大学英语科技翻译知识及材料

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科技英语翻译unit11

第十一单元科学技术的昨天与今天课文A技术与社会社会是由使用相同技术、相互作用和影响的一群人构成的。

技术是社会中可以用于制造工具或采集材料的知识。

设定其他具有实际意义的目标并为达到这些目的所用的工具也是技术的一部分。

从以上概括性的定义中不难看出，社会与技术是紧密相连的，尽管前者是由人组成的而后者则是由设备和方法构成的。

我们经常通过社会成员使用的技术来认识他们，同样，技术也是社会的产物。

社会通常是以某种技术的名称来命名的。

广义上来讲，旧石器时代、新石器时代、青铜时代、铁器时代，这些时代都是根据在过去某一特定时期人们使用的技术来命名的。

即使是今天，如果某个社会中的人们仍在使用石头而不是金属，那么这个社会还是被叫做石器时代社会。

近代有工业时代、后工业时代和高科技时代。

虽然世界上不同的社会拥有不同的技术，但依然可以根据其使用的技术而对它们进行分类。

即使同一个国家中（如当今的印尼）使用不同的技术，情况也是如此。

技术和社会是相互作用的。

在其发明能力之内，社会可以决定它需要什么样的技术。

比如，某社会可以选择使用杀虫剂滴滴涕，尽管它有害于多种鸟类；社会也可以拒绝滴滴涕而选择其它的杀灭害虫的手段。

如果某种技术会危害全球环境，代表不同社会的人类可以限制这种技术，比如碳氟化合物的使用。

某个社会可以依靠核动力来取得自身最大的利益，也可因为核动力众所周知的危害而选择使用其它能源。

做出这样的选择并非因为有可以利用的技术，而是因为社会认识到选择某种技术的意义。

某个社会可供选择的技术越多，它可做出的选择就越多。

技术不是科学，但是在今天它往往是科学的产物，不过并非所有的情况都是如此。

过去在对科学原理几乎一无所知的条件下也取得了重要的技术成就，例如石器、火、轮子、熔炼术、动植物的驯化等等。

在近代社会则出现了诸如蒸汽机、飞艇、最初的塑料制品等技术上的创新，而当时人们对它们的工作原理也不甚了解。

今天，虽然发明仍然可以带来技术革新，但是这些发明往往都是在科学知识背景之下产生的。

大学英语社科类语篇翻译参考译文

一些业内人士认为 , 像微软和雅虎这样的公司进
入 Google 的地盘 , 它的技术优势将显得脆弱并
身处险境。只有当用户更换一个产品需要花很大
的成本时 , 技术上的优势地位才可能得到长期保
持 , 如微软的操作系统、英特尔的微处理器。

同时 ,Google 也开始涉足网上购物领域。去年底 ,
它创建了 Froogle 网站以帮助用户在网络空间中

不过，在“新秩序”中，丰富的法则应运而生。受其引
导的公司有如网景这样明智的公司，免费发放网络浏览
器，以便推动销售辅助服务或产品。同样昂贵的手
在网络经济中取得成功所需的素质可以一言以蔽之：一种冲入味知领域的技能。

What we’re witnessing today in the realm

It is the combination of shrinking computers
and expanding communications that drive this
economic transformation. We have only seen
the beginnings of the anxiety, loss, excitement,
搜索图书、服装和任何在线销售产品。
of cyberspace --- the online reformulation of everything from the way we play and learn to how we shop and trade stocks--may represent no less a worldtransforming change than the spectacular burst of creation so long ago.

大学英语翻译全教程第一讲(完美版)

翻译理论与实践（以《英语翻译教程》南开大学出版社为基础）第一讲翻译概述一、翻译的概念1．广义的翻译指语言与语言、语言与非语言等代码转换和基本信息的传达。

它包括不同语言间的翻译（如英汉互译）语言变体间的翻译（如古今语言、不同方言的互译）、语言与其他交际符号的转换（如把交通规则画成交通标志）。

他对翻译的内容只强调“基本信息”，不强调“完全的忠实”。

也有翻译家提出“理解也是翻译”的理论，这就把语言与思维也包括在广义的翻译里了。

2．狭义的翻译指语言活动，是把一种语言所表达的内容中式地用另一种远表达出来。

这个定义强调“是一种语言活动”，表明它是人类多种交际方式中语言交际的沟通；强调“一种语言到另一种语言”，排除了同一语言间各变体的互译；强调“忠实地”，避免了翻译与释义或改写的混淆。

奈达（Eugene Nida）“Translation consists in reproducing in the receptor language the closest natural equivalent of the source-language message, first in terms of meaning and second in terms of style.”(Nida & Taber: The Theory and Practice of Translation)我们的翻译课讲的就是狭义的翻译，并专指“书面表达内容”，以区别于有独特之处的口译（interpretation）。

二、翻译的分类1．从所涉及的代码性质看，可分为语内翻译（intralingual translation）、语际翻译（interlingual translation）和语符翻译（intersemiotic translation）。

语内翻译是同一种语言见不同语言变体的翻译，如把古汉语译成现代汉语，把黑话译成一般语言（雷子，一方）；语际翻译是不同语言间的翻译，是狭义翻译研究的对象；语符翻译是用非文字符号解释文字符号，如图画、手势、音乐符号等。

大学英语4课后cloze及翻译原题带答案整理完整清晰

大学英语4课后cloze及翻译原题带答案Cloze1In the 21st century, clouds and stormy weather no longer automatically bring operations to a halt or force a change in targets（目标）. Technologies such as the Global Positioning System now allow cruise missiles（巡航导弹）and other smart weapons to home in on（瞄准并飞速接近）their targets. But the weather still is a factor that must be reckoned with, especially with precision-guided weapons that must be highly accurate （高度精确）to be effective.Fortunately, the ability to obtain weather forecasts will get better. In the next few years, remote weather sensors（传感器）will grow rapidly on unmanned vehicles. This will create a network of observing platforms that will give commanders an instant overview of weather inthe battle zone（战场）. In some areas you’ll have direct delivery of weather information straight from the computes to black boxes in aircraft and other vehicles. That will be especially important for target-bound aircraft（瞄准目标的飞行器）.Such technology will give whoever possess it a tremendous edge（优势）over their enemy and enable them to use developing weather conditions to their advantage. As we get superior satellites into space, we’ll gain huge advantages in observing meteorological conditions in denied areas（盲区）, where we don’t have people on the ground. And our modeling ability will continue to improve as our computers get more powerful. The past 10 years have witnessed a revolution in our communications and computer abilities. It’s exciting to think of what the next 10 years will bring.在第二十一世纪，云层和暴风雨天气不再自动带来业务停顿或迫使目标的变化（目标）。

大学英语翻译材料

英语翻译材料Unit1 1 1 No No No matter matter matter how how how experienced experienced experienced a a a lecturer lecturer lecturer you you you are, are, are, and and and no no no matter matter matter how how how good good preparation you have made(how well you have prepared your speech), you will have difficulty delivering a speech under such a noisy reception. 2 Just as all the friends of his sister care about Jimmy, Jimmy also cares about them. 3 The manufacturers stamp a vehicle identification number at several places on new cars to help track down stolen vehicles. 4 If you dare tell on me when the teacher returns, I will never speak to you again. 5.Some elderly people like to live on their own, but most choose to live with their children. 6.Here is something that needs to be reckoned with: how to raise the necessary fund to establish the company. unit2 1 The defendant, a woman of only 30, insisted that she was not guilty. (innocent) 2.All things considered, dates, beans and some leafy green vegetables are the best sources of iron. 3 No drinks are served with meals because they interfere with digestion. 4 4 It It It is is is advisable advisable advisable to to to book book book hotels hotels hotels in in in advance, advance, advance, taking taking taking the popularity the popularity of the region into consideration. 5 5 If If If you you you have have have the the the feeling feeling feeling of wanting of wanting to to throw throw throw up up up after after after taking taking taking this drug, this drug, please stop taking it immediately and consult your doctor as soon as possible. 6 Summing up the discussion, he said both parties should think about the most effective way to solve the problem. Unit3 1 In his thinking, as in his behavior, he is very traditional.2 Once the teachers agree to accept the new teaching program, they have to face the strain it puts on them.’s study after graduating from3 In the long run, it is worthwhile to pursue oneuniversity instead of going to work directly4 As the school operates on the Character First principle, moral values and academic achievements are stressed equally.5 it is said that the meeting, which is scheduled to be held this month, will be put off till next month.6 The school sees its job as preparing its students for life by cultivating a comprehensive set of principles that can benefit all of them.Unit4 1 All things considered, this is the most exciting city in the world.2 Though with no approval from his parents, he went ahead with his plan tostudy abroad.3 the bridge was named after the hero who devoted his life to the cause of people.4 it is said that the painter used his mother as the model in the painting whoseface represented suffering yet strength.5 the writer instantly rose to fame in 1950 with the publication of a novel which was inspired by his experience with a girl on a farm.6 one story says that “US”was short for Uncle Sam whose real name was Sama man who had signed a contract with the Wilson, who had once worked withgovernment to provide meat to the US army.Unit5 1 Not until he saw his mother was dying in bed did he realize how much he loved her.2 Taking into consideration of his recent physical condition, I think he has done quite well in this exam.3 Mrs Clark was lying motionless on the bed, and at one time I wondered if she was still alive.4 The whole building was dark except for a single light from a window on the third floor.5 These soldiers have received very strict training and are well equipped to finish the new task.6 He reached for the telephone, picked it up and dialed the number.P1291 did he realize that it was difficult for the new secretary to do it on his own.2 did Mary stop crying3will the employees know the results of their performance evaluation4 did she understand how difficult it was for her mother to raise her and hersister by herself.5 did I know what happened to the major characters in the end.Unit61 We should do our utmost to predict earthquakes so that the destruction of property caused by earthquake can be avoided as much as possible.2 A farmer noticed large schools of fish swimming on the surface of the water, which, he said, indicated the possible occurrence of an earthquake.3 Keep an English-English dictionary handy, and when you can not understand a word accurately, you can refer to it any time.4 If necessary, people living in areas where earthquakes are about to occur can sleep in tents. bachelor5 To a student who wants to find a job, a master’s degree does make a great difference.6 In addition to the knowledge about earthquakes, the book also tells us how to prepare for them.。

大学英语翻译

大学英语翻译翻译是大学英语学习中的一项重要技能，它需要学生具备一定的语言基础和翻译技巧。

本文将从大学英语翻译的意义、翻译技巧以及实践中的注意事项三个方面进行论述。

一、大学英语翻译的意义英语是全球通用的语言之一，掌握英语翻译技能对于提高沟通能力、拓宽视野、促进国际交流具有重要作用。

在大学英语学习中，翻译作为一种语言运用的形式，能够帮助学生更好地理解和掌握语法、词汇、语境等知识点，提高自身的语言表达能力。

二、翻译技巧1. 熟悉双语知识库：翻译工作中，不仅需要对原文进行准确理解，还需要具备熟练的目标语表达能力。

因此，学生应当注重积累双语知识，包括词汇、短语、固定搭配等，以便在翻译过程中能够准确、恰当地选择合适的翻译方法。

2. 抓住核心信息：在进行翻译时，要善于抓住原文的核心信息，进行有效的概括和转换。

避免直译、机械翻译，而要注重传达原文的意思。

3. 理解语境：语境对于翻译的准确性和恰当性非常重要。

学生在进行翻译时，要注意分析原文的语境，把握上下文信息，确保翻译的准确性和流畅度。

4. 注重文化差异：英汉两种语言和文化有许多差异，学生在进行翻译时要注意文化背景的转换。

避免将源文化的习惯和特点直接带入译文，而是要根据目标文化的特点进行合适的转换。

三、翻译实践中的注意事项1. 练习不同领域的翻译：不同领域的翻译有着各自的特点，比如法律、商务、医学等。

学生在进行翻译实践时，可以选择涉及不同领域的材料进行练习，提高自己的专业素养。

2. 使用翻译工具：随着科技的发展，翻译工具在翻译实践中起到了很大的辅助作用。

学生可以学习并运用一些常用的翻译软件和在线翻译工具，提高翻译效率和准确性。

3. 反思和修正：在翻译实践中，学生可能会遇到一些困难和挑战。

这时候，学生应当及时反思，寻找解决问题的方法，并进行修正。

通过不断的实践和反思，提高自身的翻译水平。

总结起来，大学英语翻译是一项需要系统学习和实践的技能。

学生在学习过程中，应当注重培养翻译技巧，不断积累双语知识，注重语境分析和文化差异转换，并通过实践不断提高翻译水平。

大学英语翻译课程教案

课时：2课时教学目标：1. 理解翻译的基本原则和技巧。

2. 提高学生的英语翻译能力，包括理解、表达和翻译的准确性。

3. 培养学生的跨文化交际意识和能力。

教学内容：1. 翻译的基本原则和技巧2. 文本类型翻译（如：文学、新闻、科技等）3. 跨文化交际在翻译中的应用教学重点：1. 翻译的基本原则和技巧2. 文本类型翻译的实践教学难点：1. 理解跨文化交际对翻译的影响2. 在实践中灵活运用翻译技巧教学准备：1. 教学课件2. 翻译练习材料3. 翻译参考书籍教学过程：第一课时一、导入1. 向学生介绍翻译课程的目的和重要性。

2. 引导学生了解翻译的基本原则和技巧。

二、教学内容1. 翻译的基本原则和技巧- 翻译的基本原则：忠实、通顺、易懂- 翻译的技巧：直译、意译、增译、省译等三、课堂练习1. 分组讨论，让学生根据所给句子进行翻译练习。

2. 每组选派一名代表进行翻译展示，其他学生进行点评。

四、总结1. 总结本节课所学的翻译基本原则和技巧。

2. 强调翻译实践的重要性。

第二课时一、复习导入1. 回顾上节课所学的翻译基本原则和技巧。

2. 引导学生思考文本类型翻译的特点。

二、教学内容1. 文本类型翻译- 文学翻译：注重语言风格和意境的再现- 新闻翻译：注重事实的准确性和时效性- 科技翻译：注重专业术语的准确性和科学性三、课堂练习1. 分组讨论，让学生根据所给文本进行翻译练习。

2. 每组选派一名代表进行翻译展示，其他学生进行点评。

四、跨文化交际在翻译中的应用1. 分析跨文化交际对翻译的影响。

2. 举例说明如何在翻译中处理跨文化差异。

五、总结1. 总结本节课所学的文本类型翻译和跨文化交际在翻译中的应用。

2. 强调翻译实践的重要性。

教学评价：1. 课堂练习和展示的参与度。

2. 学生对翻译基本原则和技巧的掌握程度。

3. 学生在文本类型翻译和跨文化交际方面的实际应用能力。

科技英语课文翻译及课后答案

第一单元自动化第二部分阅读A自动化的含义“自动化”已经是，而且现在仍然是，一个被大量滥用的词。

但是，人们对其确切的意义以及所包括的内容，正在逐渐地有了较为正确的了解。

如果不是下一个定义的话，我也许可以尝试作些解释，把自动化说成是一个概念。

运用这个概念，人们通过对机器装置的性能进行充分的测量、观察和控制，从而使其以最高的效率运转。

这需要对这种装置的功能有一个详细而连贯性的了解，以便需要时便能运用最佳的矫正操作。

自动化按其确切的意义，只有全面运用通信、计算和控制三个主要组成部分（“三C" )才能完全实现。

我认为，确保人们对合为一体的三个组成部分对我们的社会所蕴含着的某些意义有所认识和了解，是很有必要的。

首先，我们不妨考虑工业部门之一的炼钢工业。

在炼钢工业中，自动化已经开始成型。

到过钢厂的人都会知道从高炉开始的各种工艺流程的一些情况，成品条钢或板钢生产出来之后，再准备送往制造工艺车间或汽车厂，这些工艺流程是相互链接的。

为了使工厂中各个车间充分发挥效率，可以使用计算机来控制每个车间。

在此之前，计算机工作所需要的一切资料均输入机内。

就高炉来说，需要给计算机提供装人高炉的原料的信息、高炉工作温度的信息和处理各种各样配料的最好方法等方面的资料。

钢厂的高炉操作是一项复杂而要求技术熟练的作业，需要大量的知识和大量的综合信息，并迅速地做出判定选择，以便确保高炉工艺流程中的下一阶段的有效工作。

计算机对所有这一切都了解得很透彻，能够做出非常大量的中间判定，并且能够把全部信息立刻和不间断地提供给管理人员，以使他们做出高效管理这个工厂所需要的最后决定。

由此产生的信息数据和判定要进行处理，然后转送到下一个工序。

在这里，对操作的一些专门细节再次进行整理，提出最佳和最终的判定，然后对这些信息再一次进行处理并输送给下一道工序。

同时，当信息数据从生产单元的一道工序输送到下一工序并完全结合成为一项新的操作时，每次变化的结果反馈到最初阶段，而且，不断地做进一步的调整，结果是整个工厂的工艺流程便能够高效率地进行下去。

山东大学英语科技文献阅读翻译题

山东大学英语科技文献阅读翻译题一、阅读The Discovery of X-rays Except for a brief description of the Compton effect, and a few other remarks, we have postponed the discussion of X-rays until the present chapter because it is particularly convenient to treat X-ray spectra after treating optical spectra. Although this ordering may have given the reader a distorted impression of the historical importance of X-rays, this impression will be corrected shortly as we describe the crucial role played by X-rays in the development of modern physics.X-rays were discovered in 1895 by Roentgen while studying the phenomena of gaseous discharge. Using a cathode ray tube with a high voltage of several tens of kilovolts, he noticed that salts of barium would fluoresce when brought near the tube, although nothing visible was emitted by the tube. This effect persisted when the tube was wrapped with a layer of black cardboard. Roentgen soon established that the agency responsible for the fluorescence originated at the point at which the stream of energetic electrons struck the glass wall of the tube. Because of its unknown nature,he gave this agency the name X-rays. He found that X-rays could manifest themselves by darkening wrapped photographic plates, discharging charged electroscopes, as well as by causing fluorescence in a number of different substances. He also found that X-rays can penetrate considerable thicknesses of materials of low atomic number, whereas substances of high atomic number are relatively opaque. Roentgen took the first steps in identifying the nature of X-rays by using a system of slits to show that(1) they travel in straight lines, and that(2) they are uncharged, because they are not deflected by electric or magnetic fields.The discovery of X-rays aroused the interest of all physicists, and many joined in the investigation of their properties. In 1899 Haga and Wind performed a single slit diffraction experiment with X-rays which showed that (3)X-rays are a wave motion phenomenon, and, from the size of the diffraction pattern, their wavelength could be estimated to be 10-8 cm. In 1906 Barkla proved that(4) the waves are transverse by showing that they can be polarized by scattering from many materials.There is, of course, no longer anything unknown about the nature of X-rays. They are electromagnetic radiation of exactly the same nature as visible light, except that their wavelength is several orders of magnitude shorter. This conclusion follows from comparing properties 1 through 4 with the similar properties of visible light, but it was actually postulated by Thomson several years before all these properties were known.Thomson argued that X-rays are electromagnetic radiation because such radiation would be expected to be emitted from the point at which the electrons strike the wall of a cathode ray tube. At this point, the electrons suffer very violent accelerations in coming to a stop and, according to classical electromagnetic theory, all accelerated charged particles emit electromagnetic radiations. We shall see later that this explanation of the production of X-rays is at least partially correct.In common with other electromagnetic radiations,X-rays exhibit particle-like aspects as well as wave-like aspects. The reader will recall that the Compton effect, which is one of the most convincing demonstrations of the existence of quanta, wasoriginally observed with electromagnetic radiation in the X-ray region of wavelengths.Read the following text quickly and answer the questions.1.When were X-rays discovered?2.Who discovered them?3.What are the four characteristics of X-rays?答案：1.18952.Roentgen3.（1）.they travel in straight lines（2）.they are uncharged（3）.they are a wave motion phenomenon（4）.the waves are transverse二、翻译Translate the following passage into Chinese: When you are researching, write down every idea, fact, quotation, or paraphrase on a separate index card. Small(5"by 3") cards are easiest to work with. When you've collected all your cards, reshuffle them into the best possible order, and you have an outline, though you will undoubtedly want to reduce this outline to the essential points should you transcribe it to paper.A useful alternative involves using both white and coloured cards.When you come up with a point that you think may be one of the main points in your outline, write it at the top of a coloured card. Put each supporting note on a separate white card, using as much of the card as necessary. When you feel ready, arrange the coloured cards into a workable plan. Some of the points may not fit in. If so, either modify the plan or leave these points out. You may need to fill gaps by creating new cards.You can shuffle your supporting material into the plan by placing each of the white cards behind the point it helps support.答案：当你正在研究，写下每一个想法，事实上，报价，或意译在单独的索引卡。

西南交通大学研究生科技英语翻译期末复习题

科技英语翻译联系200句1.To transmit electromagnetic waves takes energy.传送电磁波需要能量2.Chemical control will do most of things in pest control.化学防治能在病虫害防治中起主要作用。

3.It is not until wires are connected that the path is completed.直到导线接上以后，此电路才接通。

4.The odds are heavily against any man being able to do the work in the field of abstract theory that Einstein is doing.对任何能从事爱因斯坦正在进行的抽象理论研究的人来说，条件都是极为不利的。

5.Oscillator design is of an art rather than an exact science.与其说振荡器的设计是一门严谨的科学，不如说它是一门艺术。

6.A rapid decrease by a factor of 7 was observed.发现迅速减少到（了）1/7。

7.Birds and animals which hunt at night have eyes which contain few or no cones at all,so they cannot see colors.凡是夜间觅食的飞禽走兽，因为眼睛中的视维细胞数量极少或根本没有，所以不能辨别颜色。

8.Tsunami is sometimes powerful enough to destroy a coastwise building it strikes.海啸有时威力很大，足可摧毁它所冲击的沿岸的建筑物。

9.Not everybody is convinced the Leaning Tower of Pisa really can be saved.并非每个人都相信比萨斜塔真的能免于坍塌。

新编大学英译汉教程第二版知识点总结

新编大学英译汉教程第二版知识点总结英译汉的翻译知识点总结词类转译技巧在英译汉过程中，有些句子可以逐词对译，有些句子则由于英汉两种语言的表达方式不同，就不能逐词对译，只能将词类进行转译之后，方可使译文显得通顺、自然;对词类转译技巧的运用须从四个方面加以注意。

1、转译成动词。

英语中的某些名词、介词、副词，翻译时可转译成汉语中的动词。

The lack of any special excretory system is explained in a similar way .植物没有专门的排泄系统，可用同样的方式加以说明。

(名词转译)As he ran out ,he forgot to have his shoes on .他跑出去时，忘记了穿鞋子。

2、转译成名词。

英语中的某些动词、形容词，翻译时可转换成汉语中的名词。

The earth on which we live is shaped a ball.我们居住的地球，形状象一个大球。

(动词转译)The doctor did his best to cure the sick and the wounded .医生尽了最大的努力来治疗病号和伤员。

(形容词转换)3、转译成形容词。

英语中有些作表语或宾语的抽象名词，以及某些形容词派生的名词，往往可转译成汉语中的形容词。

另外，当英语动词转译成汉语名词时，原来修饰该动词的副词也往往随之转译成汉语中的形容词。

It is no use employing radar to detect objects in water.使用雷达探测水下目标是没有用的。

(作表语的名词转译)The sun affects tremendously both the mind and body of a man .太阳对人的身体和精神都有极大的影响。

(副词转译)4、转译成副词。

英语中的某些名词、形容词，翻译时可转译成汉语中的副词。

When he catches a glimpse of a potential antagonist, his instinct is to win him over with charm and humor .只要一发现有可能反对他的人，他就本能地要用他的魅力和风趣将这些人争取过来。

浅析科技英语特点及其翻译方法

浅析科技英语特点及其翻译方法【摘要】随着科技的迅速发展和对外交流的日益广泛，科技英语翻译逐渐成为一门重要学科，本文主要介绍了科技英语的词汇和语法特点，结合翻译理论，从英译汉的角度举例分析和探讨了科技英语的翻译方法和技巧。

【关键词】科技英语词汇特点语法特点翻译方法和技巧随着现代科学技术的日新月异，对外科学技术相互交流的日益频繁和不断扩大，科技翻译需求量不断增加，因而，科技英语翻译越来越受到人们的广泛关注，掌握科技英语的翻译方法及技巧已成为掌握先进科学技术的一个重要条件，其意义不言而喻。

科技英语翻译工作者需要将翻译理论与科技领域基础知识和科技英语特点有机结合为一体才能在科技迅猛发展的今天更好的发挥其作用。

一、科技英语及其翻译概述科技英语(English for Science and Technology，简称EST)是一种重要的英语语体，也称作科技文体，由于科技英语既涵盖自然科学领域的各种知识和技术，也包括社会科学的各个领域，用其撰写学术著作、论文、实验报告、专利产品的说明书等，因此要求其具有专业性强、逻辑严密、语言严谨、数据精确等特点，从而决定科技英语中过多的使用专业术语、长句、词性转换、被动句和非谓语动词。

众所周知，翻译是把一种语言所表达的思维内容用另一种语言表达出来的跨语言、跨文化的语言交际活动，即这一过程不仅仅包括语言形式的转换，还要涉及到文化的转换。

因此，在科技英语翻译过程中，除了具备英语翻译扎实深厚的功底外，同时还必须深入熟知所译领域的专业基础知识和相关专业术语，了解和掌握科技英语的特点及翻译方法和技巧，从而达到准确、客观的还原原文。

二、科技英语的特点为了能准确、简洁、明了的叙述自然现象和事实及其发展过程、性质和特征，要求科技英语具有客观性、准确性和严密性，注重叙事逻辑上的连贯及表达上的明晰与畅达，避免行文晦涩。

科技英语力求平易和精确，避免使用旨在加强语言感染力和宣传效果的各种修辞格，以免使读者产生行文浮华、内容虚饰之感。

浅议大学英语教学中科技语篇翻译能力的培养

具有专业知识，又拥有扎实双语基础的复合型人才。这种社会趋势也体现在了大学英语教学上。２０年１０４月，国
家教育部颁布了《大学英语课程教学
２大学英语翻译教学的现状．
在高等院校的大学英语教学中，
翻译教学几乎无人间津，长期受到冷则普遍缺乏语篇意识，无法恰当使用落。一般来说，每年在很多高校对大翻译技巧，只会逐词对译，结果所生学英语进行教学安排的时候，都没有成的译文通常都很生硬、上下文缺乏
六级考试的翻译题型，这也会给学生都是在这一结构基础上组合起来的。
一
四、六级考试的翻译题型只测试一般单句，所以，大多数语言学家认为语篇分析应该是超句法分析（黄国文：
１８９８）。
３２语篇翻译。传统的翻译研究．
英语材料，成了他们不可避免会遇到
文化、科技交流越来越频繁，个社业翻译能力。鉴于此，本文将着重讨整会对外语的能力要求越来越高，因此
许多大学生都希望在毕业时能成为既
际功能、语境选择和文化属性等语篇
分析层面。因此，在真正的翻译实践中，当涉及到翻译整篇文章，尤其是
某些特殊领域的专业性文章时，学生
英的新题型，这让翻译教学成为了大学英语课堂的新要求，也让非英语专
点。
力去学习的。
内部在语言上的连贯。语篇应有一个
导致这种现象的原因也不全在
论题结构或逻辑结构，句子之间有一定的逻辑联系。语篇中的话段或句子般认为，语篇分析的界限不应小于

大学英语高级翻译讲义及答案

大学英语高级翻译讲义及答案篇一：全新大学英语课后翻译1. As it was a formal dinner party, I wore formal dress, as mother told me to.2. His girlfriend advised him to get out of/ get rid of his bad habit of smoking before it took hold.3. Anticipating that the demand for electricity will be high during the next few months, they have decided to increase its production.4. It is said that Bill has been fired for continually violating the company’s safety rules./ Bill is said to be fired for continually violating the company’s safety rules.5. It is reported that the government has taken proper measures to avoid the possibility of a severe water shortage./ The local government is reported to have taken proper measures to avoid the possibility of a severe water shortage.Unit 21. Half an hour had gone by, but the last bus hadn’t come yet. We had to walk home.2. Mary looks as if she is very worried about the Chinese exam because she hasn’t learned the texts by heart.3. Since the basketball match has been postponed, we might as well visit the museum.4. He stayed in Australia with his parents all the way through World War II.5. Since I graduated from Nanjing University in 1985, I have kind of lost touch with my classmates.Unit 31. As is predicted by scientists, global pollution has become one of the most serious problems humans are faced with.2. Competition for these jobs is very tough-we have five times as many applicants this year as we did last year/ there are five times as many applicants this year as there were last year.3. As the facts show, educational programs need to fit into the national plan for economic development.4. The car burns too much gas, and moreover, the price is almost twice as much as I intend to pay.5. To understand a great international event, we, first of all, need to consider the historical and political background to it.Unit 41. It is reported that the UN mediators have worked out a plan which they hope will be acceptable to both sides.2. Doris walked in the forest cautiously, afraid of being attacked by giant snakes.3. Earthquakes, typhoons and other natural disasters cannot be prevented, but action can be taken to protect life and property.4. I bought a new issue of my favorite sports magazine and hurried home, anxious to amuse myself reading it.5. Helen lacks confidence, I have never known anyone so unsure of herself.Unit 51. I am not sure where you can find a good carpenter--you’d better ask around.2. Feeling a little embarrassed, he quickly cleared his throat and looked up at the painting on the wall.3. Michael was survived by three sons, two daughters, and his wife Elizabeth.4. As a financial expert, William advised us to invest our money in the stock market.5. We small retailers can not compete with supermarkets in pricing and sales.1. Before I went off to university, my grandfather gave me a few words of wisdom which impressed me deeply.2. Never tell my parents about my injuries and I will be very grateful to you for it.3. At the meeting some of our colleagues put forward sensible suggestions about improving our working environment.4. The management has/ have agreed to grant the workers a 10% pay rise in response to union pressure.5. It was very thoughtful of the hostess to give the house a thorough cleaning before we arrived. Unit 71. A local business undertook the project but went bankrupt before it was completed.2. Let’s make a deal--you wash my car, and I’ll let you use it tonight.3. We got to village which we thought must have been wiped out in the severe earthquake, only to find it slightly damaged.4. My garden is dry and shady--few plants thrive in that condition.5. Mystery still surrounds the exact truth behind the film star’s death/ exact circumstan ces of the film star’s death.Unit 81. Without one’s personal file, an applicant can hardly expect to be/get employed as a teacher.2. With enough ice, we would be able to chill the drinks.3. In my humble opinion, reading is the most pleasant way to spend one’s leisure.4. Some people said it was a miracle that the American athlete Michael Phelps won eight gold medals at the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games.5. The washing machine has broken down, so we have to wash our clothesby hand.篇二：英语高级翻译学生材料讲义(1)英语高级翻译学生材料汉译英总论一、原文特点：1、题材2、体裁3、语言特点：语体偏正式二、增强汉译英能力的途径。

ESP科技翻译课程中的WHATWHERE与HOW因素

第33卷第2期湖北广播电视大学学报V ol.33, No.2 2013年2月 Journal of HuBei TV University February. 2013, 121～122浅谈ESP科技翻译课程中的WHAT、WHERE与HOW因素邹斯彧，李红梅（南昌工程学院，江西南昌 330099）[内容提要] ESP，即专门用途英语，在社会经济发展和语言学研究发展的前提下应运而生。

特定的职业需求，决定了ESP课程的教学目的、教学内容乃至教学方式都应区别于EGP（通用英语）教学，也就是普通大学英语教学。

除了常规的教材之外，ESP科技英语翻译课程的学生还应接触第一手的翻译材料。

该课程也可从传统的教室迁移只安装有翻译软件的翻译实验室，突出学生的主体性，培养学生自主学习的能力，提高学生的参与度，以实现更好的教学效果。

[关键词] 翻译软件；翻译材料；主体性[中图分类号] G642.3 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1008-7427（2013）02-0121-02ESP（English for Specific Purposes，专门用途英语），是相对EGP（English for General Purpose，通用英语）的概念。

它属于英语语言教学的一部分，但区别于普通大学英语教育。

作为应用语言学范畴中的一个重要研究内容，ESP的产生源于三个重要因素：社会经济发展的需要、语言学研究的发展和教育心理学对学习者和学习过程的关注。

由此，ESP 课程具有四个特点：①需求上满足特定的学习者；②内容上与特定专业和职业相关；③词汇句法和语篇上放在与特定专业、职业相关的活动的语言使用上；④与普通英语形成对比。

ESP课程所涉及的听力、阅读、写作、口语和翻译较之EGP 课程与学习者的本专业联系更加紧密。

以ESP科技翻译课程为例，其所培养的学生在未来所从事的专业领域中，将会比只接受EGP课程教育的学习者更加有效地胜任工作。

大学英语专业英汉翻译理论与实践例句及答案

大学英语专业英汉翻译理论与实践例句及答案(1)约翰现同父母住在纽约市；他不担任乐队指挥已三年了。

(2)他们称自己是英国人，(而他们)却害怕打仗。

(3) a.二战中，日本士兵侵略成性，声名狼藉。

b.他近来的发现使他名声大噪（声名鹊起）。

(4)天津女娃刘小源，一个才四岁的小不点，竟以一曲京剧花脸唱段倾倒了亿万电视观众。

(5)约翰为人可靠，是个既忠诚又正直的人。

(6) 今天，作为一个悲伤家庭的代表，我站在大家面前，此时此刻，全国哀悼，举世震惊。

(7) 伊梅尔达鼻子哼了一声：“没家教！我可不愿意让人说我从来不教自己的女儿要尊敬长辈。

”(8) 今天，广泛的一致看法是，用于繁殖的克隆是不安全的，应当被禁止。

现在，争论已经从制造婴儿的伦理问题转向了为得到用于医疗的细胞和组织而克隆胚胎的道德问题。

(9) 教练对队里的某些队员动粗而惹起了麻烦。

(10) 听小提琴演奏《梁祝》的甜美旋律，是少有的艺术享受。

(11) 谚语是凝聚着智慧的通俗话语，是它使得拉丁美洲人的言谈常常显得那么生动活泼。

从大学教授到田野农夫，从市井乞丐到摩登女郎，大家都在使用谚语。

谚语简洁明快，丰富多彩，但也往往带着刺。

Exercise A:从前我们穴居的祖先在烟雾弥漫的篝火前啃咬野猪骨头，而今天，我们都围坐在铺着雪白桌布，摆着铮亮刀叉的餐桌旁进餐。

这就是我们饮食习惯变革的历史：吃饭从只是为了充饥果腹，已发展成了一种相当复杂、但又令人愉快的社会习俗。

Lecture 22.（2）B. 这位不愿意透露姓名/身份的女士说，有位高僧告诉她，寺里大多数年轻僧人还未起床，他们熬夜看世界杯比赛，这些比赛要持续到后半夜。

C．In the village, anyway it is Lao Sun, the old chap, who is most deservedly a dab hand, for he can not only drive his horse-drawn cart, but ride on the horse, and even when he falls off the horseback, he is very much skilf ul: he would “click”to the ground with so clear a sound and so neat a move.(6) 在新加坡，数百艘商船抛锚停在港内，由于贸易萎缩而弃置不用/ 成了废物。

大学英语教材翻译课程内容

大学英语教材翻译课程内容翻译是大学英语教育中的重要课程之一。

通过翻译教学，学生可以提高英语的理解能力、表达能力以及跨文化交际能力。

下面将介绍大学英语教材翻译课程的内容。

第一部分：基础知识1. 语言学基础：学生需要了解语言学的基本概念，如词汇、语法、句子结构等。

同时，还需要学习一些翻译中常用的语言学术语和理论，如功能对等、形式对等等。

2. 翻译原则：学生需要熟悉翻译的基本原则，如忠实原则、信达原则等。

同时，还需要学习如何处理一些特殊情况，如语言难点、文化差异等。

第二部分：文本翻译1. 词汇翻译：学生需要学习如何准确地选择和使用词汇，以保证译文的准确性和流畅性。

2. 句子翻译：学生需要学习如何正确理解和翻译句子，包括句子的语法结构、语义关系等。

3. 短文翻译：学生需要学习除了处理句子翻译外，还需要注意整体结构和文体风格等方面的翻译。

第三部分：专业翻译1. 科技类翻译：学生需要学习如何翻译科技类文献，包括科学报告、学术论文等。

这部分的翻译要求学生具备一定的科技背景知识。

2. 文学类翻译：学生需要学习如何翻译文学作品，包括小说、诗歌等。

这部分的翻译要求学生具备一定的文学素养，同时还需要注意保持原文的文学风格和意境。

3. 商务类翻译：学生需要学习如何翻译商务文件，包括合同、商业信函等。

这部分的翻译要求学生具备一定的商务背景知识，同时还需要注意保持文件的法律效力和商业用语的准确性。

第四部分：实践活动为了提高学生的实际翻译能力，教材翻译课程通常还包括一些实践活动，如翻译练习、翻译实训等。

学生可以通过这些活动来提升自己的翻译技巧和翻译速度。

总结：大学英语教材翻译课程内容广泛，从基础知识到专业翻译，再到实践活动。

通过这门课程的学习，学生可以提高英语的理解和表达能力，培养跨文化交际能力，为将来从事翻译工作或跨国企业工作打下坚实的基础。