被动语态之二特殊句型篇

中考被动语态-----特殊句型篇

目录

一.复习被动语态的八种时态

二.特殊句型和动词的被动语态

㈠简单句的被动语态

⑴双宾语

⑵复合宾语

㈡宾语从句

㈢祈使句

肯定

否定

㈣短语动词 (包括动介和动副两种)

㈤情态动词

附：课堂练习学案

内容

一.复习被动语态的六种时态

一般现在时：am／is／are＋p．p．

一般过去时：was／were＋p．p．

一般将来时：shall ／will be ＋p．p．

现在完成时：have ／has been ＋p．p．

现在进行时：am／is／are＋being＋p．p．

过去将来时：should ／would be ＋p．p．

（含情态动词的被动结构：情态动词＋be＋p．p．）

小测验：

① Chinese ______ by the largest number of people．

A．speak

B．is speaking

C．speaks

D．is spoken

（2002长沙）

② The boy ______ to get supper ready after school．

A．were told

B．is telling

C．was told

D．tells

（2002四川眉山）

③ A lot of new roads ______ built in the west of China．

A．must

B．must be

C．has

D．have

二.特殊句型和动词的被动语态

㈠简单句的被动语态

在这讲开始之前我们先一起复习一下以前学习过的简单句的六种基本结构：1）主 + 动 + 表（SVP）例如：

John is busy.约翰忙.

2）主 + 动（SV）例如：

I work.我工作.

3）主 + 动 + 宾（SVO）例如：

She studies English.她学英语.

English is studied by her.

4）主 + 动 + 间宾 + 直宾（SVOiOd）例如：

My mother made me a new dress.我母亲给我做了一件新衣裳.

I was made a new dress by my mother.

a new dress was made for me by my mother.

5）主 + 动 + 宾 + 补（SVOC）例如：

Time would prove me right.时间会证明我是对的.

I would be proved right by time.

1.S+VT+O

We visited the factory.

The factory was visited by us.

2.双宾语

主 + 动 + 间宾 + 直宾（SVOiOd）

例如：

⑴当直接宾语是人称代词（it／them）时.如：

The watch is Li Lei's. Please give it to him.这块手表是李雷的.请把它给他.

⑵当强调间接宾语时.如：

Mother cooks breakfast for us every day.母亲每天都为我们做早饭.

⑶当间接宾语比直接宾语长时.如：

On the bus, he often gives his seat to an old person.在公共汽车上,他经常把座位让给老人.

3.复合宾语

首先让我们回顾一下以前学习的复合宾语：

英语中,有些及物动词接宾语后还需接宾语补足语来补充说明宾语的有关情况,

这样意思才完整.宾语和宾语补足语合称复合宾语.常用句型为：

主语＋及物动词＋宾语＋宾语补足语.O+VT+O+OC

可用作宾语补足语的有名词、形容词、现在分词、介词短语、动词不定式等.

一 . 宾语补足语是名词、形容词、现在分词、介词短语的被动语态。

1.接名词作宾语补足语的动词常见的有call, name, think ,make等.如：

We call them mooncakes.我们把它们叫作月饼.

They are called mooncakes by us.

2.接形容词作宾语补足语的动词常见的有make, keep, think, find等.如：

At first I found Chinese hard.开始的时候,我发现汉语很难.

At first Chinese was found hard by me.

3. 接现在分词作宾语补足语的动词常见的有watch, see, hear ,find, keep 等.如：

In the country, he can hear birds singing.在农村,他能听到鸟儿歌唱.

In the country, birds can be heard singing by him.

4. 接介词短语作宾语补足语的动词常见的有find, keep, take等.如：

The boy found his pen on the floor.这个男孩在地板上找到了他的钢笔.

His pen was found on the floor by the boy.

二.宾语补足语是动词不定式的被动语态。

动词不定式作宾语补足语时通常分为下面三种情况：

1）接带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词常见的有tell, want, ask, wish, teach等.如：

Tell him to come here the day after tomorrow.告诉他后天到这里来.

He is told to come here the day after tomorrow.

2）接不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词常见的有hear, see, watch, let,