英语语法五张大表(名词复数、动词四大时态和形容词比较级汇总)

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牛津版沪教版初中英语各册语法分布总表

Unit7. 原因状语从句 (p.103)
八下
九上
Unit8. 介词短语形+介 (p.119) 名+介 (p.120) 动+介 (p.121)
Unit1. 反意疑问句 (p.7) 句型：陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、感叹句 (p.8) Unit4. 句子成分：主语、谓语、宾语、表语、状语 (p.55)
Unit5. 让步状语从句 (p.71) Unit6. 宾语从句 (p.87) Unit7. 定语从句 (p.103)
Unit3. 可数和不可数名词 (p.35) Unit8. 人称代词 (p.105) 形容词性物主代词 (p.106) 名词性物主代词 (p.106)
七下
Unit2. 专有名词 (p.21) 首字母大写名词前加the
Unit3. 反身代词 (p.35)
Unit4. 现在进行时 (p.49) Unit6. 情态动词 can, may, must (p.77-79) Unit8. used to, did not use to (p.110) Unit3. 形容词二形容词比较级 (p.39) 形容词最高级 (p.40) Unit4. 形容词三 good, bad, far的比较级和最高级 (p.55) (not) as+形+as (p.56) *比较状语从句 Unit6. 副词副+动 (p.87) 副词比较级 (p.88) 副词最高级 (p.88)
Unit2. and, but, so (p.22) Unit7. 祈使句 (p.94) 感叹句 (p.95)
Unit8. 时间状语从句 (p.109)
Unit7. 条件状语从句二主现从现，一定发生 (p.103) if…not=unless (p.104)

四大时态总结

四大时态总结一、一般现在时标志词：always(总是) usually(通常) often(经常) sometimes(有时) never(从不) every(每一)行为动词词型变化形式一般现在时动词只有第三人称有词形变化，其他人称（第一人称：I, we；第二人称：you；第三人称复数：they、my friends）动词均用原形当主语是第三人称单数时，一般动词在一般现在时句子中的变化规律：1、多数在动词后加s play—plays like—likes2、以s，x，sh，ch，o结尾的动词加es wash–washes catch–catches do–does3、以辅音字母加y结尾，把y改i再加es fly—flies study—studies4、以元音字母加y结尾，直接加s buy – buys5、不规则变化 have—has一般现在时基本用法功能1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。

如：The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。

2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。

如：I get up at six every day.我每天六点起床。

3.表示客观现实。

如：The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。

The earth is round.构成1. be动词：主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。

如：I am a boy.我是一个男孩。

2.行为动词：主语+行为动词(+其它)。

如：We study English.我们学习英语。

句型肯定句：A.be动词：主语+ be + 其它成分 He is a worker.B.行为动词：主语+动词(注意人称变化) +其它成分 We like the little cat.否定句：A.be动词：主语+ be + not +其它成分 They are not students.B.行为动词：主语+助动词(do/does) + not +动词原形+其它成分We don’t like the little cat.一般疑问句：A.be动词：Am / Is /Are +主语 + 其它成分Are you a teacher? Yes, I am. / No, I am not.Are they students？Yes they are / No they aren,t.B.行为动词：助动词(Do/Does)+主语+动词原形 + 其它成分Do you like it? Yes, I do. / No. I don’t .Does he(she) like it? Yes, he( she )does. / No, he ( she )doesn’t.特殊疑问句：疑问词+ 一般疑问句A.be动词： How many students are there in your school?B.行为动词：What do you usually do on Sunday?一般现在时动词be和 have的变化形式1.动词Be 叫连系动词, 用法：第一人称单数用am，第三人称单数用is，其它人称用are。

复数,动词ing,过去式,比较级,adj.-adv.三单变化规则

一、名词变复数规则：1．一般名词复数是在名词后面加上“s”，如map→maps，bag→bags，book-books等；2．以s，x，sh，ch结尾的词加“es”，如bus→buses，watch→watches, box-boxes等；3．以f或fe结尾的名词变复数时,去掉f，fe 加ves的名词有：half→halves knife→knives leaf→leaves wolf→wolves wife→wives life→lives thief→thieves4．以o 结尾的名词变复数时：a）加s的名词有：photo→photos ，piano→pianos，radio→radios，zoo→zoosb）加es的名词有：potato→potatoes tomato→tomatoes5．以辅音字母＋y结尾的词，变y为i加es，如baby→babies, family-families, study-studies等；以元音字母＋y结尾的名词变复数时，直接加s变复数，如monkey→monkeys，holiday→holidays，store y→storeys（楼层）；6. oo变ee的单词：foot-feet, goose-geese,tooth-teeth；7. a变e的单词：man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen;8. 复数与原形一致的单词：fish-fish, sheep-sheep, deer-deer, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese;9.最特殊的一个：German-Germans.二、第三人称单数时动词变化规则：1、一般现在时主语为第三人称单数时的动词变化①在一般现在时中，当主语为第三人称单数时，动词要用“s”型（即第三人称单数形式）。

②所谓动词“s”型的构成，可按名词变复数的规则来记，即：1. 在动词尾直接加s。

英语时态、语态、比较级以及最高级总结

时态：【注】构成时态的助动词be (is, am, are), have (has), shall, will 等需根据主语的变化来选择。

时态是英语中一个重要的语法范畴，它表示不同时间发生的动作或存在的状态以及动作发生或存在的方式。

动作发生的时间可分为现在、过去、将来和过去将来四种形式（即时），动作发生的方式可分为一般、完成、进行和完成进行四种形式（即体）。

将时间形式和动作方式结合起来，就构成了以下英语的时态是靠动词的变化和时间状语来表达的。

英语中的时态共有十六种，要掌握英语的时态和语态，必须掌握好英语中的助动词(do, be, have)和时间状语这两个核心问题。

可以看出“时”的变化体现在助动词上，“体”的变化体现在助动词及动词上。

（1）一般现在时基本形式（以do为例）：第三人称单数：does（主语为非第三人称单数）；肯定句：主语＋动词原形＋其他；He works for us.否定句：主语＋don‘t/doesn't＋动词原形＋其他；He doesn't work for us.一般疑问句：Do/Does＋主语＋动词原形＋其他。

肯定回答：Yes，（＋主语＋do/does）．否定回答：No，（＋主语＋don't/doesn't.）特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句语Does he work for us?Yes, he does.No, he doesn'tWhat does he do for us?He works for us.（2）一般过去时be动词＋行为动词的过去式否定句式：在行为动词前加didn‘t，同时还原行为动词，或was／were＋not；was或were放于句首；用助动词do的过去式did提问，同时还原行为动词例如：Did he work for us? He didn't work for us. He worked for u s.（3）一般将来时am／are／is＋going to＋do 或will／shall＋doam/is/are/about to + doam/is/are to + do;一般将来时的表达方法be going to +动词原形be +不定式,be to+动词原形,be about to ＋动词原形be able to +不定式be about to+动词原形will + 动词原形；例如：He is going to work for us.He will work for us；He is coming.这是特殊的用一般现在时表达将来时态的例子！！(4)过去将来时be（was，were）going to+动词原形be（was，were）about to+动词原形be（was，were）to+动词原形肯定句：主语+be（was，were）going to+动词原形～.否定句：主语+be（was，were）not going to+动词原形～.疑问句：Be（Was，Were）+主语+going to+动词原形～？肯定句：主语+would（should）+动词原形～.否定句：主语+would（should）not+动词原形～.疑问句：Would（Should）+主语+动词原形～？He would work for us.(5)现在进行时主语+be+v.ing〔现在分词〕形式(其中v表示动词)表示现在正在进行的动作或最近在做的事。

英语时态语态总结表格

英语时态语态总结表格一、时态总结。

时态名称构成用法例句。

一般现在时主语+动词原形/第三人称单数动词+s/es 表示经常性或习惯性动作，客观真理等 He goes to school by bus every day.一般过去时主语+动词过去式表示过去某个时间发生的动作或状态 Theyvisited their grandparents last Sunday.一般将来时主语+will/shall+动词原形表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或状态We will have a meeting tomorrow.现在进行时主语+be+动词-ing 表示现在正在进行的动作 He is playing football now.过去进行时主语+was/were+动词-ing 表示过去某个时间正在进行的动作 They were watching TV at 8 o'clock last night.将来进行时主语+will be/shall be+动词-ing 表示将来某个时间正在进行的动作We will be having dinner at 7 o'clock tomorrow.现在完成时主语+have/has+动词过去分词表示过去某个时间开始，一直持续到现在的动作或状态 He has lived in this city for 10 years.过去完成时主语+had+动词过去分词表示过去某个时间之前已经发生的动作或状态 They had finished their homework before 9 o'clock yesterday.将来完成时主语+will have/shall have+动词过去分词表示将来某个时间之前已经发生的动作或状态 We will have graduated from college by next year.二、语态总结。

语态名称构成用法例句。

语法项目表Grammar Items

语法项目表Grammar Items1.词类名词形容词副词动词代词冠词数词介词连词感叹词2.名词(1)可数名词和不可数名词(2)名词的复数形式(3)专有名词(4)所有格3.代词(1)人称代词(2)物主代词(3)反身代词(4)指示代词(5)不定代词(6)疑问代词4.数词基数词和序数词5.介词掌握词汇表中所列介词的用法6.连词掌握词汇表中所列连词的用法7.形容词1)作定语、表语和宾语补足语的用法2)比较等级原级、比较级、最高级(1)构成-er;-est;more;the most(2)基本句型比较级形式＋than...(the＋)最高级形式＋in/of...as＋原级形式＋as...not as(so)＋原级形式＋as...8.副词1)时间、地点、方式、程度、疑问、连接、关系等副词的用法2)比较等级原级、比较级、最高级(1)构成-er;-est;more;the most(2)基本句型比较级形式＋than...(the＋)最高级形式＋in/of...as＋原级形式＋as...not as(so)＋原级形式＋as...9.冠词的一般用法10.动词1)动词的基本形式(1)现在时(原形，-s/-es形式)(2)过去时(-ed形式)(3)过去分词(-ed形式)(4)-ing形式2)行为动词的及物性与不及物性3)连系动词be,get,look,seem,turn,grow,become,etc.4)助动词be,do,have,shall,will,etc.5)情态动词can,may,must,ought,need,dare,etc.6)动词的时态(1)一般现在时We usually go to school at half past seven.Are you tired?The earth goes around the sun.There goes the train!(2)一般过去时I got to school at a quarter past seven this morning.When I lived there, I went to the cinema twice a month.(3)一般将来时A.shall(will)＋动词原形We’ll meet you at the airport.He’ll come here every other day.B.用be going to＋动词原形表示We are going to listen to a talk tomorrow afternoon.There’s going to be a meeting this evening.(4)现在进行时They’re listening to music.What are you doing these days?(5)过去进行时I was watching television at half past eight yesterday evening.We were having a basketball match when you came to see me.(6)现在完成时We’ve learned about 1,200 English words.I’ve been here in Beijing for half a month now.He has travelled to several places in South China since he came to China.(7)过去完成时By ten o’clock we had already done half of the work.The meeting had already begun when they arrived.I told him that we had known each other for many years.(8)过去将来时He said they would return before the end of this month.She said there was going to be an English talk next Sunday.7)动词的被动语态(1)一般现在时的被动语态The Great Wall of China is known all over the world.(2)一般过去时的被动语态This city was liberated in 1948.(3)一般将来时的被动语态The matter will be discussed at the next meeting.(4)现在进行时的被动语态The question is being discussed at the meeting.(5)现在完成时的被动语态The bridge has been built this month.(6)带情态动词的被动语态The bike must not be put here.Can it be finished in two hours?8)动词的不定式(1)作主语To learn a foreign language is not easy.It is not easy to learn a foreign language.(2)作宾语I wanted to see a doctor.Do you think it necessary to go there?(3)作宾语补足语The teacher warned the students not to be late.He saw her leave the house.(4)作表语She seems to be tired.(5)作定语There is nothing to worry about.We have no time to think about rest.(6)作状语She knows English well enough to read books.He stopped to talk to an old man.(7)用在how,when,where,what,which,who,whether 等后面The question is where to get a computer.I really don’t know what to do.9)动词的过去分词(1)作定语A broken cup is lying on the floor.(2)作表语The cup is broken.(3)作宾语补足语He’s going to have his hair cut.(4)作状语Once seen,it can never be forgotten.She walked out of the house,followed by her little daughter.10)动词的-ing形式(1)作主语Talking is easier than doing.It’s no use talking about it.(2)作宾语I don’t mind going on foot.(3)作表语Seeing is believing.The story is moving.(4)作宾语补足语I saw them coming across the road.(5)作定语There is a swimming pool in our school.China is a developing country.The boy standing there is a classmate of mine.(6)作状语Being ill,she went home.Having finished their work,they had a rest.11.句子1)句子的种类(1)陈述句(肯定式和否定式)(2)疑问句(一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句、反意疑问句)(3)祈使句(4)感叹句2)句子的成分(1)主语Mary was born in Germany.I’ll stay in this city for a few years.To listen to her songs is a pleasure.(2)谓语He learned some English at school.She is writing a letter.He looks strong.You can go now.Will you have to go tomorrow?(3)表语Her mother is a doctor.It’s I(me).Are you ready?It remained to be seen.The football match was very exciting.The book is in the desk.(4)宾语She loved her mother.He refused to come.(5)直接宾语和间接宾语He gave me some advice on how to learn a foreign language.Father bought some books for me.(6)宾语补足语He told us to come on time.I think it a good thing.We found him busy with his work.(7)定语Lucy is wearing green trousers and a yellow sweater.We often do morning exercises.Can I borrow your pen,please?The woman in the red coat is Mrs. Brown.Do you have anything more to say?(8)状语Every day he went there by bus.She feels quite well.He went to buy some fruit.This room is too small for us to live in.*3)主谓的一致关系There is a pen and some books on the desk.Either you or I am to go.4)简单句的五种基本句型(1)主语＋连系动词＋表语(S＋V＋P)The weather is very cold.She felt happy.(2)主语＋不及物动词(S＋V)Summer is coming.(3)主语＋及物动词＋宾语(S＋V＋O)I like Chinese food.She knows what to do.(4)主语＋及物动词＋间接宾语＋直接宾语(S＋V＋IO＋DO) She taught them physics.He showed me a new TV set.(5)主语＋及物动词＋宾语＋宾语补足语(S＋V＋O＋C) They won’t let me go.We must keep the room warm.5)并列句I turned on the TV and we sat down and watched it.I bought my sister a present,but she didn’t like it.6)复合句(1)名词性从句*a.主语从句Who will go is not important.What we need is more time.b.宾语从句I hope (that) everything is all right.I’d like to know whether it is worth doing.Do you know where he is?He has found out why she was late.c.表语从句The question was who could go there.That is why he was late.*d.同位语从句I have no idea when he will be back.The fact that he had not said anything surprised everybody.(2)定语从句A plane is a machine that can fly.Who is the man that is sitting by the window?A chemist’s shop is a shop which sells medicine.She is the girl who sings best of all.The comrade with whom I came knows French.This is the room in which we lived last year.或：This is the room which we lived in last year.The man that you were talking about has come to our school.I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing.The hospital where my mother works is in the north of the city.*Yesterday I met Li Ping,who seemed to be very busy.(3)状语从句She was reading the newspaper when I came in.I’ll give the letter to him as soon as I see him.We’ll go where the people need us.He didn’t come yesterday because he was ill.We should study harder (so) that we may work better in the future. It is such a big box that nobody can move it.We’ll go to the Great Wall if it’s fine tomorrow.Although the place is quite pleasant, I don’t think we should go there all the time.No ma tter what he says, I don’t believe him.He ate so much as if he hadn’t had a meal for days.I want to speak English as an Englishman does.*7)倒装句*8)省略句12.构词法1)合成法blackboard,man-made,overthrow,however,everyone2)转化法hand(n.)-hand(v.)，break(v.)-break(n.)empty(adj.)-empty(v.)3)派生法A.加前缀dis-,in-,re-,un-,non-B.加后缀-able,-al,-an,-ful,-ive,-er,-ese,-ist,-ment,-ness,-tion,-fy,-ian,-ing,-is(z)e,-ly,-teen,)-ty,-th,-y。

小学英语四大时态详解：五张思维导图(全)

小学英语四大时态详解：五张思维导图-全小学英语主要是如下的四大时态：一般现在时、现在进行时、一般过去时、一般将来时。

一般现在时一、标志词always(总是)usually(通常)often(经常)sometimes(有时)never(从不)every(每一)二、基本用法1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。

2.表示经常性、习惯性的动作。

3.表示客观现实。

三、构成1.be动词：主语+be动词（am isare）+其它.2.行为动词：主语+行为动词+其它。

四、句型肯定句：A. be 动词：be+主语+其它。

B. 行为动词：主语+动词（注意人称变化）+其它。

否定句：A.be动词：主语+be+not+其它。

B.行为动词：主语+助动词（do/does）+not+d动词原形+其它一般疑问句：A.be动词：be+主语+其它。

B.行为动词：助动词（Do/Does）+主语+动词原形+其他.特殊疑问词：疑问词+一般疑问句现在进行时一、标志词now（现在）, look（看），listen（听）二、基本用法表示现阶段正在进行的动作三、基本结构1.肯定句：主语+be动词+动词现在分词（ing）+其它。

2.否定句：主语+be动词+not+动词现在分词（ing）+其它。

3.一般疑问句：be动词+主语+现在分词（ing）+其它。

4.特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。

一般将来时一、标志词tomorrow（明天），soon（不久），will（将要=be going to）二、基本用法表示在在将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态。

三、基本结构1.肯定句：主语+ be going to + 动词原形。

主语+will+动词原形。

2.否定句：主语+ be going to +动词原形。

主语+won’t + 动词原形3.一般疑问句：Be + 主语+ going to+动词原形Will + 主语+ 动词原形4.特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句一般过去时一、标志词yesterday（昨天），ago（以前），before（在...之前）二、用法1.表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用。

(完整word版)初中英语语法表格16页

初中语法网络图一．名词名词的数： 1. 规则名词的复数形式：2. 不规则名词复数：现归纳如下：III. 名词的所有格：1. ’s所有格的构成：多表示有生命的东西，2. 加’s 所有格的用法：多表示无生命的东西3. of所有格的用法：1. 无生命的东西：the legs of the chair, the cover of the book 2.有生命的东西，尤其是有较长定语时：the classrooms of the first-year students 3. 名词化的词：the struggle of the oppressed二．代词：I.代词可以分为以下七大类：三．形容词和副词的比较级构成在形容词和副词后加-er和-est，多音节和一些双音节词前加more 和most。

1. 同级比较时常常用as…as…以及not so(as)…as…如：I am not so good a player as you are.2. 可以修饰比较级的词有：much, many, a lot, even, far, a bit, a little, still, yet, by far, any, a great deal。

3. 表一方随另一方变化用“the more…the more…”。

如The harder you work, the more progress you will make.4. 用否定+比较级来表达最高级的意思。

如：I have never spent a more worrying day.5. 表示倍数的比较级有如下几种句型：Our school is three times larger than yours. /Our school is four times as large as yours. /Our school is four times the size of yours.6. 表示“最高程度“的形容词没有最高级和比较级。

名词-动词的单现在、过去-形容词、副词的比较级和最高级变化规律。

词尾变化规则总表：名复单三现形过词尾情况名(词)复（数) 单三现(分) 形(副等级) 过(式，分) 一般+s +s +ing +er, est +eds,x,sh,ch +es +es 同上同上同上e +s +s 哑e 去,+ing +r, st +d单元音+1个辅音ⅹⅹ双写词尾+ing 双写词尾+er, est 双写词尾+ed 辅+y y—i,+es y---i,+es ⅹy---i,+er(est) y---i,+edmore, most +…..名复单三不双写现分没有y变i 形过变化样样有词尾变化规则总表：名复单三现形过词尾情况名(词)复（数) 单三现(分) 形(副等级) 过(式，分)1、一般+scat month ticket KoreanAmerican Australian IndianRussian Canadian ItalianGerman JewEuropean human boymonkey day way keyphoto piano radio zookilo mango(少用)+sopenlistencleanplaystaysay+inggo study seeopen fix openlisten cleansneeze (打喷嚏)see+er, esthard quick cold clever new narrow sourround smart loud mean stupid wild dullquiet black warm sick bright cool nearweak bald young straight tall short longcalm deep cheap strong high slow darkgreat blind dumb deaf full poor real fewgray polite(少用) often(2)+edplay help open stay fix cleanlisten finish borrow join returnpour perform rain work checkwait pick laugh mix end fear callhappen fail fold answer returnlook talk plant annoy knockreview hang(绞死)2、 e e +s e +shopecome哑e 去,+inglive come writetake havee +r, stfine free close nice able white blondesore true large safe handsome lame truesure cute(2种)e +dskate love like dance changepractice close die live receiveretire advice argue hate smileexchange smoke agree lie (说谎)sneeze打喷嚏3、单元音+ 1个辅音名复单三不双写双写词尾+ingsit begin shoprun forget planhit put set clap双写词尾+er, estred big hot thin fat sad slim flat mad双写词尾+edstop plan fit drop shop chat（聊天）trip（绊倒）kid （欺骗）star 主演hiccup打嗝star主演hiccup 打嗝4、辅+y,y—i y—i,+escity factory country babyfamily library dictionaryy---i,+escarrystudy现分没有y变i y---i,+er(est)easy happy healthy early busy ugly curlyfunny scary pretty angry cloudy sunnyrainy windy lovely friendly unfriendlyunhappy unlucky furry tiny guilty greedyheavy moody lively thirsty lazy hungrysorry empty crazy silly pushy luckyshy(2种)y---i,+edstudy cry marry carry worry5、s,x,sh,ch,o+esglass box watch dishwish busnegro hero potatotomato mango+escatchwatchfixbrushgo do名词变复数不规则变化f,fe---v+es thief—thieves （小偷）self—selves（自己）leaf—leaves(叶子) life---lives （命）half---halves；（一半）wife---wives （妻子）shelf—shelves（架）knife---knives（刀）wolf—wolves（狼）roof—roofs（屋顶）chef—chefs(厨师) scarf—scarfs,scarves( 围巾) 词形不变Chinese Japanese sheep deer Swiss 中日羊鹿瑞士人变成e man---men Englishman---Englishmen Frenchman---Frenchmen foot---feet tooth---teeth只有复数clothes pants trousers shorts scissors (剪刀)compasses (圆规) glasses(眼镜)形复实单news maths politics physics形单实复cattle people police 谓语用复数特殊变化child---children mouse--mice合成名词只变一词boy student---boy students night school---night schools pencil sharpener-- sharpeners 两词都变woman doctor---women doctors man singer---men singers动词的现在分词形式不规则变化词尾情况规则例词ie ie----y,+ing die tie lie 形容词、副词的比较级、最高级形式不规则变化不规则变化多数多音节词more,most+原级useful famous quickly beautiful creative serious outgoing amazing awful exciting excited interested famous intelligentexpensive inexpensive tired honest wonderful interesting fantastic sadly beautifully delicious slowly open difficult carefullybeautifully deeply careless active athletic original foolish wrong right casual casually nervous unusual usual modest naturalpleased realistic popular loving inexpensive comfortable convenient crowded truly exhausted embarrassed convincing carelesscareful carefully enormous completely particularly quickly quietly aggressive specifically disappointed disgusted successfulsuitable educational gradually unpleasant pleasant polite(2种) common(2种)原级比较级最高级词义good/well better bestbad/ill worse worstmany/much more mostlittle less leastfar farther farthest 距离further furthest 程度late later latest 时间latter last 顺序old older oldest 年龄关系elder eldest 兄弟姐妹关系GO FOR IT PT PPmeaning root form pt pp meaning root form pt pp让允许let let let 喂feed fed fed 阅读read read read 遇见meet met met 放置put put put 感觉feel felt felt 花费cost cost cost 嗅，发出smell smelt smelt 打hit hit hit 拼写spell spelt spelt 砍切割cut cut cut 损坏，宠坏spoil spoilt spoilt 伤害弄伤hurt hurt hurt 发现，找到 find found found 撒抛投cast cast cast 举着，握着hold held held 关闭 shut shut shut 听见hear heard heard 沉入安置set set set 有，吃have/has had had 传播展开spread spread spread 丢失，失去lose lost lost使阴暗overcast overcast overcast 离开，留下leave left left广播broadcast broadcast broadcast 制造，使得make made made预测forecast forecast forecast 射击射伤shoot shot shot爆炸burst burst burst 照耀发光shine shone shone捕捉赶上catch caught caught 坐sit sat sat教书教学teach taught taught 临时照顾babysit babysat babysat 想认为think thought thought 吐，吐唾液spit spat spat买buy bought bought 打赢，获胜win won won搜寻追求seek sought sought 出血bleed bled bled打架打仗fight fought fought 逃跑flee fled fled带来bring brought brought 改建rebuild rebuilt rebuilt 扫sweep swept swept 睡过头oversleep overslept overslept 哭泣流泪weep wept wept 挖dig dug dug保持keep kept kept 撒谎lie lied lied睡觉sleep slept slept 放置下蛋lay laid laid梦到，做梦dream dreamt dreamt 躺lie lay lain学习，学会learn learnt learnt 敲打，振翅beat beat beaten 燃烧burn burnt burnt 编织weave wove woven 建设build built built 上升，升起rise rose risen弯曲,弯腰bend bent bent 发生，呈现arise arose arisen花费,度过spend spent spent 驱使驱赶drive drove driven 发送,派遣send sent sent 拿走，带走take took taken付钱pay paid paid 误认为mistake mistook mistaken 说say said said 摇动挥动shake shook shaken 站立stand stood stood 刮风，吹blow blew blown明白understand understood understood 生长，种植grow grew grown 误解misunderstand misunderstood misunderstood 知道，了解know knew known 卖sell sold sold 画，拖，拉draw drew drawn给give gave given 投掷抛throw threw thrown 原谅forgive forgave forgiven 飞行fly flew flown告诉tell told told 展示show showed shown处置，对付deal dealt dealt 看见，看望see saw seen意味着mean meant meant 是be was/were been粘坚持stick stuck stuck 落下降落fall fell fallen说讲话speak spoke spoken 吃喝eat ate eaten醒wake woke woken 打破，折断break broke broken唤醒awake awoke awoken 开始begin began begun选择choose chose chosen 做do did done结冰，冰冻freeze froze frozen 走，去go went gone偷steal stole stolen 悬挂hang hung hung撕开撕破tear tore torn 绞死hang hanged hanged穿着带着wear wore worn 蜿蜒，曲折wind wound wound骑ride rode ridden 点燃，照亮light lighted lighted写write wrote written light lit lit禁止forbid forbade forbidden 能，能够be able to was able to been able to 躲藏hide hid hidden were able to咬，叮bite bit bitten 不得不have to had to had to来come came come 必要(实) need needed needed成为become became become 必要(情) need ---------- -----------击败overcome overcame overcome 敢(实) dare dared dared跑run ran run 敢(情) dare ----------- -----------游泳swim swam swum 能，可能can could ----------唱歌sing sang sung 可能，可以may might -----------下沉sink sank sunk 必须，一定must must -----------响铃ring rang rung 应该，理应ought to ----------- -----------喝酒drink drank drunk 即将，将会shall should -----------饲养keep kept kept 即将，将会will would -----------领导lead led led 过去常常--------- used -----------喂feed fed fed 展示show showed shown临时照顾babysit babysat babysat 拼写spell spelt spelt7下不规则动词的过去式汉语1 A-A 必让放读花打砍伤2 –ew 画长知扔示飞3-ought 想来买4-aught 教抓5 –o- 断忘说动词原形1 A--Amustletputreadcosthitcuthurt2 –ewdrawgrowknowthrowshowfly3 –oughtthinkbringbuy4 –-aughtteachcatch5 -o--breakforgetspeak过去式1 A—Amustletputread[♏]costhitcuthurt2 –ew[◆:]drewgrewknewthrewshowedflew3 –ought[ :]thoughtbroughtbought4-aught[[ :]taughtcaught5 –o—[☯☺]brokeforgotspoke写拿卖诉弄骑开站懂6 –e—留见意睡离握扫感落喂7 –-a--始喝跑唱游给坐writetakeselltellgetridedrivestandunderstand6–e—keepmeetmeansleepleaveholdsweepfeelfallfeed7 –-a--begindrinkrunsingswimgivesitwrotetooksoldtoldgotrodedrovestoodunderstood6 –e—[♏]keptmetmeantsleptleftheldsweptfeltfellfed7 –-a--[✌]begandrankransangswamgave[♏✋]sat8 be动词是是是9 助动词可能将将做做10----t花建丢11其他来去生有有看听说吃找花躺8 be动词amisare9 助动词maycanwillshalldodoes10----tspendbuildlose11其他comegobearhavehasseehearsayeatfindpaylie8 be动词waswaswere9 助动词mightcouldwouldshoulddiddid10----tspentbuiltlost[ ]11其他camewentbore [ :]hadhadsawheardsaidatefound[ ☺]paidlay GO FOR IT PT PP （八下常用）meaning root form pt pp meaning root form pt pp让允许let let let 到达get got got阅读read read read 绞死hang hanged hanged 放置put put put 悬挂hang hung hung花费cost cost cost 照亮light lit lit打hit hit hit 撒谎lie lied lied砍切割cut cut cut 躺lie lay lain伤害弄伤hurt hurt hurt 下蛋lay laid laid沉入安置set set set 敲打beat beat beaten 关闭 shut shut shut 来come came come抓catch caught caught 成为become became become 教teach taught taught 跑run ran run认为think thought thought 给give gave given买buy bought bought 驾驶drive drove driven 打架fight fought fought 拿走take took taken带来bring brought brought 误认为mistake mistook mistaken 扫sweep swept swept 摇动shake shook shaken 保持keep kept kept 吹blow blew blown 睡觉sleep slept slept 生长grow grew grown 梦dream dreamt dreamt 知道know knew known 学会learn learnt learnt 画draw drew drawn 燃烧burn burnt burnt 投，抛throw threw thrown 建设build built built 展示show showed shown 度过spend spent spent 飞fly flew flown发送,派遣send sent sent 看见see saw seen付钱pay paid paid 是be was/were been说say said said 落下fall fell fallen站立stand stood stood 吃eat ate eaten明白understand understood understood 打破break broke broken 卖sell sold sold 讲话speak spoke spoken 告诉tell told told 醒wake woke woken意味着mean meant meant 选择choose chose chosen 遇见meet met met 偷steal stole stolen喂feed fed fed 穿着wear wore worn感觉feel felt felt 生bear bore born闻smell smelt smelt 骑ride rode ridden拼写spell spelt spelt 写write wrote written 发现find found found 禁止forbid forbade forbidden 握着hold held held 躲藏hide hid hidden听见hear heard heard 游泳swim swam swum有have/has had had 唱歌sing sang sung丢失lose lost lost 响铃ring rang rung离开leave left left 喝drink drank drunk制造make made made 开始begin began begun坐sit sat sat 做do did done临时照顾babysit babysat babysat 去go went gone获胜win won won 结冰freeze froze frozen规则与不规则的动词过去式、过去分词（八下常用）leave lie(说谎) likemake lie mistakesit lay shakebecome beat berun come letgive swim readhurt put loveset blow costshut drive hitgrow take cutknow catch fallthink teach eatbuy die getfight stay tripbring marry study sweep draw crykeep throw play mean fly dance meet see sleepfeel stop dream send have/has learnpay light opensay win bless stand speak borrow understand wake finishsell choose chatplan steal dropshop wear dobreak bear gotell ride hang(绞死) hang write help forbid burn closehide build practice listen spend smell clean sing findfix ring hold change drink carry worry begin losehear live receive join return mixlook answer agree feed retire kidshow check arguefreeze pour agree babysit spell exchange perform fold advice rain happen hatecall fear smile end work failpick wait laugh annoy collect review knock。

最全英语各种词汇词性名词形容词副词比较级最高级变化规则总结归纳

aw ／ow变为ew
draw—drew，grow—grew，know—knew，throw—threw（动词show除外，show—showed）
e改为o
get—got，forget—forgot
ee改为e
feed—fed，meet—met
eep改为ept
keep—kept，sleep—slept，sweep—swept
集合名词
people,police
某国人的表示
直接+s
American/Americans,European/Europeans
单复同形
Chinese,Japanese
含有man/woman变为men/women
Englishman/Englishmen,Frenchman/Frenchmen
German例外，直接+s
leaf/leaves,knife/knives,life/lives
以o结尾
有生命+es
potato/potatoes,hero/heroes
无生命+s
photo/photos,radio/radios
词性变化规则总结
（1）名词变复数规则变化与不规则变化总结
不规则变化
构成方式
示例
改变名词中的元音字母或其他形式
规则变化
构成方式
示例
一般情况
直接在词尾+s
book/books,house/houses
以s,x,ch,sh结尾
直接在词尾+es
bus/buses,box/boxes,dish/dishes
以辅音字母+y结尾
变y为i再+es

(完整版)小学英语四大时态表格版

4.以ie结尾的单词，将ie变y加ing，比如：die︵dying
备注
1.Be动词指am, is, are.
2.V指动词
3.实意动词是指有实在意义的动词
5.以辅音字母加元音字母加辅音字母结尾的单词，双写最后一个辅音字母加ed
6.不规则变化
当主语是第三人称单数时（he she it及名词的单数时），如果跟实意动词的话，则实意动词需要加s或者是es，
如：He workshard。
1.一般动词后加ing
2.以不发音的e结尾的，去掉e加ing
3.以元音字母加辅音字母结尾的，双写辅音字母加ing
比如（in ly
3.sometimes
now
1.tomorrow
2.the day after tomorrow
3.next+时间段
4.in+表示将来的时间段
否定句
1.有be动词时，在was或were后面加not，即wasn’t或weren’t；
2.在有实意动词的句子中在实意动词前加didn’t，即didn’t+ V原形
一般过去时
一般现在时
现在进行时
一般将来时
定义
1.过去发生的事情
2.过去做过的事情
1.经常发生的事情
2.自然公理
现在正在进行的事情
1.将发生的事，没发生2.想做的事，但没做
构成
1.有be动词时，（isam）变was
are变were
2.有实意动词时，将实意动词变成该动词的过去式，即V+ed
1,有be用be，
2.有实意动词，就用实意动词
Be+ ving
即动词后加动词的ing
1.begoing to+动词原形

五张思维导图,轻松熟记小学四大时态

五弛思维导图，沉快死记小教四大时态！之阳早格格创做明师俱乐部 5月7日为了让孩子们更佳的教习英语，小编整治归纳了小教英语最时常使用的四种时态的思维导图，期视对于孩子教习英语不妨有帮闲.小教英语主假如如下的四大时态：普遍当前时、当前举止时、普遍往日时、普遍将去时.普遍当前时一、标记词汇always(经常) usually(常常) often(时常) sometimes(偶尔) never(从没有) every(每一)两、基础用法1.表示真物大概人物的特性、状态.2.表示时常性、习惯性的动做.3.表示客瞅现真.三、形成1.be动词汇：主语+be动词汇（am isare）+其余.：主语+止为动词汇+其余.四、句型肯定句：A. be 动词汇：be+主语+其余.B. 止为动词汇：主语+动词汇（注意人称变更）+其余.可定句：A.be动词汇：主语+be+not+其余.B.止为动词汇：主语+帮动词汇（do/does）+not+d动词汇本形+其余普遍疑问句：A.be动词汇：be+主语+其余.B.止为动词汇：帮动词汇（Do/Does）+主语+动词汇本形+其余.特殊疑问词汇：疑问词汇+普遍疑问句当前举止时一、标记词汇now（当前）, look（瞅），listen（听）两、基础用法表示现阶段正正在举止的动做三、基础结构1.肯定句：主语+be动词汇+动词汇当前分词汇（ing）+其余.2.可定句：主语+be动词汇+not+动词汇当前分词汇（ing）+其余.3.普遍疑问句：be动词汇+主语+当前分词汇（ing）+其余.4.特殊疑问句：疑问词汇+普遍疑问句.普遍将去时一、标记词汇tomorrow（来日诰日），soon（没有暂），will（将要=be going to）两、基础用法表示正在正在将去某个时间要爆收的动做大概存留的状态.三、基础结构1.肯定句：主语 + be going to + 动词汇本形.主语+will+动词汇本形.2.可定句：主语 + be going to +动词汇本形.主语 +won’t + 动词汇本形3.普遍疑问句：Be + 主语 + going to+动词汇本形Will + 主语 + 动词汇本形4.特殊疑问句：疑问词汇+普遍疑问句普遍往日时一、标记词汇yesterday（今天），ago（往日），before（正在...之前）两、用法1.表示往日某个时间爆收的动做大概存留的状态，常战表示往日的时间状语连用.2.表示往日时常大概反复爆收的动做.三、基础结构1.be动词汇（am/is形成was,are形成were）（1）可定句：正在was大概者were后加not（2）普遍疑问句：把was大概者were调到句尾.（1）可定句：didn’t + 动词汇本形（2）普遍疑问句：正在句尾+Did，句子中的往日式形成本型.（3）特殊疑问句：A.疑问词汇 + did + 主语 + 动词汇本形？B.疑问词汇当主语时：疑问词汇 + 动词汇往日式？。

五张思维导图,轻松熟记小学四大时态

五张思维导图，轻松熟记小学四大时态！明师俱乐部5月7日为了让孩子们更好的学习英语，小编整理总结了小学英语最常用的四种时态的思维导图，希望对孩子学习英语能够有帮助。

小学英语主要是如下的四大时态：一般现在时、现在进行时、一般过去时、一般将来时。

一般现在时一、标志词a l w a ys(总是)us u a l l y(通常)o f t e n(经常)s o m e t i m e s(有时)ne ve r(从不)e ve r y(每一)二、基本用法1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。

2.表示经常性、习惯性的动作。

3.表示客观现实。

三、构成动词：主语+b e动词（a m i s a re）+其它.2.行为动词：主语+行为动词+其它。

四、句型肯定句：A.be动词：be+主语+其它。

B.行为动词：主语+动词（注意人称变化）+其它。

否定句：动词：主语+be+no t+其它。

B.行为动词：主语+助动词（d o/d o e s）+no t+d动词原形+其它一般疑问句：动词：be+主语+其它。

B.行为动词：助动词（D o/D o e s）+主语+动词原形+其他.特殊疑问词：疑问词+一般疑问句现在进行时一、标志词n o w（现在）,l o o k（看），l i s t e n（听）二、基本用法表示现阶段正在进行的动作三、基本结构1.肯定句：主语+be动词+动词现在分词（i n g）+其它。

2.否定句：主语+be动词+no t+动词现在分词（i n g）+其它。

3.一般疑问句：b e动词+主语+现在分词（i n g）+其它。

4.特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。

一般将来时一、标志词t o m o r ro w（明天），s o o n（不久），w i l l（将要=be g o i n g t o）二、基本用法表示在在将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态。

三、基本结构1.肯定句：主语+be g o i n g t o+动词原形。

(完整版)最全表格形式形容词和副词比较级和最高级

名称
结构
可放在前的修饰词
例句
二、比较级的用法
1甲+be+(倍数)+形容词比较级+than+乙”表示“甲比乙…”或“甲比乙…几倍”
a lot, much , a bit, even, a little , still, far,
Lesson One is much easier than Lesson Two.第一课比第二课容易得多。
3“甲+be+not+as/so+形容词原级+as+乙”甲不如乙…
This room is not as/so big as that one.这个房间不如那个大。
4甲+助动词+not+动词原形+as/so+副词原级+as+乙”甲不如乙…
He doesn’t walk as slowly as you.他走路不像你那样慢。
2“甲+实意动词+(倍数)+副词比较级+than+乙”表示“甲比乙…”或“甲比乙…几倍”
I got up earlier than my mother this morning.我今天早晨起床比我妈妈还早。
He runs three times faster than his her.他跑的速度比他弟弟快三倍。
3“甲+be+形容词比较级+than+any other+单数名词(+介词短语)”表示“甲比同一范围的任何一个人/物都……”，含义是“甲最……”。
注意：The Yangtze Riveris longer than any river in Japan.长江比日本的任何一条河都长。

英语基本知识框架图

英语基本知识框架图
1、概念：可数（个体名词、集体名词）
2、分类：专有名词、普通名词不可数（物质名词、抽象名词）
名词3、数：单数、复数
4、格：
人称代词时间
物主代词地点
代词反身代词方式
指示代词程度
基数词不定代词分类疑问
序数词疑问代词频度
数词分数连接代词数量
其他百分数相互代词其他实词小数原级
原级
形容词比较级比较级
最高级
副词最高级
现在式
过去式
动词的基本形式现在分词
过去分词
行为动词：及物动词、不及物动词
词汇连系动词
动词分类助动词现在
情态动词
不定式过去
动词的非谓语形式动名词
过去分词主动语态将来
分词现在分词（16种时态）
叹词语态过去将来
连词
虚词被动语态
介词
S+V 时间冠词定冠词S+V+O 地点
不定冠词S+V+P 原因
主要成分：主语、谓语简单句S+V+InO+DO 条件
次要成分：S+V+O+OC 比较、方式句子成分词类和句子成分之间的关系there be 目的
句法陈述句状语从句结果
句子疑问句并列句让步
用途分感叹句
句子种类祈使句定语从句主语从句
表语从句结构分主从复合句宾语从句
名词性从句同位语从句。

英语语法五张大表(名词复数、动词四大时态和形容词比较级总结)

疑问句：Do you watch TV everynight?
④问句：Are there…
特殊疑问句：How many…are there
tea茶bread面包food食物
fruit水果chicken鸡肉
milk牛奶sugar糖soup汤
chease奶酪beef牛肉
furniture家具
⑵s,x,sh,ch结尾，加-es
读/iz/
bus-buses公共汽车box-boxes箱子
⑶辅音字母+y结尾，变y为i，加-es
读/iz/
baby-babies小孩
have-has有
变化规则
例词
①一般情况加-ing
do做-doing play玩-playing draw画-drawing
go去-going read读-reading cook煮-cooking
talk,eat,clean,listen,speak,wear,work,sing,sleep
②以不发音字母e结尾动词，去掉e,再加-ing
2、人称代词：3、物主代词：
三、动词的时态
1、动词：表示动作的词。
2、四大时态：
时态类型
表述情况
变化形式
标志词
㈠一般现在时
描述一般件事或经常性、习惯性动作
第一二人称、复数，用动词原形
usually,ofen,sometimes
第三人称单数动词加-es或-s
㈡现在进行时-ing
表示现在正在发生或进行的动作
⑷部分以fe结尾，变fe为ves
读/vz/
knife-knives小刀leaf-leaves叶子
⑸以o为结尾，有生命加-es，无生命加-s

英语语法知识点大全

英语语法知识点英语语法知识点大全漫长的学习生涯中，大家都背过各种知识点吧？知识点有时候特指教科书上或考试的知识。

掌握知识点有助于大家更好的学习。

以下是小编整理的英语语法知识点大全，仅供参考，希望能够帮助到大家。

英语语法知识点1第一点：动词的变化1、代词及be动词主格 I we you you she/he/it they宾格 me us you you her/him/it them代词所有格 my our your your her/his/its their名词性代词 mine ours yours yours hers/his/its theirsbe动词现在时 Am are are are is arebe动词过去时 was were were were was were2、名词的复数规则变化的名词复数形式规则1 一般情况+s e.g. shell→shells toy→toys规则2 以s, x, ch, sh结尾+es e.g. fox→foxes church→churches 规则3 以o结尾+s或+es e.g. radio→radios potato→potatoes 规则4 以f, fe结尾的，变f, fe为ves e.g. life→lives half→halves 规则5 以辅音字母+y结尾，变y为i+es e.g. sky→skies study→studies3、动词的第三人称单数形式规则1 一般情况+s e.g. like-likes, look-looks规则2 以s, x, ch, sh和o结尾+es e.g. do-does, catch-catches 规则3 以辅音字母+y结尾，变y为i+es e.g. carry-carries, fly-flies4、动词现在分词规则1 一般动词加-ing e.g. look-looking, read-reading, play-playing规则2 以不发音的字母结尾的单词去e加-ing e.g. make-making, take-taking, arrive-arriving规则3 重读闭音节词结尾，即单词中只有一个元音字母，其后紧跟一个辅音字母的词，双写辅音字母再加-ing e. g. run-running, sit-sitting, get-getting, swim-swimming, stop-stopping5、动词过去式规则动词变化规则1 一般动词加-ed e.g. look-looked, watch-watched, play-played.规则2 以e结尾的加-d e.g. make-maked, arrive-arrived.规则3 以辅音字母y结尾的变y为i加-ed cry-cried, carry-carried.规则4 重读闭音节词结尾，即单词中只有一个元音字母，其后紧跟一个辅音字母的词，双写辅音字母再加-ed stop-stopped 过去式的读音在清辅音后面(除外)读/t/ e.g. walked, jumped在浊辅音和元音后读/d/ e.g. washed, watched在/t/，/d/后读/id/ e.g. waited, hated6、形容词和副词的比较级和最高级比较级规则1 一般加-er e.g. high-higher规则2 以e结尾加-r nice-nicer规则3 以辅音字母加y结尾，变y为i再加-er busy-busier规则4 重读闭音节结尾，双写辅音字母再加-er fat-fatter最高级规则1 一般加-est e.g. high-highest规则2 以e结尾加-st nice-nicest规则3 以辅音字母加y结尾，变y为i再加-est busy-busiest规则4 重读闭音节结尾，双写辅音字母再加--est fat-fattest7、常见缩写：is='s I am=I'm are='reis not=isn't /iznt/ are not=aren't /a:nt/do not=don'tdoes not=doesn'twas='sdid not=didn'tcan not=can'thave='vehas='shave not=haven'thas not=hasn'twill='llwill not=won'tshall not=shan't第二点：将来完成进行时将来完成进行时形式will/shall have been+现在分词用于第一人称，而will have been+现在分词用于其他人称。

英语语法思维导图总结 -词法之十大词类

词法：1. 十大词类：①实词：有词形变化；能够独立担当句子成分.v.动词；n.名词；adj.形容词；adv.副词；num.数词；pron.代词②虚词：没有词形变化；不能独立担当句子成分.prep.介词；art.冠词；conj.连词；（int.感叹词）动词：主谓关系：eg. Tom tells stories谓宾关系：eg. He gave Tom a book.词类：形容词：修饰限定关系eg. This is a good book.名词与介词：构成介词短语eg. In the book代词：代替关系冠词：用在名词前说明名词含义eg. A book名词：修饰限定eg. a evening paper 晚报2. 词与词的关系：名词：主谓；动宾关系eg. Tom tells storiesHe gave Tom a book.副词：修饰动词eg. He works very hard.动词与介词：构成动词词组eg. look after数词：主谓；动宾关系eg. Five from nine leaves four.代词：主谓；动宾关系eg. He gave her a gift 词功能：句子成分：①主语：n. ；num. ；pron.；②谓语：v. ；③宾语：n. ；num.；pron.④定语：adj. ；prep. 短语；n.；⑤状语：adv.；prep. 短语；num.⑥补语：n.；adj.；⑦表语：n.；adj. prep. 短语；个别adv. ⑧同位语：n. num.. 数：①直接加s eg. book→books；②把y变i加es ；hobby→hobbies③直接加es eg.box→boxes；④把f或fe变v加es life→lives名词：格：①直接加’s eg. a girl’s school②以s结尾加’ eg. three years’ ti me③ of 短语表达eg. the city of Beijing词法：人称代词：①主格：I；②宾格：me物主代词：①adj.性：my ；② n.性：mine反身代词：myself；ourselves；yourself；himself；herself；themselves指示代词：①时间或距离近的：/远的：this → these；/ that → those 词形变化：代词：不定代词：any ；some；each；both；many；much；few；little；other；anything ；someone；nothing；nobody；everything；none疑问代词：what；which；who；whom；whose关系代词：that；which；who；whom；whose数词：①基数词：one，two… ；②序数词：first，second..形容词和副词：①比较级加er ；②最高级加est谓语动词：①时态；②语态；③语气；动词非谓语动词：①动词不定式to do ；②过去分词：done ；③现在分词doing ；④动名词：doing①派生法：在一个单词或字根的前面或后面加上一个词缀，变成一个新词。

英语语法简单图解，通俗易懂！早点看到就好啦！

英语语法简单图解，通俗易懂！早点看到就好啦！一．名词I. 名词的种类：II. 名词的数：1. 规则名词的复数形式：名词的复数形式，一般在单数形式后面加-s或-es。

现将构成方法与读音规则列表如下：2. 不规则名词复数：英语里有些名词的复数形式是不规则的，现归纳如下：III. 名词的所有格：名词在句中表示所有关系的语法形式叫做名词所有格。

所有格分两种：一是名词词尾加’s构成，二是由介词of加名词构成。

前者多表示有生命的东西，后者多表示无生命的东西。

1. ’s所有格的构成：2. ’s所有格的用法：3. of所有格的用法：用于无生命的东西：the legs of the chair, the cover of the book 用于有生命的东西，尤其是有较长定语时：the classrooms of the first-year students用于名词化的词：the struggle of the oppressed二．冠词冠词分为不定冠词（a, an），定冠词（the），和零冠词。

I. 不定冠词的用法：II. 定冠词的用法：III. 零冠词的用法：三．代词：I. 代词可以分为以下七大类：II. 不定代词用法注意点：1. one, some与any:1) one可以泛指任何人，也可特指，复数为ones。

some多用于肯定句，any多用于疑问句和否定句。

One should learn to think of others.Have you any bookmarks? No, I don’t have any bookmarks.I have some questions to ask.2) some可用于疑问句中，表示盼望得到肯定的答复，或者表示建议，请求等。

Would you like some bananas? Could you give me some money?3) some 和any修饰可数名词单数时，some表示某个，any表示任何一个。

一般现在时现在进行时一般将来时一般过去时四大时态讲解表格对比总结

⼀般现在时现在进⾏时⼀般将来时⼀般过去时四⼤时态讲解表格对⽐总结四⼤时态总结--------⼀般现在时、⼀般将来时、⼀般过去时、现在进⾏时⼀、⼀般现在时⼀般现在时表⽰经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表⽰频度的时间状语连⽤，如often, usually, always, sometimes, never, seldom, every week/day/year/month..., once a week, on Sundays等。

动词⽤原形。

当主语第三⼈称单数的动词变化规则：（只有在第三⼈称(he, she, it, ⼀个⼈名)为主语的肯定句中，动词才⽤三单式）(1)⼀般情况下，直接加s runs gets likes(2)结尾是s, x, sh, ch, o,前为辅⾳字母，结尾加es watches, goes, washes, crosses, mixes, does(3)动词末尾y，前为辅⾳，将y改为i加es study→studies fly→flies但在y前如果为元⾳则直接加s buys says plays(4)不规则变形have—has⼆、现在进⾏时现在进⾏时表⽰此时此刻或现阶段正在进⾏的动作。

常与now, at this time, these days, Listen! Look! at this(1)直接在动词后加ing. going, starting, working.(2)去掉词尾不发⾳的e，再加ing. leave--leaving, make---making.注意：如果单词结尾的e发⾳，则不能去掉，也直接加ing. see –seeing agree - agreeing .(3) 对于动词只有⼀个元⾳，⽽其后跟了⼀个辅⾳字母时，双写末尾辅⾳字母再加ing.sitting, beginning run – running stop – stopping cut – cutting control – controlling（4）以ie结尾，把ie变y再加ing。