(完整word版)高一英语语法被动语态
高一英语必修二unit 3 语法 现在完成时的被动语态
现在完成时的被动语态一、结构:have / has been done二、用法:1)表示到现在为止已经完成的某个被动动作。
The new museum has already been completed(完成) recently.2)表示某个被动动作在说话之前发生,但对现在造成影响Your son has been sent to the hospital, so you needn’t worry too much.3)表示过去已经开始,持续到现在,也许还会持续下去的某个被动动作,往往与表示一段时间的状语连用(如for,since)等,或者so far, now, today, this week 等连用。
Computers have been widely used since the 1970s.三、副词的位置:often, usually, always, never, hardly, seldom 等副词置于have/ has 与been中间Such a man has hardly been believed.四、并不是所有动词都有被动语态。
只有及物动词才有被动语态,不及物动词(词组)没有被动语态, 如:happen, take place(发生), die, appear(出现), disappear(消失), remain, last(持续), sit , break out(爆发), come true(实现), belong to,consist of,run out(耗尽)等但许多不及物动词加介词或副词构成的短语动词,相当于及物动词,也可以有被动语态。
但短语动词是一个不可分割的整体,变为被动语态时,不可丢掉构成短语的介词或副词。
如look after, take care of,take off , look at, send for(请), look up(查词), look down upon (轻视),listened toThe child has been taken good care of by Grandma Wang all these years.把下面的主动句变为被动句1. We have completed all the preparations for the task, and we’re ready to start.2. This company has produced new types of computers.3. They have interviewed several teachers for the job.4. George has sent some texts and pictures to his friend’s cellphone.5. They have developed some programmes for the human resource department of their company.主动句与被动句的特殊情况一、含双宾语的被动I gave the book to Mr. Smith yesterday.直接宾语间接宾语——The book was given to Mr. Smith (by me) yesterday. ——Mr. Smith was given a book yesterday (by me) 1)give sb. sth/ give sth. to sb.sb be given sth.sth be given to sb.2)bring sb. sth. / bring sth. to sb.sb. be brought sth.sth. be brought to sb.3)tell sb. sth. / tell sth. to sb.sb. be told sth.sth. be told to sb.4)buy sb. sth. / buy sth. for sb.sb be bought sth.sth. be bought for sb.二、不带to的不定式在变为被动语态时要还原to,包括感官动词(see, watch, hear等)和使役动词(make, let, have)1)I heard her cry last night. →She was heard to cry last night.2)The boss makes them work all day and all night. →They are made to work all day and all night.三、当主动句的宾语是that引导的宾语从句,可转换为两种形式的被动句。
(完整word)高中英语被动语态讲解与练习(含答案)-推荐文档
高中英语被动语态总结一、被动语态的构成形式1.被动语态的基本时态变化被动语态通常为十种时态的被动形式.被动语态由be+过去分词构成, be随时态的变化而变化。
以do为例, 各种时态的被动语态形式为:1.am/is/ar.+don.(过去分词.一般现在时. 2.ha./hav.bee.don.现在完成时3.am/i./ar.bein.don.现在进行时4.was/wer.don.一般过去时5.ha.bee.don.过去完成时6.was/wer.bein.don.过去进行时7.shall/wil.b.don.一般将来时8.should/woul.b.don.过去将来时9.shall/wil.hav.bee.don.将来完成时(少用)10.should/woul.hav.bee.don.过去将来完成时(少用)2.被动语态的特殊结构形式1)带情态动词的被动结构。
其形式为: 情态动词+be+过去分词。
例Th.bab.shoul.b.take.goo.car.o.b.th.baby-sitter.2.有些动词可以有两个宾语, 在用于被动结构时, 可以把主动结构中的一个宾语变为主语, 另一宾语仍然保留在谓语后面。
通常变为主语的是间接宾语。
例Hi.mothe.gav.hi..presen.fo.hi.birthday.可改.H.wa.give..presen.b.hi.mothe.fo.hi.birthday.3.当“动词+宾语+宾语补足语”结构变为被动语态时, 将宾语变为被动结构中的主语, 其余不动。
例Someon.caugh.th.bo.smokin..cigarette.可改为Th.bo.wa.caugh.smokin..cigarette.4)在使役动词have.make.get以及感官动词see.watch.notice.hear.feel.observe等后面不定式作宾语补语时, 在主动结构中不定式to要省略, 但变为被动结构时, 要加to。
(完整word版)八种时态主动语态被动语态
八种时态主动语态被动语态一般现在时(经常,反复,爱好,特点,条件,真理) do; does am;is;are done一般过去时(过去发生的事,不强调现在的结果) did; -ed was;were done一般将来时(将要发生的事) will do will be done现在进行时(现在正在发生的事) am;is;are doing am;is;are being done过去进行时(当时正在发生的事) was;were doing was;were being done现在完成时(过去发生的事,强调现在的结果) have;has done have;has been done过去完成时(过去完成的事;过去以前发生的事) had done had been done过去将来时(过去将要发生的事) would do would be done八种时态:• He is always ready to help others. 一般现在时• She often came to help us in those days.一般过去式• He is doing his homework now. 现在进行时• At that time she was doing her homework.过去进行时• I've written an article.现在完成时• By the end of last month. We had reviewed four books 。
过去完成时• It is going to rain.一般将来时• I asked who was going there. 过去将来时一般现在时1.概念:经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。
2.时间状语:always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month…), once a week, on Sundays,3.基本结构:动词原形(如主语为第三人称单数,动词上要改为第三人称单数形式)4.否定形式:am/is/are+not;此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词,则在其前加don't,如主语为第三人称单数,则用doesn't,同时还原行为动词。
被动语态详解(Word版)
被动语态详解一、语态分类英语动词有两种语态,主动语态和被动语态。
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者,被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
如:They will build a new bridge over the river. (主动)A new bridge will be built over the river. (被动)汉语中常用“被”、“给”、“由”、“受”等词用来表示被动,而英语用:助动词be+及物动词的过去分词构成。
二、被动语态的时态、人称和数的变化(1)主要体现在be的变化上,其形式与系动词be 的变化形式完全一样。
以give为例,列表如下:一般现在时:am / is / are + given一般过去时:was / were +given一般将来时:shall / will + given一般过去将来时:should / would + given现在进行时:am / is / are + being + given过去进行时:was / were + being + given现在完成时:have / has + been + given过去完成时:had + been + given将来完成时:shall / will + have been + given过去将来完成时:should / would + have been + given 注:被动语态没有将来进行时和过去将来进行时。
(2)含有情态动词的被动语态:含有情态动词的被动语态是由“情态动词+be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。
①You must hand in your compositions after class.Your compositions must be handed in after class.②He can write a great many letters with the computer.A great many letters can be written with the computer by him.(3)主动语态变被动语态的方法:①My aunt invited me to her dinner party.主语谓语宾语→I was invited (by my aunt ) to her dinner party.主语谓语宾语②The school set up a special class to help poor readers. →A special class to help poor readers was set up in the school.1.把主动语态的宾语变成被动语态的主语。
高一英语必背语法知识点5篇分享
高一英语必背语法知识点5篇分享高一英语语法1各种时态的被动语态被动语态概述被动语态的概念:它是动词的一种形式,表示主语与谓语之间的执行或被执行关系.主动语态表示主语是谓语动作的执行者,例如:They saw thelittle boy crying by the river. 被动语态表示主语是谓语动作的承受者,例如:The little boy was seencrying by the river.被动语态的构成被动语态的形式是由〝助动词be+动词的过去分词〞构成.助动词be随着主语的人称.数.时态等的不同而变化.几种常见时态的被动语态形式如下:1. 一般现在时 am/is/are + 过去分词例如:Rice is planted in the south of China.2. 一般过去时 was/were + 过去分词例如:These trees were planted the year before last.3. 一般将来时 will/shall + be + 过去分词例如:A sports meeting will be held ne_t week in our school.4. 现在进行时 am/is/are + being + 过去分词例如:Your radio is being repaired now.5. 过去进行时 was/were + being + 过去分词When he got there, the problem was being discussed.6. 现在完成时 have/has + been + 过去分词His work has been finished.Has his work been finished? Yes, it has. / No, it hasn’t.7. 过去完成时 had + been + 过去分词高一英语语法2一般将来时1. 表示将来发生的动作或存在的状态, 常与表示将来的时间状语连用.[例句] I don’t know what will happen in the future.2. 常用来表示将来时的结构包括:(1) shall / will + 动词原形:(单纯) 表将来, 一般不用于条件句.(2) be going to + 动词原形:(计划)打算做…….(3) be about to + 动词原形:即将或正要去做某事,通常不与时间状语连用,但可与when引导的从句连用.(4) be to + 动词原形:预定要做…….(5) be doing 表示按计划.安排即将发生的动作,常与go, start, set out, leave, reach, arrive,return, come, move等表位移的动词连用.高一英语语法3(二) 内容一致原则: 1.主语中有all, half, most, the rest等,以及〞分数或百分数+名词〞做主语时,谓语动词单复数取决于连用的名词.如: The rest of the bikes are on sale today.剩下的自行车, 今天出售. 60%of the apple was eaten by little boy. 这个苹果的60%都被这个小男孩吃了. Mostof the apples were rotten. 大部分的苹果都是烂的. Most of the apple was eaten by a rat.这个苹果的大部分被老鼠吃了. 2. 不定数量的词组, 如:part of , a lot of ,lots of , one of , a number of, plenty of等作主语时, 第3 / 7页谓语动词的单复数取决于量词后面名词的数.如: A part of the te_tbooks havearrived. 一小部分教科书已运到. A part of the apple has been eaten up by the pig.这个苹果的一部分被猪吃光了. 3. 加减乘除用单数.如: Fifteen minus five is ten . _减去5等于_. 4. 表示时间, 金钱,距离, 度量等的名词做主语时, 尽管是复数形式, 它们做为一个单一的概念时, 其谓语动词用单数.如: Ten miles is a good distance.十英里是一个相当的距离. 5. (1) 通常作复数的集体名词. 包括police , people, cattle 等, 这些集体名词通常用作复数.如: TheBritish police have only very limited powers. (2) 通常作不可数名词的集体名词. 包括equipment,furniture, clothing, luggage 等. (3) 可作单数也可作复数的集体名词. 包括 audience, committee,government, family, enemy, group, party, team, public 等.如: The committeehas/have decided to dismiss him. 委员会决定解雇他. 6. the +形容词/过去分词形式〞表示一类人或事物, 作主语时,谓语动词用复数.如: The injured were saved after the fire.高一英语语法4一般过去时1. 表示过去某一时间发生的动作或存在的状态.[例句] She went to the zoo yesterday.2. 在时间.条件状语从句中代替过去将来时.[例句] He said when she came he would tell her.高一英语语法5虚拟条件句的倒装虚拟条件句的从句部分如果含有were, should, 或had, 可将if省略,再把were, should或had移到从句句首,实行倒装.Were they here now, they could help us.=If they were here now, they could help us.Had you come earlier, you would have met him=If you had come earlier, you would have met him.Should it rain, the crops would be saved.=Were it to rain, the crops would be saved.注意:在虚拟语气的从句中,动词 be 的过去时态一律用 were ,不用was, 即在从句中be用were代替.If I were you, I would go to look for him.如果我是你,就会去找他.If he were here, everything would be all right.如果他在这儿,一切都会好的._高一英语必背语法知识点精选5篇分享。
(完整word版)八种时态主动语态被动语态
八种时态主动语态被动语态一般现在时(经常,反复,爱好,特点,条件,真理) do; does am;is;are done一般过去时(过去发生的事,不强调现在的结果) did; -ed was;were done一般将来时(将要发生的事) will do will be done现在进行时(现在正在发生的事) am;is;are doing am;is;are being done过去进行时(当时正在发生的事) was;were doing was;were being done现在完成时(过去发生的事,强调现在的结果) have;has done have;has been done过去完成时(过去完成的事;过去以前发生的事) had done had been done过去将来时(过去将要发生的事) would do would be done八种时态:• He is always ready to help others. 一般现在时• She often came to help us in those days.一般过去式• He is doing his homework now. 现在进行时• At that time she was doing her homework.过去进行时• I've written an article.现在完成时• By the end of last month. We had reviewed four books 。
过去完成时• It is going to rain.一般将来时• I asked who was going there. 过去将来时一般现在时1.概念:经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。
2.时间状语:always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month…), once a week, on Sundays,3.基本结构:动词原形(如主语为第三人称单数,动词上要改为第三人称单数形式)4.否定形式:am/is/are+not;此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词,则在其前加don't,如主语为第三人称单数,则用doesn't,同时还原行为动词。
高中英语人教版:必修一+被动语态+Word版
被动语态(一)简介在英语中,语态是动词的一种形式,表示主语和谓语的关系。
英语动词有两种语态,即主动语态和被动语态。
主动语态(active voice) 表示主语是动作的执行者;被动语态(passive voice)表示主语是动作的承受者。
如:Saddam is being tried. 萨达姆正在接受审判。
The Iraqi government is trying Saddam. 伊拉克政府正在审判萨达姆。
More and more people use computers now.(主动语态)Computers are more and more widely used now.(被动语态)English is spoken all over the world. (被动语态)(二)英汉两种语言在表达被动方式上的差异汉语表达被动语态非常简单明了,用“被”“遭”“受”等词来表示,如“被捕”、“被杀”、“受到凌辱”等。
而英语表达被动的方式也不复杂,用“助动词be+动词的过去分词”表示。
其中助动词be有人称、数量和时态的变化,而这正是英语被动语态的难点。
(三)被动语态的构成被动语态由“be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。
这里要强调一定是及物动词的过去分词,因为不及物动词不能带宾语,也就不可能有被动语态。
英语主动语态有16个时态;被动语态常用的有8个,以give为例说明如下:被动语态的疑问句是将第一个助动词移到主语之前、句末用问号;否定式是在第一个助动词后加not 或never等其他否定词、句末用句号。
如:“During the interview, were you asked questions in English?” “No, I wasn’t asked questions in English.” “面试的时候,用英语问你问题了吗?”“没有,没有用英语问我问题。
”The origin of the universe will probably never be explained. 宇宙的起源大概永远也不会被解释清楚。
(完整word版)被动语态的用法
被动语态的用法学习被动语态的几个问题被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式,表示句子中的主语是动作的承受者,汉语往往用“被"、“受”、“给”等词来表示被动意义。
1. 被动语态的各种时态被动语态(The Passive Voice)是动词的一种形式,表示主语是谓语动词的承受者。
被动语态便于论述客观事实,故常用于科技文章、新闻报道、书刊介绍以及景物描写.被动语态没有将来进行时、过去将来进The boy is called Johnson.2)一般过去时 Where were you educated?3)一般将来时 The result will not be announced until 6 o’clock.4)现在进行时 The road is being repaired。
5)过去进行时 He was being looked after by his sister.6)现在完成时 She hasn’t been told about it yet.7)过去完成时 She told me that the factory had been closed down.8)将来完成时 This project will have been completed by the end of this year.2。
主动语态变被动语态需要注意的几个问题。
(1)时态保持一致。
The teacher punished him many times for his lateness。
He has been punished many times for his lateness。
(2)谓语为动词短语的被动语态不能丢掉动词短语的介词或副词。
His best friend often looks after him.被动语态He is often looked after by his best friend。
(3)主动语态中若有双宾语,将其中一个宾语变为被动句的主语,另一个宾语不变。
高一英语语法重点总结 - 被动语态
3. 被动语态的构成 • 被动语态的形式是由“助动词be+动词的过去分词”构成。助动词be随着主 语的人称、数、时态和语气的不同而变化。 • 各种时态的被动语态形式如下: • 1. 一般现在时 am/is/are+V(p.p) Electricity is used to run machines. 人们利 用电能运转机器。 • 2. 一般过去时 was/were + V(p.p) • Many trees were planted on the hill yesterday. 昨天我们在山坡上种了许多 树。 • 3. 一般将来时 will/shall +be+V(p.p) A sports meeting will be held next week. 下星期我们将举行一场运动会。 • 4. 过去将来时 should/would +be+V(p.p) • We were told that a big reservoir would be built in his hometown. 他告诉我 们人们将在他家乡建一个大水坝。
2. 被动语态的使用时机 • 被动语态的使用往往不是任意的,而是按照表达思想,描述事物的需要, 通常在下列情况下使用被动语态。
• • • • • • •
1. 不知道或不必说出动作的执行者。 This book has been translated into many languages. 这本书已被翻译成 许多种语言。 2. 动作的对象是谈话的中心。 A new railway will be built in our hometown. 我们家乡将建一条新铁路。 3. 修辞的需要,为了使句子更加简练匀称。 He appeared on the stage and was warmly applauded by the audience. 他出现在舞台上受到了观众的热烈欢迎。 注:被动语态便于论述客观事实,故常用于科技文章,新闻报道, 书刊介绍及景物描写。
完整word版,双宾语的被动语态
双宾语的句子变被动含有双宾语的动词在变为被动语态时,有以下三种情形:一、有些双宾动词(如award, buy, give, leave, lend, offer, pay, show, teach, tell 等)在变为被动语态时,既可把间接宾语(指人)变为被动语态的主语,而把直接宾语(指事物)保留下来(称为保留宾语),也可把直接宾语(指事物)变为被动语态的主语,而把间接宾语改为介词to 或for引起的状语(到底用to还是for,与所搭配的动词有关)。
比较:He gave her some money. 他给她一些钱。
→ She was given some money.→Some money was given to him.He bought her a watch. 他给她买了一快表。
→ A watch was bought for her.→She was bought a watch.二、有些双宾动词(如bring, do, make, pass, sell, send, sing, write等)通常用直接宾语(指事物)作被动语态的主语,而将间接宾语用作保留宾语(其前根据情况用介词to或for):Father made me a doll.→ A doll was made for me.He wrote her a letter.→ A letter was written to her.三、有些双宾动词(如answer, deny, envy, refuse, save, spare等)通常用间接宾语(指人)作被动语态的主语,而将直接宾语用作保留宾语:He answered me that question.→ I was answered that question by him.双宾语的句子变被动有两种变法。
例:The old man told us a story yesterday.(那位老人昨天给我们讲了一个故事。
(完整word版)被动语态讲解及练习题
被动语态(the Passive V oice)用法小结一.语态语态是表示主语和谓语的关系的。
如果主语是动作的执行者,动词要用主动语态;如果主语是动作的承受者,动词就要用被动语态。
二.被动语态的基本结构 be + 过去分词(人称.数。
时态的变化都体现在助动词be的变化上)e。
g. People use English freely. (主动句)English is used (by people) freely. (被动句)三.几种时态的被动语态1.一般现在时结构:主语+am / is / are +donee.g. 主动句:She cleans her room every day。
被动句:Her room is cleaned (by her) every day. (肯定句)否定句:Her room isn’t cleaned (by her) every day.一般疑问句:Is her room cleaned (by her) every day?注意:被动句的be助动词的变化应按被动句中新主语的人称和数而变化,其时态应与主动句的时态一致.2。
一般过去时结构:主语+was / were +donee.g。
主动句:The workers made the VCD last week。
被动句:The VCD was made by the workers last week。
(肯定句)否定句: The VCD wasn't made by the workers last week.一般疑问句:Was the VCD made by the workers last week?3. 一般将来时结构:主语+will be +donee。
g。
主动句:My father will send me to America soon。
被动句: 肯定句:I will be sent to America by my father soon。
【英语】 动词被动语态考点解析(Word版附答案)经典1
【英语】动词被动语态考点解析(Word版附答案)经典1一、动词被动语态1.—Do you know the famous artist in red?—Sure. He to the art festival in our city every year.A. invitesB. invitedC. is invitedD. was invited【答案】 C【解析】【分析】句意:——你认识那个穿红色衣服的著名艺术家吗?——当然,他每年都被邀请参加我市的艺术节。
根据every year,每年,可知句子时态是一般现在时。
主语和谓语之间是被动关系,可知,要用一般现在时的被动语态,其构成为am/ is/ are +done,主语是三单,用is,故选C。
【点评】此题考查一般现在时的被动语态。
注意一般现在时被动语态的结构。
2.John can't go to the party on Thursday because he to go out on school nights.A. allowedB. is allowedC. isn't allowed【答案】C【解析】【分析】be+动词的过去分词构成被动语态,其否定形式为be+not+动词过去分词,句意:John不能参加周四的聚会,因为他在工作日的晚上不被允许外出。
故选C。
【点评】考查被动语态的用法。
3.Jack told the librarian that the book _______as soon as he finished reading it.A. was returnedB. would be returnedC. has been returnedD. will be returned 【答案】 B【解析】【分析】句意:Jack告诉图书管理员这本书他一读完就会归还。
was returned是一般过去时态的被动语态;would be returned是过去将来时的被动语态;has been returned 是现在完成时的被动语态;will be returned是一般将来时态的被动语态。
【英语】动词被动语态知识点总结(word)
【英语】动词被动语态知识点总结(word)一、动词被动语态1.— Waiter! I'd like some beef and a vegetable salad.—Sorry, madam. They ___only for lunch. Why not consider _________something else?A. served; to orderB. served; orderingC. are served; orderingD. are served; to order 【答案】 C【解析】【分析】句意:——服务员!我想要一些牛肉和一份蔬菜沙拉。
——对不起,女士,他们只在午饭提供。
为什么不考虑点别的东西?根据they和serve的关系是被动的,被提供,可知填入are served,结合短语consider doing sth,考虑做某事,可知第二个空填入ordering,故选C。
【点评】考查被动语态和短语consider doing sth,注意语态和短语的用法。
2.—A new bridge in our hometown last year.— Really? Our hometown must be more beautiful.A. is builtB. was builtC. built【答案】 B【解析】【分析】句意:-去年,在我们故乡建了一座新的桥梁。
-真的吗?我们故乡一定更美了。
A. is built一般现在时态的被动语态;B. was built一般过去时态的被动语态;C. built一般过去时态的主动语态。
本题描述的是去年发生的过去动作,句子用一般过去时态;主语bridge是谓语动词build的承受者,句子用被动语态。
故选B。
【点评】此题考查一般过去时的被动语态。
3.Dr Bethune ________ still________ in both China and Canada today.A. is; rememberedB. is; rememberingC. will; rememberD. has; remembered【答案】A【解析】【分析】句意:如今白求恩医生仍然被中国和加拿大的人民记着。
(完整word版)英语语法:主动语态与被动语态的转换规则
英语语法:主动语态与被动语态的转换规则一、主动语态和被动语态概说英语的语态分主动语态和被动语态,主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者,而被动语态则表示主语是动作的承受者。
被动语态由“助动词be+过去分词”构成:Everybody likes him. 大家都喜欢他。
(主动语态)He is liked by everybody。
他受到大家的喜欢.(被动语态)二、主动语态变被动语态的方法1。
主动语态变被动语态的基本方法将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语,将主动谓语变为被动谓语(be+过去分词),将主动语态的主语变为by短语(在被动句中用作状语):He broke the cup. → The cup was broken by him。
【注意】若不强调动词执行者,被动语态中的by短语通常能够省略:He was born in 1986. 他生于1986年。
What is this flower called?这种花叫什么花?2。
双宾动词的被动语态双宾动词即指带双宾语的动词,它们在变为被动语态时,通常是把间接宾语(指人)变为被动语态的主语,而把直接宾语(指事物)保留下来(称为保留宾语):He answered me that question. → I was answered that question by him.有的动词则通常把直接宾语(指事物)变为被动语态的主语,而把间接宾语改为介词to 或for引起的状语(到底用to还是for,与所搭配的动词相关):He wrote her a letter. → A letter was written to her. (与动词write 搭配用介词to)She made him a new coat。
→ A new coat was made for him. (与动词make搭配用介词for)有时以上两种方式均可用:He gave her some money。
最新 动词被动语态考点解析(Word版附答案)1
最新动词被动语态考点解析(Word版附答案)1一、动词被动语态1.— Waiter! I'd like some beef and a vegetable salad.—Sorry, madam. They ___only for lunch. Why not consider _________something else?A. served; to orderB. served; orderingC. are served; orderingD. are served; to order 【答案】 C【解析】【分析】句意:——服务员!我想要一些牛肉和一份蔬菜沙拉。
——对不起,女士,他们只在午饭提供。
为什么不考虑点别的东西?根据they和serve的关系是被动的,被提供,可知填入are served,结合短语consider doing sth,考虑做某事,可知第二个空填入ordering,故选C。
【点评】考查被动语态和短语consider doing sth,注意语态和短语的用法。
2.—Is everything ____ we need to do ____?—Yes. You needn't worry about it.A. which; has doneB. which; doingC. that; has doneD. that; done【答案】 D【解析】【分析】句意:—我们所需要做的一切都做了吗?—是的,你们不必担心。
本题考查定语从句和被动语态。
在定语从句中,当先行词是everything时,关系代词用that。
第二个空用done,和Is构成被动结构,故答案为D.【点评】此题考查定语从句和被动语态。
3.— Waiter, I'd like a hot wing hamburger and corn salad.— Sorry, sir. They ________ only for lunch and dinner. Why not consider ________ something else?A. serve; to orderB. served; orderingC. are served; orderingD. served; to order 【答案】 C【解析】【分析】句意:—服务员,我想要一个香辣鸡翅汉堡和玉米沙拉。
【英语】 动词被动语态考点解析(Word版附答案)经典
【英语】动词被动语态考点解析(Word版附答案)经典一、动词被动语态1.The weatherman says a rain shower ______ this afternoon in the south.A. expectsB. expectedC. is expectedD. was expected【答案】C【解析】【分析】气象员说今天下午预计南方将出现阵雨。
本题考查动词的语态和时态。
从句中因为"a rain shower"做主语,可知应用被动语态,又因为"阵雨被预料”这件事发生在现在,所以用一般现在时。
故答案为C。
【点评】此题考查一般现在时的被动语态。
要熟记各个时态被动语态的构成。
2.Tu Youyou is the first Chinese to win the Noble Prize in Medicine, she by more people nowadays.A. knowB. knowsC. is knownD. was known【答案】 C【解析】【分析】句意:屠呦呦在医药方面第一个获得诺贝尔奖的中国人,现如今她被更多的中国人知道。
A,know 一般现在时,B,knows一般现在时,主语是第三人称单数。
C,is known被知道一般现在时的被动语态。
D,was known被知道一般过去时的被动语态。
由题意可知她被知道,故答案选C【点评】本题考查一般现在时的被动语态。
以及know,knows,is known,was known四个词的意思和时态语态的区别。
3.The students of Class One_________ how to do the experiment in class yesterday.A. taughtB. was taughtC. were taught【答案】 C【解析】【分析】句意是:在昨天的课堂上学生们被教了怎样做实验。
(完整word版)被动语态详解及分类练习(包括句子翻译)
一、被动语态1) 被动语态最基本的句型结构是:be + Vp.p (及物动词过去分词)be 动词可以随时态人称的变化而变化一、被动语态的用法:1. 一般现在时的被动语态构成:is / am / are + 及物动词的过去分词Our classroom is cleaned every day.I am asked to study hard by my mother.Knives are used for cutting things.2. 一般过去时的被动语态构成:was / were + 及物动词的过去分词A new shop was built last year.Dinosaur eggs were laid long long ago.3. 现在完成时的被动语态构成:has / have + been + 及物动词的过去分词This book has been translated into many languages.Many man-made satellites have been sent up into space by many countries.4. 一般将来时的被动语态构成:will+ be + 及物动词的过去分词A new hospital will be built in our city.Many more trees will be planted next year.5. 含有情态动词的被动语态构成:情态动词+ be + 及物动词的过去分词Young trees must be watered often.Your mistakes should be corrected right now.The door may be locked inside.Your homework can be handed in tomorrow.6. 现在进行时的被动语态构成:am / is / are + being + 及物动词的过去分词Uncle Wang is mending my bike now.→My bike is being repaired by Tom now.They ar e planting trees over there. →7. 不定式的被动语态:to + be + 及物动词的过去分词There are two books to be read. →There are twenty more trees to be planted.练习:1. The boy ______ to get supper ready after school yesterday.A. were toldB. is tellingC. was toldD. tells2. A lot of new roads ______ built in the west of China in ten years.A. mustB. will beC. hasD. have3. Chinese _______ by the largest number of people.A. speakB. is speakingC. speaksD. is spoken4. The old stone bridge ___ next week.A.is going to be rebuiltB. will be rebuildC. are going to be rebuiltD. will rebuild5. The coat___her sister.A. made toB. were made forC. was made forD. was made to2) 被动语态中的谓语动词一定要是及物动词原则上,只有及物动词才有被动语态,但是,许多不及物动词加上介词或者副词,变成及物动词短语如look after, think of, take care of, work out, laugh at等,这时也可有被动语态。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性,平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益,请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间:9:00-18:30)。
被动语态
一、构成
被动语态由be+过去分词构成,be随时态的变化而变化。
各种时态的被动语态
1) am/is/are +done (过去分词) 一般现在时
例Visitors are requested not to touch the exhibits. 2)has /have been done 现在完成时
例All the preparations for the task have been completed, and we're ready to start.
3)am/is /are being done 现在进行时
例A new cinema is being built here.
4)was/were done 一般过去时
例I was given ten minutes to decide whether I should reject the offer.
5)had been done 过去完成时
例By the end of last year, another new gymnasium had been completed in Beijing.
6)was/were being done 过去进行时
例A meeting was being held when I was there.
7)shall/will be done 一般将来时
例Hundreds of jobs will be lost if the factory closes.
8)should/would be done 过去将来时
例The news would be sent to the soldier's mother as soon as it arrived.
二、被动语态的特殊结构形式
1)带情态动词的被动结构。
其形式为:情态动词+be+过去分词。
例The baby should be taken good care of by the baby-sitter.
2)接双宾语的动词的主动语态改为被动语态时有两种情况:
①把间接宾语改为被动语态的主语,直接宾语仍保留原位;
②把直接宾语改为主动语态的主语,此时,间接宾语前要加介词to或for。
如:He gave the boy an apple.→The boy was given an apple.(或An apple was given to the boy.不再是双宾结构)
Her father bought her a present.→She was bought a present by her father.(或A present was bought for her by her father.不再是双宾结构)
4)在使役动词have, make, get以及感官动词see, watch, notice, hear, feel, observe等后面不定式作宾语补语时,在主动结构中不定式to要省略,但变为被动结构时,要加to。
例Someone saw a stranger walk into the building. 可改为A stranger was seen to walk into the building.
5) 有些相当于及物动词的动词词组,如“动词+介词”,“动词+副词”等,也可以用于被动结构,但要把它们看作一个整体,不能分开。
其中的介词或副词也不能省略。
这类词包括: look after, talk about, set up, put off, put up with, pay attention to, take care of 等。
例The meeting is to be put off till Friday.
三、为何使用被动语态
1. 讲话者不知道动作的执行者或不必说出动作的执行者(这时可省by 短语)。
例My bike was stolen last night.
2. 为了更好地安排句子。
例The well-known person got on the bus and was immediately recognized by people. (一个主语就够了)
四、It is said that+从句及其他类似句型
一些表示“据说”或“相信”的动词如believe, consider, expect, report, say, suppose, think等可以用于句型“It+be+过去分词+that从句”或“主语+be+过去分词+to do sth.”。
有:
It is said that… 据说,It is reported that…据报道,It is believed that…大家相信,It is hoped that…大家希望,It is well known that…众所周知,It is thought that…大家认为,It is suggested that…据建议。
例It is said that the boy has passed the national exam. (=The boy is said to have passed the national exam. )
五、主动表被动的特殊用法
1有些动词当它们和well, badly, easily等副词连用时,表示主语内在品质或性能,用主动表示被动,常见的有:write, read, clean, sell, wash, cook 等。
如:
The cloth washes easily. The pen writes smoothly.
试比较:The door won't lock.(指门本身有毛病)
The door won't be locked.(指不会有人来锁门, 指“门没有锁”是人的原因)
2 某些连系动词:look, feel, smell, taste, sound, prove, appear等,用主动表示被动,常接形容词或名词作表语。
e.g. Your idea sounds reasonable. What he said proved to be correct.
3. 表示“发生、进行”的不及物动词和短语,如:happen, last, take place, break out, come out, come about, come true, run out, give out, turn out等以主动形式表示被动意义。
例How do the newspapers come out? 这些报纸是如何引出来的呢?
The party turned out to be very successful.
His dream will come true sooner or later.
Our food supply has given out.
4.在need,want,require, bear等词的后面,动名词用主动形式表示被动意义,其含义相当于动词不定式的被动形式。
例The house needs repairing(to be repaired).这房子需要修理。
5.形容词worth后面跟动名词的主动形式表示被动含义,但不能跟动词不定式;而worthy后面跟动词不定式的被动形式。
例The picture-book is well worth reading.(=The picture-book is very worthy to be read.)
6. 不定式在某些形容词后作状语且和句子的主语(或宾语)构成逻辑上的动宾关系时此类形容词包括:difficult, comfortable, pleasant, fit, interesting, unfit, light, heavy, dangerous, etc.
The sentence is easy to understand. She found the problem hard to deal with.
7.不定式作名词的后置定语,和被修饰的名词有逻辑上的动宾关系,同时和该句主语构成逻辑上的主谓关系,不定式常用主动形式表被动含义:
She had only a cold room to live in. I have a meeting to attend.
She has many children to look after I gave him a cake to eat
8. 在be to do结构中的一些不定式:这种结构中的不定式通常应用主动表被动。
下列动词用不定式的主动形式表示被动意义:rent, blame, let
Who is to blame for starting the fire?。