被动语态的特殊结构 2013 01 02

被动语态的特殊结构

★与很多种“时态”不同的是，英语中只有两种语态，即主动语态和被动语态。

★尽管被动语态的基本结构为“be + V-ed”，但是并非只有“be + V-ed”能表达被动，例如“get + V-ed”也可以表达被动。同时，也并不是所有的“be + V-ed”结构都表达被动，有些V-ed已经形容词化了，此时“主语+ be + V-ed”是“主+ 系+ 表”结构，V-ed说明主语的特征或所处状态。

常用的特殊句式，短语或词组如下：

1、“get + V-ed”型被动语态

sb get killed sth get stolen sb get injured sb get lost

？？

2、“be + V-ed + prep”一般理解为“某人对…感到…”或“某人因…而感到…”

be amazed at/by be surprised at/by be shocked at/by be astonished at/by be interested in be satisfied with be pleased with be excited about

be tired of be bored with be

be surrounded with be covered with be decorated with

be made in be made of be made from be made up of

be born in be born on be born into / to

be lost in be absorbed in be buried in

be considered as be regarded as be seen as

3、主语+ 半系动词+ adv / adj / 数量词

The cloth washes well. The pen writes well. The book sells well.

The music sounds beautiful. The soup tastes delicious. The girl looks beautiful

The satellite weighs 10 tones. The tree measure 90 meters. The jacket costs 150 yuan.

？？

4、在一些短语中或句型中，一般用来表达主动的V-ing此时表达被动含义

The famous book is worth reading twice.

The broken radio needs repairing.

The careless driver was to blame for the traffic accident.

5、it be + V-ed that 主语……It is said that Tom has finished all his tasks.

主语be + V-ed to do Tom is said to have finished all his tasks.

It is reported that

It is widely believed that

be expected to be supposed to