上海英语高级口译资格证书第一阶段考试

SECTION 4: LISTENING TEST (30 minutes)Part A: Note-taking and Gap-fillingDirections: In this part of the test you will hear a short talk. You will hear the talk only once. While listening to the talk, you may take notes no the important points so that you can have enough information to complete a gap filling task on a separate ANSWER BOOKLET. Youare required to write ONE word or figure only in each lank. You will not get your ANSWER BOOKLET until after you have listened to the talk.Advertising is important to companies because no company can make a ________(1) onany product unless it advertises it first in the ____________(2). There are three categories of media: print, broadcast and __________(3). The print media consist of newspapers and________(4). Newspaper ads can reach large numbers of people, but they are not very___________(5) or glamorous. Magazine advertisement allows a business to direct its ads to the people who are most ___________(6) in the product, but it can be very expensive. The broadcast media include __________(7) and television. Of all the media, television is the most dramatic. so television ads are easy to __________(8).What's more, almost everybody watches TV, and most TV programmes are broadcast_______(9). TV ads are viewed by millions of people all over the country. TV advertisement is enormously ___________(10).The most common direct medium is the __________(11). The advantage is that the ad goes directly in the ___________(12) customer's hands. But these ads are often calle d “________(13) mail”, and are thrown away without being ___________(14).Another direct medium is _____________(15), those huge signs on the street. The messageon billboards is ____________(16), but it has to be very _________(17). The third type of direct medium is signs and ____________(18), which are usually used in point of purchase advertising and can be found in ______________(19) and shop windows. The advantage is that they are______________(20).Part B: Listening and TranslationⅠSentence TranslationDirections: In this part of the test, you will hear 5 English sentences. You will hear the sentences only once. After you have heard each sentence, translate it into Chinese and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.(1)___________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ (2)___________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ (3)___________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ (4)___________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ (5)___________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ Ⅱ. Passage TranslationDirections: In this part of the test, you will hear 2 English passages. You will hear the passages only once. After you have heard each passage, translate it into Chinese and write you version inthe corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET. You may take notes while you are listening.(1)___________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _________(2)___________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _________SECTION 5: READING TEST (30 minutes)Directions: Read the following passages and then answer INCOMPLETE SENTENCES the questions which follow each passage. Use only information from the passage you have just read and write your answer in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.Questions 1～3A “Campaign for Real Braille” has been set up after pl ans to introduce capital letters intothe braille alphabet have split the blind community.The Braille Authority of the United Kingdom (BAUK) has announced that by 2000it is introducing capital letters into a code which has previously only used lower-case characters. Supporters say that it is necessary because of the increasing use of capitals as abbreviations,as well as their use in e-mail addresses. It will also bring the UK in line with otherEnglish-speaking countries.But opponents, such as Sara Morgan, the 25-year-old founder of the campaign, argue it will push up costs and make books more cumbersome. “There aren't many industries where they actively make costs go up,” she said. “What I think in particularly ironic, though, is the factthis is going to come in at the same time as the Disability Discrimination Act. So, just as we're asking restaurants to provide braille menus we're making it more expensive to do so.”Braille, devised by Louis Braille in the 19th century is based upon a system of six raiseddots arranged to represent each character in the alphabet and several short-form words. Around 12,000 people use braille in this country.BAUK said that it took the decision to go-ahead with plans to introduce capitals after a questionnaire completed by 1,200 braille readers showed that a majority was in favour of change.The secretary of BAUK, Stephen Phippen, said: “The reason the decision was made wason the basis of the questionnaire, answered by individual members, not on what BAUK thought.”Overall 46 per cent of people were in favour of introducing a capital letter sign wherever a capital letter appears in print and just under 30 per cent were against. Among the respondents classing themselves as visually impaired (those who have some ability to read by sight) it was more popular compared to those who can read braille only by touch.Ms Morgan said the figures showed “there wasn't even a majority”. But Mr. Phippen said:“Those in favour were more or less 50 per cent. Those against were roughly half that. So twice as many people are in favour as against.”A spokesman for the National Library for the Blind said a survey done by it in 1994/5found readers were not in favour. The results of the BAUK survey however convinced them, and a spokesman said the y would implement the change.“We recognise there are advantages and disadvantages and we shall be working with our readers to help them understand how this symbol will operate,” he said.The introduction of capital letters is projected to take place by the end of 1999.“There are pros and cons,” admits Mr. Phippen. “But it should be noted that we are theonly English speaking country which has not yet introduced capital letters and of all the other countries which have not one has regretted it and tried to move back.”However Ms Morgan added: “We are determined to fight it all the way. They have got tostop trampling over people's rights.”1. Give a brief introduction of Braille system.2. What is the major issue discussed in the passage?3. what can be learned from Mr. Phippen's talk?Questions 4～6Modern woman may be better educated, have a better job and earn more money than her grandmother ever dream of, but in one way he life remains the same—eight out of ten women still do the household chores.Only 1 per cent of men say they do the washing and ironing or decide what to have for dinner. The only area where average man is more likely to help out is with small repairs around the house.The report Social Focus on Women and Men, by the Office for National Statistics, foundthat attitudes to women working have changed drastically over the past decade. Whereas in 1987 more than half of men and 40 per cent of women agreed with the statement, “A husband's job is to earn the money, a wife's job is to look after th e home and family”, that view had halved among both sexes by 1994.The numbers agreeing strongly with the statement, “A job is all right but what mostwomen really want is a home and children”, had also halved from 15 pre cent to 7 per cent of men feeling that way and 12 per cent to5 per cent of women.Women's increased participation in the world of work has been one of the most striking features of recent decades. Nearly half of all women aged 55 to 59 have no qualifications. But their granddaughters are outperforming their male peers across the board, and from1989overtook boys at A-levels.Gender stereotypes persist at this level of education, however, with more than three-fifths of English entrants being female, wile a similar proportion of maths entrants are male. A greater number of boys take physics and chemistry whereas girls predominate in social sciences and history.The explosion in higher education means there was a 66 per cent increase in number offemale undergraduates and a 50 per cent increase in the number of male undergraduates between 1990-91 and 1995-96.Women are also making breakthroughs in specific are4as of employment. Women nowform a slight majority among new solicitors although they make up only one-third of all solicitors. Since 1984 the number of women in work has risen by 20 per cent to 10.5 million. But when it comes to pay, they still lag behind their male peers. Women earn on average 80per of what men do per hour. They are also far more likely to work part-time or with temporary contracts.Part of the reason for this is because women still take the main role in childcare, althoughthey are more likely to work than in the past. The number of mothers with children under five doubled between 1973 and 1996. And the number of women who return to work within nine to eleven months of the birth increased dramatically. In 1974, only 24 per cent of women returned in this period compared with 67 per cent in 1996.The relationship between the sexes has also seen changes. Seven in ten first marriages arenow preceded by cohabitation compared with only one in twenty first marriages in themid-1960s. Since 1992 women in their early thirties have been more likely to give birth than those in their early twenties, although the fertility rate is still highest among those aged 25 to 29.4. What is the theme of the passage?5. What are gender stereotypes? List the gender stereotypes at the level of higher education discussed in the passage.6. What are the major changes concerning the status of women in Britain?Questions 7～10A new form of cloning to provide every baby with an embryonic “twin”, from which spare body parts could be grown and life threatening diseases treated is expected to be approved within weeks by senior government advisers on medical ethics.If their report is accepted by ministers, it would mean that Britain—which 20 years ago pioneered the test tube baby and last year produced Dolly, the world's first cloned mammal—could be the first to clone a human embryo.A working party from the Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority (HFEA) and the Human Genetics Advisory Commission is expected to come down firmly against reproductive cloning, the process of replicating a living human being. It is expected to recommend government support of so called stem cells, stem cells, are extracted and used to grow spare parts, treat diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's or address the debilitating effects of cancer, strokes and heart attacks.Dr. Austin Smith, the scientist likely to be granted the first licence for the work, said thatwithin the next 12 years it would be routine for every baby to have an embryonic clone.“All it takes now is financial investment,” said Smith, director of Edinburgh University's centre for genome research. The crucial discovery of embryonic stem cells, from which skin, bone. muscles, nerves and vital organs grow, was made earlier this month by scientists in America.In a submission to the HFEA, Smith said that in order to isolate these cells it is only necessary for the embryo to develop in the laboratory for six days, well within the 14-day limit of current regulation.The cells would then be grown and manipulated to make anything from blood or brain cellsto tissue for repairing damaged organs and, ultimately, parts that could be transplanted without fear of the host body rejecting them.The development is likely to meet strong opposition from the church. Dr. Donald Bruce, creating an embryo in the knowledge that it would then be destroyed was “very disturbing” to most people.Father Paul Murray, secretary to the Catholic bishops joint bio-ethics committee, said that whatever the potential benefits, it should be regarded as “intrinsically evil” because the research depended on the use of foetal material.However, Professor Christine Gosden, professor of genetic medicine at Liverpool University, one of the four senior government advisers on the cloning sub-committee, said there would be no opportunity for abuse.For many years, patients with Parkinson's disease who did not respond to drugs have been treated with brain cells extracted from aborted foetuses, a practice approved by a committee led by the Rev Dr. John Polkinghorne, the prominent ethicist.Gosden said the arguments for the use of aborted foetal cells and therapeutic cloning were similar: “Before you have a disease, it is easy to say, ‘I would not use cells derived from a foetus’, but if you suffer from that disease, and that is your only hope, your approach can be quite different.”7. What is the new form of cloning discussed in the passage? What is the purpose of such cloning?8. Summarise the different views on baby cloning discussed in the passage.9. Explain the statement “All it takes now is financial investment.” (para.6)10. What is the significance of the discovery of embryonic stem cells?SECTION 6: TRANSLATION TEST (30 minutes)Directions: Translate the following passage into English and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.十月的上海，阳光明媚，秋高气爽，来自35 个国家和地区的1300余名比赛选手参加了在沪举行的本世纪最后一届世界中学生运动会。