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艾默生 Rosemount 935开路式可燃气体探测器产品说明书

产品说明书00813-0106-4035, Rev AC2023 年 7 月Rosemount™ 935开路式可燃气体探测器Rosemount 9352023 年 7 月功能和优点■只需一人安装，维护少■出厂时已校准■内置自检功能，连续监测设备运行状况■ 2 秒内准确、可靠的高速响应■RTC 事件记录仪；实时记录最近 375 个事件■在信号屏蔽率高达 95% 的困难环境中，自动增益控制使检测精确■三年保修■高抗误报能力■加热镜面，适合恶劣环境下运行■易于使用，可通过 HART®或 RS-485 Modbus®现场组态■高可靠性 - MTBF - 至少 100,000 小时应用■石化、制药以及其他化学存储和生产区域■易燃化学存储地点以及有害废弃物处理区域■炼油厂、钻井平台、管道、加油站和燃料存储设施■危险材料装载码头、运输车站和运输仓库■发动机室■压缩机和泵站■测试单元■LNG-LPG 系统■浮式生产储存卸货装置（FPSO）以及固定钻油平台内容功能和优点 (2)应用 (2)订购信息 (3)技术规格 (5)认证 (7)/Rosemount2023 年 7 月Rosemount 935订购信息■ 3 秒内准确可靠的高速响应Array■高防误报性■易于安装和维护在线产品组态工具很多产品可使用我们的产品组态工具进行在线组态。

如要使用，请访问。

使用此工具内置的逻辑和持续验证，您可以更快、更准确地度组态您的产品。

型号组别型号组别包含与每个产品相关的详细信息。

确切的型号代码将有所不同；典型型号代码的示例如光源（发射端）和探测器（接收端）所示。

光源（发射端）935T1F002SA1探测器（接收端）935R1F012SA1技术规格与订购每种组态的详情请参阅“技术规格”。

设备购买者必须提供产品材料、选项或组件的技术规格和选型。

光源（发射端）所需型号组件型号发射端量程Rosemount 9353气体标定外壳类型/导线管产品认证探测器（接收端）所需型号组件型号接收端选择气体标定Rosemount 9352023 年 7 月/Rosemount2023 年 7 月Rosemount 935外壳类型/导线管产品认证技术规格一般技术规格表 1: 型号和安装距离被测气体C1-C8 选择气体响应时间< 2 秒抗误报能力不受太阳辐射、碳氢火焰和其他红外辐射源影响灵敏度范围0–5 LEL.m 甲烷和丙烷0–8 LEL.m 乙烯允许对准偏差±0.5 度漂移读数的 ± 7.5% 或满量程的 ±4%（取较大值）最小检测值0.15 LEL.m温度范围-67 至 +149 °F（-55 至 +65 °C）湿度高达 95% 非冷凝（可短时承受 100% 相对湿度）镜面加热消除镜面上的冷凝和结冰保修探测器和光源 3 年电气规格电源额定 24 VDC (18-32 VDC)标准能耗探测器：220 mA光源：240 mA预热时间发射端、接收端各需 30 秒Rosemount 9355Rosemount 9352023 年 7 月电气连接（指定）两个 ¾-in. -14 美制标准管螺纹 (NPT) 导管或 2 x M25 x 1.5 mm ISO电气输入保护符合 MIL-STD-1275B 标准电磁兼容性符合 EN50270 的防电磁干扰/射频干扰 (EMI/RFI)输出接口0-20 mA 电流输出罐电流（光源选项）配置 – 18-32 VDC 时最大回路电阻 500 ohm气体读数：4-20 mA正常，无读数：4 mA维护提醒：3 mA光路阻隔：2 mA零点标定模式：1 mA故障：0 mARS-485 接口 - 与 Modbus®兼容RS-485 输入输出能提供所有的信息给个人电脑（PC），同时接收来自电脑或手操器的指令。

3,3-二乙氧基丙烯-危险化学品安全技术说明书中文MSDS文档16个部分(完整版)

化学品安全技术说明书3,3-二乙氧基丙烯第一部分化学品及企业标识化学品中文名：3,3-二乙氧基丙烯化学品英文名：3,3-diethoxypropene；acrolein diethylacetal供应商名称：天津****化工有限公司供应商地址：天津市**区**路**号**室供应商电话：4571-5858****邮编：248***供应商传真：4571-5858****电子邮件地址：4527**************产品推荐及限制用途：用于有机合成。

第二部分危险性概述紧急情况概述：高度易燃液体和蒸气。

GHS危险性类别：易燃液体-类别2标签要素：象形图：警示词：危险危险信息：H225:高度易燃液体和蒸气防范说明：预防措施：P210:远离热源/火花/明火/热表面。

禁止吸烟。

P233:保持容器密闭。

P240:容器和接收设备接地/等势联接。

P241:使用防爆的电气/通风/照明/……/设备。

P242:只能使用不产生火花的工具。

P243:采取防止静电放电的措施。

P280:戴防护手套/穿防护服/戴防护眼罩/戴防护面具。

应急响应：P303+P361+P353:如皮肤（或头发）沾染：立即脱掉所有沾染的衣服。

用水清洗皮肤/淋浴。

P370+P378:火灾时，使用……灭火。

安全储存：P403+P235:存放在通风良好的地方。

保持低温。

废弃处置：P501:处置内装物/容器……物理和化学危险：易燃，其蒸气与空气混合，能形成爆炸性混合物。

容易自聚。

健康危害：本品具有刺激性。

环境危害：对环境可能有害。

其他危害：暂无资料。

第三部分成分/组成信息√物质混合物第四部分急救措施急救：- 皮肤接触：立即脱去污染的衣着，用流动清水彻底冲洗。

就医。

- 眼睛接触：立即分开眼睑，用流动清水或生理盐水彻底冲洗。

就医。

- 吸入：迅速脱离现场至空气新鲜处。

保持呼吸道通畅。

如呼吸困难，给输氧。

呼吸、心跳停止，立即进行心肺复苏术。

就医。

- 食入：漱口，饮水。

淘汰式柔性耐用汽燃燃煤机用户指南说明书

CONTENTS PrefaceSafety InformationEngine SpecificationsSafety Label LocationAssemblingEngine UsageStart the EngineElectric Wiring DiagramRun the EngineStop the EnginePeriodicaI Check and MaintenanceLong-term StorageDetail DiagramAppendix 1.Overall and lnstallation Dimensions Appendix 2.Performance Curve & Sizes Of Pto Flanges Appendix 3.Sizes of PTO Flanges & Size of Output Shaft Appendix 4.Malfunction and remedy of diesel engine Limited WarrantyProduct Registration Card1 2 2 3 6 12 13 14 15 18 19 36 36 36 37 41 42Main ItemsTypeCombustion SystemBore x Stroke(mm)Piston Displacement(L)Rated PowerMax.kW(PS)Continue.kW(PS)Rated Speed(rpm)Rotation directionSpray Pressure kg/cm2(MPa)Applicable Fuel OilFuel Tank Capacity(L)Lubricating MethodApplicable Lube OilLube Oil Capacity Full(L)Effective(L)AHD186Single-cylinder,4-stroke,vertical,air-cooled,direct-injection diesel engineDirect injection combustion86 x 720.4189.08.53600Unclockwise viewed from the output shaft200(19.6)Light diesel5.5Pressure plus splashingSAE 10W30 beyond CC grade1.650.6Output ShaftFuel OilLubricating SystemStarting System Cooling System Recoil starter or Recoil/Electric starterForced air-cooledAMICO 3.ASSEMBLINGFUEL OIL CAPACITY ModelOil drain screw plug Dipstick air cleaner cover Wing nutelementfuel cock ("OPEN")regulator handlestarterhandlerecoil starterstarterhandlerecoil starterOpen the fuel cock.Put the engine speed leverin the "RUN" positionHold the starting handleloosely until you feelresistance Then return it slowly.Push the decompressionlever down and release Hold the starting handle firmly.Pull the rope hard and fast Pull it all the way e two hands if necessary.Pull the startinghandle slowly ......Start!If the engine doesn't starttry again from (1)23456For3, don't pull the ropetoo fast or hard.Always pull the rope slowly.For5,if you don't pull the ropeall the way out ,the engine won'tstart Always pull the rope all theway out.Always pull the rope hardand fast.For5,if you don't pull hard enough,the engine won't startSTART THE DIESEL ENGINEstandard panel installation panel of the cylinder head casehexagonal bolt M6 x 70removetwo boltslongwasherASSEMBLY:NO. Specification Quantity1 Electric starting switch body 12 Electric starting switch panel 13 Long washer 24 Hexagonal bolt M6 x 70 2PROCEDURES:Remove the electric starting switch body from thestandard panel, then reassemble it to the installa-tion panel of the cylinder head case.Screw off the two bolts from the cylinder head case.Clip the reassembled panel with the long washer,then tight it with hexagonal bolts.[OPERATING NOTICE]If the wire harness touch the muffleror the PTO shaft, the fire will result.Set the earth terminal of the harness with M6 bolt.1234groundterminalsM6 bolt couplerwire harness123ELECTRIC WIRING DIAGRAMblue redgeneratorblue blueredblue starting key of diesel engineyellowredregulatoryellowred black12Vstarting motoraccumulatorwhiteblackgray6.Run the EngineTo prevent the exhaust toxication, be sure to run the engine at ventilated place.To prevent personal injury, avoid hands, personal body and cloths from involving into the output shaft, pulley and V pulley etc moving parts.Check the moving parts and the surrounding parts after stop the engine. Be sure that there is no tool or cloth inside the engine body.The muffler is very hot during running or just after running, do not touch the muffler.The air cleaner will suck the surrounding airflow during the running. To prevent the injury, avoid hands, personal body and cloths approach this part.Warm up the engine for 5 minutes.If the engine is very hot, set the governor lever to the expected position.Be sure to regulate the engine speed with the governor lever.Do not screw off the adjusting bolt and the fuel adjusting bolts, otherwise the abnormal speed and output will result.If the engine continually exhaust black smoke dur-ing running, which indicates that the engine is run-ning with overload, do adjust the engine pulley andthe load pulley.speed limiterF.O. limiter!WARNING!CAUTION!NOTE!NOTE123PLEASE PAY ATTENTION TO THE FOLLOWING ITEMS WHILE RUNNING:Whether there is abnormal vibration and sound.Whether the exhaust is normal.Whether the engine continually exhausts white smoke or black smoke.Be sure to shut off the engine when the abnormal phenomenon arouses,and contact with agent.7.STOP THE ENGINEIf the engine is stopped in emergency, theengine temperature will rise quickly, thusthe engine life will be shortened.Fill diesel to the tank.Check all the bolts and nuts. Screw on them if necessary.Clean the dirty on the surface of the engine body.regulator handle fuel tank fuel cock("OPEN")[OPERATING NOTICE]Set the governor lever to the low speed position,then run the engine at zero load five minutes.Set the governor lever to the *STOP *position. Donot stop the engine with the decompression lever.Set the fuel cock to *OFF *position.Pull the recoil starter handle slowly, until you feelresistance. (At this point, the decompression justbegins and intake/exhaust valves are both closed,thus the cylinder can be prevented from rust.)Concerning the electric starting engine, directlyturn the starting key to *OFF *position.PREPARE FOR THE NEXT OPERATION:123123451238.Periodical Check and MaintenancePeriodical Check and maintenance are very important for maintaining the performance and life of the engine.The following is the maintenance intervals and items table.The item with "." require technician or special tools,please contact with agent.Periodical check and maintenance table:IntervalsItemsCheck all the bolts and nutsCheck and refill engine oilReplace engine oilClean or replace engine oil cleanerCheck oil leakage Replace air cleaner Clean fuel oil cleanerCheck nozzleCheck fuel injec-tion pump Adjust the clearance of the intake/exhaust valve Check the intake/ exhaust valve Replace the piston ringCheck the electrolyte every day20hrs50hrs100hrs200hrs500hrs1000hrs Check it every month,refill the distilled water if necessary.(First time)(Second time)(Clean)(Clean)(Replace)(Replace)Replace Engine OilDrain out the engine oil while the engine is warmand refill the recommended engine oil.Ambient temperature Grade Viscosity Above 20 C (Summer) Beyond CC grade SAE 3010 C~20 C (Spring and fall) SAE20Below 10 C (Winter) SAE10W-30Replace Engine Oil IntervalsFirst time 20 hrsSecond time Every 100 hrs Clean Engine Oil CleanerScrew off the bolt and take out the engine oilcleanerClean Every 100 hrsReplace Every 1000hrs186Oil drain scew plug DipstickScrew off the bolt and take out the engine oil cleaner.oil filterLO suction pipeO ring lock boltReplace the air cleanerA. Paper element:Replace the element every 500 hrs.air cleaner coverwing nutIf the element is too dirty, the air flow will be blocked and starting will be hard, thus insufficient output will result, further more, it will cost both fuel oil and engine oil, the engine will exhaust black smoke.Running engine with worn element or without element is not allowed.B. Oil-soak Type ElementCheck the engine oil level before run the engine. Refill the engine oil until the upper level. Re-place if it is too dirty. Often clean the element with kerosene, then soak it in the engine oil and squeeze out the excess engine oil.Oil filterOil-soak Type ElementOil levelClean the Fuel Oil CleanerRemove the fuel oil cleaner from the tank and clean it on time.Clean Every 500 hrs Replace Every 1000 hrs A. Completely drain out the fuel oil.B. Screw off two nuts of the fuel cock and take out the fuel oil cleaner.Screw on the bolts on the cylinder head. This operation requires special tools, please contact with your agent.Oil drain screw plugDrain plug fuel cock bolt!CAUTION2154The adjustment of fuel nozzle and fuel injection pump and the replacement of the valve seats, parts require special technology, please contact with your agent.Check the battery every month.9.LONG-TERM STORAGEPrepare the following items before long-term storage:Remove the filler screw plug on the cylinder head case and refill about 2cc engine oil.Clean off the dirty on the engine surface, then store the engine at the dry place.Oil drain screw plugDipstickdecompression leverRun the engine five minutes at low speed.Drain out the engine oil while the engine is warm and refill the fresh engine oil.Press down the decompression lever and pull the recoil starter 2-3 times(Do not start the engine)Return the decompression lever back to the de-compression position, and pull the recoil starter slowly until you feel the resistance.(At this point,both intake/exhaust valves are closed to prevent the engine from rust.)67123456starter handlerecoil starter10.DETAIL DIAGRAMQty.1111111Ref No.1234567Part No.186F ~ 18003186F ~ 18004186F ~ 18005186F ~ 18007186F ~ 18009186F ~ 18012186F ~ 18013Description Trade Marks Tag I Start Operation Tag Caution Tag Model Tag Warning Tag Air Cleaner TagAir Cooled Diesel Engine Tag CAUTIONAIR-COOLED DIESELHOW TO STARTCAUTIOND IE SE LD IE S ELWARNING6751324Torque 40~4554-58120~1358 ~1020~2210~1218~22 ITorque of Main Bolt & Nut Ref No.1234567DescriptionRod Bolt Nut Cyl Head Nut Flywheel Nut Nozzle Retainer Nut Rocker Arm Tighten Stud Bolt M6 (Nut)Bolt M8 (Nut)Unit:N. m Qty.11212Bearings Ref No.u v w x YPart No.GB ! T276-94GB/T276-94GB290-89GB290- 89GB / T276- 94Description Ball Bearing 6308/P5Ball Bearing 6207/P5Needle Bearing HK081210Needle Bearing HK1512Ball Bearing 6203Rings Ref No.m n o P q r s t Part No.186F-01007GB3452.1-92GB3452.1-92GB3452.1-92GB3452.1-92GB3452.1-92GB3452.1-92GB3452.1-92Description O-RingZ O-Ring 11 x 1.9G O-Ring 24 x 2.4G O-Ring 10 x 1.9G O-Ring 25 x 2.4G O-Ring 34.5 x 1.8G O-Ring 13.2 x 1.9G O-Ring 12 x 1.8G Qty.11211111Full Gasket SetsQty. 1Ref No.1Part No.186F-11008Description Lever shaft SealFull Gasket Sets Qty.21111111111Ref No.a b c d e f g h i J kPart No.186F-01100186F-10017186F-10016186F-01015186F-02014186F-02015186F-03003186F-07001186F-09002186F-10007186F-10013DescriptionOil Plug Gasket Assem.Fuel Injection Pump Shim Set Seal GasketCrank Case GasketAir Intake GasketExhaust GasketBonnet GasketAir Cleaner GasketOil Filter Plate GasketFuel Oil Filter GasketConnecting Plate GasketMounted to(4)Piston & Connecting Rod Assem.(4)Piston & Connecting Rod Assem.(4)Piston & Connecting Rod Assem.(4)Piston & Connecting Rod Assem.(1)Cylinder Block Assem.(13)Fuel Nozzle Assem.(2)Cylinder Head Assem.(ll)Fuel Tank & Pipe Assem.(7)Air Cleaner Assem.(1)Cylinder Block Assem.(1)Cylinder Block Assem.(14)Recoil Starter Assem.Ref No.A B C D E F G H I J K LPart(Type) No.186F-04100186F-04001186F-04002186F-04005GB9877 ~ 1-8811.433 ~ 172.001186F-02007186F-t0300186F-07100186F-0t012GB9877 ~ 1-88186F-14008Description Oil Ring Set First Gas Ring Second Gas Ring Crank Pin Bearing Oil Seal B355010D Nozzle SpacerFilter Element Assem.Air Cleaner Element Assem.Cyl. Head Gasket Oil Seal B355008D Starter RatchetQty. 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1Easy Worn Parts(1)Cylinder Block AssemblyDescriptionDrain PlugOil Plug Seal Assem.Oil Seal B355010D Cylinder BlockFuel Controller Assem.O-Ring 24 x 2.4Oil Depth GaugeNut M10 x 1.25Tighten Stud(Short) Tighten Stud(Long)Shim SetNut M6Seal GasketSeal PlateBall Bearing 6308 RetainerBolt M8 x 12Needle Bearing HK152015 Cylinder Head Bolt(Shortl WasherCyl. Head Nut(Short) Cyl. Head GasketCyl.Head Nut(Long)Bolt M6 x 20Air CoverO-RingCyl.head Bolt(Long) Crank Case GasketBall Bearing 6207-P5 Main BearingPin8 x 10Crank Case CoverOil Seal B355008DBolt M8 x 30PlugBolt M8 x 33.5PlungerNeedle Bearing HK081210Qty. 2 2 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 2 2 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 4 2 1 2 2 1 1 2 1 1 1 2 1 1 2 1 13 3 1Ref No.12345678910111213141516171819202122232425262728 28-1293031323334353637Part No.186F-01017 186F-01100 GB9877.1-88 186F-01001 186F-11200 GB3452.1-92 186F-01002 GB6173-86 186F-01012 186F-01001 186F-10017 GB6170-86 186F-10016 186F-10015 GB/T276-94 186F-01009 GB5783-86 GB290-89 186F-01003 186F-01005 186F-01004 186F-01013 186F-01007 GB5787-86 186F-01211 186F-01008 186F-01006 186F-01015 GB/T276-94 186F-01014 GB 119-86 186F-01016 GB9877.1-88 GB5787-86 186F-01019 GB5787-86 186F-01021 GB290-89Qty.1111112222221111421112232(2)Cylinder Head AssemblyRef No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25Part No.186F-02014186F-02202186F- 02003186F-02004186F-02015GBl19-86186F-02007186F-02019186F-02005186F- 02002186F-02008GB6177-88186F-02017186F-02012186F-02006186F-02013186F-02001GB6177-88186F-02009186F-02018186F-02011GB900-88GB900-88GB5787-86GB899-88DescriptionAir Intake Gasket Cylinder Head Intake Valve Exhaust Valve Exhaust Gasket Pin B4 x 8WasherValve duct Seal Valve SpringValve Spring Retainer Valve Screw Nut M6Rocker Arm ScrewExhaust Valve Rocker Arm Rocker Arm SupportIntake Valve Rocker Arm Cotter Nut M6Nozzle Retainer Spacer Washer SpacerStudAM6 x 50 Stud AM6 x 75 Bolt AM6 x 25 Stud AM8 x 20Qty.l 1111111111212111123211(3)Cyl. Head Bonnet AssemblyRef No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13186FG 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10Part No.GB119-86186F-03001186F-03006186F-03007GB3452.1-92186F-03003186F-03014186F-03015186F-03004GB3452.1-92186F-03100GB5787-86186F-03016186FG-03012186FG-03100186FG- 03011186FG- 03009186FG- 03008GB97.1-85GB5783-86186FG-03013GB3452.1-92GB6170-86Description Pin B3 x 16Cyl. Head Bonnet BallBreather Seat O-Ringl2 x 1.9Bonnet Gasket PinPlunger8Decompression Spring O-Ringl2 x 1.9Decompression Shaft Assem.Blot M6 x 70Oiling Screw PlugDecompression Wire Collar Decompression Shaft Assem Decompression WireOuter Decompression Handle Decompression Handle Suppor Washer6Bolt M6 x 15Outer Decompression Handle Bushin O-Ringl2 x 1.9Nut M6Qty. 11 1 12 1 1(5)Fuel Nozzle AssemblyRef No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8Part No.11.435.127.00311.430.100.24011.430.613.00111.433.120.00011.430.136.00011.433.261.00411.433.172.00111.433.314.009Description Nozzle Holder Assem.Shim Pack Nozzle Spring Spring Retainer Stop Plate PinNozzle Valve Nozzle Case Nut(4)Piston & Connecting Rod AssemblyQty. 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 1 2 1Ref No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10Part No.186F-04100186F-04001186F-04002186F-04003186F-04004GB893.1-86186F- 04008186F-04007186F-04005186F-04006Description Oil Ring Set First Gas Ring Second Gas Ring Piston Piston Pin Washer 23Rod BoltConnecting Rod Body Crank Pin Bearing Crank Pin BoxQty. 2 1 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 1(6)Crank Shaft & Flywheel AssemblyRef No.12345678910111212-11314151617Part No.GB / T276-94186F-05301186F - 05006186F - 05004186F-05007GB93-87186F-05005186F-05203GB1096-79186F-05201186F-05202GB1096-79GB1096-79186F-05101186F-05003186F-05002186F-05001GB5787-86186FG- 05006Description Ball Bearing 6203/P5Balancer Shaft Key Balancer Gear Output End Tighten Stud Washerl0Output End Washer Crank Shaft Timing Gear Key6 x 50Crank Shaft Plunger6Key5 x 12Key5 x 14Flywheel Flywheel Nut Washer Flywheel Nut Starter Pulley Bolt M6 x 12Crank ShaftDescription Air Cleaner Bottom Case Assem.Bolt Wing Nut M6Air Cleaner Element Assem.Air Cleaner Cover Assem.Shockproof Sealing Assem.Nut M8Intake Pipe Air Cleaner Gasket Washer (7)Air Cleaner AssemblyRef No.12345678910Part No.186F-07300186F-07301GB6177-86186F-07100186F-07200186F-07203GB62-88186F-07401186F-07001GB97.1-85Qty. 1 1 3 1 1 2 1 1 1 1Qty. 2 2 1 11Ref No.12345(8)Camshaft AssemblyPart No.186F-0610O 186F- 06003186F- 06002GB 1096-79186F- 06001Description Valve Rod Assem.Valve Tappet Camshaft Timing Gear Key 5 x 12Camshaft(9)Silencer AssemblyQty. 1 6 8 2 2 2 1 2 1 1 1Ref No.12345678186FG123Part No.186F- 08100GB5787-86GB97.1-85GB6170-86GB859-87GB97.1-85 -186F- 08200GB5787-86186FG- 08000GB5783-86GB97.1-85Description Case Welded Assem.Bolt M6 x 8Gasket 6Nut M8Washer8Gasket 8 --Silencer Welded Assem.Bolt M6 ~ 12Silencer Assembly Bolt M8 x 15Washer 8(10)Lube Oil SystemQty. 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1Ref No.11-12345678910Part No.GB5787-86GB5787-86186F- 09001GB3452.1-92186F-09101186F- 09103186F- 09102GB 119-86186F- 09002GB3452.1-92186F- 09200Description Bolt M6 x 12Bolt H6 x 14Oil Pump Butt Plate O-Ring34.5 x 1.8Inner Rotator Outer Rotator Oil Pump shaft Pin B3 x 16Oil Pump Gear O-Ring25 x 2.4Oil Filter Assem.(11)Fuel Tank Fuel Pipe AssemblyQty. 1 1 1 4 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 2 1 1 1!. 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 4 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 3Ref No.123456789101112131415161718192021222324186FG1234567891011121314151617181920Part No.GB5787-86186F- 10003186F- 10001186F- 10002186F- 10013186F- 10012186F- 10005186F- 10006186F- 10008GB5786-86186F- 10600GB5787-86GB6177-86186F- 10400GB3452-92186F- 10011186F- 10009186F- 10007186F- 10300186F- 10500186F- 10200186F- 10004186F- 10102186F- 10100186FG- 10003186FG- 10200186FG- 10004186FG- 10011186FG- 10012186FG- 10607GB97.1-85186FG- 10601GB869-76186FG- 10602186FG- 1060:GB869-76186FG- 10604186FG- 10606186FG- 10605186FG- 10001186FG- 10002186FG- 10100GB97.1-85GB5786-86Description BoltM8 x 50Bolt Upper Stay Damper Clamp Fuel Oil Retum Pipe Clamp Gauge Pipe washer BoltMl2 x 1.25x 14Lower Stay Assem.BoltM6 ~ 14Nut M6Fuel Tank CockAssem.O-Ringl3.2 x 1.8Clamp Fuel Oil Pipe Fuel Oil Filter Gasket Filter Element Assem.Fuel Injection Pipe Assem Fuel Tank Welded Assem.Fuel Oil Filter Gasket Fuel Tank Cap Assem.Adjusting Hole Cover Fuel Tank Welded Assem.Fuel Tank Damper Connecting Plate Connecting Plate Gasket Circlip Washer 2Floater Rivet 3 x 5Swing Bar Fuel Indicator Rivet 2.5 x 24Pointer Support Sealing Bush Pointer Window Support Filter Cup Filter Cup Supporting Ring Fuel Tank Cap Assem.Washer 5Bolt M5 x 14Description Delivery Holder Delivery Spring Delivery Seal Gasket Delivery Valve Core Delivery Seat Joint O-Ring F.I. Pump Body Plunger Shim Set Pin2 x 6 Packing 0il Control Muff Welded Assem. Steel Wire Retainer Pin3 x 8 Spring Seat Plug Spring Spring Seat Tappet (12)Fuel Injection Pump AssemblyRef No.12345678910111213141516171819Part No.11.413.372.00111.414. 628.00111.410.100.00511.418.502.10811.418.600.20311.413.373.00111.400 .210.00411.415.101.001 11.418.205. 501 11.410.050.001 GB879-86 11. 415 .700.004 11.410.326.003 11.410.224.001 GB879-86 11.410.506.001 11.414.633.001 11.410.330.003 11. 418.731.001Qty. 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1(13)Governor & Control SystemQty.1111111211111221112211211111111111Rcf No.123456789101112131415161718192021186FG12345678910111213Part No.186F-11311186F- 11006186F-11312186F-11401186F- 11301GB5787-86GB5787-86GB6172-86186F- 11403186F- 11402186F- 11005186F- 11007186F-11100GBl17-86 186F- 11003 186FG-11008 186F-11102 186F- 11004 186F- 11001 186F- 11002 186F-11101 186FG- 11303 186FG- 11302 186FG-11012 186FG-11005 186FG- 11307 GB97.1-85 GB5783-86 GB5782-86 GB6173-86 186FG- 11306 186FG- 11305 186FG- 11302 186FG-11301Descnption Control Handle Return Spring 1I Pull Rod Head Handle Bracket Handle Bolt M6 ~ 14Bolt M6 x 18Nut M6Pull Bolt High Speed Limit Screw Return Spring I Governor Spring Lever Fork Part Pin B3 x 22 Washer Lever Shaft Oil Seal Lever shaft Tappet Speed Regulator Fly Block Fly Block Pin Lever Fork Handle Shaft Handle shaft Gasket Governor Spring Return Spring High Speed Limit Screw Washer6 Bolt M6 x 12 Bolt M6 x 45 Nut M10 x 1.25 Bowl Cap Spring Handle Bracket Handle(14)Reeoil Starter Assembly(15)Cooling Device AssemblyQty. 1 1 4 4 5 5Ref No.123456Part No.186F- 17003186F- 17100186F- 17002186F- 17001GB96-85GB5787-86Description Shock Absorber Seat Fan Case Welded Assem Shock Absorber Bush Bush Washer 6Bolt M6 x 22Qty. 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 4Ref No.1234566-1789101112Part No.GB6170-86GB93-87186F- 14002186F- 14004186F- 14011186F- 14008186F- 14001-01186F- 14001186F - 14006186F- 14007186F- 14005186F- 14100GB5787-86Description Nut M8Washer 8Friction Plate Starter Ratchet Gland Return Spring Starter Katchet Starter Ratchet Axle Reel Spiral Spring Starter Handle Starter Rope Case Assem.Bolt M6 x 12APPENDIX 4.Malfunction and remedy of diesel engine 4-1sLimited WarrantyAMICO provides a one-year limited warranty for AMICO generators. All products covered by this limited warranty which are used in commercial applications are warranted to be free of defects in material and workmanship for 90 days from the date of original purchase. AMICO warrants to the original purchaser that the alternator and engine for its portable generator will be free from the defects in materials or workmanship for the items and period set forth below from the date of original purchase.During warranty period, AMICO will repair or replace any part that, upon examination by AMICO, is found to be defective under normal use and service. Starting batteries are not warranted by AMICO. All transportation cost under warranty including return to the factory if necessary, are to be prepaid by the purchaser. All decisions of AMICO with regard to this limited warranty shall be final.This warranty does not cover:1.Merchandise sold as reconditioned, used as rental equipment, or floor or display models.2.Merchandise that has become damaged or inoperative because of ordinary wear, misuse, cold, heat, rain, excessive humidity, freeze damage, use of improper chemicals, negligence, accident, over loading, over speeding, improper maintenance, the use of accessories or attachments not recommended by AMICO, or unauthorized repair or alterations.3.Expendable parts or accessories supplied with the product which are expected to become inoperative or unusable after a reasonable period of use.4.Any incidental, indirect or consequential loss, damage, or expense thatmay result from any defects, failure or malfunction of the products is not covered by this warranty.For service, please e-mail to or fax to 562-908-1899, Warranty service can be performed only by AMICO authorized service facility. This warranty will not apply to service at any other facility. At the time of requesting warranty service, evidence of original purchase date must be presented.PRODUCT REGISTRATION CARDFor more efficient customer service, please fill out the information below and mail to our produce Warranty and Registration Division:Amico International Corp.4825 Gregg Road,Pico Rivera, CA 90660, U.S.ATel: 562-908-0088 Fax: 562-908-1899Website: Model No.Engine Serial No.Purchase Date. / / Purchased from:[ ] Retail location [ ] Private Consumer [ ] OtherNameAddressTelephone w/area code Purchase PricePurchased: [ ] NEW or [ ] USEDConsumer information :Name Telephone w/area codeAddress Suite or Apt No.City State Zip CodeCountryAre you a: [ ] Business or [ ] ResidenceProduct Usage Information :How often will you use this product?[ ] Everyday [ ] Periodically[ ] Emergency use only [ ]OtherWhat type of application will you use this produce in ?[ ]Heavy Commercial [ ]Moderate Commercial[ ]Light Commercial [ ] Tradeshows[ ] Heavy residential [ ] Moderate Residential[ ]Light Residential [ ]Camping, backpacking[ ]OtherIMPORTANT I NFORIJAT I ONIt is critical to your warranty that the original point of sales receipt be retained by current consumer, and in order to comply with our product Warranty Statement you must return this registration card within 15 days of original purchase. Product warranty is valid from original date of purchase.List for comments from usersDate of ManufactureModel Number Name of userOccupation Address of userPlace of purchasePackaging conditionsOperating conditionsParts ConditionsMalfunction problemOpinions or suggestionsNote: Please mail the above card to:Amico International Corp.4825 Gregg Road,Pico Rivera, CA 90660, U.S.ATel: 562-908-0088 Fax: 562-908-1899Website: 。

Rolls-Royce Bergen B35 40V20 自然气燃烧中速生成集系列商业产品介绍说明书

Medium-speed generating sets POWER PLANTSOLUTIONSPOWER PLANT SOLUTIONS120 MWe Power Plant in MozambiqueThe plant is based on 13 B35:40V20 natural gas firedmedium-speed generating sets from Bergen Enginesand is covered by a 15 year service agreement.Rolls-Royce medium-speed generating sets are manufactured by thesubsidiary Bergen Engines in Norway.Through digitalization and electrification, we develop efficient andflexible power generation solutions. We deliver and service powerfuland reliable systems, based on both gas and liquid fuel reciprocatingengines.Our fast-starting generating sets are ideal to support intermittentrenewable energy sources, ensuring clean and reliable power withmaximised efficiency 24/7.With a variety of installations across the world, we are trusted to delivercomplete power solutions to a variety of applications, such as utilities,independent power producers, manufacturing facilities, greenhouses,healthcare, mining sites and nuclear power plants.The modular design of a power plant based on generating sets, ensuresthat any future expansions can be done easily, by adding units, and themulti-unit concept also enhances overall plant reliability.03Power plant solutionsMedium-speed generating setsLow emissions and proven technologyOur latest gas engine series can achieve up to 50% efficiency in opencycle, with emissions kept to a minimum. The engines deliver highefficiency levels at partial loads, and are designed for minimalde-rating at higher altitudes and adverse site conditions. This,together with fast start-up times, transient response, and highavailability, makes our gas engines a perfect match for intermittentrenewable energy that needs balancing power. Our liquid fuelengines meet the strictest environmental regulations, and are anexcellent option when gas is not available. The modularity of ourB3X:45 series makes it possible to rebuild the engine to gas operation(or vice versa), if the fuel supply should change, reducing anyinvestment risk.Grid balancingWith a lot of renewable energy in the electricity networks, frequencyand voltage stability can become challenging due to the large andfast variations in power output from renewables. Frequency may alsobe less stable because the rotating inertia of synchronous systems isreduced. As a consequence, other power sources must be moreflexible, have fast starting capabilities, respond to rapid load changes,and be able to start and stop frequently. Our medium-speed generating sets meet these requirements. With multiple units, cascading operation provides the required flexibility, with high efficiency also at part load operation. To ensure grid stability, grid code certification is becoming a requirement, particularly in countries with a lot of renewable energy. We are investing in a test facility that will make sure we always comply with national grid regulations. Power-to-X and carbon neutral fuels With intermittent renewables, power supply will sometimes exceed demand, and this surplus energy can be used to produce synthetic fuels (power-to-x) such as methane gas. The resulting carbon-neutral gas can be used in our gas-powered engines without any need for modifications. Hydrogen, ammonia or liquid methanol are examples of other carbon neutral fuels, if produced with surplus energy from renewables, that may become relevant for power generation. Such carbon neutral fuels can be effective decarbonization agents, using conventional power generation equipment such as reciprocating engines. The modularized design of our engines will make a potential rebuild, so that the engines can be operated on ammonia, hydrogen or other synthetic fuels, possible without extensive modifications. POWER SOLUTIONS FOR A SUSTAINABLE FUTUREGas-fired power is likely to play an important role in the energy mixtowards 2050, along with increasingly more renewable energy.Additionally, the power industry is moving away from big, often coal-fired, centralized power plants, towards smaller, decentralizedmicrogrids. Along with variable renewables, comes the need forstabilizing power. Medium-speed Bergen engines provide dispatchable, flexible and economic power 24/7.1204Power plant solutionsMedium-speed generating setsHybrid power solutionsHybrid power solutions such as microgrids are typically powersystems that team renewable energy sources with energy storagesystems and generating sets, ensuring the that the right amounts ofelectricity are supplied reliably, efficiently and in an environmentallyfriendly manner with central control. Changes in both supply anddemand require smart asset management to determine what powersources are to be used to supply energy to the end user, and when tofeed the storage system.Power supply to remote locationsMicrogrids can supply energy autonomously to remote locations,such as mining operations, rural areas or islands with no access to thepublic grid. When operated in parallel with existing infrastructure,they can provide an environmentally friendly supply of electric powerto industrial companies such as data centres, or local communitieswhile simultaneously providing support for the public grid. Power system resiliency Microgrids also makes a country’s energy supply more robust and stable, for instance in the case of natural disasters. A microgrid can quickly restore power supply to buildings, and even only to critical services within a facility. Microgrids can provide a reliable and resilient solution in a situation with main-grid instability or outages. That’s why data centres, hospitals and other businesses where energy supply is critical, have relied on microgrids for decades. The combination of rising total electricity generation and the high penetration of renewables will require increased demand for dispatchable back-up power. With medium-speed Rolls-Royce engines, stable power supply 24/7 is guaranteed.EFFICIENT AND RELIABLE ENERGY WITH HYBRID POWER SOLUTIONS1 CO2 reductionReducing CO 2 is critical to meet target in the ParisAgreement and stay below 2°C global warming.2 Population end electricity demand growthWorld electricity demand is expected to more thandouble from 2018 to 2050.05Power plant solutionsMedium-speed generating setsCombined heat and power (CHP) and trigenerationIn many cases where power is generated, there is also a need for heat,or the heat can be dispatched where needed in the surroundingcommunity. Waste heat from the engines can be efficiently used togenerate steam or hot water for industrial processes, or to drive acombined cycle, with a heat recovery boiler and a steam turbine. Thewaste heat can also be used to heat water, that is then used fordistrict heating. Tri-generation includes the production of cooling inaddition to electricity and heat. By sending the exhaust heat to anabsorption chiller, cooled water can be used for air conditioning orrefrigeration. Maximised exploitation of the generating sets will makeyou independent of the national grid, ensuring predictableproduction costs with the possibility to sell excess energy to otherusers.Benefits:• Energy efficiency beyond 95%• Low emissions with lean-burn gas engines• Scalable concept if more power/heat is needed• Increased profits and independency from the grid• Superfluous heat and electricity can be sold to other users Utilization of the CO 2Carbon dioxide from the engines can be cleaned and reused in greenhouses to boost the growth rate. This way the natural CO 2 levels in the greenhouse atmosphere is enriched to fertilise the growth, by creating the perfect environmental balance. The generated electricity is typically used to power the grow lights, while the exhaust heat is used for heating, and any superfluous electricity or heat can be sold to the grid or to nearby communities. CO 2 can also be used in other industrial processes for the production of carbonated soft drinks. SMART ENERGY SOLUTIONS WITH COMBINED HEAT AND POWERTo cater for the increasing future energy demand, smart energy solutions with maximised efficiency levels will be important to limit emissions. By exploiting the heat emitted from the generating sets,efficiency can reach beyond 95%. This is good for the environment, and an excellent way to reduce operating costs.Maximised plant efficiencyCHP andtrigenerationensures beyond95%EFFICIENCY 12 1 District heating Rolls-Royce medium-speed gas engines already provide environmentally friendly district heating tomore than 70 communities in Europe.2 G reenhouseRolls-Royce has delivered gas engines forgreenhouse projects since 2005, with more than270 MWe total installed capacity.06Power plant solutionsMedium-speed generating setsFLEXIBLE OPERATION AND DELIVERY Rolls-Royce provides reliable, high-performance power solutions for any operational mode. The modular design of a power plant based on generating sets, ensures that any future expansions can be done easily, by adding units. The multi-unit concept also enhances overall plant reliability.Baseload, peaking and grid support Our generating sets supply continuous power to the grid with up to 98% availability. Servicedowntime is easily catered for with an N+ 1/N+2 configuration. Ensuring 100% power plant output 365days a year. Typical applications include combined heat and power (industries, greenhouses, public utilities).To compensate for intermittent renewable generation and other instabilities in a power grid, fastback-up power is key. The fast start and ramp-up capabilities of our flexible generating sets ensurethat the grid stability is managed efficiently, both at high and low loads, giving you optimal fuel economy and low emissions.Fast power supply to meet periods of heavy demand, often on an infrequent basis, is efficiently metwith our fast start mode. Our engines can ramp up to full load in 2 minutes, and the number of startsand stops is unlimited, and does not affect the maintenance program or equipment lifetime. Peakingmode can be exploited to benefit from the spot market tariffs. Plant flexibilityA complete power plant based on Rolls-Royce medium-speedgenerating sets can be built in less than 12 months, also in areas withpoor infrastructure. If additional power is required at a later stage,the modular concept makes it easy to extend the power plant, simplyby adding more engine modules. Hence, capital investment can bedone gradually, as the need for electricity rises. The small footprintmakes an engine based power plant ideal both in remote locations tosupport incomplete grids, as well as in high demand areas such as bigcities. Medium-speed for high reliability and low operating costs Rolls-Royce medium-speed engines are characterized by high efficiency and operating costs, with optimized part-load capability. With a Long Term Service Agreement (LTSA), our trained service personnel take care of maintenance, ensuring predictable costs and maximum availability. The generating sets will deliver reliable power for more than 25 years of operation. 07Power plant solutionsMedium-speed generating setsWe often engage with local contractors as they may be best suited for parts of an EPC delivery, and depending on the prevailing situation, the optimal split of tasks can be identified.Project planningWe can provide expert advice and recommendations, support with feasibility studies, manage communications with local authorities to gain the necessary approvals, take care of grid code compliance, emissions regulations, and other environmental factors related to the power plant footprint. In the concept phase, we adapt the project to ensure all requirements are met, and develop a proposal for a power plant layout and system solution.Scope flexibilityThe illustration on the previous page indicates how we would typically split the delivery scopes into various levels from O1-O4 for a typical standard power plant. But we are flexible, and any components can be removed or added to our scope according to your specific needs or requirements. All equipment and system solutions we supply undergo thorough factory testing, commissioning and verification of performance at site. Each project is assigned a project manager who follows the entire process from contract to project handover. System integrationOur dedicated engineering team repeatedly delivers reliable solutions for multi generating set power plants as well as for single-unit installations. Our engineering disciplines cover all areas of complete power plants ranging from civil, building structures and services,fire-fighting, foundations, support structures, air intake and ventilation, exhaust, fuel systems, control and electrical systems. Our modularized solutions can easily be integrated to microgrids and/or other hybrid solutions with renewable energy.Long Term Service AgreementsWith our flexible offering of service agreements, you can get a service package that is adapted to your actual situation and needs, all the way from spare parts delivery and technical support on-demand, up to operation and maintenance. Read more on the following pages. Remote monitoringAll generating sets are delivered with built-in remote monitoring capabilities. Remote monitoring of your power plant will ensure error prevention, unnecessary downtime and reduced operating costs. You can manage your power plant equipment from anywhere in the world, and get first-hand technical support with possibility for remote access when needed. The concept is simple and cost-effective, giving you peace of mind, and assurance that your power plant is performing at its best, always.INVOLVEMENT AT EVERY STAGEOF THE PROJECTMany suppliers talk about flexibility, but at Bergen Engines we really mean it. Each power plant project is different, and each customer has different requirements, so we adapt our approach and scope accordingly. We have all the power generation and power management expertise and will assist you through the entire process, from the planning stage, all the way to a complete power plant.1 Typical scope levels 09Power plant solutions Medium-speed generating setsThe B3X:45-seriesCompact and powerfulThe B36:45L8 engine delivers 5290 kWe with a very small footprint.There’s a proud tradition behind the Rolls-Royce medium-speed generating sets from Bergen Engines. These are robust, reliable and extremely powerful reciprocating engines that meet the strictest environmental requirements.Lean-burn gas pioneersBergen Engines was a pioneer in developing the modern lean-burn gas engine technology, which has been applied to several hundred engines, and which has been developed continuously since the first gas engine was released to the market in 1991. This gas engine is still in operation. We have developed a portfolio of engines that can run on natural gas or biogas - enabling power plant owners to operate with minimum emissions and at class-leading efficiency levels. Designed from scratch to be clean, quick to respond and very fuel efficient, the medium-speed gas engines have proven their reliability over millions of running hours. The highly reliable C-series and the larger B-series represent the latest in lean-burn gas technology, delivering rapid response times and long intervals between overhauls. Powerful and reliable liquid fuel enginesLiquid fuel engines from Bergen Engines are delivering reliable power worldwide. A combination of high performance, reliability andcost-effective operation ensure powerful customer benefits. Our liquid fuel engines are designed to meet customer needs for power, flexibility and ease of maintenance. All our liquid fuel engines are optimised for operation in combination with an SCR (Selectic Catalytic Reduction) system, resulting in considerable reductions of NOx emissions.Both the gas and liquid fuel variants have been designed from the outset for variable speed and variable load. The engines are serviced on site, delivering reliable power for more than 25 years.Rolls-Royce medium-speed benefits:—Excellent fuel economy and low emissions over the full operating range—Reliable power—Low lubricating oil consumption (no need to change the oil)—Proven low life-cycle costs—Robust, simple and modularised design for easy maintenance —Equipment health monitoring—Fast load response—Low vibration/structural noise—Compact and modular design with a low weight construction —Easy installation—Cylinder pressure monitoring (CPM) for improved load control, and possibility for diagnostics per cylinder (Gas engines)ROLLS-ROYCE MEDIUM-SPEED GENERATING SETSHigh availability and low operating costsA complete power range11 Power plant solutionsMedium-speed generating setsWhen plant availability and performance are essential, rely onRolls-Royce service professionals. We believe in standing by our customers throughout the entire service life of their equipment. It’s why more than 80% of our operating plants around the world are covered by Long Term Service Agreements (LTSA), which provide planned and unplanned service support from highly trained and experienced service engineers. In fact, several of these customers have relied on us for more than 20 years - a testament to the effectiveness of the LTSA concept.Tailored service agreementsEvery LTSA is tailored to suit the unique operational needs of the customer, based on an agreed scope of services (including Balance of Plant).The agreements are individually configured to meet the characteristics of the application they serve, taking into account the available local infrastructure. The LTSA scope is split into four different levels (see overview on next page), ranging from nearly independent customer operation to full operational reliance on Rolls-Royce, with the option to customize service based on the unique needs and requirements of the customer.The plant owner’s involvement in planned and unplanned maintenance may vary, and often depends on the skills and experience of plant personnel.TrainingTraining is a key element of most agreements because it helps operators establish optimal maintenance and monitoring routines. Our training packages impart necessary system understanding and technical skills, reducing the risk of major problems that arise from minor incidents. To ensure plant stability and efficiency, and reduce equipment wear and tear, there’s no substitute for professionally trained operators.We help you set up your ideal service solution, to accommodate your needs and give you peace of mind.PROFESSIONAL SERVICE ENSURES HIGH PLANT AVAILABILITYMaximise plant availability and performanceIncreased availability with health management Preventive maintenance is ensured with remote monitoring and support of your equipment. Many issues can be solved on the fly with real-time data from the plant. Photo credits: Jane Stockdale Maximised plant availability and reliabilityWe deliver technical support from highly skilled service engineers. An LTSA ensures predictable maintenance with fixed price per hour rating, and less downtime thanks to contingency stock.12Power plant solutionsMedium-speed generating setsThe share of medium-speed customers with an LTSA is more than80%We deliver on-site training of plant operators in daily/weekly/monthly service activities, while scheduled service and equipment tuning is typically performed by Rolls-Royce professionals.EXPERIENCE ACROSS THE GLOBEReference projectsCHP - Czech RepublicOwner C-EnergyPlace Tabór, Czech RepublicGenset 4 x B35:40V20 + 2 x B36:45V20Total output 37MWe + 23 MWe FuelNatural gasThe success of the first batch of Rolls-Royce engines resulted in the delivery of two of our new B36:45V20 engines, which were delivered in 2019.Owner Gigawatt MozambiquePlace Ressano Garcia, Mozambique Genset 13 x B35:40V20AG2Total output 120 MWe FuelNatural gasThe Ressano Garcia power plant delivers reliable power to the Mozambique national electricity grid. It has the capacity to provide electrical power to 250.000 households.Baseload - MyanmarOwner Zeya & AssociatesPlace Yangon, Myanmar Genset 3 x B35:40V20AG2Total output 28 MWe FuelNatural gasThe prefabricated power plant concept significantly reduced the installation effort at site. The IPP deliver reliable power to the Yangon national grid.Baseload - MozambiqueCHP - MexicoOwner UENPlace Agua Prieta, Sonora Genset 2 x B35:40V20AG2Total output 18 MWe FuelNatural gasThe power plant delivers electricity to companies in the area, and the waste heat is sent to a chilling plant for refrigeration of agricultural warehouses.14Power plant solutionsMedium-speed generating setsOwner Marc PittorsPlace Koningshooikt, Belgium Genset 2 x B36:45L6AG Total output 7 MWe FuelNatural gasThe generated electricity is used to power the greenhouse with artificial lighting, and the waste heat heats up the facility. Cleaned CO 2 is used to boost plant growth.Owner EnergypacPlace Chittagong, Bangladesh Genset 16 x B32:40V16AG Total output 112 MWe FuelLiquid fuelThis power plant delivers electricity to Chittagong, the second largest city ofBangladesh. Because of the multi-unit concept, the single units can be run at almost full load at all times, switching off units when demand is low, and maximising efficiency.Owner ViscofánPlace Cáseda (Navarra)Genset 4 x B35:40V20AG + 1 x B35:40V12AG + 2 x B36:45L6AG + 1 x KVGS18G3Total output 50 MWe FuelNatural gasThe 8 engines deliver reliable energy to a meat products wrapping factory, ensuring high availability of the plant at all times.Owner IMG MidstreamPlace Alpaca and Milan, Pennsylvania Genset 6 x B35:40V16AG Total output 40 MWe FuelNatural gasThe two power plants with three gensets each deliver grid support electricity to the local grid, using locally produced natural gas.Greenhouse - BelgiumBaseload - BangladeshIndustrial CHP - SpainGrid support - USA15Power plant solutionsMedium-speed generating sets01 20。

红磷阻燃剂含量标准-概述说明以及解释

红磷阻燃剂含量标准-概述说明以及解释1.引言1.1 概述概述部分的内容应该是对于整篇文章的主题进行简要介绍和总结。

下面是一个可能的概述部分的内容示例：引言红磷阻燃剂在防火领域具有重要的应用价值和意义。

随着人们对于防火安全的关注度不断提高，红磷阻燃剂含量的标准也变得越来越重要。

本文旨在探讨红磷阻燃剂含量标准的重要性、红磷阻燃剂的作用和应用领域，以及红磷阻燃剂含量标准的制定与实施情况。

通过对这些内容的分析和探讨，可以帮助读者更好地了解红磷阻燃剂含量标准的背景和现状，以及将来可能的发展方向。

进一步推动红磷阻燃剂含量标准的完善和更新，提高防火安全水平，保障人民生命财产安全。

1.2文章结构文章结构：本文主要包括以下几个部分。

第一部分为引言部分，包括概述、文章结构和目的。

在概述部分，将介绍红磷阻燃剂作为一种重要的阻燃材料在各个领域的应用情况。

文章结构部分将概述文章的整体结构，帮助读者了解文章的组织和内容。

在目的部分，将明确本文的研究目标和意义。

第二部分为正文部分，包括红磷阻燃剂的作用和应用领域。

在红磷阻燃剂的作用部分，将介绍红磷阻燃剂的主要作用机理和原理，以及在阻燃领域的重要作用。

在红磷阻燃剂的应用领域部分，将详细介绍红磷阻燃剂在建筑材料、电子电器、汽车等行业的具体应用情况，以及其在各个领域的发展趋势。

第三部分为结论部分，包括红磷阻燃剂含量标准的重要性和制定与实施。

在红磷阻燃剂含量标准的重要性部分，将阐述红磷阻燃剂含量标准对于保障产品安全性、环境保护以及推动相关工业发展的重要意义。

在红磷阻燃剂含量标准的制定与实施部分，将介绍相关标准的制定过程和依据，并探讨其在实际应用中的执行情况和反馈效果。

通过以上几个部分的论述，旨在全面介绍红磷阻燃剂含量标准的重要性和实施情况，为相关行业和决策者提供参考和指导，促进红磷阻燃剂的健康发展和应用推广。

目的部分的内容可以如下所示：1.3 目的本文的目的是探讨红磷阻燃剂含量标准的重要性，并分析其制定与实施的必要性。

瞬材料阻燃剂-概述说明以及解释

瞬材料阻燃剂-概述说明以及解释1.引言1.1 概述瞬材料阻燃剂是一种在瞬材料中应用的特殊化学添加剂，它能够有效地提高瞬材料的阻燃性能。

随着科技和工业的发展，瞬材料的应用范围越来越广泛，但其火灾安全性问题却引起了人们的关注。

因此，开发高效的阻燃剂对于保障瞬材料的安全使用至关重要。

在本文中，我们将着重介绍瞬材料阻燃剂的相关知识和应用前景。

首先，我们将对瞬材料进行定义和特点的概述，以便读者对该材料有一个基本的了解。

其次，我们将详细讨论阻燃剂的作用和分类，说明不同类型的阻燃剂在提高瞬材料阻燃性能方面的作用机制和优缺点。

在结论部分，我们将展望瞬材料阻燃剂的应用前景，指出其在建筑、电子、交通等领域的潜在应用价值。

同时，我们也将探讨发展瞬材料阻燃剂所面临的挑战，并提出相应的解决方案，为瞬材料阻燃剂的进一步研发和应用提供参考。

通过本文的阅读，读者将对瞬材料阻燃剂有一个全面的了解，有助于更好地应用和推广这一技术，提高瞬材料的安全性能，保障人们的生命财产安全。

1.2文章结构本文主要结构如下：1. 引言1.1 概述1.2 文章结构1.3 目的2. 正文2.1 瞬材料的定义和特点2.2 阻燃剂的作用和分类3. 结论3.1 瞬材料阻燃剂的应用前景3.2 发展瞬材料阻燃剂的挑战和解决方案在正文部分，我们将首先介绍瞬材料的定义和特点。

瞬材料是一种在受到外部刺激时能够迅速改变其物理性质的材料，其主要特点包括快速响应、可控性和多功能性等。

接下来，我们将详细讨论阻燃剂的作用和分类。

阻燃剂是一种能够减缓材料燃烧速度或防止材料燃烧的物质，其作用通过干扰燃烧过程中的化学反应或物理过程来实现。

根据不同的作用机制和化学结构，阻燃剂可以分为气相阻燃剂、凝相阻燃剂和界面阻燃剂等几类。

最后，在结论部分，我们将探讨瞬材料阻燃剂的应用前景。

由于瞬材料的快速响应和可控性，加上阻燃剂的作用，瞬材料阻燃剂在多个领域具有广阔的应用前景，如建筑、航空航天、汽车等。

ul935中文1

UL935 总则1．范围1．1 本标准的这些要求，适用于荧光灯用的电阻、电抗和电子（固态）型镇流器，其电压包括按国家电气规范NFPA70所规定的2500V及以下之规格。

1．2 荧光灯镇流器可以在支架或其它装置上，用荧光灯以外的放电灯来审核确定其是否适用。

1．3 包含有性能、特性、元件、材料或当标准发展后，在使用上就成为新的或有差别的系统上的产品，以及包括那些有着火、触电或对人体伤害危险的产品，须用相应附件经贸终端产品的要求进行评价，来确定必需保持的由本标准原来所预期的对产品使用权用者的安全水平。

第1.3条于1990年7月17日增加2．术语2．1 下列定义适用于本标准。

2．1A 镇流器——利用电抗或电阻，以单个或组合的方式，为了适当的工作而限制灯管电流至规定值，并且，如有需要，提供足够的启动电压的装置。

此外，对于快速启动线路的场合，还提供用于低压灯丝加热的装置。

第2.1A条于1990年7月17日增加2.1B 小型荧光灯——所有接线触头集中在承担全部机械支承作用的单个底座上的一种外型细小（例如折叠结构）的一种荧光灯。

第2.1B条于1991年12月12日增加2．2 处理过的灯管——至少经过100h工作的新灯管2．3 不激活灯管——由于灯丝发射物质耗尽，因而灯管不能被电离而造成寿命终结的灯管。

2．4 电子镇流器——一种包含受纯功元件（晶体管、可控硅及类似元件）控制的高频转换装置的，并且由串联容抗或感抗与灯一起，为适应高的转换频率而提供稳定阻抗的一种镇流器。

第2.4条于1990年7月17日修改2．5 固定式镇流器——被定作永久性电气连接的镇流器。

2．6 瞬时启动电路——利用高的开路电压来启动灯管的电路，通常，此种灯管每端有一个单触头。

2．7 超前——滞后电路——一个灯串联感而另一个串联电容来提高功率因数的一种双灯电路。

通常，这种电路既可以是瞬时启动、也可以是预热电路的一部分。

2．8 电力电容器——被连接成（1）与一个或数个灯管串联，并对灯管电流提供稳流阻抗，或（2）为了校正功率因数而跨接镇流器的输入引线或跨接原边绕组抽头的一种电容器。

世界主要国家的阻燃标准及规定

车辆的耐火性能solasii20章船舶材料法国nfc32070电线电缆的阻燃耐火性能afnor1985建筑材料标准gtm001bnfp92503507铁路车utec20452utec20453utec20454低发烟低有害气体试验nep92505材料燃烧试验辆用材料nfp9205汽车用材料意大利un18456cserf175aun18457cserf175aun19174cserf377un19175cserf483建筑材料日本ul94燃烧试验jisa1321建设省告示1231号jisa9511jis1201汽车内装材料fmvss302汽车内装材料运输省铁道8铁道车辆用材料澳大利亚2420炽热电阻丝试验表面漏电痕迹试验2电线电缆遵照iec332331正在研究与ds6977大致相同的内容正在研究引进发烟性能的标准按照标准as15301材料燃烧性能as15302材料燃烧性能as15303材料燃烧试验k156发泡聚苯乙烯标准韩国ul94ul1410ul1270ul746d均与日本标准一样都是仿效ul标准朝鲜阻燃协会标准的第112条38条40条
SS299.1(建筑物电线的燃烧试验)按 S S275.1(电话线动力电缆套管标准试验) 电线电缆中
无专门标准有配线规定源自参照美国、日本、欧洲的的标准
(1)IS(印度标准)5831 必须使用氧指数 29 以上的材料
印度
(2)IEC832(第 1 部分)、瑞典标准 425 尚无建筑材料的标准，现正在制定 -14-75 级 P3 套管应符合上述标准
9.3 面板背胶——如产品撕开控制面板后，测试指或测试销能够接触带电部分，则面板背胶必须取得 UL 认证，并且要求认证类型是 PGGU2； 9.4 发热组件固定双面胶——必须取得 UL 认证，并且要求认证类型是 PGGU2；

分子筛阻燃剂-概述说明以及解释

分子筛阻燃剂-概述说明以及解释1.引言1.1 概述概述分子筛阻燃剂是一种在防火领域中应用较为广泛的材料。

随着人们对火灾安全的重视程度不断提高，对阻燃剂的需求也日益增长。

分子筛阻燃剂作为一种高效、环境友好的防火材料，受到了广泛的关注和研究。

该阻燃剂以分子筛为载体，通过调节载体的结构和改变其表面性质，使之具备良好的阻燃性能。

其内部孔隙结构能够吸附并稳定阻燃剂分子，形成一种独特的化学吸附结构。

当火源接触到带有分子筛阻燃剂的材料时，分子筛中的吸附物质会在高温下释放出反应性物质，与火源中的自由基反应，阻止火焰的蔓延和燃烧过程，起到有效的阻燃作用。

分子筛阻燃剂广泛应用于建筑、电子、航空航天、交通运输等领域。

在建筑领域，添加分子筛阻燃剂的建材可以大幅提高建筑物的防火性能，减少火灾的发生和蔓延。

在电子领域，分子筛阻燃剂可应用于电路板、电线电缆等材料中，有效增强电子元器件的耐火性能，提高设备的安全性。

在航空航天和交通运输领域，分子筛阻燃剂也被广泛应用于航空器、汽车等交通工具的制造中，以确保人员和财产的安全。

尽管分子筛阻燃剂在防火领域中表现出很多优点，如高效性、环境友好性和稳定性等，但仍然存在一些挑战和不足之处。

例如，一些分子筛阻燃剂在高温下可能会失去活性，导致阻燃效果下降。

此外，分子筛阻燃剂的研发和生产成本较高，限制了其在某些领域的广泛应用。

然而，随着科学技术的不断进步和研究的深入，分子筛阻燃剂的研发和改进也在不断进行。

未来，随着对防火材料需求的增加和技术的不断革新，分子筛阻燃剂将有更广阔的应用前景，并为提高火灾安全做出更大的贡献。

1.2文章结构文章结构部分的内容可以包括以下几个方面的讨论:1.2 文章结构本文将分为以下几个部分进行介绍和探讨:第一部分是引言部分，包括概述、文章结构和目的。

在概述部分，我们将介绍分子筛阻燃剂的背景和意义，以及其在阻燃领域的重要作用。

在文章结构部分，我们将详细介绍本文的组织结构和各个部分的主要内容。

卤-锑系阻燃剂的阻燃机理

卤-锑体系是以含卤有机化合物为主要成分， Sb 2O 3为协效剂的复合阻燃体系。

这类阻燃剂的阻燃作用主要是气相阻燃，也兼具一定的凝聚相阻燃作用。

含卤阻燃剂在燃烧过程中分解成HX ，而HX 能与聚合物燃烧产生的HO · 、O · 、OH · 等高活性自由基反应，生成活性较低的卤素自由基，从而减缓或终止燃烧，其反应如下：HX ＋H ·→H 2＋X ·HX ＋O ·→HO ·＋X ·HX ＋HO ·→H 2O ＋X ·因HX 的密度较空气密度大，除发生上述反应外，还能稀释空气中的氧气并覆盖于材料表面，可降低燃烧速度。

上述反应中产生的水能吸收燃烧热而被蒸发，水蒸气能起到隔氧作用。

阻燃体系中的Sb 2O 3本身不具阻燃作用，但是燃烧过程中，能与HX 反应生成三卤化锑或卤氧化锑。

其反应过程如下：Sb 2O 3＋HX （气）→ SbX 3（气）＋H 2OSb 2O 3（固）＋HX （气）−−→−℃250 SbOX （固）＋H 2O Sb 2OX （固）−−−→−℃280~250 Sb 4O 5X 2（固）＋SbX 3（气） Sb 4O 5X 2（固）−−−→−℃480~400 Sb 3O 4X （固）＋SbX 3（气） Sb 3O 4X （固）−−−→−℃560~470 Sb 2O 3（固）＋SbX 3（气）从上述反应可以看出Sb 2O 3的协同作用可以表现为以下方面。

①SbX3蒸气的密度大，能长时间停留在燃烧物表面附近，有稀释空气和覆盖作用。

②卤氧化锑的分解过程是一个吸热过程，能有效地降低聚合物表面温度。

③SbX3能与气相中的自由基反应，从而减少反应放热量而使火焰猝灭。

SbX3→X·＋SbX2·SbX3＋CH3·→CH3X＋SbX2·SbX2·＋H·→SbX·＋HXSbX2＋CH3·→CH2X·＋SbX·SbX·＋H·→Sb＋HXSbX·＋CH3·→CH3X＋Sb④上述反应中生成的Sb可与气相中O·、H·反应生成SbO·和水等产物，有助于终止燃烧。