中考英语语法难点汇总.doc

2019-2020 年中考英语语法难点汇总

介词

I. 要点

1、介词和种类

(1) 简单介词，常用的有 at, in, on, about, across, before, beside, for , to, without

等。 (2) 复合介词，如 by means of, along with, because of, in front of, instead of

等。 2、介词和其他词类的习惯搭配关系

(1) 和动词的搭配，如 agree with, ask for, belong to, break away from, care about

等。 (2) 和形容词的搭配，如 afraid of, angry with, different from, good at

等。 (3) 和名词的搭配，如 answer to , key to, reason for, cause of, visit to

等。 3、介词短语可以有自己的修饰语，这种修饰语通常有 right, just, badly, all, well, directly, completely 等少数几个副词。如：

He came right after dinner.

He lives directly opposite the school. 4、 某些介词的意义与用法举例 (1) at, on, in ( 表时间 )

表示时间点用 at ，如 at four o'clock, at midnight 等；表示不确定的时间或短期假日也 用 at ，如 at that time, at Christmas 等。 指某天用 on, 如 on Monday, on the end of November, 指某天的朝夕用 on ，如 on

Friday morning, on the afternoon of September lst 等。 in ，如 in the

afternoon, in February, in Summer, in 1999

(2) between, among (

表位置 )

between 仅用于二者之间，但说三者或三者以上中的每两个之间的相互关系时，也用 between, 如

I'm sitting between Tom and Alice. The village lies between three hills.

among 用于三者或三者以上之间。如： He is the best among the students. (3) beside, besides

beside 意为 “在 旁边 ”，而 besides 意为 “除 之外 ”。如： He sat beside me.

What do you want besides this? (4) in the tree, on the tree

in the tree 指动物或人在树上，而 on the tree 指果实、树叶长在树上 (5) on the way, in the way, by the way, in this way

on the way 指在路上 in the way 指挡道 by the way 指顺便问一句 in this way 用这样的方法 (6) in the corner, at the corner

in the corner 指在拐角内 at the corner 指在拐角外 (7) in the morning, on the morning

in the morning 是一般说法 on the morning 特指某一天的早晨

(8) by bus, on the bus

by bus 是一般说法 on the bus 特指乘某一辆车 II. 例题

例 1. Do you know any other foreign language ____ English?

A. except

B. but

C. beside

D. besides

解析： A 、B 两项 except 等于 but ，意为 “除了 ”，C —beside 意为 “在 旁边 ”，不符合

题意。而 D —besides, 意为 “除了 之外，还有 ”。所以该题正确答案为 D 。该题意为：除

指长于或短于一天的时段用等。

了英语外，你还知道别的语言吗？

例2. He suddenly returned ____ a rainy night.

A. on

B. at

C. in

D. during

解析：我们均知道，at night这一短语，但如果night 前有修饰词，表具体的夜晚，则要用

介词on 来修饰，故该题正确答案为A。

例3. I'm looking forward ____ your letter.

A. to

B. in

C. at

D. on

解析：该题正确答案为A。 look forward to为固定搭配，意为“期望、盼望”。

连词

I.要点

1、连词的种类

or, (1)并列连词用来连接并列关系的词、短语或分句，如and, for, or, both and, either

neither nor等。

(2)从属连词用来引导从句，如that, if, whether, when, after, as soon as 等。

除了从属连词 (引导状语从句 ) 外，还有其它可以用来引导从句的词类。它们是连接代词

和连接副词 (引导名词性从句 )，关系代词和关系副词 ( 引导定语从句 )。

2、常用连词举例

(1)and 和，并且

(2)bothand和，既也

(3)but 但是，而

(4)either或or或，要么要么

Either you're wrong, or I am.

(5) for因为

I asked him to stay, for I had something to tell him.

(6) however然而，可是

Af first, he didn't want to go there. Later, however, he decided to go.

(7) neither既nor不也不

Neither my parents nor my aunt agrees with you.

(8) not only but (also)不但而且

He not only sings well, but also dances well.

(9) or或者，否则

Hurry up, or you'll be late.

Are you a worker or a doctor?

(10) so因此，所以

It's getting late, so I must go.

(11) although虽然

Although it was late, they went on working.

(12) as soon as一就

I'll tell him as soon as I see him.

(13) because因为

He didn't go to school, because he was ill.

(14) unless除非，如果不

I won't go unless it is fine tomorrow.

(15) until直到

He didn't leave until eleven. (瞬间动词用于not until结构 )

He stayed there until eleven.

(16) while当时候，而( 表示对比 )

While I stayed there, I met a friend of mine. (while后不可用瞬间动词

)

My pen is red while his is blue.