非谓语动词学案含答案

语法复习专题七——非谓语动词

一、 非谓语动词的分类

二、 非谓语动词的语法功能及时态、语态

三、非谓语动词的使用条件

一个句子当中，已经存在一个主句（谓语动词）, 又没有连词的情况下, 还有别的动词出现时，这些动词就充当了非谓语动词。

v-ed 过去分词

Ex. 1: 找出下列句子中的非谓语动词（含短语）。

1. Tom returned from the manager’s office, telling me that the boss wanted to see me at once.

2. The news meeting, to be held in that hall, has already been crowded with reporters.

3. I heard the girl singing in the classroom.

4. The man talking with my father is Mr. Wang.

5. To live is to struggle. (生活就是斗争。)

四、非谓语动词的用法

★非谓语三种基本形式表达的意义

•Seeing from the top of the hill, we find the park is beautiful. 主动,进行

•Please keep quiet in the reading room. 性质

•Founded in 1636, Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the US. 被动,完成

•We see fallen leaves on the ground. 完成

•Dressed in red, she looks more beautiful. 状态

•We are invited to a party to be held next Friday. 将来

•We plant many trees to make our city green. 目的

表达意义：

动词-ing ：主动, 进行, 性质；

动词-ed ：被动, 完成, 状态；

to do：将来, 目的。

1、v-ing作非谓语动词

（1）作主语

Eg: Seeing is believing. Sending e-mail is increasingly popular.

Ex. 2: 请用v-ing作主语，把以下句子翻译成英文。

1）说太多会给你带来麻烦。

_____________________________________________________________________

2) 散步对老年人和年轻人来说都是一种好的运动形式。

_____________________________________________________________________ （2）作宾语

Eg: I couldn’t help crying when I heard the bad news.

★mind, suggest, delay, keep on, look forward to, enjoy, appreciate, imagine, practice, finish, succeed in, consider, can’t help, miss等动词用v-ing作宾语。

★在表示“需要” 的need, want和require等后用v-ing形式的主动形式表示被动意义, 也可用不定式的被动式。

Eg: This car needs repairing. Or: This car needs to be repaired.

Ex. 3: 请把以下句子翻译成英文。

1）你介意独处吗？________________________________________________________

2）他没有马上把消息告诉她。

_____________________________________________________________________

3）这种食物要煮过才能吃。

_____________________________________________________________________ （3）作表语

Eg: The story is so moving. The book is very interesting.

Ex. 4: 请把以下句子翻译成英文。

1）这个问题真的很令人困惑。

______________________________________________________________________ 2）他的话很让人失望。

______________________________________________________________________ （4）作定语

Eg: China is a developing country.

The kite flying in the sky was made by him.

★位置：1）单个的动词的-ing形式做定语，常放在被修饰词前做前置定语。

如：a flying object

2）动词的-ing形式的短语做定语，常放在被修饰词后做后置定语。如:

an object flying in the air

★如果-ing形式与被修饰词是被动关系，就用它的被动式，即being done, 通常表示正在被做，常做后置定语。

如：the tall building being built now 正在被建的高楼

Ex. 5: 请用v-ing作定语，把以下句子翻译成英文。

1）这片正被破坏的森林曾经是很迷人的。

_____________________________________________________________________

2) 在一中学习的学生数量大约为8000人。

_____________________________________________________________________

3) 这是一部让人感动的电影。

_____________________________________________________________________ （5）v-ing作状语

1）v-ing短语在句子中作状语，可以表示时间、原因、结果、条件、方式或伴随动作等。

★表时间

Eg: Turning around, she saw a police car driving up.

Looking out of the window, I saw some children playing football.

(When) hearing the news, he couldn’t help laughing.

★表原因

Eg: Being poor, he couldn’t go to school.

Seeing nobody at home, he left them a note.

Not knowing his telephone number, I couldn’t get in touch with him.