多并联节能压缩机组控制系统设计说明

多并联节能压缩机组控制系统设计说明摘要随着人民生活水平的提高，物流和国内零售行业的快速发展，大、中型食品冷藏设施，在解决中转、生产、销售等环节的食品保鲜问题中，发挥着重要的作用；其核心的制冷压缩机组，也已经逐渐从：单个大容量的制冷机到多台中、小容量制冷机一起运作到现在的大型多机组并联的发展过程。

多并联制冷压缩机组因为它高效节能、安全稳定、价钱不高等优点，成为目前制冷工程优先选用的系统，被越来越多的设计单位逐渐认可和接受;越来越多的低温配送中心，食品加工厂，冷冻设备和大型的冷库，开始使用并联压缩机制冷系统来替换原来的单台压缩机制冷系统。

并联压缩机系统是让多台压缩机并联连接在一起，然后安装在同一个机架上，共用一些部件，例如冷凝器、吸排气管和储液桶等。

自带的高性能中央处理器在其结构中一般是一个高性能PLC 控制器或者是一台专用的并联机组控制器，在其控制下，测量并控制工作参数，优化并协调系统的运行，给制冷系统的主蒸发器或冷库中的冷风机组提供制冷剂。

本设计主要是介绍多并联节能压缩机组控制系统的背景，国内当前现状以及当前工艺流程，同时采用西门子PLC来设计控制流程，最后用触摸屏来监控动作过程。

关键词：多并联节能压缩机组；西门子PLC；触摸屏AbstractWith the improvement of people's living standards, logistics, and rapid development of the domestic retail industry, large and medium-sized food cold storage facilities, food preservation issue is resolved in transit, production, marketing and other aspects, and plays an important role; its core compression refrigeration unit, has also been a gradual shift from: a single large-capacity refrigerator to more medium and small-capacity refrigerator work together to present the development of large-scale multi-unit parallel. More refrigeration compressor in parallel because it energy efficient, safe and stable, the price is not higher merit, as the current preferred refrigeration engineering system, more and more design units gradually recognized and accepted; more and more low temperature distribution centers, food processing, refrigeration equipment and large refrigerator, start using a parallel compressor refrigeration system to replace the original single compressor refrigeration system. Parallel compressor systems allow multiple compressors connected together in parallel, and then installed on the same rack, share some components, such as condensers,intake and exhaust pipe and reservoir barrels. Built-in high-performance central processing unit in the structure is typically a high-performance PLC controller or a dedicated unit controller in parallel, under its control, measurement and control of operating parameters, optimize and coordinate the operation of the system, to the main evaporator or cold in the cold unit cooling system to provide refrigerant.Background This design is more energy-efficient compressor control system in parallel, the domestic as well as the current status of the current process, while using the Siemens PLC to design control process, and finally with a touch screen to monitor the course of action.Key words: More energy-efficient compressors in parallel; Siemens PLC; touch screen目录摘要 (I)Abstract (II)第1章绪论........................................................... - 1 -1.2课题现状.................................................... - 1 -1.3课题内容.................................................... - 2 - 第2章多并联节能压缩机组控制系统工艺介绍............................. - 3 -2.1多并联节能压缩机组控制系统的结构介绍........................ - 3 -2.2多并联节能压缩机组控制系统的工艺流程........................ - 3 -2.3本章小结.................................................... - 4 - 第3章控制要求及方案设计............................................. - 5 -3.1控制要求.................................................... - 5 -3.2方案比较.................................................... - 5 -3.2.1确定控制方案....................................... - 5 -3.2.2确定控制方向....................................... - 6 -3.3本章小结.................................................... - 6 - 第4章硬件设计....................................................... - 7 -4.1硬件控制系统................................................ - 7 -4.2I/O地址表................................................... - 7 -4.3控制系统主回路.............................................. - 8 -4.4外部接线图.................................................. - 9 -4.5硬件选型................................................... - 10 -4.5.1PLC的选型......................................... - 10 -4.5.2压缩机设备的选型.................................. - 11 -4.5.3温度传感器的选型.................................. - 12 -4.5.4电磁阀的选型...................................... - 12 -4.5.5压力传感器的选型.................................. - 13 -4.5.6蒸发冷风机的选型.................................. - 14 -4.5.7蒸发冷水泵的选型.................................. - 15 -4.5.8压力开关的选型.................................... - 16 -4.5.9按钮的选型........................................ - 16 -4.5.10指示灯的选型..................................... - 17 -4.5.11熔断器的选型..................................... - 18 -4.5.12交流接触器的选型................................. - 20 -4.5.13热继电器的选型................................... - 21 -4.6本章小结................................................... - 22 - 第5章软件设计...................................................... - 23 -5.1软件设计思想............................................... - 23 -5.2编程理论基础............................................... - 23 -5.2.1高压与数字输出的关系.............................. - 23 -5.2.2低压与数字输出的关系.............................. - 24 -5.2.3温度与数字输出的关系.............................. - 25 -5.3程序流程图................................................. - 25 -5.4本章小结................................................... - 27 - 第6章触摸屏的设计.................................................. - 28 -6.1触摸屏的选择............................................... - 28 -6.2触摸屏画面的制作........................................... - 28 -6.3触摸屏的调试............................................... - 35 -第7章程序的调试与仿真.............................................. - 38 -7.1软件的确定................................................. - 38 -7.2程序的调试................................................. - 38 -7.3软件的仿真................................................. - 39 -7.4本章小结................................................... - 42 - 第8章总结.......................................................... - 43 - 致谢................................................................. - 44 - 参考文献............................................................. - 45 - 附录................................................................. - 46 -1.主电路...................................................... - 46 -2.控制电路.................................................... - 47 -3.外部接线图.................................................. - 48 -4.PLC主程序.................................................. - 49 -5.1#压缩机程序................................................ - 54 -6.2#压缩机程序................................................ - 55 -7.3#压缩机程序................................................ - 56 -8.温度压力处理程序............................................ - 57 -9.故障报警处理程序............................................ - 61 -10.压缩机启动顺序程序......................................... - 67 -11.压缩机运行时间程序......................................... - 71 -第1章绪论1.1课题背景近几年来，随着国际制冷压缩机行业的迅速发展，全球压缩机组市场集中度逐渐提高，领先的压缩机生产企业通过行业整合不断提高竞争力，逐渐出现了以德国比泽尔和美国英格索兰等为代表的行业领先企业，占据优势市场地位。