植物保护进展考试题及答案

植物保护进展考试题及答案

名词解释

1、Exclusion:the principle is defined as measure that presents the introduction of a disease-causeing agent into a region、farm、or planting。

2、Eradication：the principle aims at eliminating a pathogen after it is introduced into an area bur before it has become well established or widely spread.

3、Protection:The principle depends on establishing a barrier between the pathogen and the host plant or the susceptible part of the host plant。

3、Immunization：

4、Integrated disease management （IDM）:is a concept derived from the successful integrated pest management system developed by entomologies for insect and mfee control 。

5、Integrated weed management（IWM）：is a broad system approach that incorporates cultural，mechanical，biological，and chemical weed control strategies into a unified system。

6、Cultivar mixture ：mixtures of cultivars that vary for many characters including disease resistance，but have sufficient similarity to be grown together.

7、Integrated pest management （IPM）：is a sustainable approach to managing pest by combining biological，cultural，physical and chemicals tools in a way that minimize economic，health and environment risks 。

8、Trap cropping ：is the planting of a trap crop to protect crop to protect the main crash crop from a certain pest or several pests 。

9、habitat management：栖境管理是基于生态学的理论，对农林景观中害虫的栖境进行组装与操纵。为天敌提供食物、替代猎物、寄主或度过不利环境的庇护场所，有助于害虫天敌进行生物防治，或不利于害虫生存、以降低其种群数量而控制其危害的管理技术。

10、Plant protection：植物保护是植物生产管理系统中的组成部分，它以生态学的理论为指导，综合运用多学科的知识和各种技术措施，将有害生物持续的控制的在经济允许损失水平之下或美学容许的范围之内，从而达到植物的可持续生产。

简答

一、Comprehensive disease control program for field crops ？

1、Select varieties and hybrids resistant to be the most common or economically important diseases in specific field 。

2、Plant only the highest quality，disease-free seed 。

3、Plant when soil temperature and moisture are most favorable for specific crop seed germination and seeding growth of the crop planted .

4、Follow a good crop-rotation sequence 。

5、Destroy residues of the previous crop by stilling as far in advance of planting the new crop as possible。

6、 Plan a well balanced soil fertility program based on a soil test 。

7、Control weeds that compete with crop plants for nutrients and moisture。

8、Maintain plants vigor by controlling insect 。

二、management practices for corn disease ？

1、Select corn hybrids with resistance to northern corn leaf blight and stewart's bacterical leaf blight。

2、Plant only high-quality seed with a high

germination percentage 。

3、Cultural practice such as crop rotation and tillage are