09翻译写作试卷

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09作文真题范文

09—Section A Composition (35 minutes)Tourism is a booming business in China. However, some people worry that too many tourists may bring harm to the environment, while others don’t think so. What is your opinion? Write on ANSER SHEET THREE a composition of about 200 words on the following topic:Will Tourism Bring Harmto the Environment? You are to write in three parts.In the first part, state specifically what your opinion is.In the second part, provide one or two reasons to support your opinion.In the last part, bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or make a summary.SectionB—Note-Writing (10 Minutes)Write on Answer Sheet Three a note of about 50-60 words based on the following situation:Lily, your roommate, is looking for a part-time job in the coming summer vacation. You saw an ad for a private English tutor for a schoolboy. Write her a note, telling her what the job isand strongly recommending it to her.Will Tourism Bring Harm to The Environment?As an economic activity, tourism in recent years has developed rapidly in China. Tourism reflects human’s explorations of nature, which has led to economic development on the one hand and environmental destructionon the other. While economy grows, environment destruction also grows, as a result of ceaseless tapping of natural resources and continuous increase of the number of tourists.How does tourism bring harm to the environment? Firstly, over exploitation of scenic spots will change ecological system, which willconsequently cause environmental degeneration. In order to attract tourists, plenty of man-made sceneries have been built, due to which the natural conditions have been destroyed. One example is Qinghai Lake, its environmental degeneration in the form of expansion of desert areas and extinction of some rare animals. According to a researchreport, tourism should take partial responsibility for this harmful result. In one word, reckless tapping of natural resources will break ecological balance.Secondly, a large proportion of tourists, most of the time, play the role of environment destructor. They do not have the awareness of environment protection. So it is very common to see them throwgarbage wherever they go. And then it is reported that some originally beautiful and clear lake became ugly and dirty, which conduces to various bacteria. Some of the tourists even have a weird habit of eating wild animals, whose practice, to some extent, encourages the killing of wildlife. All the above-listed behaviors and many others gravely damaged our environment.On all accounts, harm that tourism brings to the environment has already been seen and will become more serious if tourism industry keeps developing in an uncontrolled manner. So what we should do in the current situation is to try to make a sustainable developmental plan, through whose implementation the balance between economic growth and environmentprotection can be maintained.April 20th,2009 Jenney,I know you’re looking for a part-time job. I just saw an ad about private English tutor for a schoolboy. Your English is so excellent, and you’re so patient with children. That’s a good job for you. Plus the boy lives near our campus, so do consider this. It’s agood chance to make money and gain experience.Yours,Lily。

09级翻译复习

1.After he had heard the humorous story, he laughed off hishead.2.Hitler was armed to the teeth when he launched the SecondWorld War, but in a few years, he was completely defeated.3.Fifteen years ago medicine was the hot field for America’syoung people.4.A rolling stone gathers no moss. 滚石不生苔5.The police said they are close to knowing the cause of thefire.6.Ruth was upsetting the other children, so I showed her thedoor.7.One boy is a boy, two boys half a boy, three boys no boy.8.Raising my head, I see the moon so bright; withdrawing myeyes, my nostalgia comes around.9.He is said to be a rough diamond.他是一块浑金璞玉10.I would draw a further conclusion, which I believe iscentral to assessing China’s future place in the world economy.11.For the international community, the most strikingconsequence of these changes is that China has grown rapidly to be the world’s sixth largest economy, and is set to grow further.12.If you are unfair to me, I will certainly hang out all yourdirty linen如果你多我不公平,我将把你的丑事公诸于众13.The students were on tenterhooks before theexamination began. 考试之前学生们感到焦躁不安14.He is ill, that accounts for his absence.15.In this battle he accounted for（解决掉）five of theenemy.16.I want you to account for every cent you spent我要你把花费的每一分钱都交代清楚.17.It is not right for children to sit up late.熬夜18.She tried her best to right her husband from thecharge of robbery. 她尽她所能为他丈夫的抢劫罪申冤19.I want my martini dry.我要不加糖的马提妮酒20.There are still some dry（禁酒） states in the UnitedStates.21.She prefers dry bread. 没抹奶油的面包22.The cows are dry这奶牛不产奶.23.He gave us a dry（枯燥的） lecture yesterday.24.I am sure what he presented was a dry（铁一般的） fact.25.Vietnamese War is a drain on American resources.26.In the early 1600’s, the Hollanders were great farmers. 早在17世纪，荷兰是一个农业大国27.If there should be any last-minute change in the sailingtime， we‘ll contact you by telephone.在出发前如果有什么变动，我们将打电话联系你28.Formality has always characterized their relationship.29.I knew the train was coming as I had seen the passengers swarminto the platform.30..He took out his camera and really wanted to get thatpicture.31.Though the ideal cure for noise is to stop it at its source，this may in many cases be impossible．尽管理想的阻止噪音的方法是在声源处消除它，但是在大多数情况下这是不可能的32.Much progress has been made in computer science in less thana century.不到一个世纪计算机科学就已经取得了很大的进步33.I am no drinker, nor smoker.34.She closed the door very quietly, as she was afraid ofwakening the sleeper.35.The authorities were alerted to the danger. 当局对这个危险提高警惕36.She dozed off（睡着了） while the television was on.37.An acquaintance of world history is helpful to the studyof current affairs.38.His very appearance at any affair proclaims it atriumph无论什么事只要他一出现就一定能成功39.Traditionally, there had always been good relationsbetween them.40.We are conducting a careful study of these matters.我们对这些问题作出细致的研究41.The policemen a re a comprehensive investigation ofthis case.警察队这个案子做了方位的调查42. A fool and his words are soon parted; a man of genius andhis money.43.Since air has weight, it exerts force on any object immersedin it.由于空气有质量44.Students should learn from teachers and vice versa.学生应该向老师学习，老师也应该向学生学习45.We have to face different problems.46.Mr. Hobbs didn’t talk over my suggestions with his brotheruntil yesterday afternoon. 直到昨天下午，hobbs先生才和他的兄弟商量我的意见。

2009年华东师范大学外语学院811翻译和写作考研真题及详解【圣才出品】

第一部分翻译（共80分）一、改错1．ハイヒールの音がして女性があらわれた。

燃えるような金髪で、たしなみのいいスーツ。

三十前後、若さの美が消えかける寸前、かわって熟した果実の艷が全身をつつんでいる。

译文：这时传来一阵髙跟鞋的声音，一位女士出现了。

30岁左右，灿烂的金发，时髦的裙装，正处于青春美貌开始消失的前夕，全身散发出成熟果实般的光彩。

【答案】这时传来一阵髙跟鞋的声音，一位女士出现了。

30岁左右，灿烂的金发，时髦的裙装，专属青春的美艳即将消失，取而代之的是全身散发出成熟果实般的光彩。

【解析】译文将「若さの美が消えかける寸前」翻译为“正处于青春美貌开始消失的前夕”是不够准确，「かける」接下动词的连用形后面确实可以表示动作的开始，但在这句话中应该表示的是动作的即将发生，即“将要消失”。

2．ガラスごしに中が見えたが、ポル卜ガル文化庁の役人らしい人が、退屈そうに新聞を読んでいた。

きちんと髮をなでつけ、窮屈そうな背広にネクタイ。

赴任してきて愕然としたのではあるまいか。

シャツを巻き上げ、肩のところに洗灌バサミをつけた人々に、いかにしてボルトガル文化を普及すればいいのだろう？译文：隔着玻璃窗能看见里面有个人正无精打采地看着报纸，像是葡萄牙文化庁的官员。

头发梳得一丝不乱，略显紧小的西装上配着领带，可能才上任不久，尚不太适应吧。

还不知道该如何向人们普及葡萄牙文化，他们喜欢巻起汗衫并用晾衣夹固定在肩上。

【答案】隔着玻璃窗能看见里面有个人正无精打采地看着报纸，像是葡萄牙文化庁的官员。

头发梳得一丝不乱，略显紧小的西装上配着领带，可能才上任不久，尚不太适应吧。

面对喜欢卷起汗衫并用晾衣架固定在肩上的人们，他们还不知道如何去普及葡萄牙文化。

【解析】译文对原文最后一句话的「シャツを巻き上げ、肩のところに洗灌バサミをつけた人々に、いかにしてボルトガル文化を普及すればいいのだろう？」有误。

这句话的主语是「役人らしい人」，「シャツを巻き上げ、肩のところに洗灌バサミをつけた」修饰「人々」的定语，而不是译文中翻译的那样修饰「役人らしい人」。

09年二级笔译实务题的英译汉

刚做了下09年二级笔译实务题的英译汉，贴上来，希望对准备翻译实践的同学起点作用：There was, last week, a glimmer of hope in the world food crisis. Expecting a bumper harvest, Ukraine relaxed restrictions on exports. Overnight, global wheat pricesfell by 10 percent.上周，世界粮食危机呈现出一丝希望。

乌克兰粮食有望丰收，因此放松了粮食出口限制，全球小麦价格一夜之间下降了10%。

By contrast, traders in Bangkok quote rice prices around $1,000 a ton, up from $460two months ago.与此相反，曼谷粮食商的粮食收购价格从两个月前的460美元上涨到1000美元/吨。

Such is the volatility of today’s markets. We do not know how high food prices mig ht go, nor how far they could fall. But one thing is certain: We have gone from an era of plenty to one of scarcity. Experts agree that food prices are not likely to return to the levels the world had grown accustomed to any time soon.当今粮食市场便是如此风云变幻。

我们无法知晓粮食价格会走多高，也不知道会跌到哪里，但有一点是肯定的：我们已经从粮食充裕时代到了粮食紧缺时代。

专家一致认为全球粮食价格短期内不会恢复到正常水平。

09翻译真题参考译文

参考答案：尽管人们可以这样说，对任何一个社会制度价值的衡量就是其在增长和丰富经验方面所产生的影
响，但是这种影响并不是其最初（原来）动机的一部分。
47. Only gradually was the by-products of the institution noted, and only more gradually still was this effect considered as a directive factor in the conduct of the institution.
从05年到07年，小作文已经测试过辞职信（道歉信）、请求信和建议信的写法，08年重考了偏向于与私人交流的道歉信，09年小作文接着又测试了考生对建议信的写作。通过试题中列举的提纲，我们判断出此次的建议信要求考生首先做简短的评论，并提出2至3条建议。小作文写作难度不大，考生只要根据自己平时对“白色污染”知识的积累或常识，就能做出简短的评论，这种做法肯定破坏我们的生活环境，因而不利于环保。考生重要的是在第二部分加以发挥，要写出比较中肯的建议来。根据课堂上讲到的段落展开三层论述法：国家立法，社会关注，个人遵守三个方面来展开都可以。当然还有其它方面的建议。因此我们列出一个提纲：首段说明写信的目的，中间段落做出简短评论，末段提出三条建议，最后希望被采纳，表示谢意并盼望回复。
是个固定介词短语。正常结构为：ignore the effect of our acts upon their disposition in our
contact with them.
核心词汇：in contact with; effect of sth. upon/on; deal with
参考范文
Dear Editors,

2009.9翻译分析

首发：新东方惠瑾发布9.13中口翻译评析发布时间：2009-09-13 作者：惠瑾来源：上海新东方英译汉What is a novel? I say: an invented story. At the same time a story which, though invented, has the power to ring true. True to what? True to life as the reader knows life to be or, it may be, feels life to be. And I mean the adult, the grown-up reader. Such a reader has outgrown fairy tales, and we do not want the fantastic and the impossible. So I say to you that a novel must stand up to the adult tests of reality.You may say:”If one wa nts truth, why not go to the literally true book? Biography or documentary, these amazing accounts of amazing experiences which people have.” Yes, but I am suggesting to you that there is a distinction between truth andso-called reality. The novel does not simply recount experience. And here comes in what is the actual livening spark of the novel: the novelist’s imagination has a power of its own. It does not merely invent, it perceives. It intensifies, therefore it gives power, extra importance, and greater truth to what may well be ordinary and everyday things.小说是什么？我认为是人们创造出来的故事。

09级英汉翻译试卷格式和试卷封面_B_

3)①He lost his coat and his temper.②He threw a nervous glance at his brother.③She read theletter with a tearful smile
In the above three sentences, such rhetorical devices as _____, ______ and _______are used.
A reading, translating and proofreading
B understanding, expressing and proofreading
C translating, understanding and proofreading
D understanding, translating and expressing
译文：他已是个回避问题的老手：其回应批评的主要办法是一威胁、二阻挠、三拖延。
Applied skill : __________________
7)When they awoke, though the sky was still gray and the clouds hung low, it was not raining.
译文：一觉醒来，虽然天色阴沉，乌云低压，可是雨已经不下了。
Applied skill : __________________
8)A person who doesa regrettable actionis often regretful afterwards.
译文：行为不检点的人，日后往往要懊悔。
课程_______________பைடு நூலகம்________班级________________________姓名__________________________学号________________________

2009北外MTI翻译基础真题

09北外MTI真题I. Translate the following passages into Chinese and write your translation on the answer sheet. （50 points-25 points x 2）Passage 1In Defense of Translationby Howard Goldblatt （葛浩文）How’s this for an occupational testimonial: “There is no such thing as a good translator. The best translators make the worst mistakes. No matter how much I love them, all translators must be closely watched。

”Who are these people everyone loves to hate, and, if they're so bad, how do they get away with what they're doing?Well, I confess: I'm one of them. I'm a translator。

…I am sometimes asked why I translate, since to many it seems a thankless vocation. Why, they ask, don't I write my own novels, since I have lived （they assume） an interesting life and must by now have an idea of what a novel should be? I can only say that not all translators are closet novelists, and that I do not consider translation to be a lesser art -- one that ought to lead to something better. The short, and very personal, answer to the question is: Because I love it. I love to read Chinese; I love to write in English. I love the challenge, the ambiguity, and the uncertainty of the enterprise. I love the tension between creativity and fidelity, even the inevitable compromises. And, every once in a while, I find a work so exciting that I'm possessed by the urge to put it into English. In other words, I translate to stay alive. The satisfaction of knowing I've faithfully served two constituencies keeps me happily turning good, bad, and indifferent Chinese prose into readable, accessible, and -- yes -- even marketable English books. Tian na! （276 words）Passage 2Downsizing in VogueIn recent years corporate downsizing has been on the rise throughout the world. Downsizing is reducing costs by dismissing employees and reassigning their duties to the employees who remain. They usually call it restructuring, rightsizing, reallocating resources, or job separation. They sometimes use dieting metaphors like "trimming the fat," "getting lean and mean," or "shedding weight." Whatever the euphemism, employees affected by these practices know what the words mean to them: layoff. And no "kinder, gentler" words can do much to alleviate the anxiety and distress that come with losing a job。

2009年11月CATTI三级笔译实务真题及参考答案.doc

真善美与假恶丑的交战——《巴黎圣母院》赏析一、作家简介作者：维克多·雨果（1802~1885）是法国浪漫主义文学最杰出的代表作家。

1822年他出版了第一本诗集《颂诗集》，1823年、1826年先后发表了恐怖小说《冰岛魔王》何以法国殖民地圣多曼格岛黑奴暴动为题材的《布格·雅尔加》，1827年《<克伦威尔>序言》。

20年代雨果作品有诗集《东方吟》（1829）、中篇小说《一个死囚的末日》、（1892）、剧本《玛莉蓉德·洛麦》（1892）。

30年代剧本《爱尔那尼》（1830）、《逍遥王》（1832）、《玛丽·都铎尔》（1833）、《吕伊·布拉斯》（1838）等；诗集《黄昏之歌》（1835）、《心声集》（1837）等；小说《巴黎圣母院》（1831）、《克洛德·格》等。

政治上由于巴拿破仑视为“蹂躏世界的暴君”，得到路易十八和查理十世的赏识；文学上仿效古典主义，为复辟王朝和天主教唱颂歌。

写作风格以浪漫主义为主。

二、作品赏读作品以中世纪的巴黎为背景作为背景，但是它与19世纪30年代法国人民的生活与斗争紧密相连。

他真实的记录了人民的苦难，封建王朝的专横、残暴，以及教会的阴险卑鄙，表达了人民反封建反教会的强烈愿望。

《巴黎圣母院》的情节，始终围绕3各主要人物展开：吉卜赛女郎爱斯梅哈达、圣母院副主教克洛德和奇丑无比的敲钟人伽西莫多。

爱斯梅哈达是作者笔下的理想人物，是西欧文学中不朽的女性形象之一。

她是巴黎流浪人的宠儿，靠街头卖艺为生。

她既有美丽动人的容貌，更有纯洁无邪的心灵和诚挚善良的品德表现出外在美和心灵美的和谐统一。

她富有正义感，富有同情心，乐于救人助人。

爱斯梅哈达的纯洁无邪，天真热情，表现在她对爱情的态度上。

他之所以爱上花花公子弗比斯，首先是她的诚挚善良，纯洁天真的本性不容去怀疑别人，把弗比斯逢场作戏当成了真正的爱情，并对此忠贞不渝，至死不变。

2009~2013大学生英语竞赛完形、翻译、作文试题

2009Part IV Cloze(15 minutes,15 marks)According to a group called the Voice Function, everyone has a singing voice as well as a(66)——(speak) voice somewhere inside them. This, they say, should be (67) enc ——from an early age because it provides the best, and the (68) ——(cheap), basis on which to build an understanding of music.The teaching of the Hungarian (69) (compose) Zoltan Kodaly are responsible for this idea. He observed that songs can become a key part of the relationship (70)_______a mother and her child almost from birth . This is (71) as______ true of traditional societies, (72)_______those of West Africa , where some small children are able to sing literally(73)hun______ of songs , all of which have been learn by heart . However many modern children first come to understanding of music (74)_______they learn to play an instrument (75)_______although some teaching of the theory of music is usually a part of this , their relationship with the music on the page is often a mechanical one.The (76)____(believe) of the Voice Foundation is that a natural feeling for rhythm. harmony and musical structure .the very qualities we appreciate in the greatest musicians. can only be achieved through the (77)____(explore) of the voice from the beginning of a person’s life .The foundation ha s , therefore ,set itself the task of (78) _____a singing-centered musical education(79)pro_____that could benefit junior all(80)_____the world.2010Part III Cloze (10 marks)Where The Wild Thing Are“I didn’t set out to make a children’s movie,” says Be ing john Malkovich director Spike Jonze, “I set out to make a movie about childhood.” Indeed, like the recent alternative children’s book (46) adapt____, Fantastic Mr Fox, this is more like an adult film (47) ____children’s clothing －or rather in Jim Henson monster suits. When rambunctious (无法无天的) nine-year-old Max feels (48) ig____by his busy single mum and her new boyfriend, and runs away (49) ____home , he finds himself on an island populated by huge, hairy, scary Wild Things. Here, he gets himself crowned king, and he and the monsters fight and play, and throw mud at each other (which the younger viewers will love). They return home. That’s it .And that’s your problem. As a film, I can’t (50) de____ it’s disappointing. Despite whimsical (异想天开的) imaginative and heart-tugging moments, Jonze and co-writer Dave Eggers inevitably lose the wonderful subtlety (精妙之处) of Maurice S endak’s well-loved 338-word picture book just by (51) ____ (spin) it out into a full-length feature. Enough already! We get this dysfunctional group of neurotic Wild Things (52) rep____ Max’s child’s eye view of grown-ups as comprehensible giants, both terrifying and loving. (53) ____, even the repetitive action and non-subtleties (54) ____make this feel more like family therapy than a fairy (55)t____ can’t destroy the film’s haunting magic.2011Part Three Cloze(15 marks )I have been reading a lot on my iPad recently, and I have some (46)_____ (complain) not about the iPad itself but about the state of digital reading generally. Reading is a subtle thing, and its subtleties are artifacts of a venerable medium:words printed in ink on paper. Glass and pixels aren't the same.When I read a physical book, I don't have to look anywhere else to find out how much I've read. The iPad e---reader, iBooks tries to create the (47) illu_____ of a physical book. The pages seem to turn, and I can the edges of those that remain, but it's fake. There are always exactly six unturned pages, no matter (48)_____ I am in the book.Also, there is a larger problem. Books in their digital format look vastly less "finished", or less genuine than real books. You can vary their font and type size, but this only makes them (49)_____(resemble) word---processed---no matter how (50)_____(wretch) or wonderful they are---will never look as good as Robert Hass's poems in the print edition of The Apple Trees at Olema. But your poems can look almost exactly as ugly---as "e---book---like" ---as the Kindle version of that collection.All the e---book I've read have been ugly---books by Chang---Rae Lee, Alvin Kernan, and Stieg Larsson---though the texts have been wonderful. I didn't grow up reading texts. I grew up reading books, and this(51)_____(differ) is important.When it comes to digital editions, the(52)_____(assume) seems to be that all books(53)are_____(create) equal. However, nothing could be further from the truth. In the mass migration from print to digital, we're seeing a profusion of digital books---many of them out of copyright---that look new and even "HD," but which may well have been supplanted by more accurate editions and better translations. We need a digital readers' guide---a place where readers can find(54)_____ whether the book they're about to download is the best available edition.(55)Fi_____, two related problems. I already have a personal library, but most of the books I've read have come from(56)_____(lend) libraries. Barnes & Noble has released an e---reader that allows short---term (57) _____(borrow) of some books. The entire idea behind Amazon's Kindle and Apple's iBooks assumes that you cannot read a book unless you own it first and that only you can read it unless you want to give your reading device to someone else.This goes against the social value of reading, the collective knowledge and (58)_____(collaborate) discourse that comes from access to (59)_____or our culture in general.2012Part III Cloze (10 marks)Did you know that for every 20,000 novels written, only one gets published? So the (46) ____ (likely) that I’ll ever fulfill my ambition of becoming a professional mystery writer doesn’t seem very high. But the prospect of turning my lifelong passion into my livelihood and achieving fame and (47) for ______ at the same time is just too exciting for me to be put off by dull statistics.So what does it (48) t_______ to become a writer? Reading is important—all writers need to research their genre thoroughly to familiarize themselves (49) _______ its codes and conventions. My bookshelves at home are stacked with the novels of all the great mystery writers, which I’ve read and in many cases, re-read, despite (50) _______ (know) all the time “who’d done it”.Of course, being a writer requires imagination. You have to develop your own personal style rather than simply copy the work of “the greats”. I’ve turned out (51)d________ of short crime stories for my university student magazine—some have been published, some not, but I’ve always aimed to produce original and imaginative material.Last but not (52) ________, successful writers possess enormous self-discipline. I’ve often sacrificed my social life in order to devote the necessary time and effort to producing a good quality story. And more than once that has meant (53) _______ the midnight oil.We’ve got a novel inside us. Getting it out in anywhere near publishable form is no (54) ______ task, but with imagination and determination, and the help of an expert on “master class”, who could possibly fail to (55) re_______ their ambition?2013Part III Cloze (10 marks)Read the following passage and fill in each blank with one word. Choose the correct word in one of the following three ways: according to the context, by using the correct form of the given word, or by using the given letters of the word. Remember to write the answers on the answer sheet.According to recent surveys, 72% of all Americans believe that the United States government is (46) hi____ information about UFOs. Almost 68% of people think that the government has secret knowledge of extraterrestrial life. It is not (47) ____ (surprise) that the government has come under more and more (48) pr____ to declassify its UFO records and make them public. A variety of different groups have been involved in these efforts.One group to become involved is called CFI, the Coalition for Freedom of Information, John Podesta, who was White House Chief of Staff during Bill Clinton’s (49) ____(president), is one of the many high-powered people active in this group. CFI’s aim is not to prove the (50) ____(exist) of extraterrestrial life, but to make it easier for scientists in general to study unexplained aerial phenomena. Podesta and his group has asked the Pentagon to declassify its UFO records and therefore provide scientists (51) ____ data that will help in the study of UFOs.CFI has requested the release of information on several UFO cases, starting with the Kecksburg, Pennsylvania, incident. This incident took (52) ____ in 1965 when a large acorn-shaped object, the size of a small car, crashed in Pennsylvania. Some analysts say it could have been the spacecraft Kosmos 96 that had been launched towards Venus by the Soviet Union, but failed to escape Earth’s (53) g____. Others say the object did not look anything like spacecraft built on Earth in 1965.(54) Add____, the people of Kecksburg want to know what happened. On that(55) af____, hundreds of eyewitnesses watched a fiery streak of light descend from the sky towards Earth. Officials explained that nothing was found or recovered and that maybe the fireball in the sky was a meteor. But many witnesses say they saw a number of military personnel from the Army and the Air Force search the woods, and later that evening, saw a large military tractor-trailer coming from the area carrying a large object under a tarp.200986.她先天残疾，但他从未屈服于任何困难。

汉英翻译-汉译英期中考试 09-4-24

汉译英期中考试题目【Directions】Put into English any one of the following 20 passages and then write a short essay over 500 words about translation with a self-selected title based upon the passage you will choose. （从下列20段中任选一段翻译成英语，然后根据所选段落写一篇500字以上的有关翻译的小论文，题目自拟。

要求在5月20日前交，否则就没有期中成绩）1．在纽约，这段时候可以常常听到圣诞歌声从街口的什么地方传出来，哪怕是在最脏的7号线车站。

许多人在这里换车，黄昏时。

这里上楼梯要排队。

车从这里的地铁爬上天桥，颤颤巍巍地从又乱又脏的街区开过去，往下一望，有时会突然看到一栋破极了的大楼的窗子里，有一些脸色神秘的东方人，穿着日式的大黑衣服，在练拳。

再往下一望，看到一个穿脏花裙子的黑老女人，摇摆着生了痛风病的胖腿，拿着一个大塑料袋，气息奄奄地走过去。

要是心情恍惚的话，会以为自己走到好莱坞的影城里去了，这里正好是在拍犯罪片。

这也是美国啊，做着美国发财享福梦的人，要在这个站口哭起来。

那一天，近着圣诞节了，我在这里换车。

天气寒冷又潮湿。

人们慢慢地向前动着，要上楼去换7号线。

在边上，我看到一只大大的灰老鼠一闪而过。

也许这是真的，地铁里的老鼠，那一闪而过的黑眼睛里，有一种马上可以说话一般的神情。

然后，我听到有孩子的声音，随着小手风琴，在唱歌，在唱《平安夜》。

他们站在楼梯口，一个老人和一个孩子，孩子一手拿着小红铁筒，一手摇着小铁铃铛，黑色大衣上的小脸，被冷空气激得红红的。

经过他们的人，有的摸出钱来放在孩子的小红铁筒里，那洋铁的小筒，就丁地一响。

那是救世军在募集圣诞捐款。

寒冷的黄昏里，清脆的铃声响着，孩子在唱歌。

(陈丹燕《圣诞歌声》)2．初冬的天，灰黯而且低垂，简直把人压得吁不出一口气。

2009年11月CATTI笔译三级【笔译实务】真题

全国翻译专业资格（水平）考试2009年11月英语三级《笔译实务》试卷试题部分：Section1:English-Chinese Translation(英译汉)Translate the following passage into Chinese.Plans are well under way for a year of celebrations to mark the upcoming bicentennial of one of Poland's favorite native sons-Frédéric,Chopin.The prestigious International Chopin Competition for pianists will mark its16th edition in October2010.Held every five years,the competition draws scores of young musicians from all over the world.In addition,Warsaw's Chopin Museum, with the world's largest collection of Chopin documents and other artifacts,will undergo a total redesign,modernization and expansion.A lavishly illustrated new guidebook called"Chopin's Poland"was already published this year.It leads visitors to dozens of sites in Warsaw and elsewhere around the country where the composer lived,ate,studied,performed,visited or even partied."Actually,Chopin doesn't need to be promoted,but we hope that Poland and Polish culture can be promoted through Chopin,"said Monika Strugala,who is coordinating the Chopin2010program under the aegis of the Fryderyk Chopin Institute,a body set up by the Sejm in2001to promote and protect Chopin's work and image."We want to confirm to all that he is a very,very important Polish symbol,"she said.Indeed,it's not much of an exaggeration to say that Chopin's music flows through the Polish national consciousness like some sort of cultural lifeblood.The son of a Polish mother and a Frenchémigréfather,Chopin was born in a manor house at Zelazowa Wola,about50kilometers,or30miles,west of Warsaw, and moved to Warsaw as an infant.The manor is something of a Chopin shrine-since the1930s it has been a museum and for concerts.Like the Chopin Museum in Warsaw,it,too,is undergoing extensive renovation as part of bicentennial preparations.Chopin spent his first20years in and around Warsaw.He was already a noted pianist as a boy and composed concertos and other important works as a teenager.He carried Polish soil with him when he left Warsaw on a concert tour in1830,just a few weeks before the outbreak of the November Uprising,an abortive Polish revolt against Czarist Russia,which then ruled Warsaw and a broad swath of Polish territory.Chopin remained in exile in France after the uprising was crushed.But so attached was he to his native land that after his death in Paris in1849his heart-on his own instructions-was brought back to Warsaw for interment.The rest of his body is buried in the Père Lachaise cemetery in Paris."For where your treasure is,there your heart will be also,"reads the Biblical inscription on a plaque where his heart is kept today,preserved in an urn and concealed in a pillar of the Holy Cross Church in central Warsaw. Mozart's"Requiem"will be performed here as part of Bicentennial events.Exile and patriotism,as well as extraordinary genius,have long made Chopin's appeal transcend all manner of social and political divides.Polish folk motifs thread through some of his finest pieces,and patriotic fervor,as well as homesick longing,infuse some of his best-known works.Section2:Chinese-English Translation(汉译英)Translate the following passage into English.国际金融危机给中国带来了前所未有的困难和挑战。

长大09语言学与翻译A卷答案

Linguistics and Translation(Answers to Paper A)Part A Linguistics (total 100’)I. Define the following terms (2’×5)1. displacement: Human languages enable their users to symbolize objects, events and concepts which are not present (in time and space) at the moment of communication. For example, we can talk of Confucius who lived thousands of years ago.2. Communicative Dynamism: the extent to which the sentence element contributes to the development of the communication. That is sentence parts contributes unevenly to communication.3. deep structure the abstract representation of the syntactic properties of a construction. In plain words, it is the idea that human want to communicate to others.4. Schemata means packets of stored knowledge. It is the way human brain stores knowledge.5. Allophones: variants of a phoneme which does not change to the extent of making difference between them6. syntax the study of the rules governing the way words are combined to form sentences in a language, or simply, the study of the formation of sentences.7. blending this is a way of forming new word by joining the initial part of the first word and the final part of the second word, or by joining the initial parts of the two words.8. Performatives is a type of sentence distinguished by Austin. The uttering of these sentences is, or is a part of, the doing of an action.9. Concord is the requirement that the forms of two or more words in a syntactic relationship should agree with each other in terms of some categories. For example, in English, the determiner and the noun it precedes should concord in number as in this man, these men.ngue the lexicon, grammar, and phonology implanted in each individual by his upbringing in society and on the basis of which he speaks and understands his language.II.1.duality2.[p]3.sense4.abbreviation5.bindingIII.The description of vowels needs to fulfill four basic requirements:1.the height of tongue raising (high, mid, low)2.the position of the highest part of the tongue (front, central, back)3.the length or tenseness of the vowel ( tense vs. lax or long vs. short)4.lip-rounding (rounded vs. unrounded)For example [i] can be described as: high front tense unrounded vowelIV. IC analysis can help reveal the ambiguity of some ambiguous structures (5’)V.The rule can be interpreted as: the phoneme / z / is devoiced as [s] after a voiceless consonant. (5’)VI.What’s your opinion of the Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis? (20’)Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis: linguistic relativity. It suggests that our language helps mould our way of thinking and consequently，different language may probably express our unique ways of understanding the world. Following this argument，two important points could be captured in this theory. On the one hand，language may determine our thinking patterns; on the other，similarity between languages is relative，the greater their structural differentiation is，the more diverse their conceptualization of the world will be.Ever since the proposal of the hypothesis，linguists have had different views about it. Nowadays few people would possibly tend to accept the original form of this theory completely. Two versions of the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis have been developed，a strong version and a weak version. The strong version of the theory refers to the claim the original hypothesis suggests，emphasizing the decisive role of language as the shaper of our thinking patterns. The weak version of this hypothesis，however，is a modified type of its original theory，suggesting that there is a correlation between language，culture，and thought，but the cross-cultural differences thus produced in our ways of thinking are relative，rather than categorical.VII. Read the following sentence. Explain what is meant by the speaker using the theory of Conversational Implicature. (20’)A: Let’s get the kids something.B: Okey, but I veto I-C-E-C-R-E-A-M-S.Conversational implicature is a type of implied meaning， which is deduced on the basis of the conversational meaning of words together with the context， under the guidance of the CP and its maxims.The CP : make your conversational contribution such as is required， at the stage at which it occurs， by the accepted purpose or direction of the talke exchange in which you are engaged. Four maxims of CP:Quantity: make your contribution as informative as is required.Do not make your contribution more informative than is required. Quality: try to make your contribution one that is true.Do not say what you believe to be false.Do not say that for which you lack adequate evidence.Relation: be relevant.Manner: be perspicuous. 1. avoid obscurity of expression.2. avoid ambiguity.3. be brief4. be orderly.The dialogue violates the maxim of manner. It implies that B doesn’t want the kids hear the word “ice-cream” in case the kinds are reminded of ice-cream.VIII.What are the characteristics of the gradable antonymy?(10’)a)They are gradable， that is， they can be modified by “very”.b)Antonyms of this kind are graded against different norms.c)One member of a pair， usually the term for the higher degree， serves as thecover term.。

2009年高考英语作文范文[1]

2009年全国各省市高考英语书面表达题范文集锦完整18套（附解析及专家简评）一、（2009全国卷I、海南、宁夏卷）假定你是李华，正在英国接受英语培训，住在一户英国人家里。

今天你的房东Mrs Wilson 不在家，你准备外出，请给Mrs Wilson 写一留言条，内容包括：1．外出购物2．替房东还书3．Tracy 来电话留言：1）咖啡屋（Bolton Coffee）见面取消2）此事已告知Susan3) 尽快回电注意：1. 词数100左右；2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

Mrs Wilson,________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________Li Hua【参考范文】Mrs Wilson,I’m going out shopping, and won’t be back until about 5:00 pm. I have taken with me the two books you asked me to return to the City Library. At about 1 o’clock this afternoon, Tracy called, saying that she couldn’t meet you at Bolton Coffee tomorrow morning as she has something important to attend to. She felt very sorry about that, but said that you could set some other time for the meeting. She wanted you to call her back as soon as you are home. She has already told Susan about this change.Li Hua【解析】作文题仍然同去年一样，属于提纲式要点作文，要求学生就所给内容写一张留言条，是学生比较熟悉的题材，体现了英语学习应该注意实用性，生活型的原则。

四川省职教高考历届(2009-2016)英语翻译

四川省职教高考历届(2009-2016)英语翻译16年第二节翻译（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）Part A 请将下面的英语句子翻译成汉语，并将答案写在答题卡相应的横线上。

51, Never have I had such a big dinner before!______________________________________________________________ 52, My dad used to a heavy smoker, but he’s give n it up.______________________________________________________________ 53, It is likely that Frank has told her everything.______________________________________________________________ Part B 请根据所给中文提示，将下列译成英语的句子补充完整，并把答案写在答题卡相应的横线上。

54, 我建议换种方式做此事。

I suggest _________ it __________ another way.55, 他们相处得很愉快。

They __________ __________ very well with each other.15年第二节翻译（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）Part A 请将下面的英语句子翻译成汉语，并将答案写在答题卡相应的横线上。

51. The book is really much too boring.______________________________________________________________ 52. The Smiths are rich and they have a trip abroad once a year.______________________________________________________________ 53. If you do not have any more questions, let’s end our talk here.______________________________________________________________ Part B 请根据所给中文提示，将下列译成英语的句子补充完整，并把答案写在答题卡相应的横线上。

2009年5月翻译资格考试二级英语笔译实务真题及答案

2009年5月翻译资格考试二级英语笔译实务真题及答案第一部分英译汉必译题There was, last week, a glimmer of hope in the world food crisis. Expecting a bumper harvest, Ukraine relaxed restrictions on exports. Overnight, global wheat prices fell by 10 percent.By contrast, traders in Bangkok quote rice prices around $1,000 a ton, up from $460 two months ago.Such is the volatility of today‟s markets. We do not know how high food prices might go, nor how far they could fall. But one thing is certain: We have gone from an era of plenty to one of scarcity. Experts agree that food prices are not likely to return to the levels the world had grown accustomed to any time soon.Imagine the situation of those living on less than $1 a day - the “bottom billion,”the poorest of the world‟s poor. Most live in Africa, and many might typically spe ndtwo-thirds of their income on food.In Liberia last week, I heard how people have stopped purchasing imported rice by the bag. Instead, they increasingly buy it by the cup, because that‟s all they can afford.Traveling though West Africa, I found good reason for optimism. In Burkina Faso, I saw a government working to import drought resistant seeds and better manage scarce water supplies, helped by nations like Brazil. In Ivory Coast, we saw a women‟s cooperative running a chicken farm set up with UN funds. The project generated income - and food - for villagers in ways that can easily be replicated.Elsewhere, I saw yet another women‟s group slowly expanding their local agricultural production, with UN help. Soon they will replace World Food Program rice with their own home-grown produce, sufficient to cover the needs of their school feeding program.These are home-grown, grass-roots solutions for grass-roots problems - precisely the kind of solutions that Africa needs.参考译文：上周，世界粮食危机出现了一线转机。

2009写作真题

2009年写作真题09.01.10Some people believe that the range of technology available to individuals today is increasing the gap between the poor people and the rich people, while some others say this has an opposite effect. Discuss both views and give your opinion.09.01.15 ≈ 04.11.13, 08.10.23Students at schools and universities learn far more from lessons with teachers than from other sources (such as the Internet and television). To what extent do you agree or disagree?09.01.17 ≈ 08.11.15Today, people in many countries can live and work anywhere they choose, because of improved communication technology and transport. Do the advantages outweigh its disadvantages?09.02.07 ≈ 07.11.24Rich countries often give financial aid to poor countries, but it does not solve poverty, so rich countries should give other types of help to the poor countries rather than financial aid. To what extent do you agree or disagree?09.02.12Developments of technology are causing environmental problems. Some people think the solution is that everyone accept a simpler life, while others believe that technology can solve these problems. Discuss both views and give your opinion.09.02.21Some people believe that environmental problems are too big for individuals to deal with, while others think that individuals should take some action. Discuss both views and give your opinion.09.02.28Some people believe that public health should be improved by increasing the number of sports facilities, while others believe that it has little effects other measures should be taken to solve this problem. Discuss both views and give your opinion.09.03.05Newspapers have an enormous influence on people's ideas and opinions. Why is this the case? Do you think it is positive or negative?09.03.07Some people think music plays an important role in society. Others think it is only a formof individual entertainment. Discuss both sides of this argument and give your own opinion.09.03.14More and more students choose to go to another country for higher education. Do you think the benefits outweigh the problems?09.03.21Some people think it is more important for government to spend money on promoting healthy lifestyle in order to prevent illnesses than the treatment for people who are already ill. To what extent do you agree or disagree?09.04.04Nowadays people live in the society where consumer goods are relatively cheaper to buy. Do you think its advantages outweigh its disadvantages?09.04.18If a product is of good quality and meets people's needs, people will buy it. Therefore, advertising is unnecessary and is no more than a type of entertainment. To what extent do you agree or disagree?09.04.25Some people think computer and Internet are important in children's study, but others think students can learn more effectively in schools and with teachers. Discuss both views and give your own opinion.09.04.30Some people think museums should be enjoyable places to attract and entertain young people. Other think the purpose of museums is to educate, not to entertain. Discuss both views and give your own opinion.09.05.09Some people believe that teenagers should concentrate on all school subjects, while others claim that students should foucs on the subject that they are best at or that they find interesting. Discuss both views and give your opinion.09.05.16It has been believed that people who read for pleasure have developed imagination and good language skills than those who perfer to watch TV. Do you agree or disagree?09.05.21A hundred years ago, people think that human race is steadily improving in every area of life. Nowadays, there is no certainty of this case. In which areas do you think we have made important progress nowadays? In which areas do you think we still need to make progress?09.05.30Fossil fuels, such as coal, oil, natural gas, are used in many countries. But in some countries, the use of alternative sources of energy, including wind and solar power, are encouraged. Is this trend a positive or a negative development?09.06.11The food travels thousand of miles from farm to consumer. Some people think that it would be better to our environment and economic if people only ate local produced food. What extents the disadvantage outweigh the advantage?09.06.13Research suggests that the majority of criminals who are sent to prison would commit crimes when set free. Why do you think is the case? What can be done to solve this problem?09.06.20Some people think that all school students should learn a foreign language. Others think that a student should not be required to learn a foreign language if he or she does not have talent for it. Discuss both these views and give your own opinion.09.06.27Developing countries require international organization’s help. Some pe ople prefer financial aid while others think practical aid and advice are better. Discuss both views and give your own opinion.09.07.04Money for postgraduate research is limited. Therefore some people think financial support from governments should be only provided for scientific research rather than research for less useful subjects. Do you agree or disagree?09.07.11 ≈07.02.03, 04.02.08Some people think that companies and individuals, rather than the government, should pay for cleaning pollution. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this statement?09.07.23Many people are optimistic about the 21st century and see it as an opportunity to make positive changes to the world. To what extent do you agree or disagree with their optimism? What changes would you like to see in the new century?09.07.25Nowadays sending children to boarding school is becoming increasingly popular. What is the reason? Do you think it is a positive development?09.08.08The development of technology changes the way people connect with each other. In which way does the development of technology change the types of relationships among people? Does it have positive or negative effects on the relationships?09.08.13The subjects and lesson contents are decided by the authorities such as the government. Some people argue that teachers should make the choice. To what extent do you agree or disagree?09.08.22News media is more influential nowadays. Some people think it is a negative development. To what extent do you agree or disagree?09.08.29In the past, people used to travel to see the difference from their home country. However, the sceneries in places around the world seem similar nowadays. What are the causes of these similarities? Do you think that the advantages of this similarity outweigh the disadvantages?09.09.05Some people think young people should go to university to further their education while others think they should be encouraged to work as car mechanics or builders etc. to serve society. Discuss both views and give your own opinion.09.09.12Caring for children is probably the most important thing of the society. It is suggested that all mothers and fathers should be required to take the childcare training courses. To what extent do you agree or disagree with the statement?09.09.17Some people think that all the lawbreakers should be sent into the jail, while others believe that they should also be made to do some work or learn some skills in the community. What is your opinion?09.09.26In some countries ，some high school leavers are choosing to work or travel for a period of time before going to the university. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages for those school leavers’ decision. Give your own opinion and reasons using your own experience.09.10.08Some people think that family life and parents have great influence on children's development, while others consider that external influence plays a more important role inchildren's life, discuss both views and give your own opinion.09.10.10An increase in production of consumer goods results in damage of the natural environment. What are the causes and possible solutions?09.10.24Some people think university education should prepare students for employment. Other people think university has other functions. Discuss both views and what do you think the function of university education.09.10.31The environment problems facing today's world are so great that there is little ordinary people can do to improve the situation. Government and large companies should be responsible for reducing the amount of damage being done to the environment.To what extend do you agree or disagree?09.11.14Some people say that professional workers such as doctors, nurses and teachers who make greater contribution to the society should be paid more than those people in the field of sports and entertainment. To what extent do you agree or disagree?09.11.21Individuals and countries cannot help everyone who needs help in the world, so they should only be concerned about their own communities and countries. To what extent do you agree or disagree?09.12.03Some people tend to take contemporary jobs, for they have the time to do other things they are interested in. Do the advantages outweigh the disadvantages?09.12.05Nowadays, people always throw the old things away when they buy new things; whereas in the past, old things were repaired and used again. What factors cause this phenomenon? What effects the phenomenon leads to?09.12.12Recently some people can work from home using modern technology. Some say this only benefits the workers, but not the employers. To what extent do you agree or disagree?09.12.19Crime is a problem all over the world and there is nothing to do to prevent it. To what extent do you agree or disagree?。

CATTI 09年口译&笔译真题解析(翻译内部)

2009年11月二级笔译实务汉译英真题C-E TranslationCompulsory Translation （20 points）中国将构建一个以生态建设为基础，以生态安全为保障，以生态文明为最终目的的生态社会。

建设生态社会是一个符合科学发展观的人文理想。

China plans to build an eco-friendly society, with ecological improvement as the foundation, ecological security the guarantee and an ecologically minded civilization the ultimate goal. Building an eco-friendly society is a humanist concept compatible with the Scientific Outlook on Development.生态文明的核心是建立人与人之间，人与自然之间和人与社会之间的和谐关系，实现协调发展。

The key to an ecologically minded civilization is to build harmonious relationships among individual s, between man and nature and between people and society and achieve coordinated development.为了发展生态文化和生态文明，中国将依据其环保目标，努力改变当前的经济发展模式，进一步完善和贯彻各项生态环境保护政策和法规。

In order to develop an ecologically oriented culture and civilization, China will strive to change its current pattern of economic development in line with its environment protection objectives and further improve and implement its ecological protection policies and statutes.Part B Optional Translation (二选一题) （20 points）Topic 1 （选择题一）大力发展林业是缓解全球的重要途径。

中级口译09年春笔试真题

09年春季上海外语口译考试中级口译笔译真题Part A: Spot DictationDirections: In this part of the test, you will hear a passage and read the same passage with blanks in it. Fill in each of the blanks with the word or words you have heard on the tape. Write your answer in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET. Remember you will hear the passage ONLY ONCE.You might think that hamburgers were invented in the United States, but that is not totally true. These________ (1), or patties, actually came from Germany in the middle of the nineteenth century. They were brought to the United States by________(2) who came from the city of Hamburg. That is why ________(3)was "hamburger steak'However, people in other place________(4) that 'they invented the hamburger. Perhaps we'll never have a ________(5).the there's no question that the hamburger was a________ (6). Why Perhaps because at that time, industry was growing and a kind of food was need_________(7) for workers.The hamburger became even more popular_________(8) when the first chain of fast food restaurants was started. This chain was called “White Castle”. It served tiny hamburgers that were sold for only _________(9). Then, in the 1930s there came the _________(10) where customers were served in their cars by waiters in uniform. And the humburger was one of the most _________(11).By now, The hamburger was ready to_______(12) the world. And this happened with McDonald’s, which was actually a _________(13) at first. But by the early 1950s the hot dog was replaced by the hamb urger. McDonald’s and other fast food restaurants ________(14) around the world throughout the rest of the twentieth century. McDonald’s alone has________(15) for everyone person in the world.The importance of the hamburger to _________(16) remains significant. About _______(17)of all sandwiches that are eaten are hamburgers. According to some sources,_________(18)of current workers in the United States had their first job at McDonald’s . But the face of the hamburger is changing _______ (19). Nowadays it is possible to buy a chicken burger, a turkey burger, ________(20),or veggie burger.Part B: Listening Comprehension1. StatementsDirections: In this part of the test, you will hear several short statements. These statements will be spoken ONLY ONCE and you will not find them written on the paper, so you must listen carefully. When you hear a statement, read the answer choices and decide which one is closest in meaning to the statement you have heard .Then write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSER BOOKLET.l. (A) We were met by the head of the company at the airport.(B) We haw Mrs. Jones was the president of the company,.(C) Mrs. Jones used to be the secretary of the company(D) Mrs. Jones came to see us off at the airport.,2. (A) The board of directors asked about the changes.(B) The board 'of directors decided to invest more on the project.(C) The board of directors approved the revisions.(D) The board of directors could not understand her explanation.3. (A) Many university students prefer soft drinks to fresh fruits.(B) Most of them are first-or-second year college students(C) A number of college students refuse to disclose their identities(D) Not many students are interested in our research projects.4. (A) We decided to sell the car when the oil Prices rose.(B) We should not delay solving the problem of oil prices.(C) We were at a loss as to whether to buy that expensive car or not.(D) We didn't buy a car because of the floating oil prices.5. (A )Most of them are from low-income belies.(B) Most of them are in favor of a tax cut.(C) I know the Congress will veto the tax reform.(D) I propose the tax reform be debated in the Congress.6. (A) Effective self management skills are key to academic and career success.(B) If you spend a lot of time on your school work, you will become a good manager later(C) School work can be time-consuming and is likely to make you feel exhausted after class.(D) Good management calls for more time and energy on the part of the academic staff7. (A) Mr. Paul White has just been fired.(B) Mr. Paul White has forgotten the woman's name.(C) Mr. Paul White is looking for a job.(D) Mr. Paul White has the woman Promoted.8. (A) I shall give you a discount(B) The crisis is affecting the Whole world.(C) I shall come in my Sunday best.(D) The price is still too high.9. (A) He finished the negotiation in three days.(B) He was on a business trip ten days ago.(C) His toughness cost him three more days.(D) His business trip lasted thirteen days.l0. (A) We are sure that our children will become positive members of the changing society.(B) Children with self esteem can make positive adjustment and achieve career success.(C) Personal goals can be reached with the help of parents who are competent members of the society(D) Parents with confidence will adapt themselves to the changes and accomplish personal goals.2. Talks and ConversationsDirections: In this part of the test, you will hear several short talks and conversations. After each of these, you will hear after questions. Listen carefully because you will hear the talk or conversation and questions ONLY ONCE when you hear a question, read the four answer choices and choose the best answer to that question. Then write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.Question8 11--14l 1. (A) The products were all made from fresh vegetables and fruits(B) The homemade products were actually made in the factory(C) The factory was equipped with the most sophisticated machinery(D) There were homemade fresh vegetables and fruits in the factory l2. (A) You are special. (B) You are natural.(C) You are stupid. (D) You are dumbl3. (A) To better explain how to use that product.(B) To help reduce the promotion cost of that product.(C) To induce more famous people to use that product.(D) To get TV viewers to remember that product.l4. (A) Be easily affected by other products.(B) Be aware of the same kind of product.(C) Stick to that particular product. -(D) Strike a bargain for other products.Questions 15--18l5. (A) A flight over time zones. (B) A loss of one's characters.(C) A symptom of leg problems. (D) A condition of sleep disorders. l6. (A) Six hours. (B) Seven hours.(C) Eight hours (D) Nine hours.l7. (A) Avoid junk food, salty foods, caffeine and alcohol.(B) Drink as little water as possible between meals(C) Take drinks with less Sugar, carbonation or caffeine(D) Always have other fluid on the plane.l8. (A) Sleep as soon as possible.(B) Nap even during daytime.(C) Get a good night's sleep.(D) Relax yourself in a cafe.Questions 19--22l9. (A) He is overweight. (B) He is seriously ill(C) He is down with cold. (D) He is hale and hearty20. (A) Two (B) Ten.(C) twenty (D) Thirty2l. (A) It is the best (B) It is nutritious.(C) It is not enough (D) It is no healthy.22. (A) the man is a heavy smoker(B) The man is rather short.'(C) The man drives a car(D) The man works with a computer.''Questions 23--2623. (A) Chainman of the African Club.(B) Chainman of the International Club.(C) Chainman of the Irish Club.(D) Chainman of the Folk Music Club.24. (A) Once a week (B) Once a month(C) Once a semester (D) Once a year25. (A) The minutes of the last meeting.(B) The treasurer's report.(C) The Scottish and Irish Folk Dances.(D) The International Display Week.26. (A) to help the students from the same countries overcome their homesickness and other problems.(B) To set up booths decorated with pictures and things of interest in the respective countries.(C) To recruit anyone who can sew to help make costumes so that every club member can wear their national costume.(D) To teach the American students Scottish and Irish folk dances during the special even of the display.Que8tions 27--3027. (A) In Bath (B) In London.(C) In York (D) In the suburbs.28. (A) Students live in halls residence around the university buildings.(B) Students are encouraged to conduct their independent research project(C) Students first live in halls of residence and then are allowed to move out.(D) Students can share the common rooms with faculty members.29. (A) She couldn't find a room in the residential hall.(B) She could save money to pay for her studies.(C) She could mix well with the local people.(D) She could live in a comfortable house.30. (A) Give her some advice on how to strike a bargain.(B) Introduce her to the local people(C) Help her with the volunteer work.(D) Show her around the ancient cathedral cityPart C: Listening and Translation1. Sentence TranslationDirections: In this part of the test, you will hear 5 sentences in English. You will hear the sentences ONLY ONCE. After you have heard each sentence, translate it into Chinese and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.(l)(2)(3)(4)(5)2. Passage TranslationDirections: In this part of the test, you will hear 2 passages in English. You will hear the passage ONLY ONCE. After you have heard each passage, translate it into Chinese and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET. You may take notes while you are listening.(1)(2)SECTION 2: STUDY SKILLS (45 minutes)Directions: In this section, you wiIl read several passages. Each passage is followed by several questions based on its content. You are to choose ONE best answer, (A), (B), (C) or (D), to each question. Answer all the questions following each passage on the basis of what is stated or implied in that passage and write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.Questions 1--5I came across an old country guide the other listed all the tradesmen in each village in my part of the country,and it was impressive to see the great variety of services which were available on one's own doorstep in the late Victorian countryside.Nowadays a superficial traveler in rural Eng1and might conclude that the only village tradesmen still flourishing were either selling frozen food to the inhabitants or selling antiques to visitors. Nevertheless, this would really be a false impression. Admittedly there has been a contraction of village commerce, bul its vigor is still remarkable.Our local grocer's shop, for example, is actually expanding in spite of the competition from supermarkets in the nearest town. Women sensibly prefer to go there and exchange the local news whi1e doing their shopping, instead of queueing up anonymously at a supermarket. And the proprietor knows well that persona1 service has a substantial cash value.His Prices may be a bit higher than those in the town, bu he will deliver anything at any time. His assistants think nothing of bicycling down the village street in their lunch hour to take a piece of cheese to an old age pensioner who sent her order by word of mouth with a friend who happened to be passing. The more affluent customers telephone their shopping lists and the goods are on their doorsteps within an have only to hint at a fancy for some commodity outside the usual stock and the grocer a red-faced figure, instantly obtains it for them..The village gains from this sort of enterprise, of course. But I also find it satisfactory because a village shop offers one of the few ways in which a modest individualist can still get along in the world without attaching himself to the big battalions of industry or commerce.Most of the village shopkeepers I know, at any rate, are decidedly individualist in their ways. For example, our shoemaker is a formidable figure: a thick-set, irritable man whom children treat with marked respect, knowing that an ill-judged word can provoke an angry eruption at any time. He stares with contempt at the pairs of cheap, mass-produced shoes taken to him for repair: hasit come to this, he seems to be saying, that he, a craftsman, should have to waste his skills upon such trash But we all know he will in fact do excellent work upon he makes beautiful shoes for those who can afford such luxury.services available in villages nowadays are normally_________.(A) fewer but still very active(B) less successful than earlier but managing to survive(C) active in providing food for the village and tourists(D) surprisingly energetic considering the little demand for themlocal grocer’s shop is expanding even though________.(A) town shops are more attractive(B) town shops are larger and less well-known(C) people like to shop where they are less well-known(D) people get extra service in townshopsdo the village grocer’s assistants feel about delivering goods(A) They tend to forget it. (B) They will not consider it.(C) They take it for granted. (D) It does not seem worth their whileaspect of personal service available in the village shop is that_________.(A) there is a wide range of goos available(B) goods not in stock can be obtained whenever they are needed(C) special attention is given to the needs of wealthier customers(D) goods are always restocked before they run outwhat way is the village shoemaker a “formidable figure”(A) He seems to pay little attention to public opinion.(B) He refuses to mend cheap,mass-produced shoes.(C) He has a very rough temper.(D) He has very high standards of workmanship.Questions 6--10Drivers on the Basingstoke by-pass used to have their attention diverted by a sign that read—A MOMENT'S INATTENTION CAUSES ACCIDENTS. This self-defeating warning has now been removed, but its message is still very much to the point.Almost anyting can cause an accident. Apart from momentary inattention, it might be a minor miscalculation, a sudden fit of coughing, a bop on the head with a teddy-bear from a child in the back seat, an argument with the wife, fog, falling asleep at the wheel, bad eyesight, a glaring sun, ice, rain, wind, or snow—a1l these can make the difference between a tragic hit and a lucky miss.Although human error plays its part, it is by no means the only cause of accidends. There must be some cause other than simple human error. Road construction plays its part: researchers have found that it is not at the obvious danger spot—sharp corners, cross-roads, narrow lanes—that accidents happen. It is on those roads where there are subtle visual traps, unexpected changes in the shape or surface of the .road, or even insufficient or badly-placed signs. Wherever there is a 'black spot', it means that something is seriously wrong with the road. Why else did the careless driving of so many come out at that particular spotWhat the law requires when you have an accidentThere are, firstly the legal formalities of exchanging names and addresses with othersinvolved in an accident and, in certain cases, informing the , you are required by law to stop after an accident only if:l Somebody other than yourself in or outside your car has been injured.2 A vehicle not your own has been damaged.3 Any horse, cow,donkey,sheep, or dog has been injured.It has been said that if a driver continues unaware of causing injury he must be acquitted. But the courts are wary of that excuse. Furthermore, the driver himself must wait at the scene; it is not enough for him to leave his chauffeur or a friend to attend to the boring formalities while he goes off on more important business.If you have been involved in an accident and have stopped, you must give your name, address, and registration number to anyone who has a good reason for requesting it; this means anyone affected by the accident. If these formalities are complied with it is not necessary to wait for the arrival of the police. It is, however, often wise to do so. The police are expert at drawing plans, taking measurements and photographs and gathering other evidence. In your absence the police could be given a biased story against you; and you yourself migh wam to point out certain features of the accident to the police.6. A MOMENT'S INATTENTION CAUSES ACCIDENTS' (para. l) is a self defeating Warning because______.(A) it will make a driver wait at the scene(B) it will distract the driver's attention(C) it is too difficult to understand(D) it is too long to be read by drivers7. According to the passage, which of the following statements is true(A) After an accident you have to give your name to anyone who asks for it.(B) Drivers on the Basingstoke by-pass used to ignore the sign.(C) Road construction problems can be a major cause of accidents.(D) A 'black spot' is a part of the road where there are no signs.8. 'Subtle visual traps' are ______.(A) places where the police hide in order to trap motorists(B) parts of the road which are deceptive to the driver's eye(C) danger spots such as sharp corners and cross-roads(D) places where there are man road-signs9. As required by the law, you must stop after an accident, if ______.(A) you have been injured by somebody.(B) your car has been damaged.(C) you have injured somebody else(D) you have witnessed the accidentl 0. After an accident it is recommended that you wait for the police because _________.(A) it is against the law to drive off(B) they have to examine your licence and insurance certificate(C) they have to noto the position of your car(D) somebody may give them a false account of the accidentQuestions 11--15Just as word oil scarcity is already causing intemational conflicts, so will the scarcity of waterreach a point where wars will break out. The statistics on water are already scary. Already well over l billion people suffer from water shortages and 30 countries get more than a third of their water from outside their borders—an obvious source of disputes and instability especially as the climate changes. The whole of the sub-Saharan Africa, most of South Asia and western South America are most at risk. The reason: the rapid melting of glaciers due to global warning.At the meeting of the coalition of 27 Intemaional charities last month, Gareth Thomas, minister of Intenatonal Development of the British government, wrote to prime minister Gordon Brown demanding action to ensure fresh water to billion people with poor supplies. "If we do not act now, the reality is that water supplies may become the subject of international conflict in the years ahead. We need to invest now to prevent us having to pay that price in the future", Thomas said. The department warned that two-thirds of theword's population will live in water-stressed countries by 2025.The coalition of charities has appealed for a global effort to bring running water to the developing world and supply sanitation to a further billion people. It said that international investment is needed now to prevent competition for water to destabilize communities and escalate into conflicts.Tackling the water and sanitation crisis is essential if the Millennium Development Goal Call to Action is to be a success. Otherwise, progress on health, education, and environment sustainability will be undermined. Each year 443 million school days are lost globally to diarrhea and million children die from these diseases. In fact, it is often not realized tha investing in sanitation and water brillgs the greatest public health gains, more than any other single development intervention and delivers enormous economic , some Asian countries have put tackling these issues at the forefront of theirdevelopment efforts. The Millennium Development Goals aim to halve the proportion of people without access to safe drinking water by 20l5. To achieve that urgent action needs to be taken.There is no doubt that climate change is potentially the most important factor affecting water shor tage. This, compounded with a growing and increasingly urbanized global population will put pressure on food and a temperature rise of 2°C, which is likely to happen by 2050, there would be a catastrophic 2 to 3 billion people suffering from water stress.11. What does the author think is primarily responsible for water shortages in the world(A) Climate chance. (B) Border dispute.(C) World competition. (D) Political instability12. According to Gareth Thomas, _______ is the price we have to pay for water shortage if we do not take immediate action.(A ) sanitation crisis (B) intemational conflict(C) global warming (D) over-urbanization13. What can the coalition of charities do to prevent competition for water(A) Appealing for international investment.(B) Bringing running water to the developing world.(C) Supplying sanitation to billions of water-stressed people.(D) Enhancing world environment sustainability13. The Millennium Development Goals aim to_______ in the near future.(A) tackle the water and sanitation crisis(B) yield economic gains as well as public health gains(C) mak progress on health, education and environment sustainability(D) provide more people with clean drinking water15. According to the passage, what will add to water shortage(A) Oil scarcity.(B) A drop in temperature(C) A growing population.(D) Reduced food supplyQuestionsParenting was never a piece of cake in any age, but probably the greatest source of headache for parents today in Japan is the ubiquitous cellphone. Today, 96 percent of senior high school students and 58 percent of junior high school students have cellphones. Even among primary school children, 3l percent have them.By enabling youngsters to stay connected with their parents at all times, these gadgets help to keep children safe. For the kids, they are fun toys, too, that let them text to or chat with their pals whenever they wat, play Intemet games, and enjoy blogging for their own profile and diary purposes.But terrible dangers lurk beneath all that fun and convenience.Every year about l,000 children become involved in rape and other crimes through dating service sites. Violent and obscene images are only a couple of clicks away. On gakkoura saito, or so-called unofficial school websites where kids can post whatever they want, anyone can fall victim to brutal ''verbal mob lynching" by their peers.Amid today's urge nt need to address these problems, the government’s Meeting on Education Rebuilding has issued a report. In response to the Prime Minister's recent comments---“I carmot think of one good reason for (letting youngsters) have a cellphone" and "I would like everyone to discuss whether cellphones are really necessary:" ----the report recommended that "parents, guardians, schools and all parties concerned should cooperate among themselves, so that elementary school pupils and junior high school students do not have a cellphone unless there is a compelling reason for them to do so."But since many parents believe in the necessity of cellphones as a safety tool, it is unrealistic to expect everyone to do away with them. Rather, it would make more sense for guardians, schools and cellphone companies to consider, from their respective standpoints,how cellphones should be used by children.We suggest that parents sit down with their offspring and talk about their “houserules”for cellphone use. For instance, sct the hours allowed, so the kids won't be texting to their friends late into the night, remind them never to give away personal information online, and so on..But there are limits to what individual families can do, and this is where we also suggest that schools should educate their pupils on the dangers of cellphone use. One way to go about this, for instance, may be for each class to set its own rules on sending e-mail messages.16. The word "ubiquitous" (para. l) is closest in meaning to ________.(A) updated (B) sophisticated(C) prevalent (D) obsolete17. Many parents let their kids have cellphones because they ________.(A) want their kids to keep up with the IT World(B) can't think of anything better for their kids to have fun(C) don't want their kids to miss 'what other kids have(D) believe cellphones endble them to stay connected18. Which of the following is NOT the potential risk kids may face when using cellphones(A) Involvement in rape-related crime(B) Exposure to violent and obscene images(C) Falling victim to brutal curses.(D) Being tracked down by unofficial school websites.19. The report issued by the government’s Meeting on Education Rebuilding______.(A) recommended minimizing the use of cellphones among kids(B) suggested setting “house rules” for cellphone use(C) urged parents to remind their children about ce1lphone use(D) pressed schools to educate their pupils on the dangers of cellphone use20. What is the main idea of the passage(A) Parents neglect to protect their kids from cellphones.(B) Parenting with cellphones is a source of headache.(C) Cellphones should be banned from campus.(D) Kids need lessons on the uses of cellphonesQuestion 21--25Extract IA stylish dining room with cream walls and curtains and black carpet as perfect foil to an eclectic array of furniture. Many of the pieces are classics of their particular era, and demonstrate how old and new designs can be happily mixed together Thc prototype chair in the foreground has yet to prove its staying power and was thought up by the flat's occupant. He is pictured in his living room which has the same decorative theme and is linked to the dining room by a high Medieval-styled archway where was once a redundant and uninspiring fireplace.Extract 2Old bathrooms often contain a great deal of ugly pipework in need of disguising. This can either be done by boxing in the exposed pipes, or by fitting wood paneling over them.As wood paneling can be secured over almost anyting---including oid ceramic tiles and chipped walls--- is an effective way of disguising pipework as well as being an attractive form of decoration. The paneling can be vertical, horizontal or diagonal.An alternative way to approach the problem of exposed pipes is to actually make them a feature of the room by picking the pipework out in bright strong colours.Extract 3Cooking takes second place in this charming room which, with its deep armchairs, is more of a sitting room than a kitohen, and th6 ntw RaybUm stove as a good choice, as it blends in well with the old brick and beamed fireplace. There are no fitted units or built-in appliances, so all food preparation is done at the big farmbouse table in the foreground; and the china, pots and pans have been deliberately left on show to make an attractive display. What about the kitchen sink It's hidden away behind an archway which leads into a small scullery. Here there's a second cooker and--- in the best farmhouse tradition--- a huge walk-in larder for all food storage.2l. Why is the colour of the carpet described in Extract l a particular advantage(A) It livens up the colour in an otherwise dull room.(B) It provides a contrast to the furniture.。