倍数增加的表示法及译法

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英语中如何表达倍数及其译法

英语中如何表达倍数及其译法

英语中如何表达倍数及其译法英语中如何表达倍数及其译法倍数否定1. 倍数 + as + 形容词或副词的原级 + as + 其他。

这种结构又常演变成下列两类:①倍数 + as + many + 可数名词复数 + as;②倍数 + as +much + 不可数名词 + as。

如:There are seven times as many people as I expected.是我预料的人数的七倍。

There is five times as much coffee in this glass as in that one.这个杯子里的咖啡是那个杯子里的五倍。

2. 倍数 + 形容词(或副词)的比较级 + than + 其他。

如:The hall is five times bigger than our classroom. 这个大厅的面积比我们教室大五倍。

3. 倍数 + the size / height / length / width. etc. + of + 其他。

如:This road is six times the length of that one. 这条路是那条路的六倍长。

4. 计量名词 + of + 名词 + be +倍数 + that + of + 其他。

如:The size of the newly broadened square is four times that of the previous one.新扩建的广场为以前的四倍大。

5. 倍数+what从句。

如:The production is now three times what it was ten years ago.现在的产量是十年前的三倍。

6. 倍数 + more + 名词 + than +其他。

如:There are nine times more books in his bag than in yours.他书包里的书比你书包里的书多九倍。

数字增减及倍数的译法

数字增减及倍数的译法

数字增减及倍数的译法泛瑞翻译第一部分:数词的译法一、数字增减的译法:1.句式特征:by+名词+比较级+thanThe wire is by three inches longer than that one.这根导线比那根长3英寸。

2.句式特征:表示增减意义的动词+to+n.译为:增加到......或减少到...... Metal cutting machines have been decreased to 50.金属切割机已经减少到50台。

二、百分数增减的表示法与译法1.句式特征:表示增减意义的动词+%The output value has increased 35%.产值增加了35%2.句式特征:表示增减意义的动词+by+%Retail salses should rise by 8%商品零售额应增加3%The prime cost decreased by 60%.主要成本减少60%3.句式特征:表示减少意义的动词+to+%表示减少后剩余的数量By using this new-process the loss of metal was reduced to 20%.采用这种新工艺,铁的损失量减少到20%4.句式特征:%+比较级+than表示净增减的数量Retail sales are expected to be nine percent higher than last year.今年零售额与去年相比,有望增加9%。

5.句式特征:%+比较级+名词表示净减数The new-type machine wasted 10 percent engergy supplied.新型机械能耗量净减10%。

6.句式特征:a+%+increase表示净增数There is a 20% increase of steel as compared with last year.与去年相比,今年钢产量净增20%。

英语中倍数的表达方法及译法

英语中倍数的表达方法及译法

翻译练习
1.The hydrogen atom is nearly l6 times as light as the oxygen atom. 2. This sort of membrane (薄膜) is twice thinner than ordinary paper.
3. When the voltage is stepped
10. This substance reacts three times as fast as the other one.
倍数的减少
第一组:
1. A is n times as small (light, slow,…)as B. 2. A is n times smaller (lighter, slower,…) than B A的大小(重量,速度,……)是B的 1/n[或A比B小(轻,慢,……)n1/n ]
4. The production of integrated circuits(集成电路) has been increased to three times as compared with last year. 5. The drain voltage (漏电压) has been increased by a factor of four. 6. The output of chemical fertilizer has been raised five times as against l986.
翻译练习
1.This book is three times as long as that one. 2. Theபைடு நூலகம்dictionary is exactly five times more expensive than that one. 3. This book is three times the length of that one.

英语中如何表达和翻译倍数

英语中如何表达和翻译倍数

英语中如何表达和翻译倍数英语中如何表达和翻译倍数表示倍数增减或倍数对比的句型多种多样,其中有一些(如下文中的句型②、⑤、⑥、⑧、(12)等,见圈码)很容易译错——其主要原因在于:英汉两语在表述或对比倍数方面存在着语言与思维差异倍数增加(一) A is n times as great(long,much,…)as B.(①) A is n times greater (longer, more,…)than B.(②) A is n times the size (length, amount,…)of B.(③) 以上三句都应译为;A的大小(长度,数量,……)是B的n倍[或A比B大(长,多,……)n-1倍]. Eg. This book is three times as long as (three times longer than,three times the length of )that one. 这本书的篇幅是那本书的3倍(即长两倍)。

注:当相比的对象B很明显时,than (as,of)B常被省去。

(二)increase to n times(④) increase n times/n-fold(⑤)increase by n times(⑥) increase by a factor of n(⑦)以上四式均应译为:增加到n倍(或:增加n-1倍)。

Eg. The production of integrated circuits has been increased to three times as compared with last year. 集成电路的产量比去年增加了两倍。

Eg. The output of chemical fertilizer has been raised five times as against l986.化肥产量比1986年增加了4倍。

Eg. That can increase metabolic rates by two or three times. 那可使代谢率提高到原来的2倍或3倍(即提高1倍或2倍)。

最全面的英汉翻译笔记(豪华打印版)

最全面的英汉翻译笔记(豪华打印版)

第一部分:数词的译法一、数字增减的译法:1.句式特征:by+名词+比较级+thanThe wire is by three inches longer than that one.这根导线比那根长3英寸。

2.句式特征:表示增减意义的动词+to+n.译为:增加到。

或减少到。

Metal cutting machines have been decreased to 50.金属切割机已经减少到50台。

二、百分数增减的表示法与译法1.句式特征:表示增减意义的动词+%The output value has increased 35%.产值增加了35%2.句式特征:表示增减意义的动词+by+%Retail salses should rise by 8%商品零售额应增加3%The prime cost decreased by 60%.主要成本减少60%3.句式特征:表示减少意义的动词+to+%表示减少后剩余的数量By using this new-process the loss of metal was reduced to 20%.采用这种新工艺,铁的损失量减少到20%4.句式特征:%+比较级+than表示净增减的数量Retail sales are expected to be nine percent higher than last year.今年零售额与去年相比,有望增加9%。

5.句式特征:%+比较级+名词表示净减数The new-type machine wasted 10 percent engergy supplied. 新型机械能耗量净减10%6.句式特征:a + % + increase表示净增数There is a 20% increase of steel as compared with last year.与去年相比,今年钢产量净增20%7.句式特征:%+ (of) 名词(代词)表示净减数,数字n照译The production cost is about 60 percent that of last year.今年产值仅为去年的60%8.句式特征:%+up on 或over表示净增数The grain output of last year in this province was 20% percent up on that of 1978.去年粮食产量比1978年净增20%。

倍数增加的表示法及译法

倍数增加的表示法及译法

倍数增加的表示法及译法倍数增加的表示法及译法一、表示法:汉语表示“增加了几倍”时,英语的倍数表示倍数需减一,译成“增加了n-1倍”以表示净增加数。

如果译成“增加到n倍”或“为原来的n倍”,则照译不误。

1.句式特点:表示增加意义的动词+n times“表示成倍地增长,译成”增加到N倍“或”增加n-1倍。

注:1倍 once; 2倍twice(或double);3倍thrice(或three times)2.句式特点:表示增加意义的动词+by+ n times,该句式与上述相同。

3.句式特点:表示增加意义的动词+to+n times表示增加到N 倍,译成”增加了n-1倍。

4.句式特点:表示增加意义的动词+by a factor of + n times5.句式特点:表示增加意义的动词+比较级+by a factor of + n times表示增加以后达到的倍数,译成”比。

大(长、宽。

)N-1倍。

6.句式特点:表示增加意义的动词+ n times+比较级+than......7.句式特点:表示增加意义的动词+ n times +adj./adv. +as....8.句式特点:表示增加意义的动词+a +n times(或n-fold) +increase.......表示增加到N倍,译成”增加了N-1倍。

9.句式特点:表示增加意义的动词+as + adj./adv.+ again as.....译成”比。

大(长、宽。

倍)例子: Line A is as long again as line B. A线比B 线长1倍。

This machine turns half as fast again as that one.这台机器转动比那台机器快半倍。

10.句式特点:表示增加意义的动词+half as + adj./adv.+ again as.....译成”比。

大(长、宽。

半倍)。

11. 句式特点:用double表示倍数,译成”等于.....的2倍“或”增加了1倍。

英语倍数的正确表达方法

英语倍数的正确表达方法

英语当中正确表达倍数的方法在使用英语表达"A 是B 的N 倍长(宽,高,大,重等)","A 比B 长(宽,高,大,重等)N 倍" 或"A 的长度(宽度,高度,大小,重量等)是 B 的N 倍",可用下列几种句型。

1."A + be + 倍数+ as + 计量形容词原级+ as + B".This tree is three times as tall as that one. 这棵树是那棵树的三倍高。

His father is twice as old as he. 他父亲的年纪有他两倍大。

2."A + be + 倍数+ 计量形容词比较级+ than + B "The Yangtze River is almost twice longer than the Pearl River.长江差不多比珠江长一倍。

The dictionary is exactly five times more expensive than that one.这本字典比那本恰好贵四倍。

3."A + be + 倍数+ the + 计量名词+ of + B "The newly broadened square id four times the size of the previous one.新扩建的广场是未扩建时的四倍大。

4."The + 计量名词+ of + A + be + 倍数+ that + of + B "The size of the newly broadened square is four times that of the previous one.新扩建的广场为以前的四倍大。

5.其它I'm twice/ double his age. 我的年龄是他的两倍。

倍数表示法

倍数表示法

倍数表示法一.“2倍,3倍,4倍”等的表示法2倍常用twice, double, duple, twofold, as…again as表示(但不可用two times),译为“翻一番”或“为…的2倍”3倍常用three times, triple, treble, threefold, 译为“增加2倍,增至3倍”或“为……的3倍”。

4倍用quadruple, 基数词+times, 基数词+fold表示,译为“增加3倍,增至4倍”或“为……的四倍。

e.g. He demanded double the usual fare.他要了比平常多一倍的路费。

This river is as wide again as that river.这条河的宽度是那条河的2倍。

(比宽1倍)They have produced four-fold as many as washers as they did last year.二.倍数比较的表示法1. X times+as+形容词或副词原形+as译为:1>“A…..是B的X倍(或净增加X-1倍)”2>减少(X-1)X倍e.g. Room A is twice as wide as Room B.e.g. This substance reacts three times as fast as that one.2. X times+形容词或副词的比较级+than (表示的数为净增加数)e.g. A us three times longer than B. A比B长3倍(是B的四倍)e.g. The car runs twenty percent faster than the motor.3. X times+the wideth (length, breadth, level, value, velocity) of (表示净增加1倍,是……的2倍)e.g. The lake is twice the width of that river.(是那个湖的2倍;宽1倍)The earth is 49 times the size of the moon.4. (half) as much (many, large) again as (表示净增加一半(half)或1倍)e.g. This river is half as long again as that one.(比那条河长一半)e.g. The new building will be as large again as the old one.e.g. Four is as much as two.四比二大一倍三. 倍数增减的表示法by表示增加或减少的净数,不包括底数,常可省略;to表示增加,减少,降低到什么程度,一般包括底数在内。

专四语法四:英语倍数表达法及译法

专四语法四:英语倍数表达法及译法



(三)There is a n-fold increase/growth… 应译为:增加n-倍(或增至n倍)。这个句型还有其它一些形式: Eg. A record high increase in value of four times was reported. 据报道,价值破记录地增长了3倍。 (四)double (增加1倍),treble(增加2倍),quadruple(增加3 倍)。 Eg. The efficiency of the machines has been more than trebled or quadrupled. 这些机器的效率已提高了2倍或3倍多。 (五)此外,英语中还有一种用again而不用倍数词来比较倍数的方 法,如: A is as much (large,long,…)again as B.(= A is twice as much (large,long,…)as B. 应译为:A比B多(大,长,……)1倍。 A is half as much (large, 1ong,…)again as B. 【= A is one and a half times as much (large, 1ong,…)as B.】 应译为:A比B多(大,长……)一半(即A是B的一倍半)。
倍数减少

(一)A is n times as small (light,slow,…)as B. A is n times smaller (lighter, slower,…) than B. 以上两句均应译为:A的大小(重量,速度,……)是B的1/n[或A比 B小(轻,慢,……)(n-1)/n]。 Eg. The hydrogen atom is near1y l6 times as light as the oxygen atom. 氢原子的重量约为氧原子的1/16(即比氧原子约轻15/16)。 Eg. This sort of membrane is twice thinner than ordinary paper. 这种薄膜比普通纸张要薄一半(即是普通纸厚度的1/2)。 注:当相比的对象B很明显时,than/as B常被省去。

浅析英语中倍数增减的表达与翻译

浅析英语中倍数增减的表达与翻译

- 216-校园英语 / 翻译探究浅析英语中倍数增减的表达与翻译潍坊工程职业学院应用外语系/宋玲枝 高莹【摘要】随着经济社会的发展,国际间交流日益增多,翻译也变的更加重要,由于在英语中倍数的表达与翻译方法有不少争议,本文从倍数增减的直接表达和采用倍数比较结构两种形式,分析归纳了英语中倍数增减的表达与翻译。

【关键词】英语 倍数 增减 表达与翻译在英语中经常会遇到倍数的增减问题,在表达上通常有两种形式:直接表达和采用倍数比较结构。

一、倍数增减的直接表达这是指在表示“增加”或者减少含义的动词后面及在表达这类含义的名词前面直接采用“n times”来表达倍数的增减。

1.倍数增加的译法。

英语中表示倍数的增加,通常有以下七种方式:(1)表“增加”的动词直接跟“n times/n-fold”。

例如:The production of various MP3 players has been multiplied four times as against 2005. 各种MP3播放机的产量比2005年增加了三倍。

(2)表“增加”的名词前加“n times/n-fold”。

例如:In 1974 there was a ten times increase of China’s coal output as compared with 1949. 1974年中国的煤产量比1949年增加了9倍。

(3)表“增加”的动词直接跟“by n times”。

(4)表“增加”的动词直接跟“by a factor of n times”。

例如:The speed exceeded the average speed by a factor of 3.2. 该速度超过平均速度2.2倍。

(5)采用“n times + (抽象名词+of+) 比较对象”结构,意思是“是/相当于……的n倍。

例如:Often the distance between the rows is about twice their height. 各排积云的云间间距通常是其自身高度的大约两倍。

英语中表示倍数增加的表达方法

英语中表示倍数增加的表达方法

(⼀)1. A is N times as great(long,much,…)as B.2.A is N times greater (longer, more,…)than B.3.A is N times the size (length, amount,…)of B.以上三句都应译为:A的⼤⼩(长度,数量,……)是B的N倍[或A⽐B⼤(长,多,……)N-1倍].e.g. This book is three times as long as (three times longer than/three times the length of) that one.这本书的篇幅是那本书的3倍(即长两倍)。

注:当相⽐的对象B很明显时,than(as,of)B常被省去。

(⼆)4.increase to n times5.increase n times/n-fold6.increase by n times7.increase by a factor of n以上四式均应译为:增加到n倍(或:增加n-1倍)。

e.g. The production of integrated circuits has been increased to three times as compared with last year. 集成电路的产量⽐去年增加了两倍。

e.g. The output of chemical fertilizer has been raised five times as against l986.化肥产量⽐1986年增加了4倍。

e.g. That can increase metabolic rates by two or three times. 那可使代谢率提⾼到原来的2倍或3倍(即提⾼1倍或2倍)。

e.g. The drain voltage has been increased by a factor of four. 漏电压增加了3借(即增加到原来的4倍)。

英语中倍数的表达方法及译法

英语中倍数的表达方法及译法

7. If the resistance is doubled without changing the voltage ,the current becomes only half strong. 8. By the end of 2007 , the number of mobile phone users in China has trebled that in 2003. 9. Efforts will be made to quadruple the GDP of the year 2000 by 2020.
Broilers are particularly susceptible to stress as genetic selection plus balanced feeding haves resulted in birds that may increase their hatching weight (40 g.) by as much as 45 times in ten weeks (1800 g, or 3.7 lb).
注:在这类句型中increase常被raise, grow,go/step up,multiply等词 所替代。
Increase by 句型翻译的证据 这一结构产生误解 的概率很高 往往误 译成 比以前增加 倍 其实 它和 increase N times 和increase to N times 表达的倍数概念相同,应译为 增加N-1 倍。
另外, 还要注意的是, 表示“增加”用times 或- 。 fold 与用百分数或具体数值是有所不同的, 增 加的数 值或百分数均表示净增量, 例如: Population has increased by 200 %in the past 25 years. 人口在过去 25 年内增加了 200 % (即增加两 倍) 。 its output of cotton went up by 20 percent. 它的棉花产量增长了20 % 。

倍数的翻译方法.

倍数的翻译方法.
倍数增加和减少的翻译方法
一、倍数增加的翻译方法 1. 表示增加意义的动词+n times
表增加了n-1倍
The output of chemical fertilizer has been increased four times as against 1978.
化肥产量比1978年增加了3倍.
2. …a n times (n-fold) + increase
表“是… …的n倍”
Wheel A turns four times as fast as wheel B.
A轮的转速是B轮的四倍。
7. “…n times + 名词或that …”
表“是… …的n倍”
The earth is 49 times the size of the moon.
地球为月球的49倍。
二、倍数减少的翻译方法
1. 系动词+n times + 比较级 + than 减少到1/(n+1)或减少了n/(n+1) The plastic container is five times lighter than that glass one.
这个塑料容器比那个玻璃容器轻5/6. 这个塑料容器的重量是那个玻璃容器的1/6.
今年,苯酚的产量增加了三倍.
5. n times + 比较级 + than… 表净增加的倍数
The atomic weight of helium is three times heavier than that of hydrogen..
氦的原子量比氢的原子量重三倍.
6. “…n times + as…as …”
The speed has exceeded the average speed by a factor of 2.4.

数字翻译

数字翻译
数字的翻译方法
倍数增加的翻译方法
a. “…n times +比较级+than…”表示净增加的 倍数 ; (1) Some electronic computers can do calculations 500,000 times faster than any person can.

(2) Light waves are 2,000 to 10, 000 times longer than X-ray waves.
6. Steel production this week totalled 327 289 metric tonnes, down 1.4% from 332 103 tonnes a week earlier but up 9.8% from 298 100 tonnes in the same week of 2003. 本周钢产量总数为327,289公吨,比上一周的332, 103公吨下降1.4%,而与2003年同一周的数据298, 100公吨比较增加了9.8%.
d. “表示减少的动词+to+n%”表示减少后的剩余的数量 1) The new technology reduces sulphur content from around 0.024% down to 0.006% at a chemical efficiency of 75%.
3)不确定数字的翻译
Practice
1.The great American scientist Millikan, in the early 20th century, actually weighed a single particle of electricity, which weighs only about half of a millionth of a millionth of a millionth of a millionth of a millionth of a pound. 一位伟大的美国科学家米里坎,于二十世纪初, 真正地标出了单个电粒子的重量,其重量仅为 一磅的百万分之一的百万分之一的百万分之一 的百万分之一的百万分之一的一半(即1/ 2 ×1030)左右。

俄语倍数、百分数的表示法和译法

俄语倍数、百分数的表示法和译法

俄语倍数、百分数的表示法和译法:1.倍数增加的表示法和译法:1)俄语中的倍数用во х раз及вдвое(两倍),втрое(三倍)等副词表示。

表示增加意义的词有:увеличить(增加),поднять(提高),повысить(提高),вырасти(增长),возрасти(增长),больше(大于),выше(高于)等。

2)增加的倍数可译成:增加到х 倍,是...的х 倍(包括基数在内):(1)Теперь тракторный парк у нас в деревне вырос в 10 раз.目前我们村的拖拉机总数增加了9倍。

(2)Следовательно, каждый его атом в 3 раза тяжелее атома лёгкого водорода.因此,它的每一个原子的重量是氢原子的3倍。

(3)До 2005 года количество инженеров этого завода увеличилось вдвое.到2005年为止,这个工厂的工程师数量增加了1倍。

(4)Твёрдость стали этой марки может изменяться в 2-3 раза.这种牌号钢的硬度可达2-3倍。

3)如倍数有小数时,一般译成百分数或小数,也可译成增加了几成。

例如:(1)И теплотворная способность нефти в 1,5 раза выше, чем у угля.石油的发热能力是煤的1,5倍。

(2)Добыча нефти возрасла в 1,3 раза.石油的开采量增加了3成(30%)。

4)当倍数是不定量数词或者数目大时,译成“增加了”时不必减1,因为数量无多大影响。

例如:(1)Причём волны видимого света длиннее, чем эти волны, в 100 тысяч раз.同时,可见光的光波比这种波长10万倍。

倍数的翻译

倍数的翻译

第一部分:数词的译法一、数字增减的译法:1.句式特征:by+名词+比较级+thanThe wire is by three inches longer than that one.这根导线比那根长3英寸。

2.句式特征:表示增减意义的动词+to+n.译为:增加到。

或减少到。

Metal cutting machines have been decreased to 50.金属切割机已经减少到50台。

二、百分数增减的表示法与译法1.句式特征:表示增减意义的动词+%The output value has increased 35%.产值增加了35%2.句式特征:表示增减意义的动词+by+%Retail salsas should rise by 8%商品零售额应增加3%The prime cost decreased by 60%.主要成本减少60%3.句式特征:表示减少意义的动词+to+%表示减少后剩余的数量By using this new-process the loss of metal was reduced to 20%.采用这种新工艺,铁的损失量减少到20%4.句式特征:%+比较级+than表示净增减的数量Retail sales are expected to be nine percent higher than last year.今年零售额与去年相比,有望增加9%。

5.句式特征:%+比较级+名词表示净减数The new-type machine wasted 10 percent engergy supplied. 新型机械能耗量净减10%6.句式特征:a + % + increase表示净增数There is a 20% increase of steel as compared with last year.与去年相比,今年钢产量净增20%7.句式特征:%+ (of) 名词(代词)表示净减数,数字n照译The production cost is about 60 percent that of last year.今年产值仅为去年的60%8.句式特征:%+up on 或over表示净增数The grain output of last year in this province was 20% percent up on that of 1978.去年粮食产量比1978年净增20%。

英语中倍数的表达方法 课件 24张PPT

英语中倍数的表达方法 课件 24张PPT
英语中倍数的表达方法 课件 24张PPT
英语中倍数的表达方法 课件 24张PPT
注:在这类句型中increase常被raise, grow,go/step up,multiply等词 所替代。
英语中倍数的表达方法 课件 24张PPT
英语中倍数的表达方法 课件 24张PPT
Increase by 句型翻译的证据 这一结构产生误解 的概率很高 往往误
Population has increased by 200 %in the past 25 years.
人口在过去 25 年内增加了 200 % (即增加两 倍) 。
its output of cotton went up by 20 percent. 它的棉花产量增长了20 % 。
英语中倍数的表达方法 课件 24张PPT
英语中倍数的表达方法 课件 24张PPT
英语中倍数的表达方法 课件 24张PPT
翻译练习
1.This book is three times as long as that one.
2. The dictionary is exactly five times more expensive than that one.
5. The drain voltage (漏电压) has been increased by a factor of four.
6. The output of chemical fertilizer has been raised five times as against l986.
英语中倍数的表达方法 课件 24张PPT
英语中倍数的表达方法 课件 24张PPT
7. If the resistance is doubled without changing the voltage ,the current becomes only half strong.

表示倍数的几种表达法英语

表示倍数的几种表达法英语

表示倍数的几种表达法英语表达倍数时,两倍用twice/double, 三倍以上用基数词+times,常见的表达方式如下:1.倍数+as…as型例如:We have produced three times as many computers as we did last year.我们生产的计算机是去年的三倍多。

2. 倍数+the size of 型例如:China is almost five times the size of Mexico in area.在面积上,中国几乎是墨西哥的五倍大。

3. 倍数+what从句例如:The length of the road is twice what it was three years ago.这条路是三年前的两倍长。

4. 倍数+比较级+than例如:I am twice older than you. 我的年龄是你年龄的两倍。

5. 比较级+ than…+ by+倍数例如:The line is longer than that one by twice.这根绳子比那根长两倍。

6. 习题巩固1. Americans eat ________ apples per person today as they did in 1960.A. more than twiceB. as twice as manyC. twice as many asD. more than twice as many2. Paper produced every year is _______ the world's production of vehicles.A. the three weight ofB. three times the weight ofC. as three times heavy asD. three times as heavier as3. With the help of the German experts,the factory produced ______ cars in 1996 as the year before.A. as twice manyB. as many twiceC. twice as manyD. twice many as4. This ship measures ________ that one.A. as twice as longB. as twice long asC. twice long asD. twice as long as5. After the new technique was introduced, the factory produced _______ tractors in 1890 as the year before.A. as twice manyB. as many asC. as twice as manyD. twice as many答案:D B C D D。

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倍数增加的表示法及译法
一、表示法:
汉语表示“增加了几倍”时,英语的倍数表示倍数需减一,译成“增加了n-1倍”以表示净增加数。

如果译成“增加到n倍”或“为原来的n倍”,则照译不误。

1.句式特点:表示增加意义的动词+n times“表示成倍地增长,译成”增加到N倍“或”增加n-1倍。

注:1倍 once; 2倍twice(或double);3倍thrice(或three times)
2.句式特点:表示增加意义的动词+by+ n times,该句式与上述相同。

3.句式特点:表示增加意义的动词+to+ n times表示增加到N倍,译成”增加了n-1倍。

4.句式特点:表示增加意义的动词+by a factor of + n times
5.句式特点:表示增加意义的动词+比较级+by a factor of + n times表示增加以后达到的倍数,译成”比。

大(长、宽。

)N-1倍。

6.句式特点:表示增加意义的动词+ n times+比较级+than......
7.句式特点:表示增加意义的动词+ n times +adj./adv. +as....
8.句式特点:表示增加意义的动词+a + n times(或n-fold) +increase.......表示增加到N倍,译成”增加了N-1倍。

9.句式特点:表示增加意义的动词+as + adj./adv.+ again as.....译成”比。

大(长、宽。

倍)
例子: Line A is as long again as line B. A线比B 线长1倍。

This machine turns half as fast again as that one.这台机器转动比那台机器快半倍。

10.句式特点:表示增加意义的动词+half as + adj./adv.+ again as.....译成”比。

大(长、宽。

半倍)。

11. 句式特点:用double表示倍数,译成”等于.....的2倍“或”增加了1倍。

12.句式特点:用treble表示倍数增加,译成”增加到3倍“或”增加了2倍。

13.句式特点:用quadruple表示倍数增加,译成”增加到4倍“或”增加了3倍。

二、英语倍数句型及其译法:
英语表示倍数增减或倍数对比的句型多种多样,其中有一些(如下文中的句型②、⑤、⑥、⑧、(12)等,见圈码)很容易译错——其主要原因在于:英汉两语在表述
或对比倍数方面存在着语言与思维差异。

现将常用的英语倍数句型及其正确译法归纳如下:
倍数增加:
(一) A is n times as great(long,much,…)as B.(①)
A is n times greater (longer, more,…)than B.(②)
A is n times the size (length, amount,…)of B.(③) 以上三句都应译为;A的大小(长度,数量,……)是
B 的n倍[或A比B大(长,多,……)n-1倍].
Eg. This book is three times as long as (three times longer than,three.
times the length of )that one.
这本书的篇幅是那本书的3倍(即长两倍)。

注:当相比的对象B很明显时,than(as,of)B常被省去。

(二)increase to n times(④)
increase n times/n-fold(⑤)
increase by n times(⑥)
increase by a factor of n(⑦)
以上四式均应译为:增加到n倍(或:增加n-1倍)。

Eg. The production of integrated circuits has been
increased to three times
as compared with last year.
集成电路的产量比去年增加了两倍。

Eg. The output of chemical fertilizer has been raised five times as against
l986.
化肥产量比1986年增加了4倍。

Eg. That can increase metabolic rates by two or three times.
那可使代谢率提高到原来的2倍或3倍(即提高1倍或2倍)。

Eg. The drain voltage has been increased by a factor of four.
漏电压增加了3借(即增加到原来的4倍)。

注:在这类句型中increase常被raise,grow,go/step up,multiply等词所替代。

(三)There is a n-fold increase/growth…(⑧)
应译为:增加n-倍(或增至n倍)。

这个句型还有其它一些形式:
Eg. A record high increase in value of four times was reported.
据报道,价值破记录地增长了3倍。

(四)double (增加1倍),treble(增加2倍),quadruple
(增加3倍)。

(⑨)
Eg. The efficiency of the machines has been more than trebled or quadrupled.
这些机器的效率已提高了2倍或3倍多。

(五)此外,英语中还有一种用again而不用倍数词来比较倍数的方法,如:
A is as much (large,long,…)again as B.(= A is twice as much (large,long,…)as
B.(⑩)
应译为:A比B多(大,长,……)1倍。

A is half as much (large, 1ong,…)again as B. 【= A is one and a half times as much (large,1ong,…)as B.】(11)
应译为:A比B多(大,长……)一半(即A是B的一倍半)。

倍数减少:
(一)A is n times as small (light,slow,…)as B.(12)
A is n times smaller (lighter, slower,…) than B.(13)
以上两句均应译为:A的大小(重量,速度,……)是B 的1/n[或A比B小(轻,慢,……)(n-1)/n]。

Eg. The hydrogen atom is near1y l6 times as light as the oxygen atom.
氢原子的重量约为氧原子的1/16(即比氧原子约轻15/16)。

Eg. This sort of membrane is twice thinner than ordinary paper.
这种薄膜比普通纸张要薄一半(即是普通纸厚度的1/2)。

注:当相比的对象B很明显时,than/as B常被省去。

(二)decrease n times/n--fold (14)
decrease by n times(15)
decrease by a factor of n(16)
以上三式均译为:减少到1/n[或:减少(n-1)/n]。

decrease常被reduce, shorten, go/slow down等词替代。

Eg. Switching time of the new-type transistor is shortened 3 times.
新型晶体管的开关时间缩短了1/3(即缩短到2/3)。

Eg. When the voltage is stepped up by ten times, the strength of the current
is stepped down by ten times.
电压升高9倍,电流强度便降低9/10(即90%)。

Eg. The equipment reduced the error probability by
a factor of 5.
该设备误差概率降低了4/5。

(三)There is a n-fold decrease/reduction…
应译为:减至1/n [或:减少(n一1)/n]。

(17)
这个句型还有其它一些形式,
Eg. A rapid decrease by a factor of 7 was observed.发现迅速减少到1/7。

Eg. The principal advantage of the products is a two-fold reduction in
weight.
这些产品的主要优点是重量减轻了1/2。

从上列倍数增减句型及其译法中不难看出:与汉语不同的是,英语在表述或比较倍数时,无论使用什么句型(除了不含倍数词的again句型外)都包括基础倍数在内,因此都不是净增或净减n倍,而是净增或净减n-1倍。

所以句型⑤、③表示的倍数增量=句型④;句型(13)表示的倍数比差=句型12,且decrease(by)
3 times应译为“减少2/3”,而不是“减少3/4”。

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