(5套)2019年高考英语人教版选修8(全册)知识点汇总

（5套）2019年高考英语人教版选修8（全册）知识点
汇总
Unit 1 A land of di v ersity
一、刷黑板——词汇全听写(先过识记默写关)
Ⅰ.阅读词汇(英译汉)
[第一屏听写]
1．strait n．海峡
2．Arctic adj.北极的；北极区的
3．the Arctic 北极
4．ministry n. (政府的)部；(全体)牧师；牧师的职责5．federal adj.联邦制的；联邦政府的
[第二屏听写]
6．nephew n．侄子；外甥
7．aircraft n. 飞行器；航空器；飞机
8．vice n．& adj.代理；副职
9．shave v t.&v i.刮；剃
10．tram n. (有轨)电车
11．bakery n. 面包房；面包厂
[第三屏听写]
12．ferry n．渡船；渡口
v t.摆渡；渡运
13．seagull n. 海鸥
14．cattle n. 牛(总称)
15．mourn v t.&v i.哀悼；悼念；表示悲痛
16．authority n. 权威；权力
(pl.) 当局；官方
Ⅱ.高频词汇(汉译英)
[第四屏听写]
1．distinct adj.清晰的；明显的；明确的2．distinction_ n. 差别；区分；卓著3．immigrant n. (从外国移入的)移民4．immigrate v i.移入(外国定居)
5．immigration n. 移民；移居入境
6．means_ n. 手段；方法
7．majority_ n. 大多数；大半
[第五屏听写]
8．despite prep.尽管；不管
9．hardship n. 苦难；困苦
10．elect v t.选择；决定做某事；选举某人11．boom n. (人口、贸易的)繁荣
v i.处于经济迅速发展时期12．racial adj.人种的；种族的
13．crossing n. 横渡；横越；十字路口；人行横道
[第六屏听写]
14．rail n．铁路；扶手；(护栏的)横条15．percentage n. 百分比；百分率
16．pole n. 地极；电极；磁极17．applicant n. 申请人
18．customs n. 海关；关税；进口税19．socialist n. 社会主义者；社会党人
adj.社会主义者的
[第七屏听写]
20．socialism n．社会主义
21．occur v i.发生；出现
22．indicate v t.指出；标示；表明；暗示23．luggage n. 行李(〈美〉baggage) 24．apparent adj.显而易见的；显然的；表面上的25．apparently ad v. 显然地；显而易见地
26．brake n. 闸；刹车；制动器
v i.&v t.刹(车)；用制动器减速
[第八屏听写]
27．conductor n．(公车)售票员；列车员；(乐队)指挥28．slip v i.滑动；滑行；滑跤
n. 滑动；滑倒
29．hire v t.& n. 租用；雇用
30．fascinating adj.迷人的；吸引人的
31．angle n. 角；角度
32．nowhere ad v. 无处；到处都无
[第九屏听写]
33．punishment n．处罚；惩罚
34．justice n. 正义；公平
35．civil adj.公民的；国内的；民间的36．reform v t.&v i.改革；革新
n. 改革；改造；改良
37．grasp v t.& n. 抓住；抓紧；掌握；领会38．thoughtful adj.关切的；体贴的；深思的
[第十屏听写]
39．insert v t.插入；嵌入
40．thankful adj.感激的；感谢的
41．a_great/good_many 许多；很多
42．keep_up 坚持；维持；沿袭(风俗、传统等) 43．live_on 继续存在；继续生存
44．by_means_of_... 用……办法；借助……
[第十一屏听写]
45．make_a_life习惯于新的生活方式、工作等46．back_to_back 背靠背
47．apply_for 申请；请示得到
48．mark_out 用线画出范围；标出……界线49．take_in 包括；吸收
50．team_up_with 与……合作或一起工作
二、刷清单——热身自盘点(再过基本应用关)
(一)核心单词
一、过重点单词——纵引横联超人一点
1．majority n．大多数；大半
[教材原句]Of the first Spanish to go to California, the majority were religious men, whose ministry was to teach the Catholic religion to the natives.
在首批移居加州的西班牙人中，大部分是宗教人士，他们的职责是向原住民传授天主教。

单句语法填空
①A majority of Africans are (be) forced to work for the Europeans.
②The majority of the land has_been_destroyed (destroy) so far.
单句改错
③I hope to gain a bit more knowledge of gardening so that it can help me to major the gardening after attending college.major后加in
补全句子
④The white are in_the_majority in Australia while the native people in_the_minority.
在澳大利亚，白人占多数而土著人占少数。

[名师指津]the majority of后接复数名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数；后接不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数；后接集合名词作主语时，若集合名词视为整体，则谓语动词用单数，若集合名词考虑个体，则谓语动词用复数。

2．elect vt.选择；决定做某事；选举某人
[教材原句]By the time California elected to become the thirty-first federal state of the USA in 1850, it was already a multicultural society.
到1850年加利福尼亚成为美国第31个州的时候，它已经是一个有着多种文化的社会了。

①Besides, I have such a good command of English that I am_elected (elect) as assistant to my English teacher.(2015·陕西高考书面表达)
②If I am lucky enough to win the election (elect), the first thing I will do is to enrich our students' after-class activities.
3．occur vi.发生；出现
[经典例句]It occurred to me that he might be interested in the problem we had discussed.
我突然想起他也许对我们讨论过的那个问题感兴趣。

单句语法填空
①A good idea occurred to me when I woke up this morning.
句型转换
②It occurred to me that I should go to attend a meeting when I was about to go home.
→It occurred to me to_go to attend a meeting when I was about to go home.
4．hire n．& vt.租用；雇用
[教材原句]Teamed up with a couple from my hotel (Peter and Terri) and hired a car.
同酒店里的一对夫妻(彼得和泰莉)做伴，一起租了一辆小汽车。

①There are many bicycles on hire in this area.
②There are three small boats available for hire.
③David used to hire his car out sometimes when he didn't need it himself.
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．When it comes to education, the/a majority of people believe that education is a lifetime study.
2．She became the first black woman to_be_elected (elect) to the Senate.
3．It never occurred to me that you could succeed in persuading him to change his mind.
4．With the tourist trade booming (boom), the residents of this area are paying more attention to the protection of nature.
5．The advertisement for engineers in the local paper attracted many applicants (apply)．6．The bell indicating (indicate) the end of the class rang, which interrupted our heated discussion.
7．Apparently (apparent), the iPods, if used properly, are helpful to our study, especially to our English listening.
8．Unluckily, she slipped_ (slip) and fell down from the upstairs.
9．Furthermore, punishment (punish) is by no means a wise choice to help them grow up
mentally and physically.
10．A new law has been brought in to discourage racial (race) prejudice.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．The majority of the students has passed their biology exam.has→have
2．Emerson would always take down new ideas that were occurred to him.去掉were
3．Father is thank to me for persuading him to give up smoking.thank→thankful
4．We should grasp of every chance to open mouth and speak English.去掉of
5．In fact, I didn't realize its importance after I was elected the monitor of our class.去掉the 6．There are a lot of people in the park last Sunday. We had everywhere to take a rest, so we got tired.everywhere→nowhere
7．I took my driving license with me on holiday, in case I wanted to hire for a car.去掉for 8．With the boomed population, the competition is heating up for job hunters.boomed→booming
Ⅲ.根据提示词补全句子
1．镇上的大多数人都积极地拥护为孩子们建造运动场的计划。

(majority)
The_majority_of_people_in_the_town_strongly_support the plan to build a playground for children.
2．她被选入乐队，不是因为她美丽，而是因为她有音乐天赋。

(elect)
She_was_elected_into_the_band not because she was beautiful but because she had a talent for music.
3．迈克尔有一天能成为班里的一名优秀生这样的情况一次也没有发生过。

(occur)
Not once did_it_occur_to_Michael_that he could one day become a top student in his class.
4．人类会为他们破坏森林的行为而受到处罚。

(punish)
The_human_beings_will_be_punished for their forest-destroying activities.
二、过短语、句式——学通学活靓人一眼
1．by means of通过；用……办法；借助……
[教材原句]Scientists believe that these settlers crossed the Bering Strait in the Arctic to America by means of a land bridge which existed in prehistoric times.
科学家们认为这些迁居者通过一条史前时代曾经存在的大陆桥穿越北极地区的白令海峡到达美洲。

单句语法填空
①Students build up their vocabularies by means of reading more.
②Only by this means is (be) it possible to persuade him out of smoking.
单句改错
③Without knowledge, by no means we achieve our life goal.we前加can
2．make a life习惯于新的生活方式、工作等；谋生
[教材原句]Some died or returned home, but most remained in California to make a life for themselves despite great hardship.
有些人死了或回家了，但是大多数人留在加利福尼亚谋生，尽管困难重重。

单句语法填空
①She had to look for part-time babysitting jobs these years to_make (make) a living.
同义替换
②Happy is the man who can make a living (＝make_a_life) by his hobby.
补全句子
③When Alice came_to_life,_she did not know how long she had been lying there.
当爱丽丝苏醒时，她不知道她已经在那儿躺了多久。

3．take in包括；吸收；理解；欺骗；收留
[教材原句]It's a 79km round-trip that takes in all the famous tourist spots.
这是一次往返79公里的旅行，它涵盖了所有著名的旅游景点。

[一词多义]写出下列句中take in的含义
①The farmer took in the lost travelers for the night.收留
②While reading popular science books, we can take in more basic knowledge.吸收
③The United Kingdom takes in England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland.包括
④Lacking necessary social experience, teenagers tend to be taken in by cheaters.欺骗
⑤Before you translate a sentence, you should first take in the meaning of the words.理解
[归纳拓展]
⑥Our factory will take_on twenty more workers next month to increase output.
为了增加产量，我们厂下个月将再雇用20名工人。

That's why more and more people in China are interested in learning English.
那就是越来越多的中国人对学英语感兴趣的原因。

②From space, the earth looks blue. This_is_because about seventy-one percent of its surface is covered by water.(2013·安徽高考单选)
从太空中看，地球是蓝色的。

这是因为它表面约百分之七十一都被水覆盖着。

③The reason why he has had such a success is that he never gives up.
他取得那么大的成功的原因是他从不放弃。

Ⅰ.根据语境选用合适的短语填空
错误!
1．The site of the new chemical fertilizer plant has been marked_out.
2．It_occurs_to me that my friend Tom has a similar experience.
3．By_means_of the Internet, we can keep in touch by sending e-mails.
4．In ancient times, many people depended_on horses for transportation.
5．Mr. Brown sent an e-mail to the manager, applying_for_ a job in the company.
6．John preferred to go into business alone rather than team_up_with anyone else.
7．It is honorable to make_a_life with your hands while depending on others is a shame.
8．After seeing a_great_many homeless people in the streets, I thought I should do something for them.
9．To keep_up good relationships with your teachers and classmates, you should learn to be on good terms with them.
10．It's said that non-smokers who take_in the air polluted by tobacco smoke suffer more than the smokers themselves.
Ⅱ.句型转换
1．He is believed to play the piano for two hours every day.
→It_is_believed_that he plays the piano for two hours every day.
2．They are likely to be fired by the company because of their fault.
→It_is_likely_that they will be fired by the company because of their fault.
3．If you give more attention and instruction to the child, he is likely to grow into a musician.
→Given_more_attention_and_instruction,_the child is likely to grow into a musician.
4．The reason why Tom came late for the meeting was that he was trapped in a traffic jam.
→Tom was trapped in a traffic jam and that's_why_he_was_late_for the meeting.
5．We need to think about the words that we should say to the visitors.
→We need to think about what_we_should_say to the visitors.
Ⅲ.根据提示词和相关要求补全(或翻译)句子
1．人们认为没有什么人能够在那样的环境中生存下来。

(it作形式主语的主语从句) It_is_believed_that_no_human_can_survive in the situation like that.
2．科学家们最终到达了所谓的北极。

(what引导的宾语从句)
The scientists finally arrived in what_was_called_the_Arctic.
3．与整个地球相比，最大的海洋似乎一点也不大。

(过去分词作状语)
Compared_with_the_size_of_the_whole_earth,_the biggest ocean does not seem big at all.
4．我获悉了你对英语校报的改革方案，那就是我写信发表观点的原因。

(why引导的表语从句)
I read about your reform of the school English newspaper, and that's_why_I'm_writing_to_voice_my_opinion.
5．他们很可能更理解我们，给我们一些合理的建议。

(be likely that ...)
It_is_likely_that_they_can_understand_us_better_and_give_us_some_reasonable_advice.
三、过语法、写作——写对写美高人一筹
(一)单元小语法——复习名词性从句作主语、宾语和表语
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．It is true that he has made a very important discovery in chemistry.
2．Before a problem can be solved, it must be obvious what the problem itself is.
3．Whoever comes will be welcome to the open-air concert.
4．Every day he goes to the library by bike except when_it rains.
5．I am afraid he is more of a talker than a doer, which is why he never finishes anything.
6．Clark is not sure whether Sharon will refuse his invitation.
7．He made it clear at the meeting that he wouldn't agree to the plan.
8．I read about it in some book or another, but what I don't know is which it is.
9．I failed in the exam.It is because I didn't prepare for it.
10．He said how he regretted the hours wasted in the woods and fields.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．That he wants to tell us is not clear.That→What
2．It is required students in this school should wear their uniform on weekdays.required后加that
3．Who comes to the party will receive a present.Who→Whoever
4．The reason why Alan was late was because he missed the early bus.because→that
5．It doesn't matter if or not Lydia will come.if→whether
6．I'd like to start my own business — that is why I'd do if had the money.why→what
7．What his hair was turning grey worried him a bit. What→That
8．Nobody is sure that humans will look like in a million years.that→what
Ⅲ.补全或翻译句子(注意使用名词性从句)
1．月球上有没有生命是个有趣的问题。

Whether_there_is_life_on_the_moon_is_an_interesting_question.
2．我们决不能认为自己什么都好，别人什么都不好。

We must never think (that)_we_are_good_in_everything while others are good in nothing.
3．他本希望以更低的价格得到那部手机。

那就是他上当的原因。

He had hoped to get the phone at a lower price. That was why_he_was_taken_in.
4．英语老师要求我们在读课文时画出我们认为重要的知识点。

Our English teacher requires us to underline what_we_regard_as important points when we read the text.
5．最让我印象深刻的是他首次尝试就通过了驾驶考试。

What_impressed_me_most_was_that_he_passed_his_driving_test at the first attempt.
(二)课堂微写作练缩写——让语言更凝练
[题目要求]
假定你是李华，你的加拿大笔友Peter发来E-mail说，今年暑假，他想选择中国的某个村庄来体验乡村生活，希望你能介绍一个理想的地方。

请把下面的习作缩写成100词左右的短文，给Peter发一封电子邮件，用英语介绍描述该村庄的具体地理位置，并简要介绍其历史和发展变化。

注意保留加黑部分。

Dear Peter，
I'm glad to know that you are going to visit a village of our country this summer holiday. I'd like to introduce my hometown to you. I really wish you can enjoy it.
My hometown lies in a mountainous area, and to the north of it is a high mountain which is famous for its green plants, fresh air and clear water. In the south of our village runs a small river, in which the water is so clean that we can see the reflected houses and green trees. There are many
old and interesting houses and yards as well as some modern buildings in our village, and I think you will love it.
Great changes have taken place in our hometown in the past few years. Many broad roads have been built connecting our village with other villages and cities. People's living standards have been greatly improved and they live a better life than before, and they will give you a warm welcome when you come.
Looking forward to seeing you soon.
Yours，
Li Hua [答案示例]
Dear Peter，
I'm glad to know that you are going to visit a village of our country this summer holiday. I'd_like_to_introduce_my_hometown_to_you.
Located_in_a_mountainous_area,_my_hometown_is_famous_for_its_green_plants,_fresh_ai r_and_clear_water._To_the_north_of_it_is_a_high_mountain._In_the_south_of_our_village_runs _a_small_river,_whose_water_is_very_clean._There_are_many_old_and_interesting_houses_and _yards_as_well_as_some_modern_buildings_in_our_village,_and_I_think_you_will_love_it.
Great_changes_have_taken_place_in_our_hometown_in_the_past_few_years._Many_broad_ roads_have_been_built._People's_living_standards_have_been_greatly_improved,_and_they_will _give_you_a_warm_welcome_when_you_come.
Looking forward to seeing you soon.
Yours，
Li Hua
练(一)语言知识运用保分练(1篇完形＋1篇语法填空，限时25分钟)
Ⅰ.完形填空
There are more than four million American Indians and Alaskan natives in the United States. They __1__ to more than five hundred Indian tribes. Many tribe __2__ live on reservations. These are areas that the United States government __3__ up for native tribes that had lost their lands to European settlers.
There are about three hundred Indian reservations in the United States, some of __4__ are larger than American __5__. The United States Interior Department's Bureau of Indian Affairs supervises these territories. Tribes on reservations have limited self-rule.
On the __6__，American Indians do not __7__ the same economic and educational success as other Americans. A(n) __8__ study by Harvard University says American Indians generally __9__ less money and have __10__ unemployment than other Americans. The study says they also have higher __11__ of disease and die younger than other American groups.
The Bureau of Indian Affairs __12__ education services for almost fifty thousand Indian children in 1,084 __13__. Experts from Harvard say college attendance rates among the Indian population is half that of the __14__ population. But, they also say the situation is improving. The experts say the __15__ of Native American Indians __16__ higher education has more than doubled in the last twenty years.
Harvard researchers __17__ say that the American Indian economy has __18__ at three times the national rate since 1980s. Some of the __19__ should be owed to expansion of the American Indian gambling industry. More than two hundred Indian tribes have __20__ gambling legal on their reservations. Native American casinos and other gaming businesses earn more than twenty billion dollars each year.
语篇解读：美国有四百多万美洲印第安人和阿拉斯加人。

本文从经济、工作、教育等方面介绍了印第安人的情况。

1．A.stick B．belong
C．connect D．depend
解析：选B上文谈到“有四百多万美洲印第安人和阿拉斯加人”，下文谈到“五百多个印第安部落”。

由此可看出，这些人“属于”这些部落，因此选belong。

2．A.natives B．people
C．persons D．members
解析：选D此处指居住在保留地上的部落“成员”。

3．A.set B．held
C．gave D．took
解析：选A由前面的areas判断，要用set up(建立)。

hold up意为“支撑”；give up 意为“放弃”；take up意为“占用”。

4．A.them B．whom
C．which D．what
解析：选C根据该空前面的逗号可知，此处为非限制性定语从句。

由于先行词是reservations，指物，因此选which。

5．A.states B．countries
C．provinces D．neighbours
解析：选A根据上下文语境可知，此处表示有些保留地的面积比美国一些州的面积还要大。

6．A.hand B．whole
C．contrary D．way
解析：选B on the whole为固定短语，意为“总的来说”。

7．A.spare B．save
C．enjoy D．like
解析：选C根据下文的“less money”和“unemployment”判断，答案应为enjoy，意为“享有”。

8．A.containing B．including
C．remaining D．continuing
解析：选D句意：哈佛大学一直在进行一项研究，该研究报告表明……。

continuing 意为“持续的”。

9．A.borrow B．lend
C．earn D．pay
解析：选C根据上文提到的“印第安人没有同其他美国人一样享有经济和教育上的成功”推断，印第安人赚的钱要少。

10．A.much B．more
C．many D．enough
解析：选B根据下文的“than”可知，此处要用more，构成比较级，表示印第安人的失业率较高。

11．A.rates B．dates
C．scores D．costs
解析：选A rate意为“比率”。

此处指“患病的比率”。

12．A.offers B．provides
C．gives D．contributes
解析：选B根据下文的介词“for”并结合语境判断，此处要用provides。

provide sth. for sb.意为“给某人提供某物”。

13．A.homes B．hospitals
C．schools D．parks
解析：选C由前面的“education”推断，此处应选schools。

14．A.ordinary B．common
C．special D．general
解析：选D general意为“总体的”。

general population意为“总人口”。

15．A.number B．quality
C．amount D．plenty
解析：选A根据下文谈到的“在过去的20年里翻了一倍多”判断，此处应为“数目”。

16．A.searching B．seeking
C．acknowledging D．teaching
解析：选B此处为“寻求高等教育的人”。

17．A.ever B．even
C．also D．still
解析：选C also意为“还；也”。

第14个空后的“they also say”是提示。

18．A.planted B．raised
C．arisen D．grown
解析：选D上文谈到“情况有了改善”，“寻求高等教育的人多了”，因此“经济也就增长了”。

19．A.improvement B．management
C．instruction D．impression
解析：选A improvement意为“提高，改进”。

与上一段中的“they also say the situation is improving”相呼应。

20．A.treated B．obeyed
C．ruled D．made
解析：选D该句为“make sth.＋adj.”结构，此处表示“使赌博合法化”。

Ⅱ.语法填空
My Travel Experience in China
During the summer holidays I visited a variety of regions in China.
My first stop was Beijing and of course the Great Wall. Without question it lived up to my __1__ (expect)．
After a long journey I reached Yunnan. With __2__ (it) minority villages and impressive landscapes, Yunnan had a lot to offer. One of my __3__ (enjoy) moments in Yunnan was during my visit to The Tiger Leaping Gorge. The climb over the gorge was at times exhausting __4__ always breathtaking. The views couldn't __5__ (imagine) in their beauty and they __6__ (leave) me with many great memories.
After taking a boat from the mainland I arrived at __7__ island province of Hainan. There I visited Baihua Waterfall. Floating on a pool of water at the base and looking up at the waterfall with a background of blue sky was one of the most __8__ (relax) experiences of my life.
Throughout China there are many ancient buildings and in particular ancient towns. Lijiang and Dali both have glorious __9__ (example) of this. It was remarkable to step back in time and get an idea of __10__ China might have looked like all those years ago. I thought the buildings were beautiful and full of history.
I had a wonderful time! China is both fascinating and beautiful!
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。

文章叙述了作者的暑期中国之旅并具体介绍了游玩的城市及景点。

1．expectation(s)live up to one's expectation(s)是固定用法，意为“达到某人的期望”。

故填expectation(s)。

2．its空格处指代上句中的“Y unnan”，且minority villages, impressive landscapes和Yunnan之间是所属关系，故用形容词性物主代词its。

3．enjoyable根据空格后的名词“moments”可知，空格处应用形容词，意为“愉快的”。

故填enjoyable。

4．but句意：虽然爬上峡谷有时让人筋疲力尽，但总是让人兴奋不已。

根据句意可知，空格前后之间为转折关系。

故填but。

5．be imagined句子的主语The views和动词imagine之间为被动关系，故用被动语态；情态动词could后用动词原形。

故填be imagined。

6．left此处叙述的是过去发生的事，应用一般过去时。

故填left。

7．the根据“island province of Hainan”可知，这里特指海南岛，故用定冠词the。

8．relaxing空格处修饰名词“experiences”，应用形容词，意为“令人放松的”。

故填relaxing。

9．examples根据该句主语“Lijiang and Dali”可知，此处应用名词的复数形式。

故填examples。

10．what分析该句结构可知，空格处引导的宾语从句作介词of的宾语；空格处在从句中作looked like的宾语，意为“……的样子”。

故用what引导该宾语从句。

练(二)主观题强化增分练(1篇语法填空＋1篇短改＋1篇写作，限时45分钟)
Ⅰ.语法填空
It was my first time visiting the United States. Before __1__ (leave) for Washington D．C., I downloaded some introductions about some tourist __2__ (attract) in the city. Therefore I knew something about this city before the trip. A lot of things happened during my trip to WashingtonD．C. However, __3__ impressed me most is the International Spy Museum, which I visited on the __4__ (three) day of the trip.
In my spare time, I often watched movies about spies with my parents because I was __5__ (extreme) interested in spies. I acquired __6__ good knowledge of that after I read the descriptions in the museum. I learned that spies usually hid important letters in an umbrella, in a shoe, or even in a pair of ordinary __7__ (glass). When they thought they were probably found out, they could have their appearances __8__ (change) in a few minutes. They put on fake hair, eyes or teeth. If they had an emergency, they even changed a smaller pair of shoes to change their walking styles in order not to __9__ (recognize)．
__10__ conclusion, it was a nice trip. I had a good time in Washington D．C. I will remember this trip forever.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。

文章主要介绍了作者去美国的一次旅游经历。

1．leaving leave与其逻辑主语I之间是主动关系，故此处应用leave的现在分词形式
作状语。

故用leaving。

2.attractions attraction是可数名词，根据其前的“some”可知，此处应用其复数形式。

tourist attractions意为“旅游景点”。

故用attractions。

3．what分析句子结构可知，“________ impressed me most”是主语从句，空格处在从句中作主语，表示“……的东西”。

故用what。

4．third此处表示“第三天”，定冠词the与序数词连用，表示“第几”。

故用third。

5．extremely此处应用副词extremely修饰形容词interested，意为“非常感兴趣”。

故用extremely。

6．a acquire a knowledge of ...为固定短语，意为“学会、获得……的知识”。

故用a。

7．glasses根据空格前的“a pair of”可知，此处指“一副眼镜”，表示复数概念。

故用glasses。

8．changed此处构成have sth. done的结构，意为“使某物被做”。

此外指“使他们的外貌被改变”。

故用changed。

9．be recognized根据句子结构分析可知，动词recognize与句子主语they之间是被动关系，意为“他们甚至换了一双小一些的鞋子，改变了走路的样子，就是为了不被认出来”；to后用动词原形。

故用be recognized。

10．In in conclusion意为“总之”。

故用In。

Ⅱ.短文改错
It has been several week since I came to my new school. It was a clean, beautiful and modern one, with a large playground and an amazed digital reading-room. All the teachers are friendly and kindly. Among them, I like my English teacher best, who is enthusiastic but popular with us. He is also strict to us. He teaches us in an unusual way. Besides, he always avoids making us to feel embarrassed in class. All my classmates works hard. We're enjoying such new life and trying to develop us for the future.
答案：第一句：week→weeks
第二句：was→is; amazed→amazing
第三句：kindly→kind
第四句：but→and
第五句：to→with
第七句：去掉to
第八句：works→work
第九句：such后加a; us→ourselves
Ⅲ.书面表达
假定你是李华，正在“山水甲天下”的桂林旅游，这里山清水秀，景色宜人。

请你发一封电子邮件将你的经历告诉你在上海学习汉语的外国朋友Tom，内容包括：
1．写信目的；
2．旅游经历；
3．建议他去桂林旅游。

注意：1.词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。

参考词汇：梯田terrace山歌folk song
广西壮族自治区Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region
Dear Tom，
Believe it or not, now I'm writing to share my traveling experience in Guilin with you.
Yours truly，
Li Hua 参考范文：
Dear Tom，
Believe it or not, now I'm writing to share my traveling experience in Guilin with you.It's in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China, famous for its mountains and waters.
I have been here for five days, during which time not only did I enjoy the fascinating scenery like the magical terraces, unique mountains and clear rivers, but also I tried the traditional weaving of Zhuang people.What impressed me most was the spectacular folk-song-singing competition on the Lijiang River, which attracted thousands of visitors and locals.Guilin enjoys a world-wide reputation for its beautiful scenery, so it's well worth visiting.
I dare say a foreigner failing to Guilin hasn't really been to China.I strongly recommend you visit it after finishing your study.
Yours truly，
Li Hua Unit 2 Cloning
一、刷黑板——词汇全听写(先过识记默写关)
Ⅰ.阅读词汇(英译汉)
[第一屏听写]
1．twin n．双胞胎之一；孪生儿之一
adj.成对的；成双的
2．straightforward adj.简单的；直接的；坦率的3．carrier n. 携带者；搬运工；运输工具4．arbitrary adj.任意的
5．fate n. 命运；天命
[第二屏听写]
6．medium n．(pl.media)媒介；手段；工具
7．the media 大众传播媒体(如电视、报纸等) 8．conservative adj.保守的；守旧的
9．constitution n. 宪法；章程
10．compulsory adj.必须做的；义务的；强迫的；强制的11．opera n. 歌剧；歌剧团；歌剧院
[第三屏听写]
12．chorus n．合唱；合唱队
13．loaf n. 一条(面包)
14．flour n. 面粉
15．claw n. 爪；脚爪
16．turkey n. 火鸡
17．feather n. 羽毛
Ⅱ.高频词汇(汉译英)
[第四屏听写]
1．differ v i.不同；相异
2．exact adj.精确的；准确的
3．identical adj.同一的；一模一样的4．commercial_ adj.商业的；贸易的
5．complicated adj.复杂的；难懂的
6．undertake v t.着手；从事；承担7．breakthrough n. 突破
[第五屏听写]
8．procedure n．程序；步骤；手续
9．cast v t.扔；投；掷
10．altogether ad v. 总共；完全地
11．correction n. 改正；纠正；修正
12．object v i.反对；不赞成
13．objection n. 不赞成；反对；异议
14．obtain v t.获得；赢得
[第六屏听写]
15．attain v t.获得；到达(水平、年龄、状况等) 16．forbid v t.禁止；不准
17．accumulate v t.&v i.积累；聚积
18．owe v t.欠(账、钱、人情等)；归功于……19．shortly ad v. 立刻；不久
20．retire v i.退休；离开
[第七屏听写]
21．bother v t.打扰
v i.操心
n. 烦扰
22．assumption n. 假定；设想
23．regulation n. 规则；规章；法规24．popularity n. 受人喜爱；流行
25．strike_ v t.&v i.打；撞击；罢工
n. 罢工
[第八屏听写]
26．adore v t.崇拜；爱慕；喜爱
27．hatch v t.&v i.孵出；孵卵；孵化28．reasonable adj.合情理的；讲道理的；公道的29．resist v t.抵抗；对抗
30．drawback n. 缺点；不利条件
31．merely ad v. 仅；只；不过
32．decoration n. 装饰
[第九屏听写]
33．unable adj.不能的；不会的
34．initial adj.最初的；开始的
35．impact n. 撞击；冲击；巨大的影响36．moral adj.道德(上)的；伦理的
37．vain adj.虚荣的；自负的；徒劳的
38．in_vain 白费力气；枉费心机39．(be)_bound_to_(do)．.. 一定或注定(做)……
[第十屏听写]
40．strike_..._into_one's_heart使……刻骨铭心
41．from_time_to_time_ 不时；偶尔
42．bring_back_to_life 使复生；使复活
43．in_favour_of 赞成；支持
44．in_good/poor_condition 状况很好(坏)；情况很好(坏) 45．cast_down 使失望；使沮丧
46．pay_off 得到好结果；取得成功；偿清
二、刷清单——热身自盘点(再过基本应用关) (一)核心单词
(二)常用短语
(三)经典句式
一、过重点单词——纵引横联超人一点
1．object vi.反对；不赞成
[经典例句] Unless our manager objects to Tom's joining the club, we shall accept him as a member.
我们愿意接受汤姆为俱乐部的成员，除非经理反对他加入本俱乐部。

①A majority of students objected to being_arranged (arrange) for extra lessons during holidays and weekends.
②The villagers raised an objection_(object) to building a chemical plant beside the river. ③You should stop blaming yourself and be more objective (object) about your ability, which I feel is a sure way to promote your confidence.
2．forbid vt.(forbade, forbad; forbidden ) 禁止；不准
[教材原句] Some began to reform their legal systems and forbade research into human cloning.
有些政府开始改革司法制度，明令禁止进行克隆人类的研究。

①It is high time we forbade setting (set) off fireworks in urban areas!
②I think the middle school students should be forbidden_to_use (use) smartphones at school.
③So I think it necessary to forbid shops and supermarkets from offering free plastic shopping bags.
[名师指津]forbid后不能直接跟动词不定式作宾语，但可直接跟动名词作宾语，也可用forbid sb. to do sth.形式，有类似用法的单词还有：allow, permit, advise等。

3．owe vt.欠(账、钱、人情等)；归功于……；应感谢
[教材原句]You owe the lady an apology.
你应该向这位女士道歉。

单句语法填空
①My English teacher is such a great soul, to whom I owe many thanks.
②Owing (owe) to his optimism and perseverance, he was admitted into Beijing University.
补全句子
③I owe_it_to_you_that I have made great progress in my English.
我在英语上取得了很大进步，这要归功于你。

4．bother vt.打扰v i.操心n．烦扰
[教材原句]However, the problem that she later developed a serious lung disease bothered scientists.
然而，之后它患上了严重肺病的问题困扰着科学家们。

单句语法填空
①He is always bothering me to_lend (lend) him money.
②Don't bother to_look/looking_(look) for my umbrella, and it will turn up some day.
单句改错
③I'm sorry I have bothered you to so many questions.to→with
5．strike v．(struck, struck)打；撞击；罢工；袭击；报时n．罢工
[教材原句]The popularity of films such as Jurassic Park, in which a scientist clones several kinds of extinct dinosaurs, proves how the idea struck a mixture of fear and excitement into people's hearts.
在《侏罗纪公园》这部影片中，有一位科学家克隆了好几种不同的绝种恐龙。

类似这样的电影很受欢迎，证明了这一想法使人们感到既兴奋又恐惧。

①It_struck me that playing against the other team was a great learning moment for all the girls on the team.
②Struck (strike) by the beauty of the West Lake, we stopped to admire the beautiful scenery.
③Meeting my dear teachers and fellow students after so many years was indeed a warm occasion, one I'd strike into my heart forever.
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．He has a strong objection to smoking (smoke) in public places, especially with females present.
2．Why bother going/to_go (go) abroad to study, when there are so many good universities at home?
3．Our strength is from many sources, but most of all, we owe our success to the creativity of our people.
4．When climbing Mount Huang, all the tourists were_struck (strike) by its beauty.
5．The students were_forbidden (forbid), unless they had special passes, to leave the base.
6．Do you know any differences (differ) between British English and American English?
7．The new clothes in the shop are so beautiful that Anna can't resist taking (take) a closer look at them.
8．The organization could undertake to_direct (direct) the distribution of aid.
9．Our parents send us to school so as to enable us to_obtain (obtain) knowledge and achieve great things in the future.
10．We had our furniture moved to the new house when the decoration (decorate) of the。