汉语常见句式的英译
英汉直译汉语对话和常用型总结
英汉直译汉语对话和常用型总结全文共四篇示例，供读者参考第一篇示例：英汉直译是一种翻译方法，通过直接将英语句子逐字翻译成中文句子，来表达原文的意思。
这种方法通常适用于初学者或需要快速翻译的场合。
下面将提供一份关于英汉直译汉语对话和常用型总结的文章，帮助大家更好地理解这种翻译方法。
一、英-汉直译汉语对话1. A: Hello, how are you?直译：你好，你好吗？B: I'm fine, thanks. And you?直译：我很好，谢谢。
你呢？A: I'm good, thanks for asking.直译：我很好，谢谢你问。
二、常用型总结1. 问候Hello, how are you? 你好，你好吗？I'm fine, thanks. And you? 我很好，谢谢。
你呢？2. 询问喜好What's your favorite color? 你喜欢什么颜色？My favorite color is blue. 我喜欢蓝色。
3. 询问来自Where are you from? 你来自哪里？I'm from China. 我来自中国。
4. 职业What do you do for a living? 你是做什么工作的？I'm a teacher. 我是个老师。
5. 语言能力Can you speak any other languages? 你会说其他语言吗？Yes, I can speak French and Spanish. 是的，我会说法语和西班牙语。
通过以上的例句和总结，我们可以看到英汉直译的特点是直接将英语句子逐字翻译成中文句子，虽然有时候不太符合汉语的表达习惯，但可以帮助初学者更快地理解英语句子的意思。
希望大家能够通过这种方法提高自己的英语水平，更好地与外国人交流。
第二篇示例：英汉直译是指将英文对话逐字直译成中文，这种翻译方式可能会导致表达不够自然或者不太符合中文习惯。
汉语兼语式谓语与汉英对应表达
汉语兼语式谓语与汉英对应表达汉语中的兼语式谓语（也称为双宾语结构）是指一个动词的宾语可以有两个，一个是直接宾语，一个是间接宾语。
而在英语中，这种结构通常只有一个宾语。
下面是一些常见的汉语兼语式谓语和对应的汉英表达：1. 给……送礼物：give sb. sth. as a gift/present例如：我给她送了一份生日礼物。
I gave her a birthdaygift/present.2. 借……钱：borrow money from sb.例如：我向他借了一些钱。
I borrowed some money from him.3. 问……问题：ask sb. a question例如：他问了我一个问题。
He asked me a question.4. 告诉……消息：tell sb. some news例如：我告诉了她这个好消息。
I told her the good news.5. 留……电话：leave sb. one's phone number例如：我留下了我的电话号码。
I left my phone number with him/her.6. 送……花：send flowers to sb.例如：他送了一束花给她。
He sent her a bouquet of flowers.7. 给……打电话：call sb. on the phone例如：我给他打了一个电话。
I called him on the phone.8. 寄……明信片：send sb. a postcard例如：我寄了一张明信片给他。
I sent him a postcard.以上是一些常见的汉语兼语式谓语和对应的汉英表达，它们在日常生活中经常使用。
要注意的是，有些汉语兼语式谓语在英语中可能需要用到介词或其他语法结构来表达。
汉语句式 2 的英译
汉语句式：“宁可……（也）不愿……”、“与其……（倒）不如……”英语对应句式：第一式：bette r…tha n…例如：1、与其言而不得要领，倒不如什么都别说为好。
Better say nothing than nothing to the point.2、与其整日无所事事，不如找点正经事做为好。
Better get down to some business than idle away your days.3、与其咒骂黑暗，倒不如点燃一支蜡烛。
Better light a candle than curse the dark.4、宁愿站着死，不愿跪着生。
Better die standing than live kneeling.5、宁人负我，我不负人。
Better to be the victim of ingratitude than (to) be ungrateful.比较：I would have myself wronged by the people under the heaven rather than wrong anyone of them . （宁天下人负我，我不负天下人。
）Better suffer ill than do ill .（谚语）Better suffer wrong than do wrong. (谚语)注意：以“mor e…than+不定式/不定式短语”构建的句子隐含了否定的意义，请揣摩推敲下面的示例：1、以他的理智，他还不至于被胜利冲昏头脑。
He has better sense than to be carried away by success.2、我对这个学生的看法甚佳，不会去怀疑他考试作弊。
I have a more favorable opinion of this student than to suspect him ofcheating in the exams.3、你真不该这样浪费宝贵的时间。
汉语特定句式的翻译.
汉语句子英译要点
• （五）假设关系 • 倘若客人不来怎么办？ • What shall we do if the guests fail to turn up? • 假若哥伦布没有发现美洲大陆，别人也会发现的。 • Even if Columbus had not discovered the continent of America,
汉语句子英译要点
• 句内关系的再现
• （一）并列关系 • 汉语中的并列和对照都属于并列关系，也就是指各分句之间在意义上
是并列的。在英译的时候，汉语的并列关系通常用英语中的连词and， 但如果是否定的并列关系，通常用neither…nor, either…or…等表示。 如：
• 天无二日，世无二主。 • Heaven can not support two suns, nor earth two masters.
汉语句子英译要点
• （三）选择关系
• 外商投资企业经企业申请，税务部门批准，可减轻或免征工商统一税。 • A foreign investment enterprise may apply to tax authorities and may
enjoy, if the application is approved, reduction or exemption of the consolidation industrial and commercial tax. • 他们宁愿待在家里而不愿意去观光。
had to scale snow stopped mountains and plod through the marshland ? • (3)学习先进,才有可能赶超先进. • One must learn from the advanced before he can catch up them and surpass them.
汉语句式 7 的英译
汉语句式：“如果……那么/就……”（口语中，“如果/假如/假若”往往省略。
）“假如……那么/就……”“要是……那么/就……”“只要/有……就/才……”（此式既表达一种“假设”又是某个先决“条件”。
）英语对应句式：第一式：If+从句（真实条件句），+主句If+从句（非真实条件句），+主句（造句时，常用倒装式）请看下面的示例：1、身体不舒服，就请假休息几天吧。
If y ou feel bad , you’d better ask for a leave and take some days off .2、要是再发生同样的事情，请一定让我们及时知道。
Should the same thing happen again , be sure to let us know in good time .3、若要功夫深，铁杵磨成针。
Would you yourself a perfect workman find ,To an embroidery needle an iron pestle grind .第二式：provided+从句，+主句例如，1、如果有时间，我一定来。
I will come provided I have time .2、如果今天下午没会议，我想，他应该马上就到家了。
He should arrive at home sooner than I expect provided he has no meeting to attend this afternoon .（注：以上两句中的“如果”都可被“只要”替换。
）第三式：on condition+从句，+主句例如，1、如果你方负担一部分费用，我们就可以在合同上签字了。
We will sign the contract on condition that you bear part of the expense .2、在本店购买的图书，一年内若发现有印刷装订问题，予以退换，但人为损坏情况除外。
汉语的基本句型及其翻译
汉英的基本句型及其翻译Sylvia Wang574521661@一、主谓单句1）鲁迅，绍兴人。
（主语+名词谓语）•Lu Xun was from Shaoxing. [SVP]2）这个姑娘很漂亮。
（主语+形容词谓语）•That girl is very pretty. [SVP]3) 这花儿是白的。
（主语+判断谓语）•The flower is white.[SVP]4) 水库是1958年修建的。
[主语+判断谓语]•The reservoir was built in 1958. [SV(passive)] 5) 他打破了杯子。
（主语+谓语+宾语）•He broke the glass.[SVO]6) 李先生教我们地理。
（主语+谓语+宾语+宾语）•Mr. Li teaches us geography.[SVOO]防止主语的机械对应•宁波多雨。
•Ningbo sees much rain.•It rains a lot in Ningbo.•People have much rain in Ningbo.•There is much rain in Ningbo.•中国近几年来发生了巨变.•China crackles with danamics of changes these years.•China has seen (withnessed) great changes these yeats.•These years have seen (witnessed) great changes in China.•There have been great changes in China these years.•Great changes have taken place in China these years.•花园里有许多孩子。
•There are many children in the garden.•门边卧着一只狗。
汉语句式 3 的英译
汉语以此喻彼或以彼喻此的句式：“甲像乙（一样）“；“甲如同乙（一样）；甲好像乙……（似的）”；“正如（正像）……一样（那样）……”；“正如/好像……”英语对应句式：第一式：本体（主语）+like+喻体（名词/名词性词组）本体（主语）+as+喻体（名词/名词性词组/从句）本体（主语）+be likened to+喻体（名词/名词性词）例如：1、艰苦的工作就像担子，摆在我们面前，看我们敢不敢承担。
Hard work is like (or, can be likened to) a load placed before us,challenging us to shoulder it .2、这种草药，正如当地老百姓对我说的那样，果然能治感冒。
This herbal medicine, as I was told by the local people, turned out to bevery effective in curing a cold.3、这就像一句老话讲的那样，“收人礼物，授人以柄”。
This is somewhat like what is implied in the old saying, “He that takes is bound.”第二式：It is in/with+本体+as+in/with+喻体例如：1、时间就像流水一样，一去不复返。
It is with time as with the current of water: Once it goes, it never comes back.2、学如逆水行舟，不进则退。
It is in studying as in sailing against the current------forge ahead or be driven back.第三式：用词组连接词“as if / as thoug h…”造句；此式常出现如下的搭配：1、as if / as though+that-clause例如：A.在我看来，你好像有什么心事。
汉语句式 8 的英译
汉语句式：“虽然……但是/却……”“即使……也……”“尽管……也/却/但……”“不管/无论/不论……也……”英语对应句式：第一式：although / though+从句，+主句（注意：1、英语中but字句也表达“虽然……但是……”。
但用了but就不能用although / though；2、as可视为although / though的替换词。
）As+从句，+主句例如：1、他虽然还是个刚满五岁的孩子，却懂得帮助妈妈生火做饭了。
真是穷人的孩子早当家啊。
A small child of just five though / as he is , he knows enough to help his mom with the sort of things in the kitchen : making a fire and cooking rice food . It’s a truth that children born into poor family understand and shoulder the burden of life much earlier .2、虽然我跟他从没见过面，但他的为人我听说不少。
认识他的人都说他办事认真，原则性强，性格开朗，能与群众打成一片，适合做领导。
Although I’ve never met him before , I’ve heard of a lot about what he is . As is said by those who know him , he is serious , principle-oriented , open-minded , willing to identify himself with ordinary people and always ready to help others , really a right person for being placed in leadership .3、我虽然很想去，现在却没法去。
常见固定句式的翻译 归纳总结类
• （五）表示强调的习惯说法 • • • • • • • • • 1、唯（惟）……为…… 可译为“只”“只有”“惟独”。 例如：①天生万物，唯人为贵。 ②唯谨慎为得久。 2、唯（惟）……所…… 可译为“任凭……”“随便……”。 例如：①臣有三剑，唯王所用。 ②太祖常赐良，唯其所择。
• （七）表示指代的习惯说法 • 1、有所 无所 何所（安所、奚所） • 可译为“有什么（没有什么）所…… 的”“是什么”。 • 例如：①吾入关，秋毫不敢有所近。 • ②女亦无所思。 • ③二者可容，何所不容？ • ④将军迎操，欲安所归？ • 2、有以 无以（有所以 无所以） • 可译为“有什么（可以）用来……”“没有什 么（可以）用来……”。 • 例如：①项王未有以应。 • ②故不积跬步，无以至千里。
• （二）表示比较的习惯说法： • ……孰与…… ……何如…… ……孰 若…… ……何若…… • 这些习惯说法都是表示比较，用来表示人 这些习惯说法都是表示比较，
或事物互相比较的结果。都可译为 或事物互相比较的结果。 “跟……比较，哪个更……”。 比较，
例如：①公之视廉将军孰与秦王？ ②汝意谓长安何如日远？ ③吾孰与城北徐公美？ ④救赵孰与勿救？
常见固定句式的翻译与举例
• （一）表示疑问的习惯说法： • 如……何 若……何 奈……何 • 这是三个意义相同的表示疑问的习惯说法， 这是三个意义相同的表示疑问的习惯说法，
中间可以插入名词、代词和短语，可以译 中间可以插入名词、代词和短语， 为“把……怎么样”、“对……怎么办”、 怎么样” 怎么办” “怎样对付（处置、安顿）。” 怎样对付（处置、安顿）。” ）。
• （八）表示推测、揣度、商榷的习惯说法 • • • • • • • 1、无乃……乎 可译为“恐怕……吧”“只怕……吧” 例如：师劳力竭，远主备之，无乃不可乎？ 2、得无……乎 可译为“该不会……吧”“莫非……吧”。 例如：成反复自念，得无教我猎虫所耶？
汉译英必备句型
1.我非常感谢.—— Thank you very much for.2.热情友好的欢迎辞—— gracious speech of welcome3.之一—— be one of4.访问.是.—— A visit to.has.5.多年梦寐以求的愿望—— has long been my dream6.给予我一次.的机会.——(The visit will) give me(an excellent ) opportunity to .7.我为.，再次表达（我的愉快之情和荣幸之感）。
—— I wish to say again that I am so delighted and privileged to.8.（我对您为我到达贵国后所做的一切安排）深表感谢。
note—注意这里“到达”的动词向名词形式的转变。
——I’m deeply grateful for everything you've done for me since my arrival in China.9.（我很高兴）有此机会（来贵公司工作），与中国汽车业的杰出人士合作共事。
note—（1）这里的“合作共事”可以不译，由前面的“工作”统领，用with连接就可以了。
（2）“杰出人士”的翻译——I’m very glad to have the opportunity to work in your company with a group of brilliant people in China's automobile industries.10..多年来一直盼望.note—主要是对“盼望”一词的快速反应。
—— have been looking forward to .for many years11.我很感激.note—出现“感激”，首先反应就是appreciate 及其同族词。
—— I appreciate.12.你若不在意的话，.—— If you don't mind.13.去.走走—— tour around.14.浦江商务旅游公司note—注意其中的旅游的选词—— Pu Jiang Business Travel Company 15.国家旅游局note—局不一定要用bureau——the Chinese National Tourist Administration16.经.批准的.—— approved by.17.在华.—— in China18.以.为主要服务对象—— provide services mainly to.19.公司的宗旨是.—— We operate under the principal of.20.促进，改善，发展——promote,improve,promote21.及其周边地区——.and its surrounding areas22.提供全方位的服务note—注意这里的“全方位”的翻译—— offer an all-round service to.23.竭诚—— do one's best24.坦诚相待——.in an honest partnership25.商务—— business activities26.我们很高兴.—— It gives us great pleasure to.27.再次接待.note—学习这种比较特殊的说法—— to play host to . Once again29.学校的全体师生员工——the faculty, students and staff of the university30.向.表示热烈欢迎——.wish to extend one's warm welcome to .31.格林博士和夫人——Dr.and Mrs. Green32.我相信.—— I am convinced that.33.这次对.的访问note—注意“这次”的翻译—— current visit to.34..必将为.—— will surely.35.作出(重要)贡献—— make an important contribution to.36.祝大家.note—注意"大家"的翻译—— wish you all.37.友好合作关系note—注意语序的安排—— the friendly relations and cooperation’s 38.我怀着非常愉快的心情(出席本届年会). note—除句型外注意,在出席前添加的小词,以及"年会"的翻译.—— It is with great pleasure that I am here to attend this annual meeting.39.值此.之际,.—— On the occasion of..40.我为能有机会.,向..致以深深的谢意. ——I would like to express my deep appreciation to . for this opportunity to.41.就.问题进行发言—— to address the meeting on the topic of. 42..为.提供了(理想的)场所——.provides us with an ideal arena where we will.43.我愿借此机会,就全世界范围内的环境保护问题,发表自己的一些看法,与各位一起商讨.note—重点是后半句语言的组织.先翻译了商讨后,怎样将"发表..看法"衔接上去. —— I wish to take this opportunity to discuss with you my thoughts on the issue of world-wide environmental protection.44.在这举国同庆的夜晚,.——On the occasion of this evening of national celebration,45.各位来宾—— all the guests46.光临我们的春节联欢晚会note—"光临"的翻译,和"春节联欢晚会"的n 种翻译方法——come to this party to celebrate our Spring Festival47.(在座)各位—— all present here48.轻松,欢快的—— most relaxing and delightful49.春节是我国一年中的良辰佳时. note—"良辰佳时"的翻译,以及"一年中"的处理——The Chinese Spring Festival is a very wonderful and joyous occasion in our tradition.50.我愿(希望).—— I hope.51.外国来宾note—"宾"不一定就是guest—— overseas visitors(guests)52.尽情品尝中国的传统美酒和佳肴——have a good time enjoying to one's hearts' content the finest traditional Chinese cuisine and wine53.彼此沟通,增进友谊note—除了前者,还要注意"增进"的择词—— to get to know each other and to increase our friendship54.最后,我再次感谢各位嘉宾的光临,并祝各位新年身体健康,事业有成,吉祥如意. note—除了注意最后那祝福词的翻译外,要关注"光临"和句首"最后"的翻译—— In closing, I'd like to thank you again for your presence and wish everyone good health, a successful career and the very best of luck in the new year.55.热情的迎接和款待note—"热情的".多个词可以表示这个意思—— warm reception and hospitality56. The past five days in China,——在中国度过的这五天57.令人愉快,难以忘怀!note—"难以忘怀"的口译确实被固定了下来—— be truly pleasant and enjoyable and most memorable58.我特别要称颂我们的中国合作者,他们的真诚合作与支持使这项协议得以签署. note—句子最后一部分的口译方式是值得学习的,此外"特别","称颂"都应该学到条件反射的程度.—— I particularly want to pay tribute to our Chinese partners for their sincere cooperation and support in concluding these agreements.59.我敬请各位与我一起举杯,为我们两家公司的永久友谊和合作而干杯!note—好句子,背出来.—— May I ask all of you present here to join me in raising your glasses, to the lasting friendship and cooperation between our two companies.60.中美合资企业—— a Sino-American joint venture61. I have to say that.——我认为.62.business management——经营管理63.由于.,所以.note—用了due to.后要学会将to 后内容都转化为名词性形式——.,Due to.64.直率——direct and straightforward65. I can't say our way of doing business is absolutely superior.note—尤其是句首—I can't say.的参考翻译——我无法断言,我们的经营方式一定在他们之上.66.优点和弊端note—翻出来后,还要注意,.的优点和弊端,用什么介词——strong and weak points in.67.近年来,.—— In recent years,68.business executives——经理人员69.毕竟,.—— After all,70..已认识到.—— have recognized.71.更具人情味的.—— the more humane way of.72.管理方式note—"方式"何必去翻译出来—— management73.在.中(上)存在差异——there are differences in . Between/among.74.现状—— current situation75.基于.,.—— Considering the fact that.,.76.轿车目前在中国的占有率为每580人一辆车.note—使用恰当句型后,占有率不一定要翻出来,注意"目前"的快速反应——There is only one car for every 580 Chinese at present77.具有极大的诱惑力—— be extremely attractive78.(中国已将关税)从(23%)降到了(17%). —— cut .from. to.79.创造条件—— create conditions80..and in turn for the inevitable opening of its auto market to the outside world.note— in turn for 的翻译——进而敞开其汽车市场大门(创造了条件) 81.(IBM上海公司的)正式开张典礼—— official launch of IBM of Shanghai 82.各位如此钟情IBM的产品,这对我们的业务来说是一个好兆头.note—"钟情"和"好兆头"各自怎么说. ——It’s a sign of good business that you show so much interest in IBM products. 83.., 我感到万分荣幸.—— I regard it as a great honor that.84..期待者.—— be looking forward to.85.在.地位——.position in.86.富有(中国民族文化)特色的.—— that is characteristic of Chinese national culture.87.安排了.的旅游路线—— offer you.tour program88.各位note—出现在句首——如—各位将要.You will.89.景点和名胜——senic spots and historical sites90.雄伟的古建筑群——magnificent ancient architectural complexes91.游览,参观—— visit92.真正的—— authentic93.观赏—— appreciate94.中国烹调—— Chinese cuisine95.欣赏,品尝—— enjoy96.地方风味小吃—— local delicacies97.我国人民传统的热情何好客将使得各位这次访问愉快而难忘.note—添东西——The traditional warmth and hospitality with which the Chinese people entertain our guests will make your vast a pleasant andmemorable experience.98..拥有.—— has.99.., 占(人口总数的六分之一). ——constituting one-sixth of her total population100 劳动妇女—— working women101.取得(杰出的)成就——make outstanding achievements in the fields of.102.各行各业的(年轻妇女)—— young women in all professions103.迫切希望.—— be eagerly seeking.104..有权.—— have the right to.105.参加—— participate in106.., 因此(在社会和家庭中享有经济独立和平等地位).note—注意,"因此"的选词链接,"享有"和"平等地位"也是翻译点——., thereby gaining economic independence and equal status in the society and at home.107. Right now,——现在,.108.elephant--->sheer size——庞大的体形109.zoo attractions——动物园园景110..不难区分——.are not difficult to tell apart111.., whereas.——这句型可以用作对比列举112.curve down in the middle——中间向下113.我代表我们代表团的全体成员,. ——On behalf all the members of my delegation.114. During our stay,note—” stay"要翻的好听点——在我们逗留期间,.115. Impress sib. deeply——给.留下很深刻的印象116.欢迎各位参加"对外汉语"学习班note—"学习班"竟然可以不去翻译出来,用个词代替就是了—— Welcome to the Program of "Chinese as a Foreign language".117.近年来,世界各地学汉语者与日俱增. note—主要是"与日俱增".—— a worldwide interest in Chinese is increasing at an accelerating tempo118.从某种意义上说,汉语是一种很古老的语言,其最早的汉字已有近四千年的历史了. note—句子主要关注于,句首的表达,以及最后一部分怎样用词组和上文衔接,在出现说历史时长的时候.——In a sense, with its earliest writings dating back nearly for thousand years.119.随着.,.—— With.,.120.我将适时介绍.note—"适时"的翻译,当然,介绍不一定就是introduce, discuss 也不错—— I will discuss in due time.121.(汉语)对(中华民族的文化和思维)所产生的影响.note—还要注意一下"思维"的翻译—— the influence of the Chinese language on the cultural and intellectual development of the Chinese nation122.对于这门拥有世界上使用人数最多,文学历史最悠久的语言来说,这股学习热潮早该出现了.note—"对于.来说","早该出现了",当指语言的使用人数时候怎么表达—— Considering that Chinese has the largest number of speakers in the world and the greatest depth in its literature, this interest is long overdue.123.受到/接受完整的中等教育note—完整的在这里怎么表达?受到接受在这里和教育搭配应该用什么词?—— receive a full secondary education 124.显然这一现象已经影响了全民科学和文化水平的提高,与现代社会格格不入. note—"现象"不一定就是phenomenon,"全民","格格不入"——This fact has obviously affected the improvement of general scientific an cultural levels and is fully incompatible with a modernized society.125.因此,中国在努力发展经济的同时必须努力控制人口数量,并且提高人口素质. note—三星句型."在.的同时",动-->名转换.——Therefore, China’s efforts to develop the economy must be accompanied by equally vigorous efforts to control the population and improve its quality.126,人口增长也是中国普及中等教育比较缓慢的一个重要原因.note—原因不一定就是reason,"重要"也不一定就是important,注意这里的特殊句型. —— Population increase is also a major factor behind China's relative slowness in establishing universal secondary school education.127.有人认为.—— Some people hold the view that.128.然而,更多人认为.note—"认为"的翻译种种,全扫描——However,more people are of the opinion that.129.深圳应该当好内地与香港之间的桥梁. note—太常用的句型了,不会是失败.—— Shenzhen should continue to play its role as a bridge linking Hong Kong and mainland. 130.借助.的优势—— make use of the advantages of. 131..发展成为.—— develop into.132.国际商woo—— international commercial port133.今天,我们聚会在一起,.—— Today, we meet here to.134.广泛领域—— a wide range of areas135..反映了.—— reflects.136.共同愿望—— shared desire137.对.产生积极影响—— have a positive impact on.138.我深信.—— I am deeply convinced that.139.携手合作—— work together for.140.本着.原则—— in the principal of .141.会议的圆满结束—— a successful conclusion of this meeting 142.牢记以下几点—— keep certain points in mind143.组建.(企业) —— set up.144. now, let me go on to the legal aspect of a joint venture.note—注意"aspect"翻成什么好——下面我接着谈谈合资企业的法律问题145., 都要记住这一点.—— with this in mind.146. You have to understand the extent of your liability for actions of the joint venture. ——你必须考虑自己对该合资企业的行为承担多少责任.147.关注—— be concerned about148.现有市场—— existing market149.sales area——销售区域150. We are not finished with you.——我们跟你还没完呢!151.pick up the pieces and carry on——收拾残局,重整旗鼓,再图进取152.好句子.I began my life as the son of immigrants, and with great efforts I worked my way up to the presidency of the Ford Company.——我是作为移民的儿子进入人世的,凭自己的努力,一步步地当上了福特汽车公司地总裁.153.热情接待—— warm reception154.衷心的感谢——heartbelt thanks for155.没有贵方的努力我们无法成功地达成合作协议.——Without your effort it would have been impossible for us to reach the successful conclusion of our cooperative agreements 156.来华投资—— come to invest in China157.幅员辽阔—— has vast land158.劳动力资源丰富—— abundant human resource159.兴办(企业)—— establish160.market strategy——市场营销战略161.business dealings——商务运作162.这种投资方法对我们合作双方来说,都有丰厚地经济回报.—— I would say that this type of investment will yield fat economic returns for both parties in our partnership.163.产品有着优异的价格性能比note—这里的"有着"—— enjoy164. I shall focus my remarks primary on. ——我想重点谈谈.165..differ greatly from.——与.是截然不同地166. I am certain that.——我相信.167.The future of economic cooperation with China should be viewed with a combination of enthusiasm and realism.note—注意这里的"be viewed"——我们应该带着满腔热忱和现实主义的精神来看待与中国未来的经济合作.168.越来越(流行)note—不一定是more and more—— increasing population169.to stay out traffic jams——以避免交通堵塞170. College and high school students find biking an economical alternative to cars and buses.note—喜欢这里的alternative to 的用法——大中小学生把自行车当作汽车和公交车的廉价代用工具.171. I want to spend part of this lecture discussing.note—是"部分讲座(时间)"?——我想在讲座上花点时间讨论.172. be incapable of doing sty.——不能够做某事173. The computer's advantage over us is that. —— note—注意介词over174.重复的,反复的—— repetitive175.., 其历史可以追溯到.—— Dating back to.,.176.贸易通道note—"通道"哈,新词一个—— thoroughfare177.我社安排的"丝绸之路游"始于西安古城,止于新疆首府乌鲁木齐.note—始于.,止于,怎么说?怎么跟前面连接,"首府"怎么说?——” The Silk Road Tour" that we offer follows a route beginning from the ancient city of Xian and ending at Uremia , the capital of Xingjian .178.游客们沿线可以.note—"沿线"的表达—— Along the route.180.高超的工艺—— the superior workmanship181.领略自然景观的魅力note—关键是对于"领略"的翻译—— take pleasure in the charms of the natural landscape182.大量的—— a wealth of183..沿途—— along.184.(最精彩的)旅游节目(之一)—— tourist attractions185.过去10年来,.—— In the last ten years,186.带来了(许多新的变化)—— bring about187.高档消费品—— high-grade consumer goods188.农副产品—— farm and sideline products189.农村剩余劳动力的转移——shift of surplus farm labor to rural enterprises190.农作物大幅度增产,农名收入大幅度增加,乡镇企业异军突起.note—出现两个大幅度上升的意思,用什么样的技巧."异军突起"的翻译——These changes characterized by substantial increase in crop production and farmer's income and the quick rise of rural enterprises as a new force.191. Has been given the choice of.note—注意given, 一定翻成给予吗? ——.正面临.的选择192. It was expected that.note—形式主语It的翻译——人们希望.193.have the freedom to (continue with their careers)note— have 和freedom的搭配——享有.的自由194. in favor of sb. /sth.——支持某人(某事)195.处于世纪之交的—— at the turn of the century196.迅速发展为.note—看到迅速的的第一反应—— develop rapidly into.197.上海金融业的发展尤为引人注目,现已逐渐形成了一个具有相当规模与影响的金融市场体系.note—"尤为",with的运用,"逐渐形成" ——The development of finance industry in Shanghai is particularly remarkable, with a fairly large and influential system of financial market coming into shape.198.成了各国大银行青睐的金融黄金宝地note—"大","青睐的","黄金宝地" ——become the favorite financial treasure destinations of major foreign banks199.璀璨的—— brilliant200.远见卓识的(金融家)——financiers and entrepreneurs with broad visions to.201.位于太湖和大运河岸边的江苏省同里,离著名旅游城---苏州仅18公里. note—"位于"——Lying on the bank of Thai Lake and Grand Canal,Tonli in Kiangs Province is 18km away from the famous tourist city of Sushi.202.(古镇)周围游(五个湖泊)环绕——be surrounded by crises-crossing river courses203.反映各朝代风格的石桥——stone bridges that were built in varied styles of different dynasties204.该镇保留着许多具有明清特色的建筑note—"保留","具有.特色"——The town maintains many buildings featuring the architecture of the Ming and Sing dynasties.205.通常—— most often206.在这里,旅游者能欣赏到典型的江南水乡的景色---小桥,流水和房屋的和谐融合. note—"江南水乡"以及句子最后一部分——Here,tourists can enjoy the typical riverside scenery of south China, which features a harmonious combination of small bridges, murmuring streams and dwellings 207.中餐桌上最神奇,最有特色的用餐工具莫过于筷子.note—学习此句句型——No eating tools on the Chinese dinner table are more magical and distinctive than the chopsticks.208..一直视.为.—— have always regarded sty.209.用餐工具—— tool for meals210.对于西方人来说,掌握用筷的方法和技巧在开始时也许难度很大,但是只要有耐心,用心去练,不久便可以熟练地使用筷子享用中餐.note—"难度很大","只要"——For Westerners, the mastery of the method and skills for using chopsticks may be quite challenging at the begining.But as long as you have patience and concentrate on practice, you will soon be able to use chopsticks skillfully enough to enjoy a Chinese meal.211.一顿真正意义上地中餐—— a Chinese meal in a real sense212.在这块辽阔地土地上—— in the vast territory213.多种——different,various214.号召推广普通话,作为标准汉语——call for popularization of mandarin as the standard Chinese language215.日常使用的交流工具—— the daily-use communication tool 216..是举足轻重的—— be vital to .217.中国改革开放的步伐——China’s reform and opening-up drive 218.推广和提倡普通话——poplarization and promotion of Mandarin 219.这样做,将有助于提高.,因此,符合全体中国人民的根本利益.——help improve..Therefore; it is in the basic interests of all Chinese.220.从(对我们社会所造成的影响)这个角度来看,.—— In terms of its impact on our society 221.头号健康大敌——the number one serious public-health hazard222. Among all the ways and means, a massive educational campaign is the only thing conceivable at the moment that can really help.——在所有的措施中,开展大规模的教育活动是目前唯一行之有效的方法.223. Some people argue that.——有些人认为.224. I think their argument is groundless. ——我认为这种观点是毫无根据的225. They are better off knowing than not knowing the fact.——了解实际情况总比蒙在鼓里好.226.people from different cultures——不同文化背景的人227.., without meaning to or sometimes without even realizing it.——他们并非故意要这样做,有时甚至连自己都未察觉228. Perhaps it seems so.——或许看上去确实是这么回事.229. They tend to be informal and speak freely. note—” tend to be","informal","freely" ——美国人往往不拘礼节,讲话毫无拘束. 230.误导性广告是现代社会的一大疾病. note—注意介词—— Misleading advertising is a disease with our modern society.231.好句子. A cigarette provides a symbol of independence. A pair of designer jeans or sneakers conveys status.Note—” provides.”,” conveys status"——一支烟象征着独立.一条名牌牛仔裤或一双名牌旅游运动鞋给人以身份.232. Products can fulfill us and meet our deepest human needs.note—” fulfill"——产品可以使我们充实,可以满足我们人类最深层次需要.233. Fundamentally speaking,——从根本上说, .234. It is the national interests of both nations that plays the decisive role and have the final say in this regard.——这是出于两国人民的民族利益;这种利益起了决定性作用,拥有最后发言权.235. act as. ——充当着.236. In shout,——总之,.237. Needless to say,——不用说,.238.我国的端午节是几年古代诗人的日子.那一天,人们通常要赛龙舟,吃粽子. note—句构以及特殊名词的翻译—— On the Dragon Boat Festival, a day set aside in memory of the ancient poet Quiz Yuan, people will hold dragon boat races and eat zings, a kind of glutinous rice dumplings wrapped in bamboo leaves.239.观赏满月的日子—— an occasion for viewing the full moon 240.圆圆的月亮象征着圆满,象征着家庭团聚.note—两个象征之间怎么处理结构——The round moon is a symbol for completeness, and by extension ,family reunion.241.月饼——yuebing, a round pastry known as the moonquake242.春节是中国的农历新年.—— The Spring Festival is the Chinese lunar New Year’s holiday.243.特殊句式.人们还要按各自的地方习俗烹制传统菜肴,如饺子和年糕.—— Regional custom dictates the preparation and consumption of traditional favorites, for example, jiaozi, or boiled dumplings and niangao, or the "year cake".244.., 因此, 就人权而言, 首先要考虑的是我国的实际情况.note—首先要考虑的是——.,So the first thing that must be taken into consideration regarding human rights is the country's actual condition245.丰衣足食—— have enough food and clothing246.法制建设—— legal construction247.在发展经济的同时—— Alongside the development of economy,. 248.由于采取了许多措施,中国人民的公民权和政治权得到了加强和保护.—— thanks to a number of measures.249.***中国的传统节庆膳食除了在数量和质量上与平时有说不同之外,一些历史悠久,具有象征意义的食物也是节日必不可缺的伴侣.note—"除了"——In addition to the quantities and qualitative differences apparent in traditional Chinese holiday meals, some special foods and their symbolic significance are indispensable on this occasions.250.一行的全体成员note—一行—— all the members of my party251.有了长足的进步note—长足的—— make a remarkable progress252.使明年的业绩更加辉煌——make the coming new year a more fruitful year253.让我们在这年终岁末之际,共同举杯,为新年再创佳绩干杯!—— At the close of the year, may I ask you to join me in a toast to greater business achievements in the New Year.254.外国企业—— overseas businesses255.以下几个方面—— the following aspects256.注重—— put emphasis on ,attach importance to 257.拓宽(外国投资的)范围—— expand the area of foreign investment 258.石油化工和建筑业——petro-chemical and building industries 259.投资的布局—— distribution of investment260..努力.—— strive to261.感谢各位光临.—— thank you all for your gracious presence at.262.春节联欢晚会—— party of Spring Festival celebration 263.亲身体验—— get personal experience with264.同时,.——Meanwhile,.265.最后,.—— Finally,.266.university involvement——大学事务267.trouble 动词——增添麻烦268.我们这家合资企业走过了10年的奋斗历程,这是富有成果的10年,也是各位默默奉献的10年.—Our joint venture has experienced a decade of hard struggle. This is a brilliant decade, a fruitful decade, and a decade of your dedication without any complaint.。
汉语句式 1 的英译
汉语句式：一……就……；刚……就……；一旦……就会……；诸如此类英语对应句式：第一式：as soon as+时间从句+主句Once（or, when once）+时间从句+主句例如：1、我一到桂林，就发现这里的山水草木皆有情，触目所及，给人创作的灵感。
As soon as I arrived in Guilin, I found that everything belonging to this city, plants and the mountains and waters, was quite affectionate and spiritual, giving inspiration to create.2、一旦他明白过来，他就会原谅你的。
When once he understood what was the true picture, he would forgive you .第二式：The (very)moment/instant(that)+时间从句+主句例如：1、我刚一见到你，就知道你在生我的气。
The moment I saw you I knew that you were angry with me.2、太阳一出来，所有的星星都消失得无影无踪了。
The instant the sun rises, all the stars have vanished into air.第三式：instantly/immediately/directly+时间从句+主句Soon after/shortly after/immediately after+时间从句+主句例如：1、一按电钮，导弹就发射出去。
The missile will be launched instantly the button is pressed.2、火灾一发生，消防队就赶到了现场。
Directly the fire broke out , the firemen hastened to the spot .3、你在校园里找不到他。
英语专八--汉语常见句型翻译
英语专八--汉语常见句型翻译第六章汉语常见句型翻译第一节汉语主动语态和被动语态的翻译所谓语态，是指“表示动词和与其相联的名词短语之间的关系。
两句话的语态可以不同，而基本意义相同。
然而二者强调的重点可能不一样。
”（理查兹等《郎曼语言学词典》1993：355）在翻译中，语态的选择受强调重点、语篇、语气、目的语的约束机制的制约。
一、汉语主动语态翻译成英语被动语态汉语多主动语态，英语多用被动语态。
所以，除了译为主动句以外，汉语的主动句在很多情况下要转译成英语的被动句。
概括起来，主要有以下几种情况：(一)强调受事，突出被动状态1) “财神爷”这个词，不是我的用语，是农民的发明。
(《邓小平文选》第三卷)That term, the “gods of wealth”, was invented not by me but by the peasants.2) 我国各族人民每年都要热烈庆祝十月一日的国庆节。
National Day is enthusiastically celebrated on Oct.1 by the Chinese people of all nationalities every year.3)中美已经建立了外交关系。
Diplomatic relations have been established between China and the United States of America.(二)使句子结构匀称，加强上下文的连贯性1) 他出现在台上，观众给予热烈鼓掌。
He appeared on the stage and was warmly applauded by the audience.2) 口试时，问了十个问题，她全都答对了。
She was asked ten questions in the oral exam and answeredevery one of them correctly.(三)不知道或无须说出施事者精品文库2) 这本书已经翻译成中文了。
15周 汉英翻译基本句型
Unit 3 汉译英第三讲
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B. 推动经济社会发展，不断改善人民生活始终是中国的 中心任务。 It is the central task of China to promote economic and social development and improve its people’s life.
Unit 2 汉译英第二讲
3. S + Vt. + O ① 我看出了他的心事。 I could read his thoughts. ② 苏先生以优异成绩通过了硕士研究生考试。 Mr. Su passed the post-graduate entrance examination with honors.（with honors=以优异成绩） ③ 勤能补拙。 Diligence makes up the deficiency in ability. ④ 我旅行时总是坐三舱。 When I travel / make a journey, I always take third class. 扩展：first class cabin/ cabin class / third class (also tourist class) 一/二/三等舱
练习：
A. 消除战争，实现和平，建设独立富强、民生幸福的国家，是近代以来 中国人民孜孜以求的奋斗目标。
Ever since the advent of modern times, it has become the assiduously sought goal of the Chinese people to eliminate war, safeguard / maintain peace, and build a country of independence and prosperity in which the people can lead a happy life.
汉语句式 5 的英译
汉语框架：“……莫过于（莫大于）……”、“再也没有……比……更……”、“任何……也比不上（也比不过）……”、“最……就是（就属）……”、“无论……也不（也无法/也不过分/也不为过）……”英语对应句式：第一式：用“no+more﹒﹒﹒than﹒﹒﹒”或“全否定的词语作主语+谓语部分（谓语部分不再含否定词）”这类结构造句，例如：例如：1、哀莫大于心死。
Nothing gives more reasons for sorrow than the death of one’s heart .或，There is nothing worse than apathy .或，Nothing gives so much cause for sorrow as the death of one’s heart.2、害怕寒冷的人们，冬天度假最好的去处就是海南了。
No place is more agreeable as a travel destination than Hainan Province for the winter holiday-takers who dislike very much the freezing cold weather.3、在北京的师范类院校里，北师大的历史最悠久。
No institutions of higher learning for teachers training have longer history than Beijing Normal University in Beijing.4、再也也没有比损人利己的行为更令人讨厌的了。
Nothing is more detestable than the act of reaping profits at the cost of others.5、时间最为宝贵，然而，时间又最不被人重视。
Nothing is more precious than time, yet nothing is less valued.6、无论多么大的诱惑，也不足以为最轻的罪过做辩护。
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汉语常见句式的英译
一主谓单句：
注意避免汉英主语的机械对应；汉语主语的变化角度比较少，英语主语的变化角度则比较多。
上海这个地方多雨：
It rains a lot here in Shanghai.
There is much rain here in Shanghai.
Shanghai often sees much rian.
People have much rain here in Shanghai.
It is often rainy here in Shanghai.
翻译汉语句子的非动词谓语时，要补加动词。
这个操作过程并不危险：
This operation is quite free from danger.
This operation process is not dangerous.
注意避免谓语的机械对应。
你搞什么鬼？What on earth are you up to?
他身体搞垮了。
He has ruined his health.
搞改革，要脚踏实地：We should have a down-to-earth spirit in carrying on our reform.
二无主语句
汉语祈使句不出现主语，英译时要依法照译：
请打开窗户：Open the window please!
汉语中有号召、标语、要求等意味的无主句，有时可译成祈使句，有时需要补上主语，视情况而定；汉语中叙事或论理的无主句，翻译时要加上主语；
有朋自远方来，不亦乐乎？It is not a delight after all to have friends come from afar?
汉语多省略上文出现过的人物，英译时要译出来；
汉语中，有些无主句是习惯用法，英译时可以用“there be”句型；也可以采用主谓句或者被动句。
剩下时间不多：There is very little time left.
以其人之道还治其人之身：pay somebody back in his own coin.
三流水句
这种句子比较松散，英译时，多译成以若干个以“主谓”结构为主干的分立单位或者平行散句，并根据句法需要适当添加关联词。
四主题句
这种句子翻译方法有：拆句法，倒置译法，还原法，对应译法
五连动句
动作同时发生或者又先后之分；翻译时，要选定一个主要动词用作谓语，形成“主－谓”主干，其他动词则视情况化作动名词短语、动词不定式、分词短语或者介词短语，依附于主干。
达到车站时，发现火车已经开走了：
Arriving at the station, she found that the train had left.
六兼语句
按照主－谓－宾－补句型把第二个动词转化成为宾语补足语
七意合句
指无关联词的复合句；翻译时先分析找出其中暗含的各种语义关系，然后选择相应的关联词或其他手段，把句子的深层涵义体现出来。
八主次信息句
这些句子表面上没有并列，没有主从偏正关系，但有主次之分，翻译时，要把主要的信息翻译成完整的句子，把次要信息译成独立结构，作为伴随状况和原因。
九长句
1 顺着原语序翻译；
2 变换语序翻译；3断句翻译。