51-65(2015上海高考综合填空)分析
2015年高考试题——英语(上海卷)+Word版含解析
考生注意：考试时间120分钟，试卷满分150分。
本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。
试卷分为第Ⅰ卷（第1-12页）和第Ⅱ卷（第13页），全卷共13页。
所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（填空题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。
答题前，务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上，在答题纸反面清楚地填写姓名。
第Ⅰ卷（共103分）I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1.A. impatient B. confused C. pleased D. regretful【答案】 A【解析】原文：2. A. at a bus stopB. at a laundryC. at the dentist’s D. at the chemist’s【答案】 C【解析】原文：3. A. An actor B. A salesman C. A translator D. A writer 【答案】 D【解析】原文：4. A. He lost his classmate’s homework.B. He can’t help the woman with her math.C. He broke the woman’s calculator.D. He doesn’t know where the ―on‖ button is.【答案】 C【解析】原文：【考点定位】学习类5. A. The woman should go to another counter.B. The woman gives the man so many choices.C. The man dislike the sandwiches offered there.D. The man is having trouble deciding what to eat.【答案】 D【解析】原文：6. A. She has no idea where to find the man’s exam result.B. She isn’t allowed to tell students their grades.C. Dr. White hasn’t finish grading the papers.D. D r. White doesn’t want to be contacted while he’s away.【答案】 B【解析】M: Ms. Chen, I was wondering if you could find out how I did on the mid-term exam.W: Sorry, Doctor White is out of town and I’m not in a position to give out that kind of information.7. A. Move to a neat dormitory B. Find a person to share their apartmentC. Clean the room with the roommateD. Write an article about their roommate8. A. Bob won’t take her adviceB. Bob doesn’t want to go abroadC. She doesn’t think Bob s hould study overseasD. She hasn’t talked to Bob since he went aboard【答案】 C【解析】M: I heard that Bob is planning to study abroadW: Not if I can talk him out of it, believe me, I'm tryingQ: what does the woman imply?9. A. The snack bar isn’t usually so empty. B. Dessert is served in the snack bar.C. The snack bar is near the library.D. Snacks aren’t allowed in the library.【答案】 A【解析】原文：10. A. Take her bicycle to the repair shop. B. Leave her bicycle outside.C. Clean the garage after the rain stops.D. Check if the garage is dry.【答案】 BSection BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. It helps care for customers’ dogs.B. You have to buy food for dogs.C. None of the dogs are caged.D. There is a dog named Princess.12. A. She likes the food there.B. She enjoys the fun with a pet.C. She can have free coffee.D. She doesn’t like to be alone.13. A. A new kind of cafe.B. A new brand of cafe.C. A new home for pets.D. A new way to raise pets.【答案】11. C12. B13. A【解析】The dogs there are in cages around the room. First, you choose a dog. Then it comes out of the cage. You can buy food for it. The Bau House is different from the Snoopy Café. You don’t have to choose a dog at the Bau House. All the dogs sit, play or run around while people drink coffee and eat sandwiches. You can play with all the dogs at the Bau House. LaureyChuong goes to the Snoopy Café about once a week. She likes to play with Princess, her favorite dog. She often buys food for Princess, too. Lori likes to go to the Snoopy Café for many reasons. ―I love dogs,‖ she says, ―but my apartment is too small for a dog. Also, dogs don’t like to be alone and I work all day.‖ So when Laurey needs to have some fun with a pet, she go es to the dog café to see princess. Dog cafés are very popular in Korea. But they are not cheap. A cup of coffee costs about 3 dollars and 50 cents, but the fun is free.11. C 录音内容为―The Bau House is different from the Snoopy Café. You don’t have to choose a dog at the Bau House. All the dogs sit, play or run around while people drink coffee and eat sandwiches.‖第一句明确交代了the Bau House与the Snoopy Café的不同，考生需要听到这里时注意听该句后面的内容，就能选出答案。
2015年上海高考数学(理科)填空选择真题解析
一. 填空题（本大题共有 14 题，每题 4 分，满分 56 分） 1. 设全集 U R ，若集合 A {1, 2,3, 4} ， B {x | 2 x 3} ，则 A CU B 【解析】 CU B {x | x 2 或 x 3} ，∴ A CU B {1, 4} 【答案】 {1, 4} 2. 若复数 z 满足 3 z z 1 i ，其中 i 为虚数单位，则 z 【解析】设 z a bi ，∴ 4a 2bi 1 i ，即 a 【答案】 ； ；
3 2 a a 16 3 ，解得 a 4 4
r r 2 h2 2 ，解得 r 3h r h
3
；
7. 方程 log 2 (9 x1 5) log 2 (3x 1 2) 2 的解为
【解析】 log 2 (9 x 1 5) log 2 (3x 1 2) 2 log 2 (4 3x1 8) ，即 9 x 1 5 4 3x1 8 ， 设 3 t ，化简得 t 12t 27 0 ，即 t 3 或 t 9 ，解得 x 1 （舍）或 x 2 【答案】 x 2 资料整理
10 r
的通项
r r r r r 2015 r C10 即整体通项为 C10C10 r x ， ∴ r 2015r 2 ，r 10 r ，r N 且 r N ， r x ， r r r 综上， r 只能为 0，此时 r 2 ，∴ C10 C10 r x 2015 r 2 2 C10 x
m 的 最小值为
；
【解析】根据题意， | f ( xm 1 ) f ( xm ) | 2 ，如图所示，最少需要 8 个数
2015年上海高考语文试卷考点分析、预测剖析
2015年上海高考语文试题试卷逐题分析考生注意：1．本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分，试卷包括试题与答题要求，所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。
2．答卷前，务必用钢笔或圆珠笔在答题纸正面清楚地填写姓名、准考证号，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上，在答题纸反面清楚地填写姓名。
3．答题纸与试卷在试题编号上是一一对应的，答题时应特别注意，不能错位。
4．考试时间150分钟。
试卷满分150分。
整体分析:(本部分内容摘自上海考试研究院)科学反映考生能力思辨写作有新特点2015年上海高考语文试卷命题原则是：继承和发扬中华民族的传统文化，体现社会主义核心价值观，遵循语文学科特点，注重命题的准确性和测量的科学性，体现二期课改理念，切实做到有利于高校选拔合格新生，有利于中学实施素质教育，有利于培养学生的创新精神和实践能力，有利于语文教学实际。
一、阅读材料的选择文本材料在高度契合测量目标的同时，保证材料的普适性，让大多数学生在阅读兴趣、阅读能力和阅读心理上做到自然、公平接受，同时材料选择的多样性，体现出个性化的阅读需求，还能够紧密贴近考生现代生活，比如第一篇现代文《地图与理论模型》是一篇典型的说明文，其说明对象是科学家研究世界所构建的理论模型，说明对象具有虚构和理性的特点，不过作者通过地图这一人人熟悉的“模型”来类比说明，虚构变成具体，理性落于感性，达到了清晰明白、平易近人的说明效果。
这一文本有利于提高现代都市人的科技素养，与考生现在及将来的学习生活一致，也与高考“是为全国普通高等学校招生而进行的选拔性考试”的考试性质相一致。
古诗文阅读的选文注重文本测试的适切性，力避偏、难、怪，同时注重民族文化，体现核心价值，注重对传统文化中美的挖掘。
二、阅读试题的编制高考作为选拔性考试，考试结果需要具有高信度，考试结果的解释和使用应该具有高效度，试题编制需要科学严谨，试题的题干指向和试题考查的能力需清晰明确。
2015年高考真题——英语(上海卷)_Word版含解析
2015年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（上海卷）英语考生注意：1.考试时间120分钟，试卷满分150分。
2.本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。
试卷分为第Ⅰ卷（第1-12页）和第Ⅱ卷（第13页），全卷共13页。
所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（填空题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。
答题前，务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上，在答题纸反面清楚地填写姓名。
第Ⅰ卷（共103分）I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the endof each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversation and thequestion will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, readthe four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the questionyou have heard.1.A. impatient B. confused C. pleased D. regretful2. A. at a bus stopB. at a laundryC. at the dentist’s D. at the chemist’s3. A. An actor B. A salesman C. A translator D. A writer4. A. He lost his classmate’s homework.B. He can’t help the woman with her math.C. He broke the woman’s calculator.D. He doesn’t know where the “on” button is.5. A. The woman should go to another counter.B. The woman gives the man so many choices.C. The man dislike the sandwiches offered there.D. The man is having trouble deciding what to eat.6. A. She has no idea where to find the man’s exam result.B. She isn’t allowed to te ll students their grades.C. Dr. White hasn’t finish grading the papers.D. Dr. White doesn’t want to be contacted while he’s away.7. A. Move to a neat dormitory B. Find a person to share their apartmentC. Clean the room with the roommateD. Write an article about their roommate8. A. Bob won’t take her adviceB. Bob doesn’t want to go abroadC. She doesn’t think Bob should study overseasD. She hasn’t talked to Bob since he went aboard9. A. The snack bar isn’t usually so empty. B. Dessert is served in the snack bar.C. The snack bar is near the library.D. Snacks aren’t allowed in thelibrary.10. A. Take her bicycle to the repair shop. B. Leave her bicycle outside.C. Clean the garage after the rain stops.D. Check if the garage is dry.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. It helps care for customers’ dogs.B. You have to buy food for dogs.C. None of the dogs are caged.D. There is a dog named Princess.12. A. She likes the food there.B. She enjoys the fun with a pet.C. She can have free coffee.D. She doesn’t like to be alone.13. A. A new kind of cafe.B. A new brand of cafe.C. A new home for pets.D. A new way to raise pets.Question 14 through 16 are based on the following passages.14. A. A trend that high achievers are given a lower salary.B. A view that life quality is more important than pay.C. A dream of the young for fast-paced jobs.D. A new term created by high achievers.15. A. 10% B. 12% C. 6% D. 7%16. A. People are less satisfied with their lives.B. The financial investment may increase.C. Well-paid jobs are not easy to find.D. Unexpected problems may arise.Section CDirections: In section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN ONE WORD for each answer.Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.II. Grammar and vocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form. of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)Gift from a strangerMy local supermarket is always busy. The first parking space I found was convenient, but I'd noticed a woman in a blue car circling for a while. (25) _____ I was in a good mood, I let her have it. On the edge of the car park I backed into the next available spot—it was a tight fit.Pretty soon I'd made my way through the supermarket and was back in the fresh air. Feeling good, I (26) _____(empty) my purse change into the hands of a homeless man and helped a struggling woman reverse park（倒车）.Just as I approached my car, 1 saw the woman I'd let have my car space earlier. She was giving me (27) _____ odd look—half puzzled, half intent (热切的). I smiled and wished her a pleasant day. As I squeezed back into my car, I spotted the same lady (28) _____ (look) in at me. "Hello," she said, hesitantly. "This (29) _____ sound crazy but I was on my way to drop some of my mother's things off at the charity bins.” You are just so much (30) _____ her.” Y ou helped those people, I noticed, and you seemed so happy.” She looked at me meaningfully and passed a box in through the window. “I think she would like you to have it.” (31) _____ (shock), I took it from her automatically. She smiled and walked away.After a pause, I opened the box. Inside was a beautiful gold necklace with a large grey pearl. It was (32) _____ (nice) gift I'd ever received, and it was from a complete stranger. The necklace was around my neck, a warm reminder of human kindness.(B)Ask helpful HannahDear helpful Hannah,I’ve got a problem with my husband, Sam. He bought a smart phone a couple of months ago and he took it on our recent ski vacation to Colorado, it was a great trip except for one problem. He has a constant urge (33) for next messages; he checks his phone every five minutes! He’s so addicted to it that he just can’t stand the idea (34) there may be an important text. He can’t help checking even at inappropriate times like when we are eating in a restaurant and I am talking to him! He behaves (35) any small amount of boredom can make him feel the need to check his phone even when he know he shouldn’t. The temptation to see (36) is connecting him is just too great. When I ask him to put down the phone and stop (37) (ignore) me, he say, “In a minute.” but still checks to see if (38) has posted something new on the Internet. Our life (39) (interrupted). If we go somewhere and I ask him tohave the phone at home, he suffers from withdrawal symptom. May this dependency on his smart phone has become more than an everyday problem.I recently read an article about “nomophobia,” (40) is a real illness people can’t suffer from the fear of being without your phone! I am worried that Sam maybe suffering from this illness because he feels anxious if he doesn’t have his phone with him, even for a short time. Who would have thought that little devices like these could have brought so much trouble!Sick and Tired SadieSection BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Considering how much time people spend in effects, it is important that with A be well designed. Well-designed office spaces help create a corporation’s image. They motivate workers and they make an impression on people who visit and might be potential, or 41 , customers. They make business work better, and they are a part of the corporate culture to live in.As we move away from an industrial-based economy to a knowledge-based one, office designers come up with 42 to the traditional work environments of the past. The design industry has moved away from a fixed office setup and created more flexible “strategic management environments.” These 43 solutions are meant to support better organizational performance.As employee hierarchies （等级制度）have flattene d or decreased, office designers’ response to this change has been to move open-plan areas to more desirable locations within the office and create fewer formal private offices. The need for increased flexibility has also been 44 by changes in workstation design. Office and work spaces often are not 45 to a given person on a permanent basis. Because of changes to methods of working, new design allowfor expansion or movement of desks, storage, and equipment within the workplace. Another important design goal is communication, which designers have improved by breaking the walls that 46 workstations. Designers have also created informal gathering places and upgraded employees’47 to heavily trafficked areas such as copy and coffee rooms.Corporate and institutional office designers often struggle to resolve a number of competing and often 48 demands, including budgetary limits, employees hierarchies and technological innovation (especially in relation to computerization). These demands must also be balanced with the need to create interiors (内饰) that in some way enhance, establish or possess a company’s image and will enable employees to 49 and their best.All these 50 of office design are related. The most successful office designs are like good marriage—the well-designed office and the employees that occupy it are seemingly made for each other.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.If you studied pictures that ancient people left on rock walls and you tried to determine their meaning, you would not detect interest in romance among the artists. 51 , you would see plenty of animals with people running after them. Life for ancient people’s earned to center on hunting and gathering wild foods for meals.In modern times, when food is available in grocery stores, finding love is more 52 in people’s lives. The 53 is all around us. It is easy to prepare a list of modern stories having to do with love. An endless number of books and movies qualify as love stories in popular culture.Researchers are studying whether love, a highly valued emotional state, can be 54 . They ask, what is love? Toothpaste companies want us to think attraction is all about clean teeth, but clean teeth go only so far. Scientists wonder how much the brain gets involved. You have probably heard that opposites attract but that 55 attract, too. One thing is certain: The truth about love is not yet set in stone.First ImpressionTo help determine the 56 of attraction, researchers paired 164 college classmates andhad them talk for 3, 6 or 10 minutes so they could get a sense of each other’s individuality. Then students were asked to 57 what kind of relationship they were likely to build with their partners. After nine weeks, they reported what happened.As it turned out, their 58 judgments often held true. Students seemed to 59 at an early stage who would best fit into their lives.The 60 KnowsScientists have also turned to nonhumans to increase understanding of attraction. Many animals give off pheromones — natural chemicals that can be detected by, and then can produce a response in, other animals of the same species. Pheromones can signal that an animal is either ready to fight or is feeling 61 to partnerships. In contrast, humans do not seem to be as 62 as other animals at detecting such chemicals. Smell, however, does seem to play a part in human attraction. Although we may not be aware of chemicals like pheromones consciously, we give and receive loads of information through smell in every interaction with other people.Face ValueBeing fond of someone seems to have a number of factors, including seeing something we find attractive. Researchers had people judge faces for 63 . The participants had 0.013 seconds to view each face, yet somehow they generally considered the images the same as people who had more time to study the same faces. The way we 64 attractiveness seem to be somewhat automatic.When shown an attractive face and then words with good or bad associations, people responded to 65 words faster after viewing an attractive face. Seeing something attractive seems to cause happy thinking.51. A. Instead B. Therefore C. Moreover D. Otherwise52. A. romantic B. stressful C. central D. artificial53. A. priority B. proof C. possibility D. principle54. A. tested B. impressed C. changed D. created55. A. appearances B. virtues C. similarities D. passions56. A. illustrations B. implications C. ingredients D. intentions57. A. predict B. investigate C. diagnose D. recall58. A. critical B. initial C. random D. mature59. A. memorize B. distinguish C. negotiate D. question60. A. Nose B. Eye C. Heart D. Hand61. A. open B. alert C. resistant D. superior62. A. disappointed B. amazed C. confused D. gifted63. A. emotion B. attractiveness C. individuality D. signals64. A. enhance B. possess C. maintain D. assess65. A. familiar B. plain C. positive D. irritating第二部分：阅读理解（第一节共20小题，第二节5小题；每小题2分，满分50分）阅读下列材料，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该选项标号涂黑。
2015年高考上海卷文数试题解析(精编版)(解析版)
2015年高考上海卷文数试题解析（精编版）（解析版）一．填空题（本大题共14小题，满分56分）考生应在答题纸相应编号的空格内直接填写结果，每个空格填对得4分，否则一律零分）1.函数x x f 2sin 31)(-=的最小正周期为 . 【答案】π2.设全集R =U .若集合}4,3,2,1{=A ，}32|{<≤=x x B ，则=)(B C A U . 【答案】}4,1{【解析】因为}32|{<≤=x x B ，所以2|{<=x x B C U 或}3≥x ，又因为}4,3,2,1{=A ， 所以}4,1{)(=B C A U . 【考点定位】集合的运算.3.若复数z 满足i z z +=+13，其中i 是虚数单位，则=z . 【答案】i 2141+ 【解析】设),(R ∈+=b a bi a z ，则bi a -=，因为i z z +=+13，所以i bi a bi a +=-++1)(3，即i bi a +=+124，所以⎩⎨⎧==1214b a ，即⎪⎪⎩⎪⎪⎨⎧==2141b a ，所以i z 2141+=. 【考点定位】复数的概念，复数的运算.4.设)(1x f-为12)(+=x xx f 的反函数，则=-)2(1f . 【答案】32-5.若线性方程组的增广矩阵为 ⎝⎛02 13 ⎪⎪⎭⎫21c c 解为⎩⎨⎧==53y x ，则=-21c c . 【答案】166.若正三棱柱的所有棱长均为a ，且其体积为316，则=a . 【答案】4【解析】依题意，3162321=⨯⨯⨯⨯a a a ，解得4=a . 【考点定位】等边三角形的性质，正三棱柱的性质.7.抛物线)0(22>=p px y 上的动点Q 到焦点的距离的最小值为1，则=p . 【答案】2【解析】依题意，点Q 为坐标原点，所以12=p，即2=p . 【考点定位】抛物线的性质，最值.8. 方程2)23(log )59(log 1212+-=---x x 的解为 . 【答案】2【考点定位】对数方程.【名师点睛】利用24log 2=，)0,0(log log log >>=+n m mn n m a a a 将已知方程变形同底数2的两个对数式相等，再根据真数相等得到关于x 的指数方程，再利用换元法求解.与对数有关的问题，应注意对数的真数大于零.9.若y x ,满足⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧≥≤+≥-020y y x y x ，则目标函数y x z 2+=的最大值为.【答案】3【考点定位】不等式组表示的平面区域，简单的线性规划.10. 在报名的3名男教师和6名女教师中，选取5人参加义务献血，要求男、女教师都有，则不同的选取方式的种数为 （结果用数值表示）. 【答案】120【考点定位】组合，分类计数原理.11.在62)12(x x +的二项式中，常数项等于 （结果用数值表示）. 【答案】240【解析】由r r rr r rr x C xx C T 366626612)1()2(---+⋅⋅=⋅⋅=，令036=-r ，所以2=r ，所以常数项为2402426=⋅C .【考点定位】二项式定理.【名师点睛】求二项展开式中的指定项，一般是利用通项公式进行，化简通项公式后，令字母的指数符合要求(求常数项时，指数为零；求有理项时，指数为整数等)．12.已知双曲线1C 、2C 的顶点重合，1C 的方程为1422=-y x ，若2C 的一条渐近线的斜率是1C 的一条渐近线的斜率的2倍，则2C 的方程为 .【答案】14422=-y x【考点定位】双曲线的性质，直线的斜率.13.已知平面向量a 、b 、c 满足b a ⊥，且}3,2,1{|}||,||,{|=c b a ，则||c b a ++的最大值是 . 【答案】53+【考点定位】平向量的模，向量垂直.【名师点睛】本题考查分析转化能力.设向量、、的坐标，用坐标表示++，利用辅助角公式求三角函数的最值.即可求得||++的最大值.14.已知函数x x f sin )(=.若存在1x ，2x ，⋅⋅⋅，m x 满足π6021≤<⋅⋅⋅<<≤m x x x ，且12|)()(||)()(||)()(|13221=-+⋅⋅⋅+-+--m m x f x f x f x f x f x f ),2(*∈≥N m m ，则m 的最小值为. 【答案】8二．选择题（本大题共4小题，满分20分）每题有且只有一个正确答案案，考生应在答题纸的相应编号上，将代表答案的小方格涂黑，选对得5分，否则一律零分.15. 设1z 、C ∈2z ，则“1z 、2z 均为实数”是“21z z -是实数”的（ ）. A. 充分非必要条件 B.必要非充分条件 C.充要条件 D.既非充分又非必要条件 【答案】A【解析】设),(11111R ∈+=b a i b a z ，),(22222R ∈+=b a i b a z ，若1z 、2z 均为实数，则021==b b ，所以21212121)(a a i b b a a z z -=-+-=-是实数；【考点定位】复数的概念，充分条件、必要条件的判定.16. 下列不等式中，与不等式23282<+++x x x 解集相同的是（ ）.A. 2)32)(8(2<+++x x xB. )32(282++<+x x xC. 823212+<++x x x D. 218322>+++x x x 【答案】B17. 已知点 A 的坐标为)1,34(，将OA 绕坐标原点O 逆时针旋转3π至OB ，则点B 的纵坐标为（ ）.A.233 B. 235C.211 D. 213 【答案】D因为491)34(2222=+=+n m ，所以491692722=+n n ，所以213=n 或213-=n （舍去），所以点B 的纵坐标为213. 【考点定位】三角函数的定义，和角的正切公式，两点间距离公式.18. 设),(n n n y x P 是直线)(12*∈+=-N n n ny x 与圆222=+y x 在第一象限的交点，则极限=--∞→11limn n n x y ( ).A. 1-B. 21-C. 1D. 2 【答案】A三．解答题（本大题共5题，满分74分）解答下列各题必须在答题纸相应编号的规定区域内写出必要的步骤.19.（本题满分12分）如图，圆锥的顶点为P ，底面的一条直径为AB ，C 为半圆弧AB 的中点，E 为劣弧CB 的中点.已知2=PO ，1=OA ，求三棱锥AOC P -的体积，并求异面直线PA 与OE 所成角的大小.【答案】1010arccos【考点定位】圆锥的性质，异面直线的夹角.20.（本题满分14分）本题共2小题，第1小题6分，第2小题8分.已知函数xax x f 1)(2+=，其中a 为实数. （1）根据a 的不同取值，判断函数)(x f 的奇偶性，并说明理由； （2）若)3,1(∈a ，判断函数)(x f 在]2,1[上的单调性，并说明理由. 【答案】（1）)(x f 是非奇非偶函数；（2）函数)(x f 在]2,1[上单调递增. 【解析】（1）当0=a 时，xx f 1)(=，显然是奇函数； 当0≠a 时，1)1(+=a f ，1)1(-=-a f ，)1()1(-≠f f 且0)1()1(≠-+f f ， 所以此时)(x f 是非奇非偶函数.【考点定位】函数的奇偶性、单调性.21.（本小题14分）本题共2小题，第1小题6分，第2小题8分.如图，C B A ,,三地有直道相通，5=AB 千米，3=AC 千米，4=BC 千米.现甲、乙两警员同时从A 地出发匀速前往B 地，经过t 小时，他们之间的距离为)(t f （单位：千米）.甲的路线是AB ，速度为5千米/小时，乙的路线是ACB ，速度为8千米/小时.乙到达B 地后原地等待.设1t t =时乙到达C 地.（1）求1t 与)(1t f 的值；（2）已知警员的对讲机的有效通话距离是3千米.当11≤≤t t 时，求)(t f 的表达式，并判断)(t f 在]1,[1t 上得最大值是否超过3？说明理由.【答案】（1）h 83，8413千米；（2）超过了3千米. 【解析】（1）h v AC t 831==乙，设此时甲运动到点P ，则8151==t v AP 甲千米，所以=⋅⋅-+==A AP AC AP AC PC t f cos 2)(22184135381532)815(322=⨯⨯⨯-+=千米.【考点定位】余弦定理的实际运用，函数的值域.【名师点睛】分段函数是一类重要的函数模型．解决分段函数问题，关键抓住在不同的段内研究问题， 分段函数的值域，先求各段函数的值域，再求并集.22.（本题满分14分）本题共3个小题，第1小题4分，第2小题6分，第3小题6分.已知椭圆1222=+y x ，过原点的两条直线1l 和2l 分别于椭圆交于A 、B 和C 、D ，设AOC ∆的面积为S .（1）设),(11y x A ，),(22y x C ，用A 、C 的坐标表示点C 到直线1l 的距离，并证明||21221y x y x S -=；（2）设kx y l =:1，)33,33(C ，31=S ，求k 的值；（3）设1l 与2l 的斜率之积为m ，求m 的值，使得无论1l 与2l 如何变动，面积S 保持不变. 【答案】（1）详见解析；（2）1-=k 或51-=k ；（3）21-=m .由（1）得2111221216|1|3|3333|21||21kk kx x y x y x S +-=-=-=由题意知31216|1|32=+-k k ，解得1-=k 或51-=k .（3）设kx y l =:1，则x kmy l=:2，设),(11y x A ，),(22y x C ， 由⎩⎨⎧=+=1222y x kx y ，的221211k x +=， 同理2222222)(211m k k km x +=+=，由（1）知，||||||21||21||2121212111221x x k m k kx x k mx x y x y x S ⋅-⋅=⋅-⋅=-= 22222212||mk k m k +⋅+-=，整理得0)18()2164()18(22222242=-++++-m S k m m S S k S ， 由题意知S 与k 无关，则⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧=++=-021640182222m m S S S ，解得⎪⎪⎩⎪⎪⎨⎧-==21812m S .所以21-=m . 【考点定位】椭圆的性质，直线与椭圆的位置关系.23.（本题满分16分）本题共3小题.第1小题4分，第2小题6分，第3小题6分. 已知数列}{n a 与}{n b 满足)(211n n n n b b a a -=-++，*∈N n . （1）若53+=n b n ，且11=a ，求数列}{n a 的通项公式；（2）设}{n a 的第0n 项是最大项，即)N (0*∈≥n a a n n ，求证：数列}{n b 的第0n 项是最大项；（3）设130a λ=<，n n b λ=)N (*∈n ，求λ的取值范围，使得对任意m ，*∈N n ，0n a ≠，且1(,6)6m na a ∈. 【答案】（1）56-=n a n ；（2）详见解析；（3）)0,41(-.（3）因为n n b λ=，所以)(211n n n n a a λλ-=-++，当2≥n 时，112211)()()(a a a a a a a a n n n n n +-+⋅⋅⋅+-+-=---λλλλλλλ3)(2(2)(22211+-+⋅⋅⋅+-+-=---n n n nλλ+=n 2，由指数函数的单调性知，}{n a 的最大值为0222<+=λλa ，最小值为λ31=a ， 由题意，nma a 的最大值及最小值分别是12321+=λa a 及31212+=λa a ，由61312>+λ及6123<+λ，解得041<<-λ， 综上所述，λ的取值范围是)0,41(-.【考点定位】数列的递推公式，等差数列的性质，常数列，数列的最大项，指数函数的单调性.。
2015年高考真题——英语(上海卷) Word版含解析
考生注意：考试时间120分钟，试卷满分150分。
本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。
试卷分为第Ⅰ卷（第1-12页）和第Ⅱ卷（第13页），全卷共13页。
所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（填空题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。
答题前，务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上，在答题纸反面清楚地填写姓名。
第Ⅰ卷（共103分）I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1.A. impatient B. confused C. pleased D. regretful【答案】 A【解析】原文：2. A. at a bus stopB. at a laundryC. at the dentist’s D. at the chemist’s【答案】 C【解析】原文：3. A. An actor B. A salesman C. A translator D. A writer 【答案】 D【解析】原文：4. A. He lost his classmate’s homework.B. He can’t help the woman with her math.C. He broke the woman’s calculator.D. He doesn’t know where the “on” bu tton is.【答案】 C【解析】原文：【考点定位】学习类5. A. The woman should go to another counter.B. The woman gives the man so many choices.C. The man dislike the sandwiches offered there.D. The man is having trouble deciding what to eat.【答案】 D【解析】原文：6. A. S he has no idea where to find the man’s exam result.B. She isn’t allowed to tell students their grades.C. Dr. White hasn’t finish grading the papers.D. Dr. White doesn’t want to be contacted while he’s away.【答案】 B【解析】M: Ms. Chen, I was wondering if you could find out how I did on the mid-term exam.W: Sorry, Doctor White is out of town and I’m not in a position to give out that kind of information.7. A. Move to a neat dormitory B. Find a person to share their apartmentC. Clean the room with the roommateD. Write an article about their roommate8. A. Bob won’t take her adviceB. Bob doesn’t want to go abroadC. She doesn’t think Bob should study overseasD. She hasn’t talked to Bob since he went aboard【答案】 C【解析】M: I heard that Bob is planning to study abroadW: Not if I can talk him out of it, believe me, I'm tryingQ: what does the woman imply?9. A. The snack bar isn’t usually so empty. B. Dessert is served in the snack bar.C. The snack bar is near the library.D. Snac ks aren’t allowed in the library.【答案】 A【解析】原文：10. A. Take her bicycle to the repair shop. B. Leave her bicycle outside.C. Clean the garage after the rain stops.D. Check if the garage is dry.【答案】 BSection BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. It helps care for customers’ dogs.B. You have to buy food for dogs.C. None of the dogs are caged.D. There is a dog named Princess.12. A. She likes the food there.B. She enjoys the fun with a pet.C. She can have free coffee.D. She doesn’t like to be alone.13. A. A new kind of cafe.B. A new brand of cafe.C. A new home for pets.D. A new way to raise pets.【答案】11. C12. B13. A【解析】The dogs there are in cages around the room. First, you choose a dog. Then it comes out of the cage. You can buy food for it. The Bau House is different from the Snoopy Café. You don’t have to choose a dog at the Bau House. All the dogs sit, play or run around while people drink coffee and eat sandwiches. You can play with all the dogs at the Bau House. LaureyChuong goes to the Snoopy Café about once a week. She likes to play with Princess, her favorite dog. She often buys food for Princess, too. Lori likes to go to the Snoopy Café for many reasons. “I love dogs,” she says, “but my apartment is too small for a dog. Also, dogs don’t like to be alone and I work all day.” So when Laurey needs to have some fun with a pet, she goes to the dog café to see princess. Dog cafés are very popular in Korea. But they are not cheap. A cup of coffee costs about 3 dollars and 50 cents, but the fun is free.11. C 录音内容为“The Bau House is different from the Snoopy Café. You don’t have to choose a dog at the Bau House. All the dogs sit, play or run around while people drink coffee and eat sandwiches.”第一句明确交代了the Bau House与the Snoopy Café的不同，考生需要听到这里时注意听该句后面的内容，就能选出答案。
2015年上海英语高考真题 完形填空及参考答案精校版
2015年上海英语高考真题完形填空及参考答案精校版III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.If you studied pictures that ancient people left on rock walls and you tried to determine their meaning, you would not detect interest in romance among the artists. 51 , you would see plenty of animals with people running after them. Life for ancient people seemed to center on hunting and gathering wild foods for meals.In modern times, when food is available in grocery stores, finding love is more 52 to people’s lives. The53 is all around us. It is easy to prepare a list of modern stories having to do with love. An endless number of books and movies qualify as love stories in popular culture.Researchers are studying whether love, a highly valued emotional state, can be 54 . They ask, what is love? Toothpaste companies want us to think attraction is all about clean teeth, but clean teeth go only so far. Scientists wonder how much the brain gets involved. You have probably heard that opposites attract but that 55 attract, too. One thing is certain: The truth about love is not yet set in stone.First ImpressionTo help determine the 56 of attraction, researchers paired 164 college classmates and had them talk for 3, 6 or 10 minutes so they could get a sense of each other’s indivi duality. Then students were asked to 57 what kind of relationship they were likely to build with their partners. After nine weeks, they reported what happened.As it turned out, their 58 judgments often held true. Students seemed to 59 at an early stage who would best fit into their lives.The 60 KnowsScientists have also turned to nonhumans to increase understanding of attraction. Many animals give off pheromones — natural chemicals that can be detected by, and then can produce a response in, other animals of the same species. Pheromones can signal that an animal is either ready to fight or is feeling 61 to partnerships. In contrast, humans do not seem to be as 62 as other animals at detecting such chemicals. Smell, however, does seem to play a part in human attraction. Although we may not be aware of chemicals like pheromones consciously, we give and receive loads of information through smell in every interaction with other people.Face ValueBeing fond of someone seems to have a number of factors, including seeing something we find attractive. Researchers had people judge faces for 63 . The participants had 0.013 seconds to view each face, yet somehow they generally considered the images the same as people who had more time to study the same faces. The way we 64 attractiveness seem to be somewhat automatic.When shown an attractive face and then words with good or bad associations, people responded to 65 words faster after viewing an attractive face. Seeing something attractive seems to cause happy thinking.51. A. Instead B. Therefore C. Moreover D. Otherwise52. A. romantic B. stressful C. central D. beneficial53. A. priority B. proof C. possibility D. principle54. A. tested B. imposed C. changed D. created55. A. appearances B. virtues C. similarities D. passions56. A. illustrations B. implications C. ingredients D. intentions57. A. predict B. investigate C. diagnose D. recall58. A. critical B. initial C. random D. mature59. A. memorize B. distinguish C. negotiate D. question60. A. Nose B. Eye C. Heart D. Hand61. A. open B. alert C. resistant D. superior62. A. disappointed B. amazed C. confused D. gifted63. A. emotion B. attractiveness C. individuality D. signals64. A. enhance B. possess C. maintain D. asses65. A. familiar B. plain C. positive D. irritating参考答案：51. A 52. C 53. B 54. D 55.C56. C 57. A 58. B 59. B 60. A61. A 62. D 63. B 64. D 65. C。
2015年上海市高考英语真题及详细解析(解析版,学生版,精校版)
2015年上海市高考英语试卷I.ListeningComprehension1．（1分）A．impatient B．confused C．pleased D．regretful．2．（1分）A．at a bus stop B．at a laundry C．at the dentist's D．at the chemist's．3．（1分）A．An actor B．A salesman C．A translator D．A writer．4．（1分）A．He lost his classmate's homework．B．He can't help the woman with her math．C．He broke the woman's calculator．D．He doesn't know where the"on"button is．5．（1分）A．The woman should go to another counter．B．The woman gives the man so many choices．C．The man dislike the sandwiches offered there．D．The man is having trouble deciding what to eat．6．（1分）A．She has no idea where to find the man's exam result．B．She isn't allowed to tell students their grades．C．Dr．White hasn't finish grading the papers．D．Dr．White doesn't want to be contacted while he's away．7．（1分）A．Move to a neat dormitoryB．Find a person to share their apartmentC．Clean the room with the roommateD．Write an article about their roommate．8．（1分）A．Bob won't take her adviceB．Bob doesn't want to go abroadC．She doesn't think Bob should study overseasD．She hasn't talked to Bob since he went aboard．9．（1分）A．The snack bar isn't usually so empty．B．Dessert is served in the snack bar．C．The snack bar is near the library．D．Snacks aren't allowed in the library．10．（1分）A．Take her bicycle to the repair shop．B．Leave her bicycle outside．C．Clean the garage after the rain stops．D．Check if the garage is dry．11．（3分）Questions 11through 13are based on the following passage．11．A．It helps care for customers'dogs．B．You have to buy food for dogs．C．None of the dogs are caged．D．There is a dog named Princess．12．A．She likes the food there．B．She enjoys the fun with a pet．C．She can have free coffee．D．She doesn't like to be alone．13．A．A new kind of cafe．B．A new brand of cafe．C．A new home for pets．D．A new way to raise pets．14．（3分）Questions 14through 16are based on the following passage．14．A．A trend that high achievers are given a lower salary．B．A view that life quality is more important than pay．C．A dream of the young for fast﹣paced jobs．D．A new term created by high achievers．15．A.10% B.12% C.6% D.7%16．A．People are less satisfied with their lives．B．The financial investment may increase．C．Well﹣paid jobs are not easy to find．D．Unexpected problems may arise．17．（4分）Directions：In Section C，you will hear two longer conversations．The conversations will be read twice．After you hear each conversation，you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard．Write your answers on your answer sheet．Blanks 17through 20are based on the following conversation．Complete the form．Write NO MORE THAN ONE WORD for each answer．21．（4分）Blanks 21through 24are based on the following conversation．Complete the form．Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer．II.GrammarandVocabulary25．（3分）Gift from a strangerMy local supermarket is always busy．The first parking space I found was convenient，but I'd noticed a woman in a blue car circling for a while．（25）I was in a good mood，I let her have it．On the edge of the car park I backed into the next available spot﹣it was a tight fit．Pretty soon I'd made my way through the supermarket and was back in the freshair．Feeling good，I （26）（empty）my purse change into the hands of a homeless man and helped a struggling woman reverse park．Just as I approached my car，1saw the woman I'd let have my car space earlier．She was giving me （27）odd look﹣half puzzled，half intent （热切的）．I smiled and wished her a pleasant day．As I squeezed back into my car，I spotted the same lady （28）（look）in at me．"Hello，"she said，hesitantly．"This （29）sound crazy but I was on my way to drop some of my mother's things off at the charity bins．"You are just so much （30）her．"You helped those people，I noticed，and you seemed so happy．"She looked at me meaningfully and passed a box in through the window．"I think she would like you to have it．"（31）（shock），I took it from her automatically．She smiled and walked away．After a pause，I opened the box．Inside was a beautiful gold necklace with a large grey pearl．It was （32）（nice）gift I'd ever received，and it was from a complete stranger．The necklace was around my neck，a warm reminder of human kindness．33．（3分）Ask helpful HannahDear helpful Hannah，I've got a problem with my husband，Sam．He bought a smart phone a couple of months ago and he took it on our recent ski vacation to Colorado，it was a great trip except for one problem．He has a constant urge （33）for next messages；he checks his phone every five minutes!He's so addicted to it that he just can't stand the idea （34）there may be an important text．He can't help checking even at inappropriate times like when we are eating in a restaurant and I am talking to him!He behaves （35）any small amount of boredom can make him feel the need to check his phone even when he know he shouldn't．The temptation to see （36）is connecting him is just too great．When I ask him to put down the phone and stop （37）（ignore）me，he say，"In a minute．"but still checks to see if （38）has posted something new on the Internet．Our life （39）（interrupt）．If we go somewhere and I ask him to have the phone at home，hesuffers from withdrawal symptom．May this dependency on his smart phone has become more than an everyday problem．I recently read an article about"nomophobia，"（40）is a real illness people can't suffer from the fear of being without your phone!I am worried that Sam maybe suffering from this illness because he feels anxious if he doesn't have his phone with him，even for a short time．Who would have thought that little devices like these could have brought so much trouble!Sick and Tired Sadie．41．（3分）Directions：Complete the following passage by using the words in the box．Each word can only be used once．Note that there is one word more than you need．Considering how much time people spend in offices，it is important that work be well designed．Well﹣designed office spaces help create a cooperation's image．They motivate workers and they make an impression on people who visit and might be potential or，（41），customer．They make businesses work better，and they are a part of the corporate culture we live in．As we move away from an industrial﹣based economy to a knowledge﹣based one，office designers have come up with （42）to the traditional work environments of the past．The design industry has moved away from a fixed office setup and created more flexible"strategic management environments．"These （43）solutions are to meant to support better organizational performances．As employee hierarchies （等级制度）have flattened or decreased，office designers‘response to this change has been to move open﹣plain areas to more desirable locations within the office，and create fewer formal private offices．Theneed for increased flexibility has also been （44）by changes in work station design．Offices and work spaces often are not （45）to a given person on a permanent basis because of changes to method of working，new designs allow for expansion or movement of desks，storage，and equipment within the workstation．Another important design goal is communication，which designers have improved by lowering the walls that （46）workstations．Designers have also created informal gathering places，and upgraded employees'（47）to heavily trafficked areas such as copy and coffee rooms．Corporate and institutional office designers often struggle to resolve a number of competing and often （48）demands，including budgetary limits，employee hierarchies，and technological innovation（especially in relation to computerization）．These demands must also be balanced with the need to create interiors（内饰）that in some way enhance，establish，or promote a company‘s image and will enable employees to （49）at their best．All these （50）of office design are related．The most successful office designs are like a good marriage ﹣﹣the well﹣designed office and the employees that occupy it are seemingly made for each other．III.ReadingComprehension51．（3分）If you studied pictures that ancient people left on rock walls and you tried to determine their meaning，you would not detect interest in romance among the artists．（51），you would see plenty of animals with people running after them．Life for ancient people's earned to center on hunting and gathering wild foods for meals．In modern times，when food is available in grocery stores，finding love is more （52）in people's lives．The （53）is all around us．It is easy to prepare a list of modern stories having to do with love．An endless number of books and movies qualify as love stories in popular culture．Researchers are studying whether love，a highly valued emotional state，can be（54）．They ask，what is love？Toothpaste companies want us to think attraction is all about clean teeth，but clean teeth go only so far．Scientists wonder how much the brain gets involved．You have probably heard that opposites attract but that （55）attract，too．One thing is certain：The truth about love is not yet set in stone．First ImpressionTo help determine the （56）of attraction，researchers paired 164college classmates and had them talk for 3，6or 10minutes so they could get a sense of each other's individuality．Then students were asked to （57）what kind of relationship they were likely to build with their partners．After nine weeks，they reported what happened．As it turned out，their （58）judgements often held true．Students seemed to （59）at an early stage who would best fit into their lives．The （60）KnowsScientists have also turned to nonhumans to increase understanding of attraction．Many animals give off pheromones﹣natural chemicals that can be detected by，and then can produce a response in，other animals of the same species．Pheromones can signal that an animal is either ready to fight or is feeling （61）to partnerships．In contrast，humans do not seem to be as （62）as other animals at detecting such chemicals．Smell，however，does seem to play a part in human attraction．Although we may not be aware of chemicals like pheromones consciously，we give and receive loads of information through smell in every interaction with other people．Face ValueBeing fond of someone seems to have a number of factors，including seeing something we find attractive．Researchers had people judge faces for（63）．The participants had 0.013seconds to view each face，yet somehow they generally considered the images the same as people who had more time to study the same faces．The way we （64）attractiveness seem to be somewhat automatic．When shown an attractive face and then words with good or bad associations，people responded to（65）words faster after viewing an attractive face．Seeing something attractive seems to cause happy thinking．51．A．Instead B．Therefore C．Moreover D．Otherwise 52．A．romantic B．stressful C．central D．beneficial 53．A．priority B．proof C．possibility D．principle 54．A．tested B．imposed C．changed D．created 55．A．appearances B．virtues C．similarities D．passions 56．A．illustrations B．imaginations C．ingredients D．instructions 57．A．predict B．investigate C．diagnose D．recall 58．A．critical B．initial C．random D．mature 59．A．memorize B．distinguish C．negotiate D．question 60．A．Nose B．Eye C．Heart D．Hand 61．A．open B．alert C．resistant D．superior 62．A．disappointed B．amazed C．confused D．gifted 63．A．emotion B．attractiveness C．individuality D．signals 64．A．enhance B．possess C．maintain D．assess 65．A．familiar B．plain C．positive D．insulting．SectionBDirections:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbysever alquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B, CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouh avejustread.66．（3分）Look to many of history's cultural symbols，and there you'll find an ancestor of Frosty，the snowman in the movie Frozen．It appeared on some of thefirst postcards，starred in some of the earliest silent movies，and was the subject of a couple of the earliest photos，dating all the way back to the 1800s．I discovered even more about one of humanity's earliest forms of life art during several years of research around the world．For example，snowmen were a phenomenon in the Middle Ages，built with great skill and thought．At a time of limited means of expression，snow was like free art supplies dropped from the sky．It was a popular activity for couples to leisurely walk through town to view the temporary works of chilly art．Some were created by famous artists，including a 19﹣year﹣old Michelangelo，who in 1494was appointed by the ruler of Florence，Italy，to build a snowman in his mansion's courtyard．The Miracle of 1511 took place during six freezing works called the Winter of Death．The city of Brussels was covered in snowmen﹣an impressive scene that told stories on every street corner．Some were political in nature，criticizing the church and government．Some were a reflection of people's imagination．For the people of Brussels，this was a defining moment of defining freedom．At least until spring arrived，by which time they were dealing with damaging floods．If you fear the heyday of the snowman has passed，don't worry：I've learned that some explosive snowman history is still being made today．Every year since 1818，the people of Zurich，Switzerland，celebrate the beginning of spring by blowing up a snowman．On the third Monday of April，the holiday Sechselauten is kicked off when a cotton snowman called the Boogg is stuffed with explosive and paraded through town by bakers and other tradesmen who throw bread to the crowds．The parade ends with the Boogg being placed on a 40﹣foot pile of firewood．After the bells of the Church of St．Peter have rung six times，representing the passing of winter，the pile is lit．When the snowman explodes，winter is considered officially over﹣the quicker it is burnt down，the longer summer is said to be．66．According to the passage，why did snowmen become a phenomenon in the Middle Ages？．A．People thought of snow as holy art supplies．B．People longed to see masterpieces of snow．C．Building snowmen was a way for people to express themselves．D．Building snowmen helped people develop their skill and thought．67．"The heyday of the snowman"（paragraph 4）means the time when．A．snowmen were made mainly by artistsB．snowmen enjoyed great popularityC．snowmen were politically criticizedD．snowmen caused damaging floods68．In Zurich，the blowing up of the Boogg symbolizes．A．the start of the paradeB．the coming of a longer summerC．the passing of the winterD．the success of tradesmen69．What can be concluded about snowmen from the passage？A．They were appreciated in historyB．They have lost their valueC．They were related to moviesD．They vary in shape and size．70．（3分）70．In the film review，what is paragraph A mainly about？．A．The introduction to the leading rolesB．The writer's opinion of actingC．The writer's comments on the storyD．The background information71．According to the film review，"monster"（paragraph B）refers to．A．a gun﹣crazy hunterB．a brainy dogC．a scary rabbitD．a giant vegetable72．Which of the following is a reason why the writer recommends the film？A．It's full of wit and humour．B．Its characters show feelings without words．C．It is an adventure film directed by Peter Sallis．D．It is about the harmony between man and animals．73．（3分）One of the executives gathered at the Aspen Institute for a day﹣long leadership workshop using the works of Shakespeare was discussing the role of Brutus in the death of Julius Caesar．"Brutus was not an honorable man，"he said．"He was a traitor（叛徒）．And he murdered someone in cold blood．"The agreement was that Brutus had acted with cruelty when other options were available to him．He made a bad decision，they said﹣at least as it was presented by Shakespeare﹣to take the lead in murdering Julius Caesar．And though one of the executives acknowledged that Brutus had the good of the republic in mind，Caesar was nevertheless his superior．"You have to endeavor，"the executives said，"our policy is to obey the chain of command．"During the last few years，business executives and book writers looking for a new way to advise corporate America have been exploiting Shakespeare's wisdom for profitable ends．None more so than husband and wife team Kenneth and Carol Adelman，well﹣known advisers to the White House，who started up a training company called"Movers and Shakespeares"．They are amateur Shakespeare scholars and Shakespeare lovers，and they have combined their passion and their high level contacts into a management training business．They conduct between 30and 40workshops annually，focusing on half a dozen different plays，mostly for corporations，but also for government agencies．The workshops all take the same form，focusing on a single play as a kind of case study，and using individual scenes as specific lessons．In Julius Caesar，sly provocation （狡诈的挑唆）of Brutus to take up arms against the what was a basis for a discussion of methods of team building and grass roots organism．Although neither of the Adelmans is academically trained in literature，theprogrammes，contain plenty of Shakespeare tradition and background．Their workshop on Henry V，for example，includes a helpful explanation of Henry's winning strategy at the Battle of Agincourt．But they do come to the text with a few biases （偏向）：their reading of Henry V minimizes his misuse of power．Instead，they emphasize the story of the youth who seizes opportunity and becomes a masterful leader．And at the workshop on Caesar，Mr．Adelmans had little good to say about Brutus，saying"the noblest Roman of them all"couldn't make his mind up about things．Many of the participants pointed to very specific elements in the play that they felt related Caesar's pride，which led to his murder，and Brutus's mistakes in leading the after the murder，they said，raise vital questions for anyone serving as a business when and how do you resist the boss？73．According to paragraph 1，what did all the executives think of Brutus？．A．Cruel．B．Superior．C．Honourable．D．Rude74．According to the passage，the Adelmans set up"Movers and Shakespeares"to．A．help executives to understand Shakespeare's plays betterB．give advice on leadership by analyzing Shakespeare's playsC．provide case studies of Shakespeare's plays in literature workshopsD．guide government agencies to follow the characters in Shakespeare's plays．75．Why do the Adelmans conduct a workshop on Henry V？A．To highlight the importance of catching opportunities．B．To encourage masterful leaders to plan strategies to win．C．To illustrate the harm of prejudices in management．D．To warn executives against power misuse．76．It can be inferred from the passage that．A．the Adelmans'programme proves biased as the roles of characters are maximized．B．executives feel bored with too many specific elements of Shakespeare's plays．C．the Adelmans will make more profits if they are professional scholars．D．Shakespeare has played an important role in the management field．77．The best title for the passage is．A．Shakespeare's plays：Executives reconsider corporate culture B．Shakespeare's plays：An essential key to business successC．Shakespeare's plays：a lesson for business motivationD．Shakespeare's plays：Dramatic training brings dramatic results．78．（3分）Youth sport has the potential to accomplish three important objectives in children's development．First，sport programs can provide youth with opportunities to be physically active，which can lead to improved physical health．Second，youth sport programs have long been considered important to youth's psychosocial development，providing opportunities to learn important life skills such as cooperation，discipline，leadership，and self﹣control．Third，youth sport programs are critical for the learning of motor skills；these motor skills serve as a foundation for future national sport stars and recreational adult sport participants．When coachers develop activities for youth practices and when sport organizations design youth﹣sport programs，they must consider the implication of deliberate play and deliberate practice．Research from Telama （2006）states that regular participation in deliberate play or deliberate practice activities during childhood and youth （ages nine to eighteen）increases the likelihood of participation in sports during adulthood by six times for both males and females．Côté （2002）defines deliberate play activities in sport as those designed to maximize enjoyment．These activities are regulated by flexible rules adapted from standardized sport rules and are set up by the children or by aninvolved adult．Children typically change rules to find a point where their game is similar to the actual sport but still allows for play at their level．For example，children may change soccer and basketball rules to suit their needs and environment （e．g．in the street．on a playing field or in someone's backyard）．When involved in deliberate play activities，children are less concerned with the outcome of their outcome of their behavior．（whether they win or lose）than with the behavior．（having fun）．On the other hand，Ericsson （1993）suggests that the most effective learning occurs through involvement in highly structured activities defined as deliberate practice．Deliberate practice activities require effort，produce no immediate rewards，and are motivated by the goal of improving performance rather than the goal of enjoyment．When individuals are involved in deliberate play，they experiment with different combinations of behaviors，but not necessarily in the most effective way to improve performance．In contrast，when individuals are involved in deliberate practice，they exhibit behavior．focused on improving performance by the most effective means available．For example，the backhand skills in tennis could be learned and improved over time by playing matches or by creating fun practice situations．However，players could more effectively improve their backhand performance by practicing drills that might be considered less enjoyable．Although drills are used in most effective means available practice might not be the most enjoyable，they might be the most relevant to improving performance．（Note：Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS）78．Besides the learning of motor skills，what are the other two important objectives of youth sport？．79．If children participate in deliberate play or deliberate practice activities，they are more likely to．80．In deliberate play activities，what do children do to maximize enjoyment？．81．In contrast to deliberate play，deliberate practice is aimed at．I.TranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgi veninthebrackets.82．（3分）美食是人们造访上海的乐趣之一．（visit）．83．（3分）街头艺术家运用创意将鲜艳明亮的色彩带进了老社区．（bring）．84．（3分）在你生命中，如果有一个人你需要对他说对不起，那么就去向他道歉吧．（apology）．85．（3分）这个游戏的独特之处在于它让孩子学会如何应对现实生活中的问题．（what）．86．（3分）申请材料需要精心准备，这样你心仪的学校才会对你的能力有全面、准确的了解．（in order that）．II.GuidedWritingDirections:WriteanEnglishcompositionin120–150wordsaccordingto theinstructionsgivenbelowinChinese.87．学校即将举办"读书节"，目前正广泛征集"读书节"宣传册图片．假设你是该校学生潘阳，你已找到以下三幅图片，决定给读书节组委会写一封信，推荐其中一幅，你的信须包括以下内容：1．简单描述你想推荐的那幅图片；2．阐述你用这幅图片宣传"读书节"的理由．2015年上海市高考英语试卷参考答案与试题解析I.ListeningComprehension1．（1分）（2015•上海）A．impatient B．confused C．pleased D．regretful．2．（1分）（2015•上海）A．at a bus stop B．at a laundry C．at the dentist's D．at the chemist's．3．（1分）（2015•上海）A．An actor B．A salesman C．A translator D．A writer．4．（1分）（2015•上海）A．He lost his classmate's homework．B．He can't help the woman with her math．C．He broke the woman's calculator．D．He doesn't know where the"on"button is．5．（1分）（2015•上海）A．The woman should go to another counter．B．The woman gives the man so many choices．C．The man dislike the sandwiches offered there．D．The man is having trouble deciding what to eat．6．（1分）（2015•上海）A．She has no idea where to find the man's exam result．B．She isn't allowed to tell students their grades．C．Dr．White hasn't finish grading the papers．D．Dr．White doesn't want to be contacted while he's away．7．（1分）（2015•上海）A．Move to a neat dormitoryB．Find a person to share their apartmentC．Clean the room with the roommateD．Write an article about their roommate．8．（1分）（2015•上海）A．Bob won't take her adviceB．Bob doesn't want to go abroadC．She doesn't think Bob should study overseasD．She hasn't talked to Bob since he went aboard．9．（1分）（2015•上海）A．The snack bar isn't usually so empty．B．Dessert is served in the snack bar．C．The snack bar is near the library．D．Snacks aren't allowed in the library．10．（1分）（2015•上海）A．Take her bicycle to the repair shop．B．Leave her bicycle outside．C．Clean the garage after the rain stops．D．Check if the garage is dry．11．（3分）（2015•上海）Questions 11through 13are based on the following passage．11．A．It helps care for customers'dogs．B．You have to buy food for dogs．C．None of the dogs are caged．D．There is a dog named Princess．12．A．She likes the food there．B．She enjoys the fun with a pet．C．She can have free coffee．D．She doesn't like to be alone．13．A．A new kind of cafe．B．A new brand of cafe．C．A new home for pets．D．A new way to raise pets．14．（3分）（2015•上海）Questions 14through 16are based on the following passage．14．A．A trend that high achievers are given a lower salary．B．A view that life quality is more important than pay．C．A dream of the young for fast﹣paced jobs．D．A new term created by high achievers．15．A.10% B.12% C.6% D.7%16．A．People are less satisfied with their lives．B．The financial investment may increase．C．Well﹣paid jobs are not easy to find．D．Unexpected problems may arise．17．（4分）（2015•上海）Directions：In Section C，you will hear two longer conversations．The conversations will be read twice．After you hear each conversation，you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard．Write your answers on your answer sheet．Blanks 17through 20are based on the following conversation．Complete the form．Write NO MORE THAN ONE WORD for each answer．21．（4分）（2015•上海）Blanks 21through 24are based on the following conversation．Complete the form．Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer．II.GrammarandVocabulary25．（3分）（2015•上海）Gift from a strangerMy local supermarket is always busy．The first parking space I found was convenient，but I'd noticed a woman in a blue car circling for a while．（25）As/Because/Since I was in a good mood，I let her have it．On the edge of the car park I backed into the next available spot﹣it was a tight fit．Pretty soon I'd made my way through the supermarket and was back in the fresh air．Feeling good，I （26）emptied（empty）my purse change into the hands of a homeless man and helped a struggling woman reverse park．Just as I approached my car，1saw the woman I'd let have my car space earlier．She was giving me （27）an odd look﹣half puzzled，half intent （热切的）．I smiled and wished her a pleasant day．As I squeezed back into my car，I spotted the same lady （28）looking（look）in at me．"Hello，"she said，hesitantly．"This （29）might/may sound crazy but I was on my way to drop some of my mother's things off at the charity bins．"You are just so much （30）like her．"You helped those people，I noticed，and you seemed so happy．"She looked at me meaningfully and passed a box in through the window．"I think she would like you to have it．"（31）Shocked（shock），I took it from her automatically．She smiled and walked away．After a pause，I opened the box．Inside was a beautiful gold necklace with a large grey pearl．It was （32）the nicest（nice）gift I'd ever received，and it was。
2015年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试数学理试题精品解析(上海卷)
高考提醒一轮看功夫，二轮看水平，三轮看士气梳理考纲，进一步明确高考考什么！梳理高考题，进一步明确怎么考！梳理教材和笔记，进一步明确重难点！梳理错题本，进一步明确薄弱点！抓住中低档试题。
既可以突出重点又可以提高复习信心，效率和效益也会双丰收。
少做、不做难题，努力避免“心理饱和”现象的加剧。
保持平常心，顺其自然2015年高考上海卷理数试题解析（精编版）（解析版）一、填空题：本大题共5小题，每小题5分，共25分.1、设全集U R =．若集合{}1,2,3,4A =，{}23x x B =≤≤，则U A B =I ð ． 【答案】{}1,4【解析】因为{|32}U C B x x x =><或，所以{4,1}U A C B =I 【考点定位】集合运算2、若复数z 满足31z z i +=+，其中i 为虚数单位，则z = ． 【答案】1142i +3、若线性方程组的增广矩阵为122301c c ⎛⎫ ⎪⎝⎭、解为35x y =⎧⎨=⎩，则12c c -= ． 【答案】16【解析】由题意得：121223233521,05,21516.c x y c x y c c =+=⨯+⨯==⋅+=-=-= 【考点定位】线性方程组的增广矩阵4、若正三棱柱的所有棱长均为a ，且其体积为163，则a = ． 【答案】45、抛物线22y px =（0p >）上的动点Q 到焦点的距离的最小值为1，则p = ． 【答案】26、若圆锥的侧面积与过轴的截面面积之比为2π，则其母线与轴的夹角的大小为 ． 【答案】3π 【解析】由题意得：1:(2)222rl h r l h ππ⋅=⇒=⇒母线与轴的夹角为3π【考点定位】圆锥轴截面7、方程()()1122log 95log 322x x ---=-+的解为 ．【答案】2【解析】设13,(0)x t t -=>，则2222log (5)log (2)254(2)0t t t t -=-+⇒-=->21430,5333112x t t t t x x -⇒-+=>⇒=⇒=⇒-=⇒=【考点定位】解指对数不等式8、在报名的3名男教师和6名女教师中，选取5人参加义务献血，要求男、女教师都有，则不同的选取方式的种数为 （结果用数值表示）． 【答案】1209、已知点P 和Q 的横坐标相同，P 的纵坐标是Q 的纵坐标的2倍，P 和Q 的轨迹分别为双曲线1C 和2C ．若1C 的渐近线方程为3y x =±，则2C 的渐近线方程为 ．【答案】3y x =±【解析】由题意得：1C ：223,(0)x y λλ-=≠，设(,)Q x y ，则(,2)P x y ，所以2234x y λ-=，即2C 的渐近线方程为32y x =±【考点定位】双曲线渐近线10、设()1f x -为()222x xf x -=+，[]0,2x ∈的反函数，则()()1y f x f x -=+的最大值为 ． 【答案】411、在10201511x x ⎛⎫++ ⎪⎝⎭的展开式中，2x 项的系数为 （结果用数值表示）．【答案】45【解析】因为10101019102015201520151111(1)(1)(1)x x x C x x x x ⎛⎫⎛⎫++=++=++++ ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭L ，所以2x 项只能在10(1)x +展开式中，即为8210C x ，系数为81045.C = 【考点定位】二项展开式12、赌博有陷阱．某种赌博每局的规则是：赌客先在标记有1，2，3，4，5的卡片中随机摸取一张，将卡片上的数字作为其赌金（单位：元）；随后放回该卡片，再随机摸取两张，将这两张卡片上数字之差的绝对值的1.4倍作为其奖金（单位：元）．若随机变量1ξ和2ξ分别表示赌客在一局赌博中的赌金和奖金，则12ξξE -E = （元）．【答案】0.2【解析】赌金的分布列为1ξ1 2 3 4 5P15 15 15 15 15所以11(12345)35E ξ=++++=奖金的分布列为2ξ1.42.8 4.25.6 P25425C = 253310C = 25215C = 251110C = 所以223111.4(1234)2.8510510E ξ=⨯⨯+⨯+⨯+⨯=12ξξE -E =0.2【考点定位】数学期望13、已知函数()sin f x x =．若存在1x ，2x ，⋅⋅⋅，m x 满足1206m x x x π≤<<⋅⋅⋅<≤，且()()()()()()1223112n n f x f x f x f x f x f x --+-+⋅⋅⋅+-=（2m ≥，m *∈N ），则m 的最小值 为 ． 【答案】8【解析】因为()sin f x x =，所以()()max min ()()2m n f x f x f x f x -≤-=，因此要使得满足条件()()()()()()1223112n n f x f x f x f x f x f x --+-+⋅⋅⋅+-=的m 最小，须取123456783579110,,,,,,,6,222222x x x x x x x x πππππππ========即8.m = 【考点定位】三角函数性质14、在锐角三角形C AB 中，1tan 2A =，D 为边CB 上的点，D ∆AB 与CD ∆A 的面积分别为2和4．过D 作D E ⊥AB 于E ，DFC ⊥A 于F ，则D DF E⋅=u u u r u u u r．【答案】1615-【解析】由题意得：1sin ,cos ,sin 24125255A A AB AC A AB AC ==⋅⋅=+⇒⋅=，又112,43222125AB DE AC DF AB DE AC DF DE DF ⋅=⋅=⇒⋅⨯⋅=⇒⋅=,因为DEAF 四点共圆，因此D DF E⋅=u u u r u u u r 16cos()()151255DE DF A π⋅⋅-=⨯-=- 【考点定位】向量数量积，解三角形二、选择题：本大题共10小题，每小题5分，共50分，在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的.15、设1z ，2C z ∈，则“1z 、2z 中至少有一个数是虚数”是“12z z -是虚数”的（ ） A ．充分非必要条件 B ．必要非充分条件 C ．充要条件 D ．既非充分又非必要条件 【答案】B16、已知点A 的坐标为()43,1，将OA 绕坐标原点O 逆时针旋转3π至OB ，则点B 的纵坐标为（ ） A ．332 B ．532 C ．112 D ．132【答案】D【解析】133313(cos sin )(43)()3322OB OA i i i ππ=⋅+=⋅=+u u u r u u u r ，即点B 的纵坐标为132【考点定位】复数几何意义17、记方程①：2110x a x ++=，方程②：2220x a x ++=，方程③：2340x a x ++=，其中1a ，2a ，3a 是正实数．当1a ，2a ，3a 成等比数列时，下列选项中，能推出方程③无实根的是（ ） A ．方程①有实根，且②有实根 B ．方程①有实根，且②无实根 C ．方程①无实根，且②有实根 D ．方程①无实根，且②无实根 【答案】B【解析】当方程①有实根，且②无实根时，22124,8a a ≥<，从而4222321816,4a a a =<=即方程③：2340x a x ++=无实根，选B.而A,D 由于不等式方向不一致，不可推；C 推出③有实根 【考点定位】不等式性质18、设(),n n n x y P 是直线21n x y n -=+（n *∈N ）与圆222x y +=在第一象限的交点，则极限1lim 1nn ny x →∞-=-（ ）A ．1-B ．12- C ．1 D ．2 【答案】A三、解答题：本大题共6小题，共75分，解答应写出文字说明，证明过程或演算步骤。
2015年上海高考物理试卷分析及试卷(附答案)
2015年高考物理试卷分析1.题型和题量：2015年上海高考物理试卷的结构与去年相同，全卷试题数为33题，阅读量与去年基本相同(4900字左右)，计算量则略有减少，在难度上有较好的梯度分布。
2.知识和技能的考察：注重“一核三基”的考察（一核：物理学科的核心内容，三基：基本思想方法、基本思维方式和基本技能），知识点覆盖比较全面，重点知识点分布合理（牛顿运动定律、闭合电路欧姆定律、法拉第电磁感应定律、楞次定律、气体实验定律、功和能等）3.重视对物理知识的应用和理解：（注重知识与技能、过程与方法、情感态度价值观的三维教学目标在试题中的渗透）4.注重实验能力的考察：分值占比稳定，注重实验原理的考察5.题目难度适中：高考题目不超纲，但是需要巧思巧解第14、20、25题考查了根据物理原理进行分析、判断、推理的能力；第2、8、11、17题考查了根据图像进行分析、判断、推理的能力；第19题考查了运用图像辅助解题的能力；第25、31、33题考查了对物理过程中的多种可能进行讨论和分析，并正确判断结果的能力。
6.复习策略1)重视物理概念，物理情境，物理过程，物理方法及数学推演过程的训练，明确每一题考核的知识点，以及相应的物理过程。
2)重视图像，能够将图像和物理过程有机的联系起来，能够借助图像辅助分析物理过程和解题。
3)摒弃“题海战术”但要保证题型训练的充分，多思，多想4)重视函数关系，尤其是三角函数，掌握一点微分的思想。
2015年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试上海物理试卷本试卷共7页，满分150分，考试时间120分钟。
全卷包括六大题，第一、第二大题为单项选择题，第三大题为多项选择题，第四大题为填空题，第五大题为实验题，第六大题为计算题。
考生注意：1、答卷前，务必用钢笔或圆珠笔在答题纸正面清楚地填写姓名、准考证号，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上，在答题纸反面清楚地填写姓名。
2、第一、第二和第三大题的作答必须用2B铅笔涂在答题纸上相应区域内与试卷题号对应的位置，需要更改时，必须将原选项用橡皮擦去，重新选择。
2015年高考试题——英语(上海卷) Word版含解析
考生注意：考试时间120分钟，试卷满分150分。
本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。
试卷分为第Ⅰ卷（第1-12页）和第Ⅱ卷（第13页），全卷共13页。
所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（填空题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。
答题前，务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上，在答题纸反面清楚地填写姓名。
第Ⅰ卷（共103分）I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1.A. impatient B. confused C. pleased D. regretful【答案】 A【解析】原文：2. A. at a bus stopB. at a laundryC. at the dentist’s D. at the chemist’s【答案】 C【解析】原文：3. A. An actor B. A salesman C. A translator D. A writer 【答案】 D【解析】原文：4. A. He lost his classmate’s homework.B. He can’t help the woman with her math.C. He broke the woman’s calculator.D. He doesn’t know where the ―on‖ button is.【答案】 C【解析】原文：【考点定位】学习类5. A. The woman should go to another counter.B. The woman gives the man so many choices.C. The man dislike the sandwiches offered there.D. The man is having trouble deciding what to eat.【答案】 D【解析】原文：6. A. She has no idea where to find the man’s exam result.B. She isn’t allowed to tell students their grades.C. Dr. White hasn’t finish grading the papers.D. D r. White doesn’t want to be contacted while he’s away.【答案】 B【解析】M: Ms. Chen, I was wondering if you could find out how I did on the mid-term exam.W: Sorry, Doctor White is out of town and I’m not in a position to give out that kind of information.7. A. Move to a neat dormitory B. Find a person to share their apartmentC. Clean the room with the roommateD. Write an article about their roommate8. A. Bob won’t take her adviceB. Bob doesn’t want to go abroadC. She doesn’t think Bob s hould study overseasD. She hasn’t talked to Bob since he went aboard【答案】 C【解析】M: I heard that Bob is planning to study abroadW: Not if I can talk him out of it, believe me, I'm tryingQ: what does the woman imply?9. A. The snack bar isn’t usually so empty. B. Dessert is served in the snack bar.C. The snack bar is near the library.D. Snacks aren’t allowed in the library.【答案】 A【解析】原文：10. A. Take her bicycle to the repair shop. B. Leave her bicycle outside.C. Clean the garage after the rain stops.D. Check if the garage is dry.【答案】 BSection BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. It helps care for customers’ dogs.B. You have to buy food for dogs.C. None of the dogs are caged.D. There is a dog named Princess.12. A. She likes the food there.B. She enjoys the fun with a pet.C. She can have free coffee.D. She doesn’t like to be alone.13. A. A new kind of cafe.B. A new brand of cafe.C. A new home for pets.D. A new way to raise pets.【答案】11. C12. B13. A【解析】The dogs there are in cages around the room. First, you choose a dog. Then it comes out of the cage. You can buy food for it. The Bau House is different from the Snoopy Café. You don’t have to choose a dog at the Bau House. All the dogs sit, play or run around while people drink coffee and eat sandwiches. You can play with all the dogs at the Bau House. LaureyChuong goes to the Snoopy Café about once a week. She likes to play with Princess, her favorite dog. She often buys food for Princess, too. Lori likes to go to the Snoopy Café for many reasons. ―I love dogs,‖ she says, ―but my apartment is too small for a dog. Also, dogs don’t like to be alone and I work all day.‖ So when Laurey needs to have some fun with a pet, she go es to the dog café to see princess. Dog cafés are very popular in Korea. But they are not cheap. A cup of coffee costs about 3 dollars and 50 cents, but the fun is free.11. C 录音内容为―The Bau House is different from the Snoopy Café. You don’t have to choose a dog at the Bau House. All the dogs sit, play or run around while people drink coffee and eat sandwiches.‖第一句明确交代了the Bau House与the Snoopy Café的不同，考生需要听到这里时注意听该句后面的内容，就能选出答案。
2015年高考真题语文(上海卷) Word版含解析
上海语文试卷考生注意：1．本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分，试卷包括试题与答题要求，所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。
2．答卷前，务必用钢笔或圆珠笔在答题纸正面清楚地填写姓名、准考证号，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上，在答题纸反面清楚地填写姓名。
3．答题纸与试卷在试题编号上是一一对应的，答题时应特别注意，不能错位。
4．考试时间150分钟，试卷满分150分。
一阅读80分（一）阅读下文，完成第1——6题。
（17分）地图与理论模型①工程师在设计汽车时会按比例制作汽车模型，这种实物模型可以直观地呈现出汽车的构造，而且可以让一些实验更加便捷。
举办一场宴会前，我们会思考应该邀请谁参加、需要准备哪些食物等，这是我们其实也构建了一个模型。
这种模型与汽车模型不同，它不是一种实物，而是一种“理论”。
科学家的工作与此相似，也是构建某种理论模型，只是这类模型的特点理解起来比较困难。
②地图也是一种模型，地图与理论模型的类比有助于我们了解理论模型的特点。
我们先来做一个练习。
请看一张某大学校园的局部地图：③这张地图的右边画有一个箭头。
请问：箭头指示的东西是什么？④人们通常会回答：箭头指示的是一幢建筑。
如果我说这答案不仅是错的，而且根本不着边，你会怎样想？你肯定会怀疑这是个把戏。
没错，你的怀疑是正确的，但这个把戏的背后却是最为核心的问题。
⑤正确的答案是，箭头指示的是一个矩形图框。
这就是真正为箭头所指的东西。
人们会回答箭头指向了一幢建筑物，是因为根据地图和与之对应的实际环境，矩形图框显然表示一幢建筑物，但建筑物只是矩形图框所表示的物体，而不是矩形图框本身。
⑥这个练习的目的是指出地图与其所表示的对象不是一码事。
当然，这只是一个把戏，生活中没有人会混淆地图上的一个矩形框和现实中的一幢建筑。
毕竟．．，你可以将一张街道地图折起来放进你的口袋，却不可能把一个街道折起来放进口袋。
而理论模型与客观对象间的差别却容易被人忽略，这需要我们格外注意。
2015年高考真题——英语(上海卷)_Word版含解析
2015年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（上海卷）英语考生注意：1.考试时间120分钟，试卷满分150分。
2.本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。
试卷分为第Ⅰ卷（第1-12页）和第Ⅱ卷（第13页），全卷共13页。
所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（填空题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。
答题前，务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上，在答题纸反面清楚地填写姓名。
第Ⅰ卷（共103分）I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end ofeach conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversation and the questionwill be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the fourpossible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you haveheard.1.A. impatient B. confused C. pleased D. regretful2. A. at a bus stopB. at a laundryC. at the dentist’s D. at the chemist’s3. A. An actor B. A salesman C. A translator D. A writer4. A. He lost his classmate’s homework.B. He can’t help the woman with her math.C. He broke the woman’s calculator.D. He doesn’t know where the “on” button is.5. A. The woman should go to another counter.B. The woman gives the man so many choices.C. The man dislike the sandwiches offered there.D. The man is having trouble deciding what to eat.6. A. She has no idea where to find the man’s exam result.B. She isn’t allowed to tell students their grades.C. Dr. White hasn’t finish grading the papers.D. Dr. White doesn’t want to be contacted while he’s away.7. A. Move to a neat dormitory? B. Find a person to share their apartmentC. Clean the room with the roommate ??D. Write an article about their roommate8. A. Bob won’t take her adviceB. Bob doesn’t want to go abroadC. She doesn’t think Bob should study overseasD. She hasn’t talked to Bob since he went aboard9. A. The snack bar isn’t usually so empty. B. Dessert is served in the snack bar.C. The snack bar is near the library.D. Snacks aren’t allowed in the library.10. A. Take her bicycle to the repair shop. B. Leave her bicycle outside.C. Clean the garage after the rain stops.D. Check if the garage is dry. Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. It helps care for customers’ dogs.B. You have to buy food for dogs.C. None of the dogs are caged.D. There is a dog named Princess.12. A. She likes the food there.B. She enjoys the fun with a pet.C. She can have free coffee.D. She doesn’t like to be alone.13. A. A new kind of cafe.B. A new brand of cafe.C. A new home for pets.D. A new way to raise pets.Question 14 through 16 are based on the following passages.14. A. A trend that high achievers are given a lower salary.B. A view that life quality is more important than pay.C. A dream of the young for fast-paced jobs.D. A new term created by high achievers.15. A. 10% B. 12% C. 6% D. 7%16. A. People are less satisfied with their lives.B. The financial investment may increase.C. Well-paid jobs are not easy to find.D. Unexpected problems may arise.Section CDirections: In section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN ONE WORD for each answer.Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.II. Grammar and vocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form. of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)Gift from a strangerMy local supermarket is always busy. The first parking space I found was convenient, but I'd noticed a woman in a blue car circling for a while. (25) _____ I was in a good mood, I let her have it. On the edge of the car park I backed into the next available spot—it was a tight fit.Pretty soon I'd made my way through the supermarket and was back in the fresh air. Feeling good, I (26) _____(empty) my purse change into the hands of a homeless man and helped a struggling woman reverse park（倒车）.Just as I approached my car, 1 saw the woman I'd let have my car space earlier. She was giving me (27) _____ odd look—half puzzled, half intent (热切的). I smiled and wished her a pleasant day. As I squeezed back into my car, I spotted the same lady (28) _____ (look) in at me. "Hello," she said, hesitantly. "This (29) _____ sound crazy but I was on my way to drop some of my mother's things off at the chari ty bins.” You are just so much (30) _____ her.” You helped those people, I noticed, and you seemed so happy.” She looked at me meaningfully and passed a box in through the window. “I think she would like you to have it.” (31) _____ (shock), I took it from her automatically. She smiled and walked away.After a pause, I opened the box. Inside was a beautiful gold necklace with a large grey pearl. It was (32) _____ (nice) gift I'd ever received, and it was from a complete stranger. The necklace was around my neck, a warm reminder of human kindness.(B)Ask helpful HannahDear helpful Hannah,I’ve got a problem with my husband, Sam. He bought a smart phone a couple of months ago and he took it on our recent ski vacation to Colorado, it was a great trip except for one problem. He has a constant urge (33) for next messages; he checks his p hone every five minutes! He’s soaddicted to it that he just can’t stand the idea (34) there may be an important text. He can’t help checking even at inappropriate times like when we are eating in a restaurant and I am talking to him! He behaves (35) any small amount of boredom can make him feel the need to check his phone even when he know he shouldn’t. The temptation to see (36) is connecting him is just too great. When I ask him to put down the phone and stop (37) (ignore) me, he say, “In a minute.” but still checks to see if (38) has posted something new on the Internet. Our life (39) (interrupted). If we go somewhere and I ask him to have the phone at home, he suffers from withdrawal symptom. May this dependency on his smart phone has become more than an everyday problem.I recently read an article about “nomophobia,” (40) is a real illness people can’t suffer from the fear of being without your phone! I am worried that Sam maybe suffering from this illness because he feels anxious if he doesn’t have his phone with him, even for a short time.Who would have thought that little devices like these could have brought so much trouble!Sick and Tired Sadie Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Considering how much time people spend in effects, it is important that with A be well designed. Well-designed office spaces help create a corporation’s image. They motivate workers and they make an impression on people who visit and might be potential, or 41 , customers. They make business work better, and they are a part of the corporate culture to live in.As we move away from an industrial-based economy to a knowledge-based one, office designers come up with 42 to the traditional work environments of the past. The design industry has moved away from a fixed office setup and created more flexible “strategic management environments.” These 43 solutions are meant to support better organizational performance.As employee hierarchies （等级制度）have flattened or decreased, office designers’ response to this change has been to move open-plan areas to more desirable locations within the office and createfewer formal private offices. The need for increased flexibility has also been 44 by changes in workstation design. Office and work spaces often are not 45 to a given person on a permanent basis. Because of changes to methods of working, new design allow for expansion or movement of desks, storage, and equipment within the workplace. Another important design goal is communication, which designers have improved by breaking the walls that 46 workstations. Designers have also created informal gathering places and upgraded employees’47 to heavily trafficked areas such as copy and coffee rooms.Corporate and institutional office designers often struggle to resolve a number of competing and often 48 demands, including budgetary limits, employees hierarchies and technological innovation (especially in relation to computerization). These demands must also be balanced with the need to create interiors (内饰) that in some way enhance, establish or possess a company’s image and will enable employees to 49 and their best.All these 50 of office design are related. The most successful office designs are like good marriage—the well-designed office and the employees that occupy it are seemingly made for each other.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.If you studied pictures that ancient people left on rock walls and you tried to determine their meaning, you would not detect interest in romance among the artists. 51 , you would see plenty of animals with people running after them. Life for ancient people’s earned to center on hunting and gathering wild foods for meals.In modern times, when food is available in grocery stores, finding love is more 52 in people’s lives. The 53 is all around us. It is easy to prepare a list of modern stories having to do with love. An endless number of books and movies qualify as love stories in popular culture.Researchers are studying whether love, a highly valued emotional state, can be 54 . They ask, what is love? Toothpaste companies want us to think attraction is all about clean teeth, but clean teeth go only so far. Scientists wonder how much the brain gets involved. You have probably heard that opposites attract but that 55 attract, too. One thing is certain: The truth about love is not yet set instone.First ImpressionTo help determine the 56 of attraction, researchers paired 164 college classmates and had them talk for 3, 6 or 10 minutes so they could get a sense of each other’s individuality. Then students were asked to 57 what kind of relationship they were likely to build with their partners. After nine weeks, they reported what happened.As it turned out, their 58 judgments often held true. Students seemed to 59 at an early stage who would best fit into their lives.The 60 KnowsScientists have also turned to nonhumans to increase understanding of attraction. Many animals give off pheromones — natural chemicals that can be detected by, and then can produce a response in, other animals of the same species. Pheromones can signal that an animal is either ready to fight or is feeling 61 to partnerships. In contrast, humans do not seem to be as 62 as other animals at detecting such chemicals. Smell, however, does seem to play a part in human attraction. Although we may not be aware of chemicals like pheromones consciously, we give and receive loads of information through smell in every interaction with other people.Face ValueBeing fond of someone seems to have a number of factors, including seeing something we find attractive. Researchers had people judge faces for 63 . The participants had 0.013 seconds to view each face, yet somehow they generally considered the images the same as people who had more time to study the same faces. The way we 64 attractiveness seem to be somewhat automatic.When shown an attractive face and then words with good or bad associations, people responded to 65 words faster after viewing an attractive face. Seeing something attractive seems to cause happy thinking.51. A. Instead B. Therefore C. Moreover D. Otherwise52. A. romantic B. stressful C. central D. artificial53. A. priority B. proof C. possibility D. principle54. A. tested B. impressed C. changed D. created55. A. appearances B. virtues C. similarities D. passions56. A. illustrations B. implications C. ingredients D. intentions57. A. predict B. investigate C. diagnose D. recall58. A. critical B. initial C. random D. mature59. A. memorize B. distinguish C. negotiate D. question60. A. Nose B. Eye C. Heart D. Hand61. A. open B. alert C. resistant D. superior62. A. disappointed B. amazed C. confused D. gifted63. A. emotion B. attractiveness C. individuality D. signals64. A. enhance B. possess C. maintain D. assess65. A. familiar B. plain C. positive D. irritating第二部分：阅读理解（第一节共20小题，第二节5小题；每小题2分，满分50分）阅读下列材料，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该选项标号涂黑。
2015年高考文科数学上海卷及答案解析
绝密★启用前2015年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（上海卷）文科数学注意事项:1.本试卷共6页,23道试题,满分150分.考试时间120分钟.2.本考试分设试卷和答题纸.试卷包括试题与答题要求.作答必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上,在试卷上作答一律不得分.3.答卷前,务必用钢笔或圆珠笔在答题纸正面清楚地填写姓名、准考证号,并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上.一、填空题：本大题共有14题,满分56分.直接填写结果，每个空格填对得4分，否则一律得零分.1．函数213sin f x =x -（）的最小正周期为 . 2．设全集=U R .若集合={1,2,3,4}A ，{23}B x x =≤≤，则U A B ð= . 3．若复数z 满足31i z z +=+，其中i 为虚数单位，则z = .4．设-1f x （）为=21x f x x +（）的反函数，则=-12f （） .5．若线性方程组的增广矩阵为122301c c 骣琪琪桫、解为35x y ì=ïí=ïî，，则12c c -= . 6．若正三棱柱的所有棱长均为a，且其体积为，则a= .7．抛物线2=2>0y px p （）上的动点Q 到焦点的距离的最小值为1，则p = .8．方程1122log (95)log (32)2x x ---=-+的解为 . 9．若x ，y 满足0,2,0,x y x y y ì-ïï+íïïî≥≤≥则目标函数2f x y =+的最大值为 .10．在报名的3名男教师和6名女教师中，选取5人参加义务献血，要求男、女教师都有，则不同的选取方式的种数为 （结果用数值表示）.11．在621(2)x x+的二项展开式中，常数项等于 （结果用数值表示）.12．已知双曲线1C 、2C 的顶点重合，1C 的方程为22=14x y -.若2C 的一条渐近线的斜率是1C 的一条渐近线的斜率的2倍，则2C 的方程为 .13．已知平面向量a ，b ，c 满足a ⊥b ，且{|a |，|b |，|c |}={1,2,3}，则|a +b +c |的最大值是 .14．已知函数()sin f x x =.若存在12,,m x x x 满足1206πm x x x ≤＜＜＜≤，且1|f x （）223-1|||++||=122,m m f x f x f x f x f x m m -+--?*N （）（）（）（）（）（≥），则m 的最小值为 .二、选择题：本大题共有4小题,满分20分.每题有且只有一个正确答案,将正确答案填在题后括号内,选对得5分,否则一律得零分.15．设12,z z ÎC ，则“12,z z 均为实数”是“12z z -是实数”的( )A .充分非必要条件B .必要非充分条件C .充要条件D .既非充分又非必要条件16．下列不等式中，与不等式2+8<223x x x ++解集相同的是( )A .2(+8)(+2+3)<2x x xB .2+8<2(+2+3)x x xC .212<23+8x x x ++ D .2231>+82x x x ++17．已知点A的坐标为（），将OA 绕坐标原点O 逆时针旋转π3至OB ，则点B 的纵坐标为( )ABC .112D .13218．设(),n n n P x y 是直线2()1nx y n n -=?+*N 与圆222x y +=在第一象限的交点，则极限1lim 1n n n y x -=-( )A .1-B .12- C .1 D .2三、解答题：本大题共有5题,满分74分.解答应写出必要的文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤. 19.（本小题满分12分）如图，圆锥的顶点为P ，底面圆心为O ，底面的一条直径为AB ，C 为半圆弧AB 的中点，E 为劣弧CB 的中点，已知2PO =，1OA =，求三棱锥P AOC -的体积，并求异面直线PA 与OE 所成的角的大小.20.（本小题满分14分）已知函数21()f x ax x=+，其中a 为常数. （Ⅰ）根据a 的不同取值，判断函数()f x 的奇偶性，并说明理由； （Ⅱ）若(1,3)a Î，判断函数()f x 在[1,2]上的单调性，并说明理由.21.（本小题满分14分） 姓名________________ 准考证号_____________--------在--------------------此--------------------卷--------------------上--------------------答--------------------题--------------------无------------------------------------如图，O ，P ，Q 三地有直道相通，3OP =千米，4PQ =千米，5OQ =千米.现甲、乙两警员同时从O 地出发匀速前往Q 地，经过t 小时，他们之间的距离为()f t （单位：千米）.甲的路线是OQ ，速度为5千米/小时，乙的路线是OPQ ，速度为8千米/小时.乙到达Q 地后在原地等待.设1t t =时，乙到达P 地；2t t =时，乙到达Q 地. （Ⅰ）求1t 与1()f t 的值；（Ⅱ）已知警员的对讲机的有效通话距离是3千米.当12t t t ≤≤时，求()f t 的表达式，并判断()f t 在12[,]t t 上的最大值是否超过3？说明理由.22.（本小题满分16分）已知椭圆2221x y +=，过原点的两条直线1l 和2l 分别与椭圆交于点A ，B 和C ，D .记△AOC 的面积为S .（Ⅰ）设11(,)A x y ，22(,)C x y .用A ，C 的坐标表示点C 到直线1l 的距离，并证明12211||2S x y x y =-；（Ⅱ）设1:l y kx =，C ，13S =，求k 的值； （Ⅲ）设1l 与2l 的斜率之积为m .求m 的值，使得无论1l 与2l 如何变动，面积S 保持不变.23.（本小题满分18分）已知数列{}n a 与{}n b 满足112()n n n n a a b b ++-=-，n Î*N . （Ⅰ）若35n b n =+，且11a =，求{}n a 的通项公式；（Ⅱ）设{}n a 的第0n 项是最大项，即0()n n a a n Î*N ≥.求证：{}n b 的第0n 项是最大项；（Ⅲ）设130a l =＜，()n n b n l =?*N .求l 的取值范围，使得对任意m ，n Î*N ，0n a ¹，且1(,6)6m n a a Î.1235c c ⎡⎤⎤⎡⎤=⎢⎥⎥⎢⎥⎦⎣⎦⎣⎦【提示】根据增广矩阵的定义得到【解析】正三棱柱的体积为14330x -+=30=，即得【提示】利用对数的运算性质化为指数类型方程，解出并验证即可【考点】对数方程.10.【答案】120122，2(m f x -++2m x ，，满足6m x <<≤27811π0,π,22x x x ===，，【提示】由正弦函数的有界性可得，对任意πsin 3OB θ⎛+ ⎝(4OB =cos OP OR O ∠31212OA d x y =1,=得21x =13kx1221mx x kx k -1212k m x x k -=222k m+42(4k S ++k 无关，(21212m k +【考点】椭圆的基本性质，直线与椭圆的关系。
2015年高考真题——英语(上海卷)_Word版含解析汇报
2015年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（上海卷）英语考生注意：1.考试时间120分钟，试卷满分150分。
2.本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。
试卷分为第Ⅰ卷（第1-12页）和第Ⅱ卷（第13页），全卷共13页。
所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（填空题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。
答题前，务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上，在答题纸反面清楚地填写姓名。
第Ⅰ卷（共103分）I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers.At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Theconversation and the question will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversationand the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decidewhich one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1.A. impatient B. confused C. pleased D. regretful2. A. at a bus stopB. at a laundryC. at the dentist’s D. at the chemist’s3. A. An actor B. A salesman C. A translator D. A writer4. A. He lost his classmate’s homework.B. He can’t help the woman with her math.C. He broke the woman’s calculator.D. He doesn’t know where the “on” button is.5. A. The woman should go to another counter.B. The woman gives the man so many choices.C. The man dislike the sandwiches offered there.D. The man is having trouble deciding what to eat.6. A. She has no idea where to find the man’s exam result.B. She isn’t allowed to tell students their grades.C. Dr. White hasn’t finish grading the papers.D. Dr. White doesn’t want to be contacted while he’s away.7. A. Move to a neat dormitory B. Find a person to share their apartmentC. Clean the room with the roommateD. Write an article about their roommate8. A. Bob won’t take her adviceB. Bob doesn’t want to go abroadC. She doesn’t think Bob should study overseasD. She hasn’t talked to Bob since he went aboard9. A. The snack bar isn’t usually so empty. B. Dessert is served in the snack bar.C. The snack bar is near the library.D. Snacks aren’tallowed in the library.10. A. Take her bicycle to the repair shop. B. Leave her bicycle outside.C. Clean the garage after the rain stops.D. Check if thegarage is dry.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. It helps care for customers’ dogs.B. You have to buy food for dogs.C. None of the dogs are caged.D. There is a dog named Princess.12. A. She likes the food there.B. She enjoys the fun with a pet.C. She can have free coffee.D. She doesn’t like to be alone.13. A. A new kind of cafe.B. A new brand of cafe.C. A new home for pets.D. A new way to raise pets.Question 14 through 16 are based on the following passages.14. A. A trend that high achievers are given a lower salary.B. A view that life quality is more important than pay.C. A dream of the young for fast-paced jobs.D. A new term created by high achievers.15. A. 10% B. 12% C. 6% D. 7%16. A. People are less satisfied with their lives.B. The financial investment may increase.C. Well-paid jobs are not easy to find.D. Unexpected problems may arise.Section CDirections: In section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN ONE WORD for each answer.Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.II. Grammar and vocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form. of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)Gift from a strangerMy local supermarket is always busy. The first parking space I found was convenient, but I'd noticed a woman in a blue car circling for a while. (25) _____ I was in a good mood, I let her have it. On the edge of the car park I backed into the next available spot—it was a tight fit.Pretty soon I'd made my way through the supermarket and was back in the fresh air. Feeling good, I (26) _____(empty) my purse change into the hands of a homeless man and helped a struggling woman reverse park（倒车）.Just as I approached my car, 1 saw the woman I'd let have my car space earlier. She was giving me (27) _____ odd look—half puzzled, half intent (热切的). I smiled and wished her a pleasant day. As I squeezed back into my car, I spotted the same lady (28) _____ (look) in at me. "Hello," she said, hesitantly. "This (29) _____ sound crazy but I was on my way to drop some of my mother's things off at the charity bins.” You are just so much (30) _____ her.” You helped those people, I noticed, and you seemed so happy.” She looked at me meaningfully and passed a box in through the window. “I think she would like you to have it.” (31) _____ (shock), I took it from her automatically. She smiled and walked away.After a pause, I opened the box. Inside was a beautiful gold necklace with a large grey pearl. It was (32) _____ (nice) gift I'd ever received, and it was from a complete stranger. The necklace was around my neck, a warm reminder of human kindness.(B)Ask helpful HannahDear helpful Hannah,I’ve got a problem with my husband, Sam. He bought a smart phone a couple ofmonths ago and he took it on our recent ski vacation to Colorado, it was a greattrip except for one problem. He has a constant urge (33) for next messages;he checks his phone every five minutes! He’s so addicted to it that he just can’t stand the idea (34) there may be an important text. He can’t help checkingeven at inappropriate times like when we are eating in a restaurant and I am talkingto him! He behaves (35) any small amount of boredom can make him feel theneed to check his phone even when he know he shouldn’t. The temptation to see (36)is connecting him is just too great. When I ask him to put down the phone and stop(37) (ignore) me, he say, “In a minute.” but still checks to see if (38)has posted something new on the Internet. Our life (39) (interrupted). Ifwe go somewhere and I ask him to have the phone at home, he suffers from withdrawalsymptom. May this dependency on his smart phone has become more than an everydayproblem.I recently read an article about “nomophobia,” (40) is a real illnesspeople can’t suffer from the fear of being without your phone! I am worried thatSam maybe suffering from this illness because he feels anxious if he doesn’t havehis phone with him, even for a short time.Who would have thought that little devices like these could have brought so muchtrouble!Sick and Tired SadieSection BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each wordcan only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Considering how much time people spend in effects, it is important that withA be well designed. Well-designed office spaces help create a corporation’s image. They motivate workers and they make an impression on people who visit and might be potential, or 41 , customers. They make business work better, and they area part of the corporate culture to live in.As we move away from an industrial-based economy to a knowledge-based one, office designers come up with 42 to the traditional work environments of the past. The design industry has moved away from a fixed office setup and created more flexible “strategic management environments.” These 43 solutions are meant to support better organizational performance.As employee hierarchies （等级制度）have flattened or decreased, office designers’ response to this change has been to move open-plan areas to more desirable locations within the office and create fewer formal private offices. The need for increased flexibility has also been 44 by changes in workstation design. Office and work spaces often are not 45 to a given person on a permanent basis. Because of changes to methods of working, new design allow for expansion or movementof desks, storage, and equipment within the workplace. Another important design goalis communication, which designers have improved by breaking the walls that 46 workstations. Designers have also created informal gathering places and upgraded employees’ 47 to heavily trafficked areas such as copy and coffee rooms.Corporate and institutional office designers often struggle to resolve a numberof competing and often 48 demands, including budgetary limits, employees hierarchies and technological innovation (especially in relation to computerization). These demands must also be balanced with the need to create interiors (内饰) that in some way enhance, establish or possess a company’s image and will enable employees to 49 and their best.All these 50 of office design are related. The most successful officedesigns are like good marriage—the well-designed office and the employees that occupy it are seemingly made for each other.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections:For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.If you studied pictures that ancient people left on rock walls and you tried to determine their meaning, you would not detect interest in romance among the artists. 51 , you would see plenty of animals with people running after them. Life for ancient people’s earned to center on hunting and gathering wild foods for meals.In modern times, when food is available in grocery stores, finding love is more 52 in people’s lives. The 53 is all around us. It is easy to prepare a list of modern stories having to do with love. An endless number of books and movies qualify as love stories in popular culture.Researchers are studying whether love, a highly valued emotional state, can be 54 . They ask, what is love? Toothpaste companies want us to think attraction is all about clean teeth, but clean teeth go only so far. Scientists wonder how much the brain gets involved. You have probably heard that opposites attract but that 55 attract, too. One thing is certain: The truth about love is not yet set in stone. First ImpressionTo help determine the 56 of attraction, researchers paired 164 college classmates and had them talk for 3, 6 or 10 minutes so they could get a sense of each other’s individuality. Then students were asked to 57 what kind of relationship they were likely to build with their partners. After nine weeks, they reported what happened.As it turned out, their 58 judgments often held true. Students seemed to 59 at an early stage who would best fit into their lives.The 60 KnowsScientists have also turned to nonhumans to increase understanding of attraction. Many animals give off pheromones — natural chemicals that can be detected by, and then can produce a response in, other animals of the same species. Pheromones can signal that an animal is either ready to fight or is feeling 61 to partnerships. In contrast, humans do not seem to be as 62 as other animals at detecting such chemicals. Smell, however, does seem to play a part in human attraction. Although we may not be aware of chemicals like pheromones consciously, we give and receive loads of information through smell in every interaction with other people.Face ValueBeing fond of someone seems to have a number of factors, including seeing something we find attractive. Researchers had people judge faces for 63 . The participants had 0.013 seconds to view each face, yet somehow they generally considered the images the same as people who had more time to study the same faces. The way we 64 attractiveness seem to be somewhat automatic.When shown an attractive face and then words with good or bad associations, people responded to 65 words faster after viewing an attractive face. Seeing something attractive seems to cause happy thinking.51. A. Instead B. Therefore C. Moreover D. Otherwise52. A. romantic B. stressful C. central D. artificial53. A. priority B. proof C. possibility D. principle54. A. tested B. impressed C. changed D. created55. A. appearances B. virtues C. similarities D. passions56. A. illustrations B. implications C. ingredients D. intentions57. A. predict B. investigate C. diagnose D. recall58. A. critical B. initial C. random D. mature59. A. memorize B. distinguish C. negotiate D. question60. A. Nose B. Eye C. Heart D. Hand61. A. open B. alert C. resistant D. superior62. A. disappointed B. amazed C. confused D. gifted63. A. emotion B. attractiveness C. individuality D. signals64. A. enhance B. possess C. maintain D. assess65. A. familiar B. plain C. positive D. irritating第二部分：阅读理解（第一节共20小题，第二节5小题；每小题2分，满分50分）阅读下列材料，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该选项标号涂黑。
2015年上海市高考英语试卷及答案完美解析(word版)
2014-2015学年上海市高考英语试卷考生注意：1. 考试时间120分钟，试卷满分150分。
2. 本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。
试卷分为第I卷（第1-12页）和第II卷（第13页），全卷共13页。
所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。
3. 答题前，务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上，在答题纸反面清楚地填写姓名。
第I卷(共103分)I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections:In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. Impatient. B. Confused. C. Pleased. D. Regretful.2. A. At a bus stop. B. At a laundry. C. At the dentist’s. D. At the chemist’s.3. A. An actor. B. A salesman. C. A translator. D. A writer.4. A. He lost his classmate’s homework. B. He can’t help the woman with her math.C. He broke the woman’s calculator.D. He doesn’t know where the “on” button is.5. A. The woman should go to another counter.B. The woman gives the man so many choices.C. The man dislikes the sandwiches offered there.D. The man is having trouble deciding what to eat.6. A. She has no idea where to find the man’s exam result.B. She isn’t allowed to tell students their grades.C. Dr. White hasn’t finished grading the papers.D. Dr. White doesn’t want to be contacted while he’s away.7. A. Move to a neat dormitory. B. Find a person to share their apartment.C. Clean the room with the roommate.D. Write an article about their roommate.8. A. Bob won’t take her advice.B. Bob doesn’t want to go abroad.C. She doesn’t think Bob should study overseas.D. She hasn’t talked to Bob since he went abroad.9. A. The snack bar isn’t usually so empty. B. Dessert is served in the snack bar.C. The snack bar is near the library.D. Snacks aren’t allowed in the library.10. A. Take her bicycle to the repair shop. B. Leave her bicycle outside.C. Clean the garage after the rain stops.D. Check if the garage is dry.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. It helps care for customers’ dogs. B. You have to buy food for dogs.C. None of the dogs are caged.D. There is a dog named Princess.12. A. She likes the food there. B. She enjoys the fun with a pet.C. She can have free coffee.D. She doesn’t like to be alone.13. A. A new kind of café. B. A new brand of coffee.C. A new home for pets.D. A new way to raise pets.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. A trend that high achievers are given a lower salary.B. A view that life quality is more important than pay.C. A dream of the young for fast-paced jobs.D. A new term created by high achievers.15. A. 10% B. 12% C. 6% D. 7%16.A. People are less satisfied with their lives. B. The financial investment may increase.C. Well-paid jobs are not easy to find.D. Unexpected problems may arise.Section CDirections:In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each answer.SRTService NotesAccount No.:17Service Request:Check the18Solutions:Send another19(2 p.m. on20)Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.In what way are these climbers special?They are all21 .To prove 22 .Why did they choose to conquer MountKilimanjaro?What did they do in time of difficulty?They persevered, 23 each other.How did they record their adventure?By keeping24 .II. Grammar and vocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A）Gift from a strangerMy local supermarket is always busy. The first parking space I found was convenient, but I’d noticed a woman in a blue car circling for a while. (25) _____ I was in a good mood, I let her have it. On the edge of the car park I backed into the next available spot—it was a tight fit.Pretty soon I’d made my way through the supermarket and was back in the fresh air. Feeling good, I (26) _____ (empty) my purse change into the hands of a homeless man and helped a struggling woman reverse park.Just as I approached my car, I saw the woman I’d let have my car spot earlier. She was giving me (27) _____ odd look—half puzzled, half intent (热切的). I smiled and wished her a pleasant day. As I squeezed back into my car, I saw the same lady (28) _____ (look) in at me. “Hello,” she said, hesitantly. “This (29) _____ sound crazy but I was on my way to drop some of my mother’s things off at the charity bins. You are just so much (30) _____ her. You helped those people, I noticed, and you seemed so happy.” She looked at me meaningfully and passed a box inthrough the window. “I think she would like you to have it.” (31) _____ (shock), I took it from her automatically. She smiled and walked away.After a pause, I opened the box. Inside was a beautiful gold necklace with a large grey pearl. It was (32) _____ (nice) gift I’d ever received, and it was from a complete stranger. The necklace was around my neck, a warm reminder of human kindness.(B)Ask Helpful HannahDear Helpful Hannah,I’ve got a problem with my husband, Sam. He bought a smartphone a couple of months ago, and he took it on our recent ski vacation to Colorado. It was a great trip except for one problem. He has a constant urge (33) _____ (check) for text messages; he checks his phone every five minutes! He’s so addicted to it that he just can’t stand the idea (34) _____ there may be an important text. He can’t help checking even at inappropriate times like when we are eating in a restaurant and I am talking to him! He behaves (35) _____ _____ any small amount of boredom can make him feel the need to check his phone even when he knows he shouldn’t. The temptation to see (36) _____ is contacting him is just too great. When I ask him to please put down the phone and stop (37) _____ (ignore) me, he says, “In a minute,” but still checks to see if (38) _____ has posted something new on the Internet. Our life (39) _____ (interrupt). If we go somewhere and I ask him to leave the phone at home, he suffers from withdrawal symptoms. Maybe this dependency on his smartphone has become more than an everyday problem.I recently read an article about “nomophobia,” (40) _____ is a real illness people can suffer from: the fear of being without your phone! I am worried that Sam may be suffering from this illness because he feels anxious if he doesn’t have his phone with him, even for a short time.Who would have thought that little devices like these could have brought so much trouble!Sick and Tired SadieSection BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. accessB. alternativesC. assignedD. confirmedE. conflictingF. elementsG. functionH. innovativeI. prospectiveJ. separateK. supportingConsidering how much time people spend in offices, it is important that work spaces be well designed. Well-designed office spaces help create a corporation’s image. They motivate workers, and they make an impression onpeople who visit and might be potential, or 41 , customers. They make businesses work better, and they are a part of the corporate culture we live in.As we move away from an industrial-based economy to a knowledge-based one, office designers have come up with 42 to the traditional work environments of the past. The design industry has moved away from a fixed office setup and created more flexible “strategic management environment.” These 43 solutions are meant to support better organizational performance.As employee hierarchies（等级制度）have flattened, or decreased, office designers’ response to this change has been to move open-plan areas to more desirable locations within the office and create fewer formal private offices. The need for increased flexibility has also been 44 by changes in workstation design. Offices and work spaces often are not 45 to a given person on a permanent basis. Because of changes to methods of working, new designs allow for expansion or movement of desks, storage, and equipment within the workstation. Another important design goal is communication, which designers have improved by lowering the walls that 46 workstations. Designers have also created informal gathering places, and upgraded employees’ 47 to heavily trafficked areas such as copy and coffee rooms.Corporate and institutional office designers often struggle to resolve a number of competing and often 48 demands, including budgetary limits, employee hierarchies, and technological innovation（especially in relation to computerization）. These demands must also be balanced with the need to create interiors（内饰）that in some way enhance, establish, or promote a company’s image and will enable employees to 49 at their best.All these 50 of office design are related. The most successful office designs are like a good marriage --- the well-designed office and the employees that occupy it are seemingly made for each other.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.If you studied pictures that ancient people left on rock walls and you tried to determine their meaning, you would not detect a deep interest in romance among the artists. 51 , you would see plenty of animals with people running after them. Life for ancient people seemed to center on hunting and gathering wild foods for meals.In modern times, when food is available in grocery stores, finding love is more 52 to people’s lives. The 53 is all around us. It is easy to prepare a list of modern stories having to do with love. An endless number of books and movies qualify as love stories in popular culture.Researchers are studying whether love, a highly valued emotional state, can be 54 . They ask, what is love? Toothpaste companies want us to think attraction is all about clean teeth, but clean teeth go only so far. Scientists wonder how much the brain gets involved. You have probably heard that opposites attract but that 55 attract, too. One thing is certain: The truth about love is not yet set in stone.First ImpressionTo help determine the 56 of attraction, researchers paired 164 college classmates and had them talk for 3, 6 or 10 minutes so they could get a sense of each other’s individuality. Then students were asked to 57 what kind of relationship they were likely to build with their partners. After nine weeks, they reported what happened.As it turned out, their 58 judgments often held true. Students seemed to 59 at an early stage who would best fit into their lives.The 60 KnowsScientists have also turned to nonhumans to increase understanding of attraction. Many animals give off pheromones — natural chemicals that can be detected by, and then can produce a response in, other animals of the same species. Pheromones can signal that an animal is either ready to fight or is feeling 61 to partnerships. In contrast, humans do not seem to be as 62 as other animals at detecting such chemicals. Smell, however, does seem to play a part in human attraction. Although we may not be aware of chemicals like pheromones consciously, we give and receive loads of information through smell in every interaction with other people.Face ValueBeing fond of someone seems to have a number of factors, including seeing something we find attractive. Researchers had people judge faces for 63 . The participants had 0.013 seconds to view each face, yet somehow they generally considered the images the same as people who had more time to study the same faces. The way we 64 attractiveness seems to be somewhat automatic.When shown an attractive face and then words with good or bad associations, people responded to 65 words faster after viewing an attractive face. Seeing something attractive seems to cause happy thinking.51. A. Instead B. Therefore C. Moreover D. Otherwise52. A. romantic B. stressful C. central D. beneficial53. A. priority B. proof C. possibility D. principle54. A. tested B. imposed C. changed D. created55. A. appearances B. virtues C. similarities D. passions56. A. illustrations B. implications C. ingredients D. intentions57. A. predict B. investigate C. diagnose D. recall58. A. critical B. initial C. random D. mature59. A. memorize B. distinguish C. negotiate D. question60. A. Nose B. Eye C. Heart D. Hand61. A. open B. alert C. resistant D. superior62. A. disappointed B. amazed C. confused D. gifted63. A. emotions B. attractiveness C. individuality D. signals64. A. enhance B. possess C. maintain D. asses65. A. familiar B. plain C. positive D. irritatingSection BDirections:Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Look to many of history’s cultural symbols, and there you’ll find an ancestor of Frosty, the snowman in the movie Frozen. It appeared on some of the first postcards, starred in some of the earliest silent movies, and was the subject of a couple of the earliest photos, dating all the way back to the 1800s. I discovered even more about one of humanity’s earliest forms of folk art during several years of research around the world.For example, snowmen were a phenomenon in the Middle Ages, built with great skill and thought. At a time of limited means of expression, snow was like free art supplies dropped from the sky. It was a popular activity for couples to leisurely walk through town to view the temporary works of chilly art. Some were created by famous artists, including a 19-year-old Michelangelo, who in 1494 was appointed by the ruler of Florence, Italy, to build a snowman in his mansion’s courtyard.The Miracle of 1511 took place during six freezing weeks called the Winter of Death. The city of Brussels was covered in snowmen—an impressive scene that told stories on every street corner. Some were political in nature, criticizing the church and government. Some were a reflection of people’s imagination. For the people of Brussels, this was a defining moment of artistic freedom. At least until spring arrived, by which time they were dealing with damaging floods.If you fear the heyday of the snowman has passed, don’t worry: I’ve learned that some explosive snowman history is still being made today. Every year since 1818, the people of Zurich, Switzerland, celebrate the beginning of spring by blowing up a snowman. On the third Monday of April, the holiday Sechseläuten is kicked off when acotton snowman called the Böögg is stuffed with explosive and paraded through town by bakers and other tradesmen who throw bread to the crowds. The parade ends with the Böögg being placed on a 40-foot pile of firewood. After the bells of the Church of St. Peter have rung six times, representing the passing of winter, the pile is lit. When the snowman explodes, winter is considered officially over—the quicker it is burnt down, the longer summer is said to be.66. According to the passage, why did snowmen become a phenomenon in the Middle Ages?A. People thought of snow as holy art supplies.B. People longed to see masterpieces of snow.C. Building snowmen was a way for people to express themselves.D. Building snowmen helped people develop their skill and thought.67. “The heyday of the snowman” (paragraph 4) means the time when___________.A. snowmen were made mainly by artistsB. snowmen enjoyed great popularityC. snowmen were politically criticizedD. snowmen caused damaging floods68. In Zurich, the blowing up of the Boogg symbolizes__________________.A. the start of the paradeB. the coming of a longer summerC. the passing of the winterD. the success of tradesmen69. What can be concluded about snowmen from the passage?A. They were appreciated in historyB. They have lost their valueC. They were related to moviesD. They vary in shape and size(B)Scary BunnyThe Curse of the Were-Rabbit (2005) is the first full-length feature film made by directors Nick Park and Steve Box with their amazing plasticine (粘土) characters Wallace and Gromit. It won an Oscar in 2006, and if you watch it, you’ll understand why. It’s an absolutely brilliant cartoon comedy.Cheese-loving inventor Wallace and his brainy dog Gromit have started a company to protect the town’s vegetables from hungry rabbits. However, just before the annual Giant Vegetable Competition, an enormous rabbit begins terrorising the town. It is attacking all the vegetables and destroying everything in its path. The competition organizer, Lady Tottington, hires Wallace and Gromit to catch the monster alive. But they will have to find the were-rabbit before gun-crazy hunter Victor Quartermaine who is desperate to kill it.The screenplay is witty and full of amusing visual jokes. As usual, the voice of Peter Sallis is absolutely perfect for the role of Wallace, and Gromit is so beautifully brought to life, he can express a huge range of emotions without saying a word. And both Helena Bonham-Carter, who plays the part of Lady Tottington, and Ralph Fiennes as Victor are really funny.To sum up, The Curse of the Were-Rabbit is an amazing film which is suitable for both children and adults. If you liked Wallace and Gromit’s previous adventures and you appreciate the British sense of humour, you’ll love this film. Don’t miss it!70. In the film review, what is paragraph A mainly about?A. The introduction to the leading rolesB. The writer’s opinion of actingC. The writer’s comments on the storyD. The background information71. According to the film review, “the monster” (paragraph B) refers to ______.A. a gun-crazy hunterB. a brainy dogC. a scary rabbitD. a giant vegetable72. Which of the following is a reason why the writer recommends the film?A. It’s full of wit and humour.B. Its characters show feelings without words.C. It is an adventure film directed by Peter Sallis.D. It is about the harmony between man and animals.(C)One of the executives gathered at the Aspen Institute for a day-long leadership workshop using the works of Shakespeare was discussing the role of Brutus in the death of Julius Caesar. “Brutus was not an honorable man,” he said. “He was a traitor（叛徒）. And he murdered someone in cold blood.” The agreement was that Brutus had acted with cruelty when other options were available to him. He made a bad decision, they said—at least as it was presented by Shakespeare—to take the lead in murdering Julius Caesar. And though one of the executives acknowledged that Brutus had the good of the republic in mind, Caesar was nevertheless his superior. “You have to understand,” the executives said, “our policy is to obey the chain of command.”During the last few years, business executives and book writers looking for a new way to advise corporate America have been exploiting Shakespeare’s wisdom for profitable ends. None more so than husband and wife team Kenneth and Carol Adelman, well-known advisers to the White House, who started up a training company called “Movers and Shakespeares”. They are amateur Shakespeare scholars and Shakespeare lovers, and they have combined their passion and their high level contacts into a management training business. They conduct between 30 and 40 workshops annually, focusing on half a dozen different plays, mostly for corporations, but also for government agencies.The workshops all take the same form, focusing on a single play as a kind of case study, and using individual scenes as specific lessons. In Julius Caesar, for example, Cassius’s sly provocation（狡诈的挑唆）of Brutus to take up arms against Caesar was a basis for a discussion of methods of team building and grass roots organising.Although neither of the Adelmans is academically trained in literature, the programmes contain plenty of Shakespeare tradition and background. Their workshop on Henry V, for example, includes a helpful explanation of Henry’s winning strategy at the Battle of Agincourt. But they do come to the text with a few biases (偏向): their reading of Henry V minimizes his misuse of power. Instead, they emphasize the story of the youth who seizes opportunity and becomes a masterful leader. And at the workshop on Caesar, Mr. Adelmans had little good to say about Brutus, saying “the noblest Roman of them all” couldn’t make his mind up about things.Many of the participants pointed to very specific elements in the play that they felt to be related. Caesar’s pride, which led to his murder, and Brutus’s mistakes in leading the traitors after the murder, they said, raise vital questions for anyone serving in a business: when and how do you resist the boss?73. According to paragraph 1, what did all the executives think of Brutus?A. Cruel.B. Superior.C. Honorable.D. Rude74. According to the passage, the Adelmans set up “Movers and Shakespeares” to ________.A. help executives to understand Shakespeare’s plays betterB. give advice on leadership by analyzing Shakespeare’s playsC. provide case studies of Shakespeare’s plays in literature workshopsD. guide government agencies to follow the characters in Shakespeare’s plays.75. Why do the Adelmans conduct a workshop on Henry V?A. To highlight the importance of catching opportunities.B. To encourage masterful leaders to plan strategies to win.C. To illustrate the harm of prejudices in management.D. To warn executives against power misuse.76. It can be inferred from the passage that ____.A. the Adelmans’ programme proves biased as the roles of characters are maximized.B. executives feel bored with too many specific elements of Shakespeare’s plays.C. the Adelmans will make more profits if they are professional scholars.D. Shakespeare has played an important role in the management field.77. The best title for the passage is _____.A. Shakespeare’s plays: Executives reconsider corporate cultureB. Shakespeare’s plays: An essential key to business successC. Shakespeare’s plays: a lesson for business motivationD. Shakespeare’s plays: Dramatic training brings dramatic resultsSection CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.Youth sport has the potential to accomplish three important objectives in children’s development. First, sport programs provide youth with opportunities to be physically active, which can lead to improved physical health. Second, youth-sport programs have long been considered important to youth’s psychosocial development, providing opportunities to learn important life skills such as cooperation, discipline, leadership, and self-control. Third, youth sport programs are critical for the learning of motor skills（运动技能）; these motor skills serve as a foundation for future national sport stars and recreational adult sport participants. When coachers develop activities for youth practices and when sport organizations design youth-sport programs, they must consider the implication of deliberate play and deliberate practice.Research from Telama (2006) states that regular participation in deliberate play or deliberate practice activities during childhood and youth (ages nine to eighteen) increases the likelihood of participation in sports during adulthood by six times for both males and females. Côté (2002) defines deliberate play activities in sport as those designed to maximize enjoyment. These activities are regulated by flexible rules adapted from standardized sport rules and are set up by the children or by an involved adult. Children typically change rules to find a point where their game is similar to the actual sport but still allows for play at their level. For example, children may change soccer and basketball rules to suit their needs and environment (e.g., in the street, on a playing field or in someone’s backyard). When involved in deliberate play activities, children are less concerned with the outcome of their behavior (whether they win or lose) than with the behavior (having fun).On the other hand, Ericsson (1993) suggests that the most effective learning occurs through involvement in highly structured activities defined as deliberate practice. Deliberate practice activities require effort, produce no immediate rewards, and are motivated by the goal of improving performance rather than the goal of enjoyment. When individuals are involved in deliberate play, they experiment with new or different combinations of behaviors, but not necessarily in the most effective way to improve performance. In contrast, when individuals are involved in deliberate practice, they exhibit behavior focused on improving performance by the most effective means available. For example, the backhand skills in tennis could be learned and improved over time by playing matches or by creating fun practice situations. However, players could more effectively improve their backhand performance by practicing drills that might be considered less enjoyable. Although the drills used in deliberate practice might not be the most enjoyable, they might be the most relevant to improving performance.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS)78. Besides the learning of motor skills, what are the other two important objectives of youth sport?79. If children participate in deliberate play or deliberate practice activities, they are more likely to________________.80. In deliberate play activities, what do children do to maximize enjoyment?81. In contrast to deliberate play, deliberate practice is aimed at____________.第II卷（共47分）I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1.美食是人们造访上海的乐趣之一。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
If you studied pictures that ancient people left on rock walls and you tried to determine their meaning, you would not detect interest in romance among the artists. __51__, you would see plenty of animals with people running after them. Life for ancient people seemed to center on hunting and gathering wild foods for meals.
In modern times, when food is available in grocery stores, finding love is more __52__ in people’s lives. The __53__ is all around us. It is easy to prepare a list of modern stories having to do with love. An endless number of books and movies qualify as love stories in popular culture.
Researchers are studying whether love, a highly valued emotional state, can be __54__. They ask, what is love? Toothpaste companies want us to think attraction is all about clean teeth, but clean teeth go only so far. Scientists wonder how much the brain gets involved. You have probably heard that opposites attract but that __55__ attract, too. One thing is certain: The truth about love is not yet set in stone.
First Impression
To help determine the __56__ of attraction, researchers paired 164 college classmates and had them talk for 3, 6 or 10 minutes so they could get a sense of each other’s individuality. Then students were asked to __57__ what kind of relationship they were likely to build with their partners. After nine weeks, they reported what happened.
As it turned out, their __58__ judgments often held true. Students seemed to __59__ at an early stage who would best fit into their lives.
The __60__ Knows
Scientists have also turned to nonhumans to increase understanding of attraction. Many animals give off pheromones -- natural chemicals that can be detected by, and then can produce a response in, other animals of the same species. Pheromones can signal that an animal is either ready to fight or is feeling __61__ to partnerships. In contrast, humans do not seem to be as __62__ as other animals at detecting such chemicals. Smell, however, does seem to play a part in human attraction. Although we may not be aware of chemicals like pheromones consciously, we give and receive loads of information through smell in every interaction with other people.
Face Value
Being fond of someone seems to have a number of factors, including seeing something we find attractive. Researchers had people judge faces for __63__. The participants had 0.013 seconds to view each face, yet somehow they generally considered the images the same as people who had more time to study the same faces. The way we __64__ attractiveness seem to be somewhat automatic.
When shown an attractive face and then words with good or bad associations, people responded to __65__ words faster after viewing an attractive face. Seeing something attractive seems to cause happy thinking.
pheromones：信息素
go only so far：仅此而已（远远不够）
51. A. instead B. Therefore C. Moreover D. Otherwise
52. A. romantic B. stressful C. central D. artificial
53. A. priority B. proof C. possibility D. principle
54. A. seated B. impressed C. changed D. created
55. A. appearances B. virtues C. similarity D. passions
56. A. illustrations B. imaginations C. ingredients D. instructions
57. A. predict B. investigate C. diagnose D. recall
58. A. critical B. initial C. random D. transfer
59. A. memorize B. distinguish C. negotiate D. question
60. A. Nose B. Eye C. Heart D. Hand
61. A. open B. alert C. resistant D. superior
62. A. disappointed B. amazed C. confused D. gifted
63. A. emotion B. attractiveness C. individuality D. signals
64. A. enhance B. possess C. maintain D. assess
65. A. familiar B. plain C. positive D. irritating。