关于金融危机的英文词汇
次贷危机词汇
以下词汇都是从CNN新闻中一个一个挑出来的，每个词选择的依据都是按照出题的可能性。
次贷危机：subprime mortgage crisis (SMC)地产泡沫：real estate bubble -- 相关：泡沫经济：bubble economy经济衰退或萧条：economic recession/ economic declining / economic depression 经济复苏：economic recovery全球金融危机：Global financial crisis / financial turmoil / meltdown利率：interest rate可调整利率：adjustable rate固定利率：fixed rate汇率：exchange rate货币升值：appreciation货币贬值：depreciation货币发行：note issue货币流通：circulation抛售美国债：short-selling US treasury bonds外汇储备：foreign currency reserve 黄金储备：gold reserve顺差: favourable balance / surplus逆差: adverse balance / deficit房贷：home-loan 投机者：speculator 抛售房产：flip one's house信用危机：credit risk / 信用不足：poor credit不良贷款：non-performing loan / Bad loan救市资金：bailout （居2008美国热词排行榜首位）宏观经济：macroeconomic财政刺激：fiscal stimulus跨国公司：global corporation申请破产：file for bankruptcy收购：take over股市大跌：crash/nosedive/plummet裁员：ax jobs (大刀阔斧的砍) lay off / cut jobs / 口语委婉可以说I'm between jobs. 失业率：unemployment rate刺激消费：to stimulate consumption扩大内需：to expand domestic demands美联储：Federal Reserve贸易保护主义、贸易壁垒：trade protectionism; trade barrier牛饮drink like a fish牛脾气as stubborn as a mule吹牛talk horse食量大如牛to eat like a horse九牛一毛a drop in the bucket牛马不如的生活to lead a dog's life初生牛犊不怕虎Fools rush in where angels fear to tread.健壮如牛as strong as a horse如果遇到谚语“力大如牛”，英语中却没有as strong as a cow的说法。
关于金融危机的英文词汇
次贷危机相关词汇1、次级贷款Subprime mortgage crisis次贷危机也可以用Subprime crisis表示，也可以简略为Subprime, mortgage 是指抵押贷款，与mortgage 相对应的另一个词En-mortgage最近使用频率也很高，如Ex-mortgage broker是指推销抵押贷款的中间人。
2、可调整利率贷款项目Option ARMsARM是adjustable rate mortgage缩写，指可调整利率贷款，美国之所以出现次贷危机，就是由于Option ARMs过于“发达”，使得房地产泡沫越吹越大，最终造成不可避免的金融危机。
3、房地产泡沫real estate bubble房地产泡沫The Housing Bubble房地产泡沫破灭the housing bubble busting，经济衰退economic declining经济危机economic crisis市场疲软market weak注意foreclosure这个词，是指贷方lender没有能力给付月供，银行收回用于出售的房产。
4、信用危机credit risk道德风险Moral Hazard系统风险Systemic Risk信用保险Credit Insurance5、部分金融机构和政府部门中英文对照Lehman Brothers 雷曼兄弟公司Countrywide 美国国家金融服务公司Bear stearns 世界顶级投资银行贝尔斯登AIG 美国国际集团Fed 美国联邦储备委员会住房抵押贷款证券mortgage backed securities 证券和交易委员会Securities and Exchange Commission次贷危机Subprime mortgage crisis美国房地产泡沫US housing bubble流动性liquidity无法偿还房贷和丧失抵押赎回权home-loan defaults and foreclosures发放次贷的出贷方subprime lenders借贷打包证券和银行持有的投资组合loans packaged into securities and held in bank portfolios可调整的贷款利率adjustable-rate mortgages（ARM) 贷款欺诈fraudulent loans信用危机credit risk证券化securitization住房抵押贷款证券mortgage-backed securities（MBS) 抵押债务collateralized debt obligations（CDO) 机构投资者institutional investors杠杆操作leveraged manipulation贬值devaluation市值管理Market Capitalization Management Adjustable-rate Mortgage 可调利率抵押贷款Collateralized Debt Obligation 债务抵押债券Credit Crunch 信用危机Discount Rate and Discount Window贴现率和贴现窗口Equity 资产净值Fed Funds Rate 联邦基金利率Foreclosure 止赎权Investment Bank 投资银行Liquidity 流动性Monoline Insurance 单一险种保险Mora Hazard 道德风险Mortgage-backed Security 抵押担保证券Prepayment Penalty 提前还款罚金Rating Agencies 评级机构Reset 利率重设Risk Premium 风险溢价Securitization 证券化Structured Investment Vehicle 结构化投资工具Systemic Risk 系统风险Term Securities Lending Facility 定期证券借贷工具Transparency 透明度Speculation 投机collateral 抵押品Standard & Poor's 标准普尔Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac 房利美和房地美（两大联邦住宅贷款抵押公司）dot-com bubble 网络泡沫Securities and Exchange Commission证券和交易委员会其它金融词汇rating agency 评级机构credit trading 信用secondary listing 第二上市primary market 一级市场secondary market 二级市场financing 融资intermediary 中介机构capital market 资本市场monetary market 货币市场liquidity 流通性hedge fund 对冲基金real estate 房地产share 股票valuation 股价equity market 股市shareholder 股东macroeconomic 宏观经济take a nosedive （股市）大跌tumble 下跌bourse 证交所corporate champion 龙头企业pension fund 养老基金government bond 政府债券budget 预算deficit 赤字mongey-loser 亏损企业traded company,trading enterprise 上市公司transparency 透明度intellectual property 知识产权opportunistic practice 投机行为entrepreneur 企业家cook the book 做假帐money-market 短期资本市场capital-market 长期资本市场volatility 波动option 期权merger 并购arbitrage 套利bad debt 坏帐a store of value 保值forward exchange 期货交易pickup in rice 物价上涨inflation 通货膨胀deflation 通货紧缩tighter credit 紧缩信贷monetary policy 货币政策foreigh exchange 外汇quote 报价contract 合同domestic currency 本币floating rate 浮动利率venture capital 风险资本(VC)job machine 就业市场consolidation 兼并leverage 杠杆file for bankruptcy 申请破产bailout 救助take over 收购on the hook 被套住housing bubble房贷泡沫bubble economy泡沫经济underwriter 保险商valuation 股价government bond 政府债券saving account 储蓄帐户equity market 股市shareholder 股东delist 摘牌mongey-loser 亏损企业inventory 存货traded company,trading enterprise 上市公司stakeholder 利益相关者transparency 透明度market fundamentalist 市场经济基本规则damage-contral machinery 安全顾问efficient market 有效市场intellectual property 知识产权opportunistic practice 投机行为entrepreneur 企业家cook the book 做假帐regulatory system 监管体系portfolio 投资组合money-market 短期资本市场capital-market 长期资本市场volatility 波动diversification 多元化real estate 房地产option 期权call option 看涨期权put option 看跌期权merger 并购arbitrage 套利Securities and Exchange Commission 〈美〉证券交易委员会dollar standard 美元本位制budget 预算deficit 赤字bad debt 坏帐macroeconomic 宏观经济fiscal stimulus 财政刺激a store of value 保值transaction currency 结算货币forward exchange 期货交易intervention currency 干预货币Treasury bond 财政部公债current-account 经常项目pickup in rice 物价上涨Federal Reserve 美联储inflation 通货膨胀deflation 通货紧缩tighter credit 紧缩信贷monetary policy 货币政策foreigh exchange 外汇spot transaction 即期交易forward transaction 远期交易option forward transaction 择期交易swap transaction 调期交易quote 报价settlment and delivery 交割buying rate 买入价selling rate 卖出价spread 差幅contract 合同at par 平价premium 升水discount 贴水direct quoation method 直接报价法indirect quoation method 间接报价法dividend 股息domestic currency 本币floating rate 浮动利率parent company 母公司credit swap 互惠贷款venture capital 风险资本book value 帐面价值physical capital 实际资本IPO(initial public offering) 新股首发；首次公开发行job machine 就业市场welfare capitalism 福利资本主义collective market cap 市场资本总值golbal corporation 跨国公司transnational status 跨国优势transfer price 转让价格consolidation 兼并leverage 杠杆Federal Reserve 美联储financial turmoil/meltdown 金融危机file for bankruptcy 申请破产bailout 救助take over 收购buy out 购买(某人的)产权或全部货物go under 破产take a nosedive （股市）大跌tumble 下跌falter 摇摇欲坠on the hook 被套住shore up confidence 提振市场信心stave off 挡开, 避开,liquidate assets 资产清算at fire sale prices 超低价sell-off 证券的跌价。
常见金融词汇商务英语词汇
常见金融词汇商务英语词汇常见金融词汇商务英语词汇常见金融词汇11.financial turmoil/meltdown 金融危机2.Federal Reserve 美联储3.real estate 房地产4.share 股票5.valuation 股价6.shareholder 股东7.macroeconomic 宏观经济saving account 储蓄帐户8.go under 破产9.take a nosedive （股市）大跌10.tumble 下跌11.big macs,big/large-cap stock,mega-issue 大盘股12.offering,list 上市13.bourse 证交所Paris Bourse巴黎证券交易所Stock exchange (or market); securities house; Bourse 证券交易所bourse transaction tax有价证券交易税14.corporate champion 龙头企业15.Shanghai Exchange 上海证交所16.pension fund 养老基金17.mutual fund 共同基金18.hedge mutual fund 对冲式共同基金19.underwriter 保险商ernment bond 政府债券subscription to government bond 认购公债amortization of government bond 政府公债分期偿还fixed rate government bond 固定利率公债21.budget 预算常见金融词汇222.deficit 赤字23.delist 摘牌24.mongey-loser 亏损企业25.inventory 存货26.traded company,trading enterprise 上市公司state trading enterprise国营贸易企业27.stakeholder 利益相关者28.transparency 透明度29.market fundamentalist 市场经济基本规则30.damage-contral machinery 安全顾问31.efficient market 有效市场32.intellectual property 知识产权33.opportunistic practice 投机行为34.entrepreneur 企业家35.cook the book 做假帐36.regulatory system 监管体系37.portfolio 投资组合38.money-market 短期资本市场金融市场金融界39.capital-market 长期资本市场40.volatility 波动41.diversification 多元化多样化经营多样化42.option 期权43.call option 看涨期权购买选择权常见金融词汇344.put option 看跌期权45.merger 并购46.arbitrage 套利47.Securities and Exchange Commission 〈美〉证券交易委员会安全与交换佣金, SEC (简称), 美国管理营业和公共销售安全的部门48.dollar standard 美元本位制49.bad debt 坏帐50.fiscal stimulus 财政刺激51.a store of value 保值52.transaction currency 结算货币53.forward exchange 期货交易54.intervention currency 干预货币55.Treasury bond 财政部公债56.current-account 经常项目57.pickup in rice 物价上涨58.Federal Reserve 美联储59.inflation 通货膨胀60.deflation 通货紧缩61.tighter credit 紧缩信贷62.monetary policy 货币政策63.foreigh exchange 外汇64.spot transaction 即期交易现货交易65.forward transaction 远期交易常见金融词汇466.option forward transaction 择期交易67.swap transaction 调期交易互惠信贷交易68.quote 报价69.settlment and delivery 交割70.buying rate 买入价71.selling rate 卖出价selling rate卖价卖出汇价销售率卖出价72.spread 差幅73.contract 合同74.at par 平价,按票面价格75.premium 升水76.discount 贴水77.direct quoation method 直接报价法78.indirect quoation method 间接报价法79.dividend 股息80.domestic currency 本币、本国货币81.floating rate 浮动利率82.parent company 母公司、总公司83.credit swap 互惠贷款84.venture capital 风险资本85.book value 帐面价值86.physical capital 实际资本。
金融英语(术语)
金融英语(术语)inflation通货膨胀deflation通货紧缩tighter credit紧缩信贷monetary policy货币政策foreign exchange外汇spot transaction即期交易forward transaction远期交易option forward transaction择期交易swap transaction调期交易quote报价settlment and delivery交割Treasury bond财政部公债current-account经常项目pickup in rice物价上涨Federal Reserve美联储buying rate买入价selling rate卖出价spread差幅contract合同at par平价premium升水discount贴水direct quoation method直接报价法indirect quoation method间接报价法dividend股息domestic currency本币floating rate浮动利率parent company母公司credit swap互惠贷款venture capital风险资本book value帐面价值physical capital实际资本IPO(initial public offering)新股首发；首次公开发行job machine就业市场welfare capitalism福利资本主义collective market cap市场资本总值glolbal corporation跨国公司transnational status跨国优势transfer price转让价格consolidation兼并leverage杠杆financial turmoil/meltdown金融危机file for bankruptcy申请破产bailout救助take over收购buy out购买(某人的)产权或全部货物go under破产take a nosedive（股市）大跌tumble下跌falter摇摇欲坠on the hook被套住shore up confidence提振市场信心stave off挡开,避开,liquidate assets资产清算at fire sale prices超低价sell-off证券的跌价reserve储备note票据discount贴现circulate流通central bank中央银行the Federal Reserve System联邦储备系统credit union信用合作社paper currency纸币credit creation信用创造branch banking银行分行制unit banking单一银行制out of circulation退出流通capital stock股本at par以票面价值计electronic banking电子银行banking holding company公司银行the gold standard金本位the Federal Reserve Board联邦储备委员会the stock market crash股市风暴reserve ratio准备金比率division of labor劳动分工commodity money商品货币legal tender法定货币fiat money法定通货a medium of exchange交换媒介legal sanction法律制裁face value面值liquid assets流动资产illiquidl assets非流动资产the liquidity scale流动性指标real estate不动产checking accounts,demand deposit,checkable deposit活期存款time deposit定期存款negotiable order of withdrawal accounts大额可转让提款单money market mutual funds货币市场互助基金repurchase agreements回购协议certificate of deposits存单bond债券stock股票travelers'checks旅行支票small-denomination time deposits小额定期存款large-denomination time deposits大额定期存款bank overnight repurchase agreements银行隔夜回购协议bank long-term repurchase agreements银行长期回购协议thrift institutions存款机构financial institution金融机构commercial banks商业银行a means of payment支付手段a store of value储藏手段a standard of value价值标准deficit亏损roll展期wholesale批发default不履约auction拍卖collateralize担保markup价格的涨幅dealer交易员broker经纪人pension funds养老基金face amount面值commerical paper商业票据banker's acceptance银行承兑汇票Fed fund联邦基金eurodollar欧洲美元treasury bills国库券floating-rate浮动比率fixed-rate固定比率破产 insolvency有偿还债务能力的 solvent合同 contract汇率 exchange rate私营部门 private sector财政管理机构 fiscal authorities宽松的财政政策 slack fiscal policy税法 tax bill财政 public finance财政部 the Ministry of Finance平衡预算 balanced budget继承税 inheritance tax货币主义者 monetariest增值税 VAT (value added tax)收入 revenue总需求 aggregate demand货币化 monetization赤字 deficit经济不景气 recessiona period when the economy of a country is not successful, business conditions are bad, industrial production and trade are at a low level and there is a lot of unemployment经济好转 turnabout复苏 recovery成本推进型 cost push货币供应 money supply生产率 productivity劳动力 labor force实际工资 real wages成本推进式通货膨胀 cost-push inflation需求拉动式通货膨胀 demand-pull inflation双位数通货膨胀 double- digit inflation极度通货膨胀 hyperinflation长期通货膨胀 chronic inflation治理通货膨胀 to fight inflation最终目标 ultimate goal坏的影响 adverse effect担保 ensure贴现 discount萧条的 sluggish认购 subscribe to支票帐户 checking account货币控制工具 instruments of monetry control借据 IOUs(I owe you)本票 promissory notes货币总监 controller of the currency拖收系统 collection system支票清算或结算 check clearing资金划拨 transfer of funds可以相信的证明 credentials改革 fashion被缠住 entangled货币联盟 Monetary Union再购协议 repo精明的讨价还价交易 horse-trading欧元 euro公共债务 membership criteria汇率机制 REM储备货币 reserve currency劳动密集型 labor-intensive股票交易所 bourse竞争领先 frontrun牛市 bull market非凡的牛市 a raging bull规模经济 scale economcies买方出价与卖方要价之间的差价 bid-ask spreads 期货（股票） futures经济商行 brokerage firm回报率 rate of return股票 equities违约 default现金外流 cash drains经济人佣金 brokerage fee存款单 CD(certificate of deposit)营业额 turnover资本市场 capital market布雷顿森林体系 The Bretton Woods System经常帐户 current account套利者 arbitrager远期汇率 forward exchange rate即期汇率 spot rate实际利率 real interest rates货币政策工具 tools of monetary policy银行倒闭 bank failures跨国公司 MNC ( Multi-National Corporation) 商业银行 commercial bank商业票据 comercial paper利润 profit本票，期票 promissory notes监督 to monitor佣金（经济人） commission brokers套期保值 hedge有价证券平衡理论 portfolio balance theory 外汇储备 foreign exchange reserves固定汇率 fixed exchange rate浮动汇率 floating/flexible exchange rate 货币选择权（期货） currency option套利 arbitrage合约价 exercise price远期升水 forward premium多头买升 buying long空头卖跌 selling short按市价订购股票 market order股票经纪人 stockbroker国际货币基金 the IMF七国集团 the G-7监督 surveillance同业拆借市场 interbank market可兑换性 convertibility软通货 soft currency限制 restriction交易 transaction充分需求 adequate demand短期外债 short term external debt汇率机制 exchange rate regime直接标价 direct quotes资本流动性 mobility of capital赤字 deficit本国货币 domestic currency外汇交易市场 foreign exchange market国际储备 international reserve利率 interest rate资产 assets国际收支 balance of payments贸易差额 balance of trade繁荣 boom债券 bond资本 captial资本支出 captial expenditures商品 commodities商品交易所 commodity exchange期货合同 commodity futures contract普通股票 common stock联合大企业 conglomerate货币贬值 currency devaluation通货紧缩 deflation折旧 depreciation贴现率 discount rate归个人支配的收入 disposable personal income 从业人员 employed person汇率 exchange rate财政年度fiscal year自由企业 free enterprise国民生产总值 gross antional product库存 inventory劳动力人数 labor force债务 liabilities市场经济 market economy合并 merger货币收入 money income跨国公司 Multinational Corproation个人收入 personal income优先股票 preferred stock价格收益比率 price-earning ratio优惠贷款利率 prime rate利润 profit回报 return on investment使货币升值 revaluation薪水 salary季节性调整 seasonal adjustment关税 tariff失业人员 unemployed person效用 utility价值 value工资 wages工资价格螺旋上升 wage-price spiral收益 yield补偿贸易 compensatory trade, compensated deal 储蓄银行 saving banks欧洲联盟 the European Union单一的实体 a single entity抵押贷款 mortgage lending业主产权 owner's equity普通股 common stock无形资产 intangible assets收益表 income statement营业开支 operating expenses行政开支 administrative expenses现金收支一览表 statement of cash flow贸易中的存货 inventory收益 proceeds投资银行 investment bank机构投资者 institutional investor垄断兼并委员会 MMC招标发行 issue by tender定向发行 introduction代销 offer for sale直销 placing公开发行 public issue信贷额度 credit line国际债券 international bonds欧洲货币Eurocurrency利差 interest margin以所借的钱作抵押所获之贷款 leveraged loan权利股发行 rights issues净收入比例结合 net income gearing证券行业词汇share, equity, stock 股票、股权;bond, debenture, debts 债券;negotiable share 可流通股份;convertible bond 可转换债券;treasury/government bond 国库券/政府债券;corporate bond 企业债券;closed-end securities investment fund 封闭式证券投资基金; open-end securities investment fund 开放式证券投资基金; fund manager 基金经理/管理公司;fund custodian bank 基金托管银行;market capitalization 市值;p/e ratio 市盈率;(price/earning)mark-to-market 逐日盯市;payment versus delivery 银券交付;clearing and settlement 清算/结算;commodity/financial derivatives 商品/金融衍生产品;put / call option 看跌/看涨期权;margins, collateral 保证金;rights issue/offering 配股;bonus share 红股;dividend 红利/股息;ADR 美国存托凭证/存股证;(American Depository Receipt) GDR 全球存托凭证/存股证;(Global Depository Receipt) retail/private investor 个人投资者/散户;institutional investor 机构投资者;broker/dealer 券商;proprietary trading 自营;insider trading/dealing 内幕交易;market manipulation 市场操纵;prospectus 招股说明书;IPO 新股/初始公开发行;(Initial Public Offering) merger and acquisition 收购兼并。
考研英语二历年真题阅读与写作常见词汇及短语
（对于 mortal 解释就是用生死来做个约定，但当今社会是法治社会，不能用真正的生死来做
个约定，因此只能用生命中最有价值的东西来做约定，比如将房子抵押出去来换贷款）
mortal combat 殊死搏斗
cheap mortgage 低息抵押贷款
2. 表示萧条的单词：recession、recede、depression、depress（○1 使萧条○2 使沮丧）、slump
merse 合
merger 合并 acquisition 收购
↑
↑
merge
acquire 收获，得到 inquire 询问 require 要求
↓
emerge 涌现，浮现（合并以后出来的东西）
emerging countries 新兴国家
emergence 涌现；出现
emergency 紧急情况
acquire 收获，得到
deficit in trade 贸易逆差
surplus in trade 贸易顺差
balance of trade 贸易差额（balance 在这里译作为差额）
unfavorable balance 贸易逆差（不利的差额）
favorable balance 贸易顺差（有利的差额）
favorite 喜爱
gold rush 黄金热；淘金热
4. private enterprise 私企
private property 私人财产
private 私人的
↑
priv 私人的（priv 为词根）
deprive 剥夺（否定私人的）
↑ └←prive：私人的
否定
privilege 给特权；给优惠（v.）<2012 年英语二翻译>；特权，优惠（法律上授予私人的）
考研英语经济类词汇1
次贷危机相关词汇1、次级贷款Subprime mortgage crisis次贷危机也可以用Subprime crisis表示，也可以简略为Subprime, mortgage 是指抵押贷款，与mortgage相对应的另一个词En-mortgage最近使用频率也很高，如Ex-mortgage broker是指推销抵押贷款的中间人。
2、可调整利率贷款项目Option ARMsARM是adjustable rate mortgage缩写，指可调整利率贷款，美国之所以出现次贷危机，就是由于Option ARMs过于“发达”，使得房地产泡沫越吹越大，最终造成不可避免的金融危机。
3、房地产泡沫real estate bubble房地产泡沫The Housing Bubble房地产泡沫破灭the housing bubble busting，经济衰退economic declining经济危机economic crisis市场疲软market weak注意foreclosure这个词，是指贷方lender没有能力给付月供，银行收回用于出售的房产。
4、信用危机credit risk道德风险Moral Hazard系统风险Systemic Risk信用保险Credit Insurance5、部分金融机构和政府部门中英文对照Lehman Brothers 雷曼兄弟公司Countrywide 美国国家金融服务公司Bear stearns 世界顶级投资银行贝尔斯登AIG 美国国际集团Fed 美国联邦储备委员会住房抵押贷款证券mortgage backed securities证券和交易委员会Securities and Exchange Commission次贷危机Subprime mortgage crisis美国房地产泡沫US housing bubble流动性liquidity无法偿还房贷和丧失抵押赎回权home-loan defaults and foreclosures发放次贷的出贷方subprime lenders借贷打包证券和银行持有的投资组合loans packaged into securities and held in bank portfolios可调整的贷款利率adjustable-rate mortgages（ARM)贷款欺诈fraudulent loans信用危机credit risk证券化securitization住房抵押贷款证券mortgage-backed securities（MBS)抵押债务collateralized debt obligations（CDO)机构投资者institutional investors杠杆操作leveraged manipulation贬值devaluation市值管理Market Capitalization Management Adjustable-rate Mortgage 可调利率抵押贷款Collateralized Debt Obligation 债务抵押债券Credit Crunch 信用危机Discount Rate and Discount Window 贴现率和贴现窗口Equity 资产净值Fed Funds Rate 联邦基金利率Foreclosure 止赎权Investment Bank 投资银行Liquidity 流动性Monoline Insurance 单一险种保险Mora Hazard 道德风险Mortgage-backed Security 抵押担保证券Prepayment Penalty 提前还款罚金Rating Agencies 评级机构Reset 利率重设Risk Premium 风险溢价Securitization 证券化Structured Investment Vehicle 结构化投资工具Systemic Risk 系统风险Term Securities Lending Facility 定期证券借贷工具Transparency 透明度Speculation 投机collateral 抵押品Standard & Poor's 标准普尔Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac 房利美和房地美（两大联邦住宅贷款抵押公司）dot-com bubble 网络泡沫Securities and Exchange Commission证券和交易委员会其它金融词汇rating agency 评级机构credit trading 信用secondary listing 第二上市primary market 一级市场secondary market 二级市场financing 融资intermediary 中介机构capital market 资本市场monetary market 货币市场liquidity 流通性hedge fund 对冲基金real estate 房地产share 股票valuation 股价equity market 股市shareholder 股东macroeconomic 宏观经济take a nosedive （股市）大跌tumble 下跌bourse 证交所corporate champion 龙头企业pension fund 养老基金government bond 政府债券budget 预算deficit 赤字mongey-loser 亏损企业traded company,trading enterprise 上市公司transparency 透明度intellectual property 知识产权opportunistic practice 投机行为entrepreneur 企业家cook the book 做假帐money-market 短期资本市场capital-market 长期资本市场volatility 波动option 期权merger 并购arbitrage 套利bad debt 坏帐a store of value 保值forward exchange 期货交易pickup in rice 物价上涨inflation 通货膨胀deflation 通货紧缩tighter credit 紧缩信贷monetary policy 货币政策foreigh exchange 外汇quote 报价contract 合同domestic currency 本币floating rate 浮动利率venture capital 风险资本(VC) job machine 就业市场consolidation 兼并leverage 杠杆file for bankruptcy 申请破产bailout 救助take over 收购on the hook 被套住housing bubble房贷泡沫bubble economy泡沫经济underwriter 保险商valuation 股价government bond 政府债券saving account 储蓄帐户equity market 股市shareholder 股东delist 摘牌money-loser 亏损企业inventory 存货traded company, trading enterprise 上市公司stakeholder 利益相关者transparency 透明度market fundamentalist 市场经济基本规则damage-control machinery 安全顾问efficient market 有效市场intellectual property 知识产权opportunistic practice 投机行为entrepreneur 企业家cook the book 做假帐regulatory system 监管体系portfolio 投资组合money-market 短期资本市场capital-market 长期资本市场volatility 波动diversification 多元化real estate 房地产option 期权call option 看涨期权put option 看跌期权merger 并购arbitrage 套利Securities and Exchange Commission 〈美〉证券交易委员会dollar standard 美元本位制budget 预算deficit 赤字bad debt 坏帐macroeconomic 宏观经济fiscal stimulus 财政刺激a store of value 保值transaction currency 结算货币forward exchange 期货交易intervention currency 干预货币Treasury bond 财政部公债current-account 经常项目pickup in rice 物价上涨Federal Reserve 美联储inflation 通货膨胀deflation 通货紧缩tighter credit 紧缩信贷monetary policy 货币政策foreign exchange 外汇spot transaction 即期交易forward transaction 远期交易option forward transaction 择期交易swap transaction 调期交易quote 报价settlement and delivery 交割buying rate 买入价selling rate 卖出价spread 差幅contract 合同at par 平价premium 升水discount 贴水direct quotation method 直接报价法indirect quotation method 间接报价法dividend 股息domestic currency 本币floating rate 浮动利率parent company 母公司credit swap 互惠贷款venture capital 风险资本book value 帐面价值physical capital 实际资本IPO(initial public offering) 新股首发；首次公开发行job machine 就业市场welfare capitalism 福利资本主义collective market cap 市场资本总值global corporation 跨国公司transnational status 跨国优势transfer price 转让价格consolidation 兼并leverage 杠杆Federal Reserve 美联储financial turmoil/meltdown 金融危机file for bankruptcy 申请破产bailout 救助take over 收购buy out 购买(某人的)产权或全部货物go under 破产take a nosedive （股市）大跌tumble 下跌falter 摇摇欲坠on the hook 被套住shore up confidence 提振市场信心stave off 挡开, 避开,liquidate assets 资产清算at fire sale prices 超低价sell-off 证券的跌价07年on 指望，依靠play 公平竞争财务上安全的slip <美口>解雇通知书（源出解雇通知书多用红色复写本）effect 副作用做预算保护伞；降落伞挫折替补的，备份的off 解雇，使下岗平安地渡过（风雨、困难等），经受住破坏up 弥补market 股票市场波动（动词fluctuate）严酷的；刺耳的退休人员（结尾ee表示“处于某种情况下的人”或“受动者”）…for… 以…与…相交换return 投资回报立法的（保险、税收等的）扣减额剂（量）；数量人口分布against 对…不利可能性，机会；冲突伴随的，随之产生的；出席的；n.出席者，服务员角度；透视大批的，数量大的；批发的；n.批发（retail零售）负担过重的附带结果，余波；放射性坠尘06年突出地怀有敌意的（名词hostility）呈献；提出，提供<口>极好的；杰出的城镇居民；市民主要地off 靠…过日子，依靠…生活优秀的；值得的直率地，坦白地有趣地，怡人地；可口地具有讽刺意味的（名词irony——反语）one‘s share of 分担；分享一连串；川流不息（名词sightseeing观光）观光者（名词playgoing——看戏）（经常）看戏的人，戏迷主张；竞争，斗争委员会；理事会贡献补助，津贴鸡尾酒休息厅，休息室；闲逛装饰，装修so forth 等等a row 连续飞速上升；n.火箭<总称>顾客；委托人专注的，献身的牛仔裤；紧身工作裤office 票房，售票处04年one‘s nails 束手无策；咬指甲变软弱，变暖和，变软（动词soften）指标，尺度（动词indicate）without 免除，不用降低规模中产阶级趣味的（人）；文化教养一般的（人）商品特许经销商滞后调和，使缓和；脾气alarms 敲响警钟，发出警报恐慌，惊慌失措紧缩开支绝望rush 追逐暴利的热潮；淘金热占主导地位地，显著地额外给予的东西；奖金疯狂的，狂热的，极度激动的（名词frenzy）出价高于（某物的）价值；出价过高broker 房地产经纪人linings 一线希望（或安慰）泡沫，气泡摇摆成分，因素持续的03年合并使提高，加强垄断货物，运费可观的，大量的；实质的，真实的协调的体积，大量；块…by the throat 掐住…的脖子巩固，加强申诉，上诉；吸引被俘虏的relief 费用减免歧视；区别the grounds that 基于…理由同意，赞成；订购，订阅繁荣裁决人，决定者；仲裁人光明的急剧上升的02年衰退；下降oil 原油桶三倍引起惊慌的四倍and doom 厄运暂停，中止；悬，挂抓住半球暖和的，趋缓的；缄默的，无言的摇摆；秋千保护；保存能源密集型的新兴的（经济）（动词emerge浮现，显现，暴露）挤，压榨the background of 以…为背景Central bank 央行Banker 银行家governor 州长/省长/央行行长in/deflation 通货膨胀/紧缩interest rate 利率economist 经济学家（The Economist）index （复数indices）指数consumer price indices 消费者物价指数bubble 经济泡沫recession 经济衰退asset 财产in/tangible asset 无形/有形资产surge 快速上涨credibility 可信度intervention 干涉investment 投资背景知识：Federal Reserve联邦储备委员会（美国央行）Alan Greenspan 格林斯潘（美联储前主席）International Monetary Fund 国际货币基金组织International Financial Crisis 世界金融危机Stock market 股市(New York Stock Market) Share 股票Bonds 债券Real estate industry 房地产市场Globalization 全球化Treasury department 财政部Finance 金融financing 融资Foundation 基金Wall Street 美国华尔街（世界金融中心）NASDAQ 纳斯达克fiscal and monetary policies 财政和货币政策pro-active fiscal policies 积极财政政策expansionary monetary policies 扩张的货币政策tighten fiscal policy 紧缩财政政策Keynesian 凯恩斯(干预经济)Adam Smith 亚当斯密In/visible hand 看不见/看得见的手Planned/market economy 计划/市场经济reserve ratio 银行货币保证金率。
Economic Crisis,Financial Crisis,英文演讲,金融危机,大学演讲
• The economic crisis in 1929
1936年，在加利福尼亚的Nipomo， 一位 有七个孩子的母亲。
The American economic
• The American economic crisis is also called the subprime crisis(次贷危机). The relaxing regulations on the credit and the persistently increasing tendency in the real estate and stock resulted in the final collapse of economy. Thousands of people lost their jobs and the stores closed down in the Wall Street overnight.
Iceland
• Influenced by the 2008 economic crisis,Iceland was faced with bankruptcy.Earlier,Huge losses in the investment abroad resulted in Iceland's banking crisis,so the government resorted to the rescue plan which,however,deteriorated the financial system. • It has been days since Iceland's economic crisis,but Icelanders'nightmare has not finished yet.The premier has alledged that the economic crisis is likely to happen again in the near future.
金融危机的英语
金融危机的英语全文共四篇示例，供读者参考第一篇示例：The Financial CrisisThe financial crisis is a term used to describe a situation in which the financial system of a country or region experiences a severe downturn, resulting in a significant decrease in economic activity, widespread unemployment, and a decline in asset prices. Financial crises can have devastating effects on the economy and the lives of individuals and businesses.第二篇示例：金融危机是指由于金融系统内部或外部因素的影响，导致经济体系中金融市场的异常波动和金融机构的金融活动失控，从而引发经济大幅度下滑和金融市场的剧烈波动，给整个经济带来不可估量的损失和破坏。
金融危机通常表现为货币贬值、股市崩盘、银行倒闭、企业破产、失业人数激增等多重影响，对整个社会和国家的稳定和发展都会带来重大的冲击。
金融危机并非偶然事件，而是一系列复杂因素综合作用的结果。
在现代经济体系中，金融市场不仅扮演着融资、理财和风险管理等重要职能，同时也承担着金融稳定的责任。
由于金融市场的复杂性和不确定性，一旦受到外部冲击或内部失衡的影响，就有可能引发金融危机。
金融危机的发生原因多种多样，但主要可以归纳为以下几个方面：1. 经济周期性波动：经济体系存在周期性波动的规律，经济周期的繁荣和衰退会带动金融市场的波动，一旦市场出现过热和过冷现象，就可能引发金融危机。
2. 金融市场自身问题：金融市场的不规范、不透明和不规范行为是金融危机的诱因之一。
与金融的英语单词
与金融的英语单词与金融有关的英语单词金融是现代比较大的一个经济体,经常会左右世界的经济发展趋势。
下面,我们来看一些金融相关的英语单词吧。
1).economy n.经济If you want to be acquainted with the development of economy in China, you can read some books about economics 如果你想对中国的.经济发展有所了解，你可以读一些经济学方面的书籍。
2).macroeconomics n.宏观经济学l cant tell the difference between macroeconomics and microeconomics.我说不出宏观经济学和微观经济学之间的区别。
3).depression n.萧条期，经济衰退As far as l know, many people lost their jobs during the great depression据我所知，许多人在大萧条时期丢了工作。
4).stagnant adj.停滞的，萧条的He complained that his business was stagnant at present他抱怨说目前生意不景气。
5).revitalize v.使恢复生机Anyway we should take measures to revitalize industry不管怎样我们都应该采取措施振兴工业。
6).prosper v.繁荣，兴旺After he got married, his family began to prosper结婚后，他的家开始兴旺发达起来。
7).finance n.资金，金融An expert in finance will tell you how to manage your money 财务专家会告诉你如何理财8).capital n.资金，资本In order fo collect enough capital to build a factory. he turned to his uncle for help为了筹集到足够的资金建工厂，他向他叔叔求助。
经济危机英语词汇
经济危机英语词汇常见金融英语词汇一览financial turmoil/meltdown 金融危机Federal Reserve 美联储real estate 房地产share 股票valuation 股价equity market 股市shareholder 股东macroeconomic 宏观经济saving account 储蓄帐户go under 破产take a nosedive （股市）大跌tumble 下跌big macs,big/large-cap stock,mega-issue 大盘股offering,list 上市bourse 证交所corporate champion 龙头企业Shanghai Exchange 上海证交所pension fund 养老基金mutual fund 共同基金hedge mutual fund 对冲式共同基金underwriter 保险商government bond 政府债券budget 预算deficit 赤字delist 摘牌mongey-loser 亏损企业inventory 存货traded company,trading enterprise 上市公司stakeholder 利益相关者transparency 透明度market fundamentalist 市场经济基本规则damage-contral machinery 安全顾问efficient market 有效市场intellectual property 知识产权opportunistic practice 投机行为entrepreneur 企业家cook the book 做假帐regulatory system 监管体系portfolio 投资组合money-market 短期资本市场capital-market 长期资本市场volatility 波动diversification 多元化option 期权call option 看涨期权put option 看跌期权merger 并购arbitrage 套利Securities and Exchange Commission 〈美〉证券交易委员会dollar standard 美元本位制bad debt 坏帐fiscal stimulus 财政刺激a store of value 保值transaction currency 结算货币forward exchange 期货交易intervention currency 干预货币Treasury bond 财政部公债current-account 经常项目pickup in rice 物价上涨Federal Reserve 美联储inflation 通货膨胀deflation 通货紧缩tighter credit 紧缩信贷monetary policy 货币政策foreigh exchange 外汇spot transaction 即期交易forward transaction 远期交易option forward transaction 择期交易swap transaction 调期交易quote 报价settlment and delivery 交割buying rate 买入价selling rate 卖出价spread 差幅contract 合同at par 平价premium 升水discount 贴水direct quoation method 直接报价法indirect quoation method 间接报价法dividend 股息domestic currency 本币floating rate 浮动利率parent company 母公司credit swap 互惠贷款venture capital 风险资本book value 帐面价值physical capital 实际资本IPO(initial public offering) 新股首发；首次公开发行job machine 就业市场welfare capitalism 福利资本主义collective market cap 市场资本总值golbal corporation 跨国公司transnational status 跨国优势transfer price 转让价格consolidation 兼并leverage 杠杆file for bankruptcy 申请破产bailout 救助take over 收购buy out 购买(某人的)产权或全部货物falter 摇摇欲坠on the hook 被套住shore up confidence 提振市场信心stave off 挡开, 避开,liquidate assets 资产清算at fire sale prices 超低价sell-off 证券的跌价"credit crunch" 指当前由美国引起的金融危机financial crisis 金融危机a hedge against inflation 防止通货膨胀的措施a pruent monetary 稳健的货币政策accounting scandal 财务丑闻active balance 顺差passive balance 逆差allocation of financial resources 金融资源配置bad loans 不良贷款boom (n. v)经济突然膨胀capital flow 资产流动deficit spending赤字开支deflation通货紧缩depression 萧条经济不景气financial fraud 金融诈骗global financial market 全球金融市场financial deficit 金融赤字。
商务英语句 金融危机 Financial
商务英语经典句金融危机 FinancialThe performance of banking stocks tells one most of whatone needs to know about the financial crisis.银行股的表现最能说明金融危机的状况。
In the US, the epicentre of the distress, banks had losthalf of their market value between a year ago and the endof last week, relative to the S&P posite index.在危机的“震中”美国，截止上上个周末，标准普尔综合指数中的银行股市值较一年前缩水一半。
Spreads between rates of interest on inter-bank lending in dollars, euros and sterling and expected official ratesover three and six months are now wider than they were in March. 3月及6月期银行间美元、欧元及英镑拆借利率与预期官方利率之差较3月份时扩大。
The two government-sponsored enterprises have beenfinancing about three-quarters of all US mortgages. 这两家政府支持的企业，为美国约四分之三的按揭贷款提供融资。
While an important part of the world economy is worrying about the risks of financial collapse and ensuing deflation, the price of oil, the world's most important modity, has doubled over the past year.就在全球经济的一个重要组成局部正担忧金融崩溃以及随之而来的通缩风险之际，世界上最重要的大宗商品石油的价格在过去一年翻了一番。
实用金融英语词汇
实用金融英语词汇宏不雅经济的macroeconomic通货膨胀inflation破产insolvency有了偿债务才能的solvent合同contract汇率exchange rate紧缩信贷tighten credit creation私营部分private sector财务治理机构fiscal authorities宽松的财务政策slack fiscal policy税法tax bill财务public finance财务部the Ministry of Finance均衡预算balanced budget连续税inheritance tax泉币主义者monetariest增值税VAT (value added tax)收入revenue总需求aggregate demand泉币化monetization赤字deficit经济不景气recessiona period when the economy of a country is notsuccessful, business conditions are bad, industrial production and trade are at a low level and thereis a lot of unemployment经济好转turnabout清醒recovery成本推动型cost push泉币供给money supply临盆率productivity劳动力labor force实际工资real wages成本推动式通货膨胀cost-push inflation需求拉动式通货膨胀demand-pull inflation双位数通货膨胀double- digit inflation极端通货膨胀hyperinflation经久通货膨胀chronic inflation治理通货膨胀to fight inflation最终目标ultimate goal坏的阻碍adverse effect担保ensure贴现discount萧条的sluggish认购subscribe to支票帐户checking account泉币操纵对象instruments of monetry control借据IOUs(I owe you)本票promissory notes泉币总监controller of the currency拖收体系collection system支票清理或结算check clearing资金划拨transfer of funds能够信任的证实credentials改革fashion被缠住entangled泉币联盟Monetary Union再购协定repo精明的讨价还价交易horse-trading欧元euro公共债务membership criteria汇率机制REM贮备泉币reserve currency劳动密集型labor-intensive股票交易所bourse竞争领先frontrun牛市bull market不凡的牛市 a raging bull范畴经济scale economcies买方出价与卖方要价之间的差价bid-ask spreads 期货（股票）futures经济商行brokerage firm回报率rate of return股票equities违约default现金外流cash drains经济人佣金brokerage fee存款单CD(certificate of deposit)营业额turnover本钱市场capital market布雷顿丛林体系The Bretton Woods System经常帐户current account套利者arbitrager远期汇率forward exchange rate即期汇率spot rate实际利率real interest rates泉币政策对象tools of monetary policy银行倒闭bank failures跨国公司MNC ( Multi-National Corporation) 贸易银行commercial bank贸易单子comercial paper利润profit本票，期票promissory notes监督to monitor佣金（经济人）commission brokers套期保值hedge有价证券均衡理论portfolio balance theory 外汇贮备foreign exchange reserves固定汇率fixed exchange rate浮动汇率floating/flexible exchange rate泉币选择权（期货）currency option套利arbitrage合约价exercise price远期升水forward premium多头买升buying long空头卖跌selling short按市价订购股票market order股票经纪人stockbroker国际泉币基金the IMF七国集团the G-7监督surveillance同业拆借市场interbank market可兑换性convertibility软通货soft currency限制restriction交易transaction充分需求adequate demand短期外债short term external debt汇率机制exchange rate regime直截了当标价direct quotes本钱流淌性mobility of capital赤字deficit本国泉币domestic currency外汇交易市场foreign exchange market国际贮备international reserve利率interest rate资产assets国际进出balance of payments贸易差额balance of trade繁华boom债券bond本钱captial本钱支出captial expenditures商品commodities商品交易所commodity exchange期货合同commodity futures contract通俗股票common stock结合大年夜企业conglomerate泉币贬值currency devaluation通货紧缩deflation折旧depreciation贴现率discount rate归小我安排的收入disposable personal income从业人员employed person汇率exchange rate财务年度fiscal year自由企业free enterprise公平易近临盆总值gross antional product库存inventory劳动力人数labor force债务liabilities市场经济market economy归并merger泉币收入money income跨国公司Multinational Corproation小我收入personal income优先股票preferred stock价格收益比率price-earning ratio优待贷款利率prime rate利润profit回报return on investment使泉币升值revaluation薪水salary季候性调剂seasonal adjustment关税tariff掉业人员unemployed person效用utility价值value工资wages工资价格螺旋上升wage-price spiral收益yield补偿贸易compensatory trade, compensated deal 储蓄银行saving banks欧洲联盟the European Union单一的实体 a single entity典质贷款mortgage lending业主产权owner's equity通俗股common stock无形资产intangible assets收益表income statement营业开支operating expenses行政开支administrative expenses现金进出一览表statement of cash flow贸易中的存货inventory收益proceeds投资银行investment bank机构投资者institutional investor垄断兼并委员会MMC招标发行issue by tender定向发行introduction代销offer for sale直销placing公布发行public issue信贷额度credit line国际债券international bonds欧洲泉币Eurocurrency利差interest margin以所借的钱作典质所获之贷款leveraged loan 权力股发行rights issues净收入比例结合net income gearing。
the global economic crisis
The global economic crisis1.cause:一．房地产市场的崩盘。
随着经济的迅速发展，当经济增长到一定的阶段，国际收支会出现不平衡。
为了保持增速，很多国家就会通过靠外债来维持经济增长。
从微观来看，有强烈出口愿望的企业就会通过利用信贷杠杆加速企业扩张。
这些行为就会引起房地产价格的上升。
房地产价格上升到一定程度，就会出现泡沫现象。
在不动产资本很难估价的情况下，贷款者通过自己被高估的资产价值能获得更大数额的抵押贷款，进一步提高了房价。
同时，新增写字楼数量，房地产市场新的供给和空置率的上升使泡沫不断扩大，然后转变为货币和信贷危机，最后引发了经济危机。
总的来说，经济崩溃的一部分原因可以归结于过时的银行业制度以及不成熟的房地产市场共同的作用。
二.1.虚拟经济引起的经济泡沫破裂是金融危机的主要原因.导火线是次贷危机.实际次贷债券只有6000亿美元,引发了这么大的金融危机,全是由于跟风即人们的心理预期造成的.羊群效应，它是指市场上存在那些没有形成自己的预期或没有获得一手信息的投资者，他们将根据其他投资者的行为来改变自己的行为。
理论上羊群效应会加剧市场波动，并成为领头羊行为能否成功的关键。
在下述案例中烧饼就是领头羊.在现实经济中,次贷房贷是领头羊2.从次贷危机到金融危机,这里原创一个案例: 两个人卖烧饼,每人一天卖20个(因为整个烧饼需求量只有40个),一元价一个,每天产值40元.后来两人商量,相互买卖100个(A向B购买100个,B向A购买100个),用记账形式,价格不变,交易量每天就变成240元--虚拟经济产生了如果相互买卖的烧饼价为5元,则交易量每天1040元,这时候,A和B将市场烧饼上涨到2元,有些人听说烧饼在卖5元钱1个,看到市场烧饼只有2元时,赶快购买.--泡沫经济产生烧饼一下子做不出来,就购买远期饼.A和B一方面增加做烧饼(每天达100个或更多),另一方面卖远期烧饼,还做起了发行烧饼债券的交易,购买者一是用现金购买,还用抵押贷款购买.---融资,金融介入有些人想购买,既没有现金,又没有抵押品,A和B就发放次级烧饼债券.并向保险机构购买了保险.---次级债券为次贷危机播下种子某一天,发现购买来的烧饼吃也吃不掉,存放既要地方,又要发霉,就赶快抛售掉,哪怕价格低一些.--泡沫破裂金融危机就这样爆发了. 烧饼店裁员了(只要每天40个烧饼就可以了)--失业；烧饼债券变废纸了--次贷危机抵押贷款(抵押品不值钱)收不回,贷款银行流动性危机,保险公司面临破产等。
金融英语常见词汇（2）
金融英语常见词汇(2)equity portfolio 股票资产.establishing bank 开证银行ethics risks 道德风险.Euro-bank 欧洲银行Eurocard 欧洲系统卡.European terms 欧洲标价法evaluation of property 房产估价. evasion of foreign currency 逃汇exception clause 免责条款.excess insurance 超额保险.exchange adjustment 汇率调整exchange alteration 更改汇率exchange arbitrage 外汇套利exchange bank 外汇银行exchange broker 外汇经纪人exchange brokerage 外汇经纪人佣金exchange business 外汇业务exchange clearing agreement 外汇结算协定exchange clearing system 汇结算制exchange competition 外汇竞争exchange contract 外汇成交单exchange control 外汇管制exchange convertibility 外汇兑换exchange customs 交易所惯例exchange depreciation 外汇下降exchange dumping 汇率倾销exchange dumping 汇率倾销. exchange fluctuations 汇价变动exchange for forward delivery 远期外汇业务exchange for spot delivery 即期外汇业务exchange freedom 外汇自由兑换exchange loss 汇率损失exchange parity 外汇平价exchange position 外汇头寸exchange position 外汇头寸;外汇动态. exchange premium 外汇升水exchange profit 外汇利润exchange proviso clause 外汇保值条款exchange quota system 外汇配额制exchange rate 汇价exchange rate fluctuations 外汇汇价的波动exchange rate parity 外汇兑换的固定汇率exchange rate risks 外汇汇率风险. exchange reserves 外汇储备exchange restrictions 外汇限制exchange risk 外汇风险exchange risk 兑换风险.exchange settlement 结汇exchange speculation 外汇投机exchange stability 汇率稳定exchange surrender certificate 外汇移转证exchange transactions 外汇交易exchange value 外汇价值exchange war 外汇战excise 货物税,消费税.exercise date 执行日exercise price, striking price 履约价格,认购价格. expenditure tax 支出税.expenditure tax regime 支出税税制. expenses incurred in the purchase 购买物业开支. expiration date 到期日export and import bank 进出口银行export gold point 黄金输出点exposure 风险.external account 对外帐户extraneous risks 附加险.extrinsic value 外在价值.face value 面值facultative insurance 临时保险.fair and reasonable 公平合理far future risks 长远期风险.farm subsidies 农产品补贴farmland occupancy tax 耕地占用税. favourable exchange 顺汇fax base 税基.feast tax 筵席税.feathered assets 掺水资产.fee 不动产.fee interest 不动产产权.fictions payee 虚构抬头人.fictitious assets 虚拟资产.fictitious capital 虚拟资本.fiduciary a. 信托的,信用的,受信托的(人) fiduciary field 信用领域,信托领域finance broker 金融经纪人.financial advising services 金融咨询服务financial arrangement 筹资安排.financial crisis 金融危机financial crisis 金融危机financial crisis 金融危机financial forward contract 金融远期合约. financial futures 金融期货.financial futures contract 金融期货合约. financial insolvency 无力支付.financial institutions' deposit 同业存款financial lease 金融租赁.financial leases 金融租赁.financial risk 金融风险.financial statement analysis 财务报表分析. financial system 金融体系financial system 金融体系financial system 金融体系financial transaction 金融业务financial transaction 金融业务financial transaction 金融业务financial unrest 金融动荡financial unrest 金融动荡financial unrest 金融动荡financial world 金融界financial world 金融界financial world 金融界first mortgage 第一抵押权.fiscal and monetary policy 财政金融政策fiscal and monetary policy 财政金融政策fiscal and monetary policy 财政金融政策fixed assets 固定资产.fixed assets ratio 固定资产比率fixed assets ratio 固定资产比率fixed assets ratio 固定资产比率fixed assets ration 固定资产比率.fixed assets turnover ratio 固定资产周转率fixed assets turnover ratio 固定资产周转率fixed assets turnover ratio 固定资产周转率fixed capital 固定资本.fixed costs 固定成本.fixed deposit (=time deposit) 定期存款fixed deposit by installment 零存整取fixed exchange rate 固定汇率fixed par of exchange 法定汇兑平价fixed savings withdrawal 定期储蓄提款fixed-rate leases 固定利率租赁.flexibility and mobility 灵活性与机动性flexibility of exchange rates 汇率伸缩性flexible exchange rate 浮动汇率floating exchange rate 浮动汇率floating policy 流动保险单.floating-rate leases 浮动利率租赁.floor 带利率下限的期权.floor broker 场内经纪人.fluctuations in prices 汇率波动foregift 权利金.foreign banks 外国银行foreign correspondent 国外代理银行foreign currency futures 外汇期货.foreign enterprises income tax 外国企业所得税. foreign exchange certificate 外汇兑换券foreign exchange crisis 外汇危机foreign exchange cushion 外汇缓冲foreign exchange dumping 外汇倾销.foreign exchange earnings 外汇收入foreign exchange liabilities 外汇负债foreign exchange loans 外汇贷款foreign exchange parity 外汇平价foreign exchange quotations 外汇行情foreign exchange regulations 外汇条例foreign exchange reserves 外汇储备foreign exchange restrictions 外汇限制foreign exchange retaining system 外汇留存制foreign exchange risk 外汇风险.foreign exchange risk 外汇风险.foreign exchange services 外汇业务foreign exchange transaction centre 外汇交易中心forward exchange 期货外汇forward exchange intervention 期货外汇干预forward exchange sold 卖出期货外汇forward foreign exchange 远期外汇汇率forward operation 远期(经营)业务forward swap 远期掉期.fraternal insurance 互助保险.free depreciation 自由折旧.free foreign exchange 自由外汇freight tax 运费税.fringe bank 边缘银行full insurance 定额保险.full payout leases 充分偿付租赁.full progressive income tax 全额累进所得税. fund 资金,基金fund account 基金帐户fund allocation 基金分配fund appropriation 基金拨款fund balance 基金结存款fund demand 资金需求.fund for relief 救济基金fund for special use 专用基金fund in trust 信托基金fund liability 基金负债fund obligation 基金负担fund raising 基金筹措fundamental insurance 基本险.funds statement 资金表futures commission merchants 期货经纪公司. futures contract 期货合约.futures delivery 期货交割.futures margin 期货保证金.futures market 期货市场.futures price 期货价格.futures transaction 期货交易.FX futures contract 外汇期货合约. galloping inflation 恶性通货膨胀galloping inflation 恶性通货膨胀galloping inflation 恶性通货膨胀gap 跳空general endorsement 不记名背书.general fund 普通基金general mortgage 一般抵押.Giro bank 汇划银行given rate 已知汇率go long 买进,多头.go short 短缺;卖空,空头.going away 分批买进going rate 现行汇率Gold Ear Credit Card 金穗卡.government revenue 政府收入.graduated reserve requirement 分级法定准备金graduated reserve requirement 分级法定准备金graduated reserve requirement 分级法定准备金Great Wall card 长城卡.gross cash flow 现金总流量guarantee of payment 付款保证.guaranteed fund 保证准备金guaranteed fund 保证准备金guaranteed fund 保证准备金hammering the market 打压市场handling charge 手续费.harmony of fiscal and monetary policies 财政政策和金融政策的协调harmony of fiscal and monetary policies 财政政策和金融政策的协调harmony of fiscal and monetary policies 财政政策和金融政策的协调hedge 套头交易hedge against inflation 为防通货膨胀而套购hedge buying 买进保值期货hedge fund 套利基金hedging mechanism 规避机制.hedging risk 套期保值风险hire purchase 租购.hit the bid 拍板成交hoarded money 储存的货币holding the market 托盘horizontal price movement 横盘hot issue 抢手证券hot money deposits 游资存款hot stock 抢手股票house property tax 房产税. hypothecation 抵押idle capital 闲置资本idle cash (money) 闲散现金,游资idle demand deposits 闲置的活期存款immobilized capital 固定化的资产. immovable property 不动产.import regulation tax 进口调节税. imposition 征税;税;税款.imprest bank account 定额银行存款专户in force (法律上)有效的.in the tank 跳水inactive market 不活跃市场income in kind 实物所得.income tax liabilities 所得税责任,所得税债务. income taxes 所得税.indemnity 赔偿,补偿.indirect arbitrage 间接套汇indirect finance 间接金融.indirect hedging 间接套做.indirect leases 间接租赁(即:杠杆租赁). indirect rate 间接汇率indirect taxation 间接税.individual income regulation tax 个人调节税.individual income tax 个人所得税.individual savings 私人储蓄Industrial and Commercial Bank of China 中国工商银行industrial financing 工业融资.industrial-commercial consolidated tax 工商统一税. industrial-commercial income tax 工商所得税. industrial-commercial tax 工商税.inflation 通货膨胀inflation 通货膨胀inflation 通货膨胀inflation rate 通货膨胀率inflation rate 通货膨胀率inflation rate 通货膨胀率inflationary spiral 螺旋式上升的通货膨胀inflationary spiral 螺旋式上升的通货膨胀inflationary spiral 螺旋式上升的通货膨胀inflationary trends 通货膨胀趋势inflationary trends 通货膨胀趋势inflationary trends 通货膨胀趋势infrastructure bank 基本建设投资银行initial margin 初始保证金.initial margin 期初保证权.initial margins 初始保证金.initial reserve 初期准备金initial reserve 初期准备金initial reserve 初期准备金insider 内幕人installment savings 零存整取储蓄institution 机构投资者insurance appraiser 保险损失评价人.insurance broker 保险经纪人.insurance contract 保险契约,保险合同. insurance saleman 保险外勤.insurance services 保险业务insure against fire 保火险.insured 被保险人.interbank market 银行同业市场inter-business credit 同行放帐.interest on deposit 存款利息interest per annum 年息interest per month 月息interest rate futures contract 利率期货合约. interest rate policy 利率政策interest rate policy 利率政策interest rate policy 利率政策interest rate position 利率头寸.interest rate risk 利率风险.interest restriction 利息限制interest subsidy 利息补贴interest-rate risk 利息率风险.interim finance 中间金融.intermediary bank 中间银行intermediate account 中间帐户internal reserves 内部准备金internal reserves 内部准备金internal reserves 内部准备金international banking services 国际银行业务International Investment Bank (IIB) 国际投资银行international leasing 国际租赁.in-the-money 有内在价值的期权.intraday 日内intrinsic utility 内在效用.intrinsic value 实际价值,内部价值.inward documentary bill for collection 进口跟单汇票,进口押汇(汇票)isolation of risk 风险隔离.issue bank 发行银行JCB card JCB卡.joint financing 共同贷款.key risk 关键风险.kill a bet 终止赌博.land use tax 土地使用税.large deposit 大额存款large leases 大型租赁.latent inflation 潜在的通货膨胀latent inflation 潜在的通货膨胀latent inflation 潜在的通货膨胀lease agreement 租约.lease and release 租借和停租.lease broker 租赁经纪人.lease financing 租赁筹租.lease immovable 租借的不动产.lease in perpetuity 永租权.lease insurance 租赁保险.lease interest insurance 租赁权益保险.lease land 租赁土地.lease mortgage 租借抵押.lease out 租出.lease property 租赁财产.lease purchase 租借购买.lease rental 租赁费.lease territory 租借地. leaseback 回租.leasebroker 租赁经纪人.leased immovable 租借的不动产. leasehold 租赁土地.leasehold 租借期,租赁营业,租赁权. leasehold property 租赁财产. leasehold property 租赁财产. leaseholder 租赁人. leaseholder 承租人,租借人. leases agent 租赁代理.leases arrangement 租赁安排. leases company 租赁公司. leases structure 租赁结构. leasing 出租.leasing agreement 租赁协议. leasing amount 租赁金额. leasing asset 出租财产,租赁财产. leasing clauses 租赁条款. leasing consultant 租赁顾问. leasing contract 租赁合同. leasing cost 租赁成本.leasing country 承租国. leasing division 租赁部. leasing equipment 租赁设备. leasing industry 租赁业. leasing industry (trade) 租赁业. leasing money 租赁资金. leasing period 租赁期.leasing regulations 租赁条例.legal interest 法定利息legal tender 法定货币legal tender 本位货币,法定货币lessee 承租人,租户.lessor 出租人.letter of confirmation 确认书.letter transfer 信汇leveraged leases 杠杆租赁.lien 扣押权,抵押权.life insurance 人寿保险.life of assets 资产寿命.limit order 限价指令limited floating rate 有限浮动汇率line of business 行业,营业范围,经营种类. liquidation 清仓liquidity 流动性liquidity of bank 银行资产流动性liquidity of bank 银行资产流动性liquidity of bank 银行资产流动性listed stock 上市股票livestock transaction tax 牲畜交易税. loan account 贷款帐户loan amount 贷款额.loan at call 拆放.loan bank 放款银行loan volume 贷款额.loan-deposit ratio 存放款比率loan-deposit ratio 存放款比率loan-deposit ratio 存放款比率loans to financial institutions 金融机构贷款loans to government 政府贷款local bank 地方银行local income tax (local surtax) 地方所得税. local surtax 地方附加税.local tax 地方税.long arbitrage 多头套利.long position 多头头寸long position 多头寸;买进的期货合同.long-term certificate of deposit 长期存款单long-term credit bank 长期信用银行long-term finance 长期资金融通.loss leader 特价商品,亏损大项loss of profits insurance 收益损失保险.loss on exchange 汇兑损失low-currency dumping 低汇倾销low-currency dumping 低汇倾销.M/T (= Mail Transfer) 信汇main bank 主要银行maintenance margin 最低保证金,维持保证金. major market index 主要市场指数management risk 管理风险.managing bank of a syndicate 财团的经理银行manipulation 操纵margin 保证金margin call 保证金通知.margin call 追加保证金的通知.margin money 预收保证金,开设信用证保证金. margin rate 保证金率.markdown 跌价.market discount rate 市场贴现率.market expectations 市场预期.market makers 造市者.market order 市价订单.market risk 市场风险.marketability 流动性market-clearing 市场结算.Master card 万事达卡.matching 搭配.mature liquid contracts 到期合约.maximum limit of overdraft 透支额度. measures for monetary ease 金融缓和措施measures for monetary ease 金融缓和措施measures for monetary ease 金融缓和措施medium rate 中间汇率medium-term finance 中期金融.member bank 会员银行Million card 百万卡.minimum cash requirements 最低现金持有量(需求) minimum reserve ratio 法定最低准备比率minimum reserve ratio 法定最低准备比率minimum reserve ratio 法定最低准备比率mint parity 法定平价monetary action 金融措施monetary action 金融措施monetary action 金融措施monetary aggregates 货币流通额monetary and credit control 货币信用管理monetary and credit control 货币信用管理monetary and credit control 货币信用管理monetary and financial crisis 货币金融危机monetary and financial crisis 货币金融危机monetary and financial crisis 货币金融危机monetary area 货币区monetary assets 货币性资产monetary base 货币基础monetary circulation 货币流通monetary device 金融调节手段monetary device 金融调节手段monetary device 金融调节手段monetary ease 银根松动monetary market 金融市场monetary market 金融市场monetary market 金融市场monetary risk 货币风险.monetary stringency 银根奇紧monetary stringency 银根紧monetary stringency 银根奇紧monetary stringency 银根奇紧monetary unit 货币单位money capital 货币资本.money collector 收款人money credit 货币信用money down 付现款money equivalent 货币等价money paid on account 定金.money-flow analysis 货币流量分析money-over-money leases 货币加成租赁. moral hazard 道德风险.mortgage bank 抵押银行motor vehicle and highway user tax 机动车和公路使用税. movables all risks insurance 动产综合保险.movables insurance 动产保险.multinational bank 跨国银行multiunit 公寓楼.mutual insurance company 相互保险公司.national bank 国家银行nationalized bank 国有化银行near money 准货币nearby contracts 近期合约.nearby futures 近期期货.nearby risks 近期风险.negotiability 流通性negotiating bank 议付银行nesting 配套.net settlement status 净结算状况,净结算头寸.neutral money 中介货币neutrality of the central bank 中央银行的中立性neutrality of the central bank 中央银行的中立性neutrality of the central bank 中央银行的中立性nominal account 名义帐户nominal deposit 名义存款non-member bank 非会员银行non-resident account 非居民存款notional principal 名义本金.notional sum 名义金额.off-balance-sheet 表外业务.offer rate 卖出汇率official borrowing 政府借款.official devaluation 法定贬值official rate (of exchange) 官方汇价official short-term credit 官方短期信用.offset reserve 坏帐准备金offset reserve 坏帐准备金offset reserve 坏帐准备金on a discount basis (以)折价形式.open account business (= open account tr赊帐交易open an account 开户open fair transaction tax 集市交易税.open market 公开市场.open market operation 公开市场业务open market operation 公开市场业务open market operation 公开市场业务open market policy 公开市场政策open market policy 公开市场政策open market policy 公开市场政策open mortgage 可资抵押.open negotiation 公开议付.open outcry 公开喊价,公开叫价.open policy 预约保单.open position (期货交易中的)头寸.open positions 敞口头寸.open-ended 开口的,无限制的,无限度的.opening order 开市价订单.operating bank 营业银行operating cash flow 营运现金流(量).operating lease 经营租赁.operating leases 操作租赁.operating risk 经营风险.operation account 交易帐户option 期权,选择权,买卖权.option buyer 期权的买方.option fee (=option premium or premium o期权费.option purchase price 期权的购进价格.option seller 期权的卖方.options on futures contract 期货合同的期权交易.ordinary bank 普通银行ordinary deposit 普通存款ordinary time deposit 普通定期存款our bank 开户银行out-of-the-money 无内在价值的期权.output-capital ratio 产出与资本的比率output-capital ratio 产出与资本的比率output-capital ratio 产出与资本的比率outright position 单笔头寸.outward documentary bill for collection 出口跟单汇票,出口押汇outward remittance 汇出汇款over-loan position 贷款超额over-loan position 贷款超额over-loan position 贷款超额overnight call loan 日拆.overseas bank 海外银行overseas branches 国外分行oversold 超卖over-the-counter 场外的,买卖双方直接交易的,不通过交易所交易的.over-the-counter (OTC) option 场外交易市场overvalued 估。
CreditCrisisIssues金融危机相关话题(英文).doc
UNIT 3Text APRE-READING TASKExercise 1Before reading the passage, think about the question.What would you feel in times of crisis? Try to use some of the words given to describe your feeling when you are facing a crisis.depressed troubledanxious hopelessdetermined challengingconfident cheerfulstrong discouragedhopeful courageousNow read the passage and try to find out what the author thinks we should do in the face of a crisis.Coping with Crisis1 If I were asked to give what I consider the single most useful bit of advice for all humanity, it would be this: Expect trouble as an inevitable part of life and, when it comes, hold your head high, look it squarely in the eye and say, "I will be bigger than you. You cannot defeat me." Then repeat to yourself the most comforting of all words, "This too shall pass."2 To forgive oneself in the face of a devastating experience is perhaps the most difficult of life's challenges. Most of us find it much easier to forgive others.3 In many instances we can't control what happens to us, but we can control our reactions to what happens to us. We can stay down for the count and be carried out of the ring, or we can pull ourselves back to our feet. If we are victimized by others, we must refuse to give them the power to break our spirit, make us physically ill, perhaps even shorten our lives. Most doctors will tell you that worry, anxiety, tension and anger can make you sicker than a virus.4 The expression "nervous breakdown" suggests that nerves have broken down, but organically the nerves are healthy. The problem is purely emotional. A doctor on the staff of the Mayo Clinic has said the majority of patients in hospital beds today are there because of illnesses that were psycho-generated. This means the sickness was triggered by an unresolved problem.5 I believe in blind faith. I have known people who have suffered deep personal tragedies, and this faith has helped them. But I also believe in the efficacy of positive action to overcome grief. Time is a healer, but those who help time by using it wisely and well make a more rapid adjustment.6 Grief, in part, is self-pity turned inside out. The widow who cries, "He was everything to me. How can I go on without him?" is crying for herself, not for him. The mourner who refuses to let go of his grief eventually isolates himself from his friends. The world may stop for a few hours, or perhaps a few days, to hold a hand or to wipe away a tear, but friends and relatives have problems of their own. Life goes on -- and those who refuse to go on with it are left alone to wallow in their misery.7 The best prescription for a broken heart is activity. I don't mean plunging intoa social whirl or running off on trips. Too many people who try to escape by doing just that succeed only in taking their troubles with them. The most useful kind of activity involves doing something to help others. I have told thousands of depressed people, "Enough of this breast-beating. No matter how bad things are with you, there is someone who is worse off -- and you can help him."8 Most touching to me is the heroism, the courage and faith of the average people in the world. Often readers who write about a problem will add something about their personal lives. I am moved by the magnificent people who write such lines as, "My husband lost his sight shortly after we married, but we manage beautifully." Or, "I've had two operations for cancer, but I know I'll be able to attend my son's graduation in June and I'm so thankful for that."9 No one knows why life must be so punishing to some of God's finest creatures. Perhaps it is true that everything has a price and we must sacrifice something precious to gain something else. The poets and philosophers say adversity, sorrow and pain give our lives an added dimension. Those who suffer deeply touch life at every point; they drain the cup to the dregs while others sip only the bubbles on top. Perhaps no man can touch the stars unless he has known the depths of despair -- and fought his way back.New Wordshumanityn. the human race 人，人类devastatinga. 毁灭性的，令人泄气的challengen. 1. 挑战2. 要求，需要v. 1. 提出挑战2. 对…表示异议victimizev. to cause (someone) to suffer unfairly 使受害，使牺牲shortenv. to make or become short 缩短，减少tensionn. 1. (a feeling of) nervous anxiety, worry or pressure （精神上的）紧张2. the degree of tightness 拉紧，绷紧virusn. 病毒breakdownn. a sudden weakening or loss of power of the body or mind 崩溃nerven. 1. 神经2. courage 勇气，力量organica. 1. 器官的，器质的2. of living things 有机的 organicallyad. 器官方面地，器质方面地clinicn. (a part of) a hospital or institution where medical advice and treatment are given 诊所，（医院的）门诊部generatev. to cause to exist; produce 产生，造成psycho-generateda. caused by (the illness of) the mind 由心理（或精神）造成的triggerv. to start 引起，发动resolvev. to settle or clear up (a difficulty)解决unresolveda. that has not been or is not settled 未解决的，未解答的efficacyn. 功效，功力griefn. deep or great sorrow 悲伤，悲痛healern. a person or thing that causes (something) to become healthy 治疗物，医治者widown. a woman whose husband is dead 寡妇mournern. a person who attends a funeral or feels sorrow 送葬者，哀悼者wallowv. 沉迷，纵乐miseryn. great suffering 痛苦, 不幸prescriptionn. 1. 解救方法2. a doctor's written order for a medicine (or treatment)处方whirln. 1. 一连串纷至沓来的事情，接连不断的活动2. 旋转（物）breastn. 胸，胸部breast-beatingn. （悲痛、遗憾、不幸等）感情的强烈表露heroismn. the quality of being a hero 英雄品质，英勇magnificenta. 伟大的，高尚的，宏伟的graduationn. 1. a ceremony at which degrees are conferred 毕业典礼2. 毕业thankfula. 欣慰的，感激的sacrificev. to give up or lose, esp. for some good purpose 牺牲，献出preciousa. of great value and beauty 贵重的，宝贵的poetn. a writer of poems 诗人philosophern. a person studying or teaching philosophy 哲学家adversityn. bad fortune; trouble 厄运，逆境sorrown. sadness 悲伤dimensionn. 1. 范围，方面2. 尺寸，尺度drainv. 1. 喝干2.（液体）排出，放出dregn. （常用复数）残渣，渣滓sipv. to drink in very small quantities 小口地喝，抿bubblen. (in liquid) a ball of air or gas that rises to the surface 气泡，泡沫Phrases and Expressionshold one's head high昂首，不垂头丧气look...in the eye(s)正视，直视in the face of在…面前down for the count（拳击手）被击倒由裁判数10判定胜负的to one's feet起来turn inside out使混乱，混淆，彻底查看，把…翻过来isolate...from使隔离，分隔开hold/a someone's hand给某人（道义上的）支持wipe away擦去，去除run off迅速离开，逃走be worse off更加糟糕，更加贫穷at every point在每一方面drain to the dregs喝干Proper Namethe Mayo Clinic梅奥诊所Text BPRE-READING TASKExercise 1Before reading the passage, think over the questions.1. How many decibels（分贝）do you think may cause hearing damage?2. What sort of noise you personally dislike most?3. Are there any sorts of noise that you enjoy?Now compare your answers with your neighbours'.Millions of Britons Endure Life withNoisy NeighboursMany people believe they are powerless to act, but environmental health officers have a battery of legislation at their disposal.1 Booming music, banging doors and chatter from the house next door, and traffic noise are blighting the lives of up to 18 million people according to a survey published today.2 Environment researchers found that nearly a third of Britons claim their home life is being spoiled by noise from neighbours, road traffic, aircraft and trains. Their findings indicate that the levels of noise pollution are rising, particularly from "amplified music, noisy animals and people's voices".3 The study, which will be presented to a national society for Clean Air and Environmental Protection Seminar in Birmingham, questioned 2373 adults from randomly selected households in 1991. The report claims official statistics on noise complaints greatly underestimate the harm it can cause to people's lives and health.4 Colin Grimwood, a researcher with the Environment Department's Building Research Establishment, said that between 60 and 70 per cent of people who endure noise from neighbours never complain. A small number approach neighbours directly and some consider direct and violent measures. Only 16 per cent will contact a council's environmental health officer, who may have powers to end the misery.5 The survey found that nearly 30 per cent of those questioned claimed they were adversely affected by traffic noise, 22 per cent objected to noise from neighbours, 16 per cent suffered from aircraft noise and 4 per cent from train noise.6 A similar survey carried out in the late 1980s found that 11 per cent of people were affected by traffic and 14 per cent by noisy neighbours.7 My Grimwood said people reacted to noise, particularly from neighbours, in a variety of ways. These included irritation, anger, a desire to move house, fatigue and depression.8 Many of those questioned said telephone conversations, reading and sleeping were disrupted by noises from next door.9 Voices were the most frequently reported sounds from next door. Ten per cent of those surveyed said they could hear them and more than half objected.10 Mr Grimwood said the impact of a noise depended on how loud it was, how long it lasted and the type of noise. For example, neighbours laughing were often said to be enjoyable sounds, while heavy traffic and emotionally charged or frightening noises such as arguments or children crying triggered stressful or violent moods.11 Sounds that were unpredictable, perceived as inconsiderate or unfamiliar alsotrigger hostile or distressed reactions. These included alarms, building work with no foreseeable date of completion, engines being revved and foxes crying.12 Howard Price, of the Institute of Environmental Health Officers in London, said many people wrongly believed they were powerless to act.13 He said action could be taken under the Environmental Protection Act 1990 and laws that came into force in January covering nuisance noise on streets.14 Mr Price said people could cause a noise problem not because they were unreasonable but because the building in which they lived had poor sound insulation.New Wordsendurev. to put up with 忍受powerlessa. without power; unable 无能为力的，无力量的batteryn. a set of similar things 一系列，一组legislationn. a body of laws 法律，法规boominga. （声音等）低沉有回响的，隆隆作响的bangv. to knock, beat, or push forcefully 砰地敲，击chattern. 喋喋不休，震颤声blightv. to be a bad influence on or ruin 破坏，摧残spoilv. 1. to cause to be useless or unsatisfactory 毁掉，损害2. 宠坏，溺爱aircraftn. an aeroplane 飞机findingn. (usu. pl.) what is learnt as the result of inquiry （常用复数）调查（或研究）amplifyv. to increase the strength of, esp. sound 放大（声音等），增强seminarn. 研讨会，讨论会adultn. a fully grown person 成年人randomlyad. 随机地，任意地complaintn. a statement of dissatisfaction 抱怨underestimatev. to have too low an opinion of the degree or number of 低估harmn. damage 危害approachv. 1. to speak to, esp. about something for the first time商量2. to come near(er) to 接近n. 1. 靠近，临近2. 方法，态度violenta. using great force 强烈的adverselyad. 不利地，有害地irritationn. 生气，恼怒fatiguen. the condition of being very tired 疲劳，劳累depressionn. a feeling of sadness and hopelessness 沮丧，消沉v. to bring or throw into disorder 扰乱，使中断impactn. a strong influence 影响，作用stressfula. 紧张的，压力重的moodn. a state of mind and feelings 情绪，精神状态unpredictablea. that can not be predicted 不可预测的，易变的perceivev. to become aware of, esp. through the eyes or the mind 感知，感觉consideratea. thoughtful (of the needs of others) 考虑周到的inconsideratea. (of a person )thoughtless 考虑不周的hostilea. unfriendly; showing dislike 怀敌意的，不友善的distressv. to cause great pain to 使痛苦distresseda. 痛苦的foreseeablea. that can be known in advance 可预见到的completionn. the state of being complete or the act of completing 完成enginen. 1. 器械，机械2. 引擎，发动机revv. to increase the speed of (an engine) 加速foxn. 狐nuisancea. 讨厌的n. a thing, a person or an act that causes trouble 讨厌的事，讨厌的人（或行为）insulationn. 隔音，隔热Phrases and Expressionsat someone's disposal任某人处理，由某人支配up to多达object to反对react to对…作出反应，对…起反应come into force开始生效，开始实施Proper NamesBriton大不列颠人，英国人Nick Nuttall尼克.纳托尔（人名）Clean Air and Environmental Protection Seminar清洁空气和环境保护研讨会Birmingham伯明翰（英国英格兰中部城市）Colin Grimwood科林.格里姆伍德（人名）the Environment Department's Building Research Establishment 环境部建筑研究机构the Institute of Environmental Health Officers环境卫生官员协会Howard Price霍华德.普赖斯（人名）the Environmental Protection Act 19901990年环境保护法。
global financial crisis全球金融危机的成因和动因(英文)
The Euphoric Economy
• Self-fulfilling expectations – Decline in risk aversion causes increase in investment
The Assets Boom and Bust
• Eventually: – Rising rates make conservative projects speculative – Non-Ponzi investors sell assets to service debts – Entry of new sellers floods asset markets – Rising trend of asset prices falters or reverses
40 0
Plus Business
Plus Financial
35 0
Plus Government
30 0
25 0
20 0
15 0
10 0
50
0 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000sing ingredient: – Ponzi Investing
– BNP closes 3 funds with strong subprime exposure…
• Different theory needed to understand crisis:
Minsky’s “Financial Instability Hypothesis”
• Explanation for regular credit-driven cycles & crises: – Economy in historical time – Debt-induced recession in recent past – Firms and banks conservative re debt/equity, assets – Only conservative projects are funded
商业金融危机-businessthefinancia
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关于金融危机的英文词汇次贷危机相关词汇 Securities and Exchange Commission 证券和交易委员会1、次级贷款 Subprime mortgage crisis 次贷危机 Subprime mortgagecrisis 次贷危机也可以用Subprime crisis表示，也可以简略美国房地产泡沫 US housing bubble 为Subprime, mortgage 是指抵押贷款，与mortgage流动性liquidity无法偿还房贷和丧失抵押赎回权 home-loan 相对应的另一个词En-mortgage最近使用频率也很defaults and foreclosures 高，如Ex-mortgage broker是指推销抵押贷款的中间人。
发放次贷的出贷方 subprime lenders 2、可调整利率贷款项目 Option ARMs ARM是adjustable rate mortgage缩写，指可调整利率借贷打包证券和银行持有的投资组合 loanspackaged into securities and held in bank portfolios 贷款，美国之所以出现次贷危机，就是由于OptionARMs过于“发达”，使得房地产泡沫越吹越大，最终可调整的贷款利率adjustable-rate mortgages(ARM) 造成不可避免的金融危机。
贷款欺诈fraudulent loans 3、房地产泡沫 real estate bubble 信用危机 credit risk房地产泡沫The Housing Bubble 证券化 securitization 房地产泡沫破灭 the housing bubble busting，住房抵押贷款证券 mortgage-backed securities(MBS) 经济衰退 economic declining 抵押债务 collateralized debt obligations(CDO) 经济危机 economic crisis 机构投资者 institutional investors 市场疲软market weak 杠杆操作 leveraged manipulation 注意foreclosure这个词，是指贷方lender没有能力贬值 devaluation 给付月供，银行收回用于出售的房产。
市值管理 Market Capitalization Management 4、信用危机 credit risk Adjustable-rate Mortgage 可调利率抵押贷款道德风险 Moral Hazard Collateralized Debt Obligation 债务抵押债券系统风险 Systemic Risk Credit Crunch 信用危机Discount Rate and Discount Window 贴现率和贴现窗口信用保险 Credit Insurance5、部分金融机构和政府部门中英文对照 Equity 资产净值Lehman Brothers 雷曼兄弟公司 Fed Funds Rate 联邦基金利率Countrywide 美国国家金融服务公司 Foreclosure 止赎权Bear stearns 世界顶级投资银行贝尔斯登 Investment Bank 投资银行AIG 美国国际集团 Liquidity 流动性Fed 美国联邦储备委员会 Monoline Insurance 单一险种保险住房抵押贷款证券mortgage backed securities Mora Hazard 道德风险Mortgage-backed Security 抵押担保证券 real estate 房地产 Prepayment Penalty 提前还款罚金 share 股票 Rating Agencies 评级机构 valuation 股价Reset 利率重设 equity market 股市 Risk Premium 风险溢价 shareholder 股东Securitization 证券化 macroeconomic 宏观经济 Structured Investment Vehicle 结构化投资工具 take a nosedive (股市)大跌 Systemic Risk 系统风险tumble 下跌 Term Securities Lending Facility 定期证券借贷工具 bourse 证交所 Transparency 透明度 corporate champion 龙头企业 Speculation 投机pension fund 养老基金collateral 抵押品 government bond 政府债券 Standard & Poor's 标准普尔 budget 预算 Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac 房利美和房地美(两deficit 赤字大联邦住宅贷款抵押公司) mongey-loser 亏损企业 dot-com bubble 网络泡沫traded company,trading enterprise 上市公司 Securities and Exchange Commission证券和交易委员会 transparency 透明度intellectual property 知识产权opportunistic practice 投机行为其它金融词汇rating agency 评级机构 entrepreneur 企业家 credit trading 信用 cook the book 做假帐money-market 短期资本市场 secondary listing 第二上市capital-market 长期资本市场 primary market 一级市场secondary market 二级市场 volatility 波动 financing 融资 option 期权intermediary 中介机构 merger 并购 capital market 资本市场 arbitrage 套利monetary market 货币市场 bad debt 坏帐 liquidity 流通性 a store of value 保值 hedge fund 对冲基金 forward exchange 期货交易pickup in rice 物价上涨 stakeholder 利益相关者 inflation 通货膨胀transparency 透明度 deflation 通货紧缩 market fundamentalist 市场经济基本规则 tighter credit 紧缩信贷 damage-contral machinery 安全顾问monetary policy 货币政策 efficient market 有效市场 foreigh exchange 外汇intellectual property 知识产权 quote 报价opportunistic practice 投机行为contract 合同 entrepreneur 企业家 domestic currency 本币 cook the book 做假帐 floating rate 浮动利率 regulatory system 监管体系 venture capital 风险资本(VC) portfolio 投资组合 job machine 就业市场 money-market 短期资本市场 consolidation 兼并 capital-market 长期资本市场leverage 杠杆 volatility 波动 file for bankruptcy 申请破产diversification 多元化 bailout 救助 real estate 房地产 take over 收购option 期权 on the hook 被套住 call option 看涨期权 housing bubble房贷泡沫 put option 看跌期权 bubble economy泡沫经济 merger 并购 underwriter 保险商 arbitrage 套利 valuation 股价 Securities and Exchange Commission 〈美〉证券交易委员会 government bond 政府债券saving account 储蓄帐户 dollar standard 美元本位制 equity market 股市 budget 预算 shareholder 股东 deficit 赤字 delist 摘牌 bad debt 坏帐mongey-loser 亏损企业 macroeconomic 宏观经济 inventory 存货 fiscal stimulus 财政刺激 traded company,trading enterprise 上市公司 a store of value 保值transaction currency 结算货币 parent company 母公司 forward exchange 期货交易 credit swap 互惠贷款 intervention currency 干预货币 venture capital 风险资本 Treasury bond 财政部公债 book value 帐面价值 current-account 经常项目 physical capital 实际资本 pickup in rice 物价上涨IPO(initial public offering) 新股首发;首次公开发行Federal Reserve 美联储 job machine 就业市场 inflation 通货膨胀welfare capitalism 福利资本主义 deflation 通货紧缩 collective market cap 市场资本总值 tighter credit 紧缩信贷 golbal corporation 跨国公司monetary policy 货币政策 transnational status 跨国优势 foreigh exchange 外汇 transfer price 转让价格 spot transaction 即期交易 consolidation 兼并 forward transaction 远期交易 leverage 杠杆option forward transaction 择期交易 Federal Reserve 美联储 swap transaction 调期交易 financial turmoil/meltdown 金融危机 quote 报价 file for bankruptcy 申请破产 settlment and delivery 交割 bailout 救助buying rate 买入价 take over 收购buy out 购买selling rate 卖出价 (某人的)产权或全部货物 spread 差幅go under 破产contract 合同 take a nosedive (股市)大跌 at par 平价 tumble 下跌premium 升水 falter 摇摇欲坠 discount 贴水 on the hook 被套住 direct quoation method 直接报价法 shore up confidence 提振市场信心 indirect quoation method 间接报价法 stave off 挡开, 避开, dividend 股息 liquidate assets 资产清算 domestic currency 本币 at fire sale prices 超低价floating rate 浮动利率 sell-off 证券的跌价。