英语畅谈中国文化复习资料翻译

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Summary

The passage discusses Confucius’ theory of cultivating one’ s behavior toward family and society. It begins with the introduction of historical background of his time –the

Spring and Autumn Period. It experienced a dramatic change of social system and

prolonged chaos and fighting. As a result, the cultural tradition inherited from

ancient times was corrupted. Confucius wanted to restore the great tradition

abandoned 抛(弃 ) by people and established harmonious social relationships

among people. To realize this, Confucius proposed self-cultivation with the starting

point from feelings to parents. The feelings are nourished and cultivated into family

reverence. The love for parents extends to other people as one begins to

《论语》是儒家学派的经典著作 ( classics)之一，该书记录了（ records ）孔

子及其弟子的言行，传授儒家的主要思想（ central theme ）：仁、义(righteousness) 、礼、智，其中仁是儒家的核心价值观（kernel value ）。仁是

指爱父母和敬长兄，如果这种对家庭成员的情感伸延(extend to)到社会的其

他人身上，人与人之间和睦关系也就建立起来了。

The Analects is one of the Confucian classics. The book records the sayings and

behaviours of Confucius and his disciples. It teaches the central theme of Confucianism

including humaneness, righteousness, propriety, and wisdom, of which humaneness is

Confucius ’ kernel value. Humaneness is taken as love for parents and respect for elder brothers. If the feelings for family members are extended to other people in the society,

harmonious relationships among individuals will be built up.

慕课脚本

1、 The Wisdom of Confucius discusses the most important school of Chinese

philosophy— Confucianism — with the focus on its core concepts Ren and Li . Ren

means goodness or benevolence and Li means ritual or propriety. Ren and Li were

advocated by Confucius 2500 years ago for the purpose of restoring political order

of Zhou Dynasty. The doctrine has exerted a great influence on Chinese culture ever

since, from cultivating filial piety at home, to giving love to everybody, until keeping

social and political order in a country. With Ren and Li, Chinese culture is

characterized by harmony and equilibrium, building harmonious relationships

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between human and nature, between any individuals, and keeping equilibrium socially, economically and politically. That is Confucius wisdom and that is the essenceof traditional Chinese thinking.

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在《道德经》中，老子建立了以“道”为核心的哲学体系。老子提出的“道”是“非常

道”。他认为宇宙万物均起源于“道”，道具有无为、相反、无形、无名、玄妙等特

征。道家的许多原理 (principles) 已经成为中国人重要的理想准则

(important ideals and norms),对于中国文化发展形成了重大影响。

In the Dao De Jing, Laozi established a philosophy system centered onDao. He refers

Dao as invariable and constant Dao. He holds that Dao is the origin of the cosmos

and that Dao is characterized by non-action, opposition, shapelessness, namelessness,

obscurity, etc. Many Daoist principles have already been Chinese people

’ s import ideals and norms and have exerted a profound influence on the development of

Chinese culture.