中考英语语法难点汇总.doc

2019-2020 年中考英语语法难点汇总介词I. 要点1、介词和种类(1) 简单介词，常用的有 at, in, on, about, across, before, beside, for , to, without等。

(2) 复合介词，如 by means of, along with, because of, in front of, instead of等。

2、介词和其他词类的习惯搭配关系(1) 和动词的搭配，如 agree with, ask for, belong to, break away from, care about等。

(2) 和形容词的搭配，如 afraid of, angry with, different from, good at等。

(3) 和名词的搭配，如 answer to , key to, reason for, cause of, visit to等。

3、介词短语可以有自己的修饰语，这种修饰语通常有 right, just, badly, all, well, directly, completely 等少数几个副词。

如：He came right after dinner.He lives directly opposite the school. 4、 某些介词的意义与用法举例 (1) at, on, in ( 表时间 )表示时间点用 at ，如 at four o'clock, at midnight 等；表示不确定的时间或短期假日也 用 at ，如 at that time, at Christmas 等。

指某天用 on, 如 on Monday, on the end of November, 指某天的朝夕用 on ，如 onFriday morning, on the afternoon of September lst 等。

in ，如 in theafternoon, in February, in Summer, in 1999(2) between, among (表位置 )between 仅用于二者之间，但说三者或三者以上中的每两个之间的相互关系时，也用 between, 如I'm sitting between Tom and Alice. The village lies between three hills.among 用于三者或三者以上之间。

如： He is the best among the students. (3) beside, besidesbeside 意为 “在 旁边 ”，而 besides 意为 “除 之外 ”。

如： He sat beside me.What do you want besides this? (4) in the tree, on the treein the tree 指动物或人在树上，而 on the tree 指果实、树叶长在树上 (5) on the way, in the way, by the way, in this wayon the way 指在路上 in the way 指挡道 by the way 指顺便问一句 in this way 用这样的方法 (6) in the corner, at the cornerin the corner 指在拐角内 at the corner 指在拐角外 (7) in the morning, on the morningin the morning 是一般说法 on the morning 特指某一天的早晨(8) by bus, on the busby bus 是一般说法 on the bus 特指乘某一辆车 II. 例题例 1. Do you know any other foreign language ____ English?A. exceptB. butC. besideD. besides解析： A 、B 两项 except 等于 but ，意为 “除了 ”，C —beside 意为 “在 旁边 ”，不符合题意。

而 D —besides, 意为 “除了 之外，还有 ”。

所以该题正确答案为 D 。

该题意为：除指长于或短于一天的时段用等。

了英语外，你还知道别的语言吗？例2. He suddenly returned ____ a rainy night.A. onB. atC. inD. during解析：我们均知道，at night这一短语，但如果night 前有修饰词，表具体的夜晚，则要用介词on 来修饰，故该题正确答案为A。

例3. I'm looking forward ____ your letter.A. toB. inC. atD. on解析：该题正确答案为A。

look forward to为固定搭配，意为“期望、盼望”。

连词I.要点1、连词的种类or, (1)并列连词用来连接并列关系的词、短语或分句，如and, for, or, both and, eitherneither nor等。

(2)从属连词用来引导从句，如that, if, whether, when, after, as soon as 等。

除了从属连词 (引导状语从句 ) 外，还有其它可以用来引导从句的词类。

它们是连接代词和连接副词 (引导名词性从句 )，关系代词和关系副词 ( 引导定语从句 )。

2、常用连词举例(1)and 和，并且(2)bothand和，既也(3)but 但是，而(4)either或or或，要么要么Either you're wrong, or I am.(5) for因为I asked him to stay, for I had something to tell him.(6) however然而，可是Af first, he didn't want to go there. Later, however, he decided to go.(7) neither既nor不也不Neither my parents nor my aunt agrees with you.(8) not only but (also)不但而且He not only sings well, but also dances well.(9) or或者，否则Hurry up, or you'll be late.Are you a worker or a doctor?(10) so因此，所以It's getting late, so I must go.(11) although虽然Although it was late, they went on working.(12) as soon as一就I'll tell him as soon as I see him.(13) because因为He didn't go to school, because he was ill.(14) unless除非，如果不I won't go unless it is fine tomorrow.(15) until直到He didn't leave until eleven. (瞬间动词用于not until结构 )He stayed there until eleven.(16) while当时候，而( 表示对比 )While I stayed there, I met a friend of mine. (while后不可用瞬间动词)My pen is red while his is blue.(17) for因为He was ill, for he didn't come. (结论是推断出来的(18)s ince自从I have lived here since my uncle left.(19) hardly when一就I had hardly got to the station when the train left.(20) as far as就来说As far as I know, that country is very small.You may walk as far as the lake. (一直走到湖那里) )II.例题例1. John plays football ____, if not better than, David.A. as wellB. as well asC. so wellD. so well as解析：该题意为：John踢足球如果不比David好的话，那也踢得和David 一样好。

一样好为as well as.故该题正确答案为 B.和例2. She thought I was talking about her daughter, ____, in fact, I was talking about mydaughter.A. whenB. whereC. whichD. while解析：该处意为“然而”，只有while有此意思，故选D。

例3. Would you like a cup of coffee ____ shall we get down to business right away?A. andB. thenC. orD. otherwise解析：该处意为“或者”，正确答案为C。

动词时态、语态I.要点1、一般现在时(1)表示经常发生的动作或现在存在的状态，常与sometimes, always, often, every day时间状语连用。

如：Sometimes, we go swimming after school.(2)表示客观真理、科学事实等。

如：The earth goes round the sun.2、现在进行时(1)表示说话时或现阶段正在进行的动作，常与now, at present等时间状语连用。

如：等What are you doing now?(2)和 always, continually 等连用，表一种经常反复的动作，常含有某种情感。

如：He is always doing good deeds.3、现在完成时主要表示动作发生在过去，对现在仍有影响，或动作一直延续到现在，或可能还要继续下去，常与 just, already, so far, once, never等词连用。

如：Have you ever been to Beijing?4、一般将来时表示将来某一时间要发生的动作或存在的状态，常与tomorrow, next year等连用。