高中英语如何选择定语从句的引导词
2023年高中英语定语从句引导词的选择及注意要点
2023年高中英语定语从句引导词的选择及注意要点介词的选用介词+关系代词引导定语从句时,介词往往受上下文的约束,究竟使用哪个介词时得从下面几方面来进行考虑。
(1)从先行词跟介词的搭配习惯出发。
如:In front of my house, there is a tree, in which some birds are singing. 我的房子前有一棵树,鸟儿正在树上唱歌。
(在树上一般用介词in)(2)从定语从句中的动词、形容词对介词的习惯要求出发。
如:The computer for which I paid 5,000yuan is made in Shenzhen. 我花了五千元所买的这台电脑使深圳造的。
( pay 与for搭配)(3) 从先行词、定语从句中的动词或形容词两方面同时考虑出发。
如:Do you know the girl with whom the man talked just now? 你认识跟那个男谈话的女孩吗?(talk 究竟接to, with还是接about, 这该由动词及现行词一起决定)(4)复合介词+关系代词。
如:Go down this road, at the end of which you can see a high building and it is our office building. 沿着条路走,在路的尽头你会看到一座高大的建筑,那就是我们的办公大楼。
(5)名词+介词+ 关系代词。
如:He has three children, one of whose children is studying abroad now. 他又三个小孩,其中一个在国外读书。
注意:当定语从句的动词与介词是不可分割的固定搭配时,介词不能放到关系代词之前。
如:She has a little daughter, who is looked after by her grandma. 就不能写成:She has a little daughter, after whom is looked by her grandma. 因为,look after 是不可分开的固定短语。
高中语法突破定语从句引导词的选择与辨析
高中语法突破定语从句引导词的选择与辨析定语从句是英语中非常重要的一个语法结构,也是高中英语考试中经常涉及的内容。
而在定语从句中,引导词的选择与辨析则是一个需要注意的问题。
本文将就定语从句的引导词选择与辨析进行详细分析,帮助高中学生突破这一难点。
一、引导词的选择在选择定语从句的引导词时,需要根据从句所修饰的先行词来确定合适的引导词。
下面将列举一些常见的引导词及其用法。
1. 关系代词关系代词包括"that, which, who, whom, whose"等,它们在定语从句中作为主语、宾语、定语等成分。
当先行词是物时,通常使用"that"或"which"。
"that"用于限定性定语从句,它不能省略;"which"用于非限定性定语从句,它可以省略。
例如:The car that I bought yesterday is very expensive.(我昨天买的车非常贵。
)My new laptop, which is very fast, was stolen.(我新买的笔记本电脑,非常快,被偷了。
)当先行词是人时,通常使用"who, whom, whose"。
"who"用于修饰主语,"whom"用于修饰宾语,"whose"用于修饰所有格。
例如:The girl who is laughing is my sister.(笑的那个女孩是我妹妹。
)The man whom I met yesterday is a doctor.(我昨天遇到的那个男人是个医生。
)The doctor whose car was stolen called the police.(被偷车的医生报警了。
)2. 关系副词关系副词包括"when, where, why"等,它们在定语从句中用来修饰时间、地点和原因。
如何选择定语从句的引导词
如何选择定语从句的引导词*限制性定语从句限制性定语从句修饰先行词,对先行词起修饰作用,紧接先行词之后,无逗号,若省去,原句意思不完整。
引导定语从句的关系代词有who,whom,whose,which,that等。
who,whom,whose用于指人,whose有时也可指物,相当于of which;which用于指物;that 既可指人也可指物,但只用于限制性定语从句中。
关系代词除了引导定语从句,替代先行词外,还在从句中担任主语、宾语、定语等。
*非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句既可修饰先行词,也可修饰整个主句,起补充说明作用,与主句之间有逗号隔开,若省去,原句意思不受影响。
不可用that引导非限制性定语从句。
关系词不可省略。
一、定语从句的引导词有关系代词who,whom,whose,which,that,as;关系副词when,where,why。
定语从句中引导词的选用主要看先行词在定语从句中作什么成分或者是定语从句中缺什么成分。
1.定语从句中缺主语,修饰人时用who /that,修饰物时用which /that引导。
如:Is this the factory which /that makes TV sets?The man who /that visited our school is from Australia.2.从句中缺宾语,修饰人时用who /whom /that或省略引导词;修饰物时用which /that或省略引导词。
如:Gone are the days which /that we spent together in the village.He is the man who /whom /that I think to be worthy of our praise.3.从句中缺时间状语,用when或介词+which引导。
如:The day finally came when /on which I was given a job.We'll put off the outing until next week,when we won't be so busy.4.从句中缺地点状语,用where或介词+which引导。
高中语法突破定语从句引导词的选择辨析应用及提高方法
高中语法突破定语从句引导词的选择辨析应用及提高方法定语从句是英语语法中的一种重要句型,用于对主句中的某一名词或代词进行修饰和补充。
在定语从句的使用中,引导词的选择十分关键,不同的引导词决定了从句的语义和用法。
本文将从定语从句引导词的选择、辨析、应用以及提高方法等方面进行讨论。
一、定语从句引导词的选择1.关系代词关系代词包括that、which、who、whom、whose等。
在选择关系代词时,需要根据先行词在从句中的成分和性质进行判断。
(1)that:用于修饰人或物,可以用于限制性和非限制性定语从句,指代的先行词可以是人或物。
(2)which:用于修饰物,可以用于非限制性定语从句,指代的先行词是物。
(3)who/whom:用于修饰人,可以用于非限制性定语从句,指代的先行词是人。
2.关系副词关系副词包括where、when、why等。
在选择关系副词时,需要根据先行词在从句中的地点、时间或原因等特征进行判断。
(1)where:用于修饰地点,在从句中作状语。
(2)when:用于修饰时间,在从句中作状语。
(3)why:用于修饰原因,在从句中作状语。
二、定语从句引导词的辨析应用1.that和which的区别(1)在非限制性定语从句中,只能使用which,不能使用that。
(2)在修饰人的情况下,非限制性定语从句可以使用that或which;在修饰物的情况下,只能使用which。
2.who和whom的区别(1)who用于主语位置,whom用于宾语位置。
(2)在非限制性定语从句中,只能使用who,不能使用whom。
3.which和whom的区别(1)which用于修饰物,在从句中充当主语或宾语。
(2)whom用于修饰人,在从句中充当宾语。
三、定语从句引导词的提高方法1.积累关系词通过读书和阅读英语文章,积累不同场景下关系代词和关系副词的用法,熟练掌握各种关系词的使用条件和句子结构。
2.多加练习通过做练习题和语法习题,增加对定语从句引导词的敏感度和准确度,掌握其在不同句子中的运用。
定语从句引导词的选择与语法规则解析
定语从句引导词的选择与语法规则解析定语从句在英语中被广泛使用,用于修饰名词或代词。
在构建和理解定语从句时,选择合适的引导词至关重要。
本文将对定语从句引导词的选择以及相关语法规则进行解析,以帮助读者正确运用定语从句。
一、定语从句引导词的选择1. 关系代词who, whom和whose关系代词who, whom和whose用于修饰人。
其中,who用于主语或宾语位置,例如:- The man who is standing over there is my father.- This is the doctor whom I visited yesterday.而whose用于表示所属关系,例如:- The girl whose bag was stolen reported it to the police.2. 关系代词which和that关系代词which和that用于修饰事物。
which用于非限定性定语从句,其中的信息可以省略而不影响句子的完整性,例如:- I bought a new laptop, which is very powerful.而that用于限制性定语从句,其中的信息不能省略,例如:- The book that is on the table belongs to me.3. 关系代词where和when关系代词where用于修饰地点,when用于修饰时间,例如:- I still remember the city where I was born.- I will never forget the day when we met.4. 关系副词why关系副词why用于修饰原因,通常出现在一个由表示原因的名词、动词或形容词引导的从句中,例如:- I don't know the reason why he quit his job.二、定语从句的语法规则解析1. 非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句用于为前面提到的名词或代词提供额外的信息,不限制或限定其范围。
定语从句的引导词与位置
定语从句的引导词与位置定语从句是英语中一种常见的从句类型,用来修饰名词或代词,起到进一步说明或限定的作用。
在定语从句中,引导词的选择和位置是非常关键的。
本文将就定语从句的引导词与位置进行探讨。
一、引导词的选择定语从句的引导词根据在定语从句中所充当的成分和具体语境来选择。
英语中常见的定语从句引导词有:who, whom, whose, which, that。
根据搭配和语境,我们可以选择合适的引导词。
1. who/whom/whose这三个引导词用于修饰人,其中who用于主语,whom用于宾语,whose用于所属关系。
例如:- The man who is standing over there is my brother.- The girl whom I met yesterday is a famous actress.- The boy whose mother is a doctor won the first prize.2. which/that这两个引导词用于修饰物,which用于非限定性定语从句,that用于限定性定语从句。
例如:- This is the book which/that I bought yesterday. (限定性定语从句)- My car, which is black, is parked outside. (非限定性定语从句)二、引导词的位置定语从句的引导词的位置也是需要注意的。
引导词的位置通常有两种情况:紧挨在被修饰词之后,或者放在定语从句的开头。
1. 引导词紧跟在被修饰词之后这种情况通常出现在非限定性定语从句和介词短语后的定语从句中。
例如:- The cat, which is black, is my pet. (非限定性定语从句)- The school in which I study is very famous. (介词短语后的定语从句)2. 引导词放在定语从句的开头这种情况是最常见的,引导词位于定语从句中的第一个词。
高中英语定语从句中的解题方法技巧
解答高中英语定语从句中的方法技巧一看可化难为易。
巧用以下口决,选择引导定语从句的引导词是学习定语从句的难点。
指人还是物,二看介词在何处;三看句中作何用,四看否属特殊。
方法一:作定语,既指人whose(和)作宾语whom(、(作主语)who“一看指人还是物”指人时用只能指物,which既可指人又可指物,但在当代英语中多指物;that;)又指物which与that可省略。
如:that 或whom,which在句中作主语或宾语;在非正式文体中,作宾语的people,指人,修饰先行词In the beginning, people who bought them often got angry. (who刚开始,买的人经常会生气。
)作从句的主语。
plant,修饰先行词指物,They needed a plant which didn't need as much water as rice.(which ) 。
that可换为which作从句的主语,此处他们需要一种不像水稻那样需要大量水的作物。
)指物,在从句中作定语。
whose(这里I've bought a new dictionary whose cover is blue. 我买了一本封皮是蓝色的字典。
which,,指物时不可想当然误用,也可指“某物的”既可指“某人的”whose)1(难点:”的表达方式。
of which +n”的表达方法,也可用“the+n.+of which但可使用“ I've bought a new dictionary, the cover of which is blue. 例句:① I've bouth a new dict ionary of which the cover is blue. ②(2)Do you 如:作宾语。
whom可替换位于从句句首时,who当引导词在非正式文体中, know the boy who/whom we talked to just now? 方法二:而不能用whom介词之后只能用若指人,当介词置于从句之首时,“二看介词在何处” 。
如何选择定语从句的引导词
如何选择定语从句的引导词
选择定语从句的引导词通常需要考虑从句与主句之间的逻辑关系。
以
下是一些建议:
1.先确定引导词的功能:定语从句的引导词可以是关系代词(如who, whom, whose, which, that)或关系副词(如when, where, why)。
2.考虑从句的意义和结构:根据从句的意义和结构来选择引导词。
例如,如果从句描述人,可以使用"who"或"that"作为引导词;如果从句描
述物,可以使用"which"或"that"作为引导词。
3.注意主句与从句之间的关系:如果从句补充解释主句中的人或物,
可以使用"that"或"which"作为引导词;如果从句提供进一步的信息或限
制条件,可以使用"who"、"whom"或"whose"作为引导词。
4.注意上下文的语境:上下文的语境可以提供一些线索,选择合适的
引导词。
例如,如果主句已经提到了人的名字,可以使用"who"或"whom"
作为引导词。
5.遵循语法规则:根据英语语法规则选择合适的引导词。
例如,关系
代词"who"可以用于指代人,而关系代词"which"可以用于指代物。
需要注意的是,以上只是一些建议,具体的选择还要根据语境和需要
来决定。
学习和使用定语从句的引导词需要多多练习和积累经验。
定语从句引导词的选择与语法规则全面讲解
定语从句引导词的选择与语法规则全面讲解在英语语法中,定语从句被广泛应用于句子中,用于修饰名词或代词,并进一步展开对其进行说明或描述。
在定语从句中,引导词的选择十分重要,不同的引导词所代表的含义和语法规则也不尽相同。
本文将全面讲解定语从句引导词的选择与语法规则,以帮助读者更好地理解和运用定语从句。
一、引导词的选择1. 关系代词:关系代词用于引导定语从句,起到连接作用,并在从句中充当某一句子成分。
英语中常见的关系代词有:who, whom, whose, which, that。
- Who: Who用于修饰人,并在从句中担任主语或宾语的角色。
如:The girl who is standing over there is my sister.(那个站在那边的女孩是我妹妹。
)- Whom: Whom用于修饰人,并在从句中担任宾语的角色。
如:The man whom I met yesterday is a famous actor.(我昨天见到的那个人是一位著名的演员。
)- Whose: Whose用于表示所有关系,并在从句中修饰名词。
如:The teacher whose car was stolen called the police.(那位被盗车的教师报了警。
)- Which: Which用于修饰事物,并且在从句中充当主语、宾语或定语。
如:I finally found the book which I lost last week.(我终于找到了上周丢失的那本书。
)- That: That用于修饰人或事物,并且在从句中担任主语、宾语或定语的角色。
如:The house that we are going to visit is very old.(我们将要参观的那座房子非常古老。
)2. 关系副词:关系副词用于引导定语从句,表示时间、地点或原因,并在从句中起连接作用。
英语中常见的关系副词有:when, where, why。
定语从句引导词的选择与语法规则
定语从句引导词的选择与语法规则定语从句是英语语法中重要的一部分,用于对名词或代词进行修饰,进一步描述或限定其具体意义,并且起到使句子更加精确和丰富的作用。
在定语从句中,选择适当的引导词以及遵循相应的语法规则至关重要。
本文将从定语从句引导词的选择和语法规则两个方面进行讨论。
一、定语从句引导词的选择1. 关系代词:关系代词包括that、which、who、whom、whose、as等。
它们根据在定语从句中担当的成分和先行词所表示的意义来选择。
- that常用于修饰无生命的事物,可以替代先行词作主语、宾语、表语等。
- which常用于修饰无生命的事物,可以替代先行词作主语、宾语、表语等。
- who常用于修饰有生命的人,可以替代先行词作主语。
- whom常用于修饰有生命的人,可以替代先行词作宾语。
- whose用于修饰无生命和有生命的人,可以表示所属关系。
- as用于修饰整个句子,常用来表示“正如”、“正像”等含义。
2. 关系副词:关系副词包括where、when、why。
它们分别表示地点、时间和原因,在定语从句中起状语的作用。
- where用于修饰地点,在定语从句中充当地点状语。
- when用于修饰时间,在定语从句中充当时间状语。
- why用于修饰原因,常用于定语从句中作原因状语。
二、定语从句的语法规则1. 关系代词在定语从句中担当的角色和成分要与先行词的成分一致。
- He is the man whom I met yesterday.(主语)- The book that you borrowed is on my desk.(宾语)- This is the house which/that belongs to Peter.(表语)2. 当关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时,可以省略。
- He is the man (whom) I met yesterday.3. 当关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,不可省略。
(知识点)定语从句的引导词及使用方式
(知识点)定语从句的引导词及使用方式定语从句是英语语法中的一个重要知识点,它用来修饰和限定名词或代词。
定语从句通常由关系词引导,根据不同的语境和语气,我们可以选择不同的关系词来引导定语从句。
本文将介绍定语从句的引导词及其使用方式。
1. 引导词"that":定语从句中最常见的引导词是"that",它可以用来引导名词、代词和地点状语的从句。
例如:- The book that is on the table is mine.(引导名词从句)- The man that I met yesterday is a doctor.(引导代词从句)- This is the place that I have been dreaming about.(引导地点状语从句)2. 引导词"which":"which"用来引导非限制性定语从句,对所修饰的名词或代词进行补充解释,通常用逗号与主句分开。
例如:- I have two cats, which love to play with each other.(非限制性定语从句)3. 引导词"who":"who"通常用来引导定语从句修饰人,在从句中作主语。
例如:- The girl who is standing over there is my sister.(引导修饰人的定语从句)4. 引导词"whom":"whom"也用来引导定语从句修饰人,但在从句中作宾语。
例如:- The woman whom you met earlier is our teacher.(引导修饰人的定语从句)5. 引导词"whose":"whose"用来表示所属关系,修饰名词或代词时,表示所属关系。
高中英语知识点归纳定语从句的用法及常见引导词
高中英语知识点归纳定语从句的用法及常见引导词定语从句是高中英语语法中的一个重要部分,它能够用来修饰名词或代词。
本文将对定语从句的用法及常见引导词进行系统的归纳和总结。
一、定语从句的概念和作用定语从句由一个句子引导另一个句子,它的作用是为主句中的名词或代词提供限定信息,进一步描述或解释主句中的内容。
定语从句通常紧跟在被修饰的名词或代词之后。
二、定语从句的引导词1. 关系代词:关系代词用于引导定语从句,并在从句中充当主语、宾语或介词宾语。
常见的关系代词有:who、whom、whose、which、that等。
例如:The boy who is standing over there is my brother.(那个站在那边的男孩是我弟弟。
)2. 关系副词:关系副词用于引导定语从句,修饰地点、时间或原因等。
常见的关系副词有:where、when、why等。
例如:This is the place where we met last time.(这是上次我们见面的地方。
)三、限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句1. 限制性定语从句:限制性定语从句用来对先行词进行限定,如果去掉它,主句的意思就不完整,从句不能省略。
例如:The book that I bought yesterday is very interesting.(我昨天买的那本书非常有趣。
)2. 非限制性定语从句:非限制性定语从句用来对先行词进行补充或说明,如果去掉它,主句的意思仍然完整,从句用逗号隔开。
例如:Tom, who is my best friend, will come to my birthday party.(汤姆,我的好朋友,会来参加我的生日派对。
)四、定语从句的位置定语从句通常紧跟在被修饰的名词或代词之后,可以放在句首、句中或句末。
例如:The woman who is talking to the teacher is my mother.(正在和那个老师谈话的女人是我妈妈。
高中英语知识点归纳定语从句的引导词和用法总结
高中英语知识点归纳定语从句的引导词和用法总结定语从句是英语语法中的一种重要句型,用来修饰名词或代词。
在定语从句中,引导词起到连接从句和主句的作用。
了解和正确使用定语从句的引导词是学习英语的关键之一。
本文将对定语从句的引导词和用法进行总结。
一、引导词的分类及用法1. 关系代词关系代词有who, whom, whose, which和that。
它们在定语从句中引导并充当从句的主语、宾语或所有格。
具体用法如下:- who用于指人,并在从句中作主语:The girl who is wearing a red dress is my sister. (穿着红色连衣裙的那个女孩是我姐姐。
)- whom用于指人,并在从句中作宾语:I saw the boy whom you met yesterday. (我看到了你昨天见过的那个男孩。
)- whose用于指人或物,并在从句中表示所有关系:The book whose cover is torn belongs to me. (书的封面破了的那本是我的。
)- which用于指物,并在从句中作主语或宾语:This is the car which I bought last week. (这是我上周买的那辆车。
)- that既可指人又可指物,具体用法根据上下文决定:The shirt that I bought is too small for me. (我买的那件衬衫对我来说太小了。
)2. 关系副词关系副词有where、when和why。
它们在定语从句中引导,并分别表示地点、时间和原因。
具体用法如下:- where表示地点:This is the school where I studied last year. (这是我去年上学的学校。
)- when表示时间:I still remember the day when we first met. (我仍然记得我们第一次见面的那天。
高中英语知识点归纳定语从句的引导词和句型
高中英语知识点归纳定语从句的引导词和句型定语从句是高中英语中非常重要的语法知识点之一。
在句子中,定语从句用于修饰名词或代词,进一步说明或限定其前面的名词或代词。
在定语从句中,引导词起到连接主句和从句的作用。
熟练掌握定语从句的引导词和句型对于理解和运用英语句子的结构非常关键。
下面将对定语从句的引导词和句型进行归纳:一、引导定语从句的关系代词:1. 关系代词“that”:- 用于修饰人和物,常出现在被修饰词前面。
- 在非限制性定语从句中,通常用“which”代替。
2. 关系代词“which”:- 用于修饰物,常出现在被修饰词前面。
- 在非限制性定语从句中,通常用“which”代替。
3. 关系代词“who”:- 用于修饰人,在从句中作主语,出现在被修饰词前面。
- 在非限制性定语从句中,通常用“whom”代替。
4. 关系代词“whom”:- 用于修饰人,在从句中作宾语,出现在被修饰词前面。
- 在非限制性定语从句中,通常用“who”代替。
5. 关系代词“whose”:- 用于修饰人和物,表示所属关系。
二、引导定语从句的关系副词:1. 关系副词“where”:- 用于修饰地点,在从句中作地点状语。
- 在非限制性定语从句中,通常用“in/at which”代替。
2. 关系副词“when”:- 用于修饰时间,在从句中作时间状语。
- 在非限制性定语从句中,通常用“at which”代替。
三、定语从句的句型:1. “介词+关系代词/关系副词”:- 介词可以是“in”,“on”,“with”等等,关系代词或关系副词用来引导定语从句。
2. “先行词+关系代词+不定式”:- 先行词常为不定代词,如“something”,“anything”,“nothing”等等,关系代词用来引导定语从句。
3. “as”的使用:- 当先行词是“such”,“the same”,“so”等修饰词时,可以用“as”作为关系词引导定语从句。
以上是定语从句的引导词和句型的归纳总结。
定语从句的引导词与关系代词的选择总结
定语从句的引导词与关系代词的选择总结定语从句是英语句子结构中常见的修饰手段,用来对一个名词或代词进行进一步的修饰、限定或说明。
在定语从句的构成中,引导词和关系代词的选择起着至关重要的作用。
本文将总结定语从句的引导词与关系代词的选择,并提供一些使用时需要注意的要点。
一、定语从句的引导词选择1. 关系代词"that"的使用采用"that"引导的定语从句在语法上较为宽松,通常用于修饰指人或指物的名词,且该名词是不可数名词或被the修饰的可数名词单数形式。
例句:- The book that I bought yesterday is very interesting.- The coffee that I had this morning was too bitter.2. 关系代词"which"的使用"which"常用来引导修饰指物的定语从句,并且在从句中作为主语或宾语。
例句:- He showed me his new car, which is very expensive.- The movie, which was released last month, has received great reviews.3. 关系代词"who"的使用"who"常用来引导修饰指人的定语从句,并且在从句中作为主语。
例句:- The woman who is sitting over there is my neighbor.- The students who scored the highest marks will receive a special award.4. 关系代词"whose"的使用"whose"常用来引导修饰指人或指物的定语从句,并且表示所属关系。
高中英语知识点归纳定语从句的引导词与结构技巧
高中英语知识点归纳定语从句的引导词与结构技巧定语从句是高中英语中重要的语法知识点之一。
它在句子中作为定语修饰名词或代词,起到进一步限定或说明的作用。
定语从句的引导词和结构技巧是我们学习和运用定语从句的关键。
下面是对定语从句的引导词和结构技巧的归纳总结。
一、引导词的归纳1. 关系代词关系代词是定语从句中最常用的引导词。
主要有:who, whom, whose, which 和 that。
它们用来连接定语从句和名词或代词。
2. 关系副词关系副词是定语从句中较少使用的引导词。
主要有:when, where 和 why。
它们用来连接定语从句和表示时间、地点和原因的名词或代词。
二、引导词的用法讲解1. 关系代词 who 和 whomwho 和 whom 引导的定语从句用来修饰人。
其区别在于:who 在从句中作主语,而 whom 在从句中作宾语。
2. 关系代词 whosewhose 引导的定语从句用来修饰人或物,表示所属关系。
3. 关系代词 whichwhich 引导的定语从句用来修饰物,表示特指或泛指。
4. 关系代词 thatthat 引导的定语从句用来修饰人或物,可以替代 who, whom 和which,无论是特指还是泛指。
5. 关系副词 whenwhen 引导的定语从句用来修饰表示时间的名词或代词。
6. 关系副词 wherewhere 引导的定语从句用来修饰表示地点的名词或代词。
7. 关系副词 whywhy 引导的定语从句用来修饰表示原因的名词或代词。
三、结构技巧的归纳1. 省略关系代词/关系副词当定语从句的引导词在从句中作宾语并且被省略时,可以省略关系代词/关系副词,直接用宾语补足语来连接定语从句。
2. 定语从句放在先行词之后为了避免重复或强调先行词,在口语和书面语中,定语从句可以放在先行词之后。
3. 非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句用逗号与主句隔开,起补充说明的作用。
在非限制性定语从句中,只能使用关系代词 who, whom, whose, which 和关系副词 when, where, why 进行引导,不使用 that。
高中英语定语从句详解
定语从句/2018版一,什么是定从?跟在名词或代词后面(位置),起修饰作用的句子(作用),译为“…的”。
二,定从两步走?1,找先行词,找从句(从引导词到句完或到第二个谓语动词前)。
2,把先行词代入从句,判断在从句中作什么成分,选择相应的引导词。
三,引导词有哪些?如何选引导词?引导词:关系代词:who, whom, which, that, whose, as关系副词:when, where, why1.先行词是sb, 在从句中作主语:who, that. / 在从句中作宾语:who,whom, that, 不填。
2.先行词是sth, 在从句中作主语:which, that. / 在从句中作宾语:which, that, 不填。
3.先行词是time, 在从句中作时间状语:用when 或介词+which. / 在从句中做主语或宾语,同2.4.先行词是place,在从句中作地点状语,用where 或介词+which. / 在从句中做主语或宾语,同2.5.先行词是reason, 在从句中作原因状语,用why 或 for which. / 在从句中做主语或宾语,同2.6.先行词和引导词后的名词构成所有格时:用whose.(可指人和物)7.As的用法:用于几个特殊句式,表“正如”:as we all know, as you cansee, as you can imagine, as we planned,等等。
8.先行词是way有三种引导方式:way in which/that/不填…9.Such…as…定从句型:(如此…正如…)四,限制性和非限制性定从有什么区别?1.非限定性定从:引导词前有逗号,限定性定从没有逗号。
2.非限定性定从(有逗号):不能用that 引导。
3.非限定性定从:引导词可指代先行词,也可指整个主句(翻译成“这…”);限定性定从:引导词只能指代先行词。
五,只能用which/who或只能用that的情况:1.用that不用which/whoa.不定代(当先行词是all, much, little, few, something, anything,everything, nothing, everything等不定代词或被不定代词修饰的时候)b.被修饰(当先行词被the first, the greatest, the only, the very修饰时)c.含人&物(当先行词既含人,又含物的时候)d.作表语(当先行词在从句中作表语时)e.Who/which开头2.用which/who不用thata.有逗号,没that(非限)b.有介词,没that(介词+which / who)28.Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle.29.The coat that I put on the desk is blue.30.The building which stands near the train station is a supermarket.28. The film which we saw last night was wonderful.29. The girl who often helps me with my English is from England.30.He is the famous teacher whom Li Ming is talking to.31.Do you remember the old man and the dogs that we met last week?引导词是关系副词:(when)1.I can well remember there was a time when a deep blue sky, the song of the birds, moonlight and flowers could never kept me spellbound.2.I can well remember the first day when I went to college.3.The days when people rode horses for travelling were gone.4.Do you know the day when your mother was born?5.The mid-term examinations will happen in November when the weather will be colder.6.I shall never forget the days when(on which)we worked on the farm.7.By the time when you arrived in London, we had stayed there for two weeks.(where)1.Baoji is the place where (in which) I was born.2.I love Xi’an where I work.3.Is this the reason why (for which) he refused our offer?4.I still remember the place where I met her for the first time.7.He got into a situation where it is hard to decide what is right and wrong.8.There is no such dictionary where/ in which you can find everything. (抽象地点名词:situation, point, career, activity等)9.Teaching is a kind of career where you can have fun with kids.10.It’s helpful to put children in a situation where they can see themselves differently.11.Those successful deaf dancers think dancing is an activity where sight matters more than hearing.(why)12.Can you tell me the reason why (for which) the car broke down.13.We don’t know the reason why he didn’t show up.(对比)14.This is the town which I wanted to visit most.15.This is the town where I was born.16.I will never forget the days when we shared all the ups and downs in life.17.I will never forget the days which I spent at college.18.I want to know the reason why you are so smart.19.I don’t believe the reason that you gave me yesterday.非限定性定从:20.The house, which was built last year, looks beautiful.21.He watched too much TV, which made his mom angry.22.People get nervous when they speak in public, which is understandable.23.Our class won the competition in the competition, which made us excited.介词+引导词24.I have many students to whom I am going to send postcards.25.She has two daughters, both of whom are doctors.只用that的情况:26.I have done all the work that he told me to do.27.I did nothing that might hurt you.28.Chatting was the only thing that interested her most.29.This is the best film that I’ve ever seen.30.I’ll never forget the first English song that I’ve learned.31.Who is the person that is standing at the gate?32.She took photographs of the things and people that she was interested in.用who/which不用that的情况:33.Football, which is a very interesting game, is played in many countries.34.I’m looking for a container in which I can put all the coins.定从与强调句型的区别:35.It is the island where they spent 10 years.(定从:去掉It is…where…后,句子不完整。
如何选择定语从句的引导词
如何选择定语从句的引导词 引导语:选择定语从句的引导词是定语从句的难点。
以下⼝诀可帮助们化难为易。
⼀看指⼈还是物,⼆看介词在何处;三看句中作何⽤,四看是否属特殊。
下⾯是店铺为你带来的如何选择定语从句的引导词,希望对你有所帮助。
现将四句⼝诀分述如下: “⼀看指⼈还是物”:指⼈时⽤who,whom;whose和that既可指⼈⼜可指物;which只能指物。
that和which在句中作主语或宾语;在⾮正式⽂体中,作宾语的whom,which或that可省略。
【⾼考链接】 The old town has narrow streets and small houses _____ are built close to each other.A. theyB. whereC. whatD. that 答案:D。
解析:分析句⼦结构可知,空格处及后⾯部分为定语从句,先⾏词small houses为物,故⽤that引导定语从句,that在定语从句中作主语。
“⼆看介词在何处”:介词置于从句之⾸还是置于从句的地⽅,引导词的使⽤有区别。
当介词置于从句之⾸时,若指⼈,介词之后只能⽤whom ⽽不能⽤who和that;若指物,则只能⽤which⽽不能⽤that。
【经典例析】 试⽐较以下两句: 1. Do you know the woman with whom I shook hands at the school gate? 2. Do you know the woman whom I shook hands with at the school gate? 第⼀句中介词with置于定语从句之⾸,其后的whom不可以替换成who或that,也不能省略;第⼆句中的'引导词whom作介词with的宾语,可替换为who或that,也可省略。
“三看句中作何⽤”:如何选⽤定语从句中的引导词,关键是要看引导词在从句中充当成分。
高中英语新人教版精品教案《定语从句之引导词的选择》
语法学习一直是学生学习的难点,学生一直不会划分句子成分,到了高三,依然分不清定语这个概念,更别提划分从句当中的缺少成分,加上很多学生平时更多的只注重词汇的学习,语法根底很薄弱,不愿意去思考,造成一见到语法就头疼的状况。
难点教学方法
1.通过简单的“代入法〞这个方法解决划分句子成分的问题。
〔2〕Soon we got to the factor ______ to were made
4.讲解具体解题方法
代入法:
第一步,找先行词
第二部,找定语从句
第三部,把先行词代入到定语从句当中。
结论一,可以代入的,用关系代词,再看先行词是人?用that/who/whom宾语
先行词是物?用which/that
〔2〕The man ______ i a bet friend
7.18-19年高考试题中定语从句的考题解题,验证方法。
直接快速找到先行词和定语从句,把代入的句子读出来。让学生体会这个方法在高考试题中的运用。
课堂练习
〔难点稳固〕
年全国高考卷2卷和3卷中考察定语从句的考点练习。让学生独立完成后核对答案。
9“代入法〞方法运用外的几个考前须知:
的情况
〔1〕、领先行词被形容词的最高级所修饰
〔2、领先行词被序数词修饰
〔3、领先行词被the on, the ver等修饰
〔4、领先行词为不定代词时或被不定代词修饰时
〔5、领先行词既指人又指物时
的情况:非限制性定语从句中。
C在非限制性定语从句中,which可以指代前面整句话的内容,翻译成“这〞。
,oint,ot等,可以用where引导。
引导定语从句的情况
小结
通过定语从句的定义,三要素入手,再根据其定义挖掘出三要素,运用“代入法〞,破解定语从句中引导词选择的难点,使学生不用为不会分解句子的“主谓宾定状补〞而苦恼,最后鼓励学生课下经过大量的练习和稳固,很快就会掌握定语从句的用法。
如何选择定语从句的引导词
如何选择定语从句的引导词张卫华; 张秀玲【期刊名称】《《山西教育:高中文科版》》【年(卷),期】2005(000)006【摘要】纵观历年高考试题,对定语从句的考查多数集中在引导词的选用上。
那么,如何选用正确的引导词,就成了同学们备战高考的关键所在。
下面就谈谈如何选用正确的引导词。
定语从句的引导词有两类:关系代词和关系副词。
关系代词有:who,whom,whose,which,that,as等。
关系副词有:when,where,why等。
关系代词在所引导的从句中代替先行词充当主语、宾语或表语;关系副词在定语从句中作状语。
一、定语从句引导词的选择选择定语从句的引导词时,同学们要切记一点:引导词的选择与先行词有一定的关系,但对选择起决定作用的不是先行词本身,而是先行词在定语从句中所充当的成分。
因此,同学们在解题时可按以下步骤来确定并选用正确的引导词。
【例如】完成句子:1)This is the factory_____we visited the other day.2)This is the factory____m y m other used to work.答案:1)which/that/-2)where解题步骤如下:1.划分句子成分,确定出正确的主句和从句。
以上两句中的主句均为:This is the factory。
其中the ...【总页数】3页(P)【作者】张卫华; 张秀玲【作者单位】【正文语种】中文【中图分类】G63【相关文献】1.定语从句的先行词与引导词 [J], 刘晶2.非限制性定语从句选择引导词的五个“不能” [J], 刘善仁;王桂花3.浅析定语从句引导词的选择 [J], 李晓慧;陈碧圆4.先行词与定语从句的引导词 [J], 彭丹;5.如何选择定语从句的引导词 [J], 张卫华;张秀玲因版权原因,仅展示原文概要,查看原文内容请购买。
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如何选择定语从句的引导词*限制性定语从句限制性定语从句修饰先行词,对先行词起修饰作用,紧接先行词之后,无逗号,若省去,原句意思不完整。
引导定语从句的关系代词有who,whom,whose,which,that等。
who,whom,whose用于指人,whose有时也可指物,相当于of which;which用于指物;that 既可指人也可指物,但只用于限制性定语从句中。
关系代词除了引导定语从句,替代先行词外,还在从句中担任主语、宾语、定语等。
*非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句既可修饰先行词,也可修饰整个主句,起补充说明作用,与主句之间有逗号隔开,若省去,原句意思不受影响。
不可用that引导非限制性定语从句。
关系词不可省略。
一、定语从句的引导词有关系代词who,whom,whose,which,that,as;关系副词when,where,why。
定语从句中引导词的选用主要看先行词在定语从句中作什么成分或者是定语从句中缺什么成分。
1.定语从句中缺主语,修饰人时用who /that,修饰物时用which /that引导。
如:Is this the factory which /that makes TV sets?The man who /that visited our school is from Australia.2.从句中缺宾语,修饰人时用who /whom /that或省略引导词;修饰物时用which /that或省略引导词。
如:Gone are the days which /that we spent together in the village.He is the man who /whom /that I think to be worthy of our praise.3.从句中缺时间状语,用when或介词+which引导。
如:The day finally came when /on which I was given a job.We'll put off the outing until next week,when we won't be so busy.4.从句中缺地点状语,用where或介词+which引导。
如:Please put the letter on the desk where /on which he can easily find it.5.从句中缺原因状语或先行词是reason时,引导词用why /for which /that。
如:This is the reason why /for which /that he didn't come to the meeting.6.从句中缺定语,人和物都用whose引导。
如:A child whose parents are dead is called an orphan.Please pass me the dictionary whose cover is black.7.当先行词是way时,其定语从句的引导词用in which /that。
如:The way in which /that he looks at problems is wrong.二、引导词as可引导限制性定语从句,也可引导非限制性定语从句。
1.在固定词组the same...as,such...as中,as引导限制性定语从句。
如:He is not such a fool as he looks.I've bought the same dress as she is wearing.2.当先行词是整个主句时,可用as /which引导非限制性定语从句。
引导词as和which 的区别在于:①as引导的非限制性定语从句可放于主句前、主句中、主句后,而which引导的非限制性定语从句一般放于主句后或句中。
②as常与从句中的know,see,hear,expect等动词连用,也常用于as often happens,as is often the case(常有的事)等句子中;而which一般不用于以上情况。
③as有“正如”的含义,which没有此含义。
如:As is well known,Shanghai is a big city.Some of the roads were flooded,which made our journey more difficult.三、关系代词who,whom,whose,which和as能引导非限制性定语从句,而that不能;非限制性定语从句中即使缺宾语,引导词也不能省略;关系副词when,where能引导非限制性定语从句,而why不能。
如:Abraham Lincoln,who led the United States through the Civil War years,was shot on April 14,1865.四、先行词是物时,其引导词可用which也可用that,通常情况下二者可互换,但在有些情况下不能。
1.用which不用that引导定语从句的三种情况:①非限制性定语从句用which,不用that引导。
如:Football,which is a very interesting game,is played all over the world.②先行词为that时,为了避免重复,定语从句用which不用that引导。
如:That which you borrowed from me wasn't a real diamond necklace.③介词后用which不用that引导。
如:The method with which you solved the problem is very good.2.用that不用which的七种情况:①先行词前有形容词最高级或序数词修饰时,用that不用which引导。
如:This is the best place that I have ever visited.The second question that is asked is why we don't fall off the earth.②先行词为little,much,all,none,few,(the)one,something,everything,nothing,anything等不定代词时,用that引导。
如:There is nothing in the world that can frighten him.③先行词既有指人的名词又有指物的名词时,用that引导。
如:He told us about the people and the cities that he had visited.④先行词前有any,all,no,few,every,some,little,much,(the)very,(the)only,(the)last等词修饰时,用that引导。
如:This is the very coat that I need.Is oxygen the only gas that helps fire burn?⑤先行词为which时,为了避免重复,用that引导。
如:Which is the book that you bought yesterday?⑥先行词在从句中作表语时,常用that引导。
如:Shanghai is no longer the city that it used to be in the 1930's.⑦当主句是There be...句型时,用that引导。
There are two tickets for the film that are for you two.五、在“one of+复数名词+定语从句”结构中,从句的谓语动词应与复数名词保持一致;当one前有the only修饰时,从句的谓语动词应与the only one保持一致。
如:He was one of the students who were late for class.He was the only one of the students who was late for class.六、引导词前有介词或短语介词时,修饰人只能用whom,修饰物只能用which引导。
如:My glasses,without which I was like a blind man,fell to the ground and broke.The man,by whom the wolf was shot,is called Jackson.who(主格)先行词指人,在定语从句中作主语。
Whom(宾语)先行词指人,定语从句中作宾语。
例句:Is he the man who wants to see you?He is the man (whom)I saw in the reading room yesterday。
(whom作宾语时可省略)whose 先行词指人或指物,且只作定语,若指物,可与of which互换。
例句:That is a book whose cover(of which the cover)is red。
which 先行词指物,在从句中可作主语,宾语。
例句:The bag which is on the desk is mine.4. that 几乎是万能胶……能代替上述3个引导词,可做主语,宾语。
在此不再举例.that的特殊用法:A There be句型中用that不用whichB 在不定代词(something,anything,all,few,any等)后用that,不用which(something后也可用which)C 先行词有all,every,some,any,only,few或序数词,形容词最高级修饰时,只用thatD 先行词既指人又指物时,用thatE 先行词被the only,the very,the last修饰时,用thatF 避免关联词重复,用thatG 用作关系副词,修饰表示时间的名词(day ,time ,moment……)that可替代when5.when,where,why的先行词是指时间地点和理由的名词,先行词在从句中做状语.能与介词+ which互换.54. The Beatles, __________ many of you are old enough to remember, came from Liverpool. (2006天津卷)A. whatB. thatC. howD. as55. The owner of the cinema needed to make a lot of improvements and employ more people to keep it running, __________ meant spending tens of thousands of pounds. (2006江苏卷)A. whoB. thatC. asD. which56. Women __________ drink more than two cups of coffee a day have a greater chance of having heart disease than those __________ don’t. (2006北京卷)A. who; 不填B. 不填; whoC. who; whoD. 不填; 不填57. Look out! Don’t get too close to the house __________ roof is under repair. (2006福建卷)A. whoseB. whichC. of whichD. what58. We saw several natives advancing towards our party, and one of them came up to us, __________ we gave some bells and glasses. (2006湖南卷)A. to whichB. to whomC. with whomD. with which59. I was told that there were about 50 foreign students __________ Chinese in the school, most __________were from Germany. (2006辽宁卷)A. study; of whomB. study; of themC. studying; of themD. studying; of whom60. We’re just trying to reach a point __________ both sides will sit down together and talk. (2006山东卷)A. whereB. thatC. whenD. which61. She was educated at Beijing University, __________ she went on to have her advanced study abroad. (2006陕西卷)A. after whichB. from whichC. from thatD. after that62. I was given three books on cooking, the first __________ I really enjoyed. (2006浙江卷)A. of thatB. of whichC. thatD. which63. I saw a woman running toward me in the dark. Before I could recognize who she was, she had run back in the direction __________ she had come. (2006重庆卷)A. of whichB. by whichC. in whichD. from which64. You can find whatever you need at the shopping centre, __________ is always busy at the weekend. (2006上海卷)A. thatB. whereC. whatD. which65. Do you have anything to say for yourselves?—Yes, there’s one point __________ we must insist on. (2006江西卷)A. whyB. whereC. howD. /66. Last week, only two people came to look at the house, __________ wanted to buy it. (2007安徽卷)A. none of themB. both of themC. none of whomD. neither of whom67. We shouldn’t spent our money testing so many people, most of __________ are healthy. (2007北京卷)A. thatB. whichC. whatD. whom68. The village has developed a lot __________ we learned farming two years ago. (2007福建卷)A. whenB. whichC. thatD. where69. By serving others, a person focuses on someone other than himself or herself,__________ can be very eye-opening and rewarding. (2007湖南卷)A. whoB. whichC. whatD. that70. He was educated at the local high school, __________ he went on to Beijing University. (2007江苏卷)A. after whichB. after thatC. in whichD. in that71. After graduation she reached a point in her career __________ she had to decide what to do. (2007江西卷)A. thatB. whatC. whichD. where72. Some pre-school children go to a day-care center, __________ they learn simple games and songs. (2007全国I)A. thenB. thereC. whileD. where73. —Where did you get to know her?—It was on the farm __________ we worked. (2007山东卷)A. thatB. thereC. whichD. where74. The book was written in 1946, __________ the education system has witnessed great charges. (2007山东卷)A. whenB. during whichC. since thenD. since when75. Today, we’ll discuss a number of cases __________ beginners of English fail to use the language properly. (2007陕西卷)A. whichB. asC. whyD. where76. It is reported that two schools, __________ are being built in my hometown, will open next year. (2007四川卷)A. they bothB. which bothC. both of themD. both of which77. Those successful deaf dancers think that dancing is an activity __________ sight matters more than hearing. (2007天津卷)A. whenB. whoseC. whichD. where78. Chan’s restaurant on Baker Street, __________ used to be poorly run, is now a successful business. (2007浙江卷)A. thatB. whichC. whoD. where79. Human facial expressions differ from those of animals in the degree __________ they can be controlled on purpose. (2007重庆卷)A. with whichB. to whichC. of whichD. for which【答案与详解】1—53 (略)54. D。