七年级英语单元功能意念
初中英语功能意念项目表
初中英语功能意念项目表————————————————————————————————作者：————————————————————————————————日期：2初中英语功能意念项目表功能问候提示回答Hi!Hello!Good morning/ afternoon / evening. How are you?Please say Hello to your parents. Please give my best love /wishes to Lucy.Hi!Hello!Good morning/ afternoon / evening.I’m OK. / fine, thanks. And you?/ very well, thank you.Sure. / all right功能介绍提示回答My name is Jim.I’m a student.I’m from England.This is Mr. / Mrs. /Miss/ Ms Brown. I’d like you to meet Bob.Hello.How do you do?Nice / glad / pleased to meet( see ) you.功能告别提示回答Good bye./ bye / Bye-bye.Good night.See you later/ then / tomorrow/ soon.I am sorry I have to go now.Good bye./ bye / Bye-bye.Good night.See you later/ then / tomorrow/ soon.功能感谢提示回答Thank you (very much). Thanks a lot.Thank you for your help. It’s very kind /nice of youThat’s OK /all right. You’re welcome. It’s a pleasure.3功能道歉提示回答Sorry.I’m sorry.Excuse me, please.I beg your pardon.I’m sorry (that ) I am late.That’s OK.It’s all right. Never mind.It doesn’t matter. It’s nothing.功能邀请提示回答Would you like to go for a walk?May I invite you to dinner?What / how about having a swimming?1.OK.Thank you.Yes, I’d love to.That would be nice.2.no, thank you.It’s very nice of you, but my mom is ill. I’d love to, but I have no time.I’m sorry I can’t .功能请示允许提示回答May I come in?Can / Could I use your telephone? Would /do you mind if I open the window?1.Yes, please.Sure.Certainly.That’s all right.Of course, you can.2.I’m sorry , it’s not allowed. I’m afraid not.You’d better not.功能祝愿和祝贺提示回答Have a good day/ time /journey/ trip. Good luck.Thank you. You, too.4Enjoy yourself.Best wish to you.Happy New Year.Merry christmas.Congratulations.Well done.The same to you.功能提供帮助提示回答Do you want me to clean the room? Can I help you?What can I do for you?Let me take your bag.1.yes, please.Yes, thanks.Thank you. That would be nice/ fine.Than you for your help2.No, thank you/ thanks.Thank you all the same.That’s very kind of you. But I can do it myself.功能约会提示回答Will you be free tomorrow?Do you have time this afternoon? How about tomorrow morning? When / where shall we meet? Could we meet at 4:30?Let’s make it 4；30.1.Yes, I’ll be free then.All right. See you then.2.I’m afraid I have no time then.Sorry , I won’t be free then, but I’ll be free tomorrow.功能打电话提示回答Hello. May I speak to Tom? Hello. I’d like to speak to Mr. Green.Is that kTom speaking?1234567,please.Can I leave a message?I’ll call back later /again.Hello. This is Tom speaking.Hello. Who is this?Hold the line, please.Just a moment, please.Hello. Who’s speaking?Sorry , he/ she isn’t here ri ght now.5I’ll ring him / her up again.Can I take a message?I’m afraid you have the wrong number.功能就餐提示回答Would you like something to eat/ drink?What would you like( to have)?Would you like some more rice?1. yes, I’d like a drink. I’d like rice and chicken.Just a little.Can I have some more soup? It’s so delicious, thank you.2.No, thank you.I’m full, thank you.功能就医提示回答What’s the matter?Do you have a fever?It’s nothing serious.Take the medicine three times a day. You’ll be all right/ well soon.I have a headache /cough /fever.I feel terrible /bad /awful.I don’t feel well.I can’t sleep well.功能购物提示回答Can / may I help you?What can I do for you?How many/ much would you like? What color /size/ kind would you like?What about about this one?I want / I’d like a pair of shoes. How much is it / are they?May I try it on? It’s too big / small.Sorry , it’s to expensive.Do you have any other colors /sizes /kinds? Two and a half kilos /pounds, please. That’s fine. I’ll take it.6功能问路提示回答Excuse me. Where’s the washroom?Can you tell me how to get to the post office? Excuse me. Which bus goes to world park? Excuse me. Which is the way to the bank of china? Excuse me. Could you tell me the way to the station, please?How can I get to No.4 middle school?It’s over there.It’s about 400 meters from here. Go down this street until you see thetall red building.Turn right /left at the first/ secondcrossing / corner.You can’t miss it.You can take bus No.3.You’d better take a taxi.2. Sorry, I don’t know, I;m new here.功能谈论天气提示回答What’s the weather like today?How’s the weather in Beijing?What a cold / hot day today! It’s a nice / fine /beautiful day today.It’s sunny/ cloudy/ windy/ rainy/ snowy/foggy.It’s getting cold / hot /warm/ cool.功能时间提示回答What’s the time, please?What time is it?When did you come to China? What time do you get up every day?It’s half past five./ twenty to nine.I came to China in 1998.I get up at 6 o’clock.功能时段提示回答How long have you been in this school? How long does it take you to get to school?When did you live in Beijing?How long have you been ill?I have been in this school for 3 years.It takes me 20 minutes by bike.I lived in Beijing from1996 to 1999.I have been ill since last Monday.7功能频率提示回答How often do you go to movies?I go to the movie once a week.I often go to movies.功能位置提示回答Where is the picture?It’s on /at /above /in /under /beside /near/behindthe table.He sits at the back of the room. The lab is in the center of the school.功能方向提示回答Which is the way to the station? Where is the train / bus going?Where are you going?Go down this street, and turn left /right at thefirst turning /crossing.The train is going to Xi’an.I’m going to the railway station.I’m leaving for Shanghai.功能距离提示回答How for is your school from here?It’s about 40 minutes by bike. It’s about 6 kilometers /miles away.功能存在提示回答Is there a bird in the tree? Are there any apples on the tree?What’s in the tree?Yes, there is /are .There’s a bird in the tree. There are many /a lot of birds in the tree.功能形状8提示回答What does it look like?It looks like a cat. It’s long /tall /short.功能颜色提示回答What color is the bag?It’s green / red /blue.功能形状提示回答What’s the table made of? What’s the wine made from?It’s made of wood. It’s made from grapes.功能价格提示回答How much is the dicionary?How much is it?How much are they?Is it cheap / expensive?It’s $25.They are $25.It costs me $25. It’s cheap/ expensive.功能规格提示回答What size is your sweater? What size shoes do you wear?The size of my sweater is XXL.It’s too big / small for me.功能形状提示回答How old are you? How old is he /she?I’m 18.He /she is 6 years old.功能长度提示回答9How long is the bridge?It’s about 400 meters /feet long.功能宽度提示回答How wide is the river?It’s about 200 meters wide.功能高度提示回答How tall /high is the building?It’s 130 meters tall/ high功能数量提示回答How many students are there in your class? How much water do you drink every day?There are 40 in our class.I drink 5 glasses of water every day.功能工作提示回答What do you do?What’s your job? What are you going to be?I’m a teacher /doctor/ worker/farmer. I’m going to be a scientist/ an engineer.功能原因提示回答Why are you late for school?Because I got up late this morning.功能工作单位提示回答Where do you work?I’m teaching in a high school.10。
新仁爱版(2024)七年级英语上册Unit 2 功能与语音课件
teacher
nurse
workactory
Example： A: Where does a teacher work? B: A teacher works in a school.
Pre-listening
cook restaurant
Activity 1
Pre-listening
Pronunciation P23
Phonetic symbols
Activity 1
Listen to the chant. Pay attention to the pronunciation of the colored letters.
Kate keeps a big pet. Its name is Ted. Ted gets a bag. The bag is on his bed. Ted is a cute cat. He meets dad at the gate.
七年级上册仁爱版
Unit 2 Meet My Family!
Function and Pronunciation P22-23
Learning Objectives
In this class, you will be able to
• express and discuss various jobs and their related workplaces; • listen and extract necessary information from the conversation; • talk about your family members freely and logically; • notice and pay attention to the pronunciation of the colored
英语功能意念表述用语
功能意念日常用语：1．问候Good morning. 早上好。
Good afternoon. 下午好。
Good evening. 晚上好。
Hello./ Hi.你好。
How are you?你好吗？How are you doing? 你过得好吗？How are you getting on? 你过得好吗？How are things with you? 你近来过得怎么样？How is everything going? 一切都好吗？如：①Hello, Jack. Haven’t seen you for a long time/ages! How’s everything going?你好，杰克。
好久没见你了。
你一切都好吗？②Oh, hello, Mr. Wang. I’m so glad to see you. How’re you doing?喂，你好，王先生。
见到你很高兴。
你还好吗？③Hi, John! Nice to meet you here. How are you getting on?你好，约翰！在这儿见到你真高兴，你一切都好吗？④----Hi, Tom!嗨，汤姆！----Hi, Green.嗨，格林！----How are you doing?你好吗？----Fine, and you?很好，你呢？----Great. What is happening with you these days?也很好。
你最近有什么事情发生吗？-----Nothing much.没什么。
◆第二者向第三者表达问候：Please give my regards to sb.请代我向某人问好。
Please give my best wishes to sb. 请代我向某人问好。
Please give my love to sb. 请代我向某人问好。
Say hello to sb.向某人问好。
Please remember me to sb. 请代我向某人问好。
七年级上英语各单元的知识点
七年级上英语各单元的知识点作为七年级英语学习的重要组成部分，各单元的知识点扎实掌握对于学生提高英语水平至关重要。
本文将全面介绍七年级上英语各单元的知识点，帮助学生深入了解和掌握相关知识。
第一单元：英语字母和音标在学习英语时，最基本的就是掌握英语字母和音标。
这是英语学习的基础，也是学好英语的先决条件。
七年级上英语第一单元主要学习英语字母和音标的认读和书写，掌握26个英文字母及其大小写形式、读音及对应音标。
第二单元：数词数词是英语中基本的语言元素，是英语中不可缺少的一部分。
在七年级上第二单元中，主要掌握基数词和序数词的读法、书写和用法。
学会表达年龄、日期、时间等基本的数字概念。
第三单元：人称代词和动词的to be人称代词和动词的to be是英语语法中的基础知识点，在七年级上第三单元中需要掌握的重点是人称代词的主格、宾格、名词性物主代词和反身代词的用法，以及动词to be在人称代词和形容词后面的变化。
第四单元：一般现在时七年级上第四单元的重点是学习一般现在时。
需要学生掌握的知识点有：一般现在时的构成、肯否定句、疑问句、特殊疑问句的构成和用法；常用的时间状语、频率副词和动词的第三人称单数形式等。
第五单元：表示喜好和习惯的动词在七年级上第五单元，学习了表示喜好和习惯的动词。
这个单元的重点是学生掌握这些动词的基本用法，了解动词与名词、形容词连用时的搭配和构成等。
同时，学习了询问和对答案有关爱好方面的对话。
第六单元：there be句型和家具第六单元的学习中，学生需要掌握there be句型的构成、特殊问句、肯定和否定句的构成和用法；能够描述自己房间中的家具、物品等，并通过描述与他人交流信息。
第七单元：时间状语从句本单元主要教授时间状语从句的用法和形式。
需要学生掌握的知识点有：时间状语从句的引导词、构成和意义等；掌握时间状语从句在主句中的位置和语序，以及与主句之间的其他语法关系。
第八单元：一般过去时七年级上第八单元的重点是掌握一般过去时的构成、肯非定句、疑问句、特殊疑问句的构成和用法等。
七年级英语上册功能意念
A: Mary, ↘is this your pencil?↗ B: Yes,↘ it is.↘ It's mine.↘ A: Are these your books?↗ B: No,↘ they aren't. ↘They're hers. ↘
属性
课标级别
2、5、8级(必填)
训练
听力或书面训练题(至少1题，必填，包括题目、答案和解 析，听力包括听力录音)
其他表意功能
此句具有的其他功能链接(选填)
属性
属性内容
生活中学生经常发生丢失物品或捡到物品的情况，引导学生利用寻物启事或失物招领来解决这类问题。
这是你的铅笔吗？ （音频） Is this your pencil?↗ 一般疑问句。
2级 听句子, 选择最佳 答语(每小题1分,共 5分) ( )1. A. It’s a book. B. No, it isn’t. C.
1. Is that your backpack ? 2. How do
Yes, it’s a
you spell
backpack.
your
( )2. A. N-A-M-E. B.
name,
My name is Tom.
Tom?
C. T-O-M. ( )3. A. Yes, it is. B.
（音频）
3. Excuse me. Is this
No, I’m A. Excuse me.
baseball? 4. Your
B. Thank you. C.
说话人
通常这句话由谁说出来，如营业员、顾客、介绍人、被 介绍人等
七年级英语单元功能意念
一级分类二级分类介绍(Introduction)My name'sGina.序号功能语句分类Hi! Hello!1社会交往(social communications)句子内容问候(Greetings)6存在(Existence)7特征(Features)计量(Measurement)82态度(Attitudes)空间(Space)5情感(Emotions)34时间(Time)(Measurement)比较(Comparison)逻辑关系(Logicalrelations)109属性说明句子的用法(必填)句子翻译句子对应音频文件语调标注问句/答句/一般陈述(可多选)相对应的问句或答句(与前一项关联，前项为问句或答句，才有此项内容)相同表意功能下近义句型的辨析(选填)典型应用场景通常在什么场景下应用？(必填)说话人通常这句话由谁说出来，如营业员、顾客、介绍人、被介绍人等典型应用场景通常在什么场景下应用？(必填)说话人通常这句话由谁说出来，如营业员、顾客、介绍人、被介绍人等2、5、8级(必填)听力或书面训练题(至少1题，必填，包括题目、答案和解析，听力包括听力录音)此句具有的其他功能链接(选填)句子的用法(必填)句子翻译句子对应音频文件语调标注问句/答句/一般陈述(可多选)相对应的问句或答句(与前一项关联，前项为问句或答句，才有此项内容)相同表意功能下近义句型的辨析(选填)典型应用场景通常在什么场景下应用？(必填)说话人通常这句话由谁说出来，如营业员、顾客、介绍人、被介绍人等典型应用场景通常在什么场景下应用？(必填)说话人通常这句话由谁说出来，如营业员、顾客、介绍人、被介绍人等场景应用1课标级别其他表意功能训练场景应用2语调分析会话范例句子类型属性项表意功能译文读音在某一场景下应用的对话(与上面场景对应，至少1段，必填，内容包括对话文字内容、译文、朗读的音频)对应语句近似句型会话范例在某一场景下应用的对话(与上面场景对应，至少1段，必填，内容包括对话文字内容、译文、朗读的音频)属性表意功能译文在某一场景下应用的对话(与上面场景对应，至少1段，必填，内容包括对话文字内容、译文、朗读的音频)在某一场景下应用的对话(与上面场景对应，至少1段，必填，内容包括对话文字内容、译文、朗读的音频)近似句型场景应用1会话范例场景应用2会话范例读音语调分析句子类型对应语句2、5、8级(必填)听力或书面训练题(至少1题，必填，包括题目、答案和解析，听力包括听力录音)此句具有的其他功能链接(选填)其他表意功能在某一场景下应用的对话(与上面场景对应，至少1段，必填，内容包括对话文字内容、译文、朗读的音频)2会话范例课标级别训练A: Hi, Sarah!嗨，萨拉！（音频）A: Hi ↘, 'Sarah ↗!B: Hi, Mike!嗨，迈克！（音频）B: Hi ↗, 'Mike ↘!A: Hello, I'm Baobao!你好，我叫宝宝！（音频）A: Hello ↗, I'm 'Baobao B: Hi, I'm Feifei!嗨，我叫菲菲！（音频）B: Hi ↗, I'm 'Feifei ↘!填空：A: Hi! Lily!B: _____! Lucy!（音频）Hello 根据录音，答案为Hello 。
初中英语功能意念项目表
功能
问候
提示
回答
Hi!
Hello!
Good morning/ afternoon / evening.
How are you?
Please say Hello to your parents.
Please give my best love /wishes to Lucy.
Hi!
2.no, thank you.
It’s very nice of you, but my mom is ill.
I’d love to, but I have no time.
I’m sorry I can’t .
功能
请示允许
提示
回答
May I come in?
Can / Could I use your telephone?
I feel terrible /bad /awful.
I don’t feel well.
I can’t sleep well.
功能
购物
提示
回答
Can / may I help you?
What can I do for you?
How many/ much would you like?
What color /size/ kind would you like?
1.Yes, I’ll be free then.
All right. See you then.
2.I’m afraid I have no time then.
Sorry , I won’t be free then, but I’ll be free tomorrow.
初中英语功能意念项目表
That’s fine. I’ll take it.
功能
问路
提示
回答
Excuse me. Where’s the washroom?
Can you tell me how to get to the post office?
Excuse me. Which bus goes to world park?
It takes me 20 minutes by bike.
I lived in Beijing from1996 to 1999.
I have been ill since last Monday.
功能
频率
提示
回答
How often do you go to movies?
I go to the movie once a week.
I often go to movies.
功能
位置
提示
回答
Where is the picture?
It’s on /at /above /in /under /beside /near /behindthe table.
He sits at the back of the room.
The lab is in the center of the school.
1.Yes, I’ll be free then.
All right. See you then.
2.I’m afraid I have no tiቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱe then.
Sorry , I won’t be free then, but I’ll be free tomorrow.
鲁教版七年级上英语各单元重要概念总结
鲁教版七年级上英语各单元重要概念总结本文档旨在总结鲁教版七年级上英语各单元的重要概念，以帮助同学们更好地复和巩固所学知识。
Unit 1: Nice to meet you- Greetings: Hello, Hi, How are you?, Nice to meet you, etc.- Basic introductions: My name is..., I'm from..., I'm... years old, etc.- Building simple conversations: What's your name?, Where are you from?, How old are you?, etc.Unit 2: School life- School subjects: English, math, science, etc.- School facilities and areas: classroom, library, playground, etc.- Time-related words and phrases: timetable, class schedule, etc.- Describing school activities: study, read, write, etc.Unit 3: Hobbies- Leisure activities: play sports, listen to music, watch movies, etc.- Expressing likes and dislikes: I like..., I don't like..., etc.- Talking about frequency: always, usually, sometimes, etc.Unit 4: At home- Home and rooms: living room, bedroom, kitchen, etc.- Furniture and household items: table, chair, bed, etc.- Describing home activities: cook, clean, watch TV, etc.- Simple prepositions: in, on, under, etc.Unit 5: My family- Vocabulary related to family members: father, mother, brother, etc.- Describing family relationships: He is my father, She is my sister, etc.- Talking about family members' occupations: My dad is a doctor, etc.Unit 6: Food and drinks- Food and beverages: rice, noodles, milk, water, etc.- Talking about preferences: I like..., I don't like..., etc.- Expressing hunger and thirst: I'm hungry/thirsty, etc.Unit 7: Daily routines- Daily activities: get up, have breakfast, go to school, etc.- Adverbs of frequency: always, usually, sometimes, etc.- Describing the time: morning, afternoon, evening, etc. Unit 8: Weather- Weather conditions: sunny, rainy, cloudy, etc.- Talking about the seasons: spring, summer, fall, winter, etc. - Describing the temperature: hot, cold, warm, etc.以上是鲁教版七年级上英语各单元的重要概念总结。
意念功能理论
功能与意念概说(General remarks：functions andnotions)语言研究有多种途径，传统语法是研究语言的语法结构，交际语法是研究用何种适当的语言形式实现语言的交际功能和意念的表达。
功能意念是交际语法的术语，因此交际语法也称为功能意念法。
交际语法认为，语言的使用，通常始于某种交际意图，通过一定的词语和结构形式而终于一定的言语行为，即实现一定的交际功能和意念。
学习英语，最终的目的是获得使用英语进行语言交际、表达交际功能、意念的能力。
形式语法涉及语言结构形式本身。
交际语法则关乎这种结构形式在各种具体情况下的使用，即其所表达的交际功能意念。
1)定义与分类说话和写作要利用词和词的组合，所以中国人学习英语时适当地了解英语语法知识以便掌握词的组合规则(即形式语法)是有益的。
但是，组合的语句归根结底要用于一定的交际场合，因此重要的是学会在特定的情景或语境中为特定的目的正确而恰当地使用语句，学会在什么情况下说什么和怎样说，即学会使用英语表达交际功能意念。
话语的功能指使用语言去实现什么交际动机、做什么事情或进行什么言语行为。
像陈述、询问、评价、表态、建议、命令、请求、道歉、感谢、惊奇、表扬等都是常见的功能项目。
这样一些功能都带有普遍性即一般功能，可以体现在不同的具体情景之中，例如陈述与询问这两种信息交换的功能就可能出现在日常生活、工作、社交、通信、旅游等活动当中。
一般功能结合特殊的情景，便是话语的特殊功能领域，如某实验手段的表述、某基因突变的解释等。
意念指说话的内容所涉及的概念或话题。
按照抽象程度的不同，意念可分为一般意念和特殊意念。
前者如空间、时间、数量、质量、移动、关系等，后者如个人情况、家庭、学习、健康、衣服、计算机、汽车、节假日等等。
具体到医学，就有病人与实验对象的情况、肿瘤、基因表达、排斥反应、实验结果等等。
围绕着意念可以展现各种话语。
功能和意念这两种要素在实际的话语中是紧密结合、相互依存的。
中考英语功能意念项目表
功能意念项目表（一）社会交往 (Social Communications) (1)问候 (Greetings)Please say hello to your parents.Please give my love / best wishes to Lucy.(2)介绍 (Introduction)This is Mr. / Mrs. / Miss / Ms Brown.(3)告别 (Farewells )A.See you later / then / tomorrow / soon.I am sorry I have to go now.I am afraid I must be leaving now.(4)感 (Thanks )A. Thank you for your help.It's very kind / nice of you.I appreciate your help.B. It's a pleasure.My pleasure.That's OK/ all right.You're welcome.Don' t mention it.(5)道歉(Apologies)A. Sorry. I'm sorry.Excuse me, please.I beg your pardon.I' m sorry for losing your book. I'm sorry to interrupt you.I'm sorry (that) I'm late.B. That's OK.Thatt's all right.Never mind.It doesn't matter.It's nothing.Forget it.(6)邀请(Invitation)A. Would you like to go for a walk? You must come to dinner with us. May I invite you to dinner?What / How about having a swim? B1. OK.Thank you.I'd like that, thanks.Yes, I'd love to.That would be very nice.B2. No, thank you.It's very nice of you, but my mother is ill.I'd love to, but I'm afraid I have no time.I'm sorry I can't. What about another time?(7)请求允许 (Asking for permission )A. May I come in?Can / Could I use your telephone?Is it all right if I sit here?I wonder if I could smoke here.Would / Do you mind if I open the window?B1. Yes, please. Sure. Certainly.Please do. That's all right. Of course, you can. Go ahead, please.B2.I'm sorry, it's not allowed.I'm afraid not. You'd better not.It' s not allowed.I'm sorry, but you can smoke in the next room.(8)祝贺与祝愿 (Expressing wishes and congratulations)A. Have a good day / time!Have a good journey / trip!Good luck!Enjoy yourself!Best wishes to you.Happy New Year!Merry Christmas!Happy birthday!Wish you all the success! Congratulations!Well done!B. Thank you.You, too.The same to you.(9)提供帮助 (Offering help)A. Do you want me to clean the room? Can I help you?Would you like me to help you? What can I do for you?Let me take your bags.B1. Yes, please. Yes, thanks.Thank you.That would be nice / fine.Thank you for your (the) help.B2. No, thanks / thank you.Thank you all the same.That's very kind of you, but I can manage it myself.(10)约会(Making appointments )A. Will you be free tomorrow?Do you have time this afternoon?How about tomorrow morning?When / Where shall we meet?Could we meet at 4:30?Let's make it 4:30.B1. Yes, I'll be free then.All right. See you then.B2. I'm afraid I have no time then.Sorry, I won't be free then. But I'll be free tomorrow.(11) 打 (Making telephone calls )A. Hello! May I speak to Tom?Hello! I'd like to speak to Mr. Green.Is that Liu Ying speaking?Can I leave a message?I'll call back later / again.I'll ring him / her up again.B. Hello! This is Mary speaking.Hello, who is this?Hold on, please.Just a moment, please.Hello, who's speaking?Sorry. He / She isn't here right now.Can I take a message?Sorry. I can't hear you.The line is bad / busy.I couldn't get through.Sorry, I'm afraid you have the wrong number.(12) 就餐 (Having meals)A. Would you like something to eat / drink? What would you like (to have)?Would you like some more fish?Help yourself to some fish.Which do you prefer, rice or noodles?What would you like to drink, tea or coffee? B1.Yes, I'd like a drink.I'd like rice and chicken.Just a little, please.Can I have some more soup?It's so delicious. Thank you.I prefer noodles to rice. I like green tea. B2. No, thank you. I've had enough.I'm full, thank you.It's very delicious, but I can't eat any more.(13)就医 (Seeing the doctor)A. What's the matter?What seems to be the trouble?Do you have a fever?How long have you felt like this?It's nothing serious.Take this medicine three times a day.You'll be all right / well soon.Give up smoking and keep on taking more exercises.B. I have a headache / cough / fever.I feel terrible / bad / horrible / awful.I don't feel well.I've got a pain here.It hurts here.I don't feel like eating.I can't sleep well.(14)购物 (Shopping)A. Can / May I help you?What can I do for you?How many / much would you like?What colour / size / kind would you like?What about this one?Here's your change.B. I want /I'd like a pair of shoes.How much is it / are they?May I try it on?It's too big / small.Sorry, it's too expensive.Do you have any other colours / sizes / kinds?Two and a half kilos / pounds, please.That's fine. I'll take it.Just have a look.Well, I'11 think about it.(15) 问路 (Asking the way)A. Excuse me. Where's the washroom?Can you tell me how to get to the post office?Excuse me. Which bus goes to World Park?Excuse me. Which is the way to the Bank of China?Excuse me. Could you tell me the way t6 the station, please? How can I get to No. 4 Middle School?B1. It's over there.It's about 400 metres from here.Go down this street until you see the tall red building.Turn right / left at the first / second crossing / comer.You can't miss it.You can take bus No. 103.You'd better take a taxi. ?B2. Sorry. I don't know. I'm a stranger here.(16)谈论天气 (Talking about weather)A. What's the weather like today?How's the weather in Beijing?What a cold / hot day today!It's a nice / fine / beautiful day today.B. It's sunny / cloudy / windy / rainy / snowy / foggy.It's getting cool / cold / warm / hot.(17)语言交际困难(Language difficulties in communication)Pardon?I beg your pardon? I don't understand. Sorry, I can't follow you. Could you say that again, please?Could you repeat that, please? Can you speak more slowly, please? What do you mean by that?How do you say ... in English?I don't know how to say that in English.I don't know the word in English.How do you spell it, please?I'm sorry I only know a little English.(18)提醒注意 (Reminding and warning)Don't forget your raincoat. Remember to lock the door. Make sure that all the windows are closed.Mind your head/step!No smoking!No spitting!Wet floor!Look out!Be careful!Don't touch!It's dangerous!(19)劝告(Advice)You'd better go to see the doctor.You should listen to and read English everyday.You need to buy a Chinese-English dictionary.If I were you, I'd phone him now.Don't rush / hurry/ push. Please stand in line.(20) 建议(Suggestions)Let's go and have a look.Should we go now?What / How about a picnic this Sunday?Why don't you buy a computer?Why not go to a movie?（二）态度 (Attitudes)(21) 同意和不同意 (Agreement and disagreement) Sure. Certainly.That's correct.Of course. All right.I agree.No problem.That's a good idea.Yes, I think so.No way.Of course not.I don't agree.I don't think so.I'm afraid not.(22)喜欢和不喜欢(Likes and dislikes)This book is very interesting.I like / love the movie (very much).I like / love to play computer games.I like taking photos.I enjoy listening to music.I'm interested in science.He is fond of music.This song is bad / awful.I don't like the movie very much / at all.I don't enjoy collecting stamps.I hate to do homework.(23)肯定和不肯定 (Certainty and uncertainty)I'm sure.I'm sure of that.I'm (quite) sure (that) she'll join us.There is no doubt that it's made of silk.It's clear that it will rain soon.I'm not so sure.I'm not sure of that.I'm not sure whether / if she can come.Maybe you're right.Perhaps she is at home now.It's hard to say.(24)可能和不可能 (Possibility and impossibility)A. He can / may come today.It may snow tonight. It's possible to finish the homework before 6 o'clock.B. He can't be in the office now.It's impossible to finish my homework within one hour.(25)能够和不能够 (Ability and inability)He can ride a bike. He's able to pass the math exam.He is good at football.He can't swim.He's unable to walk any more.She's not good at swimming.(26)偏爱和爱好 (Preference and hobbies)I prefer tea. Which do you prefer, tea or coffee?I prefer tea to coffee.I'd prefer to go by train.I like English better / the best.My favourite subject is physics.I'd rather drink coffee than tea,Where would you rather go, London or Tokyo?(27)意愿和打算 (Intentions and plans)I'll go with you.I'm going to see my head teacher this afternoon.I'd like to make a phone call to her after class.I want / hope to find an English pen-friend.I plan to go to Hangzhou this summer.We are ready to move to a new house.I am thinking of driving to Beijing.I won't see the movie again.I'm not going to buy the book.I don't want to live in the big city.(28)希望和愿望(Hope and wish)I wish to see you again.I hope to become a doctor.I hope it stays fine.I wish I were younger.I hope so.I hope not.(29)表扬和鼓励(Praise and encouragement)A. Very good!Well done!Wonderful!Excellent!You speak English very well.Your dress is beautiful!Come on! Keep trying!You can do it!B. Thank you.OK. I'll try it again.(30)责备和抱怨(Blame and complaint)What do you mean by doing so?How could you cheat your teacher?Why didn't you tell me the truth?I'm sorry to have said that, but this room is too dirty, Why don't you do something about it?(31) 冷淡(Indifference)I don't care,I don't care what you do.It doesn't matter to me.I don't mind if you smoke.It's none of my business.（三）情感(Emotions)(32)高兴(Happiness)How wonderful / nice!That's lovely / great / wonderful!I'm so happy.It's well done.I'm pleased to know that.(33)惊奇(Surprise)Really?Oh dear!Is that so?What a surprise!How nice to see you!How surprising!I'm surprised.It surprises me that your English is so beautiful. Does that surprise you?Is this what you expected?(34)忧虑(Worries)What's wrong?What's the matter?Anything wrong?What should we do?Is something worrying you?Are you worried about your health?(35)安慰(Reassurance)There, there. Don't be afraid.Don't worry.It's (quite) all right.It'll be OK / all right.(36)满意(Satisfaction)Good!Well done!Perfect!That's fine.That's better.That's good enough.I'm pleased with your spoken English.(37)遗憾(Regret)I'm so sorry!It's a great pity!What a shame!That's too bad!(38)同情(Sympathy)I'm so sorry!I'm so sorry about your illness.I'm sorry to hear you are going away.(39)恐惧 (Fear)Help!How terrible!I'm afraid of that dog.I'm frightened.（四）时间(Time)(41)时刻(Point of time)A. Excuse me. What's the time, please?Excuse me. What time is it?Have you got the time?When did you come to China?What time do you get up every day?B. It's half past five / twenty to nine.I came to China in 1998.I get up at 6 o'clock.(42)时段(Duration)A. How long have you been in this school?How long does it take you to get to school? When did you live in Beijing?How long have you been ill?B. I have been in this school for three years. It takes me twenty minutes by bike.I lived in Beijing from 1996 to 1999.I have been ill since last Monday night.(43) 频度(Frequency)A. How often do you go to movies?B. I go to the movie once a week.I often/never go to movies.(44) 时序(Sequence)What did you do next?Finally we found our way out.It rained even harder later on.（五）空间(Space)(45)位置(Position)A. Where is the picture?B. It's on / at / above / in / under / beside / near / behind the table. He sits at the back of the room.The lab is in the centre of the school.(46)方向(Direction)A. Which is the way to the station?Where is the train / bus going?Where are you going?B. Go down this street, and turn left / right at the first crossing. The train is going to Xi'an.The train is going to the east / west / south / north.I'm going to the railway station. I'm leaving for Shanghai.(47)距离(Distance)A. How far is your school from here?B. It's about 40 minutes by bike.It's about 6 kilometres / miles away.（六）存在(Existence)(48) 存在(Existence)A. Is there a bird in the tree?Are there any apples in the tree?What's in the tree?B. Yes, there is / are.There's a bird in the tree.There are many / a lot of birds in the tree.(49) 不存在(Non-existence)A. Is there an English book in the schoolbag?Are there any English books in the schoolbag?Isn't there any water in the bottle?B. No, there isn't / aren't (any).There isn't an English book in the schoolbag.There aren't any English books in the schoolbag.No, there's no water in the bottle.There's no more paper in the printer.（七）特征(Features)(50)形状(Shape)A. What does it look like?What's the shape of the clouds?B. It looks like a camel.It's round / long / tall / short.It's a circle / square.It's a U-shaped road.(51)颜色(Colour)A. What colour is the bag?B. It's green / red / blue / yellow / black / white / orange / purple / dark blue.I like the photo in black and white.(52)材料 (Material)A. What's the table made of?What's the red wine made from?B. It's made of wood.It's made from grapes.I bought a woolen sweater yesterday.(53)价格(Price)A. How much is the dictionary?How much is it?How much are they?Is it cheap / expensive?B. The dictionary costs me 100 yuan.The dictionary is expensive / cheap.(54)规格(Size)A. What size is your sweater?What size shoes do you wear?B. The size of my sweater is XXL.It's too big / small / long / short for me.(55) 年龄(Age)A. How old are you?How old is he / she?B. I'm eighteen.He / She is six years old. Uncle Wang is an old man.（八）计量(Measurement)(56)长度(Length)A. How long is the bridge?B. It's 430 metres / feet long.(57)宽度(Width)A. How wide is the river?B. It's about 200 metres wide.(58)高度(Height)A. How tall / high is the building?B. It's 130 metres tall / high.The building has 85 floors / stories.(59) 数量(Number)A. How many students are there in your class?How much water do you drink every day?B. There are forty students in our class.I drink five glasses of water every day.（九）比较 (Comparison)(60)同级比较 (Equal comparison)My ruler is as long as yours.I can run as fast as you can.This book is not as interesting as that one.I can't run so fast as you can.(61)差别比较(Comparative and superlative)Lily is younger than Kate.The red skirt is more expensive than the yellow one.I run faster than Jim.Mrs. Baker walks more slowly than Mr. Baker.Jim is the tallest in his class.Tom is the best of all.(62)相似和差别(Similarity and difference)This picture is the same as that one on the wall. Lucy is like her mother.Tom looks like his father.My picture is different from yours.There are five differences between the two pictures.（十）逻辑关系(Logical relations)(63)原因和结果 (Cause and effect )A. Why are you late for school?How could you miss the train / plane?B. Because I got up late this morning.As he was ill, he couldn't come to school.Since she did not feel well, she stayed at home. Because of the bad traffic, we missed the train. He ate too much, so he did not feel well.(64)目的(Purpose)A. Why are you here today?Why did you do that?B. I came here to see you off.（十一）职业 (Occupation)(65)工作(Job)A.What do you do?What's your job?What are you going to be?B. I'm a teacher / doctor / worker / farmer / businessman / manager. I'm going to be a scientist / computer engineer.(66)单位(Employer)A. Where do you work?B. I'm teaching English In a high-school..。
初一英语第一单元讲解
初一英语第一单元讲解一、单元概述本单元是初一英语学习的开篇单元，旨在帮助学生适应新的学习环境，了解英语学习的基本要求和内容。
本单元将介绍英语的基本知识和技能，为后续的学习打下坚实的基础。
二、课程目标通过本单元的学习，学生将能够：了解英语学习的基本要求和内容；掌握基本的英语语音、词汇和语法知识；培养基本的英语听、说、读、写技能；学会运用所学知识进行简单的英语交流。
三、重点词汇本单元将学习一些基本的英语单词，如hello、goodbye、yes、no、please等。
学生应掌握这些单词的发音、拼写和基本用法。
四、语法点解析本单元将介绍一些基本的英语语法知识，如名词的数、形容词的比较级和最高级等。
学生应理解这些语法点的含义和用法，并能在实际情境中运用。
五、课文解析与学习本单元的课文将通过简单的对话和短文，介绍基本的英语知识。
学生应通过阅读课文，理解课文内容，掌握所学词汇和语法知识，同时培养英语阅读和理解能力。
六、听力训练通过听力训练，学生能够提高英语听力水平，增强对英语语音和语调的敏感度。
本单元将通过一些简单的听力材料，帮助学生熟悉英语的发音和语调。
七、口语实践通过口语实践，学生能够提高英语口语表达能力，增强自信心。
本单元将通过一些简单的对话练习，帮助学生掌握基本的英语口语表达技巧。
八、阅读理解练习通过阅读理解练习，学生能够提高英语阅读能力和理解能力。
本单元将提供一些简单的阅读材料，帮助学生理解课文内容，同时掌握阅读技巧。
九、写作技能培养通过写作技能培养，学生能够提高英语写作能力，增强表达能力。
本单元将通过一些简单的写作练习，帮助学生掌握基本的英语写作技巧。
新目标英语初中语法之“功能意念项目表”
◆社会交往(social communications)1.问候(greetings)Hi.Good morning/ afternoon / evening How are you?How are you doing?Please say hello to your parents. Please give my love / best wishes to her.HiHelloGood morning/ afternoon / eveningI am OK.Fine, thanks, and you?Very well, thank you.Just so so.Sure.All right.2.介绍(introduction)My name is Jim.I am a student.I am from England.This is Mr. / Mrs. / Miss. Brown.I’d like you to meet Bob.May I introduce Professor Jeff Brown/Hello.How do you do/Nice / glad / pleased to meet you.3.告别(farewells)Good bye / bye / bye-byeGood night.See you later / then / tomorrow / soon.I am sorry I have to go now.I am afraid I must be leaving now.Good bye / bye / bye-bye.See you.Good night.See you later / then / tomorrow / soon.4.感谢(thanks)Thank you very much.Thanks a lot.Thank you for your help.It’s very kind / nice of you.I appreciate your help.It’s a pleasure.My pleasure.That’s OK / all right.You are welcome.Don’t mention it.5.道歉(apologies)Sorry.I am sorry,Excuse meI beg your pardonI am sorry for losing your book I am sorry to interrupt youI am sorry that I am late That’s OKIt’s all rightNever mindIt doesn’t matterIt’s nothingForget it6.邀请(invitation)Would you like to go to a walk?You must come to dinner with me.May I invite you to dinner/What / how about having a swim?OKI’d like that, thanks.Yes, I’d love to.That would be very niceNo, thanks.It’s very nice of you, but my mother is ill I’d love to. But I am afraid I have no time I’m sorry I can’t, what about another time?7.请求允许(asking and permission)May I come in/Can / could I use your telephone?Would / do you mind if I open the window/Yes, pleaseSureCertainlyThat’s all rightOf course, you canI am sorry, it’s not allowedI am afraid notYou’d better not8.祝愿和祝贺(expressing wishes and congratulations) Have a good time / dayHave a good tripGood luckEnjoy yourselfBest wishes to youHappy New YearMerry ChristmasHappy birthdayCongratulationsWell doneThank youYou, tooThe same to you9.提供帮助(offering help)Do you want me to clean the room?Can I help you?Would you like me to help you/What can I do for you/Let me take your bagsYes, pleaseYes, thanksThank you, that would be fineThank you for your helpNo, thanksThank you all the sameThat’s very kind of you, but I can manage it myself 10.约会(making appointments)Will you be free tomorrow/Do you have time this afternoonHow about tomorrow morningWhen / where shall we meetCould we meet at 4:30Let’s meet at 4:30Yes, I will be free thenAll right, see you thenI’m afraid I have no time thenSorry, I won’t be free then, but I’ll be free tomorrow 11.打电话(making telephone)Hello, may I speak to himHello, I’d like to speak to sbIs that sb speakingCan I leave a messageI will call back laterI will ring her upHello, this is sb speakingHello, who is thatHold the lineJust a momentHello, who is speakingSorry, he isn’t here right nowCan I take a messageThe line is badI could n’t get throughSorry, I am afraid you have the wrong number 12.就餐(having meals)Would you like sth to eat / drinkWhat would you like to eatWould you like some more fishHelp yourself to some fishYes, I’d like a drinkI’d like rice and chickenJust a little, pleaseCan I have some more soupIt’s delicious, thank youI like green teaNo, thank youI’m full, thank you13.就医(seeing the doctors) What’s the matterDo you have a feverHow long have you been like this It’s nothing seriousTake this medicine three times a day You’ll be all right / wellI have a headache / coughI feel terrible / bad / awfulI don’t feel wellI have got a pain hereIt hurts hereI don’t feel like eating14.购物(shopping)Can I help youWhat can I do for youHow many / much would you like/What color / size / kind would you likeWhat about this oneHere’s your changeI’d like a pair of shoesHow much is it / are theyMay I try it onIt’s too big / smallSorry, it’ s too expensiveDo you have any other color / size / kindTwo and a half kilosThat’s fine, I’ll take itJust have a lookWell, I will think about it.15.问路(asking the way)Excuse me, where’s the washroomCan you tell me how to get to the post office Excuse me, which bus goes to world park Excuse me, which is the way to the bank of china Excuse me, could you tell me the way to the stationHow can I get to No.4 middle schoolIt’s over thereIt’s about 400 meters from hereGo down this street until you see the tall red building Turn right / left at the first crossing / cornerYou can’t miss itYou can take the No.13 busYou’d better take a taxiSorry, I don’t know. I am a stranger.16.谈论天气(talking about weather)What’s the weather like todayHow’s the weather in BeijingWhat a cold dayIt’s a nice / fine dayIt’s sunny/cloudy/windy/rainy/snowy/foggyIt’s getting cool/ cold /warm/hot17.语言交际困难(language difficulties in communication) PardonI beg your pardonI don’t understandSorry, I can’t follow youCan you speak more slowlyHow do you say ….. in EnglishI don’t know how to say that in English How do you spell itI am sorry I only know a little English18.提醒注意(reminding and warning) Don’t forget your raincoat Remember to lock the doorMind your headNo smoking’No spittingWet floorLook outBe carefulDon’t touchIt’s dangerous19.劝告(advice)You’d better go to see the doctorYou should listen to and read English everyday You need to buy a Chinese-English dictionary Don’t rushPlease stand in line20.建议(suggestions)Let’s go and have a lookHow / what about a picnic this SundayWhy don’t you buy a computerWhy not go to a movie◆态度(attitudes)1.同意和不同意(agreement and disagreement) SureCertainlyOf courseAll rightI agreeNo problemThat’s a good iceaYes, I think soNo wayOf course notI don’t agreeI don’t think soI am afraid not\2.喜欢和不喜欢(likes and dislikes)This book is very interestingI like/ love the movieI like / love to play computer gamesI like taking photosI enjoy listening to musicI am interested in scienceHe is fond of musicThis song is bad / awfulI don’t like the movie at allI don’t enjoy collecting stampsI hate to do homework3.肯定和不肯定(certainty and uncertainty) I’m sureI am sure of thatI am not so sureMaybe you are rightPerhaps she is at homeIt’s hard to say4.可能和不可能(possibility and impossibility)He can / may come todayIt may snow tonightIt’s possible to finish the homework before 6He may not come so earlyHe can’t be in the office nowIt’s not likely to snow soonIt’s impossible to finish my homework within one hour5.能够和不能够(ability and inability)He can ride a bikeHe is able to pass the math examHe is good at footballHe can’t swimShe is not good at swimming6.偏爱和爱好(preference and hobbies)I prefer teaWhich do you prefer, tea or coffeeI like English betterMy favorite subject is physics7.意愿和打算(intentions and plans)I will go with youI am going to see my headteacher this afternoon I’d like to make a call to her after classI want to find an English pen palI plan to go to hangzhou this summerI won’t see the movie againI am not going to buy the bookI don’t want to live in the big city8.希望和愿望(hope and wish)I wish to see you again’I hope to become a doctorI hope it stays fineI hope soI hope not9.表扬和鼓励(praise and encouragement) Very goodWell doneWonderfulExcellentYou speak English very wellYour dress is beautifulCome onKeep tryingYou can do itThank youOk, I will try it again10.责备和抱怨(blame and complaint) Why didn’t you tell me the truth11.冷淡(indifference)I don’t careIt doesn’t matter to me◆情感(emotions)1.高兴(happiness)How wonderfulThat’s lovely / great/ wonderfulI am so happyIt’s well doneI am pleased to know that2.惊奇(surprise)ReallyIs that so？What a surpriseHow nice to youI am surprised3.忧虑(worries)What’s wrongWhat’s the matterAnything wrongWhat should we doAre you worried about your health4.安慰(reassurance)Don’t be afraidDon’t worryIt’s all rightIt’s be ok5.满意(satisfaction)That’s fineThat’s good enoughI am pleased with you spoken English6.遗憾(regret)I’m so sorryWhat a shameIt’s a great pityThat’s too bad7.同情(sympathy)I’m so sorryI’m sorry about your illnessI’m sorry to hear you are going away8.恐惧(fear)HelpI’m afraid of that dogI am frightened9.愤怒(anger)Damn◆时间(time)1.时刻(point of time)Excuse me, what’s the timeExcuse me, what time is itWhen did you come to chinaWhat time do you get up every dayIt’s half past fiveI came to china in 1998I get up at 62.时段(duration)How long have you been in this school How long does it take you to get to school When did you live in BeijingHow long have you been illI have been in this school for three years It takes me twenty minutes by bikeI lived in Beijing from 1996 to 1999I have been ill since last Monday night3.频度(frequency)How often do you go to moviesI go to the movie once a weekI often go to movies4.时序(sequence)What did you do nextFinally we found our way outIt rained even harder later on◆空间(space)1.位置(position)Where is the pictureIt’s on/at/above/in/under/beside/near/behind the table He sits at the back of the roomThe lab is in the centre of the school2.方向(direction)Which is the way to the station?Where is the train goingWhere are you goingGo down this street, and turn left/ right at the first crossing The train is going to XianThe train is going to the east/west/south/northI’m going to the railway stationI’m leaving for shanghai3.距离(distance)How far is your school from hereIt’s about 40 minutes by bikeIt’s about 6 kilometers away◆存在(existence)1.存在(existence)Is there a bird in the treeAre there any apples in the treeWhat’s that in the tree？Yes, there is/ areThere is a bird in the treeThere are many / a lot of birds in the tree2.不存在(non-existence)Is there an English book in the schoolbagAre there any English books in the schoolbagIsn’t there any water in the bottleNo, there isn’t/ aren’tThere isn’t an English book in itThere aren’t any English books in the schoolbags No, there is no water in the bottleThere is no more paper in it◆特征(features)1.形状(shapes)What does it look likeWhat is the shape of the cloudsIt looks like a camelIt’s round/ long/tall/shortIt’s a circle2.颜色(color)What color is itIt’s green/red/blue/yellow/black/white/orange/purple/ light brown/dark blue3.材料(material)What’s the table made ofWhat’s the red wine made fromIt’s made of woodIt’s made from grapesI bought a woolen sweater yesterday4.价格(price)How much is the dictionaryHow much is itHow much are theyIs it cheap/expensiveThe dictionary costs 100 yuanThe dictionary is expensive/ cheap 5.规格(size)What size is your sweaterWhat size shoes do you wearThe size of my sweater is XXLIt’s too big/small/long/short for me6.年龄(age)How old are youHow old is he /sheI am eighteenHe/ she is six years oldUncle wang is an old man◆计量(measurement)1.长度(length)How long is the bridgeIt’s 430 metres2.宽度(width)How wide is the river?It’s about 200 metres wide3.高度(height)How tall / high is the buildingIt’s 130 metres tall / high4.数量(number)How many students are there in your class How much water do you drink every dayThere are forty students in our classI drink five glasses of water every day.◆比较(comparison)1.同级比较(equal comparison)My ruler is as long as yoursI can run as fast as youThis book is not as interesting as that oneI can’t run so fast as you can2.差别比较(comparative and superlative)Lily is younger than KateThe red skirt is more expensive than the yellow one I run faster than JimMrs. Li walks more slowly than Mrs. WangJim is the tallest in his classTom is the best of all3.相似和差别(similarity and difference)This picture is the same as than one on the wall Lucy is like her motherTom looks like his fatherMy picture is different from yoursThere are five differences between the two pictures◆逻辑关系(logical relations)1.原因和结果(cause and effect)Why are you late for calssBecause I got up late2.目的(purpose)Why are you here todayI came here to see you off◆职业(occupation)1.工作(job)What do you doWhat’s your jobWhat are you going to beI am a teacher/ doctor2.单位(employer)Where do you workI am teaching English in a high school.。
鲁教版七年级上英语各单元重要概念总结
鲁教版七年级上英语各单元重要概念总结Unit 1: Greetings and Introductions- Greet someone: 使用 "Hello"、"Hi"、"Good morning/afternoon" 等问候语- Introduce yourself: 介绍自己的姓名、年龄、家庭成员等基本信息- Ask and answer simple questions: 使用 "What's your name?"、"How old are you?" 等简单问题进行交流Unit 2: Classroom Language- Basic classroom objects: 研究识别和使用教室内常见的物品，如 "desk"、"chair"、"blackboard" 等Unit 3: School Life- School subjects: 研究不同的学科名称，如"English"、"Math"、"Science" 等- Talk about school activities: 能够用英语谈论学校活动和常见的课外活动Unit 4: Daily Routines- Talk about daily routines: 描述日常生活中的活动，如 "get up"、"have breakfast"、"go to school" 等- Adverbs of frequency: 研究使用频率副词表达活动的频率，如"always"、"often"、"sometimes" 等Unit 5: Free Time Activities- Hobbies and interests: 能够用英语谈论自己的爱好和兴趣，如"playing basketball"、"reading books" 等- Express preferences: 表达自己的喜好和不喜欢，如 "I like"、"I don't like" 等Unit 6: Food and Drinks- Food and drink vocabulary: 研究食物和饮料的英语词汇，如"pizza"、"hamburger"、"orange juice" 等- Order food in a restaurant: 研究用英语在餐厅中点餐和询问服务人员问题Unit 7: Family and Friends- Family members: 研究家庭成员的称谓，如 "father"、"mother"、"brother" 等- Describe people: 能够用英语描述人们的外貌和性格特点Unit 8: Daily Life- Time expressions: 研究表示时间的表达方式，如 "at 7 o'clock"、"in the morning" 等- Talk about daily activities: 能够谈论日常活动和时间安排Unit 9: Countries and Nationalities- Countries and nationalities: 研究国家和国籍的名称，如"China"、"Chinese"、"America"、"American" 等- Ask and answer about nationality: 能够用英语询问和回答自己的国籍和他人的国籍Unit 10: My School Bag- School supplies: 研究学校用品的英语名称，如 "pencil"、"book"、"ruler" 等- Describe objects: 能够用英语描述物品的颜色、形状和大小以上为鲁教版七年级上英语各单元重要概念的总结。
功能意念大纲
Distinguishing characteristic
• is its attention to functions as the organizing elements of a foreign language curriculum.
• Structure syllabus focus on grammar, and tend to highlight a grammatical features to the exclusion of practical application in real situation.
• notional-functional syllabuses Situations are devised to illustrate （显示，说明）grammar, instead of grammar illustrating a function, keys the students artificially（人为地） into grammatical categories that may later impede（阻碍） the communicative process. (P247 para3)
• For example, the "notion" of shopping requires numerous language "functions," such as asking about prices or features of a product and bargaining.
Structural syllabus & notionalfunctional syllabuses
初中英语功能意念项目表学习资料
功能
提示
祝愿和祝贺 回答
Have a good day/ time Have a good journey/ trip. Good luck. Enjoy yourself. Best wish to you. Happy New Year. Merry christmas. Congratulations. Well done.
功能
提示
Would you like to go for a walk? May I invite you to dinner? What / how about having a swimming?
邀请
回答
1.OK.Thank you. Yes, I’d love to. That would be nice. 2.No, thank you. It’s very nice of you, but my mom is ill. I’d love to, but I have no time. I’m sorry I can’t .
功能
提示
Sorry. I’m sorry. Excuse me, please. I beg your pardon. I’m sorry (that ) I am late.
道歉
回答
That’s OK. It’s /That’s all right. Never mind. It doesn’t matter. It’s nothing. Forget it
功能
请示允许
提示
回答
May I come in? Can / Could I use your telephone? Would /do you mind if I open (my opening)the window?( 肯 ： No , please/ Go ahead , please 不 介 意，开吧。否：I’m sorry , it’s
功能意念项目
功能意念项目1．社会交往（1）问候早上好/中午/晚上。
你好吗（4种表达）？我很好，谢谢，你好吗？非常好，谢谢。
（2）介绍我的名字是……。
我是学生。
我来自英国。
这位是布朗先生/小姐。
我希望你去见……你是做什么的（2种表达）？你的职业是什么？我是教师/医生/农民/生意人/经理。
你在哪工作？我在农场/办公室/医院工作。
你到你非常高兴。
（3）告别再见（3种表达）。
晚安。
一会儿见/明天见。
非常抱歉，我现在得走了。
（4）感谢谢谢（非常感谢）。
非常感谢。
谢谢你的帮助。
你真好，但我能……不客气。
没关系。
非常感谢你的帮助/是我的荣幸。
（5）道歉对不起。
/我道歉。
没关系。
别介意。
别再提了，没关系。
（6）邀请你愿意一起散散步吗？游泳怎么样？是的，我愿意。
我很愿意，但恐怕……（7）请求允许我可以进来吗？我能用下电话吗？你介意我打开窗户吗？不介意，打开吧。
不介意（4种表达）。
恐怕不行。
最好别那么做。
（8）祝愿和祝贺玩得愉快/旅行愉快！祝贺你好运（2种表达）！玩得愉快！新年好！/你也是。
祝你生日快乐！祝贺你！（9）请求与提供帮助有什么能帮助你的吗？我能帮助你吗？/你能帮我一下吗？不，谢谢。
（10）约会明天有空吗？今天下午有空吗？我们什么时候（在哪儿）见面？4：30见面。
好的。
（11）打电话我能找……讲话吗？是……在讲话吗？谁在讲话？你好！我是……。
请等一会儿。
对不起，我听不清楚。
线路不通。
（12）就餐可以点菜了吗？你想吃什么？这是菜单。
你想吃/喝点什么？吃点鱼。
你想要什么样的果汁？味道非常好。
我付帐。
（13）就医你怎么了？你发烧了？你这种症状有多久了？一天吃三次这个药。
我头痛/咳嗽/发烧。
我脖子痛。
腿受伤了。
（14）购物能为你做点什么？我在寻找。
你喜欢什么颜色/尺码？我可以试穿吗？穿在你身上很好看。
你要多大尺码？S码。
好的，我买下了。
（15）问路打扰一下。
这是哪？你能告诉我去……怎么走吗？哪条路是去……？离这里大约400米。
两种初中英语教材功能意念项目对比分析
两种初中英语教材功能意念项目对比分析作者：王筱娜来源：《东方教育》2017年第16期摘要：随着经济的发展，英语在国际交往中发挥着日益重要的作用，它已经日益成为获取各种信息的重要工具。
注重义务教育阶段的英语英语课程不仅对国家有重要意义，对青少年的发展也具有重要意义。
作为课程的核心，教材的重要性不言而喻。
本文选取2012 版人教版初中英语教材和2012版沪教牛津版初中英语教材作为比较的对象，通过对文献资料进行检索，采取对比分析法对功能意象进行比较分析。
希望本文能够为教材的开发和利用提供一些思考和建议，使教材的编写更符合中学生外语的学习，以促进当前的初中英语教学的发展。
关键词：英语教育；英语教材；功能意象一、教材的定义教材的定义有广义和狭义之分。
广义的教材指课堂上和课堂外教师和学生使用的所有教学材料，比如课本、练习册、活动册、故事书等等。
同时，广义的教材不一定是装订成册或者正式出版的书本。
凡是有利于学习者增长知识或者发展技能的材料都可以称之为教材。
狭义的教材指教科书。
根据《英语课程标准》（2011版），英语教材是指英语教学中使用的教科书以及与之配套使用的练习册、活动册、读物、自学手册、录音带、录像带、挂物、卡片、教学实物等。
二、国内外英语教材的研究综述1.国外英语教材的研究综述十九世纪五六十年代，国外专家和学者已经开始了对教材的研究，然而对英语教材进行评价的工作则出现在一个世纪之后。
从当时英语教材评价对象来看，教学法和传统的语法-翻译法是主流，然后才发展到是对教学课程和教学材料的科学评价。
到了20世纪八、九十年代，国外对英语教材的评价研究获得了大量重视和关注，许多学者纷纷加入其中，同时也取得了丰硕的成果。
其中影响力较大，最为著名的学者有 Hutchinson & Waters、Grant、Sheldon、Jo Mc Donough Christopher和 Shaw 以及 Cunning sworth 等。
初中英语功能意念项目分解
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一级分类二级分类
介绍(Introduction)My name's
Gina.序号功能语句分类
Hi! Hello!1社会交往(social communications)
句子内容问候(Greetings)
6存在(Existence)
7特征(Features)
计量
(Measurement)
82态度(Attitudes)
空间(Space)
5情感(Emotions)
34时间(Time)
(Measurement)
比较(Comparison)
逻辑关系(Logical
relations)
109
属性说明
句子的用法(必填)句子翻译句子对应音频文件语调标注问句/答句/一般陈述(可多选)相对应的问句或答句(与前一项关联，前项为问句或答句，才有此项内容)相同表意功能下近义句型的辨析(选填)典型应用场景通常在什么场景下应用？(必填)说话人通常这句话由谁说出来，如营业员、顾客、介绍人、被介绍人等典型应用场景通常在什么场景下应用？(必填)说话人通常这句话由谁说出来，如营业员、顾客、介绍人、被介绍人等2、5、8级(必填)听力或书面训练题(至少1题，必填，包括题目、答案和解析，听力包括听力录音)此句具有的其他功能链接(选填)句子的用法(必填)句子翻译句子对应音频文件语调标注问句/答句/一般陈述(可多选)相对应的问句或答句(与前一项关联，前项为问句或答句，才有此项内容)相同表意功能下近义句型的辨析(选填)典型应用场景通常在什么场景下应用？(必填)说话人通常这句话由谁说出来，如营业员、顾客、介绍人、被介绍人等典型应用场景通常在什么场景下应用？(必填)说话人通常这句话由谁说出来，如营业员、顾客、介绍人、被介绍人等
场景应用1
课标级别
其他表意功能
训练
场景应用2
语调分析
会话范例句子类型
属性项表意功能
译文
读音
在某一场景下应用的对话(与上面场景对应，至少1段，必填，内容包括对话文字内容、译文、朗读的音频)对应语句
近似句型
会话范例在某一场景下应用的对话(与上面场景对应，至少1段，必填，内容包括对话文字内容、译文、朗读的音频)属性
表意功能
译文
在某一场景下应用的对话(与上面场景对应，至少1段，必填，内容包括对话文字内容、译文、朗读的音频)在某一场景下应用的对话(与上面场景对应，至少1段，必
填，内容包括对话文字内容、译文、朗读的音频)
近似句型
场景应用1
会话范例场景应用2会话范例读音
语调分析
句子类型
对应语句
2、5、8级(必填)听力或书面训练题(至少1题，必填，包括题目、答案和解析，听力包括听力录音)此句具有的其他功能链接(选填)
其他表意功能在某一场景下应用的对话(与上面场景对应，至少1段，必填，内容包括对话文字内容、译文、朗读的音频)2
会话范例
课标级别
训练
A: Hi, Sarah!
嗨，萨拉！（音频）A: Hi ↘, 'Sarah ↗!B: Hi, Mike!
嗨，迈克！（音频）B: Hi ↗, 'Mike ↘!
A: Hello, I'm Baobao!你好，我叫宝宝！（音频）A: Hello ↗, I'm 'Baobao B: Hi, I'm Feifei!嗨，我叫菲菲！（音频）B: Hi ↗, I'm 'Feifei ↘!填空：A: Hi! Lily!B: _____! Lucy!（音频）Hello 根据录音，答案为Hello 。
不过对于Hi 的回答，也可用Hi 。
A: Hi, My name's Gina.
嗨，我叫Gina。
（音频）
A: Hi ↘,.My name's Gina.↘B: Hi, Gina! I'm Tina.嗨，G ina ！我叫
Tina。
（音频）B: Hi ↘, Gina ↘! I'm Tina ↘.A: Hi, My name's
Gina.嗨，我叫Gina。
（音频）A: Hi ↘,.My name's Gina.
↘!学校Hi!↘
（音频）
问句+答句
共同就餐者（对话双方）
餐厅
Hi!或Hello!
Hi!与Hello! 都用于见面打招呼，多用于非正式场合，不严格的情况下，二者可以混用。
但Hello 较Hi 稍正式些，在较正式场合也有应用。
属性内容
（相当于hello ）嗨，你好。
见面的非正式问候，常与人名连用，可用于熟人之间，亦可用于陌生人间打招呼。
嗨！
同学（对话双方）
2级
(系统自动搜索关联)
（相当于I'm Gina.）我叫Gina 。
见面时的自我介绍用语。
我叫Gina。
（音频）
My name's Gina.↘
问句+答句
My name's Tina.
初次见面者（对话双方）
My name's Tina.!与I'm Gina. 都用于见面自我介绍，，二者可以混用。
餐厅，聚会，工作地，会议
初次见面者（对话双方）
初次见面时的各种场合
B: Hi, Gina! I'm Tina.嗨，Gina！我叫
Tina。
（音频）
B: Hi↘, Gina↘! I'm Tina
↘.
填空：A: Hi,
___Gina. B: Hi, Gina! ____ Tina.（音频）
My
name's,
I'm
根据录音，答案为 My
name's。
不过对于My
name's的回答，也可用
I'm 。
2级
(系统自动搜索关联)。