中山大学历年考研真题试卷357英语翻译基础(2019-2015年,2011年)
南开大学外国语学院《357英语翻译基础》[专业硕士]历年考研真题及详解专业课考试试题
![南开大学外国语学院《357英语翻译基础》[专业硕士]历年考研真题及详解专业课考试试题](https://img.taocdn.com/s3/m/1ef2b55952ea551811a68741.png)
目 录
2016年南开大学357英语翻译基础考研真题（回忆版）（含部分答案）
2015年南开大学357英语翻译基础考研真题（回忆版）（含答案）
2014年南开大学357英语翻译基础考研真题（回忆版）（含答案）
2013年南开大学357英语翻译基础考研真题（回忆版）（含答案）
2012年南开大学357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解
2011年南开大学357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解
2010年南开大学357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解
2016年南开大学357英语翻译基础考研真题（回忆版）（含部分答案）一、英汉互译
1．ISO
【答案】国际标准化组织
2．document against acceptance
【答案】承兑交单
3．nuclear disarmament
【答案】核裁军
4．overhead pedestrian walk
【答案】天桥
5．US federal reserve system
【答案】美国联邦储备系统
6．alma mater
【答案】母校
7．leap year
【答案】闰年
8．plead innocent
【答案】无罪答辩
9．B/L
【答案】海上运输提单。
中山大学翻译硕士MTI真题及答(三)
中山大学翻译硕士MTI真题及答（三）中山大学翻译硕士MTI真题及答案I. Phrase Translation1. 中小企业: small and medium enterprises2. 洗钱：money laundering3. 人民币升值：appreciation of the RMB4. 次贷危机: Subprime mortgage crisis5. 水土流失: water and soil loss6. 贸易顺差: trade surplus7. 企业社会责任: Corporate Social Responsibility8. 主权信用评级: sovereign credit rating9. 贩卖人口: human trafficking10. 美国驻华大使: American Ambassador to China11. 温室效应: Green House Effect12. 投资回报率: Return On Investment13. 供应链: Supply Chain14. 劳动密集型产业: labor-intensive industry15. 防止核扩散条约: Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons; nuclear non-proliferation treaty16. capital chain: 资金链17. humanitarian intervention: 人道主义干涉18. credit facilities：信贷措施;信贷服务19. exclusive interview: 独家采访20. clean governance：廉洁从政;廉政21. poll：投票;民意测验;民意调查22. double-dip recession：双底衰退;二次衰退;双谷经济衰退22. the State Council：(中国)国务院23. debt limit：债务限额;债务上限;债务额度24. a Palestinian proposal to apply for statehood：巴基斯坦申请建国的提议;巴勒斯坦建国提案25. social security：社会保障;社会保险27. an earthquake of 9.0 magnitude on the Richter Scale：里氏9.0级地震28. a cease-fire agreement：停火协定;停战协定29. oil leak：漏油30. organizing committee：组织委员会II. Passage translationSection A English to ChineseAll parents damage their children. It cannot be helped. Youth, like a clean glass, absorbs the prints of its handlers. Some parents smudge, others crack, a few shatter childhoods completely into jagged little pieces, beyond repair. Parents rarely let go of their children, so children let go of them. They move on. They move away. The moments that used to define them—a mother’sapproval, a father’s nod—are covered by moments of their own accomplishments. It is not until much later, as the skin sags and the heart weakens, that children understand: their stories, and all their accomplishments, sit atop the stories of their mothers and fathers, stones upon stones, beneath the waters of their lives.Through it all, despite it all, Eddie privately adored his old man, because sons will adore their fathers through even the worst behavior. It is how they learn devotion. Before he can devote himself to God or a woman, a boy will devote himself to his father, even foolishly, even beyond explanation.参考译文:所有的父母都会伤害孩子。
2018年中山大学国际翻译学院357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解【圣才出品】
2018年中山大学国际翻译学院357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解PART ⅠVOCABULARY TRANSLATION [60 MIN] (1×30＝30 POINTS) SECTION A CHINESE TO ENGLISH [30 MIN]1.文化立法【答案】cultural legislation2.非遗传承【答案】inheritance of intangible culture heritages3.民粹主义【答案】Populism4.避税天堂【答案】Tax Haven5.巴黎气候协定【答案】Paris Climate Agreement6.去产能【答案】reduce capacity7.共享单车【答案】bicycle sharing8.房产泡沫【答案】real estate bubble9.补偿贸易【答案】compensation trade10.移动支付【答案】mobile payment11.人工智能【答案】artificial intelligence（AI）12.去杠杆【答案】deleverage13.经济弱复苏【答案】weak economic recovery14.社会主义核心价值观【答案】socialist core values15.十九大【答案】the 19th National CongressSECTION B ENGLISH TO CHINESE [30 MIN] 1. Pivot to Asia【答案】重返亚太2. Mass shooting【答案】大规模枪击案3. Bit coin【答案】比特币4. Electoral college【答案】（美国）总统选举团5. Rust belt State【答案】铁锈地带国家6. Refugee Crisis【答案】难民危机7. Goldman Sachs【答案】高盛集团8. Infant industry【答案】幼稚产业9. Cremea【答案】克里米亚10. Communitarianism【答案】社群主义11. Malware【答案】恶意软件12. Deregulation of interest rate 【答案】利率市场化13. Emmanuel Macron【答案】埃马纽埃尔·马克龙14. Catalonia referendum【答案】加泰罗尼亚公投15. International Chamber of Commerce【答案】国际商会PART ⅡTRANSLATION [120 MIN] (2×60＝120 POINTS)SECTION A CHINESE TO ENGLISH TRANSLATION [60 MIN]我第一次读到莫言，是他的《红高粱》，大约是在20世纪80年代末。
中山大学考研历年真题下载
中山大学考研历年真题下载关注微信公众号，官方微博，豆瓣小组，人人小站【名称都为：鸿儒中大考研网】。
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中山大学翻硕考研难度分析
中山大学翻硕考研难度分析本文系统介绍中大翻译硕士考研难度，中大翻译硕士就业，中大翻译硕士考研辅导，中大翻译硕士专业课五大方面的问题。
一、中大翻译硕士难度大不大，跨专业的人考上的多不多?近些年翻译硕士很火，尤其是像中大这样的著名学校。
总体来说，中大翻译硕士招生量大，考试难度不高，每年都有大量二本三本学生考取的。
根据凯程从中大研究生院内部的统计数据得知，中大翻译硕士的考生中92%是跨专业考生，在录取的学生中，基本都是跨专业考的。
在考研复试的时候，老师更看重跨专业学生的能力，而不是本科背景。
其次，翻译硕士考试科目里，百科，翻译及基础本身知识点难度并不大，跨专业的学生完全能够学得懂。
即使本科学翻译的同学，专业课也不见得比你强多少（大学学的内容本身就非常浅）。
所以记住重要的不是你之前学得如何，而是从决定考研起就要抓紧时间完成自己的计划，下定决心，就全身心投入，要相信付出总会有回报。
二、中大翻译硕士就业怎么样？对于翻译硕士专业，大家最关心一点就是今后就业的方向问题，翻译硕士的就业方向不仅广泛而且专业性质都很明确，可选择的余地很多,现在国内紧缺的专业翻译人才五大方向为会议口译（广泛应用于外交外事、会晤谈判、商务活动、新闻传媒、培训授课、电视广播、国际仲裁等领域），法庭口译（目前国内这一领域的高级口译人才几乎是空白），商务口译，联络陪同口译（企业、政府机构都有大量的外事接待事务，联络陪同口译的任务就是在接待、旅游等事务中担任口译工作），文书翻译（企业、出版社、翻译公司等机构都需要具备专业素养的文本翻译人才，这一领域的人才缺口更大）。
除了上述几类行业之外，如果翻译硕士毕业生能够积累丰富的口笔译经验，有自己的客户群体，那么，做自由职业翻译也是一种选择。
当前，国内专业翻译人员较少，而且小语种众多，一般来讲每人可精通仅一两种。
加之各个行业专业术语繁多，造成能够胜任中译外的高质量工作人才明显不足。
所以翻译硕士可以说是当前较为稳定的热门专业之一。
中山大学翻译硕士MTI真题及答案(二)
中山大学翻译硕士MTI真题及答案（二）中山大学翻译硕士MTI真题及答案I. Phrase Translation1. 多边合作：multilateral cooperation2. 可持续发展：sustainable development3. 试行阶段：pilot phase4. 应急计划: contingency plan5. 污水处理: sewage treatment6. 全球变暖: global warming7. 新闻发布会: press conference; news briefing8. 市场占有率: share of market; market share9. 研发中心: R&D center ( research and development center )10. 跨国犯罪: transnational crime11. 企业文化: enterprise culture ; corporate culture12. 八国峰会: G8 summit ; Group 8 Summit13. 数字鸿沟: digital divide14. 毒品贩运: drug trafficking15. 国有企业: state-owned enterprise16. brand loyalty: 品牌忠诚度17. corporate governance: 公司治理;企业管治18. corporate social responsibility: 企业社会责任19. proliferation of weapons of mass destruction: 大规模杀伤性武器扩散20. global sourcing: 全球采购21. HSBC: 汇丰银行(Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation)22. carbon trading: 碳交易;碳贸易23. deforestation: 滥伐森林; 森林砍伐; 滥砍滥伐24. due diligence: 尽职调查25. code of conduct: 行为准则;行为规范26, market positioning: 市场定位27. cradle of human civilization: 人类文明发源地28. anti-dumping measures: 反倾销措施29. time to market: 上市时间; 上市时机(一个新产品从构思到实际推入市场所用的时间)30. alternative energy: 替代能源;可替代能源II. Passage translationSection A Chinese to English广交会品牌展区是鼓励和引导企业转变外贸发展方式的重要示范平台。
中山大学2015年翻译硕士MTI真题-英语翻译基础及答案
I. Phrase Translation1.寻租行为: rent-seeking (behavior)2.全国人民代表: the National People's Congress3.标普500指数：S&P 500，Standard & Poor's 500 index4.知青：Educated youth5.蓝筹股：blue chip （stock）6. “苍蝇” “老虎” 一起打：cracking down on both tigers and flies；To tackle corruption, the Party must crack down on the “flies” at the bottom and the “tigers” higher up.7.需求曲线: demand curve8.紧缩政策: deflation policy9.哥本哈根计划：Copenhagen Accord （《哥本哈根协议》主要是就各国二氧化碳的排放量问题，签署协议，根据各国的GDP大小减少二氧化碳的排放量。
）10.海上丝绸之路：Maritime Silk Road11.金砖五国：BRICS，（Brazil、Russia、India and China）12.附加费: surcharge13.出口配额: export quotas14.东南亚国家联盟: the Association of Southeast Asian Nation15.增值税: value-added tax1.IPO: 首次公开募股（Initial Public Offerings）2. Muslim Brotherhood: 穆斯林兄弟会3. OTC Drug: 非处方药（Over-The-Counter Drug）4. Universal Suffrage: 普选，普选权5. Hedge Fund: 对冲基金6. Bilateralism: 双边主义7. Air Force One: 空军一号（美国总统的专用座机）8. CPI: 居民消费价格指数Consumer Price Index9. Kyoto Protocol: 京都议定书10. Air Defense Identification Zone: 防空识别区11. Occupy Central: 占领中环12. Liaison Office: 联络处；联络办公室13. Implicit Cost: 隐性成本14. Heal a Breach: 消除分歧15. Oil-for-Food: 石油换食品PART II TRANSLATION [120 MIN] (2x60=120 POINTS)SECTION A CHINESE TO ENGLISH [60 MIN]Translate the following text into English. Write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET.主席先生：2000年以来，联合国确立的千年发展目标，为实现人类生存和发展作出了重要贡献，然而全球发展道路依然漫长。
历年中山大学考研211翻译硕士英语考研真题和答案
历年中山大学考研211翻译硕士英语考研真题和答案一、考试解读：part 1 学院专业考试概况：①学院专业分析：含学院基本概况、考研专业课科目:211翻译硕士英语的考试情况；②科目对应专业历年录取统计表：含中山大学相关专业的历年录取人数与分数线情况；③历年考研真题特点：含中山大学考研专业课各部分的命题规律及出题风格。
part 2 历年题型分析及对应解题技巧：根据中山大学211翻译硕士英语考试科目的考试题型（单选题、阅读理解题、英语作文题、词条英汉互译题、篇章翻译题、应用文写作题、命题写作题等），分析对应各类型题目的具体解题技巧，帮助考生提高针对性，提升答题效率，充分把握关键得分点。
part 3 2018真题分析：最新真题是中山大学考研中最为珍贵的参考资料，针对最新一年的中山大学考研真题试卷展开深入剖析，帮助考生有的放矢，把握真题所考察的最新动向与考试侧重点，以便做好更具针对性的复习准备工作。
part 4 2019考试展望：根据上述相关知识点及真题试卷的针对性分析，提高2019考生的备考与应试前瞻性，令考生心中有数，直抵中山大学考研的核心要旨。
part 5 中山大学考试大纲：①复习教材罗列（官方指定或重点推荐+拓展书目）：不放过任何一个课内、课外知识点。
②官方指定或重点教材的大纲解读：官方没有考试大纲，高分学长学姐为你详细梳理。
③拓展书目说明及复习策略：专业课高分，需要的不仅是参透指定教材的基本功，还应加强课外延展与提升。
part 6 专业课高分备考策略：①考研前期的准备；②复习备考期间的准备与注意事项；③考场注意事项。
part 7 章节考点分布表：罗列中山大学211翻译硕士英语的专业课试卷中，近年试卷考点分布的具体情况，方便考生知晓中大考研专业课试卷的侧重点与知识点分布，有助于考生更具针对性地复习、强化，快准狠地把握高分阵地！二、历年中山大学考研真题试卷与答案详解：整理中大该专业2010-2018年考研真题，并配有2010-2018年答案详细讲解。
2019年中山大学国际翻译学院357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解【圣才出品】
2019年中山大学国际翻译学院357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解PART ⅠVOCABULARY TRANSLATION [60 MIN] (1×30=30 POINTS) SECTION A CHINESE TO ENGLISH [30 MIN]1. 去杠杆【答案】deleverage2. 中国制造2025【答案】Made in China 20253. 民粹主义【答案】populism4. 僵尸企业【答案】zombie enterprises5. 双一流【答案】double first class6. 人类命运共同体【答案】a community of shared future for mankind7. 普惠发展【答案】inclusive development8. 2030年可持续发展议程【答案】The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development9. 绝对贫困【答案】absolute poverty10. 深水区（改革开放）【答案】deep water zone (reform and opening up)11. 区块链【答案】blockchain12. 量化宽松【答案】quantitative easing13. 77国集团【答案】Group of 7714. 购买力平价【答案】purchasing power parity15. 新时代中国特色社会主义思想【答案】socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new eraSECTION B ENGLISH TO CHINESE [30 MIN]l. TPP【答案】跨太平洋伙伴关系协定（Trans-Pacific Partnership Agreement）2. Rustbelt States【答案】锈带州3. Shadow banking【答案】影子银行4. Mike Pence【答案】迈克·彭斯5. Algorithm【答案】算法6. Cloud computing【答案】云计算7. Mangkhut【答案】台风山竹8. NAFTA【答案】北美自由贸易协定（North American Free Trade Agreement）9. Disarmament【答案】裁军10. Sexism【答案】性别歧视11. Authoritarianism【答案】权力主义12. Balance sheet【答案】资产负债表13. Nationalism【答案】民族主义14. S&P index【答案】标准普尔指数15. CPEC【答案】中巴经济走廊（China–Pakistan Economic Corridor）PART ⅡTRANSLATION [120 MIN] (2×60=120 POINTS)SECTION A CHINESE TO ENGLISH TRANSLATION [60 MIN]单纯利用水的流动来计时有许多不便，人们逐渐发明了利用水做动力，以驱动机械结构来计时。
2020中山大学MTI真题(回忆版)new
2020中山大学MTI真题（回忆版）211翻译硕士英语阅读出了一道历年真题的原题雅思大作文原题：关于女性是否适合军队和警察工作。
Some people believe that women should play an equal role as men in a country’s police force or military force, while others think women are not suitable for these jobs. Discuss both views and give your opinion. (400 words)357英语翻译基础【part one C-E】1.一带一路2.玉兔二号3.金融科技4.不忘初心5.大湾区6.民粹主义7.科创板8.自贸区9.去产能结构10.供给侧结构性改革11.棚户区12.三严三实13.居民消费者价格指数14.夜间经济15.垃圾分类garbage sorting【Part two E-C】1.gig economy2.McKinsey Global Institute3.Qualcomm4.Institutional Entrepreneur5.Kashmir6.Mass shooting7.Extradition billeless class9.China-Pakistan Economic Corridor10.Startups11.Purchasing power parity12.PPP13.Africa Union14.Referendum篇章翻译（英译汉:节选自老舍的《狗》；汉译英:The economist Future of Amazon）中国人动不动就说：我们地大物博。
那也就是说，我们不用着急呀，我们有的是东西，永远吃不完喝不尽哪！哼，请看看你们的狗吧！还有：狗虽那么摸不着吃，那么随便就被人踢两脚，打两棍，可是它们还照旧的替人们服务。
中山大学翻译硕士MTI考研真题及答案(一)
中山大学翻译硕士MTI考研真题及答案（一）中山大学翻译硕士MTI考研真题及答案I. Phrase Translation1. CIF: 到岸价(Cost Insurance and Freight)2. Dow Jones Industrial Average: 道琼斯工业平均指数3. The Renaissance: 文艺复兴4. meteor storm: 流星雨; 流星雨风暴5. intangible asset: 无形资产6. insurance policy: 保险单，保单7. immune system disorders: 免疫系统疾患;免疫系统病变; 疫系统紊乱8. exchange rate: 汇率9. fiscal deficit: 财政赤字10. Silicon Valley: 硅谷11. brain drain: 人才流失12. Oedipus complex: 恋母情结; 俄狄浦斯情结13. Force Majeure: 不可抗力14. multilateral cooperation: 多边合作15. epidemic disease: 流行病1.半导体: semiconductor2.知识产权: intellectual property; intellectual property rights3.酸雨: acid rain4.人均国内生产总值: GDP per capita; per capita gross domestic product5.外资企业: foreign-owned enterprise6.自由撰稿人: free-lancer7.温室效应: greenhouse effect8.贸易顺差: trade surplus9.货币贬值: currency devaluation; currency depreciation10.高血压: hypertension; high blood pressure11.违约责任: liability for breach of contract12.可再生能源: renewable energy; renewable energy sources; renewable energy resources13.主权国家: sovereign state; sovereignty14.扩大内需: expand domestic demand15.民意调查: poll; opinion poll; opinion surveyII. Passage translationSection A English to ChineseThe Literature of Knowledge and the Literature of Power (Excerpt)By Thomas de QuincyWhat is it that we mean by literature? Popularly, and amongst the thoughtless, it is held toinclude everything that is printed in a book. Little logic is required to disturb that definition. The most thoughtless person is easily made aware that in the idea of literature one essential element is some relation to a general and common interest of man—so that what applies only to a local, or professional, or merely personal interest, even though presenting itself in the shape of a book, will not belong to Literature. So far the definition is easily narrowed; and it is as easily expanded. For not only is much that takes a station in books not literature; but inversely, much that really is literature never reaches a station in books. The weekly sermons of Christendom, that vast pulpit literature which acts so extensively upon the popular mind—to warn, to uphold, to renew, to comfort, to alarm—does not attain the sanctuary of libraries in the ten-thousandth part of its extent. The Drama again—as, for instance, the finest of Shakespeare’s plays in England, and all leading Athenian plays in the noontide of the Attic stage—operated as a literature on the public mind, and were (according to the strictest letter of that term) published through the audiences that witnessed their representation some time before they were published as things to be read; and they were published in this scenical mode of publication with much more effect than they could have had as books during ages of costly copying or of costly printing.参考译文:我们所说的“文学”是什么呢?人们，尤其是对此欠考虑者，普遍会认为：文学包括印在书本中的一切。
中山大学2011年翻译硕士英语
中山大学二○一一年攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题科目代码：211科目名称：翻译硕士英语考试时间：1月15日下午考生须知全部答案一律写在答题纸上，答在试题纸上的不计分!请用蓝、黑色墨水笔或圆珠笔作答。
答题要写清题号，不必抄题。
PART I GRAMMAR & VOCABULARY [60 MIN] (1×30=30 POINTS)There are thirty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C AND D. Please choose the correct answer that best completes the sentence and mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET 2.1. Scarcely ____ when she started complaining to me of the terrible living conditions on thecampus.A. I arrivedB. I had arrivedC. did I arrivedD. had I arrived2. At that time, this kind of cloth was hard to ____ because the textile technology was not thatadvanced.A. come up withB. come throughC. come overD. come by3. ____the action stopped did we have time to think what might have happened.A. Only ifB. If onlyC. Only whenD. When only4. ____ the fact that he is an adult now, we should give him more freedom.A. In consideration ofB. In comparison withC. In light ofD. In contrast to5. ____ of the tires on the motorcycle looks any better than the other.A. Not anyB. No oneC. NoneD. Neither6. The air crash led to the ____ of the diplomatic relations between the two countries.A. suspicionB. suspenseC. suppressionD. suspension7.____ he has created striking stage settings for the Martha Graham dance company, artist IsamuNoguchi is more famous for his sculpture.A. Bur forB. NeverthelessC. In spite ofD. Although8. There is no other man in history than Jefferson who ____ the ideas of democracy with suchfullness, persuasiveness and logic.A. foresawB. foreshadowedC. formulatedD. fortified9. Bit by bit, a child makes the necessary changes to make his language_____.A. as other peopleB. as other people’sC. like other peopleD. like other people’s10. In the long run, English learning, difficult as it is, is ____ to a leaner in his or her careerdevelopment.A. profitableB. advantageousC. prominentD. rewarding11. It is vitally important that you ____ the international conference on cross-culturalcommunication.A. shall attendB. must attendC. attendD. might attend12. The one pleasure that Einstein ____ his great fame was the ability it gave him to help others.A. resulted fromB. stemmed fromC. turned outD. derived from13. You’d rather not go to the picnic, ____ you?A. shouldB. hadC. mustD. would14. ____ he’s already heard the news.A. Chances areB. Chance isC. Opportunities areD. Opportunity is15. Though this car is more elegant in appearance, its quality ____ that less fancy one.A. more inferior thanB. is more inferior toC. is inferior toD. is more inferior than16. You can step inside our store for a wide variety of personalized ____products for business andpersonal use.A. stationaryB. writingC. stationeryD. written17. If the man is only interested in your appearance, ____ just shows how shallow he is.A. asB. whichC. whatD. that18. Listening to the thrilling stories made my fleshA. climbB. itchyC. creepD. move19. The chairman suggested that everyone be present at the meeting ____ tomorrow morning.A. that heldB. being heldC. to be heldD. held20. A short ____ of stairs adjoins each entrance door and leads down to the central sleeping area.A. lightB. delightC. flightD. fight2t. We passed the examination, ____.A. and so he didB. and neither did heC. and so did heD. but he did22. The road is laid ahead of him, a ____ gray line stretching to the horizon.A. constantB. repeatedC. continuousD. wide23. We are ____ with these experienced technicians.A. too pleased to workB. too pleased workingC. only too pleased to workD. only too pleased working24. “Where can I find Jim?”“He is ____ his work. He won’t leave the lab until 6:00 p.m.”A. onB. overC. atD. under25. All the communists____ the people instead of being served by the people.A. are supposed to serveB. are opposed to servingC. are subjected to servingD. object to serving26. I told him how to get there, but perhaps I ____ him a map.A. should have givenB. ought to giveC. had to giveD. must have given27. After ____ seemed an endless night, it was time for them to open the boxes of presents.A. itB. thatC. whatD. there28. Christmas is a Christian holy day usually celebrated on December 25th ____ the birth of JesusChrist.A. in accordance withB. in terms ofC. in favor ofD. in honor of29. The prisoner stood there ____.A. with his hands cuffedB. with his hands cuffingC. with his cuffed handsD. with his cuffing hands30. The new edition of the encyclopedia ____ many improvements, which is the result of thepersistent effort of all the compilers.A. embeddedB. embodiedC. enchantedD. enclosedPART II READING COMPREHENSION [60 MIN] (1.5×20+2×5=40 POINTS)In this section there are five reading passages followed by a told of 20 multiple-choice questions and 5 short answer questions. Please read the passages and then write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.TEXT AAustralia’s frogs are having trouble finding love. Traffic noise and other sounds of city life, such as air conditioners and construction noise, are drowning out the mating calls of male frogs in urban areas, 1eading to a sharp drop in frog populations. But, in the first study of its kind, Parris, a scientist at the University of Melbourne has found that some frogs have figured out a way to compensate for human interference in their love lives.A male southern brown tree frog sends out a mating call when he’s looking for a date. It is music to the ears of a female southern brown tree frog. But, add the sounds of nearby traffic and the message just is not going out. Parris spent seven years studying frogs around Melbourne. She says some frogs have come up with an interesting strategy for making themselves heard.“We found that it’s changing the pitch of its call, so going higher up, up the frequency spectrum, being higher and squeakier, further away from the traffic noise and this increases the distance over which it can be for heard,” Parris said.The old call is lower in pitch. The new one is higher in pitch.Now, that may sound like a pretty simple solution. But, changing their calls to cope with a noisy environment is actually quite extraordinary for frogs. And while the males have figured out how to make themselves heard above the noise, Parris says it may not be what the females are looking for.“When females have a choice between two males calling, they tend to select the one that calls at a lower frequency because, in frogs, the frequency of a call is related to body size. So, the bigger frogs tend to call lower,” she explained. “And so they also tend to be the older frogs, the guys perhaps with more experience, they know what they’re doing and the women are attracted to those.”Frog populations in Melbourne have dropped considerably since Parris began her research, but it is not just because of noise. Much of Australia has been locked in a 10-year drought, leaving frogs fewer and fewer ponds to go looking for that special someone.31. Parris is the first person who made study for ____A. frog’s populationB. frog’s love livesC. frog’s mating calls and living environmentD. the effects of human noises on frog32. Why do some frogs change the pitch of its calls?A. To be different from others.B. To attract a female frog.C. To tend out messages.D. To go against traffic noises.33. Female frogs may not be attracted by the new call because____.A. it is strange and unusualB. they are used to the old callC. the male frogs don’t know how to attract themD. lower frequency has special physical meaning34. What does the word “considerably” in the last paragraph mean?A. immediatelyB. directlyC. carefully”D. much35. According to Parris, what are the reasons for the dropping of the frog’s population inMelbourne?A. Air conditioners and construction noise.B. The urban noises and the lack of rainfall.C. The change of the frequency of the mating call.D. Fewer ponds.TEXT BA closer observer of the small screen once called it a “vast wasteland of violence, sadism and murder, private eyes, gangsters and more violence - and cartoons.” That is how Newton Minow, a US television regulator, described it in 1961.Since than television language has become more colourful, violence more explicit and sex more prevalent. Lady Chatterley’s Lover has moved from the banned book shelf to a classic BBC serial.Concern over such changing standards has shaped our view of television—and masked its broader influence in developing countries.To illustrate its effects, Kenny cites the case of Brazil. When television there began to show a steady diet of local soaps in the 1970s, Brazilian women typically had five or more children and were trapped in poverty. As the popularity of the soaps grew, birth rates fellAccording to researchers, 72% of the leading female characters in the main soaps had no children and only 7% had more than one. One study calculated that such soaps had the same effect on fertility rates as keeping girls in school for five years more than normal.It is not just birth rates that are affected. Kenny notes: “Kids who watch TV out of school, according to a World Bank survey of young people in the shanty towns of Fortaleza in Brazil, are considerably less likely to consume drugs.”Television appears to have more power to reduce youth drug use than the strictures of an educated mother and Brazilian soaps presenting educated urban woman running their own businesses are thought to be compelling role models.Television can also improve health, In Ghana a soap opera line that warned mothers they were feeding their children “more than just rice” if they did not wash their hands after defecating was followed by a seemingly permanent improvement in personal hygiene.Why do such changes happen? Simple, says Kenny: soap operas, whether local versions of Ugly Betty or vintage imports of Baywatch, open up new horizons. “Some hours could he better spout planting trees, helping old ladies across the road or playing cricket,” he said. “But watching TV exposes people to new ideas and different people. With that will come greater opportunity, growing equality and a better understanding of the world. Not bad.”36. What does “it” refer to in the first paragraph?A. The small screen.B. A vast wasteland.C. Television language.D. Lady Chatterley’s Lover.37. Why does the anther mention Lady Chatterley’s Lover?A. To show television has great influence on our daily life.B. To show that television’s content has new changes.C. To show that violence and sex are accepted by the audience.D. To show the standards of TV regulation have changed38. What is the meaning of “mask” in the third paragraph?A. suggestB. coverC. discoverD. reveal39. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as the effects of TV?A. Lower birth rate.B. Less poor young people.C. Less drug users.D. Better sanitation habits.40. The main idea of this passage is ____.A. the effects of TV in developing countriesB. people begin to receive more informationC. TV has opened up new horizonsD. the changes of TV languageTEXT CShe was glad of the lake. It’s soft; dark water helped to soothe and quiet her mind. It took her away from the noisy, squawkish world of the cat-walk and let her lie untroubled at its side, listening only to the gentle lapping of its waves.She felt at peace. Alone. Unhindered and free. Free to do nothing but watch and listen and dream.London, Paris, New York - names, only names. Names that had once meant excitement, then boredom, then frustration then slavery. Names that had brought her to the edge of a breakdown and left her doubting her own sanity.But here everything was at peace. The lake, the trees, the cottage. Here she could stay for the rest of her life. Here she would be happy to die.Across the sun hurried a darkening filter of cloud. The ripples on the water, chased by a freshening wind, pushed their way anxiously from the far side of the lake until they almost bounced at her feet. And in the East there was thunder.Quickly she gathered her things together and made for the cottage. But already the rain flecked the water behind her and pattered the leaves as she raced beneath the trees. Sodden and breathless, she ran for the cottage door, and, as she opened it, the storm burst.And there on the hearth, haggard and unwelcome, stood a man.“Hello!”I was an odd way to greet a complete stranger who had invaded her home, but it was all she could think of to say. A casual greeting to someone who seemed to be expecting her, waiting for her. Maybe it was the way they did things down here?“I suppose you had to shelter from the storm too?” she asked.The man said nothing.She ought to have been angry at this rude intrusion on her privacy, but anger somehow seemed pointless. It was as if the cottage was his, the hearth was his, and she had come out of the storm to seek refuge at his door. She watched him, cautiously; waiting for an explanation. He said nothing. Not a word“Did you get wet?” she askedHe stood, huddled by the open fire, gazing at the dying embers.She walked over, brushing against him as she bent to stir the logs into life, but still he did not move. The flames burst forth, lighting up the sadness in his dark eyes.“And kneeled and made the cheerless grate blaze up and all the cottage warm...”The words, spoken by him in a quiet, toneless voice, took her by surprise.“Pardon?” she saidBut he seemed not to hear.She tried once more.” Ii look as if it’s set in for the evening. Would you like to sit down for a while?”His eyes followed her as she moved to take off her coat and brush out her hair.“...and from her form withdrew the dripping cloak and shawl, and laid her soiled gloves by, untied her hat and let the damp hair fall...”Poetry. He was quoting poetryHe looked vaguely like a poet; lean, distressed, with a certain bitterness in his eyes and hopelessness in his form. And his voice was deep and languid, like the middle of the lake where the water ran darkest.Yet those ware not his lines. The words were not created by him. They were somehow familiar. Half remembered. Surely she had heard them before?41. What does she think of the lake?A. Dark.B. Alone.C. Free.D. Soft42. We can conclude that the main character “She” is a ____.A. modelB. teacherC. singerD. banker43. As to names her profession brought her, she felt all the following EXCEPT ____.A. confinedB. fed upC. agitatedD. stirred44. She wished to stay by the lake for the rest of her life because ____.A. she liked the beautiful scenery thereB. she enjoyed the solitude thereC. she could withdraw from societyD. she might encounter a stranger45. Which of the following can NOT describe the man?A. DesperateB. ThinC. MiserableD. ConspicuousTEXT DGot milk? If you do, take a moment to ponder the true oddness of being able to drink milk after you’re a baby.No other species but humans can. And most humans can’t either.The long lists of food allergies some people claim to have can make it seem as if they’re just finicky eaters trying to rationalize likes and dislikes. Not so. Eggs, peanuts, tree nuts, fish, shellfish soy and gluten all can wreak havoc on the immune system of allergic individuals, even causing a deadly reaction called anaphylaxis.But those allergic reactions are relatively rare, affecting an estimated 4% of adults.Milk’s different.There are people who have true milk allergies that can cause deadly reactions. But most people who have bad reactions to milk aren’t actually allergic to it, in that it’s not their immune system that’s responding to the milk. Instead, people who are lactose intolerant can’t digest the main sugar—lactose—found in milk. In normal humans, the enzyme that does so—lactase—stops being produced when the person is between two and five years old. The undigested sugars end up in the colon, where they begin to ferment, producing gas that can cause cramping, bloating, nausea, flatulence and diarrhea.If you’re American or European it’s hard to realize this, but being able to digest milk as an adult is one weird genetic adaptation.It’s not normal. Somewhat less than 40% of people in the world retain the ability to digest lactose after childhood. The numbers are often given as close to 0% of Native Americans, 5% of Asians, 25% of African and Caribbean peoples, 50% of Mediterranean peoples and 90% of northern Europeans. Sweden has one of the world’s highest percentages of lactase tolerant people.Being able to digest milk is so strange that scientists say we shouldn’t really call lactose intolerance a disease, because that presumes it’s abnormal, instead, they call it lactase persistence, indicating what’s really weird is the ability to continue to drink milk.There’s been a lot of research over the past decade looking at the genetic mutation that allows this subset of humanity to stay milk drinkers into adulthood.A long-held theory was that the mutation showed up first in Northern Europe, where people got less vitamin D from the sun and therefore did better if they could also get the crucial hormone (it’s not really a vitamin at all) from milk.But now a group at University College London has shown that the mutation actually appeared about 7,500 years ago in dairy farmers who lived in a region between the central Balkans and central Europe, in what was known as the Funnel Beaker culture.The paper was published this week in PLOS Computational Biology.The researchers used a computer to model the spread of lactase persistence, dairy farming, other food gathering practices and genes in Europe.Today, the highest proportion of people with lactase persistence live in Northwest Europe, especially the Netherlands, Ireland and Scandinavia. But the computer model suggests that dairy farmers carrying this gene variant probably originated in central Europe and then spread more widely and rapidly than non-dairying groups.Author Mark Thomas of University College London’s dept of Genetics, Evolution and Environment says, “In Europe, a single genetic change...is strongly associated with lactase persistence and appears to have people with it a big survival advantage.”The European mutation is different from several lactase persistence genes associated with small populations of African peoples who historically have been cattle herders.Researchers at the University of Mary land identified one such mutation among Nilo-Saharan-speaking peoples in Kenya and Tanzania. That mutation seems to have arisen between 2,700 to 6,800 years ago. Two other mutations have been found among the Beja people of northeastern Sudan and tribes of the same language family in northern Kenya.46. According to the third sentence of Paragraph 3, which of the following items is INCORRECT?A. Anaphylaxis may cause people to die.B. Eggs can damage all the allergic individuals’ immune system.C. One who is allergic to gluten can not eat com.D. Tuna may cause a person who is allergic to fish to die.47. Which of the following is the CORRECT explanation of “enzyme” (Para. 6)?A. A kind of chemical hormone that is produced by human body.B. A kind of protein that act as catalyst in diagnosing lactose.C. A kind of fungus that can be used to decompose lactose.D. A kind of gene that is called lactase.48. What is the relationship between “lactase” and “lactose” according to the passage?A. Lactase is indispensable to decomposing lactose.B. They both can act as a kind of enzyme.C. Lactase is the physical form of lactose.D. Lactase can be used to synthesize lactose.49. According to Mark Thomas, we can infer that______.A. in Europe, people with longevity must not be lactase persistence.B. a genetic mutation on lactase persistence changed people’s life.C. the European people benefit from genetic change.D. the Europeans have superior survival advantage to other human races.50. What is the purpose of the author in writing this passage?A. To stop people from drinking milk.B. To refute the theory that milk is good for health.C. To introduce us a new discovery on genetic mutation.D. To infer the declination of the cattle industry.TEXT EGeorge had stolen some money, but the police had caught him and he had been put in prison. Now his trial was about to begin, and he felt sure that he would be found guilty and sent to prison for a long time.Then he discovered that an old friend of his was one of the members of the jury at his trail. Of course, he didn’t tail anybody, but he managed to see his friend secretly one day. He said to him, “Jim, I know that the jury will find me guilty of having stolen the money. I cannot hope to be found not guilty of taking it - that would be too much to expect. But I should be grateful to you for the rest of my life if you could persuade the other members of the jury to add a strong recommendation for mercy to their statement that they consider me guilty.”“Well, George,”answered Jim, “I shall certainly try to do what I can for you as an old friend, but of course I cannot promise anything. The other eleven people on the jury look terribly strong-minded to me.” George said that he would quite understand if Jim was not able to do anything for him, and thanked him warmly for agreeing to help.The trial went on, and at last the time came for the jury to decide whether George was guilty or not. It took them five hours, but in the end they found George guilty, with a strong recommendation for mercy. Of course, George was very pleased, but he didn’t have a chance to see Jim for some time after the trial. At last, however, Jim visited him in prison, and George thanked him warmly and asked him how he had managed to persuade the other members of the jury to recommend mercy. “Well, George,” Jim answered, “as I thought, those eleven men were very difficult to persuade, but I managed it in the end by tiring them out. Do you know, those fools had all wanted to find you not guilty!”51. How do you define “jury”?52. What did George expect Jim to do?53. What did Jim do to help George?54. How lung did the jury spent on making a decision?55. Who do you think is the biggest fool?PART III WRITING [60 MIN] (30 POINTS)Plagiarism in graduation thesis is becoming an indisputable fact. What do you think about it? Write an essay of about 400 words to state your view on the following topic:Plagiarism in Graduation ThesisIn the first part of your essay you should state clearly your main argument, and in the second part you should support your argument with appropriate details. In the last part you should bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or make a summary.Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Write your essay on the ANSWER SHEET.参考答案及解析PART I GRAMMAR & VOCABULARY1.D 句意：我一到她就向我抱怨校园里恶劣的生活条件。
中国人民大学357-英语翻译基础考研参考书目、考研真题、复试分数线
6、负责组织本学院的专业综合课和外语笔试试题的命制、专业课和综合素质面试试题 的命制、外语口语听力试题的命制、对同等学力加试科目试题的命制。
7、负责制定本学院的综合素质面试和外语面试的实施方案，认真制定面试评分标准、 考核指标。
8、负责审核各专业复试小组的复试记录和复试结果，复试记录和复试结果须妥存备查。
9、负责对参加复试而未录取考生的必要解释和遗留问题的处理。
三、复试公告
1、网上公示复试办法和复试名单
研招办于 3 月中上旬将学校复试基本要求（参考分数线）在研究生院网站公布；各学院 须在本学院网站公布本学院的复试办法和复试名单，并将网址报研招办备案。
50
50 90 90
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55
55 90 90
360
50↓ 50↓ 90 90 350
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50 180
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55 90 90 350
50 50
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45 45 90
90 300
45 45 90 90 300
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50↓ 50↓ 90 90 350↓
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90 330
各学院对拟录取的硕士生必须进行复试，复试合格方可录取。
我校实行差额复试，差额复试比例在 120%以上。生源充足的学院可进一步扩大差额复 试比例。
二、复试工作管理
专注中国人民大学考研辅导
我校硕士生入学考试复试工作实行二级管理。学校研究生招生委员会负责制定我校硕士 生复试规则和各学科的复试基本要求；各学院依据学校复试要求，负责确定本学院复试名单， 制定本学院的复试办法并报学校研究生招生办公室（以下简称研招办）备案。