外研版英语必修三第二单元

Module 2 developing and developed countries（基础篇）
1.surprise vt 使什么惊讶；n 抽象概念的吃惊惊讶意外；指具体的令人吃惊的人/事
eg：a look\ an expression of surprise
She stood up in surprise
Your coming is a pleasant surprise
2. with +宾语+宾补without+宾语+宾补（介词短语作后置定语，状语；动名词不定式作主，宾表。

）
3.encourage sb to do sth 鼓励某人做某事
4.give examples of sth 举出某物的例子，举例说明某物
Eg：Please give an example of this language point.
5.move out of 从哪里搬出来。

脱离摆脱
6.increase by 增加了increase to 增加到
7.collect/raise money for 为什么集资Give money to 给什么提供资金援助
8.explain sth to sb （表物的宾语简短）explain to sb/ sth （表物的宾语过长）给某人解释某物
rmation on 关于什么的信息10.for oneself 为自己
11.be willing to do sth 乐意做某事12.a lot more +n ；much more +adj.
13.be connected with 与什么有联系（抽象事物）；与什么相连（实物）
14.as···as 同级比较；as many/much +n as
Eg：I have as many books as he （dose）. My books are as many as his.
15.less +adj/adv原级较少的，不那么的
16.how do you find sb/sth；how do you like sb/sth；what do you think about sb/sth；what is your opinion about sb/sth（用来询问对某物的看法，评价）
17.as sb see（them/it）；in one＇s opinion 照某人看来
18.I did not get that；I have got it；I have understand it 得到，明白，听见
19.Let’s find some of the action 激动人心的事情
20.find sth out 查明，弄清楚；find out about 查询，查明有关什么的结果
21.this/that/it is because（表语从句）前文交待结果，后文交待原因
This/that/it is why 前文交待原因，后文交待结果
22. be/get close to靠近；近；接近；即将发生
二．重点句型
1．____________________ the Human Development Report.人类发展报告就出自于这一协议。

答案：From this agreement came
2．... ____________ all children have education up to the age of 11..
…保证所有的孩子接受教育直至11岁……答案：make sure that
3．Beijing doesn't have ________________ Sydney does.北京没有悉尼那么多的高速公路。

答案：as many freeways as
4．It's an agreement between towns or cities ________________...
它是有着相似的面积和年代的城镇之间的一份协定……
答案：of similar size and age
练习：
一．单项填空。

1.______by the beauty of the nature，the girl from London decided to spend another two days on the farm.
A. Attracting
B. Attracted
C. To be attracted
D. Having attracted
答案：B本题考查非谓语动词的用法。

从后面的by 短语分析，此处用过去分词表示被动。

2. Attention must be paid to______science and technology.
A. develop
B. developing
C. development
D. developed
答案：B应注意发展科学技术。

pay attention to 中的to是介词，后面要接名词或动名词。

选项C是名词，但名词后面不能接名词作宾语。

3. He slipped and had his leg broken.______，he will have to be away from school for two or three months.
A. In any case
B. After all
C.As a result
D. In this way
答案：C本题考查介词短语的用法。

从句子的意思分析，这里应该使用as a result，表示摔断腿的结果。

4. He doesn’t work but he gets a good ______ from his investments.
A. wage
B. earnings
C. income
D. salary
答案：C本题考查名词的辨析。

名词wage，earning 和salary一般都用来指工作得来的薪水，而investment“投资”不属于工作的范畴。

名词income指所有的收入。

5.As a famous Chinese saying______，he who doesn’t reach the Great Wall isn’t a true man.
A. means
B. goes
C. speaks
D. works
答案：B此处使用go 表示be current or accepted；be commonly thought of or believed “流通，流传”的意思。

6. ______is the population of the world now?
A. which
B. What
C. How many
D. How much
答案：B询问人口是多少时，常用疑问词what，因population是集合名词。

7.—It’s getting colder and colder，I have to buy some clothes.
—They have ______ the prices in the shop，so it’s a good time to buy.
A.increased
B. reduced
C. raised
D. down
答案：B句意为：商店已经降低了商品的价格，看来现在是买东西的好时候。

8. Our bodies are strengthened by exercises.______，our minds are developed by learning.
A. Probably
B. Likely
C. Similarly
D. Generally
答案：C句中是将our minds 与our bodies 相类比。

similarly 意为：相似的，类似的。

9. The ______ plains of this country spread for hundreds of miles.
A. large
B. vast
C. big
D. great
答案：B vast指空间、面积的广阔（尤指海洋、平原和沙漠等），也可指（钱）数额的巨大，不指重量和尺寸的大小。

反义词是limited。

10. The nature of my work requires me to make daily ______ to the city.
A. trip
B. journey
C. tour
D. travel
答案：A句意为：我工作的性质要求我每天都必须进城。

tour “参观，观光，周游，巡回旅行”，常指访问一系列地方后又回到原出发地。

11. I don’t know whether the cars ______ to the far-reaching countries have arrived safely.
A. transporting
B. are transported
C. transported
D. being transported
答案：D分析句法结构可知：在whether引导的宾语从句中，“the cars”是主语，“have arrived”是谓语，因此选项部分应是定语成分，故B项可排除；cars是transport 动作的承受者，故A 项错误，由题意可知“车正在运送中”，因此用进行时的被动语态。

12. Have you got ______ idea to ______ the tower?
A. the；measure
B. a；measure
C.an；to measure
D./；measure
答案：A idea 前加定冠词表示特指“测量塔”的方法，后面是不定式作定语。

13. The Post Office aims to ______ its quality of service.
A. improve
B. rise
C. increase
D. bring
答案：A空白处应为“make...become better”之意。

rise vi.指高度升高；increase vi.增加（指数量）。

ter，______，he decided to leave for that far away place.
A. but
B. however
C. yet
D. though
答案：B however可放在句首或插在句中，放在句中时，前后都要用逗号与其他成分分开；but 意为“但是，然而”，是并列连词，表示前后两个分句的转折关系。

15. Both the concerts will be broadcast ______ in a minute.
A. live
B. alive
C. living
D. lively
答案：A live 意为“实况的，非录音的”。

alive 意为“尚在人世的，活着的”，通常作表语或后置定语。

living 意为“活着的”，作前置定语或表语，常用来修饰“人”。

lively 意为“有精神的，活泼的，有生气的”。

live 也可意为“活着的”，常置于名词前。

二．单词拼写
1. The development (发展)of agriculture and industry needs careful planning.
2. In the old society, people suffered from poverty (贫穷) and illness.
3. Let’s have an exchange (交换)of views on the matter.
4. There are a lot of similarities (相似)in climate between China and the US.
5. He can’t support his family on his income (收入).
6. We should take some measures (措施)to solve these difficulties.
7. The robbery occurred in a crowded (拥挤的)street.
8. For short distances, the bike is surely the best means of transport (交通工具).
9. The polluted (受到污染的)water did great harm to people’s health.
10. The cost in educating (教育)children in China is becoming higher and higher nowadays.
三．汉译英
1.他毕生过着贫穷的生活。

（in poverty）答案：He has lived in poverty all his life.
2. 她的体重减轻了5公斤。

（be reduced by）答案：She reduced her weight by 5 kilograms.
3.他们平安地过日子。

（in safety）答案：They are living in safety.
4.她的黑眼睛很迷人。

（attractive）答案：Her dark eyes are very attractive.
5.危险！别碰它。

（dangerous）答案：Don’t touch it. It is dangerous.
1
2．All these goods will be ________ to Shanghai and then to Africa. 答案：transported 3．Although the brother and sister are quite different，they ________ each other in several ways. 答案：are similar to
4．Students can develop their intelligence through study as well as________. 答案：entertainment 5．Since the government took some measures，the ________ river has been becoming cleaner and cleaner. 答案：polluted
6．It is said that the young man ________ the case(案件)that occurred two years ago.
答案：is connected with
7．With the ________ of the space technology，it is possible for common people to go to space.
答案：development
8．Living in the city doesn't mean having a good ________.Some children in the countryside are well－educated. 答案：education
9．Many ________ sent money to help the refugees(难民)in the earthquake areas. 答案：charities 10．A student's ability can't be ________ only by his examination marks.答案：measured 五．完形填空。

Yesterday, my old car broke down on California’s Santa Ana Freeway. It was an hour 1 sunset, and I was 25 miles away from home. I couldn’t get anyone to pick me up, so I decided to
take a bus. Not 2 the way, I thought I’d just head east.
A bus stopped, and I asked the driv er how far she was going. “Four 3 lights,” she said. There was another bus I could take from there. This clearly was going to be a long 4 .
She dropped me off at the end of her way and told me which bus to 5 . After waiting 30 minutes, I began to think about a very expensive taxi ride home. Then a 6 stopped. There was no lighted number above its windshield (挡风玻璃). It was out of service. 7 the door opened, and I was surprised to find that it was the same driver.
“I just can’t 8 you here,” she said. “This isn’t the nicest place. I’ll give you a ride home.”“You’ll drive me home in the bus?” I asked, puzzled.
“No, I’ll9 you in my car, ” she said.
“It’s a long way,” I warned.
“10 ” she said.“ I have nothing else to do.”
As we drove from the station in her car, she began telling me a story. A few days 11 , her brother had run out of 12 . A good Samaritan (行善者) picked him up, took him to a service station and then back to his car. “I’m just passing the 13 on,” she said.
When I offered her money as a thank-you, she 14 hear of it. “That wouldn’t make it a favor,” she said. “Just do somethi ng nice for 15 . Pass it on.”
1. A. after B. before C. at D. when
2. A. knowing B. finding C. remembering D. recognizing
3. A. other B. further C. more D. distant
4. A. waiting B. time C. sitting D. night
5. A. wait for B. wait on C. turn to D. stick to
6. A. taxi B. bus C. car D. motor
7. A. But B. And C. So D. Although
8. A. help B. leave C. keep D. allow
9. A. put B. get C. take D. carry
10. A. Come on B. Take it easy C. All right D. So it is
11. A. before B. after C. earlier D. later
12. A. breath B. gas C. money D. sight
13. A. help B. favor C. respect D. chain
14. A. didn’t B. couldn’t C. wouldn’t D. shouldn’t
15. A. you B. me C. him D. somebody
答案：1-5 BACDA 6-10 BABCA 11-15 CBBCD
六．阅读理解
Brazil has become one of the develop ing world’s great successes in reducing population growth—but more by accident than design. While countries such as India have made joint efforts to reduce birth rates，Brazil has had better result without really trying，says George Martine at Harvard.
Brazi l’s population growth rate has dropped from 2.99% a year between 1951 and 1960 to 1.93% a year between 1981 and 1990，and Brazilian women now have only 2.7 children on average. Martine says this figure may have fallen still further since 1990，an achievement that makes it the envy of many other third world countries.
Martine puts it down to，among other things，soap operas（通俗电视剧）and installment（分期付款）plans introduced in the 1970s.Both played an important，although indirect，role in lowering the birth rate. Brazil is one of the world’s biggest producers of soap operas. Colobo，Brazil’s most popular television network，shows three hours of soaps six nights a week，while three others show at least one hour a night. Most soaps are based on wealthy characters living the high life in big
cities.
“Although they have never really tried to work in a message towards the problems of reproduction（生育），they describe middle and upper class values—not many children，different attitudes towards sex，women working，”says Martine.“They sent this message to all parts of Brazil and made people realize other patterns of family life and other values，which were put into a very attractive package.”
Meanwhile，the installment plans tried to encourage the poor to become consumers.“This led to change in consumption（消费）patterns and consumption did not get along well with unlimited reproduction，”says Martine.
1.The phrase “puts it down to”（Line 1，Para 3）is closest in meaning to______.
A. considers the cause of it to be
B. finds it a reason for
C. looks it on as
D. compares it to
答案：A推理题。

put sth. down to；归结……的原因是……。

由二、三自然段的关系可以推出A。

2. Soap operas have helped in lowering Brazil’s birth rate because______.
A. they keep people sitting long hours watching TV
B. they have gradually changed people’s way of life
C. people are drawn to their attractive package
D. they make birth control measures popular
答案：B根据全文倒数第二自然段推出。

肥皂剧中的中上层阶级的家庭观念——少生孩子，妇女参加工作等等，使巴西人慢慢地改变自己的家庭观念和生活模式。

3. What is Martine’s conclusion about Brazil’s population grow th?
A. The increase in birth rate will increase consumption.
B. The desire for consumption helps to reduce birth rate.
C. Consumption patterns and reproduction patterns are contradictory.
D. A country’s production is limited by its population growth.
答案：B深层理解题。

根据最后一自然段可推出B。

分期付款鼓励穷人成为消费者，改变了他们的消费观念，而高消费与无节制的生育相矛盾，故巴西人少生孩子，由此推出B。

如选C，则应在reproduction前加unlimited才行。

4. Which is the best title of the passage?
A. Brazil：the developing world’s success
B. Soap operas and installment plans
C. Brazil：reducing birth rate by accident
D. Learn from Brazil，the third world countries
答案：C主旨大意题。

C项标题中有概括全文的中心词：reducing...by accident，即巴西很偶然地降低了人口增长。