时间、地点、条件、让步、原因、结果 状语从句讲解 高考英语语法总复习

时间/地点/条件/让步/原因/结果状语从句讲解
2022届高考英语语法总复习
时间状语从句
状语是在句子中修饰动词、形容词、副词等的句子成分，用于表达时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、让步、方式、比较的句子成分。

每一种状语从句都有相对应的引导词如:
时间引导词: when, whenever, while, since, as, until, once, as soon as等。

He was pretty ambitious when he was young. 在他年轻的时候，他相当有野心。

Whenever I come to this park, it would remind me of my carefree childhood.(每当我来到这个公园，我都会回忆起我无忧无虑的童年。

)
While his wife was busy cooking in the kitchen, he was watching TV in the living room.
他妻子在厨房忙于做饭的时候，他在客厅看电视。

(既表示动作同时进行，也形成鲜明对比。

)
As the day went on, the weather got worse. (随着时间天气变得更糟了。

)
since引导的时间状语有一个特殊的点需要指出，先看例句:
It is five years since I smoked.
应翻译为:
我戒烟已经五年了。

(It is +时间段+since 后所接动词是延续性动词表示时间从该动作结束那一刻开始)。

I have smoked for five years.
我已经吸烟五年了。

地点状语从句
地点状语从句就是一个从句在句子中表示地点、方位的句子。

常见引导词:where, wherever anywhere, everywhere.
1，where引导的状语从句
Where there is a will, there is a way.
有志者，事竟成。

I found my book where I lost it.
我在书丢的地方找到了它。

I shall meet him where I first met him.
我将在我第一次见他的地方去见他。

2，wherever引导的地点状语从句
Wherever you go, I will be right here waiting for you.
无论你去哪里，我都在这里等你。

I will go wherever I want .
我想去哪儿就去哪儿。

3，anywhere 引导的地点状语从句
I will take you anywhere you like.
我将会带你去任何你喜欢的地儿。

4，everywhere 引导的地点状语
Everywhere they appeared, there were ovations.
他们每到一处都收到热烈欢迎。

条件状语从句
条件状语从句就是指两个句子是”条件与结果“的关系：事件A导致了事件B。

如果A，那么B，A就是条件，B就是结果。

例如句子：如果没有网络，生活将会很枯燥。

如果所有人都乘坐公共交通的话，道路就会畅通很多。

只要你开心，其他任何事都不重要。

引导条件状语从句的引导词（组）主要有if, unless, so (as) long as, on condition that, so (as) far as, if only ( = if )。

If there were no Internet, life would be very boring.
If all commuters take public transportation, the traffic will be much smoother.
As long as you are happy, nothing else matters.
条件状语从句：
表示将来会发生的事，”主将从现“。

表示客观事实或习惯性动作，”主现从现“。

Unless you have a photographic memory, repetition is vital.
如果你没有过目不忘的记忆，重复是很重要的。

As long as I come across a bottleneck, I'd like to bum around this place for inspiration.
只要我遇到了”瓶颈“，我都会在这里四处随便逛逛，找灵感。

If we run the system for free, there will be less money for the daily expenses.
如果我们免费运作这个系统，将会削减人们的日常开销。

让步状语从句
“让步”就是退一步来讲，仍然成立。

比如我非常爱打篮球，一般风和日丽的放学午后约三五好友去操场打球是很爽的。

但对于我来说，即使天气条件糟糕的很，是阴天，是雪天，我也一如既往去打球(即使最差条件也接受）。

或者一般好看的都有对象，但对于某些人，虽然他帅气多金，依然是黄金单身汉。

有担当的人会说无论出什么事情，我们愿意承担全部责任。

这些由“即使”，“虽然”，“无论”所引导的句子都是在做出“让步”。

引导让步状语从句的连接词有：although, though, even if, even though, as, 疑问词+ ever ，no matter + 疑问词. as引导让步状语从句要半倒装。

Even if my body coordination is poor, I am fascinated with dancing.
即使我身体协调性差，我还是喜欢跳舞。

Much as he disagreed with the idea, he was willing to go along with the majority.
尽管他很不同意这个观点，但是他还是愿意随大流。

Child as he is, he knows a lot.
虽然他是个孩子，但他懂得很多。

Although (though) he was over sixty,(yet) he began to learn French .
虽然他60多岁了，但仍开始学习法语。

No matter who takes up the matter for me, I shall be very grateful.
不管谁为我出来这件事，我都将非常感激。

原因状语从句
常见的原因状语引导词：because, as, since, for, now that, seeing that等。

because从句所表示的是对方不知道的直接的原因，因此在回答why引导的特殊疑问句时只可用because, 语气最强。

eg.Why were you late for class today?(今天为什么迟到了？）--Because my alarm clock didn't go off this morning.（因为今早我的闹钟没响）I am really into watching American sitcom mainly because it is beneficial for boosting my English level. 我喜欢看美剧最主要的原因就是它可以提高我的英文口语水平。

语气最强，所以常用于强调句。

It is because he is witty that we all like him.正是因为他非常诙谐幽默所以我们都很喜欢他。

2. since 表示既然或者全已知的理由，稍加分析即可表明的原因，多放于句首。

语气较之弱一点。

Since everyone is ready, let's begin it.
既然每个人都准备好了，我们开始吧。

Since I used to be a nerdy man, I' d like to have a healthier life by doing some sports.
因为过去过着一种书呆子生活，所以想通过做运动过得更健康些。

3. as 引导的原因状语从句，as从句常放在句首，说明原因，主句说明结果，常用于口语中。

As it's raining outside, you'd better take a taxi.
既然外边下雨了，你最好打个车。

It is a very popular tourist destination, especially for families,as it brings history for the children.
它是一个非常受欢迎的旅游目的地，尤其是对家庭来说，因为它为孩子们展示了栩栩如生的历史
4. for往往用于附加理由证明，对前面一句进行解释，有时表示其理由具有推测性。

一般放句尾。

We listened carefully, for the speech was very important.
我们认真听讲因为这个演讲很重要。

The day gets long, for it is summer now.
白天变长因为现在是夏天了。

5. seeing (that), now that 和since, as 意义相似，他们都有“鉴于某个事实”的意思，that
可以省去
Seeing that I live further uptown than you, I could, theoretically, pick you up.
鉴于我住得比你远，理论上，我可以捎带你一程。

Now that he understood, he anger faded away.
既然她明白了，她的怒气就消了。

结果状语从句
结果状语从句是相对较为简单的一类状语从句。

常用连词so that, so...that; such...that 引导的句子。

常译为：如此……以至于。

1. so that 前一般有逗号，表示其引导的是结果状语从句而非目的状语从句。

We turned up the radio, so that everyone heard the news.
我们调高了收音机音量，结果每个人都听到了。

He spoke at the top of his voice, so that the students at the back heard him.
他说话声音很大，结果后面的同学都听到了。

The room was packed with people, so that we couldn't get in.
房间里挤满了人，结果我们进不去。

2. so +adj/adv+that... 也就是说so 后边只能跟形容词和副词。

I was so excited that I couldn’t say a word.
我当时激动得无以言表。

He ran so fast that we couldn't keep up with him.
他跑得如此快以至于我们都跟不上他。

She spoke English so clearly that all of us could understand her。

她英语说得如此清晰以至于我们都能听懂。

3. such + n.+ that...也就是说such后只能跟名词。

以及so+little/few/much/many+n+that. The chef cooked such nice food that we ate up at the end of the dinner.
主厨做了如此美味的食物以至于我们最后吃光了所有。

These were such interesting books that we kept reading until the end of the class.
有如此有趣书籍以至于我们坚持读到下课。

He earned so little money that he couldn't support his family.
他钱挣得如此少以至于无法养家糊口。