2012年高二学业水平考试必背文章(b4) 2

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2012高中毕业会考篇目文言知识汇总

2012高中毕业会考篇目文言知识汇总新高考新素材2011-11-29 11232012高中毕业会考篇目文言知识汇总《六国论》苏洵一、一词多义1、非不是，错误、不对，没，不2、或有的让人，有时、偶尔，有的……有的……，或许、也许3、得得到、获得，得当、正确，能够、可以，必须、应当4、势形势，势力、力量，形状5、相互相，表示一方对另一方的动作，辅佐君主的大臣即宰相6、以介词，因为；介词，凭；副词，才7、为动词，作为；动词，成为；动词，治理；介词，被；介词，为了，为着8、之代词；音节助词（秦以攻取之外）9、兵名词，兵器，武器；名词，军队10.故形容，旧；连词，所以，因此11.亡动词，丧失，失去；动词，灭亡《指南录后序》文天祥一、通假字1缙绅、大夫、士萃于丞相府2贾家庄几为巡徼所陵迫死3层见错出4臣死有余僇二、古今异义1、穷饿无聊，追购又急没有依靠2、至于永嘉到达3、初至北营，抗辞慷慨十分激烈4、为巡船所物色搜寻5、几彷徨死走投无路三、一词多义1、间得间奔真州机会间以诗记所遭有时中间力拉崩倒之声夹杂安得广厦千万间量词2、数数吕师孟叔侄为逆列举罪状此数者用兵之患也几，几个范增数目项王屡次今夫弈之为数技艺3、如如扬州，过瓜洲扬子桥往劳苦功高如此像绝无有者，则治之如所言按照其如土石何如……何，拿……怎么样4、而归而求救国之策承接而予不得归矣因此而不在使者之目却，但而幸生也何为但死而死矣就5、以意北亦尚可以口舌动也用以资政殿学士行凭然而隐忍以行承接挟匕首以备不测来几以捕系死因为6、之下逐客之令的而死固付之度外矣代词，死将藏之于家代词，它四、词类活用道海安、如皋取道庐陵文天祥自序其诗作序五、特殊句式1、省略句初至北营，抗辞慷慨，上下颇惊动。

但欲求死，不复顾利害。

留二日，维扬帅下逐客之令。

诋大酋当死；骂逆贼当死。

坐桂公塘土围中，骑数千过其门，几落贼手死。

2、被动句予羁縻不得还。

无日而非可死。

几以不纳死。

3、倒装句予之生也幸，而幸生也何为？君亲其谓予何！《五人墓碑记》张溥一、古今异义1、是时以大中丞抚吴者为魏之私人。

2012年学业水平考试作文样例

2012年学业水平考试假设你是图片中的孩子，根据图片用第一人称描述那天所发生的事情。

学生作文样例：It was a Friday evening. I was 10 years old at that time. After supper, seeing my parents were exhausted after a day’s hard work, I volunteered to wash the dishes. Surprised though my parents were, they agreed happily. To tell the truth, it was my first time to wash the dishes on my own.At first, everything seemed to be going on smoothly. I wasn’t tall enough to reach the sink so I put a chair beside it to stand on. Then I laid all the bowls and plates in the sink, filled it with water and poured in some detergent. Washing the dishes seemed to me a piece of cake. But when I took one bowl out of the water and began to wash it with a cloth, it slipped away from my hold and fell onto the ground, breaking into pieces. I told myself to try again and be more careful, but the same thing happened again. Several minutes later, the kitchen was totally in a mess with the kitchen counter and the floor covered with water and bowl pieces. Sadly, a good idea ended up with a disaster. My parents were standing outside the kitchen and saw everything. Instead of getting angry with me, they just told me that they would give me more chances to practice washing the dishes.。

2012年高考(湖北卷)古诗文背诵篇目汇编

2012年高考（湖北卷）古诗文背诵篇目汇编高考题型2011-10-24 06302012年高考（湖北卷）古诗文背诵篇目汇编编校邓星宇、冯思颖、周瑛、冯亦鸣、杨瀚溢、夏施雨、尹春慧、陈霁、邬思婕、陈文菀、潘宇轩审定赵高峰说明加★者（10+25）为2011年高考湖北省必考篇目，加◆者为人教课标版教材重点诵读篇目,加◎者为指定背诵段落。

★（一）古文（10篇）1、劝学（必修3）《荀子》君子曰学不可以已。

青，取之于蓝，而青于蓝；冰，水为之，而寒于水。

木直中绳，輮（rïu）以为轮，其曲中规。

虽有槁暴（gǎo pù），不复挺者，輮使之然也。

故木受绳则直，金就砺则利，君子博学而日参省（xǐng）乎己，则知（zhì）明而行无过矣。

吾尝终日而思矣，不如须臾之所学也；吾尝跂（qì）而望矣，不如登高之博见也。

登高而招，臂非加长也，而见者远；顺风而呼，声非加疾也，而闻者彰。

假舆马者，非利足也，而致千里；假舟楫者，非能水也，而绝江河。

君子生（xìng）非异也，善假于物也。

积土成山，风雨兴焉；积水成渊，蛟龙生焉；积善成德，而神明自得，圣心备焉。

故不积跬（kuǐ）步，无以至千里；不积小流，无以成江海。

骐骥（qíjì）一跃，不能十步；驽（nú）马十驾，功在不舍。

锲（qiâ）而舍之，朽木不折；锲而不舍，金石可镂（lîu）。

蚓无爪牙之利，筋骨之强，上食埃土，下饮黄泉，用心一也。

蟹六跪而二螯（áo），非蛇鳝之穴无可寄托者，用心躁也。

2、过秦论（必修3）贾谊据，拥之地，君臣固守以窥室，有，，之意，并吞之心。

当是时也，佐之，内立法度，务耕织，修守战之具；外连横而斗诸侯。

于是秦人之外。

孝公既没，惠文、武、昭襄蒙，因遗策，南取，西举巴、蜀，东割，北收之郡。

诸侯恐惧，会盟而谋弱秦，不爱珍器重宝肥饶之地，以致天下之士，合从（zîng），。

高二会考必背知识点语文

高二会考必背知识点语文语文是高中学习的重要科目之一，是学生综合素养的基础。

在中考和高考中，语文成绩往往占据较大的比重，因此，掌握高二会考必背的语文知识点是非常重要的。

下面将介绍高二会考必背的语文知识点。

1. 高考必背的古诗词知识点古诗词是语文学习的重点之一，高考中经常会出现古诗词的解析和鉴赏题目。

高二会考必背的古诗词包括《将进酒》、《静夜思》、《登鹳雀楼》等经典名篇。

在备考过程中，要熟读这些古诗词，理解其中的意境和主旨，积累一定的鉴赏能力。

2. 文言文知识点文言文是高考必考的内容之一，高二会考必背的文言文知识点包括《论语》、《韩非子》等经典著作。

在备考过程中，要注意掌握文言文的基本阅读技巧，理解古文的意思和蕴意，能够准确地解答文言文阅读理解和翻译题目。

3. 修辞手法知识点修辞手法是文学写作中常用的一种表达方式，也是高考中常考的知识点。

高二会考必背的修辞手法包括比喻、拟人、夸张、排比等常见的修辞手法。

在备考过程中，要熟悉这些修辞手法的表现形式和作用，能够准确地辨析出文章中使用的修辞手法，并能解答相关的试题。

4. 古文阅读知识点古文阅读是高考中的重要环节，也是高二会考必背的知识点之一。

在备考过程中，要阅读大量的古代文言文，熟悉古文的语言特点和表达方式，能够准确地理解文章的含义和作者的观点，解答相关的阅读题目。

5.现代文阅读知识点现代文阅读是高中语文学习的重要内容，也是高二会考必背的知识点之一。

在备考过程中，要阅读各种各样的现代文，包括小说、散文、杂文等，理解文章的主题和中心思想，能够准确地解答相关的阅读理解题目。

6. 写作技巧知识点写作是语文学习的核心能力之一，也是高考中的重要考察内容。

高二会考必背的写作技巧包括写作思路的拓展、段落的衔接、逻辑推理的合理运用等。

在备考过程中，要进行大量的写作训练，并学习优秀的范文，提高自己的写作水平。

通过掌握高二会考必背的语文知识点，我们能够更好地备考高考，提高自己的语文成绩。

高二英语会考必背作文范文

高二英语会考必背作文范文Possible essay:The Importance of Learning English。

English has become the global language of communication, commerce, science, and culture. It is estimated that over 1.5 billion people speak English worldwide, and that number is growing. Therefore, learning English is essential for anyone who wants to succeed in today's interconnected world. In this essay, I will discuss the reasons why English is important and how to improve one's English skills.Firstly, English is the language of international communication. It is used in diplomacy, business, academia, media, and tourism. For example, if you want to study abroad, work for a multinational company, or travel to an English-speaking country, you need to be able to communicate effectively in English. Moreover, English isthe lingua franca of the internet, where most of theinformation and entertainment is in English. Therefore, if you want to access the vast resources of the web, you need to be proficient in English.Secondly, English is the language of science and technology. Most of the scientific research and innovation is conducted in English, and most of the technical manuals and software are written in English. Therefore, if you want to stay up-to-date with the latest developments in your field, you need to read and write in English. Moreover, if you want to collaborate with scientists and engineers from other countries, you need to be able to understand their English and express your ideas clearly in English.Thirdly, English is the language of culture and entertainment. Many of the world's greatest works of literature, music, and film are in English, and they have been translated into many other languages. Therefore, if you want to appreciate the richness and diversity of human expression, you need to read, listen, and watch in English. Moreover, if you want to share your own culture and creativity with the world, you need to be able to expressyourself in English.Now that we have seen why English is important, let us discuss how to improve one's English skills. There are many ways to do so, but here are some of the most effective ones:Firstly, immerse yourself in English. Surround yourself with English books, movies, TV shows, music, and websites. Listen to English podcasts and radio stations, and speak English with native speakers whenever possible. The moreyou expose yourself to English, the more you will absorbits vocabulary, grammar, and pronunciation.Secondly, practice English every day. Set aside some time each day to read, write, listen, and speak in English. Use English apps, websites, and textbooks to improve your skills. Join English clubs, forums, and social media groups to interact with other learners and get feedback on your work. The more you practice, the more confident and fluent you will become.Thirdly, learn English in context. Don't just memorizelists of words and rules; learn how to use them in real-life situations. Use authentic materials, such as news articles, interviews, and conversations, to learn how English is actually used by native speakers. Learn idioms, slang, and cultural references to understand the nuances of English.In conclusion, learning English is crucial for anyone who wants to succeed in today's world. It opens up opportunities for communication, education, and entertainment. By immersing yourself in English, practicing it every day, and learning it in context, you can improve your English skills and achieve your goals. So, don't hesitate to start learning English today!。

本站原创XX中学2012—2013学年度上学期高二学业水平测试语文试卷及答案

176中学2012----2013学年度上学期高二学业水平测试语文试卷考试范围：必修四第四单元本试卷分第1卷（阅读题）和第2卷（表达题）两部分试卷满分：150分考试时间：150分钟第Ⅰ卷（阅读题11道题共70分）甲必考题一、现代文阅读（9分，每小题3分）阅读下面的文字，完成1—3题。

大师，是一个民族在特定历史时代的学术精英，他们的学术活动和学术思想也是该民族在该特定历史时代的精神之光，同时也“蕴藏着超越该特定时代的最大信息量”。

大师涌现的时代，往往也是一个民族鼎盛的时代，或者是鼎盛到来的前夜。

时下，国内各大媒体重量级人物频频亮相，动辄就是“大家”、“大师”。

其实这是一种误导。

说实话，即便是出大家大师的时代，也不可能有这么多。

大师做学问的目的仅在学术本身，他们知道，学中之道贵在打通，道存则通，道无则隔。

所以，真正的大师所为不是猎取功名利禄，做的是讲学又讲道的学问，他们断不愿频频公诸大众媒体。

当然，我们可以理解媒体的良苦用心。

称呼大师，不失为一种礼貌，然而，过度恭维且易误导大众，是害多而益少的。

对于被称呼者来说，不失为一种“狂”气，有时候也是一种洒脱，一种超然。

孔子曰：“不得中行而与之，必也狂狷乎！狂者进取，狷者有所不为也。

”这是对“狂”的正面解释。

古往今来，“狂”人也层出不穷，他们的成就也往往不是那些“狷”者能望其项背的。

春秋、两晋、汉唐等时期在这方面出现过许多典型代表。

也正因为如此，春秋诸子、魏晋思想、汉唐文化，凌驾百代，皆后无来者。

在某种程度上也正是“狂”所成就的。

文学艺术工作者则尤然。

但如果狂妄过度则又是一种轻浮，一种浅俗，不利于学术，也不利于发展。

我们知道，“大家”和“大师”会影响时代甚至是影响人类的。

他们的作品也是一个时代的里程碑，或标志着人类精神的重大转变，不仅有艺术上和艺术史上的价值，而且还要有审美上和审美的时代性的贡献。

这样的艺术家及其作品往往是跨越式的、划时代的，具有标志性意义，如达·芬奇、毕加索、顾恺之、王维、石涛等。

2012年语文会考内容

2012年语文会考内容以下从考试的知识、能力条目和要求方面，具体描述高中语文会考的学业水平。

一、必修课程１.语言文字应用①.掌握常用字的字音和字形。

②.正确使用标点符号。

③.理解常用的词语在具体语言环境中的含义，理解教读课文中做注的重要词语。

④.正确辨析并恰当运用常用词语。

⑤.辨析和修改常见的语病（语序不当、搭配不当、成分残缺或赘余、结构混乱、表意不明、不合逻辑）。

⑥.扩展语句，压缩语段。

⑦.选用、仿用、变换句式。

⑧.语言表达简明、连贯、得体、准确、鲜明、生动。

⑨.正确理解和运用常见的修辞方法（比喻、比拟、借代、夸张、对偶、排比、设问、反问）。

２.现代文阅读能阅读一般的论述类、实用类文本和文学作品。

了解重要作家及作品。

(“了解重要作家及作品”系2012年新增内容)(1)论述类、实用类文本阅读论述类文本包括自然课科学和社会科学类文章等；实用类文本包括访谈、调查报告、新闻、传记等。

①.理解文中重要概念和句子的含义。

②.筛选并整合文中的信息。

③.分析语言特色，把握文章结构和思路。

（2011年为“分析文章结构，把握文章思路”）④.归纳内容要点，概括中心意思。

⑤.分析和评价作者在文中的观点态度。

(2)文学作品阅读文学作品包括散文、诗歌、小说、戏剧。

①.分析作品结构，概括作品主题。

②.分析作品体裁的基本特征和主要表现手法。

（删去了“分析散文运用记叙、描写、议论、抒情等手法的灵活性；分析小说人物、情节、环境构成的形象世界；分析诗歌的意象和情感；分析戏剧中矛盾冲突的设置”）③.体会重要语句的丰富含义，品味精彩语句的表现力。

④.欣赏作品的形象，赏析作品的内涵，领悟作品的艺术魅力。

⑤.对作品表现出来的价值判断和审美取向作出评价。

３.古诗文阅读能阅读浅易的古代诗文，具有一定的阅读速度和评析能力，初步理解经典文化论著《论语》，初步鉴赏古代诗文。

了解重要作家及作品。

（2011年为“初步具有鉴别欣赏古代诗文的能力”）①.理解常见文言文诗词在文中的含义。

2012新课标高考必背篇目(精校版)

高考背诵篇目高中部分1、《劝学》荀子 8、《蜀道难》李白2、《逍遥游》庄子 9、《登高》杜甫3、《师说》韩愈 10、《琵琶行》白居易4、《阿房宫赋》杜牧 11、《锦瑟》李商隐5、《前赤壁赋》苏轼 12、《虞美人》李煜6、《氓》诗经 13、《念奴娇·赤壁怀古》苏轼7、《离骚》（节选）屈原 14、《永遇乐·京口北固亭怀古》辛弃疾初中部分1、《孔子语录》孔子 26、《望岳》杜甫2、《鱼我所欲也》孟子 27、《春望》杜甫3、《生于忧患，死于安乐》孟子 28、《茅屋为秋风所破歌》杜甫4、《曹刿论战》左传 29、《白雪歌送武判官归京》岑参5、《邹忌讽齐王纳谏》战国策 30、《早春呈水部张十八员外》韩愈6、《出师表》诸葛亮 31、《酬乐天扬州初逢席上见赠》刘禹锡7、《桃花源记》陶潜 32、《观刈麦》白居易8、《三峡》郦道元 33、《钱塘湖春行》白居易9、《马说》韩愈 34、《雁门太守行》李贺10、《小石潭记》柳宗元 35、《赤壁》杜牧11、《陋室铭》刘禹锡 36、《泊秦淮》杜牧12、《岳阳楼记》范仲淹 37、《夜雨寄北》李商隐13、《醉翁亭记》欧阳修 38、《无题》（相见时难别亦难）李商隐14、《记承天寺夜游》苏轼 39、《相见欢》（无言独上西楼）李煜15、《爱莲说》周敦颐 40、《渔家傲》（塞下秋来风景异）范仲淹16、《送东阳马生序》（节选）宋濂 41、《浣溪沙》（一曲新词酒一杯）晏殊17、《关雎》诗经 42、《登飞来峰》王安石18、《蒹葭》诗经 43、《江城子》（老夫聊发少年狂）苏轼19、《观沧海》曹操 44、《水调歌头》（明月几时有）苏轼20、《饮酒》（结庐在人境）陶潜 45、《游山西村》陆游21、《送杜少府之任蜀州》王勃 46、《破阵子》（醉里挑灯看剑）辛弃疾22、《次北固山下》王湾 47、《过零丁洋》文天祥23、《使至塞上》王维 48、《天净沙·秋思》马致远24、《闻王昌龄左迁龙标遥有此寄》 49、《山坡羊·潼关怀古》张养浩25、《行路难》李白 50、《己亥杂诗》（浩荡离愁白日斜）龚自珍高考背诵高中部分1、《劝学》荀子君子曰：学不可以已。

2012会考背诵篇目——已更新

2012年会考背诵高三语文2012．08．051、《归园田居》————陶渊明少无适俗韵，性本爱丘山。

误落尘网中，一去三十年。

羁鸟恋旧林，池鱼思故渊。

开荒南野际，守拙归园田。

方宅十余亩，草屋八九间。

榆柳荫后檐，桃李罗堂前。

暧暧远人村，依依墟里烟。

狗吠深巷中，鸡鸣桑树颠。

户庭无尘杂，虚室有余闲。

久在樊笼里，复得返自然。

2、《从军行》————王昌龄大漠风尘日色昏，红旗半卷出辕门。

前军夜战洮河北，已报生擒吐谷浑。

3、《梦游天姥吟留别》————李白我欲因之梦吴越，一夜飞渡镜湖月。

湖月照我影，送我至剡溪。

谢公宿外今尚在，渌水荡漾清猿啼。

脚著谢公屐，身登青云梯。

半壁见海日，空中闻天鸡。

千岩万转路不定，迷花倚石忽已暝。

熊咆龙吟殷岩泉，栗深林兮惊层巅。

云青青兮欲雨，水澹澹兮生烟。

列缺霹雳，丘峦崩摧，洞天石扉，訇然中开。

青冥浩荡不见底，日月照耀金银台。

霓为衣兮风为马，云之君兮纷纷而来下。

虎鼓瑟兮鸾回车，仙之人兮列如麻。

忽魂悸以魄动，恍惊起而长嗟。

惟觉时之枕席，失向来之烟霞。

4、《登高》————杜甫风急天高猿啸哀，渚清沙白鸟飞回。

无边落木萧萧下，不尽长江滚滚来。

万里悲秋常作客，百年多病独登台。

艰难苦恨繁霜鬓，潦倒新停浊酒杯。

5、《旅夜书怀》————杜甫细草微风岸，危樯独夜舟。

星垂平野阔，月涌大江流。

名岂文章著，官应老病休。

飘飘何所似？天地一沙鸥。

6、《琵琶行》————白居易寻声暗问弹者谁？琵琶声停欲语迟。

移船相近邀相见，添酒回灯重开宴。

千呼万唤始出来，犹抱琵琶半遮面。

转轴拨弦三两声，未成曲调先有情。

弦弦掩抑声声思，似诉平生不得志。

低眉信手续续弹，说尽心中无限事。

轻拢慢捻抹复挑，初为霓裳后六么。

大弦嘈嘈如急雨，小弦切切如私语。

嘈嘈切切错杂弹，大珠小珠落玉盘。

间关莺语花底滑，幽咽泉流冰下难。

冰泉冷涩弦凝绝，凝绝不通声暂歇。

别有幽愁暗恨生，此时无声胜有声。

银瓶乍破水浆迸，铁骑突出刀枪鸣。

曲终收拨当心画，四弦一声如裂帛。

东舟西舫悄无言，唯见江心秋月白。

高二必背篇目

高二必背篇目
高二阶段的必背篇目包括文学作品、历史事件、科学知识等多
个领域。

以下是一些常见的必背篇目，供你参考：
1. 文学作品：
《红楼梦》，这是中国古代四大名著之一，通过描绘贾宝玉、林黛玉等人物的命运，反映了封建社会的衰落和人性的悲剧。

《诗经》，这是中国古代最早的一部诗歌总集，包含了大量
的民间歌谣和诗篇，具有重要的文化和历史价值。

《1984》，这是乔治·奥威尔的经典小说，描绘了一个极权
主义社会的恐怖景象，对于人类自由和权力滥用的思考具有深远的
影响。

2. 历史事件：
二战，这是20世纪最重要的历史事件之一，涉及全球范围
的战争，对于世界格局和国际关系产生了巨大影响。

中国革命，包括辛亥革命、五四运动、北伐战争等一系列事件，标志着中国现代化进程的重要阶段。

法国大革命，这是18世纪末发生在法国的一场重大社会政
治变革，对于欧洲和世界历史产生了深远的影响。

3. 科学知识：
牛顿力学，包括牛顿三大运动定律、万有引力定律等，是经
典力学的基础，对于理解物体运动和力的作用具有重要意义。

生物进化论，达尔文的进化论提出了物种起源和演化的理论，是生物学的重要基石，对于理解生命起源和多样性具有重要意义。

相对论，爱因斯坦的相对论理论革命性地改变了我们对时空
和物质运动的认识，对于现代物理学产生了深远影响。

以上只是一些常见的高二必背篇目，具体的要求可能会因学校
或课程而有所不同。

建议你根据自己的学习计划和教材内容进行详
细的学习和准备。

河北省高二普通高中学业水平(12月)考试语文试题

河北省2012年高二普通高中学业水平（12月）考试语文试题注意事项：1．本试卷共8页，包括四道大题，共24道小题。

共100分，考试时间120分钟。

2．所有答案在答题卡上作答，在本试卷和草稿纸上作答无效。

答题前请仔细阅读答题卡上的“注意事项”，按照“注意事项”的规定答题。

3．答选择题时，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

如需改动，请用橡皮将原选涂答案擦干净，再选涂其它答案。

4．考试结束后，请将本试卷与答题卡一并交回。

一、现代文阅读（20分）（一）阅读下面的文字，完成1-2题。

儒学在两千多年的演进过程中，尽管有时式微，但总体来说却生生不息。

孔子在“礼崩乐坏”的社会环境下，为救世而奔走于各诸侯国，整理编纂“六书”。

整理编纂的同时，孔子吸取了前人理论思维的营养，创立了儒家学派，建构了儒学理论思维的基本框架，使儒学成为“显学”。

从诸侯割据到一统的中央集权制度的建立，社会实现了大变革、大转型。

如何适应社会大转型的需要，如何才能使国家长治久安，是当时法、道、儒各家所议论的热门话题。

汉武帝为使刘汉政权“传之亡（无）穷”，而举贤良文学之士，以对策的形式“垂问乎天人之应”。

董仲舒经过“三年不窥园”的殚精致思，吸收先秦名家、法家、道家、阴阳家等各家思想入儒，创立了以“天人感应”为核心的新儒学理论思维体系，回应了汉武帝“天人之应”的“垂问”，为当时社会治理中所存在的政治制度、伦理道德、政令刑罚、礼乐教化、学术思想等方面的冲突和由此产生的现实危机，提出了化解之道，使儒学获得了新生命。

自汉末至唐，由于内外种种因素的影响，儒学未能创造出化解现实社会中错综复杂的冲突和危机的方法，从而淡化了其在政治、经济、文化以及理论思维、价值观念、伦理道德等领域应有的效能和作用。

尽管如此，在儒释道三教长期的冲突和融合的过程中，儒学以其特有的理论思维、礼乐制度，获得了生命的意义。

面对佛教的强势文化，宋、元、明、清时的理学家以其“为天地立心，为生民立命，为往圣继绝学，为万世开太平”的精神，出入佛道，“尽究其说”。

2012年高二学业水平考试必背文章(b4)

2012年上期炎陵一中高二学业水平考试必背篇章M1U1▲Dear Wei HuaI am a high school student in the UK. I have just read your article about what you experienced in the UK. I would very much like to be friends with you. First of all, let me introduce myself. My name is Daniel Adams. I am studying at Southampton High. I am really fond of reading books, and that is why my favourite subject is literature. At the weekend, I like playing football and surfing the internet. I also enjoy eating sweets, so I never miss dessert at dinner.I did not realize schools in the UK are so different from schools in China until I read your article.It must have been quite a struggle for you to become used to academic life in a British school. I really have respect for everything you have achieved. Next year, I plan on attending a high school in China on a student exchange programme, and I found your article a great encouragement to me. I would love to meet you when I go to China.Please write soon!Best wishesDaniel AdamsM1U2Mom: Daniel , I need to talk to you . Dad and I realize there is probably a good explanation for everything, but you are not supposed to act that way.Daniel: Mom , I’m sorry, but I was so angry! Why didn’t you just ask what happened ? Mom: Well , we were angry too. Remember, you were in charge, but the house was in a mess and it looked like you spent all of the cash on pizza instead of dog food. Doyou have anything to say to defend yourself ?Daniel: Spot was sick , Mom . We had to use the money to take him to the clinic . We stayed there and waited all day . That’s why we didn’t have time to clean the house. Mom: Anyhow , next time we are on vacation , if you have an emergency like this you should call us . M1U3 ▲Dear dr. HealthI’m very overweight. Since people often laugh at me behind my back when I ride the Underground or go for a walk, I am embarrassed and do not like going out any more. Certainly, I do not feel comfortable going to the gym to work out. Instead, I prefer to exercise at home , and it seems that I am always going on a diet. However, no matter what I do, my efforts to lose weight always end in failure.In truth, my friends say that I am an attractive girl just the way I am, and that I should not worry at all about my waist or my figure. However, I do worry that my weight might damage my health. I’m not sure whether I should take weight-loss pills. There is news about a Canadian actress who suffered liver failure because of taking those pills.What do you think I should do?Best wishesGuo XilinM2U1Life on Earth?Professor Zyke of Mars University reported yesterday that he has found new evidence of life on Earth."it's really quite amazing," Professor Zyker said."If you look at the Earth hard enough, you can see that the creatures on Earth have been busy in the construction of large cities,wide roads and even great walls."This news was immediately dismissed with laughter by other scientists at Mars University.They remember an incident a few years ago, where it was believed that a spaceship from the Earth was taking photos of the surface of Mars. As we now know,the machine that was found looked more like something made by a local schoolboy than anything that could ever travel in space.Professor Zyker, however, continued to defend his research."If astronomers would just look into what I have found, they will see that I'm not making up things.There really is life on Earth."M2U2 ☻Dear TonyThank you for your letter. Y our trip sounds exciting! I can’t wait to hear what Africa is like. Since my last letter to you, I have had a little adventure of my own. Early this month, my mother and I took a flight to Dunhuang, in the north-west of China. The desert out there was really quite amazing--- I had never seen so much sand in my life! While we were there, we arranged with a tour company to ride camels. I was very excited because this was the first time I had seen one up close. We had hoped that we would get to see some other wildlife on our trip, but sadly we didn’t.Since you are going to the Sahara, I have some advice----be sure to bring a large hat and a shirt with long sleeves---you’ll need these for protection. The sun can be so brilliant that you’ll need to keep covered or you’ll get burnt----my cheeks were red for days after my trip. And another thing, you’ll need to keep a good supply of water with you, since it’s so dry and hot. I 'm sure you'll have a nice trip. I look forward to receiving your postcards.Best wishes.AihuaM2U326 November 1922Today is the best day of my life! All my years of training as an explorer have finally paid off! After days of labour,making surveys, digging and carrying away earth, we finally found the tomb of Tutankhamun,opened it and saw it and contents. When we broke open the door,the air was so hot and dusty inside that we had trouble breathing.Since it was dark,we had to turn on some flashlights so that we could see. Within the tomb, whichever way we looked there was a fortune in gold and treasure.Everything in the tomb had been preserved from the time of King Tutankhamun's death.After looking into the tomb, we closed it back up again.As we want to have a scientific examination of everything there,we do not want to disturb anything in it until we are ready. M3U1 ▲Since I am blind, I always live in darkness. It does not make any difference if I am in the street or at my house---wherever I am, it is like I am in a fog, because I can see nothing of the world around me. Going out is an adventure for me. I can remember where the shops are, and I can easily find my way around . However, I always hesitate when I leave the house, because there are many cars and lorries on the streets. I am always anxious when I come to a crossroads, and I have to listen very closely to hear if some car is approaching. As an aid, I carry a stick with me when I go out.I grasp it in my hand and use it to feel the pavement,so I can know if there is something in front of me. Since other people can observe that I am carrying a stick, they can usually guess that I am blind and stay out of my way. At the same time, I often run into things that are up high, such as tree branches, and sometimes hit my head on them.M3U2One big difference between British and American English is in vocabulary.For example, the British use the word "autumn"while the Americans use the word "fall". In this case,the older word is "autumn".However,about four hundred years ago,the word"autumn"was replaced with"fall".Later, the British returned to "autumn",while the Americans still use"fall".Of course,people from many different countries came to America and made their contributions to American English.Indeed, in American English there are words from every major tongue spoken on Earth. Many of these words are absent in British English.Another big distinction between American and British English is spelling. After the Americans defeated the British in 1781 and gained independence, they wanted to make the spelling of English words simpler. therefore,Americans write "color"instead of "colour"Finally, the pronunciations and accents are different. Both countries have slowly changed the way they say the same words,but in different ways. This process is continuing every today.M3U3I often wondered why the people of Pompeii did not run away before the volcano erupted.As it turns out,they did not know what a volcano was.In fact, the Romans did not even have a word for"volcano".They had no idea that a volcano would destroy them.Starting from 20 August AD79,there were some earthquakes near the volcano.However, no one paid them much attention. Then,on 24 August, the mountain exploded, pouring out a cloud of ash.The ash was very hot-----as much as 350。

2012辽宁省普通高中学业水平考试(语文)考前测试及答案

2012年辽宁省普通高中学生学业水平考试前测试题语文本试题分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分，考试时间90分钟，满分100分。

第Ⅰ卷（满分40分）一、（满分9分，每小题3分）1.下列各句中，加点的词语使用恰当的一项是（）A．对于像上海通用这样专业的生产厂家来说,汽车在装配过程中,出现漏装零部件的现象是不可理喻．．．．的。

B. 在3名骗子巧言如簧．．．．的谎言下，李女士深信自己家中即将大难临头而需要做法事消灾解厄，结果15万元的积蓄被骗一空。

C.在他眼里，出身名门的项羽首先是一个贵族，之后才是一位在沙场上无往不胜．．．．的猛将。

D．一些领导干部不把话说在点子上，不把事做在点子上，干工作犹如敲鼓不敲在点子上，任意地敲边鼓．．．，有谁能够欢迎？2.下列各句中，没有语病的一项是（）A.修建郑州街跨河大桥，是我市老城区通往新区的一条具有重要作用的新通道。

B.文学作品必须深刻揭示社会生活中的矛盾冲突，表现人生、人性中真善美与假丑恶的激烈较量，批判并反省人类的私欲、专制与邪恶的一面。

C. 临近年末，各大商家为清理库存，回笼资金，加大了促销力度， 2—3折的优惠吸引了众多消费者。

D. 本书比较详细地介绍了近30余种造型水仙的雕刻造型方法，同时对水养水仙常遇到的问题也有较详细地介绍。

3．填入下列句子空缺处的句子，语序连贯的一项是（）初秋最美的风景，在田野里。

俗话说，过了立秋，寸草结籽。

那棵发育得晚的玉米，才一尺高，也结起了指头粗细的穗子。

①草们也开起了各色的小花，结起了小小的籽实②走近看，才发现玉米的头顶还插着一个黄色的帽翅，腰里挂着一个绿色的穗子，穗子上顶着一缕或红或黄的缨子③远看，铺天盖地的绿，绿的树，绿的庄稼，绿的草，密密麻麻，层层叠叠④庄稼，杂草，都停止了生长，它们有更重要的任务，为传宗接代做着最充分最耐心最细致的准备A．①③②④B．④①②③C．②①④③D．③②①④二、（满分15分，每小题3分）4．下列文言句子的翻译不正确的一项是（）A．闻道有先后，术业有专攻。

2012辽宁省学业水平测试语文背诵篇目

《劝学》荀子君子曰：学不可以已（yǐ）。

青，取之于蓝，而青于蓝；冰，水为之，而寒于水。

木直中（zhònɡ）绳，輮以为轮，其曲中规，虽有（yòu）槁暴（ɡǎo pù），不复挺者，輮使之然也。

故木受绳则直，金就砺则利，君子博学而日参省（cān xǐnɡ）乎己（jǐ），则知（zhì）明而行无过矣。

吾尝终日而思矣，不如须臾（yú）之所学也；吾尝跂（qì）而望矣，不如登高之博见也。

登高而招，臂非加长也，而见者远；顺风而呼，声非加疾也，而闻者彰。

假舆马者，非利足也，而致千里；假舟楫者，非能水也，而绝江河。

君子生（xìnɡ）非异也，善假于物也。

积土成山，风雨兴焉；积水成渊，蛟（jiāo）龙生焉；积善成德，而神明自得，圣心备焉。

故不积跬（kuǐ）步，无以至千里；不积小流，无以成江海。

骐骥一跃，不能十步；驽马十驾，功在不舍。

锲（qiè）而舍之，朽木不折；锲而不舍，金石可镂。

蚓无爪牙之利，筋骨之强，上食埃土，下饮黄泉，用心一也。

蟹六跪而二螯（áo），非蛇鳝之穴无可寄托者，用心躁也。

《师说》韩愈（唐）古之学者必有师。

师者，所以传道受业解惑也。

人非生而知之者，孰能无惑？惑而不从师，其为惑也终不解矣。

生乎吾前，其闻道也固先乎吾，吾从而师之；生乎吾后，其闻道也亦先乎吾，吾从而师之：吾师道也，夫（fú）庸知其年之先后生于吾乎？是故无贵无贱、无长无少，道之所存（cún），师之所存也。

嗟乎，师道之不传（chuán）也久矣，欲人之无惑也难矣！古之圣人，其出人也远矣，犹且从师而问焉；今之众人，其下圣人也亦远矣，而耻学于师。

是故圣（shènɡ）益圣，愚益愚，圣人之所以为圣，愚人之所以为愚，其皆出于此乎？爱其子，择师而教之；于其身也，则耻师焉；惑矣！彼童子之师，授之书而习其句读者，非吾所谓传其道解其惑者也。

句读（dòu）之不知，惑之不解，或师焉，或不（f ǒu）焉，小学而大遗，吾未见其明也。

高二语文会考背诵篇目

蜀道难李白噫吁嚱，危乎高哉！蜀道之难，难于上青天！蚕丛及鱼凫，开国何茫然！尔来四万八千岁，不与秦塞通人烟。

西当太白有鸟道，能够横绝峨眉巅。

地崩山摧壮士死，而后天梯石栈相钩连。

上有六龙回日之高标，下有冲波逆折之回川。

黄鹤之飞尚不得过，猿猱欲度愁攀附。

青泥何盘盘，百步九折萦岩峦。

扪参历井仰胁息，以手抚膺坐长叹。

问君西游何时还？畏途巉岩不行攀。

但见悲鸟号古木，雄飞雌从绕林间。

又闻子规啼夜月，愁空山。

蜀道之难，难于上青天，令人听此凋朱颜！连峰去天不盈尺，枯松倒挂倚绝壁。

飞湍瀑流争喧豗，砯崖转石万壑雷。

其险也这样，嗟尔远道之人胡为乎来哉！剑阁峥嵘而崔嵬，一夫当关，万夫莫开。

所守或匪亲，化为狼与豺。

朝避猛虎，夕避长蛇；磨牙吮血，草菅人命。

锦城虽云乐，不如早还家。

蜀道之难，难于上青天，侧身西望长咨嗟！水龙吟·登建康赏心亭辛弃疾楚天千里清秋，水随天去秋无际。

遥岑远目，献愁供恨，玉簪螺髻。

夕阳楼头，断鸿声里，江南游子。

把吴钩看了，栏杆拍遍，无人会，登临意。

休说鲈鱼堪脍，尽西风、季鹰归未？求田问舍，怕应羞见，刘郎才华。

惋惜流年，忧虑风雨，树如同此！倩何人唤取，红巾翠袖，揾英豪泪？永遇乐·京口北固亭怀古辛弃疾千古江山，英豪无觅，孙仲谋处。

舞榭歌台，风流总被，雨打风吹去。

夕阳草树，平常巷陌，人道寄奴曾住。

想当年，金戈铁骑，气吞万里如虎。

元嘉草草，封狼居胥，博得仓促北顾。

四十三年，望中犹记，战火扬州路。

可堪回顾，佛狸祠下，一片神鸦社鼓。

凭谁问，廉颇老矣，尚能饭否。

醉花阴李清照薄雾浓云愁永昼，瑞脑销金兽。

佳节又重阳，玉枕纱橱，子夜凉初透。

东篱把酒傍晚后，有幽香盈袖。

莫道不销魂，帘卷西风，人比黄花瘦。

声声慢李清照寻寻找觅，冷冷清清，凄悲惨惨戚戚。

乍暖还寒时候，最难将息。

三杯两盏淡酒，怎敌他，晚来风急？雁过也，正悲伤，倒是旧时认识。

满地黄花聚积，憔倅损，现在有谁堪摘？守着窗儿，单独怎生得黑？梧桐更兼小雨，到傍晚，点点滴滴。

2012浙江会考必考篇目文学常识

浙江省2012届会考高中语文必修教材必考篇目文学常识整理
苏教版高中语文必修三、四文学常识整理【文学体裁知识】
1．中国古代诗歌分为古体诗和近体诗，这种分法始于唐代。

近体诗格律严格，有绝句和律诗两种，各有五言和
七言两种形式。

律诗分四联：首联、颔联、颈联和尾联。

标题带有“歌、行、引、吟”等字眼的大多为古体诗，
如《琵琶行》《游子吟》。

2.词，产生于隋唐，又称曲子词、诗余、乐府、长短句等，盛行于两宋，分婉约和豪放两派，婉约派代表：柳永(北宋)、李清照(南宋)等，豪放派代表：北宋苏轼、南宋辛弃疾。

词按结构又可分成：小令（只有一阕，没有上下阕， 58字以内），59—90字为中调，91字以上是长调。

每首词都有一个曲词名称，叫词牌，而标题则
概括了词的主要内容。

3.戏剧，是一种综合多种艺术的舞台艺术，按表现形式，可分为话剧、歌剧、舞剧、戏曲等；按照结构繁简可分
为独幕剧、多幕剧；按照题材反映的时代可分为历史剧、现代剧；按照矛盾冲突的结局可分为悲剧、喜剧、正剧
（悲喜剧）。

【与课文有关的中国古代作家作品】
【与课文有关的中国现当代作家作品】
苏教版高中语文必修五文学常识整理。

2012年高二学业水平考试必背文章(b4) 2

2012年上期炎陵一中高二学业水平考试必背篇章M1U1▲Dear Wei HuaI am a high school student in the UK. I have just read your article about what you experienced in the UK. I would very much like to be friends with you. First of all, let me introduce myself. My name is Daniel Adams. I am studying at Southampton High. I am really fond of reading books, and that is why my favourite subject is literature. At the weekend, I like playing football and surfing the internet. I also enjoy eating sweets, so I never miss dessert at dinner.I did not realize schools in the UK are so different from schools in China until I read your article.It must have been quite a struggle for you to become used to academic life in a British school.I really have respect for everything you have achieved. Next year, I plan on attending a high school in China on a student exchange programme, and I found your article a great encouragement to me. I would love to meet you when I go to China.Please write soon!Best wishesDaniel AdamsM1U2Mom: Daniel , I need to talk to you . Dad and I realize there is probably a good explanation for everything, but you are not supposed to act that way.Daniel: Mom , I’m sorry, but I was so angry! Why didn’t you just ask what happened ?Mom: Well , we were angry too. Remember, you were in charge, but the house was in a mess and it looked like you spent all of the cash on pizza instead of dog food. Do you have anything to say to defend yourself ?Daniel: Spot was sick , Mom . We had to use the money to take him to the clinic . We stayed there and waited all day . That’s why we didn’t have time to clean the house.Mom: Anyhow , next time we are on vacation , if you have an emergency like this you should call us .M1U3 ▲Dear dr. HealthI’m very overweight. Since people often laugh at me behind my back when I ride the Underground or go for a walk, I am embarrassed and do not like going out any more. Certainly, I do not feel comfortable going to the gym to work out. Instead, I prefer to exercise at home , and it seems that I am always going on a diet. However, no matter what I do, my efforts to lose weight always end in failure.In truth, my friends say that I am an attractive girl just the way I am, and that I should not worry at all about my waist or my figure. However, I do worry that my weight might damage my health. I’m not sure whether I should take weight-loss pills. There is news about a Canadian actress who suffered liver failure because of taking those pills.What do you think I should do?Best wishesM2U1Life on Earth?Professor Zyke of Mars University reported yesterday that he has found new evidence of life on Earth."it's really quite amazing," Professor Zyker said."If you look at the Earth hard enough, you can see that the creatures on Earth have been busy in the construction of large cities,wide roads and even great walls."This news was immediately dismissed with laughter by other scientists at Mars University.They remember an incident a few years ago, where it was believed that a spaceship from the Earth was taking photos of the surface of Mars. As we now know,the machine that was found looked more like something made by a local schoolboy than anything that could ever travel in space. Professor Zyker, however, continued to defend his research."If astronomers would just look into what I have found, they will see that I'm not making up things.There really is life on Earth."M2U2 ☻Dear TonyThank you for your letter. Your trip sounds exciting! I can’t wait to hear what Africa is like. Since my last letter to you, I have had a little adventure of my own. Early this month, my mother and I took a flight to Dunhuang, in the north-west of China. The desert out there was really quite amazing--- I had never seen so much sand in my life! While we were there, we arranged with a tour company to ride camels. I was very excited because this was the first time I had seen one up close. We had hoped that we would get to see some other wildlife on our trip, but sadly we didn’t. Since you are going to the Sahara, I have some advice----be sure to bring a large hat and a shirt with long sleeves---you’ll need these for protection. The sun can be so brilliant that you’ll need to keep covered or you’ll get burnt----my cheeks were red for days after my trip. And another thing, you’ll need to keep a good supply of water with you, since it’s so dry and hot. I 'm sure you'll have a nice trip. I look forward to receiving your postcards.Best wishes.AihuaM2U326 November 1922Today is the best day of my life! All my years of training as an explorer have finally paid off!After days of labour,making surveys, digging and carrying away earth, we finally found the tomb of Tutankhamun,opened it and saw it and contents. When we broke open the door,the air was so hot and dusty inside that we had trouble breathing.Since it was dark,we had to turn on some flashlights so that we could see. Within the tomb, whichever way we looked there was a fortune in gold and treasure.Everything in the tomb had been preserved from the time of King Tutankhamun's death.After looking into the tomb, we closed it back up again.As we want to have a scientific examination of everything there,we do not want to disturb anything in it until we are ready.Since I am blind, I always live in darkness. It does not make any difference if I am in the street or at my house---wherever I am, it is like I am in a fog, because I can see nothing of the world around me. Going out is an adventure for me. I can remember where the shops are, and I can easily find my way around . However, I always hesitate when I leave the house, because there are many cars and lorries on the streets. I am always anxious when I come to a crossroads, and I have to listen very closely to hear if some car is approaching. As an aid, I carry a stick with me when I go out.I grasp it in my hand and use it to feel the pavement,so I can know if there is something in front of me. Since other people can observe that I am carrying a stick, they can usually guess that I am blind and stay out of my way. At the same time, I often run into things that are up high, such as tree branches, and sometimes hit my head on them.M3U2One big difference between British and American English is in vocabulary.For example, the British use the word "autumn"while the Americans use the word "fall". In this case,the older word is "autumn".However,about four hundred years ago,the word"autumn"was replaced with"fall".Later, the British returned to "autumn",while the Americans still use"fall".Of course,people from many different countries came to America and made their contributions to American English.Indeed, in American English there are words from every major tongue spoken on Earth. Many of these words are absent in British English.Another big distinction between American and British English is spelling. After the Americans defeated the British in 1781 and gained independence, they wanted to make the spelling of English words simpler. therefore,Americans write "color"instead of "colour"Finally, the pronunciations and accents are different. Both countries have slowly changed the way they say the same words,but in different ways. This process is continuing every today.M3U3I often wondered why the people of Pompeii did not run away before the volcano erupted.As it turns out,they did not know what a volcano was.In fact, the Romans did not even have a word for"volcano".They had no idea that a volcano would destroy them.Starting from 20 August AD79,there were some earthquakes near the volcano.However, no one paid them much attention. Then,on 24 August, the mountain exploded, pouring out a cloud of ash.The ash was very hot-----as much as 350。