鄂式破碎机设计

摘要

破碎机是选煤工业中不可缺少的设备，也是原料、材料、燃料、电力和钢铁等部门所必须的设备。随着工业的发展对破碎机的要求也越来越高。

在工业应用中常用的破碎机类型有：颚式破碎机、圆锥破碎机、辊式破碎机、冲击式破碎机，磨碎机等。鄂式破碎机有很多的优点，例如:具有结构简单、工作可靠、制造容易、维修方便等其他破碎机无法替代的优点，至今仍广泛应用于工业各部门，而且我国生产的破碎机还远销其它国家。本文所设计的鄂式破碎机是在原鄂式破碎机的基础上，保留了原鄂式破碎机的优点，并对其优化方面进行阐述。

通过实习、查阅大量的资料和反复的推敲。通过建立一个较为完善的数学模型，并利用计算机优化出鄂式破碎机的主要参数，使其结构更合理，能量利用率更高，性价比更好。同时对新型鄂式破碎机进一步阐述，提高了破碎机的过载保护性能，降低了物料的过粉碎，从而提高了破碎机的使用寿命及生产率。

本次设计对鄂式破碎机的箱体销轴等部分做了详细设计，使破碎机装卸方便、维护简单、维修容易，以便能利用破碎机更好的工作，发挥鄂式破碎机的特点。

关键词：破碎机；鄂式破碎机；阐述；优化；设计

ABSTRACT

The crusher i s a very important and indispensable equipment in mineral separation industry.So it is in department of raw material,materials,fuels,electrici- ty,iron and steel.With the department of the industry, the require of the crasher is more and more higher.

There are several kinds of crashers being used in industry .such as jaw crusher revolvement crusher,roller crusher ,punch crusher,prind crusher .Jaw crusher has many advantages,which other crushers can not instead of .Such as simple structure, safety work ,make easy,maintain easy and so on.The Jaw crusher is widly used in industries.And those are made by our country are used by other countries,this design of the Jaw crusher is besed on the adventages of the older Jaw crusher ,and studied in improved aspects.

After practice,reading amount of material and the rific analysis ,we set up a more perfective model of parameter .And use of the computer improve the main parameter of the crusher ,make the stracture of the crusher become better ,and the utilities of energy is much higher .And the matter of cost is much better.At the same time ,we have studied new Jaw crasher,and it raises the crusher’s protective, reduces the over cru s hed mesh of the material,.and it raises it’s productive and the life of the crusher.

There are some improvements in frame.it makes crusher easy to be assembled and disassemble ,uphold ,maintain easy, so that ulitize the crusher work much better ,and play the important role in the Jaw crusher.

Keywords：crusher; Jaw crusher; study; improve ; design

目录

1 概述

1.1破碎 (1)

1.2破碎的目的 (1)

1.3破碎的方法 (2)

1.4破碎机的选型 (3)

1.5鄂式破碎机的应用与发展 (7)

1.5.1鄂式破碎机的原理和类型 (7)

1.5.2复杂摆动鄂式破碎机............ .. (10)

1.5.3两种鄂式破碎机的结构比较 (12)

1.5.4主要零部件的结构分析 (13)

2 鄂式破碎机的参数设计

2.1结构参数的确定 (19)

2.2工作参数的确定 (22)

2.3电动机的选择 (26)

2.4飞轮尺寸的确定 (26)

3 传动部分的设计

3.1皮带传动设计 (28)

3.2轴的结构设计 (30)

3.3轴承和键的校核 (33)

3.4轴承的校核 (38)

3.4.1计算当量载荷 (38)

3.4.2轴承的寿命 (39)

4 鄂式破碎机动力学参数设计

4.1鄂式破碎机的运动分析 (39)

4.2鄂式破碎机的最优动力平衡 (41)

4.2.1鄂式破碎机的支座附加动压力平衡 (41)

4.2.2振动力最优平衡 (41)

4.2.3各种平衡方法对比方法实例 (43)

4.3鄂式破碎机拉杆弹簧的计算载荷确定 (45)

4.3.1弹簧拉力计算式 (46)

4.3.2确定肘板约束反力的条件 (47)

4.3.3弹簧计算载荷的最优计算 (48)