非谓语动词(学案答案)

非谓语动词( 2015届高三. 咏华)

非谓语动词就是在句中不作谓语的动词, 有动词不定式、动词-ing形式和动词-ed分词。

一.非谓语动词的形式变化(结合前面的“时态和语态”专题，推测非谓语动词的各种时态和语态相结合的

二．分析下列各组句子，划出非谓语部分，判断非谓语在句中充当的成分，总结非谓语动词在句中充当同一种成分时的用法及区别。

1．①Learning is important to modern life. 学习对现代生活很重要。

②To see is to believe. = Seeing is believing. 眼见为实。

③To obey the law is important. = It is important to obey the law.

④It is no use crying over spilt milk. 覆水难收。

归纳：作主语

●通常，v-ing表抽象的或习惯性的动作，不定式表具体的或一次性的将来动作。

●不定式和v-ing作主语常放在句末，主语位置用形式主语it，即

It + is/was +adj./n.（如：easy/difficult/(im)possible/likely/good/a good idea等）+ to do sth.

但It + is/was + 某些adj./n. (worth/useless/no use/no good/of little use/ of little good) + v-ing. 2．①The story is interesting.

②My job is teaching. (= Teaching is my job.)

③I am deeply devoted to education.

④The window is broken.

⑤My dream is to be admitted into an ideal university.

归纳：作表语

●v-ing 表主语（物）的性质（令人…….的）或内容；

●v-ed 表主语（人）的情感（感到…….的）或所处的状态；

●不定式表将来动作，在表“目的aim/goal/purpose、愿望wish/hope、梦想dream、

需求demand”等的名词作主语时其表语用不定式。

3.①Shall we go to the swimming pool ?

②This is an interesting story.

③The excited fans are shouting and waving to the film star.

④China is a developing country while America is a developed country.

⑤I have a lot of papers to type.

⑥She was the first woman to win the Nobel Prize.

⑦Mary is the best person to do the job.

⑧The question being discussed now is very important.

= The question which is being discussed now is very important.

⑨ We have read many novels written by this author.

=We have read many novels which were written by this author.

归纳：作定语

●v-ing 表被修饰的名词/代词（物）的性质（令人…….的），表动作的主动或进行，

表被修饰名词的用途；

v-ed表被修饰名词（人）的情感（感到…….的），表动作的被动或完成；

不定式表将来的动作，序数词或最高级等后常用不定式作定语

●v-ing短语、v-ed短语和不定式放在被修饰名词/代词的后面，作后置定语；其中，

v-ing短语、v-ed短语作后置定语时，相当于一个定语从句。

4.①Mary often goes back to her hometown to visit her grandparents.

②I’m so glad to see you here.

③Jack was too busy to have his hair cut.

④He came back home only to find his home stolen.

⑤ They went out of the classroom, talking and laughing.

⑥ Having been shown around the lab, we were taken to see the school library.

= After we had been shown around the lad, we were taken to see the school library.

⑦ A heavy storm hit the area, causing a great loss to the local people.

⑧ Confused by the problem, he decided to turn to his teacher for help.

= As he was confused by the problem, he decided to … .

⑨ Seen from the top, the stadium looks like a bird nest.

=When it is seen from the top, the stadium looks like a bird nest.

⑩ United as one, we won’t be defeated.

= Once we are united as one, we won’t be defeated.

归纳：作状语

●v-ing（短语）和句子的主语构成主动关系，v-ed（短语）和句子的主语构成被动关

系；

●v-ing（短语）和v-ed（短语）可做时间状语、原因状语、条件状语、让步状语，相

当于对应的状语从句，还可在做方式或伴随状语，v-ing做结果状语时，表自然而然

的结果；不定式可做目的状语（to do/ in order to do/ so as to do）、原因状语（放在

作表语的表情感的形容词后）、结果主语（too…to…; only to do…则表意外的结果）。5．①He promised to keep the secret for you.

②I suggest organizing a student group to help each other.

③I heard of his having been chosen to be coach of the team.

④I’d like to make a suggestion. = I feel like making a suggestion.

⑤The TV set needs to be repaired. = The TV set needs repairing.

⑥She forgot having paid the money.≠She forgot to pay the money.

⑦He feels it a duty to help the disabled.

归纳：作宾语

●介词+ v-ing （v.）;

vt. + v-ing : 可带v-ing做宾语的vt.有“学英语，很容易；坚持（insist/keep）练习（practise）不逃避(escape)；建议(suggest)完成(finish)少延期(delay/put off)；享受(enjoy)忍受(stand)不介意(mind)；避免(avoid)否定(deny)与妒忌(envy)；思考(consider)冒险(risk)想象(imagine)力；承认(admit)错过(miss)原谅(forgive)你。”另有appreciate, resist等。

动词短语+ v-ing：词类动词短语有can’t help, feel like, succeed in, be fond of, object to, insist on,