新概念英语第二册39课

I'd like to exchange this dress for one in a smaller size.
我想把这件衣服换一件小点尺寸的。 4. 交换，互换，轮换 (with)：
Inquire vt. 问，打听，询问 vi.1. 问，打听，询问 2. 调查，查问(常与into连用)
Phrases: inquire into 调查，探究 inquire about 询问，查问；打听 inquire of 询问；打听 inquire for 求见；要找 inquire after 问候；询问起
3、直接引语变成间接引语时，从句时态无
须改变的情况
1）当主句的谓语动词是一般现在时的时候， 如： He always says, “I am tired out.” ——>He always says that he is tired out. 2）当主句的谓语动词是将来时的时候，
如： He will say, “I’ll try my best to help you.”
2、时态的转换 直接引语改为间接引语时，主句中的谓语动词 如果是过去时，从句（即间接引语部分）的谓语动词在时态方 面要作相应的变化，变成过去时范畴的各种时态（实际也是宾 语从句的时态要求），变化如下：
直接引语 间接引语
一般现在时 一般过去时
一般过去时 过去完成时
现在进行时 过去进行时 现在完成时 过去完成时 过去完成时 过去完成时 过去进行时 过去进行时 一般将来时 过去将来时
句的谓语动词可直用接引语中的said, 也可用told来代替，
如： He said, “I have been to the Great Wall.”
——>He said to us that he had been to the Great Wall.
He said, “I'll give you an examination next Monday.”
变成）ask sb. not to do（由否定祈使句转变），并
且在不定式短语中的时间状语、地点
• 1)人称 • 人称的变化——“一主、二宾、三不变”。 意为在改为间接引语时，直接引语里的第 一人称照主句的主语变化。第二人称看主 语的宾语而变化，第三人称无需变化。
• 2) 句式/连词
• 3)指示代词、时间状语、地点状语、方向性动 词的变化
如： He asked，“What's your name?”
——> He asked（me）what my name was.
5）直接引语为祈使句时，改为间接引语，用带to的
不定式表达，谓语动词常是ask, advise, tell, warn,
order, request等。如ask sb. to do，（由肯定祈使句
alone with 与…一起
Exchange vt.1. 换，更换，调换，掉换：
Most store will allow the customers to exchange their goods.
大多数商店将允许顾客更换商品。 2. 换回，换来，换取 3. 把…换成；用…交换；兑换(for)
——> He told us that he would give us an examination
the next Monday.（不可说told that） 2）直接引语为一般疑问句，（也称是否疑问句，）间接 引语用连词whether或if引导，原主句中谓语动词said要 改为asked（me/him/us等），语序是陈述句的语序，这
Relative adj. 1. 相互有关的；休戚与共的 2. 与…有关的；相关的 3. 比较而言的 4. 相对的 Even its successes are only relative. 即使成功也只是相对的。 It is a gift for my relative in my hometown. 这是我送给家乡一位亲戚的礼物。
——>He will say that he will try his best to help me.
3）当直接引语部分带有具体的过去时间状语时
如： He said, “I went to college in 1994.” ——>He told us that he went to college in 1994. 4）当直接引语中有以when, while引导的从句，表
如： He said，“Practice makes perfect.” ——>He
said that practice makes perfect.
7）当直接引语中有情态动词should, would, could,
had better, would rather, might, must, ought to, used
mental patient 精神病人
alone adj. 1. 孤零的，孤单的 2. 单独的；孤独的 adv. 1. 孤零地，孤单地，孤独地 2. 单独地 3. 独自地；孤立无援地 4. 只，只有；仅仅
Phrases:
let alone 更不必说；听任；不打扰 stand alone 孤立；独一无二
Patient
adj.1. 忍耐的；容忍的
2. 坚忍的；耐心的 3. 沉着的；不急躁的 4. 耐心等待的；显出有耐心的 5. 勤快的；孜孜不倦的 n. 1.病人；患者 2. 受动着；承受者
Phrases: patient of 能忍受 patient with 对……有耐心 patient care 病患照顾
一点非常重要。
如： He said, “Do you have any difficulty with pronunciation?”
——>He asked（me）whether/if I had any difficulty
with my pronunciation.
3） 直接引语为选择疑问句，间接引语用
to, need时
如：She asked, “Must I take the medicine?”
——> She asked if she had to take the medicine.
„注‟：此处用had to代替must更好 8）此外转述中的 here不必改为there, 动词come不必改为go，如果当天转 述yesterday, tomorrow, this afternoon等均不必改变。
3）直接引语中的第三人称不变 如： She said to her son, “She’ll check your homework tonight.” ——> She said to her son that she would check his homework that night. 4）人称的转换包括人称代词、物主代词和名词性物主代词等， 如： He asked me, “Will you go to the station with me to meet a friend of mine this afternoon?” ——> He asked me whether I would go to the station with him to meet a friend of his that afternoon. 总之，人称的转换不是固定的，具体情况，具体对待，要符合 逻辑。
5）当直接引语是客观真理或自然现象时，
如： Our teacher said to us, “Light travels faster than sound.” ——> Our teacher told us that light travels faster
tHale Waihona Puke Baiduan sound.
6）当引语是谚语、格言时，
whether…or…表达，而不用if…or…，也不用
either…or….
如： He asked, “Do you speak English or French?”
——> He asked me whether I spoke English or French.
4）直接引语为特殊疑问句，改成间接引语时，原来 的疑问词作为间接引语的连词，主句的谓语动词用 ask（sb.）来表达，语序改为陈述句语序。
示过去的时间时，
如： He said，“When I was a child, I usually played
football after school.”
——> He said that when he was a child, he usually
played football after school.
L39 •the following day •ask for sth. •a bedside telephone •the hospital exchange •inquire about •allow sb. to do sth. •for another two weeks
Lesson 39 Am I All Right ?
1、人称的转变
1）直接引语中的第一人称随主句主语变
如： He said，“I am very sorry.”
——>He said that he was very sorry.
2）直接引语中的第二人称随主句谓语变
如： “You should be more careful next time,” my father told me. ——> My father told me that I should be more careful the next time.
Successful n. 成功的，一帆风顺的
Phrases: successful in 在…成功的 Others:
Success n. 成功
Succeed v. 成功 Succession n. 连续；继位；继承权 Successor n. 继承者
Following adj. 下面的；其次的，接着的 n. 下列事物；一批追随者 v. 跟随；沿行（follow的ing形式） prep. 在…之后，接着 Phrases: in the following 在下面；在下文中 immediately following 紧跟着 following system 跟踪系统 following in order 循序
变化要因实际情况而定，不能机械照搬，如果当地转述，
3）地点状语：here变成there
She said, “I won't come here any more.”
——> She said that she wouldn’t go there any more.
4）动词：come变成go，bring变成take 5、直接引语变间接引语，句子结构的变化 1）陈述句。用连词that引导，that在口语中常省略。主 注意，可以说said that, said to sb. that, told sb. that， 不可直接说told that,
certain adj.1. 确凿的，毫无疑问的 2. 确定的；固定的 3. 必定的，必然的 4. 可靠的，可信赖 的 pron. 某些；某几个
Phrases: a certain extent 一定程度上 a certain degree 到某种程度 for certain 肯定地；确凿地 certain level 某一水平