口译笔记常用缩略与符号-附练习一篇
笔记 口译常用缩写
(Note-taking: Useful Signs and Abbreviations)1.常用笔记符号:符号信息意义箭头符号↑上升;提高;增强;上涨;增长;扩大;起飞;升空;提拔;晋升(grow, expand, develop, rise, go up, increase , ascend, launch, skyrocket[使...上升], soar, appreciation[增值], promote[促进], upwards)↓下降;下沉;降低;滑坡;轰炸;减少;恶化;降职;削减/裁减(drop to, bomb, jump, go down, descend, decrease, deteriorate, depreciation[贬值], reduce, downwards)↗上扬;渐渐好转(become better and better)↘下挫;不断亏损(become worse and worse)→出口;去;向前;出国;前往;运往;导致;发展成为… (export to, enter, arrive in/at, present to, result in, send to, transmit to, lead to, export to, cause)←回顾;从前;进口;倒退;来自;源于(come from, originate from, receive from, go back to, import from)例如:café ← French意为: café源自于法语数学符号+ 增加;补充;除此之外另外(furthermore, in addition to, with, and, besides, etc)—减少;删除;缺乏(minus, lack)×表示“不对的,错的,坏的,不好的,臭名昭著的”(incorrect, wrong, bad, inappropriate, notorious)> 超过,大于,胜过,优于(more than, bigger than, surpass, better than, superior to)< 小于,不足,次于,逊色(fewer than, less than, worse than, inferior to)= 等于符号(equal) 在听力笔记中相当于“与…一样”(equal to, the same as),另外可以表示“是…的对手“(a ri-val, a competitor)等意思。
(完整word版)口译笔记符号汇总,推荐文档
二. 货币简写三.时间简写四.度量衡五. 缩略词六.较长单词的处理办法七.字母、图像、符号一、缩略词英语当中缩略词使用的频率很高,如IMP: important, ASAP: as soon as possible。
很显然如果能熟练掌握缩略词,会对考试大有裨益。
缩略词的写法一般为四种方式:F拿掉所有元音MKT: marketMGR: managerMSG: messageSTD: standardRCV: receiveF保留前几个字母INFO informationINS insuranceEXCH exchangeI owe you IOUIn stead of I/OF保留开头和结尾个发音字母WK weekRM roomPL peopleF根据发音R areTHO thoughTHRU through二、字母、图像Z 表示"人"people/person,因为"Z"看上去像个人头,它通常被写在一个词或符号的右上角。
例如:日本人:JZ。
C 表示政府,统治:government,govern 希腊字母C读/ga:ma/,近似government, 所以就用C来表示govern, government。
governmental official 可以表示为 CZ P 表示政治:politics, political希腊字母P读/pai/,近似politics, political。
那么politician就可以表示为 PZE 表示总数:total, totally, entire, entirely, on the whole, all in all, to sum up, ect. E 数学符号表示总值。
G 表示效率:efficient, effective。
G为效率符号。
Q 表示"通货膨胀":inflation因为这个符号酷似一个上升的气球。
口译笔记符号大汇总(超全整理版_方便直接背诵)
Conform
CFM
Commission
CMI
Complete
CMP
Concern/concerning/concerned
CONC
Condition
COND
Communication
CMU
Compete/competitive
CMPE
Certificate
CERT
Company
CO.
Departure
∧转折
cross out/eliminate
/否定/消除
question/issue
?问题/疑惑/难题
wonder/miracle/pay attesion to
!惊叹/特别注意
matchless/peerless
无敌
say/speak/talk/marks/ announce/declare
:说/认为/希望
acptd
-able/ible/ble
bl
available
avbl
-ment
mt
amendment
amdmt
-ize
z
recognize
regz
-ful
fl
meaningful
mnfl
七.字母、图像、符号
原词
速记符号
原词
速记符号
people/person人
o右上角
Janpanese日本人
JPo
Government/govern
”d
tomorrow
d’
the day after tomorrow
d’ ’
day by day/everyday
口译中笔记法重点符号汇总
口译笔记速记符号归总缩略词英语当中缩略词使用的频率很高,如IMP: important, ASAP: as soon as possible。
很显然如果能熟练掌握缩略词,会对考试大有裨益。
缩略词的写法一般为四种方式:拿掉所有元音MKT: marketMGR: managerMSG: messageSTD: standardRCV: receive保留前几个字母INFO informationINS insuranceEXCH exchangeI owe you IOUIn stead of I/O保留开头和结尾个发音字母WK weekRM roomPL people根据发音R areTHO thoughTHRU through高级口译听力常用英语缩略词表acc = account, accountantacdg = accordingacpt = acceptad = advertisementadm = administrationads = addressadv = adviceagr = agricultureagt = agentalt = altitudea.m. = ante meridiem = before noon AMAP = as much as possibleamb = ambassadoramt = amountanal = analysisanc = ancientanon = anonymousans = answerapp = appendixApr = Aprilapt = apartmentarch = architecturearr = arrive; arrivalASAP = as soon as possibleass = assistant; associationat = atmosphere; atomicatt = attorney; attentionAug = Augustaux = auxiliaryav = averageave = avenuea.w.l. = absent with leave (准假)a.w.o.l. = absent without official leave (无故缺席) B.A. = Bachelor of Artsbal = balanceB.C. = before Christbd = boardbdl = bundlebk = bank; bookbkts = basketsB/L = bill of lading (提单)BLDG = buildingbp = birthplacebr = branch; brotherB.S. = Bachelor of Sciencebu = bureauC = capacity; century; chapter; centigrade; cost; city; center cal = calendar; caliber; caloriescap = capital; captaincat = catalogcc = carbon copy (复印件;抄送)CEO = chief executive officercert = certificateCFM = confirmcncl = cancelcp. = comparecit = citizenciv = civil; civilizationclk = clerkcml = commercialco. = companyc/o = care of(转交)col = college; colorcom = commentary; common; communication; community comm = commissioncomp = complete; computer; competition con = conclusion; againstcond = conditioncont. = continent; continuedcorp = corporationcust = customer; custom; customsDec = Decemberdec = deceased; declarationdef = defender; defensedeg = degreedep = depositDEPT = departmentdisc = discountdist = distance; distinguishdiv = divide; divorceddo. = ditto (同上)dorm = dormitorydpt = departuredz = dozene = east; earth; engineeringecon = economics; economyed. = education; editore.g. = exempli gratia = for example encl. = enclosed; enclosureesp. = especiallyetc. = et cetera = and so onex. = example; exception; extraexp. = exportexpln = explainext = extend; extensionFAX = facsimileFeb. = Februaryfem = female; feminineff. = followingfig = figuresfin = finance; financialfl = fluidFLT = flightFOB = free on board (船上交货;离岸价格) for = foreign; forestryfp = freezing pointfr = frequentFri. = Fridayfrt = freight (货物;货运)ft = foot; feet (脚;英寸)fut = futureFYR = for your reference (仅供参考)g = gold; grain; guide; gender; gravity G.A. = General Assembly (联合国大会) gen. = generallygent = gentleman; gentlemengm = gram; general managergov = governmentgs = general secretary (秘书长)h = harbor; hundred; husband; hydrogen hd = head (头部;首脑)hf = halfHon = honorable; honoraryH.Q. = headquartershr = hourht = heighthypoth = hypothesis; hypotheticali.a. = in absence; absentib. = ibidem = in the same placeID = identity; identity cardi.e. = id est = that isimp = import; imperialIMPS = impossibleIMPT = importantin. = inch; inchesind = industrial; independentindiv = individualinfo = informationins = insuranceinst. = instant; instituteint. = interior; interest (兴趣;利息)I/O = instead ofIOU = I owe you (借据)I.Q. = intelligence quotientIVO = in view of (鉴于,考虑到)is. = islandJ = judge; justicejour = journal; journalistjr. = junior (大学三年级学生; 年少的; 初级的)kg = kilogram (千克;公斤)km = kilometer (公里)lat. = latitudelb. = pounds (磅;英镑)L/C = letter of credit (信用证)leg = legallib = library; librarianliq = liquidlit = literaturelong. = longitudeM.A. = Master of Artsmach = machinerymag = magazineman. = manual; manufactureMar = Marchmath = mathematicsMDL = model (型号;模特)Mdm = Madammed. = medicine; medicalmem = member; memoir (回忆录) memo = memorandum (备忘录)mid = middlemin = minute; minimummkt. = marketmod = moderate; modernMon. = Mondaymph = mile per hour (每小时英里数; 车速) Mr. = MisterMrs. = MistressMS = manuscripts (手稿)msg = messageMt = Mount; mountainmus = music; museumn = north; noon; name; normalnat = national; native; naturaln.d. = no date (无日期)NLT = not later than (不迟于)No. = numberNov. = Novembernr = nearobj = object; objectiveobs = obsolete (过时的); observeobt = obtainOct. = Octoberoff. = office; officialop. = opera; operation; oppositeord = ordinaryorg = organizationorig = originaloz. = ounce (盎司)p. = page; power; pressurepara = paragraphpart = particular; partnerpass = passive; passengerPAT = patentpayt = paymentpc = piece; personal computerpd. = paid (钱款)已付perf = perform; performancePh.D. = Doctor of Philosophypk = park; peak (备注:pk这个符号大家可以根据时髦的用语来灵活拓展其含义) pkg = packagePLS = pleasep.m. = post meridiem = [w]afternoon POB = post-office boxpop = popular; populationpr. = pair; preferredprec = precedingprim = primary; primitiveprin. = principlepro = productProf. = professorpub. = public; publishqr. = quarterqt. = quantityqua = qualityr. = radius; railroad; retiredrcd = receivedrcpt = receiptRd = roadre = about (关于)reg = register; regionrep = representativerev = revise; reverse; revenuerm. = roomrpt = report; repeatSat. = Saturdaysch = schoolsci = sciencesec = second; section; sectorsig. = signal; signaturesitn = situationsp. = species (物种); specimen (标本) sq. = squareSTD = standardSun. = Sundaysurg = surgery; surgeontech = technologytel. = telephonetemp = temporary; temperature Thur. = ThursdayTKS = thankstrans = transaction; translationtrf = trafficTu. = TuesdayT.U. = Trade Union (英)工会ult = ultimateUN = United Nationsuniv = universityup = upperusu. = usuallyvil = villageV.P. = Vice Presidentvs. = versusv.v. = vice versa (反之亦然)wel = welcome; welfareXL = extra large (特大号)二、字母、图像Z 表示"人"people/person,因为"Z"看上去像个人头,它通常被写在一个词或符号的右上角。
口译笔记的符号和缩略语
一、口译笔记的符号系统和缩略语语言是一个符号系统(包括文字符号)。
用各种符号作记录,概括性强、重点突出、一目了然。
学习一些常规口译笔记中经常使用的符号与缩写词是很有好处的。
在此基础上,每个人也可以形成一套自己常用的、熟悉的、有效的笔记系统。
下面归纳几种相对固定的符号和简写形式,供大家在练习和实践中参考。
(一)箭头“→”表示到达、传达:go into,arrive at,give to,send to,present to, etc. 导致、引导:lead to, result in, in the direction of, etc.“←”表示来自于:be/come from,return,receive from, etc. 追溯到:come/go back to,originate in, etc.“↑”表示上升:up/upward/rise,increase,arise,ascend, etc. 发射、起飞、升空:launch,ascend, skyrocket, etc.发展、加强、推进:develop,strengthen, promote, etc.“↓”表示向下、下降:down/downward/drop, decrease, jump, etc. 减少、恶化:reduce, deteriorate, go down, etc.(二) 数学符号“+”表示和、还有、另外、加上、多:and, in addition to, furthermore, many, lots of, etc.“-”表示减少、除去、少:minus, lack, in short of, little, few, etc.“×”表示错误、没有、反对、冲突:wrong, something bad, negative, conflict, confrontation, etc.“>”表示大于、超过、多于:greater, larger or more than, better than, surpass, more and more, etc.“<”表示小于、不如、次于、比不上:smaller than, fewer/less than, worse than, inferior to, etc.“=”表示等于、相当于、一样:the same as,that is to say, in other words,be equal to, etc. 对手:match/rival/competitor, counterpart.“≠”表示不等于、不同:not equal to, be different from, etc.“≈”表示大约、左右:about/around,or so, approximately, etc.“∵”表示由于、因为:because, as, due to, thanks to, owing to, etc.“∴”表示所以、因此、因而、结果:so, therefore, as a result, consequently, etc.(三) 标点符号“:”表示说:say, speak, talk, marks, announce, declare, etc. 意见、观点、主意:opinion, idea, viewpoint, etc.“?”表示问题:question,issue,problem, etc.“.”点的位置不同表示的概念也不一样:“.d”表示yesterday,“.y"表示last year,“.2m”表示two months ago,“y”表示this year,“y2.”表示 two years later/in two years,“next week”,可以表示为“wk.”“()”表示在……之间:among, within, etc.(四) 其它符号“√”表示好:right/good,famous/well-known,etc. 同意:stand up for,support, agree with somebody, certain/ affirmative, etc.“& ”表示和、与:and,together with,along with, accompany,along with,further more,etc.“☆”表示重要的、杰出的、优秀的、榜样:important, best,outstanding,brilliant,model, etc.“∥”表示结束:end,stop,halt,bring something to a standstill/stop, etc.“°”表示人、者:person, people, 如经济学家可以表示为“经°”,中国人可以表示为“中°”,etc.“⊙”表示会议、讨论、谈判:meeting, seminar, discussion, negotiation, etc.“♂”表示男人:man, male, boy, etc.“♀”表示女人:woman, female, girl, etc.“□”表示国家:country, state, nation, etc.“△”表示代表:represent, on behalf of, etc.“∽”表示交流、交换、替代、相互:exchange, mutual, each other, communication, replace, etc.(五) 缩略词英语缩写词的写法一般有以下几种:●拿掉所有元音。
口译速记符号及范例
口译速记符号及范例
在口译速记中,使用了各种符号来代表不同的词语、词组和信息。
以下是一些常见的口译速记符号及其范例:
1. 单词/词组的缩写:
- 例如:govt(government),UN(United Nations),intro (introduction)
2. 数字:
- 例如:2(two),15(fifteen),3.2%(three point two percent)
3. 符号表示特定含义:
- 例如:∴(therefore),≠(not equal to),±(plus or minus)
4. 词语/词组的简化形式:
- 例如:info(information),conf(conference),rep (report)
5. 声音的表示:
- 例如:/kæt/(cat),/əˈsaɪst/(assist)
6. 常用的速记符号:
- 例如:箭头(表示方向或变化),圆圈(表示重要或突出),斜线(表示取消或过时)
7. 符号的组合和结构:
- 例如:↑(上升),↓(下降),→(发展),←(反对)
8. 表示固定短语或俚语的符号:
- 例如:BFF(best friends forever),TGIF(Thank God it's Friday)
请注意,以上仅为一些常见的例子,实际上口译速记符号有很多种,各口译员可能会根据个人习惯和需求进行一些定制或修改。
使用哪些符号以及如何使用符号,都取决于个人风格和技巧。
口译人员常会用到的笔记符号及缩写
口译人员常会用到的笔记符号及缩写第一篇:口译人员常会用到的笔记符号及缩写口译人员常会用到的笔记符号及缩写增加;补充+ 减少;删除–和;与;共同& 上升;提高;增强↑ 下降;下沉;降低↓ 上扬;渐渐好转↗ 下挫;不断亏损↘ 去;向前;发展→ 回顾;从前;倒退← 不等于;并不意味着≠ 属于↔总和;合力Σ 商标 TM 英镑£美元$人民币¥重要;惊讶!小于;不足< 超过> 认为;主张;相信:以…为中心;圆桌会谈⊙ 因为∵ 所以∴ 国家□ 问题;疑惑?正确;认同√ 高兴☺此外,口译员常常还会使用一些自己熟悉但别人不一定能够看懂的方式来记笔记,例如用“工”表示“工业”、“G”表示“政府”、“E”指代“经济”。
以下内容是口译常用的英文字母缩写以及汉字所代表的信息:联合国计划开发署 UNDP 联合国教科文组织 UNESCO 洛杉矶 LA 上海SH、沪国民生产总值 GNP 国内生产总值 GDP 五年计划 5y 计中华人民共和国 PRC 中国共产党 CPC 人民代表大会 NPC 社会保障体系社保中国人民保险公司 PICC 中国外运集团 SinoTrans 中国远洋运输公司 COCSO 经济特区 SEZ 国有企业 SOE 合资企业 JV 信息技术 IT 研究和发展 R&D 投资回报率 ROI 外国直接投资 FDI 外商独资企业 WOFE 汇丰银行 HSBC 并购 M&A虚拟专用网 VPN超文本标记语言 HTML 顺便 By the way BTW 尽快 As soon as possible ASAP第二篇:口译速记符号英语口译听力速记技巧尽管每个人的对记录符号的使用可能是多样的,同一事物不同的人可能会使用不同的符号,同一符号在不同的人意识中肯能代表不同的意思,但是通行的原则还是存在的,活用这些原则,那会让你在口译的过程中如虎添翼……在听力活动中,笔记是一个辅助我们记忆的非常有效的工具。
翻译技巧:口译中常见的英语缩略词
翻译技巧:口译中常见的英语缩略词一、字母、图像Z 表示“人”people/person,因为Z 看上去像个人头,它通常被写在一个词或符号的右上角。
例如:日本人:JZ。
C 表示政府,统治:government,govern,希腊字母C读/ga:ma/,近似government, 所以就用C来表示govern, government。
governmental official 可以表示为CZ。
P 表示政治:politics, political,希腊字母P读/pai/,近似politics, political。
那么politician就可以表示为PZ。
E 表示总数:total, totally, entire, entirely, on the whole, all in all, to sum up, ect. E在数学符号中表示总值。
G 表示效率:efficient, effective。
G为效率符号。
Q 表示“通货膨胀”:inflation,因为这个符号酷似一个上升的气球。
A 表示农业: agriculture. agriculture,经常用到,所以用首字母代替。
B 表示商业:business。
C×表示冲突,矛盾:conflict,confrontation,“C×”中的“×”表示反对。
W 表示工作,职业: work, employ 等。
它是work的第一个字母。
所以WZ就可以用来表示worker, 而W(Z在字母上方表示employer, 在字母下方表示employee)。
i 表示工业: industry, industrial,字母i像只烟囱,所以用来可以用来表示工业。
U U酷似一个酒杯,在笔记中表示合同、协议(treaty, agreement)一般只有在谈判成功、协议成交后才会表示“举杯祝贺”。
如果在U内填入2××××,就可以表示为bilateral(双边的),填入3表示为trilateral(三边的)。
(完整版)口译笔记符号大汇总(超全整理版_方便直接背诵)
口译笔记符号大汇总一. 地名简写二. 货币简写三.时间简写四.度量衡五. 缩略词六.较长单词的处理办法七.字母、图像、符号Note-taking symbols and abbreviations for your reference:Abbreviations in Note takingUse only the abbreviations that fit your needs and that you will remember easily. A good idea is to introduce only a few abbreviations into your note taking at a time.Symbols helpful in math -- these are commonly used in texts and references. S = sumf = frequencyLeave out periods in standard abbreviations.cf = comparee.g. = exampledept = departmentUse only the first syllable of a word.pol = politicsdem = democracylib = liberalcap = capitalismUse entire first syllable and only 1st letter of 2nd syllable.pres = presentationsubj = subjectind = individualcons = conservativeEliminate final letters. Use just enough of the word to form. a recognizable abbreviation.assoc = associatebiol = biologyinfo = informationach = achievementchem = chemistrymax = maximumintro = introductionconc = concentrationmin = minimumrep = repetitionOmit vowels, retain only enough consonants to give a recognizable skeleton of the word.ppd = preparedprblm = problemestmt = estimatebkgd = backgroundgvt = governmentUse an apostrophe in place of letters.am't = amountcont'd = continuedgov't = governmenteducat'l = educationalForm. the plural of a symbol or abbreviated word by adding s.chpts = chaptersegs = examplesfs = frequenciesintros = introductionsUse g to represent ing endings.ckg = checkingestg = establishingdecrg = decreasingexptg = experimentingSpell out short words such as in, at, to, but, for, and key.Abbreviations or symbols for short words will make the notes too dense with shorthand.Leave out unimportant words.Leave out the words a and the.If a term, phrase, or name is written out in full during the lecture, substitute initials whenever the term, phrase, or name is used again. For example, Center for Aerospace Sciences becomes CAS thereafter.use symbols for commonly recurring connective or transitional words.& = andw/ = withw/o = withoutvs = against\ = therefore= = is or equalUse technical symbols where applicable.zb = German, for exampleibid = Latin, the same worko = degreesH2O = waterMore reference:Use standard maths, accounting, and science symbols. Examples:+ plus// parallelUse standard abbreviations and leave out full stops. Examples:eg exampleIT dept Information Technology departmentUK United KingdomUse only the first syllable of a word. Examples:mar marketingcus customercli clientUse the entire first syllable and the first letter of the second syllable. Examples:subj subjectbudg budgetind individualTo distinguish among various forms of the same word, use the first syllable of the word, an apostrophe, and the ending of the word. Examples:tech'gy technologygen'ion generalisationdel'y deliveryUse just enough of the beginning of a word to form. a recognisable abbreviation. Examples:assoc associatedach achievementinfo informationOmit vowels from the middle of words, retaining only enough consonants to provide a recognisable skeleton of the word. Examples:bkgd backgroundmvmt movementprblm problemForm. the plural of a symbol or abbreviated word by adding 's.' Examples: custs customersfs frequencies/s ratiosUse 'g' to represent 'ing' endings. Examples:decrg decreasingckg checkingestblg establishingSpell out, rather than abbreviate short words. Examples:inbutaskeyLeave out unimportant verbs. Examples:iswaswereLeave out unnecessary articles. Examples:aantheIf a term, phrase, or name is initially written out in full during the talk or meeting, initials can be substituted whenever the term, phrase, or name is used again. Example:January Advertising Campaign Budget JACBUse symbols for common connective or transition words. Examples:@ at2 to4 for& andw/ withw/o withoutvs againstCreate your own set of abbreviations and symbols. You may wish to develop separate sets of symbols and abbreviations for different courses or subjects. Other Symbols and Abbreviationsas a result of / consequences of <--->resulting in --->and / also +equal to / same as =following ffmost importantly *less than <greater than > especially esp/一、缩略词英语当中缩略词使用的频率很高,如IMP: important, ASAP: as soon as possible 。
口译笔记常用符号及缩略语
口译笔记常用符号及缩略语::详细内容::一、常用符号(一)数学符号+表示“加上”、“另外”、“除此之外”or“多”(plus, and, in addition to 或者many, lots o f, a great deal of, a good many of, etc.)++(+2) 表示“多”的比较级:more+3 表示“多”的最高级:most-表示“减去”or “缺乏/少”(minus, lack, in short of/ in shortage of etc或者little, few)×表示“错误”、“失误”和“坏”的概念(wrong/incorrect,something bad,notorious,negative, etc.)√表示“对的”、“好的”、“积极的”(correct, good, positive, affirmative)> 表示“多于”或者“超过”(bigger/larger/greater/more than/better than, surpass, superior to, et c.)< 表示“少于”或者“不如”、“逊色”(less/smaller/fewer than, worse than, inferior to, etc.)≥表示“大于或等于”、“不少于”(more than or equal to, no less than)≤表示“小于或等于”、“不多于”(less than or equal to, no more than)= 表示“同等”、“相当于”(means,that is to say,in other words,the same as,be equal to, etc.)也表示“对手”概念(a match, rival, competitor, counterpart, etc.)≠表示“不同”概念(be different from, etc. )表示“无敌”概念(matchless, peerless, etc.)≈表示“大约”概念(about/around,approximately, or so,etc.)Є表示“属于”(belong to)( ) 表示“在......之间”(among, within, etc. )( 和)都可以表示并列/ 表示“否定”,“消除”等概念(cross out, eliminate, etc.)∵“由于”、“因为”、“幸亏”(because, due to, thanks to, as, owing to)∴“所以”、“因此”、“结果是”(so, therefore, as a result, consequently)⊥表示“在……基础上”(based on),或者“影响”、“效果”、“压力”“负担”(influence, ef fect, impact, pressure, stress, burden, load)E 数学符号表示总值(total, totally, entire, entirely, on the whole, all in all, to sum up, ect. )(二)标点符号: 表示各种各样“说”或“想”的动词:say, speak, talk, marks, announce, declare, express, think, etc.表示“问题”或“疑问”:question,issue,doubt例如:台湾问题:tw? 也可表示“问”(ask)·(dot) 这个“·”点的位置不同表示的概念也不一样“·d”表示yesterday, “·y”表示last year, “·2m”表示two months ago。
口译笔记常用符号
-nk
easy
ez
until
tl
very
vr
六.较长单词的处理办法
词尾
缩写
原词
速记符号
-ism
m
socialism
Sm
-tion
n
standardization (标准化)
stdn
-cian
o
technician
techo
-ing
g
marketing (市场营销)
MKTg
-ed
d
accepted
indifferent/apathetic/unconcern/don’t care much
O漠不关心/无动于衷
total/totally/entire/entirely/on the whole/all in all/to sum up
∑总值/总数
go into/arrive at/give to/send to/present to
I/O
In view of
IVO
Include
IINCD
insurance
INS
Impossible
IMPS
Individual
INDIV
Minimum
MIN
Market
MKT
Manufacture
MANUF
Message
MSG
manager
MGR
Model
MDL
Memorandum
MEMO
No later than
NLT
Necessary
NCRY
Ordinary
ORD
Observe
口译速记符号及范例
口译速记符号及范例
在口译过程中,速记是一种非常重要的技能,可以帮助译员更快速、准确地记录和传达信息。
以下是一些常用的口译速记符号及范例,供译员参考。
1.缩写符号
缩写符号是指将一个词或短语的首字母缩写成一个速记符号。
例如:
UN(联合国)
OPEC(石油输出国组织)
VIP(要人)
2.数字速记符号
数字速记符号可以用来表示数量、时间、日期等。
例如:
2000—至今:表示从2000年到现在。
|:用一条线表示一个时间段或过程。
例如:“from 2000—to date”表示从2000年到现在。
1,2,3,…):或递减(10,9,8,…)。
例如:第一名、最后一名等。
3.比较关系速记符号
使用大于(>)和小于(<)符号来表示比较关系。
例如:
5(>5):表示大于5。
小于3(<3):表示小于3。
4.加减运算速记符号
在进行加减运算时使用加号(+)和减号(-)。
例如:
5+3=8(5加3等于8)。
5.百分比速记符号
在表示百分比时使用百分号(%)。
例如:
50%(百分之五十):表示50/100。
6.特殊符号及用法。
口译笔记常用缩略与符号-附练习一篇
口译笔记常用符号及含义∵因为,由于,幸亏,because, for, as, due to, thanks to∴所以,因此,于是,so, therefore, thus, hence, as a result, consequently, accordingly// 但是,然而,不过,相反,but, however, whereas, though, nevertheless, instead, contrast ∫如果,假设,if, once, provided that, in case (of), had I known, were this to happen+ 另外,和,并且,连同,以及,加上,and, as well as, too, plus, add, moreover, besides = 也就是,即,意味着,等同于,which means, that is, in other words, equal to, same, similar ≠不同于,不如,不相当,different, unlike, not the same, unequal≈大约,估计,大概,about, almost, nearly, estimated> 大于,多于,超过,高于,好于,more than, better than, superior to, surpass, exceed< 小于,少于,低于,次于,less than, inferior to↑增长,发展,提高,升级,increase, raise, improve, develop, grow, boost, enhance↓减少,下降,降低,decrease, decline, descend, reduce, cut, fall, drop→导致,引起,引发,到,向,去,to, lead to, cause, result in, bring about, contribute to←由,自,归因于,result from, attributed to, credited to√正确,好,妥善,真实,肯定,good, true, correct, yes, well, positive, confirm, genuine ×错误,不是,否定,无效,负面,坏,bad, wrong, not, negative, false, rather than↔属于,包括,包含,例如,belong to, including, part of, contain, such as, for example∑总和,总数,总之,一句话,结论,sum, all, conclusion, in one word, summary, in brief @ 关于,有关,相关,about, on, relevant, related, concerning, with regard to? 问题,麻烦,难题,疑惑,ask, question, problem, trouble, confused, difficulty, issue! * 重要,重视,注意,警告,强调,important, focus, alert, attention, warning, stress, emphasize :说到,表示,提出,认为,想,相信,say, speak, tell, express, think, believe, be sure that <: 看到,了解到,意识到,考虑到,表明,显示出,see, know, show, imply□国家,地区,country, state, nation, region, area,○世界,国际,全球,world, international, global, earth⊙会议,讨论,谈判,meeting, conference, discussion, negotiation, seminar, summith 主持,领导,主席,host, head, leader, chairman, president△代表,represent, on behalf of∽互相,彼此,交换,交流,替代,each other, exchange, mutual, replaceϟ改变,变化,变形,转变,change, alter, transform﹩美元,货币,金钱,财富,dollar, money, currency, fortune﹟结束,停止,暂停,完成,stop, pause, end, finish, complete⊥基础,根本,建立,根据,通过,凭借,based on, establish, according to, through∪同意,认可,一致,协议,联合,agree, agreement, united, union☺高兴,荣幸,激动,乐观,满意,happy, pleasure, excited, privilege, honor, satisfied, luck ☹难过,抱歉,同情,哀悼,后悔,生气,sad, sorrow, grief, sorry, sympathy, regret, angry °右上角标,表示人,者,家,如:中国人中°,Economist E°s右上角标,表示复数概念,如:几年来y s,各国□s_ 放在时间周围表示之前、之中和之后,如:2年前2y ,1年来1y ,6月后6M 放在缩略词或符号下,用于强调或加强语气,如:充分认识到<: ,深表赞同U。
57常用速记符号、+译笔记法(缩写篇)
/blog/static/116258333201061002414122/57常用速记符号、译笔记法(缩写篇)口译成功与否在很大程度上取决于译员在口译表达前对感知的信息进行记录的能力。
记录分为“脑记”和“笔记”两种。
人脑的记忆由短时记忆和长时记忆两部分组成。
顾名思义,短时记忆是一种操作性的暂时记忆,长时记忆属于一种储存性的永久记忆。
影响一个人短时记忆的因素很多,其中最主要的因素是记忆内容的意义性。
即便是当感知的信息有意义时,人的短时记忆只可容纳由二十多个单词组成的句子,或者一组十位数的数字。
因此,对于口译工作者来说,完全依赖人脑的记忆能力是危险的,记笔记便显得十分重要。
口译的过程中,译者会遭遇许多讯息负荷上的困难,例如:讯息过多、讯息密集(好几项并列的讯息)、讯息杂乱、或是讯息陌生(如数字或专有名词)。
既使能够完全理解讯息的内容,也有可能无法完整地将讯息传达出来。
这时候,我们就需要一些辅助工具的协助,这就是口译笔记。
口译笔记的功能是:第一、具有辅助短时记忆的作用,避免遗忘漏失。
第二、透过图像、版面与符号的交错运用,笔记具有语段逻辑分析与保存的功能,能将语篇的段落整理清楚并保存一段时间。
笔记是口译讯息整理与保存的工具,运用这项工具时必须先了解到底笔记的内容是什么。
缩减练习中已经提到,建立新架构的必要讯息是5W1H「六何」(何人、何事、何时、何地、何物、如何)。
再加上,数字与专有名词就是了。
在讯息内容之外,还要进一步掌握的就是讯息内容之间的关系。
讯息关系内容说明方法运用段落的顺序显示出语篇或语意的段落画线或排列表示逻辑的关系祝贺、谢词、欢迎、感想运用笔记符号表示强弱的程度表达状语等修饰词,如「极为」、「少许」、「经常」、「偶而」等在右上角用1-2个+ - !?等表示变化的情形升高、降低、波动、剧变运用<>↗↘↑→等表示一、做口译笔记时的注意事项1.口译笔记应记要点,切忌求记“全”。
口译笔记是记忆的延伸或补充,不应也不必取代记忆。
口译笔记符号大汇总(超全整理版,方便直接背诵)
Discount
DISC
Department
DEPT
Extent
EXT
Exchange
EXCH
Explain
EXPLN
Extra large
XL
Final
FNT
Flight
FLT
For your reference
FYR
Freight
FRT
Guarantee
GUAR
Good
GD
Home office
c/o
Conform
CFM
Commission
CMI
Complete
CMP
Concern/concerning/concerned
CONC
Condition
COND
Communication
CMU
Compete/competitive
CMPE
Certificate
CERT
Company
CO.
Departure
Please
PLS
People
PL
Piece
PC
Position
POSN
Possible
POSS(BL)
Quantity
QUTY
Quality
QLTY
room
RM
Regular
REGL
Representative
REP
Reservation
RESN
Repeat
RPT
Responsible
RESPON
U内填入1
Multiple(多边主义)
U内填入m
会谈决裂
口译常用的笔记符号汇总
口译常用的笔记符号汇总一、前言口译笔记是一种有效的辅助工具,能够帮助译员记录关键信息,提高翻译的准确性和效率。
正确的笔记可以帮助译员在紧张的口译环境中保持清晰思维,避免因遗忘或疏忽而造成的错误。
本篇文档旨在汇总口译过程中常用的笔记符号,以便译员在实践中参考和使用。
二、笔记符号说明1.缩写词:用字母、数字等简洁形式记录单词或短语,如“u”代表“under”,“m”代表“meeting”。
2.符号:用各种符号记录概念、观点、人名等,如“△”代表“注意”,“☆”代表“重要”。
3.符号组合:将多个符号组合使用,表达更复杂的含义,如“⊙”+“b”+“√”代表“乙方已确认”。
4.线条:用线条记录时间和空间信息,如“↑”代表时间推进,“●”代表地点。
5.特殊符号:用特殊符号记录特殊概念或情况,如“*”代表突发情况,“#”代表需要特别关注的人或事。
6.标注:在单词、短语或句子旁边添加注释,如“注意语法”、“需要核实信息”。
三、笔记符号分类1.词汇类:包括名词、动词、形容词、副词等基本词汇的记录,如“公司”、“讨论”、“热情”、“快速”。
2.句式类:包括常用句型、表达方式、习惯用语的记录,如“如果…就…”,“预期效果是…”。
3.人名地名类:包括人名、地名等专有名词的记录,如“张三”、“北京”、“上海”。
4.特殊符号类:包括数字、货币、度量衡等特殊概念的记录,如“100元”,“50公斤”。
5.时间空间类:包括时间、日期、星期、月份、季节、天气等空间信息的记录,如“今天星期四”,“会议在会议室进行”。
四、常见笔记符号示例1.缩写词示例:“d=day,n=night,e=email”2.符号示例:“▲=减慢速度,●=暂停”,“※=重要信息”,“$=货币符号”,“※+手+√=手记确认”3.符号组合示例:“※+笔+√=需要记录的信息”,“●+椅子+√=休息地点”4.标注示例:“√=已同意”,“?=需要进一步确认”,“↑=增加音量”,“↓=降低音量”5.时间空间示例:“↑9:00”,“↓会议室”,“#主席台”五、总结口译过程中,正确的笔记可以帮助译员快速记录关键信息,提高翻译效率。
口译笔记符号大汇总(超全整理版-方便直接背诵)
business
B商业
conflict/confrontation
C×冲突/矛盾
work/employ
W工作/职业
industry/industrial
i工业
treaty/agreement
U合同/协议
bilateral(双边的)
U内填入2
trilateral (三边的)
U内填入3
Unilateralism(单边主义)
U
Your
UR
Will
WL
Week
WK
Weight
WT
六.较长单词的处理办法
词尾
缩写
原词
速记符号
-ism
m
socialism
Sm
-tion
n
standardization (标准化)
stdn
-cian
o
technician
techo
-ing
g
marketing (市场营销)
MKTg
-ed
d
accepted
↑发展/加强/推进
up/upward/rise/increase/
arise/ascend
h↑上升
ups and downs/twists and turns/roller coaster
<<波折
submit to
↓屈服
exchange/mutual
n交流
a match /rival /competitor/ counterpart/against
Can$
Eurodollar
€
New Zealanddollars
口译笔记符号、英文缩写
口译笔记符号、英文缩写一、缩略词英语当中缩略词使用的频率很高,如IMP: important, ASAP: as soon as possible。
很显然如果能熟练掌握缩略词,会对考试大有裨益。
缩略词的写法一般为四种方式:F拿掉所有元音MKT: marketMGR: managerMSG: messageSTD: standardRCV: receiveF保留前几个字母INFO informationINS insuranceEXCH exchangeI owe you IOUIn stead of I/OF保留开头和结尾个发音字母WK weekRM roomPL peopleF根据发音R areTHO thoughTHRU through高级口译听力常用英语缩略词表缩略词原词APT ApartmentACC AccountantACDG AccordingACPT AcceptAD AdvertisementADS AddressADV AdviceAMAP As much/many as possible AMT AmountAPV ApproveASAP As soon as possibleBAL BalanceBLDG BuildingCERT CertificateCFM ConformCNCL CancelCNF ConferenceCMI CommissionCMP CompleteCMPE Compete/competitiveCMU CommunicationCONC Concern/concerning/concerned COND ConditionCO. CompanyDEPT DepartmentDISC DiscountDPT DepartureEXCH ExchangeEXPLN ExplainEXT ExtentFLT FlightFNT FinalFRT FreightFYR For your referenceGD GoodGUAR GuaranteeH.O. Home officeINFO Information IMPS Impossible IMP(T) Important INCD Include INDIV Individual INS Insurance INTST InterestedI/O In stead of IOU I owe you IVO In view of MANUF Manufacture MDL Model MEMO Memorandum MGR MangerMIN MinimumMKT MarketMSG Message NCRY Necessary NLT No later than OBS ObserveOBT ObtainORD OrdinaryPAT PatentPC PiecePKG PackingPL PeoplePLS PleasePOSN Position POSS(BL) Possible PROD Product QLTY Quality QUTY Quantity RCV ReceiveREF Reference REGL RegularREP Representative RESN Reservation RPT Repeat RESPON Responsible SEC SectionSITN Situation STD StandardTEL Telephone TEMP TemporaryTGM TelegraphTHO ThoughTKS ThanksTRD TradeTRF TrafficTTL TotalU YouUR YourWK WeekWL WillWT WeightXL Extra large二、二、字母、图像Z 表示"人"people/person,因为"Z"看上去像个人头,它通常被写在一个词或符号的右上角。
英语口译入门-笔记
一、口译笔记的符号系统和缩略语语言是一个符号系统(包括文字符号)。
用各种符号作记录,概括性强、重点突出、一目了然。
学习一些常规口译笔记中经常使用的符号与缩写词是很有好处的。
在此基础上,每个人也可以形成一套自己常用的、熟悉的、有效的笔记系统。
下面归纳几种相对固定的符号和简写形式,供大家在练习和实践中参考。
(一)箭头“→”表示到达、传达:go into,arrive at,give to,send to,present to, etc. 导致、引导:lead to, result in, in the direction of, etc.“←”表示来自于:be/come from,return,receive from, etc. 追溯到:come/go back to,originate in, etc.“↑”表示上升:up/upward/rise,increase,arise,ascend, etc. 发射、起飞、升空:launch,ascend, skyrocket, etc.发展、加强、推进:develop,strengthen,promote, etc.“↓”表示向下、下降:down/downward/drop, decrease, jump, etc. 减少、恶化:reduce, deteriorate, go down, etc.(二) 数学符号“+”表示和、还有、另外、加上、多:and, in addition to, furthermore, many, lots of, etc.“-”表示减少、除去、少:minus, lack, in short of, little, few, etc.“×”表示错误、没有、反对、冲突:wrong, something bad, negative, conflict, confrontation, etc.“>”表示大于、超过、多于:greater, larger or more than, better than, surpass, more and more, etc.“<”表示小于、不如、次于、比不上:smaller than, fewer/less than, worse than, inferior to, etc.“=”表示等于、相当于、一样:the same as,that is to say,in other words,be equal to, etc. 对手:match/rival/competitor, counterpart.“≠”表示不等于、不同:not equal to, be different from, etc.“≈”表示大约、左右:about/around,or so,approximately, etc.“∵”表示由于、因为:because, as, due to, thanks to, owing to, etc.“∴”表示所以、因此、因而、结果:so, therefore, as a result, consequently, etc.(三) 标点符号“:” 表示说:say, speak, talk, marks, announce, declare, etc. 意见、观点、主意:opinion, idea, viewpoint, etc.“?” 表示问题:question,issue,problem, etc.“.”点的位置不同表示的概念也不一样:“.d”表示yesterday,“.y"表示last year,“.2m”表示two months ago,“y”表示this year,“y2.”表示two years later/in two years,“next week”,可以表示为“wk.”“()” 表示在……之间:among, within, etc.(四) 其它符号“√” 表示好:right/good,famous/well-known,etc. 同意:stand up for,support,agree with somebody, certain/ affirmative, etc.“& ” 表示和、与:and,together with,along with,accompany,along with,further more,etc.“☆” 表示重要的、杰出的、优秀的、榜样:important,best,outstanding,brilliant,model, etc.“∥” 表示结束:end,stop,halt,bring something to a standstill/stop, etc.“°”表示人、者:person, people, 如经济学家可以表示为“经°”,中国人可以表示为“中°”,etc.“⊙”表示会议、讨论、谈判:meeting, seminar, discussion, negotiation, etc.“♂”表示男人:man, male, boy, etc.“♀”表示女人:woman, female, girl, etc.“□”表示国家:country, state, nation, etc.“△”表示代表:represent, on behalf of, etc.“∽”表示交流、交换、替代、相互:exchange, mutual, each other, communication, replace, etc.(五) 缩略词英语缩写词的写法一般有以下几种:∙拿掉所有元音。
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口译笔记常用符号及含义
∵因为,由于,幸亏,because, for, as, due to, thanks to
∴所以,因此,于是,so, therefore, thus, hence, as a result, consequently, accordingly
// 但是,然而,不过,相反,but, however, whereas, though, nevertheless, instead, contrast ∫如果,假设,if, once, provided that, in case (of), had I known, were this to happen
+ 另外,和,并且,连同,以及,加上,and, as well as, too, plus, add, moreover, besides = 也就是,即,意味着,等同于,which means, that is, in other words, equal to, same, similar ≠不同于,不如,不相当,different, unlike, not the same, unequal
≈大约,估计,大概,about, almost, nearly, estimated
> 大于,多于,超过,高于,好于,more than, better than, superior to, surpass, exceed
< 小于,少于,低于,次于,less than, inferior to
↑增长,发展,提高,升级,increase, raise, improve, develop, grow, boost, enhance
↓减少,下降,降低,decrease, decline, descend, reduce, cut, fall, drop
→导致,引起,引发,到,向,去,to, lead to, cause, result in, bring about, contribute to
←由,自,归因于,result from, attributed to, credited to
√正确,好,妥善,真实,肯定,good, true, correct, yes, well, positive, confirm, genuine ×错误,不是,否定,无效,负面,坏,bad, wrong, not, negative, false, rather than
↔属于,包括,包含,例如,belong to, including, part of, contain, such as, for example
∑总和,总数,总之,一句话,结论,sum, all, conclusion, in one word, summary, in brief @ 关于,有关,相关,about, on, relevant, related, concerning, with regard to
? 问题,麻烦,难题,疑惑,ask, question, problem, trouble, confused, difficulty, issue
! * 重要,重视,注意,警告,强调,important, focus, alert, attention, warning, stress, emphasize :说到,表示,提出,认为,想,相信,say, speak, tell, express, think, believe, be sure that <: 看到,了解到,意识到,考虑到,表明,显示出,see, know, show, imply
□国家,地区,country, state, nation, region, area,
○世界,国际,全球,world, international, global, earth
⊙会议,讨论,谈判,meeting, conference, discussion, negotiation, seminar, summit
h 主持,领导,主席,host, head, leader, chairman, president
△代表,represent, on behalf of
∽互相,彼此,交换,交流,替代,each other, exchange, mutual, replace
ϟ改变,变化,变形,转变,change, alter, transform
﹩美元,货币,金钱,财富,dollar, money, currency, fortune
﹟结束,停止,暂停,完成,stop, pause, end, finish, complete
⊥基础,根本,建立,根据,通过,凭借,based on, establish, according to, through
∪同意,认可,一致,协议,联合,agree, agreement, united, union
☺高兴,荣幸,激动,乐观,满意,happy, pleasure, excited, privilege, honor, satisfied, luck ☹难过,抱歉,同情,哀悼,后悔,生气,sad, sorrow, grief, sorry, sympathy, regret, angry °右上角标,表示人,者,家,如:中国人中°,Economist E°
s右上角标,表示复数概念,如:几年来y s,各国□s
_ 放在时间周围表示之前、之中和之后,如:2年前2y ,1年来1y ,6月后6M 放在缩略词或符号下,用于强调或加强语气,如:充分认识到<: ,深表赞同U
驻英国大使刘晓明在英国外交部欢迎中国青年代表团招待会上的致辞
2010年3月23日
尊敬的团中央第一书记陆昊先生,
青年朋友们:
很高兴出席今晚的招待会。
首先,我要
对陆昊书记和您率领的中国青年代表团访问
英国表示热烈欢迎。
你们是我抵英履新三周
以来接待的第一个正式访英的中国代表团。
5
个多月前,我在朝鲜接待了陆昊书记率领的
中国青年访朝代表团,今天异地重逢,感到
格外高兴。
中英青年交往是中英双边关系中一项很
重要的内容,两国政府都高度重视。
2008年,
温家宝总理和布朗首相共同倡议双方建立
“青年交流机制”,这是富有远见卓识之举。
当前,中英青年交流保持良好的势头。
中国年轻人的“留英热”持续升温,在英中
国留学生已超过10万人。
同时英国的青年对
中国也更加感兴趣,兴起了一股“汉语热”。
前不久我出席了第九届“汉语桥”世界大学
生中文比赛英国赛区预赛,亲身感受到英国
青年对中国语言、文化的浓厚兴趣。
青年是国家的未来和希望,中英关系的
未来需要你们共同开创。
希望中英两国青年
不断加强对话与沟通,增进了解与理解,相
互借鉴与学习,加深合作和友谊,使中英关
系的明天更加美好。
祝愿中国青年代表团访英取得成功!
谢谢大家。