2014精神病学基础复习题

2014精神病学基础复习题(答案在教材中)第一章1. The information-Processing Sequence in the Brain Is ①输入 ,②整合 ,3.输出2. 各种高级认知功能在大脑皮质都有明确定位。

对，3. 从神经科学角度看，眼见为实这句话是正确的。

错。

4. 简述脑损伤阻碍兴奋或抑制指令后的行为改变。

Brain injury produce either a loss of behavior or a release of behavior .Behavior is lost when the damage prevents excitatory instructions ;behavior is released when the damage prevents inhibitory instructions.第二章1. Activation of sensory neurons by external stimuli generates B. Receptor potentials2. The velocity of conduction of the nerve action potential is increased because of the .A. chloride conductanceB. sodium-potassium ATPaseC. axon hillockD. voltage-sensitive potassium channelsE. myelin sheath3.The neuron generates an action potential based on the postsynaptic potential at theA. SynapseB. Dendritic spinesC. Cell bodyD. Axon hillockE. Node of Ranvier4. An Inhibitory Post Synaptic Potential (IPSP)A. Results from the influx of sodium ions.B. Depolarizes the cell.C. Can induce seizures.D. Hyperpolarizes the cell.E. Generates an action potential5. The cell responsible for myelin in the CNS isA. Astrocyte.B. Microglia.C. Schwann cell.D. Oligodendrocyte.E. Ependymal cell.6. Postsynaptic potentials are a type ofA. receptor potentialB. resting potentialC. graded potentialD. action potentialE. digital event7. The cell which modulates electrochemical activity at the synapse isA. Astrocyte.B. Microglia.C. Schwann cell.D. Oligodendrocyte.E. Ependymal cell.8. Which of the following is true?A. Mg2+ is a common second messenger.B. Most monoamine receptors are fast receptors.C. Fast receptors typically lead to gene expression.D. Autoreceptors give negative feedback to the neuron.9. 按所需能量来源，神经细胞膜上的主动转运载体可分为几类A．2类 B. 3类 C. 4类 D. 5类 E. 6类10. In general, neurons are composed of four morphologically identified regions: (1) , (2) , (3) ,(4) .11. The Five Functions of Neurons are ①,②,③,④ ,⑤ .12. The typical chemical synapse comprises a , a , anda .13. 突触囊包中存在的主要是神经肽。

对，错。

14. 简述化学突触处的信号传递过程15. 有哪些可能的方式能影响神经细胞之间的信息传递？第三章1. Metabotropic receptors 又称为：A. G-protein-coupled receptorsB. Enzyme-linked receptorsC. Channel-linked receptorsD. Intracellular receptorsE. ligand-gated ion channels2. Which of the following is not a second messenger?A. Ca2+B. PKAC. IP3D. cAMPE. DAG3、Neurons use many different second messengers as intracellular signals. The principal secondmessengers are ①, ②, ③, and④.4. Well-characterized forms of chemical communication include ①,②, ③.5. 神经系统内的受体类型有①；②；③；④。

第四章1. Blockade of dopamine receptors in the tuberoinfundibular tract results in the increased secretionof .A. prolactinB. substance PC. norepinephrineD. serotoninE. histamine.2. Most of the cell bodies for histamine neurons reside in theA. Medullary reticular formation.B. Raphe nuclei.C. Arcuate nucleus.D. Tuberomammillary nucleus.3. Which of the following statements about the neurotransmitters is accurate?A. The nigrostriatal tract is a serotonergic tract.B. Glutamate is an inhibitory amino acid.C. Phencyclidine (PCP) acts at the level of the GABA receptors.D. Acetylcholine is synthesized from the amino acid precursor tyrosine.E. Peptide neurotransmitters are made in the cell body of the neuron.4. Which neurotransmitter is degraded in the synaptic cleft?A. AcetylcholineB. DopamineC. SerotoninD. NorepinephrineE. GABA5. In the biosynthesis of dopamine, the immediate precursor of dopamine is .A. TyrosineB. EpinephrineC. TryptophanD. DOPAE. Norepinephrine6. The two major enzymes involved in the metabolism of norepinephrine are andcatechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT).A. tyrosine hydroxylaseB. dopamine-β-hydroxylaseC. monoamine oxidase type AD. aromatic amino acid decarboxylaseE. monoamine oxidase type B7. The noradrenergic neuron cell bodies are in the .A. dorsal raphe nucleiB. substantia nigraC. nucleus basalis of MeynertD. hypothalamusE. locus ceruleus8. Serotonin is synthesized in the .A. dendriteB. cell bodyC. axonD. axonal terminalE. synaptic cleft9. Blockade which receptor can induce psychosis?A. GABA AB. Dopamine D2C. mGluR2D. AMPAE. NMDA10.A long-lasting depletion of norepinephrine and dopamine can be produced by administration ofA. AmphetamineB. ApomorphineC. ClonidineD. HaloperidolE. Reserpine11. Excessive blockade of CNS cholinergic receptors causesA. 嗜睡B. 谵妄C. 兴奋D. 强迫E. 悲伤12. The leading neurochemical hypothesis for schizophrenia isA. Dopamine hypothesisB. Serotonin hypothesisC. Norepinephrine hypothesisD. Acetylcholine hypothesisE. GABA hypothesis13. The release of the neurotransmitter is directly governed by .A. Sodium influxB. Sodium effluxC. Potassium influxD. Potassium effluxE. Calcium influx14. To open chloride channels elicit .A. resting potentialB. action potentialC. excitatory postsynaptic potentialD. inhibitory postsynaptic potentialE. membrane potential15. The enzyme required for the metabolism of acetylcholine is .A. choline acetyltransferaseB. acetyl coenzyme AC. MAOD. COMTE. acetyl cholinesterase16. Once synthesized, biogenic amine neurotransmitters are packaged into .A. synaptic cleftB. synaptic vesicleC. mitochondriaD. postsynaptic neuronE. axon hillock17. The dietary amino acid precursor of serotonin is .A. phenylalanineB. tryptophanC. tyrosineD. glycineE. neurotensin18. Which dopaminergic tract projects to most areas of the cerebral cortex?A. nigrostriatal tractB. tuberoinfundibular tractC. mesocortical tractD. mesolimbic tractE. medial forebrain tract19. The noradrenergic neuron cell bodies are in the .A. dorsal raphe nucleiB. substantia nigraC. nucleus basalis of MeynertD. hypothalamusE. locus ceruleus20. In the biosynthesis of norepinephrine, the immediate precursor of norepinephrine is .A. TyrosineB. Tyrosine hydroxylaseC. DOPAD. DopamineE. Epinephrine21. Hyperpolarization of the neuron is governed by .A. Chloride and sodiumB. Chloride and potassiumC. Potassium and sodiumD. Sodium and calciumE. Sodium only22.γ-Aminobutiric acid (GABA) is degraded by .A. GABA transporterB. GABA transaminase (GABA-T)C. monoamine oxidase (MAO)D. tryptophan hydroxylaseD. glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD)23.谷氨酸的三种离子通道受体分别是①，②，③。