定语从句讲解(关系副词 及其它)

合集下载

最全的定语从句讲解

最全的定语从句讲解

1. Handsome boys=the boys who are handsomeBeautiful flowers=the flowers which are beautiful2.定义定语从句(Attributive Clauses):由关系词(关系代词或关系副词)引导的从句,其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个名词和代词,相当于形容词,所以又称为形容词性从句,一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。

被修饰的名词,词组或代词叫做先行词。

关系词常有3个作用:①引导定语从句。

②代替先行词。

③在定语从句中担当一个成分。

3.分类定语从句:限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句4.关系词以及基本用法1)介词后面的关系词不能省略。

2)that前不能有介词。

3)某些在从句中充当时间,地点或原因状语的"介词+关系词"结构可以同关系副词when 和where 互换。

例如:This is the house in which I lived two years ago. 这是我两年前住过的房子。

This is the house where I lived two years ago.Do you remember the day on which you joined our club?还记得你加入我们俱乐部的那一天吗?Do you remember the day when you joined our club?5. whom在定语从句中只指人,做宾语,可用who或that代替,但后边的介词提前时,只用whom,也可以省略,例如:Do you know the man (whom/who/that) the teacher is talking to?= Do you know the man to whom the teacher is talking?She is the person (whom/who/that) you should turn to for help.= She is the person to whom you should turn for help6. Whose 用来指人或物,(只用作定语, 若指物,它还可以同of which互换)(1) They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 那人车坏了,大家都跑过去帮忙。

定语从句关系副词的详细讲解及练习

定语从句关系副词的详细讲解及练习

定语从句关系副词的详细讲解及练习定语从句是英语中一种常见的从句类型,用来修饰名词或代词,并且通过关系词引导定语从句与主句连接起来。

在定语从句中,关系副词用来引导从句,并且在从句中充当副词的作用。

本文将详细讲解定语从句关系副词的用法,并提供相应的练。

关系副词的用法关系副词在定语从句中常用来引导时间、地点、原因、方式等从句,用于描述被修饰名词或代词的具体情况或背景。

以下是常见的关系副词及其用法:1. when:表示时间,相当于介词+时间点或时间段。

例如:when:表示时间,相当于介词+时间点或时间段。

例如:- The day when we met was unforgettable.(我们相识的那一天是难忘的。

)- She still remembers the summer when she traveled to Europe.(她仍然记得她去欧洲旅行的那个夏天。

)2. where:表示地点,相当于介词+地点。

例如:where:表示地点,相当于介词+地点。

例如:- This is the house where I used to live.(这是我曾经住过的房子。

)- I love the city where I was born.(我爱我出生的那座城市。

)3. why:表示原因,相当于介词+原因。

例如:why:表示原因,相当于介词+原因。

例如:- That's the reason why she quit her job.(那就是她辞职的原因。

)4. how:表示方式,相当于介词+方式。

例如:how:表示方式,相当于介词+方式。

例如:- She showed me how to solve the math problem.(她告诉我如何解决这个数学问题。

)- I can't believe how fast he ran.(我无法相信他跑得有多快。

)练请用适当的关系副词完成以下句子,并确保定语从句与主句的关系恰当。

定语从句 关系副词的用法及定语从句用法的其他要点

定语从句 关系副词的用法及定语从句用法的其他要点

• Look over there.Some people are standing under the big tree,from where we enjoy the whole view. • 分析:where代表under the big tree这个地 方,如果用which就只能代表the big tree,这 句话的意思不是Enjoy the view from the big tree而是from under the big tree所以只 能用from • Where
• I have reached a point in my life where I am supposed to make decisions of myself. Those successful deaf dancers think that dancing is an activity where sight matters more than hearing. 四.关系代词和关系副词的比较 关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中除了其连接主 句和从句的作用外,他们换在定语从句中担当 句子成分。关系代词在定语从句中担当主语, 宾语,
• • • • • • •
is a part of China we must unify it. is 5. the idea ,which I think________( be ) Reasonable ,was brought up by Professor Li Yesterday. 6.I still remember the teachers and the school were ( be )talked of yesterday. that _______ 2.注意way/time 后接定语从句的情况

定语从句知识点归纳

定语从句知识点归纳

定语从句复习一、语法知识归纳定语从句( Attributive Clause) 句子作定语叫做定语从句。

定语从句放在先行词之后。

Ⅰ定语从句的引导词:关系代词和关系副词。

1. 关系代词(Relative pronoun)Do you still remember the chicken farm (that) we visited three months ago?I live in the house whose window faces the street. (=I live in the house the window of which faces the street.)2. 关系副词We are living in an age when many things are done on computer.Ⅱ定语从句的分类:限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。

限制性定语从句(一)限制性定语从句的基本特征:限制性定语从句对被修饰的先行词有限定制约作用,使该词的含义更具体,更明确。

限制性定语从句不能被省略,否则句意就不完整。

从句与先行词之间没有逗号。

He has two sons who work in the same company. (Perhaps he has more than two sons.)(二)限制性定语从句中关系代词的用法1. that, which当先行词指物,并且关系代词在定语从句中充当主语或宾语时,用which/that引导定语从句。

在限制性定语从句中有些情况下只能用关系代词that,不用which。

(1) 当先行词是不定代词all, much, little, something, everything, anything, nothing, none, the one时。

You should hand in all that you have.(2) 当先行词前面被the only, the very, any, few, little, no, all等词修饰时。

(完整版)定语从句讲解

(完整版)定语从句讲解

1一、定语从句概述定语可以由形容词、名词、代词、数词、分词、副词、不定式以及介词短语 等来担任,也可以由一个句子来担任。

在句子中起定语作用的从句称为定语 从句。

定语从句在句中的作用相当于形容词,故又称为形容词性从句。

被定 语从句修饰的名词叫先行词,引导定语从句的词叫关系词。

二 关系词的用法。

关系词可分为关系代词和关系副词。

关系词指代先行词,放在先行词与 定语从句之间起连接作用,同时又充当定语从句中的某一种成分(主语、宾 语、状语等)。

引导定语从句的关系代词有"at ,who ,whom ,whose ,which;关系副词有 when ,where ,why 等。

关系词在句子中的指代作用及成分如下表 1.关系代词的用法(1) who, whom 的用法二者都用于指人。

who 在定语从句中作主语、宾语;whom 在定语从句中 作宾语。

在现代英语里,有时who 也可代替whom 在从句中作宾语。

作 宾语的关系代词who ,whom 可以省略(介词后作宾语的关系代词除外)。

She was the one who did most of the talking 。

大部分时间都是她在说话。

(作主语) The boy who I know studies best in his class.我认识的那个男孩在班上学习最好。

(作宾语)I happened to meet the professor (who/whom) I got to know at a party. 我碰巧遇见了那位在一次聚会上认识的教授。

(作宾语,whom 可用who 代替) whom 在从句中作介词的宾语,且介词提到whom 前面时,不能用who 代替。

Yesterday I came across a few friends with whom I went to the park .昨天 我碰见了几个朋友,我和他们一起去了公园。

定语从句详解

定语从句详解

定语从句讲解——关系代词的用法一一.关系代词:who, whom, whose, that, which, as等(在句中作主、表、宾、定等成分)二.关系代词引导的定语从句1.who指人,在从句中充当主语或宾语(1)The boys who are playing football are from Class One. 正在踢足球的男孩是一班的。

(2)Those who want to go to the museum must be at the school gate at 7 tomorrow morning. 想去博物馆的人必须在明晨7点到大门口集合。

(3) Her sister married a man who she met on a plane. 她的姐姐嫁给了一个她在飞机上认识的男人。

(4)The person who you just talked to is Mr. Deep. 刚刚和你谈话的人是德普先生。

第1、2句who在定语从句中做主语成分,3、4句who在定语从句中做宾语成分。

2.whom指人,在定语从句中充当宾语,常可省略(1) Mr Liu is the person ( whom ) you talked about on the bus. 刘先生就是你们在公共汽车上谈论的那个人。

(2) Li Ming is just the boy ( whom ) I want to see. 李明正是我想要见的男孩。

(3)The professor ( whom ) you are waiting for has come. 你正在等的教授已经来了。

3. which 指物,在定语从句中做主语或宾语,做宾语时可省略(1)Football is a game which is liked by most boys. 足球是大多数男孩所喜欢的运动。

(2)The factory which makes computers is far away from here. 制造计算机的那家公司离这儿很远。

定语从句中的关系副词

定语从句中的关系副词

定语从句中的关系副词定语从句中的关系副词关系副词,兼有副词与连接词两种作用,在不及物动词的连接中要求用关系副词。

下面是店铺带来的定语从句中的关系副词,希望对你有帮助。

定语从句中的关系副词有三个:when, where和why,它们在定语从句中分别作时间、地点和原因状语。

其句法结构如下:1. when指时间,在定语从句中作时间状语。

例句:I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing.I’ll never forget the day when I joined the army.2. where指地点,在定语从句中作地点状语。

例句:The factory where his father works is in the west of the city.This is the house where I lived two years ago.关系副词“when”、“where”既可引导限制性定语从句,也可引导非限制性定语从句。

例如:I will always remember the day when I first visited the Great Wall.He came to Shanghai in 1980, when he was only 12.I don’t know the exact spot where they will meet.Mr Wang will fly to Beijing, where he will stay for three months.有时关系副词“when”、“where”引导的限制性定语从句和先行词有间隔的现象,是为了平衡句子的语法需要。

Do you remember one afternoon ten years ago when I came to your house and borrowed a diamond necklace?The days are gone forever when the Chinese people used“foreign oil.”.3. why只用于reason之后的限制性定语从句中,在定语从句中作原因状语。

高中英语语法基础 ——定语从句知识点总结归纳讲解(附同步练习)(有答案)

高中英语语法基础 ——定语从句知识点总结归纳讲解(附同步练习)(有答案)

高中英语语法基础——定语从句知识点归纳讲解(附同步练习)★先行词:被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。

通常情况下,引导词前面的名词即为从句的先行词。

★关系词:引导定语从句的词叫关系词。

也可以称作引导词。

①关系代词:who,whom,which,that,whose,as,在从句内作主语、宾语等名词性成分。

②关系副词:when,where,why在从句内作状语。

(一). 使用who、whom、which、that的定语从句1. whoThis is the boy who plays basketball very well.This is the teacher who is teaching us English.▲who 指人, 在从句中作主语。

2. whomThis is the boy (whom) I often help.The man is our headmaster (whom) you met just now.I met the girl (whom) you often praise.▲whom 指人,在从句中作宾语, 可省略。

3. whichThis is the farm which keeps many cows.This is the farm (which ) I visit every year.▲which 指事物, 在从句中作主语或宾语,作宾语时可省略。

4. that以上三种情况均可用that。

指人或指物,可作主语和宾语,作宾语时可省略。

(二). 使用whose的定语从句Do you know the girl whose father is mayor.I used to work in an office whose window faces north.I work in a school whose students are excellent.▲whose 指人或物的所属关系,表示“某人的”或“某物的”。

定语从句中的关系代词和关系副词

定语从句中的关系代词和关系副词

定语从句中的关系代词和关系副词定语从句是英语语法中一个重要的概念,用于修饰或限制一个名词。

在定语从句中,关系代词和关系副词起着关键的作用。

本文将详细介绍关系代词和关系副词的用法和特点,并通过例子来说明。

一、关系代词(Relative Pronouns)关系代词用来引导定语从句,用于连接主句和从句,同时在从句中充当名词的作用。

常见的关系代词有:that, which, who, whom, whose。

1. that: 可以指代人或物,用来引导限制性定语从句,即从句中的信息是必需的。

例句:- I bought a book that is very interesting.(我买了一本非常有趣的书。

)2. which: 只能指代物,用来引导非限制性定语从句,即从句中的信息是附加的。

例句:- My car, which is red, was stolen yesterday.(我的车,它是红色的,昨天被偷了。

)3. who: 只能指代人,用来引导限制性定语从句,即从句中的信息是必需的。

例句:- The woman who is sitting over there is my teacher.(那个坐在那里的女人是我的老师。

)4. whom: 只能指代人,用来引导非限制性定语从句,即从句中的信息是附加的。

例句:- The girl, whom I met yesterday, is a famous actress.(那个我昨天见到的女孩是位著名的演员。

)5. whose: 可以指代人或物,引导定语从句,表示所属关系。

例句:- I have a friend whose father is a doctor.(我有一个朋友,他的父亲是个医生。

)关系代词的选择要根据其先行词的性质来确定,同时需要注意该从句在整个句子中的成分。

二、关系副词(Relative Adverbs)关系副词也是引导定语从句的一种形式,它们在从句中充当副词的作用。

定语从句之关系副词

定语从句之关系副词

case, state等在定语从句中做地点状
语时,定语从句用关系副词where引
导。 注意:此时定语从句中不可再出现表 示地点的词。
换成
the
This was a place.
An earthquake happened there.
去掉there
This was the place where an
4)当先行词被序数词修饰时。 That is the last thing that I’d like to do.
5)当先行词为人物共存时。 (俗称:先行 词既有人又有物。) He told me about the persons and things that he met with in Europe. 6)被修饰词为数词时。 Yesterday, I caught two fish and put them in a basin of water. Now you can see the two that are still alive.
why = for which
先行词
关系副词
for This is the reason why
he was late.
which
这是他迟到的原因。
练 习
1. This is the reason ____ he was late.
A. that B. which C. why D. when 2. The police couldn’t tell the reason
先行词
关系副词
This is the office where at which he works. 此句可表述为,He works at the office. 从句缺地点状语,at the office 表示地点, 因此用关系副词where,也可用at which, 在这里at which = where

定语从句用法(含例句及解析)

定语从句用法(含例句及解析)

1.定义:在复合句中修饰某一名词或代词的从句,叫定语从句。

它所修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。

2.构成:先行词+关系词+定语从句关系词作用:连接主句和从句; 指代先行词; 在从句中充当句子成分。

3.分类:限制性定语从句、非限制性定语从句。

4.关系词关系代词: that, which, who, whom, whose, as关系副词: when, where, why关系代词的具体用法见下表 :关系代词that which who 先行词人、物物人在从句中所做的成分主语、宾语、表语主语、宾语主语、宾语whom 人宾语whose 人、物定语as 人、物主语、宾语、表语指人也可指物, 在定语从句中可作主语、宾语或表语,作宾语时可省略。

million.每年来游览这座城市的人的数量达到了 100 万。

(指人, 作主语)这就是他在找的那个手提箱。

(指物, 作宾语)指物,在定语从句中可作主语或宾语,作宾语时可省略。

They ignored the might account for the accident.他们忽略了那些或许可以解释事故发生原因的细节。

(作主语)指人, 在定语从句中可作主语或宾语,作宾语时可省略。

We我们为在地震中遭受重创的人们担心。

(作主语)丹尼正是我们从废墟中救出来的那个人。

(作宾语)指人, 在定语从句中作宾语,可省略 , 也可用 who 代替。

罗丝是你应该关心的人。

(作宾语)既可指人也可指物, 表"所属"关系, 在定语从句中作定语。

我认识那个人,他的房子在地震中被彻底摧毁了。

(作定语)①关系代词指代先行词在定语从句中充当主语、宾语、表语或定语,因此定语从句中不能再出现关系代词所替代的名词或代词。

昨天晚上我们看的那部电影非常吓人。

The film (that/ which) we saw it last night was very frightening.(×)The film (that /which) we saw last night was very frightening.( √)②关系代词在从句中作主语时不能省略,作宾语时可以省略。

关系副词引导的定语从句用法讲解

关系副词引导的定语从句用法讲解

关系副词引导的定语从句用法讲解
关系副词引导的定语从句用法讲解
关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词,在从句中作状语,关系副词引导的定语从句。

1)when, where, why
关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于"介词+ which"结构,因此常常和"介词+ which"结构交替使用,例如:
There are occasions when (on which) one must yield. 任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。

Beijing is the place where (in which) I was born. 北京是我的`出生地,语法《关系副词引导的定语从句》。

Is this the reason why (for which) he refused our offer? 这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗?
2)that代替关系副词
that可以用于表示时间、地点、方式、理由的名词后取代when, where, why和"介词+ which"引导的定语从句,在口语中that常被省略,例如:
His father died the year (that / when / in which) he was born. 他父亲在他出生那年逝世了。

He is unlikely to find the place (that / where / in which) he lived forty years ago. 他不大可能找到他四十年前居住过的地方。

下载全文。

定语从句(关系副词+介词+which whom)教师版

定语从句(关系副词+介词+which whom)教师版

定语从句(教师版)关系副词when, where, why介词+whom/which引导的定语从句一、基本概念1. 定语从句除可用关系代词引导外,还可用关系副词when_, _where__与why来引导。

2. 它们的区别是:when用于指时间_,相当于in/ at/ on/ during which, where用于指地点,相当于in/ at/ from which, why用于指原因, 相当于for which。

3. 关系副词在定语从句中代替先行词作状_语,不可省略,有时可以用介词+which 代替。

二、基本用法1. 关系副词when关系副词和where的先行词是表示时间(如the day(s), the time, the year等)和地点(如the place, the house, the factory, the station等)的一类词,而关系副词why的先行词通常只是for the reason(s)。

另外,when 和where 可引导限制性和非限制性定语从句,而why _则只用于引导限制性定语从句,不用于引导非限制性定语从句。

★用适当的关系副词填空①I will remember the day when I left my hometown forever. (作时间状语=on which)②This is the place where he works. (作地点_状语= in which_)③He told me the reason why he was late again. (作原因状语= for which )2. 注意不要以为在时间名词后就一定用关系副词when,在地点名词后就一定用关系副词where,在表示原因的the reason后就一定用关系副词why。

到底选用关系副词还是关系代词,关键是看它们在定语从句中是用作状语(用关系副词)还是用作主语或宾语(用关系代词)。

定语从句中的关系代词和关系副词总结

定语从句中的关系代词和关系副词总结

定语从句中的关系代词和关系副词总结在英语语法中,定语从句是一种常见的从句类型,用于给予陈述句的补充信息或者对主句中的名词进行限定。

在定语从句中,关系代词和关系副词起到了非常重要的作用。

它们不仅用于引导定语从句,还在从句中充当句子成分。

本文将对关系代词和关系副词进行总结和归纳,以帮助读者更好地理解和运用它们。

一、关系代词(Relative Pronouns)关系代词用于引导定语从句并在从句中充当句子成分,它们有以下几个常见的形式和用法:1. who/whom这两个关系代词用于代替人,并在从句中充当主语或宾语。

who用于代替主语,而whom用于代替宾语。

例如:The girl who is standing over there is my sister.这个站在那边的女孩是我的妹妹。

2. which该关系代词用于代替物,并在从句中充当主语或宾语。

例如:I bought a book which is very interesting.我买了一本非常有趣的书。

3. that关系代词that可以代替人也可以代替物,它在从句中既可以充当主语也可以充当宾语。

与who和which相比,that更常用于口语和非正式的写作中。

例如:The car that I saw yesterday belongs to my neighbor.我昨天看到的那辆车是我邻居的。

4. whose关系代词whose用于表示所属关系,并在从句中充当名词的所有格。

它可以用来代替人或物。

例如:The man whose wallet was stolen reported the incident to the police.那个被偷钱包的人向警察报案了。

二、关系副词(Relative Adverbs)关系副词用于引导定语从句并在从句中充当副词或介词宾语。

它们有以下几个常见的形式和用法:1. where关系副词where用于代替地点,并在从句中充当地点状语。

高一英语定语从句---关系副词的用法(含例句及解析)

高一英语定语从句---关系副词的用法(含例句及解析)

定语从句---关系副词的用法当引导定语从句的关系词在从句中做时间、地点、原因状语时,应使用关系副词when, where, why。

关系副词的作用如下:①指代表是时间、地点、原因的先行词。

②在从句中充当句子成分---状语。

③起连接作用,的主句和定语从句连接起来。

一、关系副词引导定语从句。

1.when引导的定语从句。

when表示时间,代替先行词并在定语从句中作时间状语,其先行词往往是表示时间的名词,如time,day,week,year等。

eg: We will never forget the day when we flew at an altitude of 6000 meters in the sky.我们永远忘不了在6千米高空飞行的那一天。

误区警示当先行词是时间名词时,定语从句既可用when引导,也可以用that 或which引导,关键看关系词在从句中作何种成分。

若关系词在定语从句中作状语,则用when引导; 若关系词在定语从句中做主语或宾语,则用that或which引导。

eg: Do you still remember the days when we chatted with each other all night?你还记得我们整夜聊天的那些日子吗?(when在从句中作状语)Do you still remember the days that /which we spent together on thefarm?你还记得我们在农场一起度过的那些日子吗?(that/which做spend的宾语)2.where引导的定语从句where表示地点, 代替先行词并在定语从句中做地点状语,其先行词往往是表示地点的名词,如place , factory,house, village等或表示抽象地点的名词,如position, point, case , stage,situation,atmosphere 等。

高中英语定语从句关系副词及介词关系代词语法专讲

高中英语定语从句关系副词及介词关系代词语法专讲

定语从句语法专讲(关系副词&介词+关系代词)★关系副词引导定语从句,在从句中只充当状语,不作主语或宾语。

★When引导的定语从句修饰表示时间的名词,并在定语从句中作时间状语,相当于“介词on/in/at/during等+which”。

1.July is the month. In this month we have a lot of rain.July is the month when we have a lot of rain. (when= in which)2.There was a time. During that time there were no radios, telephones or TV sets here.There was a time when there were no radios, telephones or TV here. (when= during which)3. I was born on Oct.1st ___ when/ on which_ our nation was set up.4. We still remembered the days __ when___ /____ in which____we travelled together.注:若定语从句的先行词是时间,但定语从句缺主语或宾语,则用which或that引导定语从句。

1.I’ll neve r forget the time that / which I spent on campus.2.I’ll never forget the time that/ which was spent with you.★where引导的定语从句修饰表示地点的名词,并在定语从句中作地点状语,相当于“介词(on/in/at/from等)+ 关系代词(which)”。

1.The school is a key school in Hebei Province. His sister works at the school.The school where his sister works is a key school in Hebei Province.(where= at which)2.Have you ever been to the house? Lu Xun once lived in that house.Have you ever been to the house where Lu Xun once lived?(where= in which)3.I lost my wallet in the restaurant where we had lunch.注:1. 如果定语从句分别修饰point, situation, stage, condition和case等表示抽象意义的词,常用where 引导,意思是“到了某种地步,在某种境况中”。

  1. 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性,平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
  2. 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
  3. 3、如文档侵犯您的权益,请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间:9:00-18:30)。

关系副词引导的定语从句常用的关系副词只有三个:when,where,why,在定语从句中充当时间、地点和原因状语。

它们的用法大家不妨记住一个口诀:the time whenthe place wherethe reason why(一)关系副词when的用法关系副词when代替的先行词表示的是时间,when在定语从句作时间状语。

例如:In Beijing July and August are the months when it rains very often.北京的七月和八月是常下雨的月份。

(when先行词是months)Do you remember the day when we first went to the Summer Palace?你还记得我们第一次去颐和园的那一天吗?(when先行词是day,当代英语里when可以用that替代,这时关系代词that就变成了表示时间的关系副词)I haven’t seen her since the year when I left Tokyo.自从我离开东京的那一年我就一直没见到过她。

(when先行词是year,同样when可以用that 代替)真题:Great changes have taken place in that school.It is no longer______it was20years ago, ______it was so poorly equipped.A.what;whenB.that;whichC.what;whichD.which;that简析:考查关系代词when引导的定语从句。

第一个空填连接代词what,第二个空前的先行词是20years ago,故这个空应填表示时间的关系副词when。

故A是正确答案。

(二)关系副词where的用法关系副词where代替的先行词表示的是地点,where在定语从句作地点状语。

例如:During the Spring Festival I went back to the town where I was brought up.春节期间,我回到了生我养我的家乡。

(where的先行词是town)This is the place where Li Bai once lived.这是李白曾经生活过的地方。

(where先行词是place)上面这个句子不可以将where改为that,因为that不能作为表示地点的关系副词。

试比较下句:This is the place that Li Bai once visited.这是李白曾经游览过的地方。

(that的先行词同样是place,但这个that是关系代词,在定语从句中作宾语,可以省略,还可以用which替换)真题:If a shop has chairs______women can park their men,women will spend more time in the shop.A.thatB.whichC.whenD.where简析:考查关系副词where引导的定语从句。

定语从句的意思是说男人可以停留在椅子上休息,显然是表示地点,故D是正确答案。

(三)关系副词why的用法关系副词why代替的先行词表示的是原因,why在定语从句作原因状语。

例如:The reason why I am phoning you is to ask you whether you have got my email.我打电话给你的原因是想问问你是否收到了我的电子邮件。

(why先行词是reason,当代英语里why可以用that替代,这时关系代词that就变成了表示原因的关系副词,还可以将why 省略)This is the reason why he came late to school.这就是他为什么上学迟到的原因。

(why先行词是reason,why可以用that替代,还可以省略)注意:如果上面的句子将the reason省略,那么这个句子就变成了(This is why he came late to school.)表语从句,句子意思丝毫未变。

特殊关系代词as引导的定语从句as是个比较特殊的关系代词,一是用在某些句型搭配里,二是独立于主句之外。

下面分别讲解。

(一)在固定搭配as…as,so…as,such…as,the same…as中,as引导定语从句You may take as many books as you want.你想要拿多少书就拿多少。

(第一个as是副词,修饰many的;第二个as才是关系代词,代替先行词books,在定语从句中作宾语)I have got such a computer as yours.我有一台你这样的电脑。

(as是关系代词,代替先行词computer,在定语从句中作表语,因为yours后省略了is)I have never seen so beautiful a place as Guilin.我从未见过像桂林那样美丽的地方。

(as是关系代词,代替先行词place,在定语从句中作表语,因为Guilin后省略了is)(二)独立于主句之外,as引导定语从句As we know,the earth turns around the sun.正如我们所知,地球围绕太阳旋转。

As is known to us,(As we know和As is known to us均为定语从句,as分别作宾语和主语,替代后面的主句。

)Taiwan is,as you know,is an inseparable part of China.你知道,台湾是中国不可分割的一部分。

(关系代词as指代整个主句,在定语从句中作宾语。

)真题1:The Beatles,______many of you are old enough to remember,came from Liverpool. A.what B.that C.how D.as简析:考查关系代词as引导的定语从句。

as代替先行词the Beatles同时又在从句中作remember的宾语,as的功能同which,但as有“正如”的意思,故D是正确答案。

真题2:______is often the case,we have worked out the production plan.A.WhichB.WhenC.WhatD.As简析:考查关系代词as引导的定语从句。

which与as引导定语从句均可代表整个一句话或整个主句,但which不能放在句首,另外as有“正如”的意思,而which却没有,故D正确。

限制性定语从句和非制性定语从句限制性定语从句中,从句与其所修饰的先行词之间关系很密切,若缺少,句意则不完整,故从句前不用逗号隔开;非限制性定语从句中,从句与其所修饰的先行词之间关系不太密切,若缺少,句意则仍完整,故从句前一般都用逗号隔开。

试比较以下两组句子:The water which has been polluted by the factory is not fit to drink.被工厂污染的水不宜饮用。

(如果缺少定语从句,句子的主要意思会受到影响)Water,which is a clear liquid,is widely used in our everyday life.水是一种清澈的液体,在我们的日常生活中应用非常广泛。

(如果缺少定语从句,句子的主要意思不会受到影响)His brother who is nineteen years old is serving in the army now.他的一个十九岁的哥哥现在部队服役。

(表明他不只一个哥哥)His brother,who is nineteen years old,is serving in the army now.他的哥哥,今年十九岁,现在部队服役。

(表明他只有一个哥哥)真题1:The owner of the cinema needed to make a lot of improvements and employ more people to keep it running,______means spending tens of thousands of pounds.A.whoB.thatC.asD.which简析:考查非限制性定语从句。

在非限制性定语从句一般不用that,which可以替代前面整个一句话,因此选D。

真题2:I have many friends,______some are businessmen.A.of themB.from whichC.who ofD.of whom简析:考查非限制性定语从句。

这句话若用并列句表达就可写成:I have many friends,and some of them are businessmen..因此D是正确答案。

定语从句的位置如前所述,定语从句一般总是直接置于所修饰的名词或代词之后。

有时候,定语从句与先行词之间插入了其他的短语,这样它们被分隔了,这种情况下的定语从句被称作隔离定语从句。

例如:There was a girl upstairs who was shouting and crying,obviously mad.楼上有一个女孩,大喊大叫。

很明显,她疯了。

(定语从句who was shouting and crying修饰the girl,被upstairs所隔开)A new master will come tomorrow who will teach you German.明天要来一位新老师教你们德语了。

(定语从句置于句末以示强调)真题:The factory produced half a million of shoes every year,80%______are sold abroad.A.of whichB.which ofC.of themD.of that简析:考查隔离定语从句或非限定性定语从句。

形式上看80%把关系代词与先行词分离了,另外,of前后表示部分与整体的关系,其中80%的鞋子售往国外市场。

故A是正确答案。

定语从句与同位语从句的区别同位语从句与定语从句从形式上看好像没什么区别,实际上从含义和功能上看,还是比较易区分的。

同位语从句的先行词一般为fact,idea,news,thought,reply,report,problem等抽象名词,而且关联词大都为that,在idea,problem等词后根据句意可能用到who,when,why,how 等其他关联词。

相关文档
最新文档