(word完整版)高中定语从句知识结构图解
高中语法定语从句(46张PPT)
• The girl who is lovely is my e-pal. • The girl in red is my e-pal. • The girl who is in red is my e-pal. • The girl sitting on the chair is my
主句
从句
There is a girl who came to see you this morning.
先行词
关系代词
连接 代词 作主语
• The book which my brother bought is very interesting.
• The teacher who I first met in high school is Mr. Liu.
• The reason why he refused the invitation is quite clear.
指代 在从句中的作用
时间 地点 原因
时间状语 地点状语 原因状语
I will never forget the day. I was born on that day.
主句
从句
I will never forget the day when I
was born.
先行词
关系副词
连接 副词 作状语
• This is the museum where the exhibition was held.
1. whose 通常指人，也可指物，在定语从 句中做定语
• This is the desk _w__h_o_s_e_ legs are broken.
2019-2020学年新人教版高中英语新教案：必修一 定语从句专题讲解(详细) Word版
姓名，年级：时间：定语从句知识导图引入Mary is a girl who is happy。
概念定语从句：在复合句中起形容词作用，作定语，修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。
关系词：连接先行词和从句的词叫关系词.注意：关系词指代先行词，并在句子起连接作用，连接主句和从句，同时又在定语从句中充当成分（主、宾、表、状等）关系词根据其在从句中所充当的成分可以分为：关系代词：在从句中做主、宾、表、定（that/which/who/whom/whose/as）关系副词：在从句中作状语（When/where/why)关系代词和关系副词用法注：高考试题中对于where的考查趋于复杂，从先行词为“明显的地点”转化“模糊化的地点”。
事实上，对于where这个词,考生不能只理解为表地点，当先行词表示某人/物的situation,或某事所发展的stage和point，或表达某事的某个方面时都可用where这个关系副词.常见的抽象名词作先行词的有：point， position， situation，stage，state，case， scene 等。
He said if we ever got to the point where we needed to use life jackets， he would have already died of terror.他说假定我们真的到了需要用救生衣的地步，他早就吓死了。
定语从句的分类1)限制性定语从句:从句不可少，没有它，先行词的意思不明确，主句也不完整。
与先行词之间不用逗号。
Mary is a girl who has long hair先行词关系词定语从句关系代词关系副词2)非限制性定语从句:是对先行词的补充说明或描绘作用，没有它不会影响先行词或主句意思的完整性。
从句一般用逗号同主句分开。
has won a scholarship。
(2021年整理)定语从句思维导图(高中版)
(完整版)定语从句思维导图(高中版)
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（完整版)定语从句思维导图（高中版）
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高中定语从句课件PPT(条理清晰)
常见关系词：that, which, who, whom, whose, when, where, why, as
先行词与关系词的联系
• 1）"先行词"与"关系词"的内在联系"先行词"与"关 系词"之间实质上是互等、互换的关系。也就是说， 关系词的作用就是将先行词所表达意义"代到"从 句中来起作用。例如：
二：先行词已有序数词或形容词的最高级或the last, the only等作定语时，例如：
This is the most impressive TV theater that has never been put on show before. 这是以前从未上演过的最有感染力的电视剧。
That is the only way that leads to your success . 那是通向你成功的唯一之路。
Do you know the man whom you just spoke to? 错误：I have no idea about the man whom wrote the article.
• 关系代词whose ：用于代替"表示人或物意义"的 先行词，在从句中作定语，往往与它所修饰的名 词一起构成一个名词短语在从句中担当成分。 Whose常表达"某人的、某物的"之意。例如：
• 2）“先行词”的意义决定“关系词”的选择“关 系词”的选择往往是由“先行词”自身表达的意 义，以及它在从句中的语法功能而决定的。例如：
• Some people who are successful language learners often fail in other fields.
高中英语定语从句关系词课件(17张PPT)
In order to catch up with the earliest bus, I got up at 5a.m.
②表结果：
不定式作结果状语常用在下列结构中：so…as to, such…as to, …enough to, only to(常表示意外结果或 事与愿违的结果)，too…to等。
He is said to have gone abroad. Heat is considered to be a form of energy. You are supposed to pay the bill by Friday. The book is reported to be translated into 30 languages. The patient is believed to have been saved.
I was very happy to see her yesterday.
The teacher was disappointed to see him sleeping in class.
注: 1. 不定式的否定。not +不定式 例： Tell him not to be late.
The policeman told the boys not to play in the street. 2.不定式与疑问词连用,
一、作主语(表示某一次动作；单个不定式作主 语时谓语用单数) To finish the work in ten minutes is very hard.
To lose your heart means failure.
(完整版)英语语法之定语从句
定语从句定语从句的两个重要见解：先行词和关系词：先行词：被定语从句所修饰的对象称为先行词。
关系词：重复指代先行词，起连结主句和从句的作用，并且在定语从句中充任必定成分的连结词称为关系词。
关系词有两个作用：1.代词的作用：重复指代先行词并且在定语从句中充任必定成分，比方 I don’t like people who never keep their word. 中的 who 指代 people 并且作从句的主语。
2.连结作用：即连结主句和从句，如上句 who 起着连结主句 I don’tlike people 和从句 who never keep their word 的作用关系词在定语从句充任的成分在上一节中，在谈到关系词的“代词作用”时，提到它“重复指代先行词并且在定语从句中充任必定的成分” 。
所以接下来的解析思路是，以关系词为出发点，从两个角度来谈定语从句：一是关系词在从句中所能充任的各样不同样样成分；二是关系词与先行词的对应关系，即不同样样的先行词要由不同样样的关系词来指代。
关系词用作从句的主语1.I like guys and they have a good sense of humor.↓2.I like guys who have a good sense of humor.点睛：这里的关系词 who 代替 and they，来指引定语从句 who have a good sense of humor,修饰名词 guys。
这个 guys 就是先行词。
翻译：我喜爱有风趣感的男生。
3.Anger is a thief who steals away the nice moments.翻译：生气就忧如一个窃贼，偷取了我们的幸福光阴。
4.He who is not handsome at twenty, nor strong at thirty, nor rich at forty,nor wise at fifty, will never be handsome, rich or wise.翻译：一个人若在 20 岁时不俊秀， 30 岁不健康， 40 岁不丰饶， 50 岁时不理智，那么他将永久不会拥有这些。
高中英语语法复习——定语从句(共45张ppt)
2、先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词或 者代词叫做先行词。定语从句通常 置于它所修饰的成分之后。
eg: The boy who is playing basketball is my younger brother.
3、关系词：引导定语从句的关联词就叫关系 词。
A. 把从句和主句中被修饰的先行词连接在 一起．
2. I think the day will finally come______ air pollution can be put under control. A. that B. which C. when D. as
3. This is the store______ we visited the famous shop assistant. A. where B. there C. that D. which
结构分析： 系词所指代的先行词在句中作 know的宾语。
4. I don’t like the way _____ you speak to her. A. / B. that C. in which D. all A, B and C
特别注意!（5）
在实践中会遇到很多形似定语从句的句子，要 注意定语从句与其它从句的结构上的细微差别, 能够正确区分使用它们.
couldn’t be found.
A. that
B.where C. in which D. in that
The places couldn’t be found.可知关 系词所指代的先行词在句中作主语。
结构分析：
3. This is the reason ______ he has always been eager to know for these years. A. which B. why C. for which D. because He has always been eager to know the reason for these years.可知关
超全的定语从句的讲解和练习
定语从句知识结构图解概念：定语可以由形容词,名词,代词,分词,不定式以及介词短语等来担任，也可以由一个句子来充当，充当定语功能的句主,宾，表，定先行词与定语从句之间有逗号隔开)(可以省略that)which且不能省略）修饰等There are many young menwho are against him.Tom, who is my best friend, has gone abroad to study.Let me show you the novel that I borrowed from the librarywhich is newly open to us.①先行词是不定代词如②先行词被This is the very book that I want.She described in her compositions the people and用that④先行词前有序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。
This is the best book that I have ever read.This is the first film⑤定语从句中套定语从句，其中一个关系词以用He built a factory which produced thingsthat had never been seen before.定Who is the person that is standing at the gate?语定语从句从★Such/so句Taiwan is an inseparable part of China, as is known to all.①WhenI still remember the day when I first came to Beijing.②Where① way在定语从句中做状语时的三种引导方式that / in which / 不填The way in which / that / 不填he explains the sentence to us is quite simple.比较: The way which /that/不填he told to us was quite simple.（★way在定语中作tell的宾语）③先行词reason①⒎介词+④Here is the money定注意:语定语从句10从句①当先行词是⒐定语从句的注意：Ⅰ.关系代词whose的用法。
(word完整版)英语定语从句用法详解
英语定语从句用法详解在复合句中，修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句，被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，引导定语从句的有关系代词 who, whom, whose， which, that等和关系副词where， when, why等，关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中担任句子成份.1.由who引导的定语从句中， who用作主语，如： This is the boy who often helps me.2。
由whom引导的定语从句中，whom用作宾语，如：The man whom you are waiting for has gone home.3.由whose引导的定语从句中， whose用作定语，如： Do you know the girl whose skirt is white? 4。
由which引导的定语从句中，which用作主语或谓语动词的宾语或介词的宾语，如：The room in which there is a machine is a work shop。
The river which is in front of my house is very clean.This is the pen which you want。
注意：(1）whom, which用作介词宾语时，介词可放在 whom、which之前 , 也可放在从句原来的位置上;但在含有介词的动词固定词组中，介词只能放在原来的位置上。
如： He is the very person whom we must take good care of.(2）引导非限制性定语从句时，必须用关系代词which，不用that，如：I have lostmy bag， which I like very much.（3）关系代词在句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词的人称和数必须和先行词保持一致.5.由that引导的定语从句中，that可以指人或物,在从句中作主语或谓语动词的宾语，但不能放在介词后面作介词宾语,如：The book that I bought yesterday was written by Lu Xun.注意在下面几种情况下必须用 that引导定语从句。
高中定语从句课件详解条理清晰.ppt
需要了解的概念
先行词： 定语从句所修饰的词称为先行词 通常是由名词或代词充当 They are the boys who you like to play with. Friends are those who make you smile, always share your happiness and sorrows.
• ①Such teachers as know Tom think him bright. 先行词为人such teachers， as作主 语
在非限定性定语从句中：as可以作为关系代 词引导非限定性定语从句时，as是指全句： 也就是说，将整个主句看成一件事或是一 个事实；并对其进行补充、说明。这种非 限定性定语从句既可以放在主句之前，也 可以放在主句之后。
例如：
As的用法
• as引导的定语从句修饰表人或物的先行词， 即先行词可以是人也可以是物；在定语从 句中可以做主语、宾语或表语；常用于the same…as…/such…as…/as(so)…as…句 型，as不论在定语从句中作何成分，均不 能省略。
• 有许多声音有意义但不是词。
• Tell him to go to the classroom where we often have our English class.
• 如果把这个复合句拆成两个分句，那就是：
• tell him to go to the classroom. We often have our English class in the classroom.
只用that的情况
一：先行词本身是all , everything , something , nothing , anything等不定代词时，例如： Anything that can burn is a source of heat energy. 任何能够燃烧的东西都是热能源。 There must be something that happened to you . 你一定出了什么事。 They had nothing that could cure of his disease . 他们没有一点能治愈他疾病的东西了。
高中英语语法-定语从句详解(共111张PPT)
her The girl we saw
yesterday is Mary.
Join the following sentences:
The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday.
her The girl we saw
yesterday is Mary.
Join the following sentences:
哪个关联词
句子结构分析 各种从句的区别 关联词的选用
句子成分&结构
句子结构分析
抓主干
1. I like popular music. 2. The girl laughed in her room. 3. The plane crashed and killed all 200
people aboard. 4. He was adopted when he was 13. 5. We offered him our congratulations. 6. I can’t stand staying at home all day
• Have you seen the film Titanic, _____ leading actor is world famous?
A. its
B. it’s
C. whose
D. which
which
• China is an ancient country of civilization which has a history of more than 5, 000 years.
our school.
1. Women often go shopping.
2. I have worked hard on my English for quite a few years.
高中英语定语从句 (共43张PPT)
1 定语从句（二）
一、只使用that的情况：
7. 先行词为数词时。 Look at the books on the bookshelf. You can see the two that you bought me for my birthday. 瞧书架上那些书。你可以看到我过生日时你买的那两本。
a brave boya boy with Nhomakorabealasses
a boy who is brave and wearing glasses
3 定语从句
2. 什么成分可以作定语？
1.My brother likes playing basketball. 我兄弟喜欢打篮球。（代词作前置定语）
2.There are few women workers in the factory. 这个工厂女工很少。（形容词、名词作前置定语）
1
定语从句（二）
1 定语从句（二）
一、只使用that的情况：
1.先行词为all, few, little, much, the one, something, anything, everything, nothing等时。 We'll do all that we can to protect the endangered plants and animals. 我们将尽我们的最大努力来保护那些濒危的动植物。 There is much that I want to tell you. 我有很多想要告诉你的话。 Is there anything that I can do for you? 有什么我可以帮你的吗？
5.先行词指人或物且在定语从句中作定语，用whose或of whom/of which引导。 This is the scientist whose achievements are well known. = This is the scientist, of whom the achievements are well known. = This is the scientist, the achievements of whom are well known. This is the house whose window broke last night. = This is the house, of which the window broke last night. = This is the house, the window of which broke last night.
图解语法之定语从句
图解语法之定语从句作者：蒋春美夏春来来源：《新高考·高一英语》2012年第03期同学们从初中就开始接触定语从句，定语从句更是近几年每年高考的必考知识点（2004-2011江苏卷试题中每年都有一道与定语从句相关的试题）。
定语从句的难点在于关系代词、关系副词的选择及各类关系代词、关系副词的区分。
本文将通过图表来讲解定语从句用法，以帮助同学们更好的掌握这一重要语法。
一、基本概念1. 先行词：被定语从句修饰的词称为先行词。
例如：This is the place which is worth visiting. 句子名词the place 被定语从句修饰，为先行词。
2. 关系词：引导定语从句的都称关系词。
可分为：关系代词（who, whom, which, that, whose, as）和关系副词（when, where, why）。
3. 关系词的三大作用：（1）连接作用：关系词引导定语从句，把主句和从句连接起来。
（2）替代作用：关系词在从句中替代前面的先行词。
（3）成分作用：关系词在从句中总是充当句子的成分。
关系代词做主语、宾语、表语或定语。
关系副词做状语。
例如：He has two sons who work in the same company. 句子who为关系代词，连接主句He has two sons和定语从句。
who替代先行词two sons并在定语从句中做主语。
4. 位置：定语从句置于被修饰词之后二、如何判断关系代词和关系副词如何区分关系代词和关系副词是困扰很多学生的一大难题。
下面将结合图1，谈谈如何快速高效地识别关系代词和关系副词，从而提高定语从句解题的正确率。
关系代词和关系副词的用法区别：①关代在定从中作主、宾、表语。
而关副在定从中作状语。
②分析时要从动词的及物性或有无介词考虑。
例如： This is the factory where my father once worked. 这是我父亲曾工作过的工厂。
定语从句_关系代词
定语从句（I ）语法图解一、 定义1.在主从复合句中，对某一名词或代词起修饰作用的从句叫定语从句。
被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，引导定语从句的词叫关系词。
2.关系词分为关系代词（that, which, who, whose, whom, as 等）和关系副词（when, where, why等）两类。
二、 关系代词的基本用法1. who 指人，在定语从句中可以充当主语、宾语或表语。
The children who were injured in a car accident are being treated in the hospital now.在车祸中受伤的孩子们现在正在医院接受治疗。
Danny was the man who we rescued from the ruins.丹尼是我们从废墟中救出来的那个人。
2.whom指人，在定语从句中作宾语，可省略，也可用who代替。
Rose is the person（who/whom）you should care about.罗丝是你应该关心的人。
The boy（whom）the teacher often praises is their monitor.老师经常表扬的那个男孩是他们的班长。
3.whose既可以指人，也可以指物，表示“所属”关系，whose在定语从句中作定语。
I know the person whose house was destroyed in the earthquake.我认识那个人，他的房子在地震中被摧毁了。
He lives in a room whose window faces north.他住在一个窗子朝北的房间里。
4.which指事物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语，作宾语时可省略。
The young man was very happy to get back the gold ring （which）he had lost on the train.那个年轻人领回了在火车上丢失的金戒指，非常高兴。
(完整版)定语从句思维导图(高中版)(可编辑修改word版)
/定语：修饰和限定名词/代词的语法成分 定语从句：充当定语的从句，由关系词引导 1,作主语：which, that, who 关系代词 /^2,作宾语：which, that, whom, who(^正式文体) 1二表地点性关系:where^-^关系畐司 么2,表时间关系：when,.3,表因果关系：why (先行词只有reason)1， such as2，the same as特殊关系\3, soas准关系代词but1,在从句中做宾语关系代词 2，the way (in which)3,定语从句句末介词，关系代词whicK 略1，the time (when)关系副谓!_/2, the place (where)^^3，the reason (why). -rm...非限定性定语从句 只用which 不用that 奶司之后序数词，如the first最高级，如the best人混物，如teachers and schools不定代词，如anything, something, nothing其他*® 限足性足语从句与印艮足性足语从句介词+关系代词指人，只能用whom^3,作表语：which, that ，whom ，who(非正式文体) as 的用法与which —致，但意恩不同than I 、 |关系代词which ，可以指代整句话 疋语从句 非限定性定语从句主从复合结构：towhose surprise ，from whose effects 受其影响准关系代词as 介词位于从句句尾，关系代词which 可省略？ 地点介词+which介词+关系代词which/ 2,时间介词+whichfor(B 为)+which省略特殊wonder at 让人惊奇的词/词_ --------------- 关系限定结构#只甬that 不用which重要不及物动词 qo^Qqo to。
高中英语定语从句(共21张PPT)
• 2. I’ve just met a lady _w__h_o_m__ I saw last night. • 3. Is this the farm _w__h_e_r_e_ they work? • 4. I’d like a room _w__h_o_s__e__ window looks out
D. that
9. Where is the boy ___C_____ you have borrowed
the dictionary?
A. to whom
B. whom
C. from whom
D. for who
10. Jane is a nurse in the hospital, ____D____ she
2. We went to Shanghai _w_h__e_r_e we once lived.
Ex.4
1.They work in a factory _w_h__ic_h_makes radio parts. 2.They work in a factory _w_h__e_re_radio parts are
interested him greatly in the school.
5. There is no dictionary _th__a_t_ you can find
everything.
6. Which of the books _t_h_a_t__were borrowed from
him is the best?
Eg. This is the most interesting book __t_h_a_t_ I have
ever read.
定语从句讲解PPT图表
__ Jurassic Park is about a park where ______ (a very rich man keeps _ different ________ Kinds of dinosaurs). __ film). 1958 was the yearwhen ______ (Spielberg made his first real ______ _ _ Please give me the reasonwhy _____ (you made such a great success _____ ___ whe ___ Morning is the best time ______ (you practise reading aloud). _____ n _ ________ where Do you remember the lake ________ (you first met your girlfriend.）
3. 根据先行词与介词的搭配习惯，请体会： e.g. 1949 was the year in which the P.R.C. was founded.
考点五：关系代词前介词的确定
4.非限制性定与从句中，要表示先行词的一部分时， 可用“数词/代词 + of + 关系代词”的结构，如： e.g. There are 50 students in our class, twoof whom have been to Beijing. thirds
考点一:如何判定用关系代词还是用关系副词
3、如定语从句中谓语结构是被动结构，有主语，则用关系副词。
Kunming is a beautiful place wher ______ ( flowers are seen all the year round). e October 1st is the day ________ when ( new China was founded).
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图解定语从句概念：定语可以由形容词,名词,代词,分词,不定式以及介词短语等来担任，也可以由一个句子来充当，充当定语功能的句子称为定语从句。
①指人的先行词⒈先行词：被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词②指物的先行词★先行词还可以是前面整个句子所叙述的事情。
He has passed the driving test, which surprises all of us.先行词(which替代前面所叙述的事情)①替代前面的先行词（替代作用）关系词的作用②连接主句和定语从句（连接作用）③在定语从句中作句子成分（成分作用）定语从句“三要素”⒉关系词:引导定语的词标准:根据关系词在从句中做的句子成分种类关系词的分类关系代词：在从句中做主,宾，表，定（that/which/who/whom/whose/as）关系副词：在从句中作状语(When/where/why)⒊定语从句：用来做定语，修饰限定先行词的句子。
①限制性定语从句：对先行词起限定修饰作用。
定He is a teacher who works at our school.定语从句②非限制性定语从句：对先行词起补充说明作用的分类 (先行词与定语从句之间有逗号隔开)语Beijing, which is the capital of China, is a beautiful city with a long history.比较:He has two sons, who work in the same company.(He has only two sons.)从He has two sons who work in the same company.(Perhaps he has two more sons)句定语从句几个难点①关系代词在定语从句中作宾语She is the girl (whom / that) I loved before.(可以省略whom/that)②关系代词在定语从句中作表语⒈关系代词的省略He is no longer the boy (that) he used to be.(可以省略that)限定性定语从句③关系代词作介词宾语，介词在从句句尾时可以省略比较:Housing price is a problem (that/which) people are interested in.Housing price is a problem in which people are interested.（此时只能用which且不能省略）①以疑问词who开头的句子中Who is the man that is shouting there?②关系代词在从句中作表语时用that的情况She is not the girl that she used to be.③先行词被the very, the right, the only修饰This is the very person that we are looking for.⒉先行词是人that/who的区别①行词是one, ones, anybody, all, none, those等Those who want to go to the cinema willhave to wait at the gate of the school.②句子中有两个定语从句,一个用了that,另外一个用who用who的情况Who is the boy that won the gold medal?③在there be 结构中There are many young men who are against him.④在非限定性定语从句当中Tom, who is my best friend, has gone abroad to study.①在非限定性定语从句中.She lost the game, which depressed her greatly.②关系词置于介词之后,作宾语.The pen with which you write is Jack’s.用which的情况③先行词是that或定语从句中套定语从句,一个关系词用that,另一个用which.Let me show you the novel that I borrowed fromthe library which is newly open to us.①先行词是不定代词如all, little, few, much,⒊先行词是物anything, everything, nothing, none, no one等that / which She did all that she could to help us.的区别②先行词被all, every, no, some, little, much,the only,the very, the right等所修饰时This is the very book that I want.③先行词中既有人又有物时She described in her compositions the people and用that的情况the places that impressed her most.④先行词前有序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。
This is the best book that I have ever read.This is the first film that I’ve seen since I came here.⑤定语从句中套定语从句，其中一个关系词以用which,另外一个用thatHe built a factory which produced thingsthat had never been seen before.⑥当主句的主语是疑问词which,另一个用thatWho is the person that is standing at the gate?①As 既可以引导限制性定语从句也可以用于非限定性定句中充当主语，宾语，表语等。
常用于以下句型当中★Such/so….. as…. 像…..一样the same …. as… 和…...同样的A computer is so useful a machine as we can use everyday.⒋As引导定语He is not the same man as he was.从句的用法②引导非限制性定语从句。
表示说话人的看法,态度,评论等。
此时译为“正如，像”等。
可以放在句首，句中或句末。
As I remember, there were a net bar here.Taiwan is an inseparable part of China, as is known to all.★the same as...和the same that...引导定语从句的区别This is the same bike that I lost yesterday. (同一事物)This is the same bike as I lost yesterday. （同类事物）①When 在定语从句中做时间状语，先行词为表示时间的time, day等I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing.（when=on which）②Where在定语从句中做地点状语，先行词为表地点的place, spot等Can you tell me the office where he works? (where = in which)③Why在定语从句中做原因状语，先行词只有reason.⒌关系副词的运用★★case(情形)，situation, position(位置),stage (阶段)，point（地步）等What are the situations where body language is the only form of communication?在哪些情况下身体语言是唯一的沟通方式（此时where = in which）① way that / in which /不填The way in which / that / 不填he explains the sentence to us is quite simple.比较: The way which /that/不填he told to us was quite simple（★way在定语中作tell的宾语）time表示“次数”时，用关系代词that引导定语从句⒍几个特殊②先行词time This is the first time that the president has visited the country.的先行词time作“一段时间”讲时，应用关系副词whenThis was the time when there were no radios,no telephones or no TV sets.（★此时when = during which在..期间）③先行词reason4种引导方式why/for which/that/This is the reason why/for which/that/不填he can not come here.比较：Is this the reason that/which/不填he explained to us for his absence from the conference.（★reason 在定语从句中做explain的宾语）★该结构的关系代词只有两种即介词+which（指物）介词+whom（指人）★该结构介词的选用原则：①根据定语从句中谓语动词的习惯搭配This is the book on which I spent $ 8.This is the book for which I paid $ 8.②根据现行词的搭配习惯I remember the days during which I lived there.I remember the day on which I graduated from university.⒎介词+关系代词③根据整个句子所表达的意思来决定The colorless gas without which we can’t live is called oxygen.④英语中为了强调某一名词，不定式前面也可以加上关系代词。
Here is the money with which to buy the piano.She is the right person on whom to depend.注意:Ⅰ如果介词后移，关系代词可以省略The person (whom/who/that) you will write to is Todd.Ⅱ有些含有介词的动词短语介词不能提前如look for/after; take care of; send for; hear from/of/about deal with等This is the baby that you will look after.①当先行词是one of + 复数名词，定语从句的位于动词要用复数形式The Great Wall is one of the world-famous buildings that draw lots of visitor every year.⒏定语从句的主谓一致②当先行词是the only + one of +复数名词，从句谓语用单数形式The Great Wall is the only one of the buildings on the earth that is seen from the moon.③先行词如果是整个句子，定语从句的谓语动词用单数Great changes have taken place in China, as is known to all.He has passed the driving test, which surprises all of us.定语从句可以转换为–ing或-ed形式⒐定语从句的The girl (who is) dancing now just returned from Taiwang.转化I love the stories (which were) written by Hemingway.The man (who stands) standing there is my friend.①判断从句是否为定语从句（先行词，关系词，定语从句）②准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分 (主、宾、表、定、状)10.定语从句的从而正确选定使用关系代词或关系副词解题方法例:Is this the museum ___ you visited a few days ago?Is this the museum ____ the exhibition was held？A. whereB. thatC. on whichD. whatI’d like a room whose window / the window of which faces the sea.Ⅱ.That引导定语从句，名词性从句和强调句型的区别定语从句中的that: 关系代词，在后面的定语从句中做句子成分。