初中时间状语从句语法及练习教案资.doc
初中时间状语从句语法及练习教案资
英语时间状语从句讲解与练习(一)when, while 和as 引导时间状语从句的用法一、when 的用法如果只从现象来看,when 从句用的最多的是大凡过去时,而主句的时态没有限制,根据具体情况而定。
1. When he was a child he was always trying out new ideas.他小时候就常常试验一些新的设想。
2. When she came into my room, I was just reading a book.她走进我房间时,我正在看书。
根据以上的例句,我们可以总结出一点:when 从句的A事件,相当于另一个事件B发生的时间点。
也就是说,when 从句的重点不在动作本身发生的状态,而只是把它作为一个时间点,所以when 多数情况下用的是大凡过去时,则不用正在进行时。
因为如果用正在进行时,它表示的就是一段时间而不是一个时间点了。
根据这一点,有的文章补充说:when 从句的动词大多是瞬时动词。
这种说法也可以参照。
实际上,when 从句也可以有其它的时态,但几乎也不用进行时,因为它也只是作为一个时间参照点。
例如:1. When I got to the airport, the guests had left.当我赶到飞机场时,客人们已经离开了。
2. When he had finished his homework, he took a short rest.当他完成作业后,他休息了一会儿。
3. Why do you want a new job when you have got such a good one already?你已经找到如此好的工作,为何还想再找新的?二、while 的用法相比于when 来说,while 从句的侧重点就不一样了。
while 从句的侧重点在于描述动作正在发生的状态,它的意思是:当while 事件正在发生的时候,另一件事如何如何。
英语时间状语从句教案
英语时间状语从句教案Lesson Plan: Adverbial Clauses of Time.Learning Objectives:Students will be able to identify different types of adverbial clauses of time.Students will be able to correctly use adverbial clauses of time in their own writing and speech.Students will be able to explain the grammatical structure of adverbial clauses of time.Materials:Whiteboard or chart paper.Markers.Handouts on adverbial clauses of time.Examples of sentences containing adverbial clauses of time.Procedure:1. Introduction (5 minutes)。
Begin by reviewing the concept of adverbial clauses.Explain that adverbial clauses of time express when something happens or will happen.2. Types of Adverbial Clauses of Time (10 minutes)。
List the different types of adverbial clauses of time:Subordinating conjunctions: after, before, until, since, when, while.Time phrases: at the moment, by the time, the nexttime.Noun clauses: the time when, the moment that.Give examples of each type.3. Structure of Adverbial Clauses of Time (10 minutes)。
时间状语从句(含练习及答案)
以when 引导的时间状语从句- When I got home, my son had finished his homework. (主句动作发生在从句之前)- When(当...时候, 主语+did) we arrived, it was raining.- When(正当...时候,主语+be+doing) I was playing the computer games, my mum came in. - He is always nervous when he speaks to strangers.- I usually walk to school when it rains.以while 引导的时间状语从句- While I was reading, my brother was playing with his toy cars. (主从句子动作同时发生)- While/When/As he was studying in the library, I saw him. (表示一段时间时,while/when/as 可替换)while引导的从句的谓语动词必须是持续性动作:I saw him while(x) I was getting off the bus.(x)I saw him when/as I was getting off the bus.以as 引导的时间状语从句- He will grow wiser as he grows older. 随着年龄的增长,他会聪明起来。
(随着,表示时间的推移,这时,不用when/while)- He entered the room as/when/while the meeting was going on. 正当开会的时候,他走进房间。
以before引导的时间状语从句- He had washed his hands before he had dinner. (主句动作先于从句动作)- Please clean the house before you move in.以after 引导的时间状语从句- She went on holiday after she had taken the examination. (从句动作先于主句)- You can watch TV after you finish your homework.以since 引导的时间状语从句- She has been in the house since she came to the city. (主句完成时态,从句过去时)- I have taught them English since last year.以as soon as引导的时间状语从句- I will write to you as soon as I get to America. 我一到美国就会给你写信。
时间状语从句讲解和练习(答案)(可编辑修改word版)
时间状语从句用句子表达一件事情或一个行为发生的时间,这个句子就叫时间状语从句。
时间状语从句根据其所表示的时间不同,所使用的连词也不同。
下面我们一起来看一下几个常见的时间状语从句:1. when 引导的从句:表示主句的动作和从句的动作同时发生,或从句的动作发生在主句动作之前。
例如:I was going out when a visitor came. (动词动作同时发生。
)我正要出门,有客人来访。
I shall tell her the good news when she comes.她来时,我将告诉她这个好消息。
小试牛刀:I found mother cooking for me. I got home.(when)He was listening to the radio when I home. (get)2. while 引导的从句:表示“当……过程中”,强调某一段时间内主句和从句中谓语动词所表示的动作在同一时期发生。
由于while 从句表示一个持续的行为,所以从句中要用持续性动词,并且持续性动词常用进行时态。
例如:Keep an eye on my little sister while I am away.我不在时,请照看一下我的小妹妹。
While we were watching TV, Jim came in. 我们看电视的时候,Jim 进来了。
小试牛刀:It started to rain. We were playing football.(while)Lucy was cleaning the room Lily was listening to music.3. as 引导的时间状语从句:表示“当……的时候;一边……一边……;随着……”,其从句的主语与主句的主语往往是同一人或物。
例如:She sang as she worked. 她一边工作一边唱歌。
=She was singing as she was working.I saw him as he was getting off the bus. 正当他下公共汽车时, 我看见了他。
中考英语语法讲解资料及练第15讲:状语从句
中考英语语法讲解资料及练习第15讲:状语从句状语从句是句子的状语由一个从句充当,来修饰主句中的动词,形容词或副词等。
状语从句都由从属连词引导,与主句连接,放在句末时,一般不在前面加逗号。
状语从句根据它表示的意思可分为时间,原因,条件,比较,结果,目的等类。
下面我们拣重点的一个一个来分析。
时间状语从句:是由when, as, while, after, before, since, until, as soon as 等从属连词引导的状语从句。
时间状语从句中的谓语动词不能用一般将来时,只能用一般现在时表示将来发生的动作或存在的状态。
如:I will call you as soon as I arrive there.原因状语从句:because, since, as和for都表示原因。
常常令我们不知该用哪个好。
我们来比较一下。
because语势最强,回答why提出的问题,用来说明人所不知的原因。
当能够很明显的看出原因或人们已知原因,就用as或since。
如:I don't like that coat,because the color looks terrible. 由because引导的从句如果放在句末,且前面有逗号,则可以用for来代替。
但如果不是说明直接原因,而是多种情况加以推断,就只能用for。
如:He is not here, because / for his mother is ill.目的状语从句:表示目的状语的从句可以由in order that, so that,等词引导。
如:You must raise your voice so that/in order that everybody can hear you clearly.结果状语从句:结果状语从句常由so...that 或such...that引导,要掌握和区分这两个句型,首先要了解so和such后面分别跟什么词。
初中状语从句之时间状语从句:知识点总结+习题(word版,无答案)
初中状语从句之时间状语从句:知识点总结+习题(word版,无答案)状语从句——时间状语从句1, 由when 或whenever 引导, when 指的是“某一具体的时间”, whenever 指的是“在任何时间”。
Eg: When I came into the room, he was writing a letter. 当我进屋时, 他正在写信。
Eg: We shall go there whenever we are free. 我们什么时间有空, 我们就去那里。
2, when 意为“这时”或“在那个时候”,可以看作是并列句,这种用法的when 分句一般位于句末。
Eg: I was walking along the street when suddenly someone patted me on the shoulder from behind.我正在街上走着, 这时忽然有人从后面拍我的肩膀。
3, while 指“在某一段时间里”, “在…期间”, while 引导的动作必须是持续性的。
Eg: While it was raining, they went out. 天下雨的时候, 他们出去了。
I stayed while he was away. 他不在的时候我在。
4, as 引导持续性动作, 强调主句和从句的动作同时发生。
Eg: He hurried home, looking behind as he went. 他赶快回家, 不时地一边走一边向后看。
5, 由before 或after 引导。
Eg: Be a pupil before you become a teacher. 先做学生, 再做先生。
Eg: He arrived after the game started. 比赛开始后, 他到了。
6, 由till 引导。
如主句动词是持续性动作, 常用肯定式, 表示“直到…为止”。
完整版)初中时间状语从句语法及练习(全)
完整版)初中时间状语从句语法及练习(全)状语从句是复合句中起修饰作用的从句,用来修饰说明谓语,包括地点、时间、原因、目的、结果、条件、让步、比较、方式和伴随状况等方面。
状语从句可以在句首或句末,从句后面常用逗号与主句隔开;放在句末时,从句前面往往不用逗号。
状语从句可以分为时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、让步、比较、方式和条件状语从句。
时间状语从句的从属连词有when。
while。
as。
before。
after。
till/until。
since。
whenever。
as soon as等。
主句和从句的时态一般是主将从现、主情从现、主祈从现。
When引导时间状语从句时表示“当……的时候”,既可以指时间段也可指时间点,从句中既可用延续性动词又可用瞬间性动词,且动作既可和主句的动作同时发生又可在主句的动作之前或之后发生。
当when引导的时间状语从句中一般用一般现在时表将来(主将从现)。
例如:I will call you when I get there。
While和as与when类似,都表示“当……的时候”,但while更强调主句和从句的动作同时进行,as则更强调主句和从句的动作相互呼应。
例如:While I was reading。
he was watching TV。
As I was leaving。
the phone rang.Before和after分别表示“在……之前”和“在……之后”,从句中用一般过去时表示过去的动作或用一般将来时表示将来的动作。
例如:I finished my homework before my mother came back。
After he finishes his work。
he will go to the gym.Till/until表示“直到……为止”,从句中用肯定句表示肯定的动作或用否定句表示否定的动作。
例如:I will wait for you until you finish your work。
语法讲解 时间状语从句的用法解析及练习
语法讲解时间状语从句的用法解析及练习状语从句在复合句中作状语,其位置较灵活,可以在主句之前、之后或中间(放在句首时状语从句后面常用逗号,放在句末时状语从句前面往往不用逗号)。
根据状语从句的含义,状语从句主要分为时间状语从句、地点状语从句、原因状语从句、目的状语从句、方式状语从句、结果状语从句、条件状语从句、让步状语从句等八种。
掌握以上各种状语从句的关键在于把握其相应的引导词。
以下是对时间状语从句的基本用法进行小结,希望可以帮助到同学们有一更深的理解。
时间状语从句的引导词when, before, after, as, while, till/until, since,whenever时间状语从句的用法时间状语从句的引导词所表示的意思不尽相同,要注意把握不同的时间状语从句的引导词所表示的不同时间关系,以及它在具体句子中对应的对应时态、语态等问题。
1. when、as、while引导的时间状语从句分析:(1) when引导时间状语从句时表示“当……的时候”,when既可以指时间段也可指时间点,从句中既可用延续性动词又可用非延续性动词,且动作既可和主句的动作同时发生又可在主句的动作之前或之后发生。
注意体会如下例句:I’ll call you when I get there. 我一到那里就给你打电话。
// When the wind blows, all the doors rattle. 只要风一吹,这门就吱嘎作响。
// He stopped trying, when he might have succeeded next time. 他不再试了,其实他可能下一次就成功。
// When I came home my wife was cooking dinner. 我回家时,妻子在做晚饭。
如果when引导的时间状语从句的主语与主句主语相同,而从句的谓语又是be动词时,那么从句中的主语和be可以省略;当when引导的时间状语从句的主语与主句主语相同时,往往还可以用“when+分词”的形式替代该状语从句。
时间状语从句讲解及其练习
时间状语从句一、概念:在复合句中,由时间连接词引导的状语从句叫做时间状语从句。
(在复合句中,要注意主句和从句的时态大多都要保持一致。
)1.由when, while, ,just,just as,as,after,before,since,until,引导的时间状语从句。
例如:When you think you know nothing, then you begin to know something.(当你以为自己一无所知的时候,你就是在开始知道一些事物了。
)When truth is buried under the ground ,it grows, it chokes, it gathers such an explosive force that on the day it bursts out , it blows up everything with it.(当真理被埋在地下的时候,它在生长,它感到压抑,它蓄存着这么一种爆炸性力量,一旦冒出,它就会炸破一切!)Strike while the iron is hot. (趁热打铁。
)You can feel the air moving as your hand pushes through it.( 当你的手在空气中挥动的时候,你就能感觉到空气在流动。
)Our headmaster laughed as she spoke.(我们的校长边谈边笑。
)主要时态:主现从不限;主过从四过;主将从现。
when, while和as的区别when引导的从句的谓语动词可以是延续性的动词,又可以是瞬时动词。
并且when有时表示“就在那时”。
例如:When she came in, I stopped eating.她进来时,我停止吃饭。
(瞬时动词)When I lived in the countryside, I used to carry some water for him.当我住在农村时,我常常为他担水。
中考英语语法专题 时间状语从句讲解+练习
时间状语从句常用引导词:when, while, as, as soon as, before, after, till/until, since1、when, while, as(1)三者均可表示“当……时候”,如果主句表示的是短暂的动作,而从句表示的是一段时间,三者可通用。
如:I met Kang Li while/when/as I was walking along the street.当我沿街散步时碰见了康丽。
Don’t make any noise while/when/as I am recording. 我录音时(你们)别发出声音。
(2)while1)while只能与持续性动词连用,且常用进行时态。
表示主句的行为在从句行为进行的过程中发生。
如:While they were crossing the Atlantic, many people died. 他们中的很多人在横渡大西洋时丧生了。
2)表示主句和从句的动作同时发生。
如:While the wife was cooking, the husband was watching TV. 妻子在做饭的时候,丈夫在看电视。
3)表示“然而”,主句和从句是两个对应的动作。
如:Lucy likes dancing while Lily likes doing sports. 露西喜欢跳舞而莉莉喜欢运动。
(3)when1)when既可以和持续性动作连用,也可以和瞬间性动作连用,主句与从句描述的动作既可以同时发生,也可以先后发生。
如:When the weather is fine, many people go out for a walk. 天气好时,很多人都出去散步。
When I got home, I found my baby girl singing in the sitting room. 我到家时,发现我的小女儿正在客厅里唱歌。
初中英语状语从句详细讲解与练习(精华版)
对比训练 1
1. __A__ he heard this, he got very angry.
2. I met Lucy__B__ I was walking along the river.
3. __C__ a child, he lived in the countryside. A. when B. while C. as
4. 表示“随着…..”.常指一个行为是另一个行为的结果。 As she grew older, she became more beautiful.
while:持续性动词 /进行时
1.一般或现在情况
e.g. I like listening to music while I am doing my homework 2.将来. 情况-V一般现在时或现在进行时 e.g.— I’m going to the post office.
won in the end.
A. After B. before C. when D. then
since引导的时间状语从句
1.常译为“自从……”, 2.主句常用现在完成时,从句常用一般过去时。
1.我们自从分手以后一直没见过面。 We haven’t seen each other since we parted. 常用句型:It has been (is) + 时间段 + since从句
-- While you are there, can you get some stamps for me?
3.过去情况
e.g. I hurt my should while I was doing gym.
When: 1.当…的时候 When I was young, I went to town myself. When he receives the letter, he’ll tell us.
八年级时间状语从句教案
2013年8 年级下教案第几讲: 9教学课题:Module 8 Public holidays教学目标:1..课文中重点单词、词组、句子的理解与掌握2.课文与单词的朗读与翻译要求掌握3语法:时间状语从句教学重点:课文与单词的朗读与翻译要求掌握教学难点:语法:时间状语从句教学过程:一.Greetings二.Dictation1Words 2 phrases 3 sentences:三.语法——时间状语从句定义:英语中可以用句子表达一件事情或一个行为发生的时间,这个句子就叫时间状语从句。
时间状语从句常用when, as, while, before, after, since, till, until, as soon as等连词来引导。
1.由when引导的时间状语从句When意为“当…的时候”,when引导的从句的谓语动词可以是延续性的动词,又可以是瞬间动词。
Eg:When the teacher came in, the students stopped talking.He knocked at the door , when my mother was sleeping.2.由while引导的时间状语从句“与…同时,在…期间”,谓语动词必须是延续性动词。
EG:Lucy was cleaning the room while Lily was listening to music.3. 由before/after 引导的时间状语从句,before“在…之前”,after“在…之后”Eg:He went to the office before he visited Mr. Zhong.I called Betty after I finished the homework.4. 由until引导的时间状语从句,“直到…为止”,not until “直到…才”Eg:He stayed in the room until his mother came back .We didn’t begin the meeting until the boss came.5. 由as soon as 引导的时间状语从句,“一…就”Eg:I took out the notebook as soon as the class began.四.时间状语从句要注意的几个地方(1)例如:It was raining hard(rain hard 下大雨)when got to school yesterday.While he was doing his homework, the telephone rang.As he walked along(沿着走)the lake, he sang happily.He had learned a little Chinese before he came to China.After he finished middle school, he went to work in a factory.(2)在时间状语从句里,通常不用将来时态,用现在时态表示将来的动作或状态。
初中英语语法:时间状语从句解析和练习题(含答案)
2021年初中英语语法:时间状语从句解析和练习题(含答案)在句子中起时间状语作用的句子称为时间状语从句。
时间状语从句可以放在句首、句中和句尾。
引导时间状语从句的词有when、while、as、before、after、since、until/till、as soon as、once、each time、next time、the moment、immediately、instantly等。
(一)when引导的时间状语从句1)when意为“当......时”,引导时间状语从句,表示主句的动作和从句的动作同时或先后发生例句:Faith is the bird that feels the light when the dawn is still dark. 信念是黎明前的黑夜里能感受到光明的鸟儿。
例句:When I was wandering in the street, I met her. 我在街上徘徊的时候遇到了她。
2)when引导的时间状语从句中的动词可以用延续性的=动词,也可以用终止性动词例句:He was listening to the music when I went in. 当我进去的时候,他正在听音乐。
例句:I will visit my parents when I have time. 我有空时会去看望我的父母。
(二)while引导的时间状语从句While引导的时间状语从句,常译为“与......同时,在......期间”,while引导的从句常用延续性动词或表示状态的动词。
例句:They rushed in while we were discussing problems. 当我们正在讨论问题时,他们冲了进来。
例句:Make hay while the sun is shining. (谚)趁热打铁。
(三)as引导的时间状语从句As引导的时间状语从句,可以表达“正当,一边一边,随着”等意思。
时间状语从句+习题练习(含答案)
专题:时间状语从句1. 引导时间状语从句的连词在下列空格中填入适当连词。
1._________he comes tomorrow,I will ask where he has been.2._________he was speaking,everybody listened carefully.3.I saw her just now_________she was getting off the train.4.Have a good look at that man________you pass him.5.It was already eight o'clock_________we got there.6.I was about to go out_________a visitor came.7.We'll go to the country at the beginning of June,_________the summer harvest will start.8.He learned to speak German_________he was in Berlin.9.Henry is in charge of the office________Mr.Smith is away.10.I listen to the recorder_________I have time.11.He had learned Chinese_________he came to China.12._________the work was done,we sat down to sum up experience.13.I haven't seen him_________he moved to the other side of the town.14.I waited________ he came back.15.I didn’t recognize him________he took off his eyeglasses.16.She likes everything to be in place________she starts to work.17.The thieves ran away_________they caught sight of the police.18.They decided to go back home_________their money ran out.19.__________I get to the airport,I will phone you to pick me up.20.They were about to leave______it began to rain.Keys:1.When2.While/When3.as4.when/as5.when6.when7.when8.while9.whi le10.whenever11.before12.After13.since14.till/until15.until16.before17.as soon as18.before19.As soon as20.when。
时间状语从句教案
• 4 till 和until • 表示“直到”时,till和 until 都可以。动词必须为延续 性动词,主从句都为肯定式。 • eg. 他一直工作到半夜。 • 昨天我妈妈一直等到我回来。 • 表示“直到 … 才”时,只能用until,动词为非延续性 动词 “not…until” • eg. 昨天晚上直到我回来我妈妈才睡觉。 • 注意:关于 “not…until” 的强调和倒装
• 2 while • “当 … 时候,在 … 期间 “ 只能与持续性动词连用。 • 注意(1)while 还可以做并列连词表示对比“而,却” eg. He was watching TV while his wife was preparing dinner. 他很高而他弟弟很矮。 在中国,冬天南方很暖和而北方却很冷。
• (1)强调句: • I didn’t recognise that she was the famous star until she took off her glasses. • ----- It was not until she took off her glasses that I recognised that she was the famous star. • (2) 倒装句: • ----- Not until she took her glasses did I recognise that she was the famous star. • e.g. The villagers didn’t realize how serious the pollution was until all the fish died in the river.
• • • • •
没过多久我就忘了此事。 用不了多久我们就会再见面。 要过两个周我们才能知道考试结果。 美国内战持续了五年才结束。 Scientists say it may be five or ten years___ it is possible to test this medicine on human bodies. • A since B before C after D when
状语及状语从句(语法加练习完整讲解)教学提纲
6.名词(短语): Wait a moment.等一会儿。 It can go all day and all night. 它能整日整夜地走。
7.状语从句: I'll write to you as soon as I get there. 我一到那儿就给你写信。 He didn't come because he had to stay at home to finish his home work. 他没来,因为他不得不留在家里完成家庭作业。
The Adverbial 状语
一、什么是状语
修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子,说明动作或 状态特征的句子成分,叫做状语。
1. 状语修饰动词 Silently she went away. 她悄悄地走开了。
2. 状语修饰句子 Sadly, he will not be there. 令人伤心的是,他将不会在那里了。
5. 如果句末状语太多, 可调一个(不得超过一个)到句首。 如果有时间状语,通常将时间状语放于句首。
Yesterday morning Wang Lin was drawing a horse carefully with a brush on a piece of paper in our classroom. 昨天上午王琳在我们教室里用笔细心地在一张纸上画马。
3)this 和 that 也可以作状语去修饰形容词和副词 Do I look that stupid? 我看起来有那么傻吗? I didn't think we'd get this far. 我没想到我们会走这么远。
二、什么可以作状语? 1.副词(短语): Say again.再说一遍。 Suddenly it began to rain.天突然下雨了。
初中英语时间状语从句
• I have worked in this school since I graduated from Beijing University. • It is ten years since she began to learn English.
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知识扩展 1. It is +时间 +since从。。。以来多长时 间了 It is five years since we met last time.从 我们上次见面已经五年了。 2. It is +before„(。。。才) It was a long time before I went to sleep again. 过了很长时间我才睡着。 It was an hour before(=until) the police arrived. 过了一个小时,警察才来。
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when
• 由“when” 引导的从句:表示主句的动作和 从句的动作同时发生,或从句的动作发生在主 句动作之前。其谓语动词可以是延续性的,也可 以是非延续性的, 例:1. I was going out when a visitor came. (我正要出门,有客人来访。)(动词同时发生。) 2. I shall tell her the good news when she comes. 3.When he was a child ,he was always trying out new ideas.
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since
• 6.since引导的从句:表示“自从……以来“,从 句中的动词一般表示动作的起点,用过去时。主 句中的动词表示动作延续的情况,一般用现在完 成时。如果主句中的动词表示的不是延续的动作 而是表示目前的状态,可用一般现在时。 • 例: • Since he met this good friend, he has made great progress in his studies. (自从遇见了 这个好朋友,他已在学习上取得了巨大的进步) • It is twenty years since she joined the Party. • (她入党二十年了。)(主句中的动词表示的不是延 续动作,而是状态, 用现在时。)
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英语时间状语从句讲解与练习(一) when, while 和 as 引导时间状语从句的用法一、 when 的用法如果只从现象来看, when 从句用的最多的是大凡过去时,而主句的时态没有限制 ,根据具体情况而定。
1. When he was a child he was always trying out new ideas.他小时候就常常试验一些新的设想。
2.When she came into my room, I was just reading a book她.走进我房间时,我正在看书。
根据以上的例句,我们可以总结出一点: when 从句的 A 事件,相当于另一个事件 B 发生的时间点。
也就是说, when 从句的重点不在动作本身发生的状态,而只是把它作为一个时间点,所以 when 多数情况下用的是大凡过去时,则不用正在进行时。
因为如果用正在进行时,它表示的就是一段时间而不是一个时间点了。
根据这一点,有的文章补充说: when 从句的动词大多是瞬时动词。
这种说法也可以参照。
实际上, when 从句也可以有其它的时态,但几乎也不用进行时,因为它也只是作为一个时间参照点。
例如:1.When I got to the airport, the guests had left.当我赶到飞机场时,客人们已经离开了。
2.When he had finished his homework, he took a short rest.当他完成作业后,他休息了一会儿。
3. Why do you want a new job when you have got such a good one already?你已经找到如此好的工作,为何还想再找新的?二、 while 的用法相比于 when 来说, while 从句的侧重点就不一样了。
while 从句的侧重点在于描述动作正在发生的状态,它的意思是:当 while 事件正在发生的时候,另一件事如何如何。
所以, while 从句大凡用的是正在进行时。
而另一件事的状态没有硬性的要求,根据具体情况而定。
例如:1.. While they were talking, the bell rang.正在他们谈话的时候,上课铃响了。
2. You can’ t do your homework while you’ re watching你不能一TV边.看电视一边做家庭作业。
从时间的角度来看, while 表示的是一段时间,是一个过程。
这是 while 的侧重点。
因此,如果含有“一段时间”的含义的时候,就可以用 while 。
三、 as 的用法as 从句表示的也是一件事情正在发生,另一件事也正在进行当中。
但与while 从句例外的是, as 从句用的大凡不用正在进行时,而只是大凡过去时。
as 从句大凡可以翻译成“边边”。
例如:1. As my mother sang those old songs, tears ran down her cheeks.当我妈妈唱起那些老歌时,眼泪顺着她的脸颊流了下来。
2.The students took notes as they listened学.生们边听课边做笔记。
3.As we talked on, he got more and more excited我.们继续往下谈的时候,他越来越兴奋。
as 表达的事件,往往只是主句动作发生的背景或条件时,as 只是一个次要的时间说明,不像 while 从句有强调 while 动作本身的意思。
因此, as 常常翻译成“随着”之意。
1. As the time went on,the weather got worse. 随着时间的推移,气候更加倒霉。
2.As years go by,China is getting stronger and richer.随着时间一年一年过去,中国变得越来越富强了。
少数情况下,如果强调动作正在发生, as 从句也可以用正在进行时。
这只能算是特例了。
1. He came in as Iwas going to bed我.正要上床睡觉,他进来了。
四、 when, while, as 的互换如果从句动作和主句动作同时发生,并且从句动作为延续性动词时,when,while ,as 可以互换使用。
1. When /While /As we were dancing, a stranger came in.当我们跳舞时,一位陌生人走了进来。
[dance 为延续性动词 ]2. When /While /As she was making a phone call, I was writing a letter.当她在打电话时,我正在写信。
[make 为延续性动词 ]3.While/When/ As I was walking down the street, I noticed a police car in front of thebank.我顺着马路往前走时,发现银行门前停着一辆警车。
五、比较 while, when, as1)as, when 引导短暂性动作的动词。
2)当从句的动作发生于主句动作之前,只能用when 引导这个从句,不可用 as 或 while 。
3)从句表示“随时间推移”连词能用 as,不用 when 或 while。
例如: As the day went on, the weather got worse.日子一天天过去,天气越变越坏。
(二) before 和 after 引导的时间状语从句1.Before 是主句动作发生在从句的前面。
注意 before 引导的从句不再用否定式的谓语,并且当 before 引导的从句位于主句之后,有时译成“就,才”。
还要注意主句和从句之间的时间关系。
当主句用将来时,从句总是用现在时;如果 before 引导的从句谓语用的是过去时,则主句动词多用过去完成时,这样以便体现动作发生的先后。
2.After 表示主句动作发生在从句动作之后。
主句和从句的动作的时间关系凑巧与 before 引导的从句相反。
例如: It will be four days before they come back.他们要过四天才能回来。
Einstein almost knocked me down before he saw me爱.因斯坦几乎把我撞倒才看到我。
(三)比较 until 和 till 的用法此两个连词意义相同。
肯定形式表示的意思是“做某事直至某时”,动词必须是延续性的。
否定形式表达的意思是“直至某时才做某事”。
动词为延续性或非延续性都可以。
正确使用这两个连词的关键之一就在于判断句中的动词该用肯定式还是否定式。
肯定句: I slept until midnight. 我一直睡到半夜时醒了。
Wait till I call you.等着我叫你。
(在肯定句中可用 before 代替。
例如: Let “s get in the wheat before the sun sets.)否定句: She didn “t arrive until 6 o她“直clock到6.点才到。
Don“ t get off the bus until it has stopped公.共汽车停稳后再下车。
区别: 1)until 可用于句首,而till 通常不用于句首。
例如: Until you told me, I had heard nothing of what happened.直到你告诉我以前,出了什么事我一点也不知道。
3)Not until在句首,主句用倒装。
例如: Not until the early years of the 19th century did man know what heat is.直到 19 世纪初,人类才知道热为何物。
5)It is not until that .例如: It was not until I began to work that I realized how much time I had wasted.(四)巧辨 before 和 until一、在下列情况下,两者可互换用,但含义略有例外。
before 表示“在之前”的意思,强调时间先后关系;而 until 表示“直到才”的意思,主句是肯定句则表示主句动作的终止时间;主句是否定句则强调主句动作的起始时间。
1.主句为否定式终止性谓语动词。
多见的动词是open,start,leave,arrive,finish,stop 等。
例如:(1)The noise of the street didn“ t stop until/before it was midnight.(2)The children won“ t come back until/before it is dark.2.主句为肯定式、延续性谓语词,这类动词用stand,stay,talk,be,wait 等。
例如:(1)He lived with his parents until/before he graduated from school.(2)I will wait until/before he comes to my help.二、在下列情况下,用before 不用 until 。
1.主句这肯定式、终止性谓语动词,只用before。
例:(1)He fell asleep before I could take off his clothes.(2)We arrived there before it atarted to rain.2.主句谓语动词强调动词的迟缓性,只用 before,常伴有时间段状语或时间段暗示。
例:(1)It was quite some time before he found the elephant at all.(2)We had walked a long way before we found some water.3.如果强调从句谓语动作未发生,就发生主句谓语动作,只用 before。
常译为“未及”,“不”或“不等就”。
(1)We can leave early in the morning before it gets too hot.(2)I must write it down before I forget it.4.表“与其说倒不如”,“与其毋宁”只用 before。
例:(1)I would give up my job before I“ d agree to be2)Hedismissedwilldie.of( hunger before he will steal.5.在某些特定句型中用before。