研究生英语多维教程熟谙课后题答案
多维教程熟谙课后题答案
Book IIUnit 1A.1.assess the respon sibil ity2.allian ce 联姻3.outcom e4.no more honest or ethica l5.identi ty6.ambigu ous意义含糊的7.tolera ble可忍受的8.partic ipate s参与9.pursui t10.constr uctiv e建设性的B.1.at stake危急关头2.were oblige d被迫3.the climat e of气氛4.feel well-equipp ed to answer such questi ons5.beyond my grasp超出我的理解6.cut back消减，缩短7.otherthan除了8.rise above克服9.care about关心10.is bounde d被包围C.1.incomp etent没有能力2.indulg enceof drivers纵容，爱好3.the floodof migran ts候鸟4.in all three probes探讨ple x 复杂的mechan i sm6.suspen se悬念; engage d战线pas siona te有同情心的; commit ted忠诚的8.tolera nt9.tempte d想要10.interc onnec ted互相联系D.1. A. Judgin g from2. B. in which3. C. and4. D. believ e5. A. is one of/ is that of6. B. must get7. C. likely8. D. unempl oyed9. C. as well as/ and10.B. simple rE. 1.what2.gradua tion3.intend4.gettin g5.eventu ally6.survey7.althou gh8.gradua tes9.transf er10.rise11.attend ing12.instea d13.cause14.becaus e15.attend ing16.below17.failur e18.expect ation s19.confid encecat ionKey to the transl ation from Englis h to Chines e:1.德.汤说过，一切进步，一切发展均来自挑战及由此引起的反应。
分析研究生英语多维教学方案计划教育教程熟谙课后题规范标准答案
,.Book IIUnit 1A.1.assess2.alliance3.outcome4.ethical5.identity6.ambiguous7.tolerable8.participates9.pursuit10.constructiveB.1.at stake2.were obliged3.the climate of4.feel well-equipped5.beyond my grasp6.cut back7.other than8.rise above9.care about10.is boundedC.1.incompetent2.indulgence3.migrants4.probesplex6.suspense; engagedpassionate; committed8.tolerant9.tempted10.interconnectedD.1. A. Judging from2. B. in which3. C. and4. D. believe5. A. is one of/ is that of6. B. must get7. C. likely8. D. unemployed9. C. as well as/ and10.B. simplerE. 1.what2.graduation3.intend4.getting5.eventually6.survey7.although8.graduates9.transfer10.rise11.attending12.instead13.cause14.because15.attending16.below17.failure18.expectations19.confidencecationKey to the translation from English to Chinese:1.德.汤说过，一切进步，一切发展均来自挑战及由此引起的反应。
多维教程熟谙课后题答案(1)
Book IIUnit 1A.1.assess the responsibility2.alliance 联姻3.outcome4.no more honest or ethical5.identity6.ambiguous意义含糊的7.tolerable可忍受的8.participates参与9.pursuit10.constructive建设性的B.1.at stake危急关头2.were obliged被迫3.the climate of气氛4.feel well-equipped to answer such questions5.beyond my grasp超出我的理解6.cut back消减，缩短7.other than除了8.rise above克服9.care about关心10.is bounded被包围C.1.incompetent没有能力2.indulgence of drivers纵容，爱好3.the flood of migrants候鸟4.in all three probes探讨plex 复杂的mechanism6.suspense悬念; engaged战线passionate有同情心的; committed忠诚的8.tolerant9.tempted想要10.interconnected互相联系D.1. A. Judging from2. B. in which3. C. and4. D. believe5. A. is one of/ is that of6. B. must get7. C. likely8. D. unemployed9. C. as well as/ and10.B. simplerE. 1.what2.graduation3.intend4.getting5.eventually6.survey7.although8.graduates9.transfer10.rise11.attending12.instead13.cause14.because15.attending16.below17.failure18.expectations19.confidencecationKey to the translation from English to Chinese:1.德.汤说过，一切进步，一切发展均来自挑战及由此引起的反应。
研究生多维教程熟谙-课文翻译及课后练习答案全本
课文全文翻译Unit1 从能力到责任当代的大学生对他们在社会中所扮演的角色的认识模糊不清。
他们致力于寻求在他们看来似乎是最现实的东西：追求安全保障，追逐物质财富的积累。
年轻人努力想使自己成人成才、有所作为，但他们对未来的认识还是很模糊的。
处于像他们这样前程未定的年龄阶段，他们该信仰什么?大学生一直在寻找真我的所在，寻找生活的意义。
一如芸芸众生的我们，他们也陷入了两难的境地。
一方面，他们崇尚奉献于人的理想主义，而另一方面，他们又经不住自身利益的诱惑，陷入利己主义的世界里欲罢不能。
最终而言，大学教育素质的衡量取决于毕业生是否愿意为他们所处的社会和赖以生存的城市作出贡献。
尼布尔曾经写道：“一个人只有意识到对社会所负有的责任，他才能够认识到自身的潜力。
一个人如果一味地以自我为中心，他将会失去自我。
”本科教育必须对这种带有理想主义色彩的观念进行自我深省，使学生超越以自我为中心的观念，以诚相待，服务社会。
在这一个竞争激烈＼残酷的社会，人们期望大学生能报以正直、文明，，甚至富有同情心的人格品质去与人竞争，这是否已是一种奢望?人们期望大学的人文教育会有助于培养学生的人际交往能力，如今是否仍然适合?毫无疑问，大学生应该履行公民的义务。
美国的教育必须立刻采取行动，使教育理所当然地承担起弥合公共政策与公众的理解程度之间的极具危险性且在日益加深的沟壑这一职责。
那些要求人们积极思考政府的议程并提供富于创意的意见的信息似乎越来越让我们感到事不关己。
所以很多人认为想通过公众的参与来解决复杂的公共问题已不再可能行得通。
设想，怎么可能让一些非专业人士去讨论必然带来相应后果的政府决策的问题，而他们甚至连语言的使用都存在困难?核能的使用应该扩大还是削弱?水资源能保证充足的供应吗?怎样控制军备竞赛?大气污染的安全标准是多少?甚至连人类的起源与灭绝这样近乎玄乎的问题也会被列入政治议事日程。
类似的一头雾水的感觉，公众曾经尝试过。
当他们试图弄懂有关“星球大战”的辩论的问题时，那些关于“威慑”与“反威慑”等高科技的专业术语，曾让公众一筹莫展。
研究生多维英语系列熟谙课后习题部分及答案(UNIT_1-UNIT_6)
UNIT 1A1. Governor Rockefeller was shocked by what happened and appointed a committee to assess the responsibility.2. Oliver Barrett IV and Jennifer started talking about marriage, thinking they were made for each other .But as a banker and a squeamish(太讲究规矩)parent, Oliver Barrett III refused to give his blessing to the proposed alliance .3. One outcome of the rapid advance of technology is the breakdown of the traditional division of labor between the sexes.4. Away from their profession, scientists are inherently no more honest or ethical than other people.But in their profession they work in an arena[ə'ri:nə] n. 舞台；竞技场that puts a high premium on honesty.5. Arthur is captured and visited by Montanelli. Arthur reveals his i dentity to Montanelli, who is delighted to find that he is still alive.6. The wording of the agreement is ambiguous .so both interpretations are valid.7. A lot of the summer jobs available here are only tolerable if you’re young and don’t mind working hard.8. She is isolated from the general problems of society and never participates in any of our discussion.9. The government is selling off the railways, in pursuit of its policy of privatization.10. She criticized my writing but in a way that was very constructive ---I learned a lot from her.B1. The race was her last chance to win a place in the national team so everything was at stake.2. They were obliged to sell their house in order to pay their debts.3. The government needs to find out what the climate of opinion is before it introduces any further changes in the health service.4. Not being a specialist in the subject I don’t feel well-equipped to answer such questions.5. I have failed to pass the examinations again and again. Why is success always beyond my grasp .6. They were forced to cut back production for lack of raw materials.7. We missed the last bus so there was no choice other than to walk home.8. A woman who can rise above克服，超越such disadvantages is clearly exceptional.9. They only care about themselves and the accumulation of their wealth.10. Britain is bounded in the south by the English Channel and Canada bounds the United States on thenorth.C1. I was dismayed at the thought of teaching algebra and geometry—two subjects at which I had been completely incompetent .（否定形式）2. If the hitch-hiker（搭便车）in the US will remember that he is seeking the indulgence of drivers to give him a free ride, and is prepared to give in exchange entertainment and company, and not to go to sleep, he will come across the remarkable, almost legendary, hospitality of the American of the West.3. The countryside was, in fact, famous for the abundance and variety of its bird life, and where the flood of migrants was pouring through in spring and autumn people traveled from great distances to observe them.4. One question that was solemnly studied in all three probes concerned the action of the referee – Did he act in time to stop the fight?5. The human brain is the most delicate and complex mechanism in all creation and it has a lacework of millions of highly fragile nerve connections.6. Telephone may create unnecessary suspense（悬疑，悬念）and anxiety, as when you wait for an expected call the doesn’t come; or irritating delay, as when you keep ringing a number that is always engaged .7. Winners care about the world and its peoples. They are not isolated from the general problems of society. They are concerned. compassionate（ate具有，富有）and committed to improving the quality of life.8. There’s general feeling that the president has been to tolerant of corruption.9. “Did you apply for that job?”—“Well, I was very tempted but in the end I decided not to.”10. The problems of poverty. homelessness and unemployment are all interconnected .UNIT2A1. viability h. workability2. dynamic i. full of vigor3. interim a. transitional4. legacy e. anything received from an ancestor5. retain k. continue to have6. demise n. end7. assume l. undertake8. assure g. make certain9. liquidity d. quality of being changed from assets into cash10. highlight c. draw attention toB1. No matter how good a company is, it is the market’s perception that counts.2. Chief executives are given responsibility and authority and then expected to act independently.3. A number of studies have indicated that effective leadership can make a difference in organizational performance.4. The Internet boom is creating new opportunities for marketing , advertising, and design experts.5. Company leaders can’t expect too severe punishment if their strategies fail to deliver.6. If the company’s financial health is good and its assets sufficient, it can create capital by voting to issue additional shares of common stock.7. It is said that the frequent transitions from cold to warm weather this spring have caused much illness.8. The word dilemma is used to indicate that the fungus is both helpful and harmful in its effects.9. Rivalry in business is seen as an open and fair race where success goes to the swiftest person regardless of his or her social class background.10. The government provides employment and training services for workers, and compensation for those who are temporarily out of work.11. Bely is a whiz at football; he attracts fans of all ages and all races.12. These original documents are invaluable to the company and they should be well preserved.C1. a. The board of directors required that Mr. Brown Justify buying expensive equipment at a time when the company was practicing strict economy.b. The outgoing flow of skills is not the only justification for the failure of the factory.c. Can you prove that your radical actions against them were justifiable ?d. The tourists were justifiably angry about the treatment they had received on the journey.e. I do think that the general manager was quite justified in dismissing his secretary.2. a. The army made a strategic withdrawal and then launched a counterattack against its enemy.b. Asking a management theorist to define strategy is rather like asking a philosopher to define truth.c. Strategics/Strategy is a required course in military academy.d. Can you name some of the internationally famous military strategists?e. By order of the corps commander, the staff officers strategized the military manoeuvre.f. It was not until the war broke out that they realized that the islands were strategically important.3. a. Those who have an advanced university degree or equivalent professional qualifications in the fields of finance banking and business administration are given priority.b. By improving the quality of its products and developing new designs, the firm finally overcame its financial troubles.c. The orphanage received an appreciable contribution from a wealthy German financier.d. Western governments need to reconsider their pledge to finance new reactors for the Ukraine in return for the closure of the Chernobyl power plant.e. Financially ,the joint venture was not as successful as people had expected.4. a. Joan feels resentful that almost every colleague remains indifferent to her pleading.（恳求）b. He obviously resents us and I had presumed it was the English he hated.c. She harbored a deep resentment towards her employer for having denied her a promotion.d. Mr White says resentfully that his wife has spoiled their son by giving him too much money.5. a. Only the conductor can perceive the slightest variation from true pitch in each instrument.b. Many investors had a clear perception of the grave situation in the gulf area and soon decided not to start new projects there.c. The fine shades of color in the painting are hardly perceptible.d. He made a very perceptive comment on campaigns needed to combat juvenile delinquency.e. The commission agent declared that this sample was perceptibly different from the goods supplied.6. a. The wild life in Africa is extremely diverse and therefore two wildlife research institutes have been established there.b. The factory may seek to diversify its products to sell in different markets.c. I think diversity of opinions makes for an interesting discussion.d. Earnings were not affected by the decline because of the company’s recent diversification into other lines.e. The band is going to give a diversified musical program ranging from classical to modern.7. a. Should war break out, innumerous works of art, historical monuments and priceless historical records would be ruthlessly destroyed.b. The destructive tornado resulted in great loss of life and property.C. The destruction cause by the earthquake left thousands of people homeless.d. A destructionist is one who delights in or advocates devastation.e. The navy, in the sea warfare, only sent two destroyers because there were no larger ships ready.f. Have you learnt how to distinguish destroying angel from mushroom?g. As reported in the magazine, Schwarzernegger, a Hollywood star, has become weak and destructible because of his illness.8. a. No manufacturer does not wish to develop its domestic and foreign markets.b. Contaminated foods are not marketable; they provide more damage than nutrition.c. The car dealer markets his cars at competitive prices.d. Mr. Swafford has been appointed as the marketing director of the firm.e. The company is a big marketer specializing in gasoline.9. a. Sound policies and favorable environments are essential to the economic prosperity of any county.b. He tells me that his farm is prospering through good management and an absence of calamities.c. Nepal, an agricultural country, has entered into a prosperous period of industrial growth.d. The cherry-trees along the riverbank are growing marketer; they are bound to bear fruit this year.10. a. English is derived in the main from the common Germanic stock.b. Mr. Olin King is really a workaholic; he must derive much pleasure from his work.c. In my opinion, what he set up was nothing but a derivative theory lacking originality.d. Knowledge of investment and financial markets including derivatives would be advantageous, while excellent communication and influencing skills are essential.UNIT 3A1. pick up d. increase in speed2. toll f. total number of death3. electrify j. make sb very excited and surprised4. sprawl a. spread the limbs about5. legitimate i. acceptable, valid6. transit h. the act of passing across7. implement g. carry out; get done8. accommodate e. adapt9. landscape c. a view of scenery on land10. mobility b. easy movement to a different job1. Unlike Japanese workers, American employees have experienced great job mobility.2. The nation’s highway death toll has increased every year since the invention of the automobile.3. We must update our knowledge and accommodate ourselves to the changing world.4. From the church tower. people can enjoy a very beautiful landscape formed by the two hills and the valley.5. He was reading contentedly with his legs sprawled over the arm of the couch.6. You know yourself better than anyone else; do not undertake that project unless you can implement it.7. Sickness is a legitimate reason for a child’s being absent from school.8. It snowed last night and transit across the icy bridge is so dangerous that the bridge has to be closed for the time being.9. Some railroads once run by steam are now electrified to reduce the pollution and accelerate the speed of railroad transportation.10. People who must drive a lot know the big difference gasoline can make in pick up economy and smooth operation.B1. Hotels and restaurants are an Integral part of the city; without them, the city’s tourist industry could not exist.2. Customers will come back, later in life, when they are better off and want to buy more expensive things.3. One of the most impressive projects he has seen in Pudong is the sprawling airport.4. Mexico City is at an elevation of 7,300 feet; three million vehicles clog its streets and in the thin air; engines release twice as many emissions as they would at sea level.5. By 1988 roughly the same large proportion of blacks as of whites lived in metropolitan areas.6. Heavy floods caused by deforestation have recently led Thailand to ban all logging even though the country depends on timber and its products as an important source of employment and foreign exchange.7. People in the middle class or higher, whether they live in developed or less developed countries, are mostly urban, and they are on the move by car incessantly—as commuters, as vacationers.8. No matter how often we reminded our children, they never cleaned their rooms; the clutter in the room became so bad that we couldn’t even open their door.9. Our university canteen is large enough to accommodate all the students and teaching staff.10. During the Second World War. Many Jewish people in Germany were displaced and murdered.C1. The programs to teach young children enabling skills are now being advocated from coast to coast.(全国各地)2. There can be but little doubt that his ancestors where the great unwashed. (下层民众)3. Many people still revere their late premier though he passed away many years ago.4. There are some legitimate reasons for some scientists to denounce the practice of cloning.5. When Lincoln got his Christmas gift, a video game, he tore up the box to get to the cartridge and popped it into the game machine immediately.6. Short of the President himself, probably on one could have convinced people of the feasibility of his welfare programs.7. Sumo wrestlers are noted for their strength, while fencers, for their nimbleness.8. He bought a bicycle and started to ride to work as he could no longer put up with the constriction of movement in the packed bus.9. The judge pronounced that the accused man was guilty of murder and sentenced him to life imprisonment.10. Until a relatively short time ago, traveling abroad was limited to people who were well off or prosperous business people.EToday it can be said that wheels run America. The four rubber tires of the automobile move America through work and pay. Wheels spin, and people drive off to their jobs. Tires turn, and people shop for the week’s food at the big supermarket down the highway. Hubcaps whirl, and the whole family spends a day at the lake .Each year more wheels crowd the highways a 10million new cars roll out of the factories. One out of every six Americans works at assembling cars. Driving trucks, building roads, or pumping gas, America without cars? It’s unthinkable.But even though the majority of Americans would find it hard to imagine what life would be like without a car, some have begun to realize that the automobile is a mixed blessing. Traffic accidents are increasing steadily, and large cities are plagued by traffic congestion, Worst of all, perhaps, is the air pollution caused by the internal-combustion engine. Every car engine burns hundreds of gallons of fuel each year and pumps hundreds of pounds of carbon monoxide and other gases into the air. These gases are one source of the smog that hangs over large cities. Some of these gases are poisonous and dangerous to one’s health, especially for someone with a weak heart or a respiratory disease.One answer to the problem of air pollution is to build a car that does not pollute. That’s what several major automobile manufacturers are crying to do.But building a clean car is easier said than done. So far, progress has been slow. Another solution is to eliminate car fume altogether by getting rid of the internal-combustion engine. Inventors are now working on turbine-powered cars, as well as on cars powered by steam and electricity. But most of us won’t be driving cars run on batteries or boiling water for a while yet. Many auto makers believe that it will take years to develop practical models that are powered by electricity or steam.UNIT 4A1. a. On a large national scale where the government becomes involved, cooperation is seen as coerciveand destructive rather than voluntary and constructive.b. Political opponents were put into camps during the war and coerced into force labor.2. a. The preoccupation of millions of Americans with status is said to have intensified social stratification in the country.b. The president has been preoccupied with the suffering of the victims since the damaging tornado.3. a. Most surveys find that people are reluctant to place themselves at either the top or the bottom of the social ladder.b. Johnson had a reluctance to agree to their conditions, but he didn’t really have much choice.4. a. Tom changed from a friendly boy into a confused an moody adolescent.b. As children enter adolescence, they begin to demand greater freedom to go where they please, do what they please, and make decisions without parental interference.5. a. The law organized protests and, by implication of opposition.b. What the boss has just said contains implicit approval of your work.6. a. Marriage can be threatened by children who arouse ambivalent between the parents in a variety of ways.b. There are many people, myself among the number, who have a somewhat adolesecnce attitude toward producing off spring.7. a. Both the couple should be responsible for emotional maintenance of the marriage and for raising the children and running the household.b. I’m inclined to share your doubt in regard to the maintainability of the relationship between Dr.Helen Kaplan and her husband.8. a. Young people today are more concerned with self-fulfilment and preserving privacy than those were in 1960s.b. Although party officials give the President their public support, many are saying in private that he may have to resign.9. a. Feelings of patriotism are expressed more clearly an d freely now, but there is little enthusiasm fora return to military conscription during peacetime.b. The exhibition will be of interest to vintage car owners and other motoring enthusiasts.10. a. Drug users develop a tolerance for some drugs, that is they have to take steadily increasing amounts to achieve a given level of effect.b. What these people want is a tolerable existence—more food, better shelter and peace.11. a. According to the statisticians, the estimated number of people afflicted by hunger and malnutrition is about 500 million.b. We spend more on health care than any other nation in the world, yet statistically show that we are not the world’s healthiest nation.12. a. Language makes rational thought possible and enables us to reason, to draw logical conclusions from the evidence of our senses, and to generalize from one event to another.b. It’s unbelievable that Mary, a teenage girl, has learnt to view things with cold rationality.B1. The traditional family with only the husband working can be found most often during the earlier years of marriage when children are being born and cared for.2. The first thing to do in seeking a position is to determine exactly what you want to do, not in terms of a vague objective but with a definite goal.3. Sociologists will manage to find out what lies behind the violence that occurs among affluent families.4. The Rev. Septimus Harding?—Yes, it rings a bell.He’s a character in some novel. I believe, but I can’t remember which one.5. Energy shortage, soaring inflation, rampant unemployment and the threat of war have made adult Americans nervous, and that sense of pervasive worry has been passed on to the nation’s youth.6. The idea of trying to cheat the income tax authorities went against his principles; he had a strong sense of civic responsibility.7. Football fans began lining up early in the morning at the box office to buy cup-tie tickets.8. The chairman gave me a hint that he would like me to think of some ready way of stopping Tom from chiming on the proposal.9. If anyone can think of better course of action, I am open to suggestions.10 . School children brought up in a Western heritage do not know about Shamba Bolongogo.DChildren are now leaving home in late adolescence – an earlier age than in the past. Adolescents are no longer involved in making an economic contribution to the family. In fact , their major economic impact is as consumers, Therefore, the family has little reason to keep the child home as an economic contribution. It is becoming increasingly common for young people to leave home for college or to live with someone else when they become employed. Not only do families have fewer children but they have them in school and out of the home at younger ages than in the past.The most surprising finding with regard to children show a negative impact on marriage due to children. There has been much evidence that children contribute to greater conflict an d uncertainty in a marriage. Studies show that general life satisfaction is highest for People when they are young, married, and childless. Other studies show that American couples with children at home tend to have lower marital satisfaction than those without children. For both men and women, reports of happiness and satisfaction Drop--and don’t rise again until the children are grown and about to leave the nest. UNIT 5A1. You are looking a bit fragile this morning; you must have had too much alcohol last night. A. weak2. As she is allergic to eggs, she cannot eat one without breaking into a rash. B. sensitive3. She still looks weak though her fever subsided after she took some medicine. C. came down4. Relations between the two countries began to deteriorate in 1965. D. worsen5. Economic activity has been organized on the assumption of cheap and abundant oil from the beginning of the 20th century until early the 21st century. B. premise6. Amid the usual sound and fury, the main point may be lost; are the level and structure of pay producing the kind of teachers the country needs? A. In7. The government gave money to people to help buy homes outside of the cities. This system of subsidized housing caused many people to leave urban areas. D. aided8. The farm ministers from European countries scheduled an emergency meeting in Luxeboug in hopes of easing the worldwide ”mad cow” panic. B. fear9. In one secne of Modern Time, Charlie Chaplin was shown trying desperately to keep in time with a rapid assembly line. D. hopelessly10. Owing to an acute lack of lower-income housing, the municipal government is embarrassed by the impressing housing issue. B. grave11. The idea that machines could be made to fly seemed fantastic two hundred years ago. C. eccentric B1. His education in business school has set him up to step into any kind of business and run it.2. She advised John, ”You should not let your child study in a foreign country; she would n’t fit in there.”3. The young lecturer is popular with his students and every student is thankful for his assistance in their studies.4. With the possibility of redundancy in their minds, middle-aged workers have to work harder to holddown their jobs.5. Transnational corporations usually enjoy a wide reputation for fair dealing which they have built up over many years.6. He very much appreciated his chance to study here because of what he had gone through in his childhood.7. Owing to the fact that each family has only one child, the responsibility of looking after the elderly will heavily weigh heavily on the “only child” generation.8. We hoped that trust would be built up among those four parties but it doesn’t seem to be working out that way.9. The ruling party still won the general election although quite a few members had broken away from the Party.10. Failing in the university entrance examination was bad enough, but even worse was the feeling thatI had let my parents down.DIn the world’s rich countries, when you retire at 65 you can expect to live, on average, for another 15 or 20 years. A hundred years ago you would, on average, have been already dead. The late 20th century has brought to many the ultimate gift; the luxury of aging. But like any luxury, aging is expensive .Governments are fretting about the cost already; but they also know that far worse is to come; Over the next 30 or 40 years, the demographic changes of longer lives and fewer births will force most countries to rethink in fundamental ways their arrangements for paying for and looking after older people.In 1990 18%of people in OECD countries were aged over 60. By 2030 that figure will have risen to over 30%. The share of the “Oldest old” (those over 80) . Now around 3%, is set to double. The vast majority of these older people will be consumers, not producers. Thanks to state transfers, being old in developed countries mostly no longer means being poor. The old people will expect decent pensions to live on; they will make heavy demands on medical services; and some will need expensive nursing care. Yet while their numbers are expanding fast, numbers of people at work-who will have to foot the bill-will stay much the same,so each worker will have to carry a much heavier burden.Mass survival to a ripe old age will not be confined to rich countries. Most developing countries, whose populations are now much younger than the developed world’s are starting to age fast.UNIT 6A1. simplicity(朴素) complexity (复杂)2. domestic(驯养的) wild (野生的)3. deficiency(不足的) surplus (过剩的)4. partially(偏袒地) indifferently (漠不关心地)5. heavenly(神圣的) earthly (沉思的)6. deny(拒绝) acknowledge (承认答谢)7. obscurely(晦涩地) obviously/apparently (明显地)8. enlarge(扩大的) diminish (使减小)9. natural(自然的) artificial (人造的)10. constructive(建设性的) destructive (破坏的)B1. ultimately g. in the end2. intricate j. complicated3. encroachment a. act of intruding gradually4. fertility f. fruitfulness5. pointedly b. markedly6. indispensable h. absolutely essential7. legitimate i. that can be justified8. whatsoever c. of any kind at all9. primeval d. relating to the first age of the world10. beneficent e. having good effect1. That primeval ocean, growing in bulk as the rains slowly filled its basins, must have been faintly salty.2. There is no scientific evidence whatsoever to support the view that assisted suicide should be declared acceptable and legal.3. Most people believe that the study of another nation, its society and culture, not only can be fascinating but also beneficent.4. A scientist is apt to think that all the problems of philosophy will ultimately be solved by science.5. Lung cancer is pointedly linked with air pollution in cities with high concentrations of industry and vehicular traffic.6. The brain of a child has evolved to process speech, not intricate written symbols that represent speech.7. The problem that urban sprawl is encroaching upon the unspoilt countryside deserves more attention from the government and the public.8. Language is indispensable to human life because it gives meaning to otherwise random experiences.9. Adolf Berle drew a legitimate conclusion that business people will undermine business itself as well as their own welfare if they break the law.10. Over cultivation and a long period of soil erosion has reduced the fertility of much of the country’s farmland.C1. In short, the National Research Institute of Police Science is responsible for supporting, from a scientific angle, all police activities, especially criminal investigation.2. The reasons for extremely high medical costs are many and can by no means be attributed to inflation exclusively.3. The country is up against drug abuse, one of the most challenging social problems nowadays.4. Martin Luther King was endowed with a graceful and spirit-stirring eloquence and almost all people, black or white, were under the spell of his effective speech I Have A Dream.5. The plan for introducing new technology at the expense of the existing work force will undoubtedly meet with fierce opposition.6. As a charity, the organization provides food and shelter for people in need, regardless of the reasons for their need.7. Allowing for traffic delays, you had better start earlier if you want to catch Flight 818 for New York City.8. All available evidence goes to show that the general was involved in the conspiracy to overturn the government.9. Mr. Harold Rosen, an obstinate man is always acting on his own judgement; nobody can have influence over him.10. Dutch speakers can usually understand German quite well, but strangely enough not vice versa .EThe survival of wilderness- of places that we do not change, where we allow the existence even of creatures we perceive as dangerous-is necessary. Whether we go to those places or not, we need to know that they exist. We do not need just the great public wildernesses, but millions of small private or semiprivate ones. Wilderness can occupy corners of factory grounds and city lots -places where nature。
(完整版)研究生英语多维教程熟谙(正文翻译+课后练习参考答案)
Unit1 从能力到责任当代的大学生对他们在社会中所扮演的角色的认识模糊不清。
他们致力于寻求在他们看来似乎是最现实的东西：追求安全保障，追逐物质财富的积累。
年轻人努力想使自己成人成才、有所作为，但他们对未来的认识还是很模糊的。
处于像他们这样前程未定的年龄阶段，他们该信仰什么?大学生一直在寻找真我的所在，寻找生活的意义。
一如芸芸众生的我们，他们也陷入了两难的境地。
一方面，他们崇尚奉献于人的理想主义，而另一方面，他们又经不住自身利益的诱惑，陷入利己主义的世界里欲罢不能。
最终而言，大学教育素质的衡量取决于毕业生是否愿意为他们所处的社会和赖以生存的城市作出贡献。
尼布尔曾经写道：“一个人只有意识到对社会所负有的责任，他才能够认识到自身的潜力。
一个人如果一味地以自我为中心，他将会失去自我。
”本科教育必须对这种带有理想主义色彩的观念进行自我深省，使学生超越以自我为中心的观念，以诚相待，服务社会。
在这一个竞争激烈＼残酷的社会，人们期望大学生能报以正直、文明，，甚至富有同情心的人格品质去与人竞争，这是否已是一种奢望?人们期望大学的人文教育会有助于培养学生的人际交往能力，如今是否仍然适合?毫无疑问，大学生应该履行公民的义务。
美国的教育必须立刻采取行动，使教育理所当然地承担起弥合公共政策与公众的理解程度之间的极具危险性且在日益加深的沟壑这一职责。
那些要求人们积极思考政府的议程并提供富于创意的意见的信息似乎越来越让我们感到事不关己。
所以很多人认为想通过公众的参与来解决复杂的公共问题已不再可能行得通。
设想，怎么可能让一些非专业人士去讨论必然带来相应后果的政府决策的问题，而他们甚至连语言的使用都存在困难?核能的使用应该扩大还是削弱?水资源能保证充足的供应吗?怎样控制军备竞赛?大气污染的安全标准是多少?甚至连人类的起源与灭绝这样近乎玄乎的问题也会被列入政治议事日程。
类似的一头雾水的感觉，公众曾经尝试过。
当他们试图弄懂有关“星球大战”的辩论的问题时，那些关于“威慑”与“反威慑”等高科技的专业术语，曾让公众一筹莫展。
研究生多维教程熟谙-课文翻译及课后练习答案全本
课文全文翻译Unit1 从能力到责任当代的大学生对他们在社会中所扮演的角色的认识模糊不清。
他们致力于寻求在他们看来似乎是最现实的东西：追求安全保障，追逐物质财富的积累。
年轻人努力想使自己成人成才、有所作为，但他们对未来的认识还是很模糊的。
处于像他们这样前程未定的年龄阶段，他们该信仰什么?大学生一直在寻找真我的所在，寻找生活的意义。
一如芸芸众生的我们，他们也陷入了两难的境地。
一方面，他们崇尚奉献于人的理想主义，而另一方面，他们又经不住自身利益的诱惑，陷入利己主义的世界里欲罢不能。
最终而言，大学教育素质的衡量取决于毕业生是否愿意为他们所处的社会和赖以生存的城市作出贡献。
尼布尔曾经写道：“一个人只有意识到对社会所负有的责任，他才能够认识到自身的潜力。
一个人如果一味地以自我为中心，他将会失去自我。
”本科教育必须对这种带有理想主义色彩的观念进行自我深省，使学生超越以自我为中心的观念，以诚相待，服务社会。
在这一个竞争激烈＼残酷的社会，人们期望大学生能报以正直、文明，，甚至富有同情心的人格品质去与人竞争，这是否已是一种奢望?人们期望大学的人文教育会有助于培养学生的人际交往能力，如今是否仍然适合?毫无疑问，大学生应该履行公民的义务。
美国的教育必须立刻采取行动，使教育理所当然地承担起弥合公共政策与公众的理解程度之间的极具危险性且在日益加深的沟壑这一职责。
那些要求人们积极思考政府的议程并提供富于创意的意见的信息似乎越来越让我们感到事不关己。
所以很多人认为想通过公众的参与来解决复杂的公共问题已不再可能行得通。
设想，怎么可能让一些非专业人士去讨论必然带来相应后果的政府决策的问题，而他们甚至连语言的使用都存在困难?核能的使用应该扩大还是削弱?水资源能保证充足的供应吗?怎样控制军备竞赛?大气污染的安全标准是多少?甚至连人类的起源与灭绝这样近乎玄乎的问题也会被列入政治议事日程。
类似的一头雾水的感觉，公众曾经尝试过。
当他们试图弄懂有关“星球大战”的辩论的问题时，那些关于“威慑”与“反威慑”等高科技的专业术语，曾让公众一筹莫展。
研究生英语多维教程熟谙课后题答案完整版
研究生英语多维教程熟谙课后题答案HEN system office room 【HEN16H-HENS2AHENS8Q8-HENH1688】B o o k I IUnit 1A.1.assess2.alliance3.outcome4.ethical5.identity6.ambiguous7.tolerable8.participates9.pursuit10.constructiveB.1.at stake2.were obliged3.the climate of4.feel well-equipped5.beyond my grasp6.cut back7.other than8.rise above9.care about10.is boundedC.1.incompetent2.indulgence3.migrants4.probesplex6.suspense; engagedpassionate; committed8.tolerant9.tempted10.interconnectedD.1.A. Judging from2.B. in which3.C. and4.D. believe5.A. is one of/ is that of6.B. must get7.C. likely8.D. unemployed 9. C. as well as/ and10.B. simplerE.1.what2.graduation3.intend4.getting5.eventually6.survey7.although8.graduates9.transfer10.rise11.attending12.instead13.cause14.because15.attending16.below17.failure18.expectations19.confidencecationKey to the translation from English to Chinese:1.德.汤说过，一切进步，一切发展均来自挑战由此引起的反应。
研究生多维英语熟谙课后答案-完型
1.When today's high-school seniors are asked what they plan to do after graduation, most say that they intend to get bachelor's degree. They have been told that their generation has only" one way to win" -by getting at least a bachelor's degree, in the hope that it will eventuallv lead to a professional job.In a recent survey of high-school seniors conducted by the National Center for Education Statistics, 85per cent of the respondents said they planned to get bachelor's degree. And，although 20years ago only 45 per cent of high-school graduates went on to college, today 68 per cent actually matriculate (注册)，with the majority enrolling in four-γear or two-year programs designed to allow them to transfer to four-year institutions.According to conventional wisdom, the rapid rise in the number of students attending college is cause for national celebration. But our research suggests that，instead it may be cause for national concern. Why? because for many young people, the "one way to win" paradigm （例子)is not realistic ,given their academic talents and the labor-market projections. Students ranking below the top third of their high-school graduating class too often fail to earn a bachelor's degree if they enroll in college. The cost of such failure--in both dollars and unmet expections-is rising and beginníng to erode public confidence in our system of higher eduation.2. A small family-owned company, Eisai, was one of the original manufacturers of vitamin E, and it maintained a strong research commitment to natural pharmaceuticals. Over the years, it developed drugs for the treatment of cardiovascular, respiratory, and neurological diseases. The company experienced steady. Modest growth, and in 1992 sales reached 197 billion yen and profits approached 13 billion yen. Although it was the sixth-largest Japanese pharmaceutical company . Eisai was a relatively small player in an industry in which global competition was increasing while growth in the domestic market was slowing down.In 1993, Haruo Naito took over as president from his father. Before that, he had chaired Eisai's five-year strategic planning committee. During that time, he had become convinced that the company's focus on the discovery and manufacture of pharmaceuticals was not sustainable for long-term growth against large, global competitors. Two years after becoming president, Naito formulated a radical new vision for Eisai that he called Human Health Care. It extended the company's focus from manufacturing drug treatments or specific illness to improving the overall quality of life. To accomplish that mission. Eisai developed a wide array of new products. And that, In turn, would require broad involvement and commitment. He encouraged innovative activity and created an environment in which employees' efforts wouldbe accepted and rewarded. Soon there were proposals for 130 additional HHC projects and by the end of 1996. 73 projects were under way. Now, the company has moved from sixth to fifth place in the Japanese domestic pharmaceutical industry, and Eisai's customers and competitors view the company as a leader in health care.3. Today it can be said that wheels run America. The four rubber tires of the automobile (move) America through work and pay. Wheels spin, and people (drive) off to their jobs. Tires turn, and people shop for the week's food at the big supermarket (down) the highway. Hubcaps whirl, and the whole family spends a day at the lake .Each year more (wheels) crowd the highways a 10million new cars roll out of the factories. One (out) of every six Americans works at assembling cars. Driving trucks, building roads, or pumping gas, America (without) cars? It 's unthinkable.But even though the (majority) of Americans would find it hard to (imagine) what life would be like without a car , some have begun to (realize) that the automobile is a mixed blessing. Traffic accidents are increasing steadily, and large cities are (plagued) by traffic congestion, Worst of all, perhaps, is the air pollution caused by the internal-combustion engine. Every car engine (burns) hundreds of gallons of fuel each year and pumps hundreds of pounds of carbon monoxide and other gases into the air. These gases are one source ofthe smog (that) hangs over large cities. Some of these gases are poisonous and dangerous (to) one's health, especially for someone with a weak heart or a respiratory disease.One answer to the problem of air pollution is to build a car that does not pollute. That's (what) several major automobile manufacturers are crying to do. (But) building a clean car is easier said than (done). S0 far, progress has been slow. Another solution is to eliminate car fume (altogether) by getting rid of the internal-combustion engine. Inventors are now working on turbine-powered cars, as well as on cars powered by steam and (electricity). But most of us won't be driving cars run on batteries or boiling water for a while yet. Many auto makers believe that it will take years to develop (practical) models that are powered by electricity or steam.4. Children are now leaving home in late adolescence - an earlier age than in the past. Adolescentsare no longer involved in making an economic contribution to the family. In fact ，their major economic impact is as consumers, Therefore, the family has little reason to keep the child home as an economic contribution. It is becoming increasingly common for young people to leave home for college or to live with someone else when they become employed. Not only do families have fewer children butthey have them in school and out of the home at younger ages than in the past.The most surprising finding with regard to children show a negative impact on marriage due to children. There has been much evidence that children contribute to greater conflict an d uncertainty in a marriage. Studies show that general life satisfaction is highest for people when they are young, married, and child less. Other studies show that American couples wit h children at home tend to have lower marital satisfaction than those without children. For both men and women, reports of happiness and satisfaction drop and don't rise again until the children are grown and about to leave the nest.5. In the world's rich countries, when you retire at 65 you can expect to live, on average, for another15 or 20 years. A hundred years ago you would, on average, have been already dead. The late 20thcentury has brought to many the ultimate gift, the luxury of aging. But like any luxury, aging isexpensive .Governments are fretting about the cost already; but they also know that far worse is to come; Over the next 30 or 40 years, the demographic changes of longer lives and fewer births will force most countries to rethink in fundamental ways their arrangements for paying for and looking after older people.In 1990 18%of people in OECD countries were aged over 60. By 2030 that figure will have risen to over 30%. The share of the "0ldest old" (those over 80) . Now around 3%, is set to double. The vast majority of these older people will be consumers, not producers. Thanks to state transfers, being old in developed countries mostly no longer means being poor. The old people will expect decent pensions to live on; they will make heavy demands on medical services; and some will need expensive nursing care. Yet while their numbers are expanding fast, numbers of people at work-who will have to foot the bill-will stay much the same , so each worker will have to carry a much heavier burden. Mass survival to a ripe old age will not be confined to rich countries. Most developing countries,whose populations are now much younger than the developed world's are starting to age fast.6.The survival of wilderness-of places that we do not change, where we allow the existence even of creatures we perceive as dangerous-ís necessary. Whether we go to those places or not, we need to know that they exist. We do not need just the great public wildernesses, but millions of small private or semiprivate ones. Wilderness can occupy corners of factory grounds and city lots-places where nature is given free hand，where no human work is done, where we go only as guests. We go to wilderness places to be restored.to be instructed in the naturaleconomies of fertility and healing, to admire what we cannot make. And we go in order to return with renewed knowledge by which we judge the health of our human economy and our dwellings. As we return from our visits to the wilderness. it is sometimes possible to imagine a series of fitting and decent transitions from wild nature to the human community and its supports; from forest for woodlot(林地) to the agriculture of three crops and pasture to orchard to meadow to garden to household to neighborhood to village to city-so that even when we reached the city we would not be entirely beyond the influence of the nature of that place.There is a strong view that holds that success is a myth, and ambition therefore a sham(假的东西). Does this mean that success does not really exist? That achievement is at bottom empty? That the efforts of men and women are of no significance alongside the force of movements and events? Now not all success obviously, is worth esteeming, nor all ambition worth cultivating. Which are and which are not is something one soon enough learns on one’s own. But even the most cynical(冷嘲热讽的) secretly admit that success exists; that achievement counts for a great deal; and that the true myth is that the actions of men and women are useless. To believe otherwise is to take on a point of view that is likely to be deranging. It is, in its implications, to remove all motives for competence, interest in attainment, and regard for posterity.We do not choose to be born. We do not choose our parents. We do not choose our historical epoch, the country of our birth or the immediate circumstances of our upbringing. We do not, most of us, choose to die; nor do we choose the time or condition of our death. But within all this realm of choicelessness, we do choose how we shall live: courageously or in cowardice, honorably or dishonorably, with purpose or in drift. We decide what is important and what is trivial in life. We decide that what makes us significant is either what we do or what we refuse to do. But no matter how indifferent the universe may be to our choices and decisions, these choices and decisions are ours to make. We decide. We choose. And as we decide and choose, so are our lives formed. In the end, forming our own destiny is what ambition is about.。
研究生多维教程熟谙_课文翻译与课后练习答案全本
课文全文翻译Unit1 从能力到责任当代的大学生对他们在社会中所扮演的角色的认识模糊不清。
他们致力于寻求在他们看来似乎是最现实的东西：追求安全保障，追逐物质财富的积累。
年轻人努力想使自己成人成才、有所作为，但他们对未来的认识还是很模糊的。
处于像他们这样前程未定的年龄阶段，他们该信仰什么?大学生一直在寻找真我的所在，寻找生活的意义。
一如芸芸众生的我们，他们也陷入了两难的境地。
一方面，他们崇尚奉献于人的理想主义，而另一方面，他们又经不住自身利益的诱惑，陷入利己主义的世界里欲罢不能。
最终而言，大学教育素质的衡量取决于毕业生是否愿意为他们所处的社会和赖以生存的城市作出贡献。
尼布尔曾经写道：“一个人只有意识到对社会所负有的责任，他才能够认识到自身的潜力。
一个人如果一味地以自我为中心，他将会失去自我。
”本科教育必须对这种带有理想主义色彩的观念进行自我深省，使学生超越以自我为中心的观念，以诚相待，服务社会。
在这一个竞争激烈＼残酷的社会，人们期望大学生能报以正直、文明，，甚至富有同情心的人格品质去与人竞争，这是否已是一种奢望?人们期望大学的人文教育会有助于培养学生的人际交往能力，如今是否仍然适合?毫无疑问，大学生应该履行公民的义务。
美国的教育必须立刻采取行动，使教育理所当然地承担起弥合公共政策与公众的理解程度之间的极具危险性且在日益加深的沟壑这一职责。
那些要求人们积极思考政府的议程并提供富于创意的意见的信息似乎越来越让我们感到事不关己。
所以很多人认为想通过公众的参与来解决复杂的公共问题已不再可能行得通。
设想，怎么可能让一些非专业人士去讨论必然带来相应后果的政府决策的问题，而他们甚至连语言的使用都存在困难?核能的使用应该扩大还是削弱?水资源能保证充足的供应吗?怎样控制军备竞赛?大气污染的安全标准是多少?甚至连人类的起源与灭绝这样近乎玄乎的问题也会被列入政治议事日程。
类似的一头雾水的感觉，公众曾经尝试过。
当他们试图弄懂有关“星球大战”的辩论的问题时，那些关于“威慑”与“反威慑”等高科技的专业术语，曾让公众一筹莫展。
(完整版)多维英语熟谙课后答案改错
1 Judging from the interest the public took in the matter,there must be quite a few people who secretly believe or hope that this “simple”explanation is the true one.2 According to Time magazine,a conference was held recently in which the participants tried to come up with an appropriate name for the age we live in.3 Creating and maintaining a healthy scientific culture is the aim of science management,and it involves tending to both the intellectual and the institutional conditions of basic resesrch.4 Now there is a lot of quarreling between people who uphold the truth of old weather rthymes and people who are reluctant to believe in them.5 Primarily,the banker-customer relationship is one of/is that of debtor and creditor-who is which depending on whet her the customer”s account is in credit or is overdrawn.6 Teenagers”acceptance of the idea that they must get a college degree stems partyly from the advice they get in high school.7 The Higher Eduacation Institute has found that students with a C average in high school were six times as likely to drop out of college as those with an A average.8 Piling up debts from students loans hurts those who never finish college or who finish but were unemployed.9 However, their ultimates success will require improvements in their academic preparation, as well as changes in the attitudes of parents, high schools and colleges.10 There must surely be many simpler and more effective ways of assessing a person’s true abilities.1. Book publishers find it even harder than Hollywood film producers to come up with new scripts and new stars that catch the public imagination.2. One reason why science is so respected these days is that the image of the scientist is of one who dispassionately collects data in an impartial search for truth.3. Burdened with a population that is aging quickly, eating badly, smoking too much, not taking enough exercise and suffering the consequence, Japan’s national health service is on the brink of bankruptcy.4. During the first year of his coalition government, Mr Jospin who made honesty a central theme of his campaign has appeared repeatedly to have gone back on his word.5. The theatre is mainly concentrated in London, where there are at least forty theatres functioning, and a successful play can continue to run for many months or even years.6. Daniel Yankelovich, a prominent opinion researcher, considers the most distinctive change in American values of the last twenty years to have been an increasing emphasis on the pursuit of self-fulfillment.7. No one would object to seeing these problems solved if the solutions were simple and inexpensive of effort and if we were fully in accord with social goals.8. Faced with rapid change and fear and uncertainty to go with it, individuals as well as nations sometimes seek to return to the ways of the past as a solution.9.The Great Society Democratic coalition was built from the top among the best educated and those most committed to expanding individual rights, and from the bottom among those with the lowest incomes and disadvantaged minority voters who faced widespread discrimination.10. The crowd, anxiously awaiting the arrival of the soccer team, pressed against the fence separating them from the playing field.1：It is absurd to spend more money on highways .the wise solution for overcrowded roads is public transportation.2：Americans have not thought their cities worthy of receiving financial support from the federal government.3:MR.fleming was surprised to see me sitting behind his desk. He gave me a startled look,then smiled and said “I didn’t know you were in town”. 4:His behaviour became more and more unusualuntil,just as his family was on the verge of sending him to a mental hospital,he recovered.5:Cancer of the mouth and throat is more likely to occur in heavy smokers and drinkers than in nonsmokers and nondrinkers.6:When peoper understand the importance of work,they lend their mental strengths But when they get excited about the work,all their energy gets poured into the job.7:Public opinion is still largely unaware of or indifferent to the need to preserve rare species,whether for cultural or for scientific reasons.8:The exponential growth of population and its attendant assault on the environment is so recent that it is difficult for people to conceive how much damage is being done.9:Because migration on a scale large enough to alleviate the pressure is out of the question,there are no other possibilities.10:The fundamental problem is that no one,not doctors,or social workers or even addicts themselves,really understands what it is that drivers a person to addiction.1. Most conservationists believe that humans thrive best in ecological health and that the sign of this health is the survival of a diversity of wild animals.2. Mr. Smith produced abundant evidence to indicate that we, to some extent, diminish ourselves if we diminish nature.3. Many cities in Western countries have switched to a new gasoline formula that reduces the pollution content. This is also true of some cities in China.4. As depicted in a poem written by the English poet Edmund Spenser, nature is not only a mother buta judge, having jurisdiction over and doing justice to all creatures.5. A government study concludes that besides overcrowding and poor public transport, the biggest problems the city is up against are noise and pollution.6. Unlike all other creatures, humans have the ability to act on their judgment.7. Don't you agree with the statement that health without wealth is preferable to wealth without health.8. Even those defenders of industrial economy have to acknowledge openly that any conflict between humans and nature often occurs at the expense of both.9. If your friend kindly points out a fault you have, take what is said not merely pleasantly, but thankfully.10. One of the differences between humans and wild animals is that (or lies in that) the former can make a wise choice as to the kind and scale of the change they make to nature.1. The greater the reputation of the business school ,the greater the risk that its graduates will rely on management theory instead of personal creativity2. Among men, the typical worker between the ages 45 and 54 has been with his present employer 12 years and about a third have been there 20 years or more.3. From the viewpoint of the insured person, an insurable risk is one for which the probability of loss is not so high as to require excessive premiums.4. The software is ideal for situation where companies need to keep an accurate track of which members of the staff have taken courses and how they perform on themselves.5. The absolute increase in population, coupled with such trend as urbanization and greater mobility, clearly presents serious threats, especially for the less developed countries.6. The greater American supermarket is a wonderful place with a much greater variety of healthy food than has ever been available before.7. Witnesses from the neighborhood find it difficult to explain why they didn’t call the police.8. Acquiring education is the principal way of gaining status in a culture that generally stresses skillfulness and upward mobility.9. With the doctor’s encouragement, the patient took heart and pulled himself together to follow thedoctor’s advice.10. The purpose of much of the current zoological research is to find ways to preserve endangered animals whose species are on the edge of extinction.By the 1950s,children in America came to be highly valued.However,the last 20 years has evidenced very sharp changes in values toward children.As women entered the work force they moved away from strong motherhood responsibilities that had prevailed in the past.Closely associated with the increase of women in the work force have been sharply reduced fertility rates.When this element is added to a longer life span,many women now spend a smaller percentage of their lives raising children.In1979,as few as 19 percent of U.S.households were ones where the husband worked,the wife was at home,and there were one or more children at home.In general, it can be argued that the child-centered approach to childrearing is rapidly disappearing.This means that an increasing number of young couples are planning their families with an eye to their careers.The willingnes of most mothers to put their children into day-care centers and full-time preschools reflects a middle-class attitude toward children and childrearing.Parents today,particularly women,see themselves as having personal rights—rights to self realization through meaningful,productive work.In a family where both parents work,the children soon learn that they are not the center of the universe no matter how much they may want to be. There are many parents who believe that their emotional needs are as important as their’s.This is reflected in the increased proportion of divorces that involve children.1. It is required by law that a husband has to pay the debts of his wife until formal notice is given that he no longer has to pay them.2. Much as I have traveled, I have never seen anyone to equal her in thoroughness, whatever the job.3. Einstein’s advocacy of civil disobedience and public encouragement of people to refuse conscription did little to endearing himself to his colleagues.4. According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, high-technology firms are those companies whose research and development expenditures and number of technical employees are twice as great as the average for all manufacturing firms.5. The text and dialogues below focus on cultural differences between Chinese and Western societies which can create misunderstanding if ignored.6. Although we arrived at roughly the same conclusion, Mr. Sanders saw the thing quite differently from the way I saw it.7. The problem of making a robot respond to the presence of objects in different places such as steps of the staircase has already been solved.8. Without a degree and with no experience of doing office work, the young man was no more fit to be a secretary than any of us.9. One sign that she is making progress in art courses such as painting or photography is that she begins to realize how much there is to learn.10. Since I once learned English in Canada and later on visited Canada a number of times, my colleagues and the university students have been asking me again and again about the characteristics of Canada English.。
研究生英语多维教程熟谙(正文翻译+课后练习参考答案)
Unit1 从能力到责任当代的大学生对他们在社会中所扮演的角色的认识模糊不清。
他们致力于寻求在他们看来似乎是最现实的东西：追求安全保障，追逐物质财富的积累。
年轻人努力想使自己成人成才、有所作为，但他们对未来的认识还是很模糊的。
处于像他们这样前程未定的年龄阶段，他们该信仰什么?大学生一直在寻找真我的所在，寻找生活的意义。
一如芸芸众生的我们，他们也陷入了两难的境地。
一方面，他们崇尚奉献于人的理想主义，而另一方面，他们又经不住自身利益的诱惑，陷入利己主义的世界里欲罢不能。
最终而言，大学教育素质的衡量取决于毕业生是否愿意为他们所处的社会和赖以生存的城市作出贡献。
尼布尔曾经写道：“一个人只有意识到对社会所负有的责任，他才能够认识到自身的潜力。
一个人如果一味地以自我为中心，他将会失去自我。
”本科教育必须对这种带有理想主义色彩的观念进行自我深省，使学生超越以自我为中心的观念，以诚相待，服务社会。
在这一个竞争激烈＼残酷的社会，人们期望大学生能报以正直、文明，，甚至富有同情心的人格品质去与人竞争，这是否已是一种奢望?人们期望大学的人文教育会有助于培养学生的人际交往能力，如今是否仍然适合?毫无疑问，大学生应该履行公民的义务。
美国的教育必须立刻采取行动，使教育理所当然地承担起弥合公共政策与公众的理解程度之间的极具危险性且在日益加深的沟壑这一职责。
那些要求人们积极思考政府的议程并提供富于创意的意见的信息似乎越来越让我们感到事不关己。
所以很多人认为想通过公众的参与来解决复杂的公共问题已不再可能行得通。
设想，怎么可能让一些非专业人士去讨论必然带来相应后果的政府决策的问题，而他们甚至连语言的使用都存在困难?核能的使用应该扩大还是削弱?水资源能保证充足的供应吗?怎样控制军备竞赛?大气污染的安全标准是多少?甚至连人类的起源与灭绝这样近乎玄乎的问题也会被列入政治议事日程。
类似的一头雾水的感觉，公众曾经尝试过。
当他们试图弄懂有关“星球大战”的辩论的问题时，那些关于“威慑”与“反威慑”等高科技的专业术语，曾让公众一筹莫展。
多维教程(熟谙)课后答案
多维教程（熟谙）课后答案Unit 1A.1.assess2.alliance3.outcome4.ethical5.identity6.ambiguous7.tolerable8.participates9.pursuit10.constructiveB.1.at stake2.were obliged3.the climate of4.feel well-equipped5.beyond my grasp6.cut back7.other than8.rise above9.care about10.is boundedC.1.incompetent2.indulgence3.migrants4.probesplex6.suspense; engagedpassionate; committed8.tolerant9.tempted10.interconnectedD.1. A. Judging from2. B. in which3. C. and4. D. believe5. A. is one of/ is that of6. B. must get7. C. likely8. D. unemployed9. C. as well as/ and10.B. simpler E.1.what2.graduation3.intend4.getting5.eventually6.survey7.although8.graduates9.transfer10.rise11.attending12.instead13.cause14.because15.attending16.below17.failure18.expectations19.confidencecationKey to the translation from English to Chinese:1.德.汤说过，一切进步，一切发展均来自挑战及由此引起的反应。
研究生英语系列教程多维教程熟谙正文翻译及课后练习参考答案
Unit1 从能力到责任当代的大学生对他们在社会中所扮演的角色的认识模糊不清。
他们致力于寻求在他们看来似乎是最现实的东西：追求安全保障，追逐物质财富的积累。
年轻人努力想使自己成人成才、有所作为，但他们对未来的认识还是很模糊的。
处于像他们这样前程未定的年龄阶段，他们该信仰什么?大学生一直在寻找真我的所在，寻找生活的意义。
一如芸芸众生的我们，他们也陷入了两难的境地。
一方面，他们崇尚奉献于人的理想主义，而另一方面，他们又经不住自身利益的诱惑，陷入利己主义的世界里欲罢不能。
最终而言，大学教育素质的衡量取决于毕业生是否愿意为他们所处的社会和赖以生存的城市作出贡献。
尼布尔曾经写道：“一个人只有意识到对社会所负有的责任，他才能够认识到自身的潜力。
一个人如果一味地以自我为中心，他将会失去自我。
”本科教育必须对这种带有理想主义色彩的观念进行自我深省，使学生超越以自我为中心的观念，以诚相待，服务社会。
在这一个竞争激烈＼残酷的社会，人们期望大学生能报以正直、文明，，甚至富有同情心的人格品质去与人竞争，这是否已是一种奢望?人们期望大学的人文教育会有助于培养学生的人际交往能力，如今是否仍然适合?毫无疑问，大学生应该履行公民的义务。
美国的教育必须立刻采取行动，使教育理所当然地承担起弥合公共政策与公众的理解程度之间的极具危险性且在日益加深的沟壑这一职责。
那些要求人们积极思考政府的议程并提供富于创意的意见的信息似乎越来越让我们感到事不关己。
所以很多人认为想通过公众的参与来解决复杂的公共问题已不再可能行得通。
设想，怎么可能让一些非专业人士去讨论必然带来相应后果的政府决策的问题，而他们甚至连语言的使用都存在困难?核能的使用应该扩大还是削弱?水资源能保证充足的供应吗?怎样控制军备竞赛?大气污染的安全标准是多少?甚至连人类的起源与灭绝这样近乎玄乎的问题也会被列入政治议事日程。
类似的一头雾水的感觉，公众曾经尝试过。
当他们试图弄懂有关“星球大战”的辩论的问题时，那些关于“威慑”与“反威慑”等高科技的专业术语，曾让公众一筹莫展。
超全-研究生英语多维教程熟谙 正文翻译及课后答案
Unit1从能力到责任当代的大学生对他们在社会中所扮演的角色的认识模糊不清。
他们致力于寻求在他们看来似乎是最现实的东西：追求安全保障，追逐物质财富的积累。
年轻人努力想使自己成人成才、有所作为，但他们对未来的认识还是很模糊的。
处于像他们这样前程未定的年龄阶段，他们该信仰什么?大学生一直在寻找真我的所在，寻找生活的意义。
一如芸芸众生的我们，他们也陷入了两难的境地。
一方面，他们崇尚奉献于人的理想主义，而另一方面，他们又经不住自身利益的诱惑，陷入利己主义的世界里欲罢不能。
最终而言，大学教育素质的衡量取决于毕业生是否愿意为他们所处的社会和赖以生存的城市作出贡献。
尼布尔曾经写道：“一个人只有意识到对社会所负有的责任，他才能够认识到自身的潜力。
一个人如果一味地以自我为中心，他将会失去自我。
”本科教育必须对这种带有理想主义色彩的观念进行自我深省，使学生超越以自我为中心的观念，以诚相待，服务社会。
在这一个竞争激烈＼残酷的社会，人们期望大学生能报以正直、文明，，甚至富有同情心的人格品质去与人竞争，这是否已是一种奢望?人们期望大学的人文教育会有助于培养学生的人际交往能力，如今是否仍然适合?毫无疑问，大学生应该履行公民的义务。
美国的教育必须立刻采取行动，使教育理所当然地承担起弥合公共政策与公众的理解程度之间的极具危险性且在日益加深的沟壑这一职责。
那些要求人们积极思考政府的议程并提供富于创意的意见的信息似乎越来越让我们感到事不关己。
所以很多人认为想通过公众的参与来解决复杂的公共问题已不再可能行得通。
设想，怎么可能让一些非专业人士去讨论必然带来相应后果的政府决策的问题，而他们甚至连语言的使用都存在困难?核能的使用应该扩大还是削弱?水资源能保证充足的供应吗?怎样控制军备竞赛?大气污染的安全标准是多少?甚至连人类的起源与灭绝这样近乎玄乎的问题也会被列入政治议事日程。
类似的一头雾水的感觉，公众曾经尝试过。
当他们试图弄懂有关“星球大战”的辩论的问题时，那些关于“威慑”与“反威慑”等高科技的专业术语，曾让公众一筹莫展。
多维英语熟谙课后答案 汉译英
1.Today's university students are struggling to establishthemselves, but they still have ambiguous feelings abouttheir future.2. A man cannot find himself without finding a centerbeyond hi. So the idealism of the undergraduateexperience must help the student transcend himself.3.We eagerly hope that the lessons leaned in the universitywill reveal themselves in our performance in theworkplace and further education.4.It cannot go unchallenged to say that the 4-yearundergraduate experience is the only path to success inlife.5.We run the risk of making critical decisions, not on thebasis of what we know, the findings of investigations, andthe data of experiments, but on the basis of blind faith inprofessed experts.6.Our task needs a large group of well-informed, caringyoung people who can band together, learn from eachother, and actively participate in the four modernizations.7.If it is to endure, the new school should help the studentsnot only acquire a sold basic education and becomecompetent in a specific field, but also be ready to committhemselves to others.8.It is not too much to say that if undergraduatesexcessively devote themselves to examinations, the willpush competence and commitment to the fringes.9.I didn't even speak to him; much less discuss thereconstruction of your school with him.10.Some people think examinations are second to none, butsome think examinations have a lot of disadvantages.Examinations leave us an open essential question --- whatinfluence do examinations exert on education?1. He is an experienced banker and an acknowledged trade expert, not to mention an excellent managing director.2. Regardless of danger, volunteers from an Italian organization for peace have gone to Baghdad, the capital of Iraq, to form a "body shield" for the purpose of preventing the US from bombing the place.3. Nobody in the family is more dedicated to operating the real estate business than Judy.4. Because of the economic depression, real estate agents are in the dilemma of whether to lower prices or let sales fall off.5. More often than not, Mr. Smith earns great profits by careful investment of his capital.6. John did not make much of a mark in his studies at school, but he excelled at sports.7.Ordrly transition of responsibilities is a condition for the long-range prosperity of a family business.8. You had better have a clear picture of prospects before formulating a plan for investment.9. Although sculpture is a time-consuming art, there are still some people following it as a profession.10. The software company is in the midst of being transformed from an individual proprietorship to a joint venture.1. The automobile was improved very rapidly after it was invented and soon displaced horses.2. We may have to cut down on the number of privately owned cars and depend more on public mass transit systems because cars pollute and maim or even kill people.3. While wheels (automobiles) have brought with them better or more convenient transportation, they are guilty of many sins, such as air pollution, traffic accidents and traffic congestion.4. Americans are noted for their love for cars and great job mobility.5. If only advances in fuel quality and efficiency and in technology would radically reduce the emissions from automobiles.6. A highly developed highway network has made possible the easy movement from coast to coast in the United States.7. The very thought of the speed at which the beautiful avenue was constructed electrified every visitor; the road had only recently been torn up to lay drain-pipes not long ago.8. Environmentalists have denounced automobiles, believing they are a major factor in the production of dirty air.9. Many new residential complexes have risen up in the suburbs of metropolitan cities because of the availability of convenient public transportation.10. Despite their love for cars, many people lend credence to the extensive use of the public transport system, which can cut down on traffic congestion.1.Some professional observers believe that young people today are no longer interested in politics and causes, but rather, have become increasingly preoccupied with issues closer to themselves.2.The higher a woman’s educational attainment, the more likely she is to go out of the private setting of the nuclear family and to realize herself in the community.3. As far as I am concerned, what really lies behind the decision of some married couples not to start a family is that they are so narcissistic and have no margin of love to spare others.4.The company put on the market a registered invention evenwithout asking the inventor’s permission, which goes against the patent law.5. Urged by some other countries, the United Nations has pressured the country to give up developing and using nuclear weapons.6. According to the rule that every member should remain childless, Mr. And Ms white have no alternative but to withdraw from the Non-Parent Association, for they will attain parenthood soon.7. He expects to reveal, by presenting a soap opera, the complexity implicit in real life.8. In virtually every country, drug abuse, alcohol abuse and child abuse loon as most challenging social problems.9. When interviewed, these elderly people rationalized why they were ambivalent about today’s young people.10. Many college students are far more concerned with how to get a highly-paid job on graduation and how to receive a quick promotion in the competitive society.1.Generally, people have become more compassionate and quite a few families have taken in an orphan from the municipal orphanage.2.It is a demanding task for a workingwoman to look after her parents and her children while holding down a job.3. At first we were worried about their first stay in a foreign country but things there worked out much better for them.4. Today's middle-aged people have fewer children than their parents did and the aging population problem may weigh on them in about 40 years.5.It is hoped that the current reform in education will better set students up to meet the challenges from society.6. The government intends to transfer some of the health-care burden to the individual family but family members are not always available for the task because they cannot break away from their jobs to look after the sick elderly.7.There is an increasing demand for beds in the nursing home, and we have to try every possible means to free them up.8.With the large elderly population in this country, financing of health care and pensions could care the devil out of the government.9.The young couple has to make some sacrifice to avoid letting their old beloved father down.10.What they had gone through in looking after their sick old father made them more compassionate, and they made a donation to the nursing home1. Most conservationists believe that humans thrive best in ecological health and that the sign of this health is the survival of a diversity of wild animals.2. Mr. Smith produced abundant evidence to indicate that we, to some extent, diminish ourselves if we diminish nature.3. Many cities in Western countries have switched to a new gasoline formula that reduces the pollution content. This is also true of some cities in China.4. As depicted in a poem written by the English poet Edmund Spenser, nature is not only a mother but a judge, having jurisdiction over and doing justice to all creatures5. A government study concludes that besides overcrowding and poor public transport, the biggest problems the city is up against are noise and pollution.6. Unlike all other creatures, humans have the ability to act on their judgment/ understanding.7. Don't you agree with the statement that health without wealth is preferable to wealth without health?8. Even those defenders of industrial economy have to acknowledge openly that any conflict between humans and nature often occurs at the expense of both.9. If your friend kindly points out a fault you have, take what is said not merely pleasantly, but thankfully.10. One of the differences between humans and wild animals is that (or lies in that) the former can make a wise choice as to the kind and scale of the change they make to nature.1.In spite of her recent election success, she remains first andforemost a writer, not a politician.2.Ambition is always identified with rank, fame and power.Therefore many people have been unwilling to talk abouttheir dreams for a long time.3.Surely, if you want to be famous, it is necessary for you tohave ideals, because it is behind the accomplishment, butdifferent from ambition.4.Ambition is often regarded as being commensurate withbad sense because the single-minded have tried to achievetheir goals by fair means or foul and often harm others.5.Truly ambitious people seem to be modest but actually theyare on their own.6.Certainly some people are very interested in their rank andfame. But what has happened is that they do not own up toit.7.Some people try to go on in life at all costs but refrain fromappearing ambitious. We should be aware that there is anote of hypocrisy.8.Although he has come under attack and has beenconsidered ambitious, none of them are strong enough tomake him give up on his dreams.9.It is not difficult to imagine a world shorn of ambition. Itwould probably be a world with no progress and nodevelopment. And, of course, it would be a tedious world.10.To develop our society, we need a large number of peoplewho have both ideals and ambition, because both of these have the power to inspire people to further efforts.Therefore, both are important for society.。
研究生英语-多维教程熟谙参考答案
当学生能够熟练地运用知识，拥有坚实的基础教育，并在某一专业领域有所特长时，大 学教育的结果应该由学生在课堂的表现来衡量。进一步而言，本科教育经历的价值将通过毕 业生在其工作岗位上的表现及其以后接受进一步教育的情况体现出来。
2
最终而言，大学的教育会使学生们充满灵性，开拓思维，格物致知＼学以致用，塑造价 值观念，进而提高综合的能力。本科教育的最高境界将能够让学生从具备能力转变为承担起 责任。
然而，在研究中，我们发现了一个极其令人担忧的问题：大学校园对诸如此类的社会常 识极端缺乏了解，有时，校园甚至弥漫着一种对世事的冷漠与不关心的氛围。当难民如潮水 一般从一个国家涌入到另外一个国家时，我们却只有极少数学生能在地图上指出这些难民潮 的流向，或是谈论起导致难民潮泛滥而起的饥荒、战争和贫穷等世事。世界各地的哲学家、 政治家、发明家和艺术家的丰功伟绩丰富了我们的生活，但他们本人及其贡献却时常不为人 知，或是被世人遗忘在角落里。
目录
Unit1 从能力到责任.................................................................................. 1 Unit2 家庭企业：下一代的前景.............................................................. 5 Unit3 美国人的酷爱.................................................................................. 9 Unit4 无子女家庭：亘古生息的反叛....................................................12 Unit5 三明治人－－生存在夹缝中的一代人........................................16 Unit6 和自然和睦相处............................................................................ 20 Unit7 野心的优点.................................................................................... 24 Unit8 好人蒙眼布.................................................................................... 28 Unit9 让计算机做“官僚”.........................................................................31 Unit10 动物研究对医学发展的重要性..................................................35 Unit11 英语应该成为法律吗?................................................................ 39 Unit12 北富南贫...................................................................................... 43
研究生英语多维教程熟谙答案pdf
Unit 1A.1. assess2. alliance3. outcome4. ethical5. identity6. ambiguous7. tolerable8. participates9. pursuit10. constructiveB.1. at stake2. were obliged3. the climate of4. feel well-equipped5. beyond my grasp6. cut back7. other than8. rise above9. care about10. is boundedC.1. incompetent2. indulgence3. migrants4. probes5. complex6. suspense; engaged7. compassionate; committed8. tolerant9. tempted10. interconnected D.1. A. Judging from2. B. in which3. C. and4. D. believe5. A. is one of/ is that of6. B. must get7. C. likely8. D. unemployed9. C. as well as/ and10. B. simplerE.1. what2. graduation3. intend4. getting5. eventually6. survey7. although8. graduates9. transfer10. rise11. attending12. instead13. cause14. because15. attending16. below17. failure18. expectations19. confidence20. educationKey to the translation from English to Chinese:1.德.汤说过，一切进步，一切发展均来自挑战及由此引起的反应。
研究生英语多维教程熟谙课后题答案
Book IIUnit 1A.1.assess2.alliance3.outcome4.ethical5.identity6.ambiguous7.tolerable8.participates9.pursuit10.constructiveB.1.at stake2.were obliged3.the climate of4.feel well-equipped5.beyond my grasp6.cut back7.other than8.rise above9.care about10.is boundedC.1.incompetent2.indulgence3.migrants4.probesplex6.suspense; engagedpassionate; committed8.tolerant9.tempted10.interconnectedD.1. A. Judging from2. B. in which3. C. and4. D. believe5. A. is one of/ is that of6. B. must get7. C. likely8. D. unemployed9. C. as well as/ and10.B. simplerE.1.what2.graduation3.intend4.getting5.eventually6.survey7.although8.graduates9.transfer10.rise11.attending12.instead13.cause14.because15.attending16.below17.failure18.expectations19.confidencecationKey to the translation from English to Chinese:1.德.汤说过，一切进步，一切发展均来自挑战及由此引起的反应。
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.Book IIUnit 1A.1.assess2.alliance3.outcome4.ethical5.identity6.ambiguous7.tolerable8.participates9.pursuit10.constructiveB.1.at stake2.were obliged3.the climate of4.feel well-equipped5.beyond my grasp6.cut back7.other than8.rise above9.care about10.is boundedC.1.incompetent2.indulgence3.migrants4.probesplex6.suspense; engagedpassionate; committed8.tolerant9.tempted10.interconnectedD.1. A. Judging from2. B. in which3. C. and4. D. believe5. A. is one of/ is that of6. B. must get7. C. likely8. D. unemployed9. C. as well as/ and10.B. simpler E.1.what2.graduation3.intend4.getting5.eventually6.survey7.although8.graduates9.transfer10.rise11.attending12.instead13.cause14.because15.attending16.below17.failure18.expectations19.confidencecationKey to the translation from English to Chinese:1.德.汤说过，一切进步，一切发展均来自挑战及由此引起的反应。
没有挑战就没有反应，没有发展，没有自由。
所以，我们首先应该在我们孩子的能力允许的范围内为他们开设最严格最富有挑战性的课程。
2.我们可以向我们的孩子提供第二个机会是允许他们有失败的权力。
德.纽伊写道：“不仅是一种特权，也是一种考验。
”如果没有人可以失败，那它算什么考验，算什么自由呢？美国可以向所有在高中读者完四年课程而不管其是否取得任何明显收获的学生发放毕业文凭的日子已经一去不复返了。
我们现在生活在一个外变得很狭隘的世界里，们必须同对现实保持警觉，有所认识；而现实主义要求树立一个要么成功要么失败的标准。
这些话听起来很刺耳，但都是残酷的事实。
如果我们剥夺了孩子的失败权力，实际上我们就剥夺了他们如实地认识世界的机会。
Key to the translation from Chinese to English:1.Today's university students are struggling to establishthemselves, but they still have ambiguous feelingsabout their future.2. A man cannot find himself without finding a centerbeyond hi. So the idealism of the undergraduateexperience must help the student transcend himself.3.We eagerly hope that the lessons leaned in theuniversity will reveal themselves in our performance inthe workplace and further education.4.It cannot go unchallenged to say that the 4-yearundergraduate experience is the only path to successin life.5.We run the risk of making critical decisions, not onthe basis of what we know, the findings ofinvestigations, and the data of experiments, but on thebasis of blind faith in professed experts.6.Our task needs a large group of well-informed, caringyoung people who can band together, learn from eachother, and actively participate in the fourmodernizations.7.If it is to endure, the new school should help thestudents not only acquire a sold basic education andbecome competent in a specific field, but also be readyto commit themselves to others.8.It is not too much to say that if undergraduatesexcessively devote themselves to examinations, thewill push competence and commitment to the fringes.9.I didn't even speak to him; much less discuss thereconstruction of your school with him.10.Some people think examinations are second to none,but some think examinations have a lot ofdisadvantages. Examinations leave us an openessential question --- what influence do examinationsexert on education?Reading Practice:1.C2.A3.A4.D.5.BUnit 2A.1-H2-I3-A4-E5-K6-N7-L8-G9-D10-CB. 1. perception2. responsibility3. organizational4. marketing5. strategies6. assets7. transitions8. dilemma9. Rivalry10. compensation11. whiz12. invaluableC. 1. Justify, justification, justifiable, justifiably, justified2. strategic, strategy, Strategics/Strategy, strategists,strategized, strategically3. finance, financial, financier, finance, Financially4. resentful, resents, resentment, resentfully5. perceive, perception, perceptible, perceptive, perceptibly6. diverse, diversify, diversity, diversification, diversified7. destroyed, destructive, destruction, destructionist,destroyers, destroying, destructible8. markets, marketable, markets, marketing, marketer9. prosperity, prospering, prosperous, prosperously10. derived, derive, derivative, derivativesD.1.A. it even harder2.A. that3.C. not taking enough exercise4.C. to have gone back on5.B. functioning6.D. on7.A. object to seeing8.B. to go with it9.A. to expanding10. A. anxiously awaitingE.1.manufacturers2.natural3.treatment4.experienced5.approached6.relatively7.global8.chaired9.sustainable10.vision11.extended12.improving13.accomplish14.array15.involvement16.activity17.rewarded18.proposals19.domesticpetitorsKey to the translation from English to Chinese:Ａ.业主/企业创建者不仅进取心强，而且精力充沛。
他们往往擅长于多种技能。
在很多情况之下，他们即是生产专家又是营销天才或经验丰富的金融家。
要接替他们的工作则需要很多的人。
因此家庭企业主应当通过制定组织机构图来明确规定该企业怎样运作。
参予交接过程的每个主要成员也应当制定他们自己的组织构图。
然后,•对它们进行比较。
各机构之间的不同点将表明管理体制上的差异、存在误会的主要方面及观念上分歧。
Ｂ.没有忠心耿耿雇员,很少企业能够发展壮大，即使是家庭企业也是如此。
这些尽职的雇员多半担任了主要管理职务。
因此，应当将关于产业继承的长远计划随时通报给他们，而主要的企业管理人员必须清楚知道他们在产业交接管理机构中的职责。
改进企业的劳保福利制度以吸引和留住主要部门经理,激发他们的积极性,使他们能为企业和业主的最大利益而工作Key to the translation from Chinese to English:1. He is an experienced banker and an acknowledged trade expert, not to mention an excellent managing director.2. Regardless of danger, volunteers from an Italian organization for peace have gone to Baghdad, the capital of Iraq, to form a "body shield" for the purpose of preventing the US from bombing the place.3. Nobody in the family is more dedicated to operating the real estate business than Judy.4. Because of the economic depression, real estate agents are in the dilemma of whether to lower prices or let sales fall off.5. More often than not, Mr. Smith earns great profits by careful investment of his capital.6. John did not make much of a mark in his studies at school, but he excelled at sports.7.Ordrly transition of responsibilities is a condition for the long-range prosperity of a family business.8. You had better have a clear picture of prospects before formulating a plan for investment.9. Although sculpture is a time-consuming art, there are still some people following it as a profession.10. The software company is in the midst of being transformed from an individual proprietorship to a joint venture.Q1 1) Plan a succession management. 2) Define family employment practices 3) Establish and maintain family harmony 4) Plan the estate.Q2 1) Seating an outside board of directors. 2) Developing a family business vision document. 3) Holding family council meetings.Unit 3Suggested Key to Vocabulary and StructureA. 1 -d 2 - f 3 - j 4 - a 5 - i6 - h 7 - g 8 - e 9 - c 10- b1.mobility2. toll3. accommodate4. landscape5. sprawled6. implement7. legitimate8. transit9. electrified 10. pickupB.1. Integral 2. better off 3. sprawling 4. emissions 5. metropolitan 6. ban 7. commuters 8. clutter 9. accommodate 10. displacedC.1. from coast to coast 2. the great unwashed 3.revere4.denounce5. tore up6. Short of7. are noted for8. constriction9. was guilty of 10. well offD.1. C. overcrowded 2. B. worthy 3. A. sitting 4. D. recovered5. D. in nonsmokers and nondrinkers6. D. poured7. B. unaware of8. C. recent9. C. out of the question 10. B. understandsE.1. move 2. drive 3. down 4. wheels 5. out 6. without 7. majority 8. imagine 9.realize 10. plagued 11. burns 12. that13.to 14. what 15. But 16.done 17. altogether 18.on 19. electricity 20. practicalKey to the translation from English to Chinese:在历史上，吉普车以其能适应各种路况的出众性能而著称于世。