张道真高中英语语法之12动词不定式讲解

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第十二章动词不定式(思维导图+知识梳理+好题精炼)2022-2023初中英语中考语法归纳

第十二章动词不定式思维导图知识梳理一、不定式概述动词不定式的基本形式是:“t o+动词原形”,有时可以不带to.不带to的不定式与动词原形同形,但它不是原形,而是一种语法形式.除基本助动词do和情态动词外,英语动词都有不定式形式.动词不定式没有人称和数的变化,在句子中不能作谓语,但可以担任除谓语外的任何成分－主语、表语、宾语、定语、状语和宾语补足语.动词不定式和它的宾语或状语构成不定式短语.不定式有时态、语态变化(以do为例):动词不定式的句法作用(一)作主语用作主语的动词不定式通常表示一种具体的、特定的行为,其谓语动词用第三人称单数形式.To obey the laws is everyone's duty.服从法律是每个人的职责.How to use the computer is a question.怎么使用计算机是一个问题.How to get there is not decided yet.怎样去那里还没决定下来.点拨(1)在很多情况下,常用it作形式主语,而把真实主语不定式放在谓语之后.It was difficult to sell my car.我的车很难卖掉.It's not known where to stay for the night.在哪里过夜还不知道.(2)如果要表示不定式的动作是谁做的,一般在不定式前加一个for短语.It will be a regret for us not to help him.我们没有帮助他是个遗憾.(3)在某些形容词(如kind, good, nice, wise, unwise, clever, silly, wrong, right, foolish, stupid, careless, considerate, rude, naughty, impolite等)作表语时,不定式前常可加一个以of引起的短语,来说明不定式指的是谁的情况.It would be rude of us to refuse their invitation.(我们)拒绝他们的邀请,会显得无礼.(二)作表语作表语,一般紧跟在系动词,如:be, seem, get等后面,用以说明主语.The question is when to start.问题是什么时候启程.You seem to have lost weight.你好像减肥了.What we have to do first is to find a solution.我们得做的第一件事是找出一个解决办法.点拨当不定式所作的表语仅用来说明主语的内容时,这个不定式只作单纯的表语,而不具有未来的含义.(三)作宾语能以不定式作宾语的动词很多,常见的有:agree, begin, decide, expect, forget, hope, learn, like, manage, pretend, start, try, want, wish等.Do you wish to see the manager?你想见经理吗?They decided to learn English hard.他们决定好好学英语.Don't forget to meet me at 6:00.别忘了六点钟和我见面.有些动词,如:tell, advise, show, teach, know, forget, learn , remember, show,understand, see, wonder, hear, find out, explain, decide, discuss等后面,常用带疑问词的不定式作宾语.We don't know who(whom)to ask.我们不知道问谁.We asked how to get to the station.我们问怎么到达车站.Have you decided where to go for your holidays?你们决定到哪儿度假了吗?I don't know whether to apply for the job or not?那份工作我不知道申请还是不申请?(四)作定语I have no time to waste.我没有时间可浪费.Let me find a place to park.我来找个停车的地方.He is always the first to come to work and the last to leave.他总是第一个来上班,最后一个走.点拨不定式修饰something, anything, nothing时,放在它们的后面.如果something, anything, nothing 有形容词来修饰,词序是something(nothing...)+形容词＋不定式.My father had something to do.我父亲有事要办.Have you got anything important to buy?你有什么重要的东西要买吗?(五)作状语不定式常可用作状语,修饰动词,表示行为的目的、结果、原因等.一般放在被修饰词之后,但在表示目的时,为了强调也可放在句首.1.作目的状语为加强语气在否定式前还可加上in order或so as组成词组(即:in order to...,so as to...),作状语表示目的.To live a long and healthy life, we must learn to have a balanced diet.为了能过长寿而健康的生活,我们必须懂得吃均衡的食品.I stayed there so as to see what would happen.我留在那儿,为的是想看看会发生什么事.In order to help him, we would do everything we can.为了帮助他,我们愿意尽一切力量.2.作结果状语表结果,其逻辑主语通常亦是全句的主语.在“so...as to...”“such...as to..“enough to...”“only to...”以及“too...to...”等结构中的不定式皆表示结果.She is old enough to go to school.她已到了可以上学的年龄了.He was too drunk to drive home.他酩酊大醉,没法开车回家.3.作原因状语She trembled to think of the terrible accident.想到那可怕的车祸,她就不寒而栗.We jumped with joy to hear the news.听到这消息,我们都高兴地跳了起来.(六)宾语补足语1、有很多动词的后面都可以有不定式作宾语补足语常见的这类动词有:advise, ask, tell, help, wish, want, expect, forbid, persuade, press, request, teach, warn等.She asked her grandfather to play game with her.她请爷爷跟她一起做游戏.Mother told me to cook the meal.妈妈叫我做饭.2.有一些动词后用作宾语补足语的不定式通常不带to,这种动词有两类:一类是感觉动词,另一类是使役动词感觉动词:如feel, see, hear, watch, notice等.使役动词:如make, let, have等.Let me do it for you.让我来替你做.Don't let her go out.别让她出去.I made him work hard.我迫使他加劲干.(1)动词help之后,复合宾语中的不定式可带to,亦可不带to.在上述动词转换为被动结构时,其后的不定式必须带to.He was seen to enter the theatre.有人看见他走进了剧院.I was made to do my homework the whole night.我被迫整晚做作业.Can you help me (to) move this table?你能帮我移动一下这张桌子吗?(2)感官动词的宾语补足语有两种形式:不带to的不定式和动词-ing形式.I heard Meimei singing in her room when I went past.我路过的时候听见梅梅在房间里唱歌.(路过的瞬间正在唱,所以用singing)We often hear Meimei sing in her room.我们经常听见梅梅在房间里唱歌.(经常听见,用不定式)I saw him come in.I saw him coming in.两句话的意思都一样:我看见他进来.用不定式着重于动作的全过程,用动词-ing形式则是强调当时动作的进行情况.3.当谓语动词为think, make, find, consider, feel, regard等词,作宾语的不定式后面有宾语补足语时,常用it作形式宾语,而将真正的宾语放在补足语的后面I find it easy to learn English well.我发现要把英语学好很容易.三、不定式的主要句型及注意事项(一)不定式的否定式不定式的否定式:not+不定式,经常和ask(tell)sb. to do sth.句型连用.She asked me not to drive him to the station.她要我不要开车送他到车站.Try not to be late.争取不要迟到.Mary asked me not to give my pen to Jimmy.玛丽让我别把笔给吉米.She decided not to come here again.她决定不再到这儿来.点拨不定式的否定式和否定句的区别:I asked him not to open the door.我让他别把门打开.I didn't ask him to open the door.我没让他把门打开.(二)不定式的进行时态进行式:表示在谓语动词所表示的动作或状态发生时正在进行.It's nice to be sitting here with you.在这儿陪你坐着是非常愉快的.It is unwise for him to be talking that topic all the time.他老是谈论这件事,很不明智.(三)不定式的完成时态完成式表示在谓语动词的动作或状态发生时已经完成.She said she was sorry to have missed you.她说她没见到你很遗憾.He seemed to have visited our factory.他好像参观过我们的工厂.They appeared to have met before.他们看来以前见过面.(四)动词不定式的被动语态表示被动意义I didn't want to be told about it.我不想被告知这件事.Nothing seems to have been forgotten.似乎什么也没有被遗忘.The building is said to have been destroyed in a fire two years ago.据说这幢大楼两年前已毁于一场大火.在以某些形容词,如kind, good, silly, honest, bad, stupid, bold, clever, cruel,courteous, nice, rude, sensible, tactful, wise, wrong等作表语时,后面需用以“of+名词(或代词宾格)＋不定式”结构,以说明不定式所表示的动作的执行者是谁(即of短语是不定式的逻辑主语).It's very good of you to come.谢谢你的光临.How silly of you (it is)to make such a mistake!你出了这样的差错,多傻啊！It's very kind of you to say so.多谢你这么说.在had better, had best, would rather, would rather...than, would sooner, would sooner...than, cannot but, do nothing but等结构后面的不定式要省略“to”.You had better write it in English.你最好用英文写.I would rather stay at home.我宁愿待在家里.好题精练一、用-ing形式或不定式的适当形式完成句子1.Do you enjoy_________ football?(play)2.Fred didn't have any money, so he decided_________ a job.(take)3.We're going out for dinner, Would you like_________ us?(join)4.The teacher reminded the students_________ their test paper on time.(finish)5.When I was tired, I enjoyed_________ TV.(watch)6.It was a nice day, so the old man agreed_________ for a walk.(go)7.I'm not in a hurry, I don't mind_________.(wait)答案:1.playing2.to take3.to join4.to finish5.watching6.to go7.waiting二、选择括号内所给词组完成句子,注意括号内“go+v.-ing形式”构成固定搭配的用法(go boating; go fishing; go dancing; go running; go skating; go hunting; go singing)1.She's a good dancer. She always_________ on Saturday.2.I've got a gun. I'll_________ with that strong hunter next weekend.3.“Where is Tim?”“He has. _________ He always runs in the morning.”4.We have enough fish to eat. Our father_________ every day.答案:1.goes dancing2.go hunting3.gone running4.goes fishing三、仿照示例改写下列句子示例:It is very interesting to play baseball.→ To play baseball is very interesting.1.lt was not polite to speak that way before Mr. Lee.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 2.It can be quite easy to travel by air.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 3.lt will be no problem to arrive there before noon.____________________________________________________________________________________________4.To make those strangers believe us was so difficult.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 5.To help Tom speak Chinese well is not at all easy.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 答案:1.To speak that way before Mr. Lee was not polite.2.To travel by air can be quite easy.3.To arrive there before noon will be no problem.4.It was so difficult to make those strangers believe us.5.It is not at all easy to help Tom (to) speak Chinese well.四、选择填空1. _________ the bookstore, he stopped_________ a few books.A. Passing; buyingB. Passing; to buyC. To pass; buyingD. Having passed; to buy2.Bruce,look at your dirty shoes, You'd better_________ them right now.A. washedB. washingC. washD. to wash3. _________ the room, I found the computer_________.A. Entering; stealingB. Entering; stolenC. To enter; stealD. To enter; stealing4.We've worked hard for nearly one hour. Let's stop_________ a rest now.A. haveB. to haveC. havingD. have had5.My mother always tells me not_________ to the net bars(网吧)．A. goB. to goC. goesD. going6.The teacher asked us_________ English for half an hour in the morning.A. reads B reading C. to read D. read7.You will have to get up early tomorrow. Stop_________ TV, Peter.A. watchesB. watchC. to watchD. watching8.I find it hard_________ English well.A. learnB. learningC. to learnD. learns9.The teacher asked John_________ a short talk in our class meeting.A. giveB. to giveC. gaveD. giving10.The girl was too poor_________ a houseA. to buy; to live inB. to buy ;to liveC. buy; to liveD. buying; living in11.It was very late at night, but Mr. Brown still went on_________.A. works B .worked C. working D. work12.Remember_________ him about it before he goes away.A. tellB. to tellC. tellingD. to telling13.Lin Tao is strong enough_________ the big box.A. carryB. to carryC. carryingD. carries14.Her mother told her_________ in bed.A. not readB. not to readC. don't readD. to not read15.When class began, we stopped_________ to the teacher carefully.A. listeningB. listenC. listens D .to listen16.You'd better_________ the cinema by bus.A. don't goB. to goC. to go toD. go to17.What did the manager_________ you to_________ at the meeting?A. tell; sayB. ask; speakC. tell; speakD. ask; talk18.Tom was let_________ in the gate house.A. waitB. to waitC. waitingD. to have waited19.Mr.Hu has enough time_________ the job in two days.A. finishB. to finishC. finishingD. finished20.Look,the building_________ is our library.A. is repairedB. being repairedC. repairingD. to be repairing21. _________ no money, I could not buy this coat.A. HaveB. HavingC. To haveD. Have had22.The teacher has something important_________ us.A. to tellB. tellsC. tellingD. told23.Li Ming didn't know_________ next.A. to do whatB. what to doC. how to doD. what do24.I'd love_________ to your birthday party.A. comeB. cameC. to comeD. comes25.It took me two hours_________ by bus.A. to get thereB. to get to thereC. get thereD. get to there答案:1-5BCBBB 6-10CDCBA11-15CBBBD 16-20DABBB21-25 BABCA五、改正下列句子的错误1.He seems to not hear from her.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 2.I hope see you soon.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 3.I made them to give the money back.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 4.The scientist gave us some advice on how learning English.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 5.No one noticed him to leave the room.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 6.Have you given up to smoke?____________________________________________________________________________________________ 7.We found him waited at the school gate.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 8.Why not to turn off the light?____________________________________________________________________________________________ 9.She didn't want me go.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 10.I don't know to swim.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 11.China is a developed country belonging to the third world.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 12.It's getting dark. We have to find a hotel to live.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 13.He said he had an important meeting to attended.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 14.They don't allow that people smoke.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 15.It's difficult sell my car.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 答案:1.He seems not to...2.I hope to see...3.I made them give...4....how to learn...5....him leave...6....given up smoking?7...him waiting...8.Why not turn off...9.She didn't want me to go.10.I don't know how to swim.11....a developing...12....to live in13....to attend.14. ...people to smoke.15...to sell my car.。

史上最完整的动词不定式用法规律知识点总结

史上最完整的动词不定式用法规律知识点总结动词不定式是英语中的一种非谓语动词形式。

它可以充当名词、形容词或副词，具有广泛的用途和特定的语法规则。

本文将为您总结史上最完整的动词不定式用法规律知识点，帮助您更好地理解和运用这一语法结构。

一、动词不定式的基本结构动词不定式由“to + 动词原形”构成，例如：to study、to eat、to sleep 等。

它可以作为名词、形容词或副词在句子中进行修饰或起其他功能。

二、动词不定式作为名词动词不定式可以作为名词在句子中担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语等。

1. 作主语：To learn a foreign language is beneficial.学习一门外语是有益的。

2. 作宾语：She wants to go shopping.她想去购物。

3. 作表语：His dream is to become a doctor.他的梦想是成为一名医生。

4. 作同位语：His goal, to win the championship, motivates him to practice every day.为了赢得冠军，他每天都在努力。

三、动词不定式作为形容词动词不定式可以作为形容词修饰名词，通常在名词之前。

1. 修饰名词：I have a book to read.我有一本要读的书。

2. 修饰人：She is the person to ask for help.她是可以求助的人。

四、动词不定式作为副词动词不定式可以作为副词修饰动词、形容词或副词，表示目的、结果、原因等。

1. 修饰动词：He bought a new computer to play games.他买了一台新电脑来玩游戏。

2. 修饰形容词：She is too tired to continue working.她太累了，无法继续工作。

3. 修饰副词：He speaks English fluently enough to communicate with foreigners.他的英语说得足够流利，可以与外国人交流。

张道真高中英语语法之12动词不定式

张道真高中英语语法之动词不定式担纲指导张道真执行主编席玉虎山西出版传媒集团山西教育出版社2013年6月第2版2014年2第6次印刷出版人雷俊林出版策划苗补坤责任编辑孙晓芳LSBN 978-7-5440-6435-4学习探讨请加微平台bbzdzyyyf语法学习交流微平台纸介图书京东旗舰店纸介图书天猫旗舰店百度阅读手持媒体免费读丨学英语，凭什么让我学语法吗？？？不时听到一些青年问道：学英语一定要学语法吗？语法应该怎么学呢？我们就这两个问题简单地谈一点个人意见。

对中国学生来说，尤其是成年人，我看是学点语法好。

语法，顾名思义，乃是语言的法则和规律。

学习语法，尤其是一些基本法则，至少有下列几个好处：第一可以使你学得快些，因为已有现成的前人总结的法则，用不着你从头摸索。

第二可以使你学得透些，因为通过语法对语言现象不仅可以知其然，而且可以知其所以然。

第三可以使你学得准些，因为语法法则就是一条条准绳，可以用以衡量一句话是否正确。

第四语法不但可以引你入门，更可以引你入胜，使你逐渐眼界开阔，语感加深，从而使你的英语水平不断提高。

丨那么应该如何学习语法呢？我认为在学习语法过程中，应该注意下面几点：第一基本概念最重要。

在学习每个语法项目时，一定要把它的基本概念搞清，牢记在心。

第二要大量地实践，大量地练习。

实践要包括听、说、读、写四个方面，练习要着重说和写。

第三学习语法时，应多用比较法。

如对动词时态、冠词、介词、名词的单、复数等较难的语法项目进行相互比较，效果就比较好。

第四要将语法法则与习惯用法分开。

碰到习惯用法，就不必钻牛角尖，进行徒劳的分析。

而习惯用法在英语中则是大量地存在着的。

第五将一本语法书通读一遍，当然也不无好处。

但最好将它作为工具书，像词典一样地经常查阅，始能学得比较细致牢靠。

第六实用英语语法只应是入门的向导，像一根拐棍一样。

英语达到一定水平之后，就应将它扔掉。

起码不要让许多语法条条充斥头脑，影响你说和写的流利性。

张道真英语语法(大众珍藏精装版)

张道真英语语法（大众珍藏精装版）
读书笔记模板
01 思维导图
03 读书笔记 05 作者介绍
目录
02 内容摘要 04 目录分析 06 精彩摘录
思维导图
本书关键字分析思维导图
特点
宾语
英语语法
英语纲
代词
谓语
精装版
语法
例名词
概说
大众
词动词句子
状语
副词
短语
内容摘要
本书是张道真先生多年对于语法研究的成果总结，该书与其姊妹篇《张道真英语用法》紧密结合中国人学习英语经常遇到的问题进行讲解，有的放矢，书中例句浅显、地道、实用，充分体现现代英语的特点，适合各种英语水平的学习者学习和参考使用。提出将语法和词汇揉为一体、语法学习以动词为纲的新理念。不仅讲述了常用词的用法、前后缀的处理、近似词的比较以及表达法的区别等用法知识，而且还提供了大量例句来说明其语法特点。同时对动词句型做了重点讲解，不仅讲述了各种句型结构，而且每种结构都列举了大量例句来说明其特点，甚至列举了用于这类结构的所有常用词。全书以语法为纲，把词汇知识条理化，两本书互为补充、彼此参见并以系统的语法知识为纲，把零散的词汇环环连接，融为一体。
一、简单句句型的转换
三、简单句和复合句的互换
一、英语的构词法二、转化
三、派生四、合成
二、用在句末的标点符号
一、概说
三、用在句子中间的标点符号
作者介绍
这是《张道真英语语法（大众珍藏精装版）》的读书笔记模板，暂无该书作者的介绍。
精彩摘录
这是《张道真英语语法（大众珍藏精装版）》的读书笔记模板，可以替换为自己的精彩内容摘录。
三、并列连词四、感叹词
一、主语表示法

人民大2023张道真英语语法(第三版)(精华版)课件Chapter 12

1.6 -ed形容词
（2）有些这类形容词，意思和相关动词有些距离，例如： animated cartoons 动画片
strained relations 紧张的关系
determed feelings
复杂的情绪
1.6 -ed形容词
（3）还有一些 -ed 形容词可说是类属形容词，也由动词的过去分词变来，但不能用于比较级：
常见的这类形容词有：
这类形容词不能用于比较级。
annual available commercial democratic economic
empty independent
agricultural basic
communist direct public
external south
alternative central
remaining resounding rising
booming dying
recurring ruling
bursting existing reigning
1.5 -ing形容词
除了这些，还有不少-ing 形式可用作定语，但这些词还不能算作形容词。如：
the governing body of a university
a simply-furnished rooms a well-known novelist a tall, powerfully built man
1.7 合成形容词
（1）合成形容词在英语中也是比较普通的，例如：
a good-looking girl
a light-hearted mood
well-behaved children long-lasting friendship

张道真实用英语语法PPT-非谓语动词

ctive progressive perfectiveprogressive to do to have done _________ to be doing _________
passive
to be done to have been _____________ done ——
2014-1-15
Practice: To compromise appears advisable. 妥协似乎是明智的。 It’s impossible for the job to be finished in time. 这项任务要按时完成是不可能的。 It’s an honour for me to be asked to speak here. 我很荣幸被邀在这里讲话。 It is fool of her to do that thing. 她做那件事真是愚蠢。 (谚)吵架要有两个人。 It takes two to make a quarrel. 要解释这些我力所不及。 It’s beyond me to explain these.
2014-1-15
More bare infinitives
He wants to move to France and ________(marry) the girl. but前有do后无to go Why not _______(go) out for a walk? but前无do后有to go (go) out. He wants to do nothing but ______ wait (wait). He did nothing but ______ to take He wants to believe anything but ________(take)the medicine. hope I cannot but ______(hope) that we may have good luck. You'd better _______(have) that bad tooth pulled out. have listen He would rather ________(listen) to others than talk himself. to stay go I would prefer _________(stay) home rather than ____ (go) out on such a rainy day.

高中英语动词不定式的用法---完整版课件

巩固练习
1. Several of these washes and dryers are out of order and__D____.
A.need to be repairing B. repairing is required of them C. require that they be repaired. D. need to be repaired. 解析：and并列谓语动词， need to be repaired相当于need repairing.
动词不定式
1.作主语 2.作宾语
1. 动词不定式的用法
3.作定语 4.作表语 5.作宾补
6.作状语
2.动词不定式的时态和语态
3.
1. 动词不定式作主语动词不定式作主语，谓语动词用第三
人称单数。
To get there by car will take a whole day.
How to get enough money is still a question.
2.— I wish you had brought your family with you.
— I’ll get them ___B____ next time.
A. coming
B. to come
C. come
D. have come
解析：使役动词get后跟带to的动词不定式作宾补，let，make, have后跟省to的动词不定式作宾补。
What I would suggest is to start work at once.
注：在某些句型中，当主语部分有动作动词do 时，作表语的不定式可以省略符号 “to”，如：

英语动词不定式的成分和用法

英语动词不定式的成分和用法英语动词不定式（Infinitive）是一种非谓语动词形式，由“to + 动词原形”构成，可以在句子中担任多种成分。

以下是关于英语动词不定式的成分和用法的详细解释：一、成分1.主语：动词不定式可以在句子中作为主语，表示一个抽象的概念或行为。

例如，“To learn a foreign language is difficult.”（学习一门外语是困难的。

）2.表语：动词不定式可以作为表语，描述主语的特点或状态。

例如，“Mygoal is to become a doctor.”（我的目标是成为一名医生。

）3.宾语：动词不定式可以作为宾语，表示一个动作或行为。

例如，“I wantto go home.”（我想回家。

）4.定语：动词不定式可以作为定语，修饰名词或代词。

例如，“I have a lotof work to do.”（我有很多工作要做。

）5.状语：动词不定式可以作为状语，表示时间、原因、条件等。

例如，“Tosave mone y, I decided not to buy a new car.”（为了省钱，我决定不买新车。

）二、用法1.动词不定式的基本形式是“to + 动词原形”，其中“to”是标志词，无词义。

在句子中，它不受人称和数的限制，但有时态和语态的变化。

2.动词不定式的否定形式是在“to”前面加“not”。

例如，“I decided not to go.”（我决定不去。

）3.动词不定式可以带有逻辑主语，形成复合结构。

例如，“For him to dothat is impossible.”（对他来说做那件事是不可能的。

）4.有些动词后只能用动词不定式作宾语，如“want, wish, hope, decide,promise”等。

例如，“I want to buy a new car.”（我想买一辆新车。

）5.动词不定式可以和某些形容词连用，如“happy, glad, pleased, sorry”等。

动词不定式的用法讲解

动词不定式的用法讲解动词不定式是英语语法中的一个重要部分，它具有丰富的用法和多样的功能。

理解和掌握动词不定式对于学好英语、正确表达意思至关重要。

接下来，让我们详细探讨一下动词不定式的用法。

一、作主语动词不定式作主语时，通常表示具体的、一次性的或未发生的动作。

为了保持句子平衡，常用 it 作形式主语，而将真正的主语（动词不定式）后置。

例如：“To learn English well is not easy”（学好英语不容易。

）但这个句子头重脚轻，所以通常会改为：“It is not easy to learn English well”二、作宾语有些动词后只能接动词不定式作宾语，常见的这类动词有：want（想要），hope（希望），wish（希望），decide（决定），plan（计划），expect（期望）等。

比如：“I want to go shopping this weekend”（这个周末我想去购物。

）“She decided to study harder”（她决定更努力学习。

）三、作宾语补足语某些动词后需要用动词不定式作宾语补足语，常见的有：ask（要求），tell（告诉），want（想要），allow（允许），encourage（鼓励）等。

例如：“My mother asks me to clean my room every day”（我妈妈每天要求我打扫房间。

）“The teacher encourages us to speak English more”（老师鼓励我们多说英语。

）四、作定语动词不定式作定语时，通常放在被修饰词之后，与被修饰词之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系。

例如：“I have a lot of work to do”（我有很多工作要做。

）“There is no time to waste”（没有时间可以浪费。

）五、作状语1、目的状语动词不定式可以作目的状语，表示某一动作或行为的目的。

张道真英语语法(第三版)(精华版)课件lecture 8 -9非谓语动词

• It is wise __o_f__ you not to argue with your boss. You are wise not to argue with your boss. (√)
• It is necessary ___fo_r__ you to go there in person.
Lecture 8
Non-finite Verbs 非谓语动词
• 学习非谓语动词，关键需要掌握以下内容：
1.非谓语动词在句中充当的成分；
2.非谓语动词的时态和语态。
动词的非谓语形式有三种： 1.不定式(The Infinitive)：to +v 2.动名词(The Gerund)，v-ing 3.分词(The Participle)
see, hear等词
• +sb.+do sth.强调动作的真实性、完整性; I saw him work in the garden yesterday. 强调“我看见了”这个事实。 • +sb.+doing sth. 强调动作的连续性、进行
性。 I saw him working in the garden yesterday. 强调我见他“正在干活”这个动作。
1)现在分词（The Present Participle) v-ing
2)过去分词（The Past Participle) v-ed
Infinitive
不定式
1.
• It’s kind/wise/clever… of sb. to do sth It is very kind of you to help us.
In the past, traveling by plane was unimaginable for most Chinese people.

动词不定式的语法总结

动词不定式的语法总结动词不定式是非谓语动词的一种形式，是英语中常见的一种语法，学生一定要做好总结，拿下这个知识点。

小编为大家力荐了动词不定式常用的语法总结，给大家作为参考，欢迎阅读!动词不定式的七种用法动词不定式的基本形式为to+动词原形.1.动词不定式做主语.谓语用第三人称单数形式.如果主语较长则用it做形式主语,将真正的主语动词不定式放到句尾.egTo see is to believe.It's a bad habit to run after dinner.2 做表语.the important things is to save lives.3 做宾语he likes to play with children.4做宾语补足语.形容词做宾补时.常用it做形式宾语.把真正的宾语放到宾补之后.he feels it happy to help others.5做定语she asked me to help her with her English.6做状语you are never too old to learn.(结果状语)7特殊疑问词+动词不定式.I am thinking about what to say.动词的不定式的用法口诀①不定式有标记，to与动词连一起。

②没有人称数变化，动词特点它具备。

③主宾定状表补语，唯独作谓不可以。

④not 加上不定式，否定结构要牢记。

⑤疑问词与不定式，构成短语有意义。

⑥仔细推敲多思考，准确判断有依据。

动词不定式专题练习1. This company was the first ____ portable radios as well as cassette tape recorders in the world.A. producingB. to produceC. having producedD. produced2. The purpose of new technology is to make life easier, ____it more difficult.A .not making B. not make C .not to make D. nor to make3. Helen had to shout ______above the sound of the music .A .making herself hear B. to make herself hearC. making herself heard D .to make herself heard4. I don’t know whether you happen_______ ,but I am going to study in the U.S.A this September.A .to be heard. B. to be bearing C .to hear D .to have heard5. The news reporters hurried to the airport, only ______the film stars had left.A .to tellB .to be toldC .tellingD .told6. You were silly not _______your car.A. to lockB. to have lockedC. lockingD. having locked7. The teacher asked us ______so much noise.A .don’t make B. not make C. not making D .not to make8. An army spokesman stressed that all the soldiers had been ordered _____clear warnings before firing any shots.A .to issue B. being issued C. to have issued D. to be issued9. I’d rather have a room of my own, however small it is, than_______ a room with someone else.A. to shareB. to have sharedC. shareD. sharing10. The bank is reported in the local newspaper_________ in broad daylight yesterday.A. robbedB. to have been robbedC. being robbedD. having been robbed11. A number of paintings in the castle are believed ________ina fire.A. being destroyedB. having been destroyedC. to be destroyedD. to have been destroyed12. The meeting _______ next week is sure to be a great success.A. to take placeB. to be taken placeC. to have taken placeD. being taken place13. As a result of my laziness, I failed ________ my work in time.A. and finishedB. to finishC. and finishingD. to finished14. I am sorry ______ written you a letter at the time.A. to have notB. to not haveC. not to haveD. not having15. Will you lend him a magazine _________?A. to be readB. for readingC. to readD. he read16. He could do nothing but _______for the bus _________.A. wait, to comeB. wait; comeC. waiting; comingD. waited; came17 .It is a problem that doesn't need ________ right now.A. to solveB. solvingC. being solvedD. to be solving18. There’s a man at the reception desk who seems very angry and I think he means _______ trouble.A. makingB. to makeC. to have madeD. having made19. I remember _______him _______the bike needed __________.A. hearing, saying, to repairB. to hear, say, to repairC. hearing, say, repairingD. to hear, saying, to be repaired20. --- You should have thanked her before you left.--- I meant _________, but when I was leaving I couldn’t find her anywhere.。

动词不定式的结构和用法

动词不定式的结构和用法动词不定式是英语中一种常见的语法结构，通常由"to"加上动词的原形构成。

它可以在句子中充当名词、形容词或副词的角色，并且具有多种用法。

1. 作为名词不定式可以作为名词，在句子中充当主语、宾语或表语。

例如：- 主语：To learn a foreign language is beneficial.- 宾语：They want to visit China.不定式作为名词时，常常出现在以下固定搭配中：- It's + adj. + to-infinitive：To travel is exciting.- It's + adj. + for sb. + to-infinitive：It's important for us to protect the environment.2. 作为形容词不定式也可用作形容词，修饰名词。

例如：- She has a book to read.- I have a question to ask.在这种用法中，不定式可以表示目的、原因或结果。

常见的固定搭配有：- adj. + enough + to-infinitive：He is old enough to drive.- too + adj. + to-infinitive：The problem was too difficult to solve.3. 作为副词不定式还可以作为副词，修饰动词、形容词或副词。

例如：- She worked hard to pass the exam.- He ran fast to catch the bus.不定式作为副词时，可以表示目的、结果、方式或条件。

4. 其他用法除了上述三种常见用法外，不定式还有一些其他用法，如下所示：- 不定式作宾语补足语：I want you to help me.- 不定式引导目的状语从句：I came here to see you.- 不定式构成复合宾语：She made him study.- 不定式构成条件状语从句：To succeed, you need to work hard.总结起来，动词不定式的结构和用法多种多样。

动词不定式讲解PPT课件

第十页，课件共有96页
巧记动词不定式作宾语歌诀：
• 想要拒绝莫忘记
• （want, refuse, forget）
• 需要努力就学习 • （need, try, learn） • 喜欢帮助加同意 • （like help agree ） • 希望决定后开始 • （hope, decide, begin, start）
impossible(不可能的)等。
It's＋adj.＋for＋sb＋不定式”表示“做某事对某人来说……”
• 你可以用这个句型来验证
• sb + be + adj 句式。 • 看这个句子的意思是不是成立，要是成立，就用
of 。要是不成立则用for.
• you_are kind 这个句子成立，所以用of
I have a lot of work to do.我有很多工作要做。 (2)主谓关系 He is always the first to come.他总是第一个来。 (3)同位关系 We all have a chance to go to college. • 我们都有上大学的机会。
第二十一页，课件共有96页
careless(粗心的)，right(正确的)，wrong(错误的)等词后，不用 for而用of。
It's very kind of_you_to_help_me.
你帮助我真是太好啦。
第八页，课件共有96页
若描述做某事性质的形容词：如important(重要的)， necessary(必要的)，difficult(困难的)，easy(容易的)， hard(艰难的)，dangerous(危险的)，safe(安全的)，useful(有益的)，pleasant(舒适的)，interesting(有趣的)，

动词不定式的用法讲义

动词不定式的用法讲义动词不定式是英语语法中的一个重要部分，它具有丰富的用法和多样的功能。

下面让我们一起来详细了解一下动词不定式的各种用法。

一、动词不定式的形式动词不定式的基本形式是“to ＋动词原形”，例如“to study”“to play”。

但在一些情况下，to 会被省略，我们后面会详细讲到。

二、动词不定式作主语动词不定式可以用作句子的主语，表示一个具体的、将要发生的动作。

例如：“To learn a foreign language well is not easy”（学好一门外语不容易。

）但需要注意的是，为了避免句子头重脚轻，通常会使用形式主语 it ，将真正的主语动词不定式后置，变成“It is not easy to learn a foreign language well”三、动词不定式作宾语很多动词后面可以接动词不定式作宾语，常见的有：want（想要），hope（希望），decide（决定），plan（计划），expect（期望）等。

例如：“I want to go shopping this weekend”（这个周末我想去购物。

）四、动词不定式作宾语补足语有些动词后面会接宾语和动词不定式作宾语补足语，常见的这类动词有：ask（要求），tell（告诉），allow（允许），enable（使能够）等。

例如：“The teacher asked us to finish the homework on time”（老师要求我们按时完成作业。

）五、动词不定式作定语动词不定式可以用来修饰名词或代词，作定语。

例如：“I have a lot of work to do”（我有很多工作要做。

）这里的“to do”就修饰“work”，表示“要做的工作”。

六、动词不定式作状语1、目的状语动词不定式可以作目的状语，表示某个动作的目的。

例如：“He came here to see me”（他来这里是为了看我。

(完整版)高中英语语法讲解不定式

高中英语语法讲解不定式（The Infinitive）定义：动词不定式是非谓语动词的一种，它没有人称和数的变化，在句子中不能独立作谓语，但它仍保持动词的特点，既可以有自己的宾语和状语。

E.g. He want his students to read the book aloud.A．1不定式的构成（以动词do为例）主动形式被动形式一般式to do to be done完成式to have done to have been done进行式to be doing 无完成进行式to have been doing 无2不定式的意义不定式的一般式(to do )一般式表示的动作或状态，发生在谓语动词表示的动作或状态的同时或之后My wish is to become a doctorHe seemed to be tired.She stopped to have a rest.不定式的被动式 (to be done)当不定式的逻辑主语是这个不定式所表示的动作的承受者时,不定式一般要用被动式.The building to be finished next month is for our teachers.I am going to Beijing, I have something to take to my parents, do you have something to be taken to your parents?如果谓语表示的动作(情况)发生时, 不定式表示动作正在进行,这时候不定式就要用进行式.（to be doing）They are said to be building another bridge across the street.They seemed to be talking about something important.When I went to his home, he happened to be traveling around the world.I’m glad to be working with you.如果不定式所表示的动作或状态发生在谓语动词所表示动作或状态之前，就用完成式 (to have done) ；若是在此基础上的被动含义，就用完成被动式( to have been done).He is said to have written a novel about the Long March.He thought it a pity not to have invited us.The assistant seemed to have been fired.He is said to have been taught French when he was a child.Einstein is said to have built up his theory when he was in his twenties.如果不定式的动作是在谓语所表示的时间之前一直在进行的动作，就要用完成进行式.They are said to have been collecting folk song in Xinjiang.We’re happy to have been working with the experts all the month.B. 用法：动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征。

高中英语动词不定式的用法ppt课件

They will attempt to cross the river tonight.
→ They will make another attempt to cross the river tonight.
She promised not to do that again.
→ She made a promise not to do that again.
3
E．不定式的被动形式当不定式逻辑上的主语是这个不定式表
示的动作的承受者时，不定式一般要用被动形式。不定式的被动形式根据其与谓语动作发生的先后关系，有一般式和完成时两种。 1．一般式 to be done These are the books to be given out to the students. 这些是要发给学生的书。 2．完成式 to have been done The novel is said to have been translated into many languages. 据说这部小说已被译成多种语言。
4
一、不定式结构作主语
To see one time is better than to hear a hundred times.
To persevere means victory! 注①：在很多情况下，特别是在口语中，常采用先行it代替主语，而把不定式后置：
It’s a great pleasure to be here.
5
注③：不定式结构的逻辑主语通常可在特定的上下文或情景
中看出，也可以由“ for + 名词词组” 来表示，如：
It is not hard for one to do a bit of good.

动词不定式语法总结

动词不定式语法总结动词不定式是英语中的一种特殊形式，由“to + 动词原形”构成。

它在句子中可以充当名词、形容词或副词，具有多种用法和功能。

本文将对动词不定式的语法进行总结和归纳。

一、动词不定式作主语动词不定式可以作为句子的主语，常用结构为“动词不定式+ 谓语”。

例如：“To learn a foreign language is beneficial for personal development.”（学习一门外语对个人发展是有益的）。

“To travel is my dream.”（旅行是我的梦想）。

二、动词不定式作宾语1. 动词不定式作及物动词的宾语，常用结构为“动词+ 动词不定式”。

例如：“I want to learn how to play the guitar.”（我想学弹吉他）。

“She promised to help me with my homework.”（她答应帮我做作业）。

2. 动词不定式作介词的宾语，常用结构为“介词 + 动词不定式”。

例如：“I am good at playing basketball.”（我擅长打篮球）。

“He is interested in learning about different cultures.”（他对了解不同文化很感兴趣）。

三、动词不定式作表语动词不定式可以作为句子的表语，常用结构为“主语+ 系动词+动词不定式”。

例如：“Her dream is to become a doctor.”（她的梦想是成为一名医生）。

“His goal is to win the championship.”（他的目标是赢得冠军）。

四、动词不定式作定语动词不定式可以作为句子中名词的定语，常用结构为“名词+ 动词不定式”。

例如：“I have a book to read.”（我有一本书要读）。

“She has a meeting to attend.”（她有一个会议要参加）。

动词不定式做主语,宾语,及双宾语结构

动词不定式(the infinitive)用法梳理（1）定义：动词不定式是由“不定式符号to+动词原形”构成的一种非谓语动词结构。

结构：“to +动词原形”，即“to do”,其中 to不是介词，而是动词不定式的符号，动词不定式没有人称和数的变化。

否定形式为：not / never + to do句法功能：一、用作主语○多数情况用it作形式主语，把真正的主语——动词不定式置于句末，特别是不定式短语较长时。

. To learn English well is not easy. = It’s not easy to learn English well.1. I t is our duty to try our best to deal with these problems.2. The head teacher said it was necessary to talk with his mother.○动词不定式作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。

To see is to believe.(眼见为实；百闻不如一见)【翻译】成为一个老师是我的梦想。

.○疑问词+不定式短语作主语可置于句首。

How to learn English well is important.补充：用it作形式主语，把真正的主语不定式置于句后，常用于下列句式中。

如：① It＋be＋名词＋to do It's our duty to take good care of the old.② It takes sb + some time +to do How long did it take you to finish the work③ It＋be＋形容词＋for sb＋to do 逻辑主语It is difficult for us to finish writing the composition a quarter of an hour.④ It＋be＋形容词＋of sb＋to do “It is stupid of you to write down everything”， the teacher says.注意：在③中，常用表示客观情况的形容词，如：difficult, easy, hard, important, impossible, necessary 等；在④中，常用careless, clever, good, foolish, honest, kind, lazy, nice, right, silly, stupid,wise等表示赞扬或批评的词，强调对人的评价。

动词不定式讲解

动词不定式一、不定式的构成及变形动词不定式是由不定式符号to+动词原形构成，在某些情况下to也可省略。

⒈不定式的一般式不定式的一般式表示的动作通常与谓语的动作同时或几乎同时发生，或是在它之后发生。

如：He appears to be very happy.（同时发生）To catch the train, we'd better hurry to the station by taxi.（to catch the train发生在hurry to the station之后）⒉不定式的进行式不定式的进行式表示正在进行的或与谓语动词同时发生的动作。

如：It happened to be raining when I got there.⒊不定式的完成式不定式的完成式表示的动作在谓语表示的动作之前发生。

如：I'm sorry to have lost your key.⒋不定式的完成进行式不定式的完成进行式表示的动作在谓语之前发生并且一直进行着。

如：He was said to have been living in London for twenty years.不定式的时态意义：如：He is said to be studying abroad.（不定式的进行式表示动作正在进行）He is said to have studied abroad.（不定式的完成式表示动作已经结束）⒌不定式的被动形式当不定式逻辑上的主语是这个不定式表示的动作的承受者时，不定式一般要用被动形式。

不定式的被动形式根据其与谓语动作发生的先后关系，有一般式和完成时两种。

①一般式to be done如：These are the books to be given out to the students.②完成式to have been done如：The novel is said to have been translated into many languages.⒍不定式的否定形式不定式的否定形式由not或never加不定式构成。

todo不定式放在句首的标志

todo不定式放在句首的标志to do结构位于句首，可表条件（除去作主语和目的状语外）尽管中高考英语还没有考查到这点，但我们也要知道句首的不定式——无疑是可以表达条件（从句）的含义的。

《新编高级英语语法》（章振邦主编）第534页不定式分句还能表示条件，通常置于句首。

例如：To listen to him, you should think that no problem whatever existed（什么问题也没有）.To hear him talk, you would think he owned the whole world.《英语语法大全》（张道真编著下）第590页1124(3)作状语的不定式表示条件。

在不定式这样用时，谓语中常包含will, shall, should, would, must, can或could这样的助动词。

To say such a clever thing, he can’t be a fool.To see her, you wouldn’t believe she is already forty.To be really useful, a book must be read several times.To study music, one must start at six.外研社《英汉多功能词典》第2253页to第9词条：to（表条件）一旦……（就会认为）：To take with him, you would think he is a warm-hearted man, but in fact he isn’t.一旦你和他聊一下，就会认为他是一个热心的人，其实不然。

《大学英语语法——讲座与测试》第五版第612页2：有时候，作主语的不定式相当于一个条件从句。

例如：To love others is to be loved. = If you love others, you will be loved by others.爱人即爱己。