Sensor Technology 传感器技术

Sensor Technology

Abstract:Technological advancements in process monitoring, control and automation over the past decades have contributed greatly to improve the productivity of virtually all manufacturing industries throughout the world.While 90% of global production is still controlled by analog instrum-entation, almost all the controls installed as a part of a new plant or plant expansion are Digital Control Systems1 DCS connected by digital networks.Nowadays, in this era of digital buses, one can plug in

a laptop or use a wireless hand tool to instantly establish access to

all the data, displays and intelligence that resides anywhere on the DCS network. This capability, in combination with the self-turning,

self-diagnosing and optimizing features of modern process control, makes both startup acti-vity and operational routines much easier and more efficient.

Keywords: Sensor:Technology Analogue vs Digital Controllers Process Control Elements in the Loop

Introduction

Technological advancements in process monitoring, control and automation over the past decades have contributed greatly to improve the productivity of virtually all manufacturing industries throughout the world.

While 90% of global production is still controlled by analog instrum-entation, almost all the controls installed as a part of a new plant or plant expansion are Digital Control Systems1 DCS connected

by digital networks.

Nowadays, in this era of digital buses, one can plug in a laptop or use

a wireless hand tool to instantly establish access to all the data, displays and intelligence that resides anywhere on the DCS network. This capability, in combination with the self-turning, self-diagnosing and optimizing features of modern process control, makes both startup acti-vity and operational routines much easier and more efficient.

Similarly, Distributed Control Systems2 DCS offer process modeling and simulation, something that can improve operator training a great deal.

An accurate simulation model allows operators to train under "live" conditions without exposing the plant to the consequences of their mistakes.

The following paragraphs will provide information to engineers, pro-fessionals and everybody who is interested in process automation and control.

Controller System for Industrial Automation

The element linking the measurement and the final control element is the controller. Before the advent of computers, the controllers are usually single-loop3 PID4 controllers. These are manufactured to execute PID control functions. These days, the controllers can do a lot more. However, easily 80 to 90% of the controllers are still PID controllers.

Analogue vs Digital Controllers