上海牛津英语中考阅读完型讲解

上海中考英语阅读完型讲解完型讲解一、解题基本步骤Step 1:通读全文，通读全文过程中确定文章体裁，确定文章主旨以及作者情感态度。

（能够体现作者情感态度的词：副词、形容词）Step 2:在通读全文过程中研读第一段。

Step 3:在通读全文过程中研读题目所在句，并在题目所在句查找你选的答案的线索。

Step 4:把你的答案代入文章检查，看上下文逻辑是否通顺、合理；若通顺合理则为正确答案。

总结：让学生总结解题思路二、常见难点1、单词不认识1）选项单词不认识①排除法②运用词根词缀，通常情况前缀决定一个单词的感情态度；词根决定一个单词的意思；后缀决定一个单词的词性。

如：disadvantageous词根—advantage，优势、好处，所以这个单词肯定跟“优势、好处”有关前缀—dis-，表示否定，决定这个单词对词根的感情态度是否定，也就使之变成了“劣势”后缀—-ous，为形容词后缀通过上面解析，可以大致猜测该单词为“不利的”意思2）文章单词不认识①词根词缀②上下文推测如：The war made him separate from his families,which made him miss his families very much.总结：让学生总结单词不认识时候的处理思路2、句子看不懂根据图片讲解例句讲解：先把句子划到最简，再翻译出意思。

关系代词（that,which,who,whom,whose,as）引导的定语从句一、把从句翻在先行词的前面，译为“......的”二、把先行词待到从句中去翻1）Then they made a map of where the treasure was or wrote down other clues（线索）that would help them or someone else2）Then there is the true story about a man who had to travel overseas for a year.3）And then there was a woman who buried her savings, all in bank notes, in a waterproof（防水的）bag4）And of course, these are stories about people who bury things and either forget where they have buried them or lose the map.5）And there is an application fee（申请费）which helps to pay for running the HOST program.6) As表示正如引导的定语从句：①As you may have heard from my parents, I’m in China right now on a cultural exchange program.7）which非限定性定语从句翻译We may also have problems with the tablets breaking, which would be very expensive to repair. This is in addition to the cost of buying the tablets in the first place.关系副词引导的定语从句：The way做先行词的定语从句1）What does Margaret think of the way food is served in China?2）Another interesting aspect of eating out is the way food is served.3）One thing that makes me confused is the way people pay for food at a restaurant.4）The way you stand and act tells people a lot about you. When you’re talking with someone, stand up straight and look them in the eye.定语从句省略关系代词的情况：1）Back home in America, the food portions are usually larger than those I’ve seen in China.2）Then, using tablets in the classroom could reduce the time it takes for them to complete tasks. Additionally, there are endless tablet functions（功能）which could provide interesting teaching approaches3）You could also comment on（评论）something you’ve done recently. O状语从句：1）I’m must encouraged to eat until I’m full and enjoy different kinds of food. Eating out in Asia is often a big social affair（社交活动）.2）Another problem is that, while many students can use tablets already, many of our teachers are not good at it and would need to be trained.3）we often ask for separate（分开的）checks, so we each pay for our own meal.of结构：One of the most obvious（明显的）cultural differences is the size of food portions in restaurants.What’s the culture difference in the size of food portions between China an d America?介词短语较多：1）A local primary school is considering using tablet computers（平板电脑）in all classrooms from next year.2）The use of tablet computers（or simply“tablets”）in the classroom has become an increasingly popular choice in many primary schools across the country, including many in our local area.3)Because of their familiarity with computers and mobile phones, many of our students can type faster than they can write by hand.For example, we could play computer games to teach Maths, or make simple flashes to show how magnets behave. Also, students could take photos outdoors and then use them to write tasks.it做形式主语：1)It is important that we consider this opportunity, but we must also be aware of the problems.2)All in all, even though using tablets in the classroom may have many problems, it seems that it would be a wonderful opportunity for students and teachers at our school.Instead1）But here, if diners decide to pay separately, they typically don’t request separate checks. Instead, they give money to one person who pays the bill. People also don’t tip the server. Instead, there is often a service charge added to the bill.2) Some students may play with the tablets instead of focusing on their work.插入语：Company staff in big cities, for example, frequently work sixty to seventy hours a week.Because true workaholics（工作狂）would rather work than do anything else, and they ___75___ have no idea of how to relax, that is, they might not enjoy movies, sports, or other types of entertainment.三、例题讲解1：看思路B. Choose the words or expressions to complete the passage（选择最恰当的单词或词语，完成短文）（12分）Most people have work to do. With work, they can earn their living. They are busy with their work all day long. Workaholism（迷恋工作）is now very common in our society. Some people no longer do their work in order to live, but they live in order to work.文章主旨？通过本段最后一句话，作者想表达什么？Company staff in big cities, for example, frequently work sixty to seventy hours a week. From time to time, huge amounts of work is waiting for them to complete. Workaholism can be a serious problem, Because true workaholics（工作狂）would rather work than do anything else, and they ___75___ have no idea of how to relax, that is, they might not enjoy movies, sports, or other types of entertainment. Most of all, they ___76___ to sit and do nothing.75. A. still B. probably C. politely D. excitedly76. A. dream B. decide C. intend D. hate工作狂对待生活的主要态度？When workaholics are not at work they feel ill at ease（局促不安），jumpy and nervous（神经紧张）. The lives of workaholics are usually stressful（有压力的），and this tension（紧张）and worry can cause health problems such as heart attacks and stomach diseases. ___77___, typical workaholics think about their work while driving, falling asleep or when others are talking. Many workaholics are afraid that if they don’t work hard they will lose their job or be a failure.工作狂不工作时的主要表现？Is workaholism always dangerous? Perhaps not. There are certainly people who work efficiently under stress. Some studies show that many workaholics have great energy and interest in work. They feel work is so pleasurable that they are really happy. For most workaholics, work and entertainment are the same things.77. A. Therefore B. Hardly C. Anyway D. Besides工作狂对工作的看法？Their jobs ___78___ them with a challenge and this keeps them busy and creative. Why do workaholics enjoy their jobs so much? There are several ___79___ to work. Of course, work provides people with paychecks（工资），and this is important. But very often it offers ___80___ financial security（经济保障）. It provides people with self-confidence. Workaholics have a feeling of satisfaction when they have produced a challenging piece of work and are able to say“I made it”.工作给工作狂带去了什么？78. A. equip B. pack C. provide D. offer79. A. means B. advantages C. steps D. ways80. A. no more B. more or less C. less than D. more than总结：让学生总结做题思路例题讲解2 ：看综合B. Choose the words or expressions to complete the passage (选择最恰当的单词或词语,完成短文) (12分)It was a very fine day , Jane went to the theatre on her birthday with hersister and brother-in-law, Bill. It was a historical play, set ___75___theeighteenth century, so all the actors were wearing costumes of the period.The first act was quite exciting. It was about a gipsy（吉普赛人）who hadhypnotic （催眠）powers. At first he had used these powers to help peoplewho were ill. But now he used them for the sake of (为了) money. Hehypnotized a nobleman and put him under his ___76__ as part of his plan. When the curtain fell for the intermission（席间休息）, the audience clapped loudly. Jane had ___77___ been to the theatre before, so the acting and costumes made her quite excited.During the intermission, she looked around at the rest of the audience in the balcony(戏剧院楼厅). She looked down to the stalls（正厅前排座位）and along the boxes. Suddenly, her gaze stopped. A man in one of the boxes ___78____ a gun and aiming it at the editor. “Look over there,” Jane whispered her sister. “Whatever do you think he is going to do ?”“It must be a(an) ____79____ of the play,” replied her sister, “No one has been shot in the theatre since Abraham Lincoln.”“I suppose you are right,” said Jane. “ You’ve seen the play before, Bill. Does anyone get shot during the second act?”“I can’t remember. Anywhere the director could have introduced it. Don’t worry. I’m sure it’s all right.” Halfway through the second act the gipsy had an argument and then a fight with the nobleman. In the middle of the fight, the gipsy fell down on the stage. The audience gasped（惊吓得屏住呼吸）. They ___80___ that he had fainted. Jane looked at the box where the man with the gun had been. He had gone!75. A) on B) for C) in D) out76. A) order B) arms C) control D) reach77. A) seldom B) always C) often D) regularly78. A) brought out B) was carrying C) was holding D) raised79. A) part B) character C) result D) end80. A) hoped B) thought C) observed D) realized总结：如何把完型做的更好？四、课堂限时训练（一篇6-8分钟）B. Choose the words or expressions to complete the passage（选择最恰当的单词或词语，完成短文）（12分）There was once a little boy who had a bad temper. His father gave him a bag of nailsand told him that every time he ______75_____, he must hammer a nail(敲钉子)into the back ofthe fence.The first day the boy had driven 37 nails into the fence. Over the next few weeks, as he learned to conlrol his anger, the number of nails hammered each day gradually reduced. He discovered it was______76____to hold his temper than to drive those nails into the fence.Finally the day came when the boy didn't lose his temper at all. He told his father about it and the father suggested that the boy now_____77_____out one nail when he was able to hold his temper. The days passed and the young boy was finally able to tell his father that all the nails were ____78_______The father took his son by the hand and led him to the fence. He said,“You have done well, my son. but look at the holes in the fence. The fence will____79_____ be the same. When you say things in anger, they leave a scar (伤疤）just like these holes. You can put a knifein a man and draw it out. It won't matter how many times you say Tm sorry,' the wound is still there.The little boy then understood how _____80____ his words were. He looked up at his father and said, “I hope you can forgive me, father, for the holes I put in you”.“Of course I can,” said the father.75. A. told a lie B. lost his temper C. lost his way D. made a noise76. A. pick B. worse C. harder D. safer77. A. pick B. point C. pull D. find78. A. sold B. stolen C. found D. gone79. A. never B. always C. still D. certainly80. A. simple B. accurate C. amusing D. powerfulB. Choose the best answer and complete the passage.(选择最恰当的选项完成短文)It’s a hot school day. One of your classmates is suddenly having a nosebleed（流鼻血）.What can you do at this moment? If you know some basic first aid(急救)skills, you can ask him or her to learn forward and pinch the nose.If the bleeding doesn’t stop after five or six minutes, find your__ 75____ for help.First aid is an important life skill that everyone should learn. Sept.13 is World First Aid Day. It’s time for us to learn more about this useful skill.Just as its name suggests, first aid is the first step before a person gets expert medical help. It includes staying safe, helping someone feel better and staying calm. It also includes getting help---either by telling an adult__76___ calling 120.Recently in China, about 1.2 million emergency cases have taken place each year, according to Xinhua News Agency. Experts say that the first 10 minutes after an accident are important for saving a life.CPR（心肺复苏）is one of the most useful skills to save lives during these10 minutes. It can help people who’ve suffered cardiac arrest (心脏骤停).According to the American Heart Association, about 92,000 people in the US are saved by people who___77____CPR every year.____78____this, there are some other first aid skills that are helpful for daily accidents and illness.Broken bones may happen as you play outside. You can support the injury with your hands or clothes to stop movement. Then, find an adult or call 120 for___79___help.What if someone sprains(扭伤) his or her ankle(脚踝) ? The right way to__ 80___ first aid is to put something cold on the ankle, such as an ice bag or a cold drink bottle. Then, go to find an adult for help.75. A）nurse B) doctor C) teacher D) parents76. A) and B) but C) as well as D) or77. A) make B) learn C) perform D) practice78. A) According to B) Besides C) Including D) Except79. A) nearer B) futher C) deeper D) quicker80. A) offer B) get C) study D) accept词汇总结：课后作业B. Choose the best answer and complete the passage（选择最恰当的选项完成短文）（12分）Imagine going to your doctor with a complain of frequent headaches. Your doctor takes a prescription pad（药方）and writes a word on it. The word isn't "aspirin", it's "Mozart".The idea isn’t so far-fetched. Many kinds of music can stir（激发）the imagination and ___75___ strong feeling. Scientists have found Mozart’s music to be excellent in its ability to calm its listeners．Many cases have been known using Mozart as a healing aid（治疗手段）. ___76___, a tiny newly-born baby Krissy, who weighed just 1.5 pounds at birth, was on total life support.Doctors thought she had little chance of survival（幸存）. However, Her mother kept on playing Mozart for K rissy, and thought it could save her daughter’s life. At last Krissy lived, but she was very small for ___77___ and slower than the average child. At four, she was fond of music and her parents gave her violin lessons. To their great surprise, Krissy was able to play musical pieces from memory, which was far beyond the ability of an average four-year-old child. Playing music ___78___ her improve in all areas of her life．And there are other stories. Officials in Washington State report that new arrivals from Asia learn English more ___79___ when they listen to Mozart．Even animals respond to Mozart．In France, cows listening to Mozart give more milk．Why do people choose Mozart, rather than Bach or the Beatles? Any kind of music can have an effect on some people. But Mozart has more ___80___．It isn’t too fast or too slow; it’s just right. Don Campbell, who wrote a book called The Mozart Effect, says, “It’s like food. A hot spicy meal will affect you more differently than a sweet dessert. And while you might love these foods, they aren’t good for you to eat every day. You need simple, nutritious（营养的）food on a steady basis. That’s the way Mozart is. It’s like a balanced meal that does good to your body.”75. A. prove B. predict C. prevent D. produce76. A. In fact B. At first C. For example D. After all77. A. age B. height C. weight D. body78. A. required B. helped C. invited D. ordered79. A. happily B. correctly C. quickly D. loudly80. A. balance B. energy C. power D. wonderB. Choose the words or expressions and complete the passage（选择最恰当的单词完成短文）：（12分）Technology provides more than a way of communication. However, it is becoming the only way to communicate for our teens. It has made face-to-face interaction ___75___ often and has made a negative①effect on the social abilities of the teens.These days we communicate on websites like Facebook, but I wonder why we have no in-person friendships. I see teens texting②____76____. They text while talking to someone else, at the dinner table, in the car and at the movies. This tiny piece of plastic is distracting③teens from the real world.As you can see, I am very much ___77___ technology but there are ways that helps. It helps many people stay in touch with friends that might have moved away. In my life, I will have to more from my friends from time to time. With the help of Wechat, it can be easy to ___78___ them and to ask if they would like to do something in person. Staying in touch can be done in person as much as over technology.Some people have ___79___ making new friends and the internet provides ways to meet new people through chat rooms. I believe relationships built online can be a little eccentric④.One study suggests that online relationships simply take longer to developthan those face-to face.Online relationships can be ___80___ because you never knowwho’s on the other side of the chat. You can become more open over theInternet if you don’t have a cha nce to meet others in real life. Meetingpeople online can give ou confidence, but I believe it also tears you down. Online relationships will either build you up or break you down. Most importantly, don’t let keyboards be the key to your heart.75. A. too B. very C. less D. more76. A. here B. there C. somewhere D. everywhere77. A. for B. against C. with D. behind78. A. reach B. lose C. win D. control79. A. fun B. time C. trouble D. trust80. A. convenient B. dangerous C. important D. necessaryB. Choose the words or expressions and complete the passage .( 选择最恰当的单词或词语完成短文)My daughter Alisa has had a long journey of swimming which is also beautiful. Alisa suffered some terrible illness in her early childhood. After years of regular treatment, she (75) became healthy.Two years ago. while Alisa was watching the Olympics. a dream came into her sweet little head—to be a swimmer. Last summer, she wanted to join our local swim team. She practiced hard and finally made it. The team practice. (76) . was a hard start. She coughed and could hardly survive(幸存) her first few weeks. Hearing hercoughing bitterly one night. I decided to pull her from it all. But Alisa woke me up early next morning, wearing her swimsuit ready to go! I told her she shouldn't swim after a whole night's coughing, but she refused to (77) and insisted she should go.From that day on. Alisa kept swimming and didn’t miss a single practice. She had a firm(坚定) intention within herself to be the best she could be. My ten-year-old daughter was growing and changing right before my eyes, into this: determined human being with a passion and a mission. It was difficult for Alisa to accept that she wasn't a (78) . But that didn't stop her from trying.Then came the final awards ceremony at the end of the year. Alisa didn't expect any award but was still there to cheer on her friends. As the ceremony was nearing the end. I suddenly heard the head coach (79) ."The highest honor goes to Alisa!" Looking around, lie continued. “We all encouraged by her will and enthusiasm(热情). （80）skills and talents bring great success, the most valuable treasure one can hold is the heart."It was the greatest moment of my daughter's life. With all she had been through in her ten years. this was the hour of true success.75. A. usually B. finally C. firstly D. quickly76. A. however B. therefore C. so D. or77. A. put up B. look up C. give up D. show up78. A. beginner B. learner C. partner D. winner79. A. talking B. explaining C. announcing D. asking80. A. Although B. Since C. Once D. BecauseB. Choose the words or expressions and complete the passage选择最恰当的单词或词语完成短文（12分）Shakira Mebarak Ripoll, a young Colombian superstar, grew up in Barranquilla. Colombia.a coastal city of about one million people. From a very early age, she was surrounded by (被包围) by the music of different ____75____ . Her father is from the country of Lebanon in Asia and her mother is Colombian. She remembers giving her first public show at the age of four, when the music in a Middle Eastem restaurant encouraged her to get up and dance. “I ____76____ with the sense of being on stage(舞台)”, she says. “It was all I could dream of and enjoy."Shakua devoted（投身于）herself to learning ____77____ to dance, sing and play guitar. By the time she was 18, her songs were on the radio all over South America. She gained fans of all ages, including the world-famous Colombian writer Gabriel. “Shakira’s music has a ____78____ character that doesn’t look like anyone else’s.” says Gabriel. “And no one can sing or dance like her”.Shakira’s next ____79____ was to reach an even bigger a udience. In 2002, she released (=published) a new album(唱片集) with songs in both English and Spanish. The songs mixed many musical styles: from Andean flutes and Argentine tango music. to Middle Eastern dance music and American and British rock and roll.Now that she has fans all over the world, Shakira ____80____ that her music can one dayhelp bring people together. She says, “I hope that I can bridge those differences between us. It’s an adventure, a dream.”75. A) seasons B) prices C) cultures D) events76. A) made a living B) fell in love C) kept in touch D) got tired77. A) when B) what C) how D) why78. A) personal B) common C) similar D) general79. A) course B) chance C) manner D) goal80 A) pretends B) predicts C) proves D) protects75. B 76. D 77. D 78. C 79. B 80. D75. C 76. C 77. A 78. C 79. A 80. B75-80 BACDAD75-80 C D C B B A75-80 CDBABA75. C 76. D 77. B 78. A 79. C 80. B75-80 BACDCA完形填空：CBCADB （2016年二模静安、青浦-顺着来的）。