雷达天线控制系统的设计.doc

雷达天线控制系统设计

摘要

本课题研究的雷达天线控制系统要求具有定位和等速跟踪功能，定位控制要求精度高、响应快，等速跟踪控制要求转速平稳。早期的雷达天控系统大多采用模拟电路实现，如需调整控制参数时，就要更换控制器中一些元件，同时受环境温度、外界干扰及元件老化等因素的影响，调节器参数都会发生变化，从而影响控制性能。

一般的雷达天线的性能主要取决于其伺服系统的设计水平。伺服系统的设计包括结构设计和控制设计两部分，这两部分是相互影响紧密耦合的。一般所采用的设计方法是对结构系统和控制系统先分别设计，然后再根据要求进行调校，这往往会导致产品研制的周期长、成本高、性能差、结构笨重，不能保证伺服系统总体的综合性能最优。针对雷达天线伺服系统设计中存在的结构设计与控制设计相分离的问题，提出一种结构与控制集成优化设计的模型，即采用手轮控制和电路自动化控制相结合的方式完成。

本文以雷达天线控制系统的研制为背景，设计了系统总体方案。雷达为机动型远程警戒雷达，天线在圆周360°方位中进行运转工作，在伺服系统中对天线的控制实现远程遥控和人工控制。工作中为了有效的消除云雨气象杂波的干扰，利用空间电磁场和目标的特性，在伺服系统中对云雨气象杂波的干扰实现线极化和原极化的转换控制。对于天线360°圆周运转状态，需要通过处理变换并把360°圆周运转的模拟方位信号转换为数字方位信号，同时为雷达各个分系统提供出方位数据；通过方位处理可实现雷达寻北，对方位数据进行自动教北。天线在架设时应进行升降俯仰控制，通过控制可安全操作升降俯仰。

关键词：雷达，天线，控制，精度，伺服

Radar antenna control system design

Summary

Research of radar antenna control system requires a positioning and velocity tracking, positioning control requires high precision and fast response, speed speed tracking control requirements, such as stable. Most of the early days of radar controlled systems used analog circuits, need to adjust control parameters, it is necessary to replace the controller components in and influenced by environmental factors such as temperature, outside interference and component aging effects, changes regulator parameters, thus affecting performance.

General performance of radar antenna mainly depends on the level of its servo system design. Design of servo system design including design and control of two parts, interaction between these two parts are tightly coupled. General system design method is used to structure and control system design, respectively, and then adjusted according to the requirements, which often leads to long product development cycles, high cost, poor performance, structure of heavy, cannot ensure the overall performance of optimal servo system. For the radar antenna servo system design of structure and control design of phase separation problem, proposed a model of integrated optimization design of structure and control, using hand wheel completed the combination of control and automatic control circuit.

With development of the radar antenna control system in the background of this article, designing the general scheme of the system. Radar-Mobile early warning radar, antennas work running in a circle of 360 ° azimuth, remote control for antenna servo system of control and manual control. In order to be effective in eliminating Cloud and rain weather clutter interference using spatial characteristics of electro-magnetic fields and the target, Cloud and rain in a servo system of weather clutter jamming transition control for linear polarization and the polarization. Aerial 360 °circle running condition, use the transform and simulation of running in a circle of 360 °azimuth direction of signal into a digital signal, while for the radar system with location data through North azimuth radar homing, on North azimuth data