选修8Unit1 ALand of Diversity 语法 名词性从句

考点一主语从句

1．引导主语从句的连接词：从属连词that，whether/if连接代词what，who，whom，whose，whatever，whichever，whoever等；连接副词when，where，why，how，whenever等。

①That they were in truth sisters was clear from the facial similarity between them.从她们的面貌相似度就能清楚地看出她们真是亲姐妹。

②What struck me most in the movie was the father's deep love for his son.

影片中最打动我的是父亲对他儿子深深的爱。

2．主语从句一般放在句首，但有时也可用it作形式主语，而将主语从句移到句子的末尾。常见的句型：

(1)It＋be＋形容词(necessary/likely/important/uncertain等)＋that从句

(2)It＋be＋名词(短语)(a pity/shame/no wonder/no surprise等)＋that从句

(3)It＋be＋过去分词(said/reported/decided/believed等)＋that从句

(4)It＋不及物动词(seem，appear，happen等)＋that从句

①It is uncertain what side effect the medicine will bring about，although about two thousand patients have taken it.

尽管大约两千名患者已经服用了这种药，但是它会带来什么样的副作用还不清楚。

②It's no surprise that our team has won the game.

我们队获胜一点都不令人吃惊。

③It is decided that the meeting will be put off till next Monday.

会议被推迟到下周一召开已经定下来了。

考点二宾语从句

1．引导宾语从句的连接词：从属连词that，whether，if；连接代词what，who，whose，whatever，whichever，whoever等；连接副词when，where，why，how等；从句用陈述语序。

①(2016·浙江高考)Nobody entering a university knows exactly what they want to study.

进入大学的人中，没有人确切知道他们想学什么。

②We promise whoever attends the party a chance to have a photo taken with the

movie star.

我们许诺，任何参加这个聚会的人都有跟那个电影明星合影的机会。

③(2015·北京高考·单项填空)I truly believe that beauty comes from within.

我确信美来自内在。

④(2015·重庆高考·单项填空)We must find out when Karl is coming，so we can book a room for him.

我们必须弄清楚卡尔什么时候来，以便我们可以为他预订房间。

2．it作形式宾语的宾语从句

(1)一些动词后的宾语从句有宾语补足语时，则需要用it作形式宾语，而将that引导的宾语从句后置。常见的这类动词有：find，feel，think，consider，believe，guess，suppose，make等。

He has made it clear that the meeting will not be postponed.

他清楚地表明会议不会被推迟。

(2)动词hate，like，dislike，appreciate，enjoy等表示“喜欢”、“厌恶”的动词以及一些动词短语see to，depend on，rely on等常用it作形式宾语，而将宾语从句后置。

I shall see to it that he is taken good care of when you are absent.

你不在的时候，我会确保把他照顾好。

考点三表语从句

1．引导表语从句的连接词：从属连词that，whether；连接代词what，who，whose，whatever，whichever，whoever等；连接副词when，where，why，how 等；从句用陈述语序。

①Jerry did not regret giving the comment but felt that he could have expressed it differently.

杰里不后悔给出评论，但是觉得自己本来可以用不同的方法来表达的。

②I'd like to start my own business－that's what I'd do if I had the money.

我愿意自己创业——那就是如果我有钱将会做的事情。

2．as if/as though引导的表语从句

as if/as though引导的表语从句常跟在be动词，seem，look，taste，sound，feel，appear等动词之后。

The thick smog covered the whole city.It was as if a great black blanket had been thrown over it.

浓雾覆盖着整座城市。好像把一个巨大的黑色的毯子扔到它的上面。

3．because ，why 引导的表语从句

because ，why 也可引导表语从句，但because 引导的表语从句，主语不能是reason 或cause(该结构常用that 引导)。常用于以下句型：

⎩⎨⎧This/That is/was why...这/那是……的原因

This/That is/was because...这/那是因为……The reason why...is/was that...……的原因是……

①From space ，the earth looks blue.This is because about seventy-one percent of its surface is covered by water.

从太空中看，地球是蓝色的。这是因为地球表面大约71%被水覆盖。

②The reason why he didn't pass the exam was that he was too careless.

他没有通过考试的原因是他太粗心了。

考点四 同位语从句

同位语从句在句中作某一名词的同位语，位于该名词之后，用以说明该名词的具体内容。

1．常见的后跟同位语从句的名词有：

advice 建议

conclusion 结论 demand 要求 doubt 怀疑

fact 事实hope 希望 idea 主意

information 信息 message 消息 news 消息

order 命令 possibility 可能性 promise 诺言

question 问题 request 请求 suggestion 建议 thought 想法 plan 计划

①I made a promise to myself that this year ，my first year in high school ，would be different.

我对自己承诺：今年，我高中的第一年，会有所不同。

②(2016·天津高考)The manager put forward a suggestion that we should have an assistant.There is too much work to do.

经理提出了我们应当有一位助手的建议。要做的事情太多了。