2011月12月英语四级考试密押卷及答案(2)
2023年12月英语四级答案 (2)
2023年12月英语四级答案听力部分Section AA)They don’t like the meal.B)At a restaurant.C)She doesn’t have cash with her.B)Resolve their dispute.A)Take a bus.B)Rent a car.C) A pet store.A)It is more convenient for her.B)He left his report at home.C)The man should get the book from the library. Section BD)By following other dogs.A)They can get sick easily.C)By rubbing themselves on the ground.B)They use landmarks to guide them.D)They are unable to smell.Section CC)They can learn new things more quickly.A)It won the European Inventor Award.B)It can be produced on a large scale.D)It will reduce plastic waste effectively.A)By developing new techniques.C)They can be used in various fields.D)It can provide important information quickly.B)They can participate in various activities.C)They can access information and resources easily.A)It will have a significant impact on education.阅读部分Passage OneB)They were categorized in a special section.D)They must be given proper guidance.C)It is difficult to verify their qualifications.A)They can provide learners with more choices.D)They adhere to specific standards.Passage TwoA)Its impact on social interactions.C) A decline in empathy for others.B)They tend to focus on themselves.C)They have fewer intimate friends.D)They find it challenging to understand others’ emotions. Passage ThreeB)They are limited in statistical support.C)They have a high level of job security.D)They make important contributions to the economy.A)Their automated tasks may be unreliable.B)They can perform repetitive tasks efficiently.A)Positive attitudes towards automation.B)Human-like attributes.D)The importance of human creativity.A)Researchers’ concerns about AI advancement.C)Maintaining a balance between AI and human abilities. 完形填空部分A)ThoughD)conceptsB)compensateA)survivedC)phenomenaD)widespreadB)fundamentalA)individualsC)namelyB)perspectiveD)privilegedA)symbolsC)inappropriateB)regardA)wherein写作部分2023年12月英语四级写作题目：学生是否应该参加暑期实习范文In recent years, there has been an ongoing debate about whether students should participate in summer internships. Some people argue that internships are crucial for students’ future career development, while others believe that students should spend their summer vacations relaxing. Personally, I firmly believe that students should indeed take part in summer internships for several reasons.Firstly, summer internships provide students with valuable opportunities to apply their knowledge and skills in a real-world work environment. In classrooms, students gain theoretical knowledge, but they often lack practical experience. Byparticipating in internships, they can bridge the gap between theory and practice, gaining hands-on experience that will be beneficial for their future careers.Secondly, summer internships allow students to explore their career choices and make informed decisions about their future paths. Many students enter university without a clear understanding of their career goals. Through internships, they get exposure to different industries and job roles, enabling them to better understand their own interests and talents. This self-discovery process helps them make more informed decisions about their future career paths.Furthermore, summer internships give students the opportunity to establish valuable connections with professionals in their fields of interest. These connections can provide mentorship, guidance, and potentially even job opportunities in the future. Building a professional network early on can help students jumpstart their careers and open doors to various opportunities.Lastly, participating in summer i nternships can enhance students’ personal and professional growth. Internships often require students to take on responsibilities, work in teams, and solve real-world problems. These experiences help develop crucial skills such as communication, leadership, and problem-solving, which are highly valued in the job market. Moreover, internships also expose students to different work cultures and perspectives, broadening their horizons and fostering their adaptability.In conclusion, I strongly believe that students should participate in summer internships. Internships provide valuable hands-on experience, help students explore career choices, establish professional connections, and foster personal and professional growth. By actively engaging in internships, students can prepare themselves for successful careers and gain a competitive edge in the job market.。
2011.12月CET_4真题及答案
这些是我在网上收集的资料与大家分享，仅供参考！！在此感谢泸江网（/）和————平根这是我找的作文一篇：Nothing Succeeds Without a Strong WillAs we have read from above, quitting-smoking seems easy, but in reality it is rarely achieved. There is something provoking and interesting in this paradox, just because sword does not wear the stone as dripping water does.The ability to do something over and over again in a short time may imply its easin ess, but in a long run, a lifetime maybe, things turn out to be quite the opposite. Also, a s is often the case, one may have obtained all the tools and opportunities to achieve som ething, but in the end they still fail due to the will shortage.So how could we avoid the dilemma? Here is the prime condition of success: will a nd perseverance. Concentrate you energy, thought and mind exclusively on the business in which you are engaged, hang on in there and be patient, for, as Emerson put it, no one can cheat you out of your ultimate success but yourself答案听力：Section A11.答案：B) Go and ask the staff.12.答案：A) He fell asleep in the middle of the TV program.13.答案：B) She is worried about missing her flight.14.答案：A) In a restaurant15.A) He is being interviewed for a job.16.B) The man is unlikely to move out of the dormitory.17.D) The woman is going to make her topic more focused.18.B) They didn’t quite enjoy their last picnic.19.B）He prefers hot weather to cold weather.20.B）The cold houses.21.C）Depressing.22.B）They work hard and play hard.23. What was the man’s major at university?答案：B）French.24. What was the man’s job in secondary schools?答案：C）careers guidance.25. What attracted the man to Nottingham University?答案：B）Its pleasant environment.Section BPassage One（听力短文第一大题）26. A. The art of Japanese brush painting27. A. To enhance concentration28. C. How listeners in different cultures show respectPassage Two（听力短文第二大题）29. A. Buying and maintaining equipment.30. A. Two of his employees committed theft.31. D. Advancement to a higher promotion32. D. She is competing with Chris for that new job.33. A）They help us see the important values of a culture.34.B) The values they reflect may change.阅读：Section A47 growth48 stable49 challenges50 certainly51 role52 combined53 significant54 included55 comprise56 solutionsSection BPassage One57, C encourage boys to express their emotions freely58, A perform relatively better59, C It fails to give boys the attention they need60, A teaching can be tailored to suit the characteristics of boys 61, C They have sharper visionPassage Two62. C . It makes all the hard work worthwhile.63. D. Disputes over money may ruin a relationship.64. A. conflicts between couples tend to rise65. D. men and women view money in different ways.66. C. discuss money matters to maintain a healthy relationship. 完型填空67.reveals68.stuff69.while70.shortages71.surveyed72.private73.concerned74.recruit75.As76.for77.intensify78.technical79.priority80.subjects81.if82.rate83.particular84.highlighted85.workforce86.where翻译87. Charity groups organized various activities to raise money for the survivors of the earthquake. (为地震幸存者筹款)88. Linda couldn’t have received my e-mail (不可能收到我的电子邮件), otherwise, she could have replied.89. It’s my mother who/that keeps encouraging me not to lose heart (一直鼓励我不要灰心) when I have difficulties in my study.90. The publishing house has to consider the popularity of this novel. (考虑这本小说的受欢迎程度)。
12月大学英语四级考试真题答案（完整版（2）
12月大学英语四级考试真题答案（完整版（2）B) It has a growing number of newly coined words,C) It can be easily picked up by overseas travelers.D) It is the largest among all languages in the world.参考答案：9. B. It is used by more people than English.10. C. The influence of the British Empire.11. A. It includes a lot of words from other languages.Conversation 2Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you havejust heard.12. A) To return some goods.B) To apply for ajob.C) To place an order.D) To make a complaint.13. A) He has become somewhat impatient with the woman.B) He is not familiar with the exact details of goods.C) He has not worked in the sales department for long.D) He works on a part-time basis for the company.14. A) It is not his responsibility.B) It will be free for large orders.C) It costs 15 more for express delivery.D) It depends on a number of factors.15. A) Report the information to her superior.B) Pay a visit to the saleswoman in charge.C) Ring back when she comes to a decision.D) Make inquiries with some other companies.参考答案：12. C.To place an order13. B. He is not familiar with the exact details of goods.14. D. It depends on a number of factors.^15. C. Ring back when she comes to a decision.Section B Directions:In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D ). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet I with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16. A) No one knows exactly where they were .B) No one knows for sure when they came into being.C) No one knows for what purpose they were .D) No one knows what they will .17. A) Carry ropes across rivers.B) Measure the speed of wind.C) Pass on secret messages.D) Give warnings of danger.18. A) To protect houses against lightning.B) To test the effects of the lightning rod.C) To find out the strength of silk for kites.D) To prove the lightning is electricity.参考答案：16. B. No one knows for sure when they came into being.17. A. Carry ropes across rivers.18. D. To prove the lighting is electricity.Passage TwoQuestions 19 to 22 are based on the passage you have just heard.19. A) She enjoys teaching languages.B) She can speak several languages.C) She was trained to be an interpreter.D) She was born with a talent for languages.20. A) They acquire an immunity to culture shock.B) They would like to live abroad permanently.C) They want to learn as many foreign languages as possible.D) They have an intense interest in cross-cultural interactions.21. A) She became an expert in horse racing.B) She got a chance to visit several European countries.C) She was able to translate for a German sports judge.D) She learned to appreciate classical music.22. A) Taste the beef and give her comment.B) Take part in a cooking competition.C) Teach vocabulary for food in .D) Give cooking lessons on.参考答案：19. B. She can speak several languages.20. D. They have an intense interest in cross-cultural interactions.21. C. She was able to translate for a German sportsjudge.22. A. Taste the beef and give her comment.Passage ThreeQuestions 23 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.23. A) He had only a third-grade education.B) He once threatened to kill his teacher.C) He grew up in a poor single parent household.D) He often helped his .24. A) Careless.B) Stupid.C) Brave.D) Active. r25. A) Write two book reports a week.B) Keep a diary.C) Help with housework.D) Watch education.参考答案：23. C. He grew up in a poor single parent household.24. B. Stupid25. A. Write two book reports a week.Section C Directions:In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just heard. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.When you look up at the night sky, what do you see? There are other (26) heavenly bodies out there besides the moon and stars. One of the most (27) fascinating of these is a comet.Comets were formed around the same time the Earth was formed. They are (28) made up of ice and other frozen liquids and gases. (29) Now and then these “ dirty snowballs” begin to orbit the sun, just as the planets do.As a comet gets closer to the sun, some gases in it begin to unfreeze. They (30) combine with dust particles from the comet to form a huge cloud. As the comet gets even nearer to the sun,a solar wind blows the cloud behind the comet, thus forming its tail. The tail and the (31) generally fuzzy atmosphere around a comet are (32) characteristics that can help identify this (33) phenomenon in the night sky.In any given year, about a dozen known comets come close to the sun in their orbits. The average person can’ t see them all, of course. Usually there is only one or two a year bright enough to be seen with the (34) naked eye. Comet Hale-Bopp, discovered in 1995, was an unusually bright comet. Its orbit brought it (35) relatively close to the Earth, within 122 million miles of it. But Hale-Bopp came a long way on its earthly visit. It won’ t be back for another four thousand years or so.参考答案：26. heavenly27. Fascinating28. made up of29. Now and then30. combine with31. generally32. Characteristics33. phenomenon34. naked35 .relatively。
2011月12月英语四级考试密押卷及答案(2)-2
最牛英语口语培训模式：躺在家里练口语，全程外教一对一，三个月畅谈无阻！洛基英语，免费体验全部在线一对一课程：/wenkxd.htm（报名网址）Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) (25 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.Language is learned primarily through communication with other people. Research shows that the more communication children 47 at home the better developed their language skills will be. Children need to 48 well in order to learn well. This is especially important for the development of native language skills since the language is 49 reinforced by the child’s environment outside school.However, the 50 of communication is just as or more important than quantity alone. The language adults use helps children become aware of the many 51 aspects of objects and events around them. For example, during a shopping trip to the market or store, adults can develop children’s concepts by bringing their attention to the shapes, colors, sounds, textures, and size of objects and events around them. Parents can do this naturally through conversation without 52 teaching. In other words, conversation with children in 53 situations expands their minds and develops their thinking skills.In addition to conversing with children, adults can help prepare their children to succeed in school by encouraging them to take an 54 interest in books and in the print that surrounds them in the environment. The child’s first major 55 in school is learning to read. Children who come to school with knowledge that the print around them carries important meanings and with an interest in books and stories will usually 56 in learning to read rapidly.Section BDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.In the early 20th century, a horse named Clever Hans was believed capable of counting and other impressive mental tasks. After years of great performance, psychologists discovered that though Hans was certainly clever, he was not clever in the way everyone expected. The horse was cunningly (聪明地) picking up on tiny, unintentional bodily and facial cues given out not only by his trainer, but also by theaudience. Aware of the “Clever Hans”effect, Lisa Lit at the University of California, Davis, and her colleagues wondered whether the beliefs of professional dog handlers might similarly affect the outcomes of searchers for drugs and explosives. Remarkably, Dr. Lit found, they do.Dr. Lit asked 18 professional dog handlers and their dogs to complete brief searches. Before the searches, the handlers were informed that some of the search area might contain up to three target scents (气味), and also that in two cases those scents would be marked by pieces of red paper. What the handlers were not told was that none of the search areas contained the scents of either drugs or explosives. Any “detections”made by the teams thus had to be false.The findings reveal that of 144 searches, only 21 were clean (no alerts). All the others raised one alert or more. In total, the teams raised 225 alerts. While the sheer number of false alerts struck Dr. Lit as fascinating, it was where they took place that was of greatest interest.When handlers could see a red piece of paper, allegedly marking a location of interest, they were much more likely to say that their dogs signaled an alert. The human handlers were not only distracted on almost every occasion by the stimulus aimed at them, but also transmitted that distraction to their animals —who responded accordingly. To mix metaphors, the dogs were crying “wolf”at the unconscious signal of their handlers.How much that matters in the real world is unclear. But it might. If a handler, for example, unconsciously “profiled”people being sniffed (嗅) by a drug- or explosive-detecting dog at an airport, false positives could abound (大量存在). That is not only bad for innocent travelers, but might distract the team from catching the guilty.57. What did psychologists find out about Clever Hans?A) He was really good at counting. C) He merely responded to human signals.B) He was as clever as people claimed. D) He could understand human language.58. What did the dog handlers learn before the searches?A) There was actually no target scent in the search area.B) Each search area contained three target scents.C) Their dogs were expected to find the scents of red paper.D) Some target scents may be labeled with a special mark.59. According to Dr. Lit, the most significant about the experiment was .A) the way the dogs raised alerts C) the average time of the searchesB) the location of the false alerts D) the number of the false alerts60. What can be concluded from the experiment?A) Dogs may act in response to their handlers’bodily signals.B) The cooperation between dogs and their handlers is key to success.C) Well-trained dogs can better understand their handlers’signals.D) Dog handlers are more likely to be distracted than their dogs.61. How does the author see Dr. Lit’s findings?A) They may not be useful in real situations.B) They should raise our concern in real life.C) They will be widely applied in the near future.D) They should be backed up by further evidence.Passage TwoQuestions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.Being able to multitask is hailed by most people as a welcome skill, but not according to a recent study which claims that young people between the ages of eight and eighteen of the so-called Generation M are spending a considerable amount of their time in fruitless efforts as they multitask. It argues that, in fact, these young people are frittering (浪费) away as much as half of their time as they would if they performed the very same tasks one after the other.Some young people are using an ever larger number of electronic devices as they study. At the same time they are working, young adults are also surfing on the Internet, or sending out emails to their friends, and/or answering the telephone and listening to music on their iPods. As some new device comes along, it is also added to the list rather than replacing one of the existing devices.Other research has indicated that this multitasking is even affecting the way families themselves function as young people are too wrapped up in their own isolated worlds to interact with the other people around them. They can no longer greet family members when they enter the house nor can they eat at the family table.All this electronic wizardry (魔力) is supposedly also seriously affecting young people’s performance at university and in the workplace. When asked about their opinions of the impact of modern gadgets (小装置) on their performance of tasks, the great majority of young people gave a favorable response.The response from the academic and business worlds was not quite as positive. The former feel that multitasking with electronic gadgets by children affects later development of study skills, resulting in a decline in the quality of writing, for example, because of the lack of concentration on task completion. They feel that many undergraduates now urgently need remedial (补救的) help with study skills. Similarly, employers feel that young people entering the workforce need to be taught all over again.While all this may be true, it must be borne in mind that more and more is expected of young people nowadays; in fact, too much. Praise rather than criticism is due in respect of the way today’s youth are able to cope despite what the older generation throw at them.62. What do we learn about the multitasking Generation M from a recent study?A) They are highly praised for being efficient.B) They put more energy on important tasks.C) They don’t save much time as supposed.D) They need to improve their analytical skills.63. With the introduction of new gadgets, what happens to the Generation M’s present e-devices?A) They are put aside temporarily. C) They give way to the latest gadgets.B) They are either sold or traded. D) They become part of their collection.64. A research revealed that multitasking makes the Generation M ________.A) distant to their family C) impolite and ungratefulB) selfish and possessive D) feel lonely and pitiful65. The academics feel that many undergraduates badly need to ________.A) adjust their social attitudes C) improve their study skillsB) seek psychological assistance D) take more business courses66. What does the author suggest the older generation do in dealing with the multitasking youth?A) Heighten their expectations on the youth.B) Try to be supportive and understanding.C) Encourage the youth to stick to their old habits.D) Change the way the youth use the gadgets.“成千上万人疯狂下载。
2011年12月大学英语四级全真预测试题四及答案解析
2011年12月大学英语四级全真预测试题四及答案解析D之2011年12月大学英语四级全真预测试题四及答案解析2011年12月大学英语四级全真预测试题四及答案解析一、选词填空题第1题：It seems you always forget—your readingglasses when you are rushing to work, your coat when you are going to the cleaners, your credit card when you are shopping...Such absent-mindedness may be 1 to you; now British and German scientists are developing memory glasses that record everything the2 sees.The glasses can play back memories later to help the wearer remember things they have forgotten such as where they left their keys. And the glasses also 3 the user to "label" items so that information can be used later on. The wearer could walk around an office or a factory identifying certain 4 by pointing at them. Objects indicated are then given a 5 label on a screen inside the glasses that the user then fills in.It could be used in 6 plants by mechanics looking to identify machine parts or by electricians wiring a 7 device.A spokesman for the project said: "A car mechanic for8 could find at a glance where apart on a certain car model is so that it can be identified and repaired. For the motorist the system could 9 accident black spots or dangers on the road."In other cases the glasses could be worn by people going on a guided tour, 10 points of interest or by people looking at panoramas where all the sites could be identified.[A] allow[B] instance[C] blank[D] industrial[E] frustrating[F] items[G] indicating[H] highlight [I] user[J] complicated[K] white[L] annoying[M] successful[N] articles[O] simple【参考答案】：略二、阅读理解第2题：What makes Americans spend nearly half their food dollars on meals away from home? The answers lie in the way Americans live today. During the first few decades of the twentieth century, canned and other convenience foods freed the family cook from full-time duty at the kitchen range.Then, in the 1940s, work in the wartime defense plants took more women out of the home that ever before, setting the pattern of the working wife and mother. Unless family members pitch in with food preparation, women are not fully liberated from that chore.It's easier to pick up a bucket of friedchicken on the way home from work or take the family out for pizzas or burgers than to start opening cans or heating up frozen dinners after a long, hard day. Also nowadays, the rising divorce rate means that there are more single working parents with children to feed. And many young adults and elderly people, as well as unmarried and divorced mature people, live alone rather than as a part of a family unit and don't want to bother cooking for one. Fast food is appealing because it is fast, it doesn't require any dressing up, it offers a "fun" break in the daily routine, and the outlay of money seems small. It can be eaten in the car-sometimes picked up at a drive-in window without even getting out-or on the run. Even if it is brought home to eat, there will never be any dirty dishes to wash because of the handy disposable wrappings. Children, especially, love fast food because it's finger food, no struggling with knives and forks, no annoying instructions from adults about table manners.1. Americans enjoy fast food mainly because ________.[A] it can be eaten in the car[B] it is much more tasty than home-made food[C] one only uses his fingers while eating it[D] it is time-saving and convenient2. It can be inferred that children ________.[A] want to have freedom at table[B] wash dishes after each meal[C] are not good at using forks and knives while eating[D] take eating time as a fun break3. Many Americans are eating out and not cooking at home nowadays because ________.[A] they want to make a change after eating the same food for years at home[B] the food made outside home tastes better than food cooked at home[C] many of them live alone or don't like taking trouble to cook[D] American women refuse to cook athome due to women's liberation movement4. According to the text, a drive-in window isa ________.[A] car window from which you can see the driver[B] window in the restaurant from which you get your meal in the car[C] place where you check the mechanic condition of your car[D] entrance where you return the used plates after eating5. The expression "pitch in with" (Line 2, Para. 2) probably means________.[A] complain[B] enjoy[C] help[D] deny1小题>、【正确答案】：D2小题>、【正确答案】：C3小题>、【正确答案】：C4小题>、【正确答案】：B5小题>、【正确答案】：C【参考解析】：无第3题：InfraGard is a grass-roots effort to respond to the need for cooperation and collaboration in countering the threat of cyber crime and terrorism to private businesses and the government. By the end of September, there will be InfraGard chapters in all 50 states, Calloway said. With advice from the FBI, each local chapter will be run by a board of directors that includes members of private industry, the academic community and public agencies. Bands, utilities, and other businesses and government agencies will use a secure Web site to share information about attempts to hack into their computer networks. Members can join the system free. A key feature of the system is a two-pronged method of reporting attacks.A "sanitized" description of a hackingattempt or other incident-one that doesn't reveal the name or information about the victim-can be shared with the other members to spot trends. Then a more detailed description also can be sent to the FBI's computer crimes unit to interfere if there are grounds for an investigation. Cyber crime has jumped in recent years across the nation, particularly in hotbeds of financial commerce and technology like Charlotte. "Ten years ago, all you needed to protect yourself was a safe, a fence and security officers," said Chris Swecker, who is in charge of the FBI's Charlotte office. "Now any business with a modem is subject to attack." FBI agents investigate computer hacking that disrupted popular Web sites including Amazon. com, CNN and Yahoo!several North Carolina victims have been identified this year. The investigation has also identified computer systems in North Carolina used by hackers to commit such attacks. Prosecutions of hackers have been hampered bythe reluctance of companies to report security intrusions for fear of bad publicity and lost business. Meanwhile, too many corporations have made it too easy for criminals by sacrificing security for speed and accessibility. Jack Wiles, who will lead the local InfraGard chapter's board, said a recent report estimated 97 percent of all cyber crime goes undetected. Wiles, a computer security expert, has a firewall on his personal computer to prevent hackers from getting into his files. "I get at least one report a day that somebody was trying to get into my computer," he said, "the Net is a wonderful place, but it's also a dangerous one."1. From the first paragraph, we know ________.[A] InfraGard is a protective measure against cyber crime[B] InfraGard is a measure of cooperation and collaboration[C] there will be 50 InfraGard chapters in all states[D] private business and the government are now committing cyber crime2. Each local chapter of InfraGard will be run by the following EXCEPT ________.[A] academic communities[B] public agencies[C] FBI[D] private industry3. By saying "too many corporations...speed and accessibility" (Lines 3～4, Para. 3), the author means ________.[A] too many corporations take no notice of the security problem of computers[B] criminals are sacrificing security for speed and accessibility[C] it's very easy to sacrifice security for speed and accessibility[D] many companies suffer from computer hacking because they value speed and accessibility more than security4. All the following are reasons for the rise in cyber crime EXCEPT ________.[A] victims won't report intrusions by hackers[B] victims have no firewalls[C] the use of modem is increasing[D] companies don't pay enough attention to security5. It can be concluded from the passage that ________.[A] not all hacking attempts are worthy of investigation[B] information of the victims is inaccessible[C] InfraGard chapters will be in effect by the end of September[D] was often disrupted by hacking1小题>、【正确答案】：C2小题>、【正确答案】：C3小题>、【正确答案】：D4小题>、【正确答案】：B5小题>、【正确答案】：A【参考解析】：无三、完型填空第4题：Today, most countries in the world have canals. Many countries have built canals near the coast, and parallel1 the coast. Even in the twentieth century, goods can be moved more cheaply by boat than by any other2 of transport. These 3 make it possible for boats to travel 4 ports along the coast without being 5 to the dangers of the open. Some canals, such as the Suez and the Panama, save ships weeks of time by making their6 a thousand miles shorter. Other canals permit boats to reach cities that are not 7 on the coast; still other canals8 lands where there is too much water, help to 9 fields where there is not enough water, and 10 water power for factories and mills. The size of a canal11 on the kind of boats going through it. The canal must be wide enough to permit two of the largestboats using it to 12 each other easily. It must be deep enough to leave about two feet of water13 the keel of the largest boat using the canal. When the planet Mars was first 14 through a telescope, people saw that the round disk of the planet was crises-crossed by a15 of strange blue-green lines. These were called "canals"16 they looked the same as canals on earth 17 are viewed from an airplane. However, scientists are now 18 that the Martian phenomena are really not canals. The photographs 19 from space-ships have helped us to 20 the truth about the Martian "canals".1. [A] off [B] with [C] to [D] by2. [A] way [B] means [C] method [D] approach3. [A] waterways [B] waterfronts [C] channels [D] paths4. [A] among [B] between [C] in [D] to5. [A] revealed [B] exposed [C] opened [D] shown6. [A] trip [B] journey [C] voyage [D]route7. [A] lain [B] stationed [C] set [D] located8. [A] escape [B] drain [C] dry [D] leak9. [A] water [B] wet [C] soak [D] irrigate10. [A] furnish [B] afford [C] offer [D] give11. [A] focuses [B] bases [C] depends [D] takes12. [A] cross [B] pass [C] move [D] advance13. [A] down [B] beneath [C] below [D] off14. [A] studied [B] researched [C] surveyed [D] observed15. [A] plenty [B] number [C] deal [D] supply16. [A] although [B] because [C] so [D] if17. [A] that [B] where [C] when [D] as18. [A] exact [B] definite [C] certain [D] decisive19. [A] held [B] taken [C] got [D] developed20. [A] find [B] expose [C] uncover [D]discover1小题>、【正确答案】：C 2小题>、【正确答案】：B 3小题>、【正确答案】：A 4小题>、【正确答案】：B 5小题>、【正确答案】：B 6小题>、【正确答案】：C 7小题>、【正确答案】：D 8小题>、【正确答案】：B 9小题>、【正确答案】：D 10小题>、【正确答案】：A 11小题>、【正确答案】：C 12小题>、【正确答案】：B 13小题>、【正确答案】：C 14小题>、【正确答案】：D 15小题>、【正确答案】：B 16小题>、【正确答案】：B 17小题>、【正确答案】：A 18小题>、【正确答案】：C 19小题>、【正确答案】：B20小题>、【正确答案】：D【参考解析】：无四、阅读理解第5题：Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, markY (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage;N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage;NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage.For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.To Save Trees, Fighting One Alien Insect with OthersRusty rhea sighs wistfully as he talks about the beauty and peace of standing amid agrove (小树林) of deep green hemlocks in Appalachia, some of them up to 160 feet (50 meters) tall and more than 500 years old."This is a very special tree," said Rhea, an entomologist for the U.S. Forest Service's Forest Health Protection program in Asheville, North Carolina, "I was brought up here, and I don't want to see another species go by the wayside."The evergreen trees, a hallmark of southern Appalachia's national parks, are under attack by an invasive inse4ct barely visible to the eye but potent enough to fell the giants of the eastern United States' old-growth forests.Already the tiny bug from Japan, known as the hemlock woolly adelgid (HWA), has killed upward of 95 percent of the hemlocks in Virginia's Shenandoah National Park. Now they are making their way through the half-million-plus-acre (200,000-plus-hectare) Great Smoky Mountains National Park in North Carolina and Tennessee.The hemlocks shade streams, keepingwater temperatures just right for brook trout (鲑鱼) and other fish. They also house birds such as the black-throated green warbler, solitary vireo, and northern goshawk, all three of which mainly shelter in stands of hemlock trees.Because of the insect's broad impact on the entire ecosystem of southern Appalachia, HWA stands to cause wider damage than the American chestnut blight (枯萎病)of the early 1900s. That fungus from Europe killed off the once dominant chestnut trees from the northeast United States to the southern Appalachian Mountains.In addition, a species related to HWA, the balsam woolly adelgid, has already killed about 90 percent of the mature Fraser fir trees in the Smokies.Acting QuicklyHWA arrived in the U.S. Pacific Northwest via nursery plants from Japan in 1924. By 1951 the tiny invader had been foundin Virginia. Since then the insect has spread to more than 15 U.S. states.The key to killing the HWA is to catch it early and act quickly. It's already well established in the Great Smoky Mountains, where Rhea and others are trying to stem the spread of the bugs.HWA multiply quickly: All of the insects are females that reproduce asexually (无性地), laying several hundred eggs a year. When they get to the nymph, or crawler, stage, they are dormant from about June until October, after which they emerge and establish themselves on trees.Winds and birds and other animals spread the crawlers through the forest.HWA crawlers feed on the new growth of hemlocks by piercing the twigs that hold the branches, sucking the sap, and injecting toxic saliva. The needles turn from a deep green to a grayish green and eventually die, depriving the tree of nutrition from photosynthesis.An infected tree usually dies within five years of initial attack. Infection is signaled by either a white, cottonlike material that appears along a tree's twigs or by the "baldness" of a tree's upper branches.Plans of AttackIn the Pacific Northwest the hemlocks seem to be tolerant of the creatures' feeding, and in the cold northeast, winters seem to keep them at bay. But in the warm southeast, with weather approximating that of the insects' native Asian homes, they thrive.Chemical sprays-such as insecticidal soaps and horticultural oils as well as trunk or soil injections-have helped to kill some of the HWA infestations.But spraying must be repeated every six months, and injections are expensive and last only two years at most. These methods can't be used conveniently or safely in remote areas or near the streams where hemlocks grow thickly.Long term, the best way to control thepests appears to be releasing other insects that feed exclusively on HWA. Scientists have studied HWA in Japan and China and identified three such species. One of them, the Sasajiscymnus tsugae (St) beetle, was released in areas of Great Smoky Mountains National Park in 2002.Studying what controls a species in its native habitat-including climate, predators, and host resistance-provided clues about which insects to use against HWA, said Kristine Johnson. Based in Gatlinburg, Tennessee, Johnson is a supervisory forester for Great Smoky Mountains National Park."Biological control is the only long-term hope to save the trees in the backcountry (穷乡僻壤)," she said. "We have 800 square miles (2,100 square kilometers) of contiguous wilderness. We value the native forest, and it's entirely worth defending."Risky BusinessReleasing one species of non-native bug to kill another could be risky business, potentiallycreating another type of infestation. But scientists first quarantined and studied the HWA-killer insects.They believe the St beetles are the best answer to the HWA problem and that they won't cause side damage. This tiny black female beetle, the size of a poppy seed, is already spreading in the Great Smoky Mountains.But the beetle and other HWA-killer insects are seasonal, so it will take several different ones operating year-round to keep HWA in check, Rhea said. He doesn't believe HWA will be completely eradicated (根除) but will instead be kept in balance by the predator insects. "We're trying to insert a balance in a system that's out of balance," he said.Each St beetle can lay 200 to 300 eggs, said Ernest Bernard, professor of entomology at the University of Tennessee in Knoxville.Bernard's laboratory is one of several that are breeding the beetles."Each beetle eats hundreds of babyadelgids a year," he said. And about 120,000 of the beetles have been released in the past couple years in the Smokies, but it is still too early to measure their impact.One good sign, Bernard said, is that some beetle larvae (幼虫) have been found in areas where they were not released, indicating that the HWA killers may be reproducing and spreading.1. The passage gives a general description of an invasive insect, HWA.2. Hemlock is a hallmark of southern Appalachia's national parks.3. The invasive insect, known as the hemlock woolly adelgid (HWA), is from Japan.4. The key to killing the HWA is to catch it early and act quickly.5. An infected tree usually dies immediately.6. The Hemlock in the U.S. will be saved from HWA soon.7. The long term, best way to control the pests HWA is spraying.8. Since 1951 the HWA has spread to more than________.9. Releasing one species of non-native bug to kill another could create________.10. It will take several different insects operating year-round to________.1小题>【参考答案】：Y2小题>【参考答案】：Y3小题>【参考答案】：N4小题>【参考答案】：N5小题>【参考答案】：Y6小题>【参考答案】：Y7小题>【参考答案】：NG8小题>【参考答案】：15 U.S. states9小题>【参考答案】：another type of infestation10小题>【参考答案】：keep HWA in check五、翻译第6题：It is time the whole society began to take action to ________________________(使我们的环境免于毁灭).【参考答案】：save our environment from destruction第7题：If we had set out earlier, ________________________(我们就不会在雨中行走).【参考答案】：we wouldn’t have walked in the rain第8题：When this semester is over, ________________________ (我就能抽空读这部小说了).【参考答案】：I should be able to get around to reading this novel第9题：________________________ (在我设计出这个问题的解决方案后)，I’ll submit a report to the committee.【参考答案】：After I work out a solution to the problem第10题：________________________ (我已得出结论)that it would be unwise to accept his proposal.【参考答案】：I have come to the conclusion六、写作题第11题：Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic: Online Education. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese:1. 目前网络教育形成热潮2. 我认为形成这股热潮的原因是……3. 我对网络教育的评价Online Education【参考答案】：Online EducationBeing online is no longer something strange in our life.To some degree, it has become part of our daily life. We can do a lot of things online, such as searching for information and communicating with friends far and near. But recently another helpful online activity has become very "in". That is online education.Why could online education be so popular within such a short period of time? Among all the reasons, the quick development of the internet should be the essential one, which makes our dreams of attending class in the distance possible. Another underlying reason is the quick development of both society and technology. Today, modern science and technology are developing at lightening speed. To catch up with the development we all feel an urgent and strong desire to study. However, due to the great pace of modern society, many people are too busy to study full time at school. Online education just comes to their aid.Personally, I appreciate this new form of education. It’s indeed a helpful complement tothe traditional education system. It can provide different learners with more flexible and versatile ways of learning. Most of all, with online education, we can absorb the latest knowledge while working.。
2020年12月英语四级考试答案(卷二完整版)
2020年12月英语四级考试答案（卷二完整版）2020年12月英语四级考试答案（卷二完整版）提示：考试采取"多题多卷"模式，试题顺序不统一，请依据试题实行核对。
Part I Writing1.【题干】Directions： For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay commenting on the saying "Learning is a daily experience and a lifetime mission." You can cite examples to illustrate the importance of lifelong learning. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.【答案】Undoubtedly, learning is a daily experience and lifetime mission. For instance, Madam Curie, who conducted pioneering research on radioactivity and became the first woman to win a Nobel Prize, was known for her persistence in learning.Several reasons, both social and individual, could account for the importance of constant learning. Firstly, in an age of ruthless and relentless competition, only by learning constantly can we bring our potential and ability into full play and catch up with the times. Secondly, learning does not only help us acquire knowledge, but also enriches our lives and broadens our horizons. Thirdly, science and technology change with each passing day. Without constant learning, it would be impossible for us to update our knowledge.Accordingly, it is constant learning that really matters in achieving success in modern society. In my humble opinion, it is high time that parents and teachers made joint efforts to encourage children to read more books instead of playing computer games all day.Part II Listening ComprehensionSection A2.【题干】Question 1【答案】B3.【题干】Question 2【答案】A4.【题干】Question 3【答案】C5.【题干】Question 4【答案】D6.【题干】Question 5【答案】B7.【题干】Question 6【答案】A8.【题干】Question 7【答案】D9.【题干】Question 810.【题干】Questions 9 to 12 are based on the conversation you have just heard.Question 9【答案】B11.【题干】Question 10【答案】C12.【题干】Question 11【答案】A13.【题干】Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.Question 12【答案】C14.【题干】Question 13【答案】B15.【题干】Question 14【答案】D16.【题干】Question 15【答案】CSection B17.【题干】Passage OneQuestion 1618.【题干】Question 17【答案】A19.【题干】Question 18【答案】D20.【题干】Passage Two Question 19【答案】B21.【题干】Question 20【答案】D22.【题干】Question 21【答案】C23.【题干】Question 22【答案】A24.【题干】Passage Three Question 23【答案】B25.【题干】Question 24【答案】B26.【题干】Question 25【答案】A27.【题干】_____【答案】heavenly28.【题干】_____【答案】fascinating 29.【题干】_____【答案】made up of30.【题干】_____【答案】Now and then 31.【题干】_____【答案】combine with 32.【题干】_____【答案】generally33.【题干】_____【答案】characteristics 34.【题干】_____【答案】phenomenon35.【题干】_____【答案】naked36.【题干】_____【答案】relatively37.【题干】_____38.【题干】_____【答案】G39.【题干】_____【答案】O40.【题干】_____【答案】K41.【题干】_____【答案】B42.【题干】_____【答案】I43.【题干】_____【答案】F44.【题干】_____【答案】M45.【题干】_____【答案】A46.【题干】_____【答案】D47.【题干】It will not be difficult to make learning a source of joy if educators change their way of thinking.48.【题干】What distinguishes children from adults is their strong ability to derive joy from what they are doing.【答案】D49.【题干】Children in America are being treated with shocking cruelty.【答案】A50.【题干】It is human nature to seek joy in life.【答案】F51.【题干】Grown-ups are likely to think that learning to children is what medicine is to patients.【答案】K52.【题干】Bad school conditions make it all the more important to turn learning into a joyful experience.【答案】L53.【题干】Adults do not consider children's feelings when it comes to education.【答案】C54.【题干】Administrators seem to believe that only hard work will lead children to their educational goals.【答案】I55.【题干】In the so-called "effective" schools, children are taught self-control under a set of strict rules.56.【题干】To make learning effective, educators have to ensure that children want to learn.【答案】J57.【题干】What does the author think of time displayed everywhere?【答案】C58.【题干】How do people usually go about their work according to the author?【答案】A59.【题干】What did Tamar Avnet and Anne-Laure Sellier find in their experiments about clock-timers?【答案】D60.【题干】What do the researchers say about today's business culture?【答案】B61.【题干】What do the researchers suggest?【答案】D62.【题干】What does the well-known columnist's remark about Martha Stewart suggest?【答案】A63.【题干】What do we learn from the second paragraph about many criminals in America?64.【题干】What are the consequences for many Americans with a criminal record?【答案】C65.【题干】What does the author think of the post-conviction laws and rules?【答案】D66.【题干】What is the author's main purpose in writing the passage?【答案】B67.【题干】云南省的丽江古镇是中国的旅游目的地之一。
2020年12月英语四级阅读冲刺试题及答案
2020年12月英语四级阅读冲刺试题及答案Section CDirections：There are 2 passages in this section．Each passage isfollowed by some questions or unfinished statements．For each ofthem there are four choices marked A.，B.，C.andD.．You should decide on the best choice and markthe corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre．Passage OneQuestions 56 to 60 are based on thefollowingpassage．They say that sticks and stones may break your bones，but words will never hurt you．Yet childhood bullying really can damage your long-term health．Gone are the days when bullying was considered aninevitable and ultimately harmless part of growing up—iustlast month we learned that childhood bullying can lead to poorer mental health even into middle age．Now William Copeland at Duke University in Durham，North Carolina，and his colleagues have shown that it can have lingering physiological effects too．They tracked 1420 9-year-olds right through their teens．Each child was seen upto nine times during the study and quizzed aboutbullying．The team then measured levels of C-reactive protein in their blood．CRP is a marker of inflammation(炎症)linkedto higher risk of cardiovascular disease (心血管疾病)and problems like diabetes．“Because we were collecting biological samples throughout，we were able to look at CRP levels in subjects prior to their bullying involvement．”says Copeland．“This really gives us an idea of the changes bullying brings about．”Although CRP levels naturally rise in everyone during adolescence，levels were highest in children who reported being tormented by bullies．Even at the ages of 1 9 and 2 1，children who had once been bullied had CRP levels about 1．4 times higher than peers who were neither perpetrators nor victims．In a cruel twist，the bullies had the lowest levels of all．s uggesting they didn’t suffer the same health risks． They may even see a benefit from theirbehavior,though Copeland stresses it doesn’t vindicate(辩护)their actions．“The goal would instead be to find other ways to produce this protective effect without it being at someone else’s expense，”he says．Andrea Danese at King’s College London has previously shown that maltreatment during childhood can lead to higll levels of inflammation in adult life．“This new study is a helpful addition in showing that these effects extend to another important childhood stressor,”he says．He suggests that care workers could monitor levels of CRP in children having psychotherapy to see if it is helping to soothe the stress of being bullied．56．What do you know about CRP?A.It is a symbol of the inflammation．B.It is a symbol of cardiovascular．C. It relates directly to diabetes．D.It is a symbol of physiological effects caused by bullying．57．What does Copeland mean by saying“prior to their bullying involvement”(Line 2，Para．4)?A.Before the children bullied others．B.Before the children were bullied．C.In preference to the children’s bullying behavior．D.In preference to the children’s being bullied．58．What can be learned from paragraph 5?A. The levels of CRP of the children being bullied are much higher than their peers．B. CRP levels naturally rise along with the increase of age．C.The bullies are not blamed for the health risks of the bullied．D. Copeland intends to defend the benefit of the bullies’a ctions．59．What does Andrea Danese suggest about childhood maltreatment?A. It has nothing to do with inflammation in adult life．B.Copeland’s study shows nothing related to it．C.CRP is the marker of childhood abuse．D. It has an influence on Children’s CRP levels．60．What is the main idea of this passage?A.Bullying is harmless to children’s growth．B.CRP levels reflect the risks of poorer health．C.Bullying does harm to a person all through his life．D.Children once bullied have higher CRP levels than peers who are not．Passage TwoQuestions 61 to65 are based on thefollowingpassage．Here’s a case study for would-be MBAs to consider：the success of H Mart．an international supermarket chain basedin New Jersey(the“H”in H Mart stands for Han Ah Reum．which means“one arm full of groceries”in Korean)．Tlle first H Mart opened in Queens，New York in 1982，as a corner shop．Now there are stores in 11 states，Canada andBritain．A new one recently opened in Cambridge．Massachusetts，an affluent city outside Boston．The future looks bright for Asian supermarkets like H Mart．Eamings of Asian-American households outpace the American average．Their spending exceeds all other groups，too，according to Geoscape，a consultancy．And they spend more of their money on groceries than the average America household．But Asian delicacies can be hard to come by：few Americans are likely to see durian or bamboo shoots in their local shop．Some specialty ingredients are only to be foundat a premium(高价)in up-market grocery stores，or miles away,in ethnic markets in older Asian neighborhpods．Americans have developed greater appetite for cooking and eating Asian foods，t00．In 2020 non．restaurant sales of Asian foods topped $1．5 billion，according to Mintel Group．a market．research firm．Though Latin foods are a bigger market，the popularity of Asian foods is growing faster．Once strange．seeming imports like seaweed and sashimi are now fashionable eats．Though the rate of growthis expected to fall，sales are likely to keep rising．Yet most Asian grocers have not made efforts to reach new customers，says Jeffrey Cohen，an analyst at IBIS World,an industries watcher．Many shops are located in minority enclaves，and do little to market themselves to other Americans．Cramped car parks and dingy interiors fend off customers used to the bright fluorescence(荧光)of mainstream supermarkets．Ingredients labeled with poorly-translated English Can leave shoppers bamed．A few Asian grocery chains have caught on，opening stores in more diverse suburbs，paying attention to cosmeticniceties(细节)and marketing more widely．Other than H Mart，there are Califomian chains such as 99 Ranch Market and Shun Fat Supermarket，which have been expanding to the American southwest．The former was even featured in a humorous YouTube music vide—“Asians Eat Weird Things”—which has attracted more than 900，000 hits．Those weird things may not seem so weird after all．61.What makes the future ofAsian supermarkets so bright?A.High income and spending ofAsian-AmeriCalls．B. High income ofAsians and unreachable Asian foods in local American shops．C.High expenditures of Asians on grocery．D.Low earnings of the other groups．62．What are the benefits ofAmericans’growing appetite for Asian foods?A. The increasing sales and popularity ofAsian foods．B.The expansion of Latin food market．C.The growing fondness of cooking．D.The AmeriCans’good cooking skills ofAsian foods．63．Whhat are the reasons for the unreachability ofAsian groceries to Americans?A. AmeriCans’dislike to Asian foods．B. Asians’unwillingness to do business with AmeriCans．C. The poor shopping environment and confusing English introduction of the goods．D. Americans’dislike to the English introduction of the goods．64．What do Asian do to develop their groceries?A. Open stores in suburbs and improve shopping environment．B. Market shops to more AmeriCans．C. Make use of the mass media．D.All ofthe above．65．What call be inferred fi'om this passage?n supermarkets will become more and more popular．B. Latin foods are less popular than Asian foods．C.Americans’incomes are lower than the Asians’．D.H Mart is all American international supermarket chain．56．What do you know about CRP?关于CRP你知道些什么?A.It is a symbol ofthe inflammation．它是炎症的标志物。
2020年12月英语四级考前押题卷含答案
Part I
Writing
(30 minutes)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the influences of
media and family on children according to the following instruction. You should write at least 120 words
B) PCs are sold at lower prices during the shopping season. C) PC shipments have gone down quickly around the world.
D) PCs have longer lifecycles by upgrading their hardware.
D) To delete the email directly.
Questions 5 to 7 叩 based on the news report you have just heard.
5. A) Giving severe punishments to traffic violators. B) Encouraging people to travel on public buses.
two or three questions. Both t加news report and t比questions will比spoken only once. After you如r a
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2020年12月大学英语四级考试预测试题
2020年12月大学英语四级考试预测试题Section ADirections： In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks.根据以下资料，回答1-10题：The poll of 2,000 adults in England was(36)__________out as part of the government’s drive to curb people’s drinking habits．The campaign also stresses that a heavy drinking session is often(37)__________by an unhealthy breakfast，which again helps to pile on the pounds．The Know Your Limits campaign has in the past focused on other(38)__________0f drinking，such as di sease risk．But to(39)__________with the focus on weight，the DepaIhiient of Health carried out research showing a regular beer drinker,who downed(喝)five pints a week or 250 overthe(40)__________of a year,packed away the same number of calories as someone eating 22 1 doughnuts over the space of 1 2 months．It also revealed the average wine drinker consumed 2,000 calories each month．over the course of a year,that isthe(41)__________ofeating all extra 38 roast beefdinners．Health minister Phil Hope said，“Regu larly drinking more than our(42)__________daily limits can have a knock-on effect on our health，including an expanding waistline．“It’s not only the calories in the drinks themselves that can help to pile on the pounds，we’re alsomore(43)__________to eat fatty foods when we’ve had one too many．”Heather Caswell，of the British Nutrition Foundation，added，“Most people would baulk(犹豫)at consuming a full glass of single cream，but wouldn’t minl(44)__________about a couple ofpints．”“But the calorie conte nt is similar and，over time，excess alcohol intake is likely to lead to weight gain．”And a spokesman for the Drinkaware Trust added：“It’s(45)__________we are in the know when it comes to what we are drinking．”注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
英语考级-2020年12月英语四级解析第2套
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2011年12月全国大学英语四级等级考试试题及答案（详解）
2011年12月全国大学英语四级等级考试试题及答案Part I WritingDirections: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic of Where There I a Will There Is a Way. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below: Where There Is a Will There Is a Way 1．坚强的意志是成功的重要保证。
．坚强的意志是成功的重要保证。
2．意志坚定的人才能完成伟大的使命，3．学生也是这样，不刻苦学习，才用。
才用。
注意：此部分试题在答题卡1上．For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Nothing Succeeds Without a Strong Will by commenting on the humorous saying, "Quitting smoking is the easiest thing in the world. I've done it hundreds of times." You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) Why Integrity Matters What is Integrity? The key to integrity is consistency--not only setting high personal standards for oneself (honesty, each day. One who has responsibility, respect for others, fairness) but also living up to those standards integrity is bound by and follows moral and ethical standards even when making life's hard choices, choices which may be clouded by stress, pressure to succeed, or temptation. What happens if we lie, cheat, steal, or violate other ethical standards? We feel disappointed in ourselves and ashamed. But a lapse of integrity also affects our relationships with others. Trust is essential in any important relationship, whether personal or professional. Who can trust someone who is dishonest or unfair? Thus, integrity must be one of our most important goals. Risky Business We are each responsible for our own decisions, even if the decision-making process has been undermined by stress or peer pressure. The real test of character is whether we can learn from our mistake by understanding why we acted as we did, and then exploring ways to avoid similar problems in the future. Making ethical decisions is a critical part of avoiding future problems. We must learn to recognize risks, because if we can't see the risks we're taking, we can't make responsible choices. To identify risks, we need to know the rules and be aware of the facts. For example, one who doesn't know the rules abouto keep plagiarism may accidentally use words or ideas without giving proper credit, or one who fails careful research notes may unintentionally fail to quote and cite sources as required. But the fact that such a violation is "unintentional" does not excuse the misconduct. Ignorance is not a defense. "But Everybody Does It" Most people who get in trouble do know the rules and facts, but manage to fool themselves about the risks they're taking by using excuses: "Everyone else does it," "I'm not hurting anyone," or "I really need this grade." Excuses can get very elaborate: "I know I'm looking at another's exam, even though I'm supposed to keep my eyes on my own paper, but that's not cheating because I'm just checking my answers not copying." We must be honest about our actions, and avoid excuses. If we fool ourselves into believing we're not doing anything wrong, we can't see the real choice we're making--and that leads to bad decisions. To avoid fooling yourself, watch out for excuses and try this test: Ask how you would feel if your actions were public, and anyone could be watching over your shoulder. Would you feel proud or ashamed of your actions? If you'd rather hide your actions, that's a good indication that you're taking a risk and rationalizing it to yourself. Evaluating Risks To decide whether a risk is worth taking, you must examine the consequences, in the future as well as right now, negative as well as positive, and to others as well as to yourself. Those who take risks the later regret usually focus on immediate benefits ("what's in it for me"), and simply haven't considered what might go wrong. The consequences of getting caught are serious, and may include a "0" on a test o assignment; an "F" in the class; suspension or dismissal from school; transcript notation; and a tarnished reputation. In fact, when you break a rule or law, you lose control over your life, and give others the power to impose punishment: you have no control over what that punishment might be. This is an life and death, or highest extremely precarious and vulnerable position. There may be some matters of principle, which might justify such a risk, but there aren't many things that fall in this category. Getting Away With It--Or Not Those who don't get caught pay an even higher price. A cheater doesn't learn from the test, depriving him/herself of an education. Cheating undermines confidence and independence: the cheater is a fraud, and knows that without dishonesty, he/she would have failed. Cheating destroys self-esteem and integrity, leaving the cheater ashamed, guilty, and afraid of getting caught. Worst of all, a cheater who doesn't get caught the first time usually cheats again, not only because he/she is farther behind, but also because it seems "easier." This slippery slope of eroding ethics and bigger risks leads only to disaster. Eventually, the cheater gets caught, and the later he/she gets caught, the worse the consequences. Students have been dismissed from school because they didn't get this simple message: Honesty is the ONLY policy that works. Cheating Hurts Others, Too Cheaters often feel invisible, as if their actions "don't count" and don't really hurt anyone. But individual choices have a profound cumulative effect. Cheating can spread like a disease, and a cheater can encourage others just by being seen from across the room. Recent statistics suggest 30% or more of college students cheat. If a class is graded on a curve, cheating hurts others' grades. Even if there is n curve, cheating "poisons" the classroom, and others may feel pressured to join in. ("If I don't cheat, I can't compete with those who do.") Cheating also has a destructive impact on teachers. The real reward of good teaching is seeing students learn, but ⑧.a cheater says, "I'm not interested in what you're trying to teach; all I care about is stealing a grade, regardless of the effect on others." The end result is a blatayour education. Finally, cheating can hurt the reputation of the and destructive attack on the quality of University, and harm those who worked hard for their degree. Why Integrity Matters If cheating becomes the norm, then we are in big trouble. ⑨.We must rely on the honesty and good faith of others every day. If not, we couldn't put money in the bank, buy food, clothing, or medicine from others, drive across a bridge, get on a plane, go to the dentist--the list is endless. There are many example of the vast harm that is caused when individuals forget or ignore the effect their dishonesty can have. The savings and loan scandal, the stock market and junk bond swindles, and, of course, ⑩.Watergate, have undermined the faith of many Americans in the integrity of political and economic leaders and society as a whole. Such incidents take a tremendous toll on our nation's economy and our individual well-being. For example, but for the savings and loan debacle, there might be funds available to reduce the national debt and pay for education. In sum, we all have a common stake in our school, our community, and our society. Our actions do matter. It is essential that we act with integrity in order to build the kind of world in which we want live. 1. A person of integrity not only sets high moral and ethical standards but also _______。
2020年大学英语四级考前押题卷及答案解析完整版
【高分版】Nothing Succeeds Without a Strong Will
As we have read from above, quitting-smoking seems easy, but in reality it is rarely achieved. There is something provoking and interesting in this paradox, just because sword does not wear the stone as dripping water does.
C. so that we don’t break any rules.
D. so that we don’t run into trouble.
【答案】A. To ensure we make responsible choices.
【解析】关键词是identify the risks，关键句是Making ethical decisions is a critical part of avoiding future problems. We must learn to recognize risks, because if we can't see the risks we're taking, we can't make responsible choices. 所以答案很明显是A。
2020年大学英语四级考前押题卷及答案解析完整版
Part I Writing
【标准版】Nothing Succeeds Without a Strong Will
2020年12月六级考试押题卷- 试卷(二)
大学英语六级考试标准预测（一）Part I Writing (30 minutes) Directions: For thi,s part, you are allo w ed 30 minutes to write an essay commenting on "Nothing c a n b e done without confide11ce". You should write at le四应words but叩more than型words.Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes) Section ADirections : In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions,will be spoken only once. After youhear a question , you must choose the best arzswer from the four choices marked A) , B) , C)and D) . Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through thecentre.Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.1.A) She didn't call the rental agency in time.B)She didn't remember the thing at all.C)She was too busy to call the rental agency.D)She lost the number of the rental agency.2.A) Depressive.C)Disappointed.B)Angry.D)Sad.3.A) Drive the car of her family.C)T ry to call another rental agency.B)Borrow a car from her friends.D)Rent the school bus of her campus.4. A) It is difficult to check the bus schedule.B)There is no bus line leading directly to the zoo.C)There wouldn't be enough space for all kids.D)It's not easy to supervise the kids on the bus.Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.5.A) She need to attend all the required classes in her department and find a job.B)She need to meet the requirements for graduation and hand in the fonn. on time.C)She need to have internship experience and hand in the internship report on time.D)She need to take the class of International Banking II and pass the examination.6. A) Because the requirements for g raduation have changed.B)Because she has no idea how to finish this fonn.C)Because the requirements for graduation are not clear.D)Because she can't remember the related infonnation.7.A) To attract more international students to the program.B)To reflect the growing importance of international business.六级标准预测（一）第1页（共70页）C)To make the graduation more difficult.D)To give students a stronger background in mana gem ent.8.A) The curriculum now includes more courses in Engl ish.B)The new rules apply to all the students in the scho ol.C)International Banking D is a required class now.D)The reference letter is necessary fo r graduation.Section BDirections : l几this section, yo11, will hear two pas sages. At the end of eac h p as sa ge ,y o u will hea r thr ee or fo ur question s. Both the passag e and the q ues tiorz s Wl ·u be spo ken on ly o邓e.Aft e r y o u he ar a ques t io几，you皿1s t choos e the best an sw e r from the f our cho比es m ar ked A), B), C)a叫D). Then markthe corr espo叫in g lette r on Answ er S hee t 1 with a sing le line thro ug h the cent r e.Questio ns 9 to 11 are based on the passage you have just heard.9.A) To make the civilians laugh.C)To am use the anc ien t gov ern ors.B)To perform the sacred ritual dance.D)To sca re bad per son.10.A) Clowns were comm on in thea ter and played fo olish character.B)Clo吓s were responsible for training animals.C)Clowns were introdu c ed to Europe by American circuses.D)A happy clO\m appeared in commercial advertisements.11.A) To show that clmms were really suc c essful and popular.B)To reveal the truth that clown is a low paid job.C)To show the miserable, tough lives of clowns.D)To indicate that the clown character is not necessarily good.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.12.A) Because most of them focus on their health.B)Because most of them have health insurance.C)Because the medical conditions of South Korea are good.D)Because most of them have higher blood pressure.13.A) South Korea.C)Japan.B)France.D)Spain.14.A) Australia, Switzerlan d, Canada a nd the Netherlan ds.B)South Korea, Japan, Spain and Canada.C)Switzerland, Canada, Australia a nd Japan.D)France,Americ a, Sloveni a and t he Nether lan ds.15.A) Because Americans focus on preventi ve care.B)Because Americans don't like do sporting.C)Because American s have an obesity epidemic.D)Because Americans have n o health insurance.Section C． Directions: In th· ．is secti on ,y ou wi ll he ar th ree rec ord in gs o f lec tur e s or tal ks fol low ed by thr e e or f o u rques tion s. The reco rdin gs will be p lay ed o nly onc e. A the bes t an swe r fro m the fou r cho ices ma rke d A fi e r y o u he ar a q亚stio n, yo u must c ho o secorr espo nd ing lette r on A1i swe r. She et 1 with, B) ,C) and D) .The几mark加a si n g le li n e th ro u g h th e ce n tr e.六级标准预测（一）第2页（共70页）16.A) Its p rospe ct is broa d.C)It is clean.B)Its cost is low.D)It is easy to get.17.A) Becau se ele ctrici ty is clo sely t ied w ith pe ople's life.B)Beca us e ele ctric ity is rene wabl e en ergy. ·C)Becau se ele ctricit y offe rs rel iable return s.D)Becau se ele ctricit y is enviro nment ally fri endly.18.A) Its pri ce go es hig her a nd hi gher.C)It is not accessible easily.B)It is non-rene wabl e.D)It lowers the price of power. Question s 19 to 22 ar e based on the reco rding yo u have j ust hear d.19.A) Shipme nts of g oods fro m China.C)The seeds from ash trees.B)Detection trees.D)The invasion of the emerald ash borer.20.A) To Michigan.C)To M ary land.B)To China.D)To Canada.21.A) T I ho c ear up t e eggs of msects.C)To look for the signs of insects.B)To help trees deliver water.D)To prepare for cutting down trees.22.A) Collect ash tree seeds for experiment.B)Preserve the healthy ash tree seeds.C)Set up a new seed bank for research.D)Develop a new breed of ash tree.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the recording you have just heard.23.A) What adjustments will move the gauge in the desired direction.B)What words they should remember.C)The reason why they walk on the treadmill.D)The way they walk influences the direction of the gauge.24.A) Bouncy gait.C)Slumped·shoulders.B)Hunching.D)Chest down.25.A) To encourage people to do more exercises and activities.B)To suggest people remembering as many as positive words.C)To show that p eople can chan ge their state b y changing gait.D)To preven t people fr om having de pression.Pa rt ill Section A Reading Comprehension (40 ． mi nu tes)Directions : In th氐section,there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the p心sagethrough carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a lette r.Please mark the corresponding letter for each item o几Answer Sheet 2 with a single line throughthe centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than on ce.The social network will let users "m ute" message s from other user s on their timel ines without the muted person's knowledge, thereby avoid i ng the _埜—process of having to unfollo w (取消关注），or put u p w ith, yo u r_笣_talkative IRL friends. Twitter rolled out new --1§_ to let users better manage the deluge （泛滥）of twe ets th ey rec eiv e.Us er s can n ow "mule" people they follow, removing those peop le's hveets and retw eets from their ow n六级标准预测（一）第3页（共70页）29 . It's a ste alt hy wa y to rea d le s s timel ines. The mute d person won't kno w tha t he or sh e has been -·1 be muted o r _lQ__ at a ny content fr om certain users without having to u nf ollo w the m. A pers on can eas i Ytime, Twitter said in a blog post. "Mute gives you even more __]_!_ over the content you see on Tw itte r by lett ing yourem ove a u ser 's content from key parts of your T面tter experience , " the com pan y said. 1tannounce d that m uting will Thoug h Twitte r had been experi mentin g with the feature in recent weeks ,as we ll as th e Tw itt er. c om we bs ite .be _竺_to all users of the company's 10S and Android apps , Th f e eature 1s part of Twitter s 33 strategy to ma k e i ts ser vic e mo re acc ess ibl e t o a wid er ran g e o f 'k has tumb led in recen t mont hs as people. Following a successful initial public offering, Twitter s stocinves tors worry abou t the socia l ne t work 's 34 to attrac t new users . CEO Dick C o Sl o l o _竺—th at·t o u nde rsta nd and man age .Twitter would make changes to its interface this year to make it easierA)ability I)feature B )accepted J)generally C )available K)overall D)awkward L)silenced E)characters M)unfollowed F)control N)unmuted G)embarrassment O)vowedH)extremely Section BDirections• / . n this sectwn , you are going to read a passage with te 几statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Eachparagraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questio 心by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2. How Diversity Training Infuriates Men and Fails Women [A ]Decades before A nita Hill, Gretche n Carlso n or #M eToo, Americ an compan ies dreamed up "diversi t y t raining " , typical ly a course that lasts an Y'vhere from an hour to a couple o f days , with the goal of wipin g out biases agains t wome n and others from under repres e nted group s. For most of its histo ry,diversity training has been pretty much a cudgel, poundin g I· w 11te men into submi ssion with a m i x of finger-wagging and guilt-mongering.[ B J The first train ing progr ams su rf aced in the 1950s, after men return ed f r om W orld w ar II and w e r e app a l led and perp lexe d to fi nd women in tl 1eir o f fice s. A fter the pass age of the Civ i l R ight s Act of 1964,the trainin g took on m ore urge ncy . Wit hin a de cad e, it had mor phe d into a k nee -jer k respon se to le gal action s, after a serie s of hig h-profi le sex di scrimi nati on suits , includ i ng on e by the w omen of NewS1v eek maga z ine, who were stran d ed (使滞留）i n a pin k ghett o. "W want to be a面ter,go some plac e e lse , " th e bo ss es to ld th em 46 women who sued. omen don't write at News week . If you , accor ding to L y nn P ovich, one of t h e [ C]B y the time I enter e d the wor kf orce in th e 1980s , the N, 彻swee k suit and others like it一led b y wo me n at TIME, the Associa ted P ress and the New Yor k T i m es 一wer e mos tly fo rgot ten . Div ersi ty trai nin g ha d taken . a backse at too. I don 't recall ever hearin g the h P rase unt il the 1990s. B y the n , it had b e en reconstituted as a feel-good exerc ise · m co ns c10u sn es s-ra is in g. W h· . . . b .' 1te men were told they should in clu d e wom en and mmo nhes ecau se 1t s the right ,thin g to do. I t was all about the impo rtan c e of mclus10n.六级标准预测（一）第4页（共70页）[ D]But here's the thing abou t cl'·1vers1ty training: it doesn t work. H darvar orgamzat10nal soc10logy professor F rank Dobbin and others have since delved into why such programs have failed. D obbin combed through thousands of data· pomts and found that for white women and black men and women m management pos1llons, 1t actually made things worse. That'. s right: companies that introduced diversity tr aining would actually employ more women and black men today if they had never had diversity training at all. He singled out three situations i n which tra ining is doomed to fail: when it's mandatory; when it so much as mentions the law; or when it is specific to managers, as opposed to being offered to all employees. Unfortunately, he found, about 75% of finns with diversity-training program s fall i nto at least o ne of t hose c ategori es.[ E]Perhaps more to the point is the fact that the training infuriates (激怒）the people it's intended to educate: white men. "Many interpreted the key learning point as having to walk on eggshells around women and minorities—choosing words carefully so as not to offend. Some surmised (猜测）that it meant white men were villains, still others assumed that they would lose their jobs to minorities and women, while-others concluded that women and minorities were simply too sensitive," executives Rohini Anand and Mary-Frances Winters noted in a 2008 analysis of diversity training in the Academy of Management Learning & Education.[ F]Training done badly can also damage othenvise cordial relationships. Women and minorities often leave training sessions, thinking their co-workers must be even more biased than they had previously imagined. In a more troubling development, it turns out that telling people about others'biases can actually heighten their own. Researchers have found that when people believe everybody else is biased, they feel free to be prejudiced themselves. In one study, a group of managers was told that stereotypes are rare, while another group was told that stereotypes are common. Then both groups were asked to evaluate male and female job candidates. The managers who were told that stereotypes are common were more biased against the women. In a similar study, managers didn't want to hire women and found them unlikable. The evidence is damning.[ G]Yet companies continue to invest heavily in diversity training spending, by one estimate, almost $8 billion a year. It has led to what the Economist dubbed "diversity fati gu e". In a recent article, the magazine suggested that 12 of the most terrifying words in the English lan gu age are: I'm from human resources, and I'm here to organize a diversity workshop.[ H]Now companies are searching for more effective, less infuriating alternatives. Take tech firms, which have come under fire for being among the worst offenders when it comes to bias. The irony is that they have also been al the forefront of devising new ways to combat it.[ I]Can they tum around a culture where sex.i sm has not only been tolerated but in many cases celebrated?I sat down with Brian Welle, director of people, analytics at Google, who is tasked with helping leadthe latest trend: unconscious-bias training.[ J]We all have prejudices buried so deeply inside of us that we do n't know the y exist. Unconscious-b ias training is supposed to arm employees with the tools they need to recognize it and neutralize these prejudices. His role, Welle told me, was to ensure that "every decision we made, from hiring to promotion to pay to perf onnance, didn't have an unintended bias " against women or other underrepre sented groups. Welle seiz ed on an i nsight that has prove d to be key for anyone w ho is try ing to wipe out hid den biases: if we b elieve that ev eryone around us is tryin g hard to fight against those stereotype s and prejudices, we'11 do the same. Call it peer pressure, or call it a pack mental ity.Wha teve r it is, it wo rks. Our own bia ses disa ppea r.[ K]Welle an d his team ultimately developed a workshop for Google employee s that strives to mimic those condition s. In a typical session, he explains the scien ce, so that employee s can unde rstan d t hat yes,六级标准预测（一）第5页（共70页）we're all biased, and yes , we're all trying to fi ght it, an d do n't wo rr y, it is n't yo ur fa ul t. H e fo cuse s on fo ur way s to " i nter rupt " bias , all of whic h boil dow n to one wor d: awa ren ess . He encou rages empl oyees to us e con sisten t crit eria to me 邸ure succ ess an d to rel y on da ta rat he r th an on gut reac tions when evalua t ing others. He urges them to notice ho w the y rea ct to su btl e cu es. Fi na l l y,he encourage s employees to call out bias when they see i t, ·ev en if th e cu lp rit 1s th ei r ow n bo s s . [ L ]T o b e sure, uncon sc10u s-b ias traini ng isn t a cure-all. La st year, a male Goog le engin eer penn e d an anti-divers ity "manifesto " protestin g such efforts , and later ca lle d th e fir m 's tr ai nin g "j us t a lo t of shaming". The company fi red him—and he hit back in January , suin g Goo gle for d1scnm rnal l on aga inst cons erva tive whit e male s.. Goo gle is also figh ting U. S . Dep artm e nt of Lab or allegati ons (指控）of "e x trem e" und erpa y men t to fe mal e G oogl e em ploy ees, whi ch the com pan y de n ies.36.By the 1990s div ersity train ing h ad become a cons cious ness -enh ancin g exerc ise .37.In its histo ry, dive rsity train ing usua lly force s whit e m en lo subm it by accu sing them and mak in g t h em feel guilty.38.F d"·h d or som e re as on, 1vers1t y trainin g does not ave esired effect, somet imes even get an opposi te result.39.Accordin g to L ynn Povi ch's boss, women cannot contribu te articles at Newswee k.40.Many people interpre t the key learnin g point in diversit y training as taking care in getting along wit h women an d minorities, and choos ing words in commu nication to avoid offending them.41.Of course, unconscious-bias training is not a panacea.42.Welle encouraged his em ployees to judge others with data rather than personal pr eference.43.Bad diversity training can do harm to former good relationship.44.What is ironical is that companies badly accused of prejudice such as tech companies have also be e n leading the trend in combating bi as .45.It is proved that peer pressure is important in the elimination of hidden biases.Section CDirections : Th e re are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is follow ed by some questions or unfinishe d stateme nts. For eac h of t hem the re are f our cho ices ma rked A ) , B) , C) and D) . You sho uld decide on the best ch oice a nd ma rk the corre spond ing letter on An swer Sheet 2 wit h a single line through the centre.Passage OneQu e stions 46 to 50 are ba s ed on the following passag e .If you are over 20, look away n ow. Your cogni tive per forma nce is probably already on the 亚.The speed with which people c an proce ss inform ation declines at a stead Y rate from as e arly as their 20s.A common test of processing speed is the "digit sy m bo l s ub st itu tio n te st"· , m whic h a rang e of sy mb o ls are paired with a set of numbers in a code. Participan ts are sh o wn the cod e, give n a r ow of s ymb o ls and then aske d to write dow n the corre spon ding num ber in the bo x belo w with in a set period. There is not h i ng cogn iti vely chal leng i ng a bout t h e tas k ; leve ls of educ ation mak e no d i ff eren ce t o per form an ce. But a ge do es .Speed consistently declines as people get older.Why th is should be is sti l l a matter of hypoth e sis, but forward. One points the finger at myelin (锐磷脂） a rang e of tent ativ e exp lana tion s h as be e n pu t , a whit e, fatty sub that carry signals from one neuron to another. sta nce that coats axons, the tend rils St ea dy re du ct io ns · do wn these connections. Another possibil ity m m ye li n as p eo p le ag e m ay b e sl ow i ng , sa ys T im ot h y S al th ou se ,Laboratory at the Universi ty of Vir ginia, is depletio n of dire ctor o f the C ogniti ve Ageing a che mic al call ed d • decline in number with advancing age. op amm e , re cepto r sites for w hic h Fort u nate ly , ther e 1s som e good new s to go with the bad . Psy chol o gists distin g uish betw een "fl u id六级标准预测（一）第6页（共70页）intelligence" , which is the ability to solve new problems, and "crystallised intelligence" , which roughly equates to an individual's stock of accumulated knowledge. These reserves of knowledge continu e to increase with age: people's performance on vocabulary and general-knowledge tests keeps improving into their 70s. And experience can often compensate for cognitive decline. In an old but instructive study of typists ranging in age from 19 to 72, older workers typed just as fast as younger ones, even though their tapping speed was slower. They achieved this by looking further ahead in the text, which allowed them to keep going more smoothly.What does all this mean for a lifetime of continuous learning? It is encouraging so long a s people are learning new tricks in (印11iliar fields. " U learning can be assimilated into an existing knowledge base, advantage tilts lo the old," says Mr Salthouse. But moving older workers into an entirely new a rea of knowledge is less likely to go well.46. What does the underlined word "wane" (Line 1, Para. l) mean?A)Raise.C)Promotion.B)Disappearance.D)Decline.47.Why does speed which people can process information consistently decline as people get older?A)Because myelin increases with age.B)Because the reserves of knowledge decline with age.C)Because dopamine depletes gradually with advancing age.D)Because the ability to solve new problem disappeared.48.Which of the following statement is hue according to the passage?A)"Fluid intelligence" roughly equates to an individual's stock of accumulated knowledge.B)"C ry stallised intelligence" is小e ability to solve new problems.C)"C ry stallised intelligence" continues to increase with age.D)"Fluid intelligence" continues to increase with age.49.What's the author's attitude lowards a lifetime of continuous learning?A)Against.C)Disagree.B)Supportive.D)Nonsense.50.What does this passage mainly talk about?A)People's cognitive performance is probably already on the wane at 20s.B)"Fluid intelligence" is impo11anl f o r people.C)People should face the reality that "crystallised intelligence" declines with age.D)Old people's experience can often compensate for cognitive decline.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.China's economy grew at a healthy pace in the fi江st three months of this year, propelled by st r ong household spending and heavy government investment in infrastructure.It was also helped-albeit much more modestly一by a factor that could exacerbate the count r y's tense relations with Washington: China is selling a lot more to the United States, and its purchases from America aren't keeping u p.China's National Bureau of Statisti cs announce d in Beijing on Tuesday morning that the economy had expanded 6. 8 per cent in t he first qua rter com pared wi th the sa me quarter last year. That was well ahead of the govern ment's targ et of 6. 5 perce nt gro wth fo r the entire year.The coun try's quartcrly growth fi驴re has become so smooth and predictab le in recent years that economists gener ally look for other w ays to跁啤Chi na's econom ic health. One of those is tr ade, which at六级标准预测（一）第7页（共70页）th e la s t d e ca de it ha s b e e n fa r e cl ip se d in one tim e was a major driv e r of Chin e s e growth , tho ugh ov e r importan ce by Chinese investmen t and househ o ld sp e nding .Th e late s t fi gu r e s s how e xpor t s to th e Uni ted Stat e s are gr o win g c o nsi de rab ly fa s t e r tha n Ch ina 's purc h ases of Ame rican good s . Pres id e nt Trum p had claim ed t o imp ose $ 150 billi on i n tariff s o n Ch ine s e prod ucts . T h e trad e figu r e s pr e se nt a mi xed pictu r e of h ow pai nfu l tho s e tari ff s c o u ld b e for Chi n a. Ov e r all , t rade i s not as impor tant to Ch ina's economy a s it w as a d e cad e ago , s ugge S t m g the c o untry could b e tt e r we athe r a t rad e fight. But th e data also s ugge s ts China's e xpor ts to the Un ite d Sta t es , s p e cifi cal ly, hav e be c om e more valuab le to China s econom y a s 1t i n creasin gly mak es most 一or ev e n all 一of th e part s that go insi de what it sell s abroad. 51.Which of the followi ng i s NOT the r e ason for China's e conom ic gr o wth ?A)Household spending.B)G o vernm e nt inv e stment in infrastructur e .C)Mor e exports t o the United States.D)High imports.52.What pro bably cou ld exac e rbate the country's tense r elation s with Am e ri ca ?A)China's developm e nt.B)China's l e ss imports from and more e xport s to America.C)A · m e nc a sde clmmg e conomy.D)China's e conomic polici e s.53.Which word can replac e th e und e rlined word "gauge" (Line 2, Para. 4)?A)Improve.C)Measure.B)Protect.D)Und e restimat e .54.According to the economic s ituation now, w hat ,vill China probably do next ?A)China will increas e the inv e stment in educat i on.B)China will sell mor e things to America.C)China's prime minist e r will visit America .D)China will not trad e with Am e rica.55.What's the main idea of the passag e ?A)The t e ns e r e lations b e tw e en China and America.B)Am e rica is developing faster than China.C)China's e conomy gr e w faster th e s e months.D)Chin a' s incr e asmg mv e stm e nt in infrastructure.Part IV Translation (30 minutes) Directi ons : 几r this p art , you are a llowed 30 minute s to translat e a p as sa ge fr o m Chinese into En g lish. You should wri t e your answer on Answe r Shee t 2. 中国共有八大苤巠(cu isin e), 包括辛辣的川菜和清淡的粤菜。
2020年12月英语四级试题及解析答案
2020年12月英语四级试题及答案四级听力：News report 1A poisonous fish which has a sting strong enough to kill a human is invading the Mediterranean, warned scientists. The International Union for the Conservation of Nature (UICN) has raised concerns after the poisonous fish was spotted in the waters around Turkey, Cyprus and the eastern Mediterranean. Native to the South Pacific and Indian Ocean, the potentially deadly fish has poisonous hooks and a painful sting capable of killing people. Although fatalities are rare, the stings can cause extreme pain and stop people breathing. The fish, often known as Devil Firefish, is a highly invasive species. And environmentalists fear its arrival could endanger other types of marine life. After being spotted in the Mediterranean, a marine scientist says, “The fish is spreading, and that’s a cause for concern.”Q1: What is reported in the news?Q2: What is the environmentalists’ concern of the spread of Devil Firefish in the Mediterranean?四级听力：News report 2【Q3】Almost half the centre of Paris will be accessible only by foot or bicycle this Sunday to mark World Car-Free Day. 【Q4】This is inresponse to rising air pollution that made Paris the most polluted city in the world for a brief time. Mayor Anne Hidalgo promoted the first World Car Free Day last year. Hidalgo also has supported a Paris Breathes Day. On the first Sunday of every month, Paris clears traffic from eight lanes of the main road. About 400 miles of streets will beclosed to cars. It is expected to bring significant reduction in pollution levels. “Last year’s car-free day showed a 40% drop in pollution levels in some parts of the city, according to an independent air pollution monitor”, reports the Guardian, “and some levels dropped by 50% in the city centre.”Q3: What will happen on World Car Free Day in Paris?Q4: What motivated the mayor of Paris to promote the first World Car Free Day in her city?四级听力：News report 3A Philippine fisherman was feeling down on his luck when a house fire forced him to clear out his possessions and change locations. Then, a good luck charm that he had kept under his bed changed his life.The unidentified man had fished out a giant pearl from the ocean when his anchor got stuck on the rock while sailing off a coastal island in the Philippines ten years ago.When he was forced to sell it, the shocked tourist agent at Puerto Princesca told him that the 77-pound giant pearl that he had kept hidden in his rundown wooden house was the biggest pearl in the world, which was valued at £76 million.The pearl of Allah, which is currently on display in a New York museum, only weighs 14 pounds. That is five times smaller than the pearl that the fisherman just handed in.The monstrous pearl, measured at 1 foot wide and 2.2 feet long, is going to be verified by local experts and international authorities before hopefully going on display to attract more tourists in the little town.Q5: What happened to the Philippine fisherman one day?Q6: What was the fisherman forced to do?Q7: What did the fisherman learn from the tourist agent?四级-Conversation 1WOMAN: Mr. Smith, It’s a pleasure meeting you!Man: Nice to meet you, too. What can I do for you?WOMAN: Well, I’m here to show you what our firm can do foryou. Astro Consultants has branches in over fifty countries, offering different business services. We’re a global company with 75 years of history. And our clients include some of the world’s largest companies.MAN: Thank you, Mrs. Houston. I know Astro Consultants is a famous company. But you said you would show me what you could do for me. Well. What exactly can your firm do for my company?WOMAN: We advise businesses on all matters, from market analysis to legal issues. Anything a business like yours could meet. Our firm offers expert advice. Could I ask you, Mr. Smith, to tell me a little about your company and the challenges you face? That way, I could better respond as to how we can help you.Man: OK, sure. This is a family business started by my grandfather in 1950. We employ just over 100 people. We manufacture an export stone for buildings and other constructions. Our clients usually want a special kind of stone cut in a special design. And that’s what we do in our factory. Our main challenge is that our national currency is rising, and we’re losing competitive advantages to st one produces in India. WOMAN: I see. That’s very interesting. I will suggest that you let us first conduct a financial analysis of your company, together with the analysis of your competitors in India. That way, we could offer the best advice on different ways forward for you.Question 8-11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.Q8: What do we learn about the woman’s company?Q9: What does the man say about his own company?Q10: What is the main problem with the man’s company?Q11: What does the woman suggest doing to help the man’s company?四级-Conversation 2Woman: Wow, congratulations, Simon! The place looks absolutely amazing!Man: Really? You think so?W: Of course. I love it. It looks like you had a professional interior designer. But yo u didn’t, did you?M: No. I did it all by myself with a little help from my brother, Greg. He’s actually in the construction business, which was really helpful.W: Honestly, I’m impressed! I know I can probably repaint the walls in my house over a weekend or something, but not a full renovation. Where did you get your ideas? I wouldn’t know where to start.M: Well, for a while now, I’ve been regularly buying home design magazines. Every now and then, I’d saved the pictures I liked. Believe it or not, I have a full notebook of magazine pages. Since by overall style was quite minimal, I thought and hoped a whole renovation wouldn’t be too difficult. And sure enough, with Greg’s help, it was very achievable.W: Wasn’t it expensive? I have imagined a project lik e this could be. M: Actually, it was surprisingly affordable. I managed to sell a lot of my old furniture and put that extra money towards the new material. Greg was also able to get some discount materials from a recent project he was working on as well.W: Great! If you don’t mind, I’d like to pick your brain a bit more. Johansson and I are thinking of renovating our sitting room, not the whole house, not yet anyway. And we’d love to get some inspiration from your experience. Are you free to come over for a coffee early next week?Q12: What do we learn about the woman from the conversation?Q13: Where did the man get his ideas for the project?Q14: What did the man say about the project he recently completed? Q15: Why does the woman invite the man to her house next week?四级-Section CPassage 1Removing foreign objects from ears and noses costs England almost £3m a year, a study suggests.[Q16] Children were responsible for the vast majority of cases - 95% of objects removed from noses and 85% from ears. Every year, an average of 1,218 nose and 2,479 ear removals took place between 2010 and 2016. According to England's Hospital Episode Statistics, children aged one to four were the most likely to need help from doctors for a foreign object in their nose. Five to nine year olds come to the hospital with something in their ear the most. Jewelry items accounted for up to 40% of cases in both the ears and noses of children. Paper and plastic toys were the items removed next most from noses. Cotton buds and pencils were also found in ears.[Q17]According to the study, the occurrence of foreign objects in children is generally attributed to curiosity. Children have an impulse to explore their noses and ears. This results in the accidental entry of foreign objects. [Q18] Any ear, nose and throat surgeon has many weird stories about wonderful objects found in the noses and ears of children and adults. Batteries can pose a particular danger. In all cases, prevention is better than cure. This is why many toys contain warnings about small parts. Recognizing problems early and seeking medical attention is important.Q16: What does England spend an annual £3m on?Q17: What do we learn from England's Hospital Episode Statistics?Q18: What is generally believed to account for children putting things in their ears or noses?Section CPassage 2Good morning, I’d like to talk to you about my charity ReBicycle. But before that, let me introduce someone. This is Leila Rahimi.She was so scared when she first moved to New Zealand that she struggled to leave the house and would spend days working up the courage to walk to the supermarket for basic supplies.After a few months of being quite down and unhappy, she was invited to join a local bike club. At this time, ReBicycle got involved and gave Leila a second-hand bicycle.[Q19] In weeks, her depression had begun to ease as she cycled. The bicycle totally changed her life, giving her hope and a true feeling of freedom.To date, ReBicycle has donated more than 200 bikes to those in need, and is now expanding bike-riding lessons as demand soars.[Q20]With a bike, you can travel farther but for almost no cost. The three hours a day that used to spend on walking to and from English language lessons has been reduced to just one hour. Our bike-riding lessons are so successful that we are urgently looking for more volunteers. Learning to ride a bike is almost always more difficult as an adult, and this can take days and weeks, rather than hours. So, if any of you have some free time during the weekend, please come join us at ReBicycle and make a difference in someone’s life.Q19: What did ReBicycle do to help Leila Rahimi?Q20: What is ReBicycle doing to help those in need?Q21: What do we learn from the passage about the ReBicycle?Passage 3Thanks to the International Space Station we know quite a bit about the effects of low gravity on the human body, but NASA scientists want to learn more. To that end, they have been studying how other species deal with low gravity, specifically focusing on miceThe results are both interesting and humorous.The scientists first send some mice in a specially designed cage to the International Space Station. The cage allowed them to study the behavior of the mice remotely from Earth via video. As you noticed in the video, the mice definitely seem uncomfortable at the beginning of the experiment. They move around clumsily, drifting within the small confines of the cage and do their best to figure out which way is up, but without success. (23) However, it’s not long before the mice begin to catch on. They adapt remarkably well to their new environment and even using the lack of gravity to their advantage as they push themselves around the cage.That’s when thin gs really get wild. The 11th day of the experiment shows the mice are not just dealing with the gravity change but actually seem to be enjoying it. (24) Several of the mice are observed running around the cage walls.The scientists wanted to see whether the mice would continue doing the same kinds of activities they were observed doing on Earth. The study showed that the mice kept much of their routines intact, including cleaning themselves and eating when hungry. (25)Q22: What do Nasa scientists want to learn about?Q23 : What does the passage say about the mice at the beginning of the experiment?Q24: What was observed about the mice on the 11th day of the experiment?Q25: What did the scientists find about the mice from theexperiment?答案新闻1.A. A deadly fish has been spotted in the Mediterranean waters.2.C. It could pose a threat to other marine species.3.B. About half of its city center will be closed to ears.4.A. The rising air pollution in Paris.5.B. His house was burnt down in a fire.6.D. Sell the pearl he had kept for years.7.C. His monstrous pearl was extremely valuable.长对话8.A. It boasts a fairly long history.9.C. It is a family business.10. D. Loss of competitive edge.11. A. Conducting a financial analysis for it.12. D. She is really impressed by the man’s house.13. B. From home design magazines.14. C. The cost was affordable.15. B. She wants him to share his renovation experience with her.短文16. D. Removing objects from patients' noses and ears.17. C. Five- to nine-year-olds are the most likely to put things in theirears.18. D. They are curious about these body parts.19. B. It gave her a used bicycle.20. A. Expanding bike-riding lessons.21. B. It is a charity organization.22. D How animals deal with lack of gravity23. A. They were not used to the low-gravity environment.24. C. They already felt at home in the new environment.25. B. They behaved as if they were on Earth.听力解析本次听力考试文章来源于每日邮报，卫报，Good News Network，BBC 官网等报纸或网站。
2023年12月全国大学英语CET四级真题和答案解析(第二套)
2023年12月全国大学英语CET四级真题和答案解析（第二套）一、阅读理解阅读理解一题目Welcome to the World of Virtual Reality!文章Virtual reality (VR) is a technology that simulates a user’s physical presence in a virtual environment. By wearing a VR headset, users are immersed in a three-dimensional computer-generated world, which can be a realistic representation of an existing location or an imaginary world. Virtual reality has gained popularity in recent years, with various applications in entertainment, education, and healthcare.One of the main uses of virtual reality is in the field of entertainment. VR gaming allows users to experience gameplay in a fully immersive and interactive manner. Withthe help of motion tracking sensors, users can move aroundand interact with virtual objects as if they were in the game themselves. This adds a new level of excitement and realism to gaming, making it a favorite among many enthusiasts.In addition to entertainment, virtual reality has also found applications in the field of education. Virtual realitysimulations can provide students with a more engaging and interactive learning experience. For example, instead of reading about ancient civilizations in a textbook, students can explore virtual ancient ruins and interact with virtual characters from that time period. This hands-on approach to learning helps students retain information better and makes learning more enjoyable.Virtual reality is also being used in healthcare to assist in the treatment of certain medical conditions. For example, VR therapy has been found to be beneficial in the treatment of anxiety disorders and phobias. By exposing patients to virtual environments that trigger their fears or anxieties in a controlled manner, therapists can help them gradually overcome their fears. This technology has also been used in physical rehabilitation, allowing patients to practice movements and exercises in a virtual environment.In conclusion, virtual reality has opened up a new world of possibilities in various fields. Whether it’s for entertainment, education, or healthcare, VR technology offers a unique and immersive experience that can enhance our lives in many ways.答案解析本文主要介绍了虚拟现实（VR）技术的定义和应用。
2011月12月英语四级考试密押卷及答案（2）-1
2011⽉12⽉英语四级考试密押卷及答案（2）-1最⽜英语⼝语培训模式：躺在家⾥练⼝语，全程外教⼀对⼀，三个⽉畅谈⽆阻！洛基英语，免费体验全部在线⼀对⼀课程：/doc/3d1943537fd5360cba1adbde.html /wenkxd.htm（报名⽹址）Part III Listening Comprehension (35 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.11. A) He has decided how to spend his money.B) He wishes he could pay for his daily bills now.C) He has already saved enough money to travel around Africa.D) He has decided to save the money to pay his tuition next year.12. A) Buy the suit in cash. C) Pay in credit card.B) Buy the suit at no discount. D) Draw cash from the account.13. A) The restaurant has been available since Christmas.B) She promises there will be a table available at 7:00C) She is not sure whether there is a table available at that time.D) They’d wait to check if there is any table available on Christmas.14. A) Rock and roll music is her favorite.B) She does not enjoy classical music.C) She rarely listens to popular music.D) She is not interested in rock and roll music.15. A) He was absent from the class. C) He didn’t work hard in the subject.B) The subject is difficult to pass. D) The professor gives poor lectures.16. A) He has his leg broken. C) He parts with his girlfriend.B) He wants to join the party. D) He gets along well with Cathy.17. A) French is easy to learn.B) The man should give up.C) The man should continue with his study.D) The man should talk with his French friends often.18. A) The woman should finish her paper first.B) They should not stop working on the paper.C) He’d like to postpone working on the paper.D) It won’t take long to finish the paper tomorrow.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19. A) Writing a memo. C) Taping some music.B) Watching a film. D) Making a video recording.20. A) She is going to study abroad.B) She is talented in foreign languages.C) She signed up for intensive Japanese.D) She received a recommendation from a foreign university.21. A) He told her about an interesting movie.B) He gave her a good grade in her Japanese class.C) He recorded some tapes especially for her.D) He helped her get into the program.22. A) Mastery of a foreign language. C) Money to pay the extra tuition cost.B) Flexibility and open-mindedness. D) Maturity and common sense.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.23. A) Working overtime as a librarian. C) Meeting with his professors.B) Writing papers for his classes. D) Doing extra work in the chemistry lab.24. A) Do his research on closely-related topics.B) Spend more time in the library.C) Write just one paper for all his classes.D) Drop one of his courses.25. A) She doesn’t need any help. C) He’s already helped her enough.B) She knows he’s very busy. D) He doesn’t know enough chemistry.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.26. A) Animals perform many useful and entertaining jobs.B) Different animals have their own characteristics.C) Animals should be given proper training.D) Animals are very important in the eco-system.27. A) Dogs have a natural instinct to guide the blind.B) Horses have a natural instinct to return home.C) Guide dogs sometimes may not obey their masters.D) Racing horses are less smart than the other horses.28. A) They should not be frightened by wild horses.B) They should not be disturbed by other noises.C) They should understand the horse’s special language.D) They should be very patient and understanding.Passage TwoQuestions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard.29. A) In family life. C) In social contribution.B) In education departments. D) In business world.30. A) Husbands can also breastfeed their children.B) Women and men equally share housework.C) Wives are no longer submissive and obedient.D) Parents have new attitude towards bringing up children.31. A) Changes in children’s rearing. C) Changes in men’s role in family life.B) Changes in men’s and women’s roles. D) Changes in women’s role in society.Passage ThreeQuestions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.32. A) Enjoy family happiness. C) Start his own business.B) Switch to another field. D) Build a house of his own.33. A) He planned to sell it to one of his customers.B) He planned to send it to the carpenter as a gift.C) He planned to fill it with his favorites.D) He planned to send it to his partner.34. A) It was of low quality.B) It was perfect in workmanship and materials.C) It did not satisfy the contractor.D) It was the best of all the houses he had built.35. A) We should focus on the future life. C) We should build our houses in life.B) We should react to life rather than act. D) We should always do our best.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written. Throughout history the basic unit of almost every human society has been the family. Members of a family live together under the same roof, and they (36) _________ the economic burdens of life as well as its affectionate (有感情的) joys. It is the family that has primary (37) _________ for the important task of raising children to (38) _________.The family is not a (39) _________ concept in all societies. In many places it is an extended group that (40) _________uncles, aunts, cousins and in-laws. The head of the family usually has (41) _________ influence in arranging marriages, selecting careers and (42) _________ all the important moves and purchases by any member of the family. Particularly where the society or the state does not give aid and where (43) _________ the responsibilities of the family are greater, this larger group provides better.In many other societies, including most industrialized ones, the “nuclear family”is the basic social unit. (44)___________________________________________________________________, whether natural or adopted. Industrialization and urbanization (45) ___________________________________________________________________ and thus to separate residences as soon as they become wage earners. The small family, with one or perhaps two incomes, (46)___________________________________________________________________.“成千上万⼈疯狂下载。
2020年12月英语四级考试模拟试卷及答案(2)
2020年12月英语四级考试模拟试卷及答案（2）Part II Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)Directions： There are 4 reading passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a singleline through the center.Passage OneQuestions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.There is a difference between science and technology. Science is a method of answering theoretical questions; technology is a method of solving practical problems. Science has to do with discovering the facts and relationshipsbetween observable phenomena in nature and with establishing theories that serve to organize these facts and relationships; technology has to do with tools, techniques, and proceduresfor implementing the finding of science.Another distinction between science and technology has to do with the progress in each.Progress in science excludes the human factor. Scientists, who seek to comprehend the universe and know the truth within the highest degree of accuracy and certainty, cannot pay attention to their own or other people's likes or dislikes or to popular ideas about the fitness of things. What scientists discover may shock or anger people-as did Darwin's theory of evolution. But even an unpleasant truth is more than likelyto be useful; besides, we have the choice of refusing to believe it! But hardly so with technology; we do not have the choice of refusing to hear the sonic boom produced by a supersonic aircraft flying overhead; we do not have the option of refusing to breathe polluted air; and we do not have the option of living in a non-atomic age. Unlike science progress, technology must be measured in terms of the human factor. The legitimate purpose of technology is to serve people in general, not merely some people; and future generations, not merely those who presently wish to gain advantage for themselves. Technology must be humanistic if it is to lead to a better world.21. The difference between science and technology lies in that _____.A) the former provides answers to theoretical questions while the latter to practical problemsB) the former seeks to comprehend the universe while the latter helps change the material worldC) the former aims to discover the inter-connections of facts and the rules that explain them while the latter, to discover new designs and ways of making the things we use in our daily lifeD) all of the above22. Which of the following may be representative of science?A) The improvement of people's life.B) The theory of people's life.C) Farming tools.D) Mass production.23. According to the author, scientific theories _____.A) must be strictly objectiveB) usually take into consideration people's likes and dislikesC) should conform to popular opinionsD) always appear in perfect and finished forms24. The author states that technology itself _____.A) is responsible for widespread pollution and resource exhaustionB) should serve those who wish to gain advantage for themselvesC) will lead to a better world if put to wise useD) will inevitably be for bad purpose25. The tone of the author in this passage is _____.A) positiveB) negativeC) factualD) criticalPassage TwoQuestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.。
2023英语12月四级押题卷
2023英语12月四级押题卷2023年英语12月四级押题卷第一部分：听力理解（共20小题，每小题1分，满分20分）1. A) Participating in a workshop.B) Attending a conference.C) Giving a presentation.D) Taking a vacation.2. A) She's a talented musician.B) She's a successful painter.C) She's a famous writer.D) She's a skillful dancer.3. A) Taking a bus.B) Riding a bike.C) Walking.D) Driving a car.4. A) She's waiting for a phone call.B) She's afraid of answering the phone.C) She's expecting an important phone call.D) She's not interested in answering the phone.5. A) By taking a train.B) By flying.C) By taking a bus.D) By driving a car.6. A) The woman should call the repairman.B) The woman should ask her neighbor for help.C) The woman should buy a new vacuum cleaner.D) The woman should use a broom instead.7. A) She should ask for a refund.B) She should buy a new battery.C) She should return the camera.D) She should find a charger.8. A) She wants to borrow a pencil.B) She wants to have a meeting.C) She wants to study.D) She wants to lend a pencil.9. A) It's a waste of time.B) It's a good book.C) It's a difficult book.D) It's a long book.10. A) The man should take more breaks.B) The man should drink more coffee.C) The man should go to bed earlier.D) The man should exercise more.11. A) They are too expensive.B) They are the best.C) They are overrated.D) They are difficult to find.12. A) She can lend him her notes.B) She is not prepared either.C) She can't help him.D) She will share her notes with him.13. A) He is happy about the news.B) He is worried about the situation.C) He is bored with the lecture.D) He is confused about the topic.14. A) She forgot her passport.B) She missed her flight.C) She lost her luggage.D) She arrived at the wrong airport.15. A) He wants the woman to call the manager.B) He wants to return the jacket.C) He wants to exchange the jacket.D) He wants to buy the jacket.16. A) The man should hurry.B) The man should relax.C) The man should make an appointment.D) The man should find a new doctor.17. A) She needs help finding a book.B) She wants to return a book.C) She wants to check out a book.D) She wants to recommend a book.18. A) She is willing to help the man.B) She is unable to help the man.C) She is happy about the man's success.D) She is upset with the man.19. A) She is planning a trip.B) She is looking for a job.C) She is organizing a party.D) She is starting a new business.20. A) The man should choose a different topic.B) The man should write a shorter report.C) The man should include more details.D) The man should choose a different source.第二部分：阅读理解（共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分）Passage One21. D) Increasing political participation.22. A) Some people feel that their vote won't make a difference.23. B) She thinks it's an essential responsibility.24. C) Promote political engagement among young people.25. A) They tend to have a higher voter turnout rate.Passage Two26. C) Improve the quality of sleep.27. D) Synchronize our internal clock with our surroundings.28. A) A group of participants with delayed sleep phase syndrome.29. B) By avoiding bright light in the evening.30. D) Jet lag and shift work can disrupt our body's internal clock. Passage Three31. D) The negative consequences of having too much choice.32. C) They prefer to have more choices.33. A) People have a harder time making decisions.34. B) They are more likely to regret their choices.35. D) Having a few good choices is better than having many mediocre ones. Passage Four36. A) He met a stranger who reminded him of his father.37. D) It's a way to remember his father.38. C) She didn't want to upset him.39. B) It represents his longing for his father.40. A) It provides a sense of comfort and connection.第三部分：概括大意与完成句子（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）41. C) The negative effects of noise pollution on human health.42. B) Reducing noise pollution to protect human health.43. D) Develop noise-reducing technologies and policies.44. A) Health problems caused by excessive noise.45. B) The importance of raising awareness about noise pollution.46. C) Lowering the volume of their personal electronic devices.47. D) Set a limit on the maximum volume of audio devices.48. A) Actively participate in noise reduction efforts.49. C) The excessive noise levels in public spaces.50. B) Promote the use of noise-canceling headphones in public spaces.第四部分：阅读理解（共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分）Passage One51. C) A man who was dedicated to preserving the environment.52. B) They actively sought out opportunities to help others.53. A) It can have a positive impact on society.54. D) She believes that individual actions matter.55. C) It inspires and encourages others to act.Passage Two56. A) The use of robotics in the field of medicine.57. D) It enables doctors to perform more complex surgeries.58. C) By using advanced imaging techniques.59. B) It allows for precise and minimally invasive procedures.60. D) It reduces the risk of complications and shortens recovery time. Passage Three61. C) The role of sleep in memory consolidation.62. A) The effect of sleep on learning and memory.63. B) The hippocampus and the neocortex.64. D) The information is transferred from the hippocampus to the neocortex.65. C) It helps to solidify and integrate new information.Passage Four66. A) The importance of sleep for brain health.67. D) It is related to brain activity during sleep.68. B) The removal of waste products from the brain.69. C) It can lead to the accumulation of toxic proteins in the brain.70. D) The effects of sleep on brain health are still not fully understood.第五部分：补全短文（共6小题；每小题2分，满分12分）71. D) realizing the importance of taking a break.72. B) it is necessary for creativity and productivity.73. F) individuals can experience burnout and decreased productivity.74. C) recharge and refresh the mind and body.75. E) engaging in activities that bring joy and relaxation.76. A) taking regular breaks can improve focus and concentration.第六部分：完形填空（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）77. B) questioned78. C) foreign79. D) contributed80. A) usually81. B) motivation82. D) involved83. C) correctly84. A) equipped85. D) honest86. B) consequences87. C) confusion88. A) gradually89. B) out90. D) step91. A) features92. D) launched93. B) preferred94. C) access95. A) embarrassing96. D) attractive97. C) despite98. B) prepared99. A) dangers100. D) The effort第七部分：短文写作（满分25分）The Benefits of ReadingReading is an activity that provides numerous benefits for individuals. Whether it is for pleasure, knowledge, or personal growth, reading has a positive impact on our lives. In this essay, we will explore the various advantages of reading.First and foremost, reading is a great source of knowledge. By reading books, magazines, and articles, we can acquire new information and expand our understanding of the world. Reading allows us to explore different perspectives, cultures, and ideas, helping us to become more well-rounded individuals.Furthermore, reading is a great way to improve our vocabulary and language skills. Through exposure to a wide range of words and phrases, we can enhance our communication abilities and become more articulate. Reading also helps to improve our writing skills, as we can learn from the writing styles of various authors.In addition, reading is a wonderful way to relax and reduce stress. Getting lost in a captivating story can transport us to a different world and provide a temporary escapefrom our daily lives. Reading can also help to improve our mental well-being by promoting mindfulness and reducing anxiety.Moreover, reading is a valuable tool for personal growth and self-improvement. There are countless self-help and motivational books available that can inspire and empower individuals to achieve their goals. Reading about the experiences and insights of others can provide valuable guidance and inspiration.Lastly, reading can foster empathy and understanding. By reading about different characters and their experiences, we can develop a greater sense of empathy and compassion. This can help us to better understand and relate to others, ultimately promoting a more inclusive and harmonious society.In conclusion, reading is a beneficial activity that can enhance our knowledge, language skills, and well-being. It offers a wide range of advantages, from expanding our horizons to promoting personal growth and empathy. Therefore, it is important to encourage and prioritize reading in our daily lives.。
2020年12月大学英语四级考试题(二)含答案
18.
A. To charge a small fee on plastic products in supermarkets.
B. To ban single-use plastic bags and straws on Bali Island.
C. To promote the use of paper bags for shopping. D. To impose a penalty on anyone caught littering.
B.Polluted seawaters.
mercial hunting. D.Decreasing birthrates.
B.To look for food. D.To seek breeding grounds.
Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.
B.She wanted to save as much money as possible. D.She wanted to spend more time with her family.
C.One week.
D.Two weeks.
B.Spending Christmas with Australians. D.Learning more about wine making.
B.They helped 15 to 20 people in a bad mood. D.They interviewed people who didn’t say thank you.
B.Most people express gratitude for help. D.People are ungrateful when in a bad mood.
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最牛英语口语培训模式：躺在家里练口语，全程外教一对一，三个月畅谈无阻！洛基英语，免费体验全部在线一对一课程：/wenkxd.htm（报名网址）Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Students’Driving to School. You should write at least 120 words according to the outline given below.1. 目前有不少大学生开车上学2. 人们对此看法不一3. 我的看法Students’Driving to SchoolPart II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.Many with New College Degree Find the Job Market HumblingThe individual stories are familiar. The chemistry major tending bar. The classics major answering phones. The Italian studies major stocking shelves at Wal-Mart.Now evidence is emerging that the damage caused by the sour economy is more widespread than just a few careers led astray (偏离正轨地) or postponed. Even for college graduates —the people who were most protected from the effects of recession —the outlook is rather bleak (黯淡的).Employment rates for new college graduates have fallen sharply in the last two years, as have starting salaries for those who can find work. What’s more, only half of the jobs landed by these new graduates even require a college degree, reviving debates about whether higher education is “worth it”after all.“I have friends with the same degree as me, from a worse school, but because of who they knew or when they happened to graduate, they’re in much better jobs,”said Kyle Bishop, 23, a 2009 graduate of the University of Pittsburgh who has spent the last two years waiting tables, delivering beer, working at a bookstore and entering data. “It’s more about luck than anything else.”The average starting salary for students graduating from four-year colleges in 2009 and 2010 was $27,000, down from $30,000 for those who entered the work force in 2006 to 2008, according to a study released on Wednesday by the John J. Heldrich Center for Workforce Development at Rutgers University. That is a decline of 10 percent, even before taking inflation into account.Of course, these are the lucky ones —the graduates who found a job. Among the members of the class of 2010, just 56 percent had held at least one job by this spring, when the survey was conducted. That compares with 90 percent of graduates from the classes of 2006 and 2007. (Some have gone for further education or opted out of the labor force, while many are still trying very hard to get a job.) Even these figures understate the damage done to these workers’careers. Many have taken jobs that do not make use of their skills; about only half of recent collegegraduates said that their first job required a college degree.The choice of major is quite important. Certain majors had better luck finding a job that required a college degree, according to an analysis by Andrew M. Sum, an economist at Northeastern University, of 2009 Labor Department data for college graduates under 25.Young graduates who majored in education and teaching or engineering were most likely to find a job requiring a college degree, while area studies majors —those who majored in Latin American studies, for example —and humanities majors were least likely to do so. Among all recent education graduates, 71.1 percent were in jobs that required a college degree; of all area studies majors, the share was 44.7 percent.An analysis by The New York Times of Labor Department data about college graduates aged 25 to 34 found that the number of these workers employed in food service, restaurants and bars had risen 17 percent in 2009 from 2008, though the sample size was small. There were similar or bigger employment increases at gas stations and fuel dealers, food and alcohol stores, and taxi and limousine services.This may be a waste of a college degree, but it also displaces (使离开) the less-educated workers who would normally take these jobs.“The less schooling you had, the more likely you were to get thrown out of the labor market altogether,”said Mr. Sum, noting that unemployment rates for high school graduates and dropouts are always much higher than those for college graduates. “There is complete displacement all the way down.”Meanwhile, college graduates are having trouble paying off student loan debt, which is at a median of $20,000 for graduates of classes 2006 to 2010.Mr. Bishop, the Pittsburgh graduate, said he is “terrified”of the effects his starter jobs might have on his ultimate career, which he hopes to be in publishing or writing. “It looks bad to have all these short-term jobs on your résumé, but you do have to pay the bills,”he said, adding that right now his student loan debt was over $70,000.Many graduates will probably take on more student debt. More than 60 percent of those who graduated in the last five years say they will need more formal education to be successful.“I knew there weren’t going to be many job prospects for me until I got my Ph.D.,”said Travis Patterson, 23, a 2010 graduate of California State University, Fullerton. He is working as an administrative assistant for a property management company and studying psychology in graduate school. While it may not have anything to do with his degree, “it helps pay my rent and tuition, and that’s what matters.”Going back to school does offer the possibility of joining the labor force when the economy is better. Unemployment rates are also generally lower for people with advanced schooling.Those who do not go back to school may be on a lower-paying trajectory (道路) for years. They start at a lower salary, and they may begin their careers with employers that pay less on average or have less room for growth.“Their salary history follows them wherever they go,”said Carl Van Horn, a labor economist at Rutgers. “It’s like a parrot on your shoulder, traveling with you everywhere, constantly telling you ‘No, you can’t make that much money.’“And while young people who have survived a tough job market may shy from risks during their careers, the best way to nullify (抵消……的影响) an unlucky graduation date is to change jobs when you can, says Till von Wachter, an economist at Columbia.“If you don’t move within five years of graduating, for some reason you get stuck where you are,”Mr. von Wachter said. “By your late 20s, you’re often married, and have a family and have a house. You stop the active pattern of moving jobs.”1. What do we know about college graduates in the present sour economy?A) They have a positive outlook for the future.B) They remain unaffected by the recession.C) Job prospects for them don’t look good.D) Starting salaries for them have increased.2. According to Kyle Bishop, why can his friends have better jobs than him?A) They graduate at the right time. C) They have obtained higher degrees.B) They have working experience. D) They graduate from better schools.3. What did the study by the John J. Heldrich Center for Workforce Development reveal?A) Graduates starting working in 2010 got higher pay than those in 2006.B) Most of the recent college graduates were lucky enough to find a job.C) More graduates chose to get further education instead of taking a job.D) The starting salary for new college graduates declined in recent years.4. Andrew M. Sum’s study found that in finding a job requiring a college degree, _______.A) good luck was extremely necessary C) area studies majors had a big advantageB) the choice of major was quite important D) recent graduates were more likely to succeed5. According to the author, college graduates’working in places like gas stations _______.A) makes them more down-to-earth people C) may be a waste of their college degreesB) is good to the diversity of the work force D) motivates less-educated workers to improve6. How did Mr. Bishop see the short-term jobs he took?A) They would definitely be the highlight of his resume.B) They might have negative effects on his ultimate career.C) They could land him a good job in publishing or writing.D) They were the only way to pay off his student loan debt.7. Travis Patterson chose to work as an administrative assistant because the job _______.A) offered excellent promotion prospectsB) paid him a relatively good starting salaryC) had much to do with his major psychologyD) helped pay his tuition in graduate school8. Those who do not go back to school may get lower pay and have less chance for ______________________________.9. Till von Wachter suggests young people ______________________________ so that an unlucky graduation date would lose its effect.10. According to Mr. von Wachter, if people don’t change jobs within five years of graduating, they get ______________________________ in their low-paid position.“成千上万人疯狂下载。