英语语法不定式
初中英语语法知识精讲之不定式考点的归纳和总结
初中英语语法知识精讲之不定式考点的归纳和总结一、不定式的语法特点不定式可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语等。
不定式可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语等，这是不定式语法特点之一。
下面我们一一列举:作主语不定式作主语通常表示目的或原因。
例如:"To be or not to be, that is the question."(生存还是毁灭，这是个问题。
)作宾语不定式作宾语通常表示目的或原因。
例如:"I need to study hard to pass the exam."(为了通过考试，我需要努力学习。
)作表语不定式作表语通常表示主语的状态或特征。
例如:"The sky is blue."(天空是蓝色的。
)作定语不定式作定语通常表示主语的特征或状态。
例如:"The book on the shelf is interesting."(书架上的书很有趣。
)作状语不定式作状语通常表示时间、地点、原因、方式等。
例如:"I will go to the park tomorrow."(我明天会去公园。
)不定式可以由动词原形、动名词、不定式符号to和主语构成。
不定式可以由动词原形、动名词、不定式符号to和主语构成，这是不定式语法特点之一。
下面我们一一列举:动词原形不定式可以由动词原形构成，例如:"I want to eat pizza."(我想吃披萨。
)动名词不定式也可以由动名词构成，例如:"She enjoys playing soccer."(她喜欢踢足球。
)不定式符号to不定式还可以由不定式符号to和主语构成，例如:"To be or not to be, that is the question."(生存还是毁灭，这是个问题。
)主语不定式还可以由主语构成，例如:"The teacher gave the students a task to complete."(老师给学生布置了一个任务完成。
高中英语语法不定式
不定式省略问 题
不定式省略问题 有时为了避免重复，省去不定式后面的内容，保留到不定式符 号to；如果是to be ， 保留到be；如果是to have done ， 保 留到to have。
A —— Would you like to go to his party ? —— Yes，I’d like to.
动词不定式的时态和语态
一般式： 动词不定式表示的动作与谓语动词 表示的动作同时发生或在谓语动词之后发生。 He seems to know this. 同时 I hope to meet you again. 之后
进行式：动词不定式表示的动作和谓语动词表 示的动作同时发生，并强调动作正在进行。
He pretended to be sleeping when I came in.
I’ve got a letter to write. He needs a room to live in. （2）序数词后作定语 She likes to listen to Mr. Li’s lessons , so she is always the first to come and the last to leave. （3）the only 后作定语 (4) 最高级后作定语
作宾语补足语: He asked me to do the work with him.
接不定式作宾补的动词有 aswk isahllofworcpeermit order tell advise expect beg invite encourage persuade etc.
* 在 feel hear, listen to have let make have see, watch , look at, notice, observe等词后面的 宾语补足语如果是不定式，要省略 to, 被动语态时 必须加上 to
2023年初中英语语法不定式句法功能详解及典型考题分析
2023年初中英语语法不定式句法功能详解及典型考题分析1.不定式做主语(1)不定式的逻辑主语由引导词来引导，这类引导词最常见的是for 和of。
这一类相应的搭配有以下：absurd, bold, brave, courageous, careful, careless, clever, wise, foolish, silly, stupid, good, nice, kind, thoughtful, considerate, greedy, generous, honest, modest, polite, rude, cruel, selfish, lazy, wicked, wrong。
如：Doctors say that walking is one of the best methods for human beings to keep fit。
医生说，走路几乎是保持健康最好的方法。
It’s so considerate of to arrange the accommodation for us。
都帮我们安排了食宿，您真是考虑的太周到了。
.(2)不定式做主语补足语：掌握常用不定式做主语补足语的句型。
注意不定式表示的动作发生的时间，并采用相应形式。
如：be said / reported / thought / believed / known / supposed + to do sth.例如：You were warned not to read in the strong light，cause it will hurt your eyesight。
不要在强光下看书，会伤害你的眼睛。
2.不定式做宾语掌握要求接不定式做宾语的动词：afford, arrange, attempt, claim, desire, determine, expect, fail, guarantee, endeavor, intend, pledge, pretend, resolve,request, swear, tend, venture。
英语语法——不定式
动词不定式用法举要学习动词不定式时要特别注意以下几点：一、后接不定式的动词1.后接不定式做宾语的动词hope, agree, dare, decide, determine begin, start, refuse, prepare, offer, manage, try, aim, forget, remember ，choose , seem, pretend, learn, love, hate等。
(可记：希望同意敢决定，开始拒绝备提供，设法瞄准忘记选，似乎假装学爱憎。
)2.后接不定式作宾补的动词permit, request, allow, command, tell, invite, cause, encourage, warn, adivse, persuade, force, order, remind, teach等。
(可记首字母：practice wap fort 实践攻克堡垒。
)3.后接不定式既作宾语又可作宾补的动词ask,beg,like,prefer,help,promise,wish,want,expect等。
（可记：请求、愿、助、诺、希望。
）二、不定式省略to的现象：1.在had better, would rather, why not…,do nothing but, would rather…than以及情态动词后。
如：Tom would rather play tennis than swim.I could do nothing but wait for you.2.在see,hear,watch,notice,feel,observe,let,make,have等感官动词和使役动词后接不带to的不定式作宾补，但当这些动词为被动时其后的不定式必须带to.如： He saw two men enter the room.I was made to do it.三、不定式的否定式否定不定式时，否定副词not或never, seldom, hardly等要置于to前。
英语中不定式（todo）的6种成分和2种独立用法
英语中不定式（todo）的6种成分和2种独立用法非谓语是英语学习的重点也是难点，很多同学对这个语法知识一直是处于比较懵的状态。
其实只要掌握非谓语所充当成分的用法就可以运用自如了。
非谓语，顾名思义就是不做谓语的动词的变化形式，即to do ，doing，done。
除了谓语，句子成分中还有主语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语、定语和状语。
下面看看不定式(to do)充当这6种成分的用法：一、不定式作主语1.To see is to believe. （这种情况不常用）2. It is important to learn English well.It 是形式主语，真正的主语是 to learn English well. 这种用法是常用的而且是考点！考点！考点！二、不定式作表语:常说明主语的内容、性质和特征或表动作将要发生。
1. My job is to keep the children safe.2.My task is to type the article.三、不定式做宾语1.He prefers to eat white bread and rice.2.He wants to play football.3.动词feel, find, make, think等后面，可以用it作形式宾语代替真正的宾语——动词不定式，句子结构是...feel / find / make / ... it+adj. / n.+to do...。
如：I find it difficult to remember everything.常接动词不定式作宾语的动词有：（需要记住）agree, afford, appear, ask, attempt；care, choose, claim；dare,decide,demand,deserve,determine；expect, fail, get, guarantee；hate, hesitate, hope, hurry；intend, learn, manage, offer,plan, prepare, pretend, promise；refuse, seem, tend, threaten；want, wish 等四、不定式做宾语补足语1.I'd invite her to have dinner at my house.2 . We should allow the children to choose their own clothes.Note 1: 带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词主要有：要求允许提议(ask, allow, advise)，期望邀请鼓励(expect, invite, encourage)，教导告诉想要(teach, tell, want)，等待希望愿意(wait for, wish, would like / love)。
【高中英语语法】不定式
【高中英语语法】不定式在高中英语语法中，不定式是一个非常重要的知识点。
不定式的形式为“to ＋动词原形”，它具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，在句子中能够充当多种成分。
不定式作主语不定式作主语时，通常表示具体的、一次性的动作。
例如：“To learn a foreign language well is not easy”（学好一门外语不容易。
）在这个句子中，“To learn a foreign language well”就是整个句子的主语。
为了避免句子头重脚轻，常用 it 作形式主语，而将真正的主语不定式后置。
比如：“It is not easy to learn a foreign language well”不定式作宾语不定式可以作某些动词的宾语，常见的这类动词有：want, hope, wish, decide, expect 等。
比如：“I want to go home now”（我现在想回家。
）“He decided to study harder”（他决定更努力学习。
）此外，有些动词后接宾语时，需要用“疑问词＋不定式”的结构。
例如：“I don't know what to do next”（我不知道接下来做什么。
）不定式作定语不定式作定语时，通常置于被修饰的名词或代词之后。
它与被修饰词之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系。
比如：“I have a lot of work to do”（我有很多工作要做。
）这里的“work”是“do”的逻辑宾语。
如果不定式是不及物动词，其后要加上相应的介词。
例如：“He is looking for a room to live in”（他正在找一个住的房间。
）不定式作状语不定式可以作目的状语、结果状语和原因状语。
作目的状语时，非常常见。
例如：“She went to the library to borrow some books”（她去图书馆借一些书。
2024年中考英语一轮复习-动词不定式的用法及语法功能
动词不定式的用法及语法功能不定式中所谓“不定”，是指不受主语的人称和数的变化的影响。
动词不定式的基本形式有两种，一种是带to的不定式，另一种是不带to的不定式。
动词不定式没有人称和数的变化，在句子中不能作谓语，但可以担任除谓语外的任何成分——主语，表语，定语，状语和宾语补足语。
动词不定式仍然保留动词的特点，即有自己的宾语和状语，也就是说，动词不定式和它的宾语或状语构成它自己的不定式短语。
不定式的语法功能不定式在句子中有各种作用，不定式具有名词，形容词和副词的特征。
不定式作名词的用法不定式在句子中的作用，有时和名词相同，在句子中担当主语，表语，宾语和宾语补足语。
不定式作主语：常用句型 It is … to …不定式作主语的句子通常用 It is … to+不定式的句型来代替，在句子中it 作形式主语，真正的主语式后面的动词不定式。
在这里，不定式被视为第三人称单数，所以动词要用 is (现在时) 或was (过去时)。
如以下例句所示：It is important to learn English well.It is dangerous to play in the street.It is hard to say goodbye with you.不定式作表语：To do 不定式作表语e.g. The best plan is to leave here. 最好的计划是离开这里。
不定式作宾语：不定式在及物动词后作宾语，常见的及物动词有：Ask, decide, begin, fail, continue, forget, hate, help, like, long, want, wait, manage, need, start, pretend, refuse, try, dare, agree, know, wish, afford 等不定式作副词的用法：不定式有时起副词作用，修饰动词或形容词，在句子中相当于状语，表示目的和原因表目的：-不定式在不及物动词后担当状语e.g. My mom came to see me yesterday evening.-针对why的疑问句回答时，如果表示目的，可用不定式来代替。
英语语法 不定式短语有哪些常见的类型
英语语法不定式短语有哪些常见的类型不定式短语在英语语法中有多种常见的类型，以下是一些常见的不定式短语类型：1. 直接不定式短语（Bare Infinitive Phrase）：直接不定式短语是由动词的原形构成的短语，不带"to"。
它可以作为动词的宾语或表语。
例如：- I saw him leave the room.（我看到他离开房间。
）- His dream is to become a pilot.（他的梦想是成为一名飞行员。
）2. 带"to"的不定式短语（Infinitive Phrase with "to"）：带"to"的不定式短语是最常见的类型，由"to"加上动词原形构成。
它可以作为名词、形容词或副词。
例如：- To err is human.（犯错是人之常情。
）（名词）- She is eager to learn.（她渴望学习。
）（形容词）- He works hard to succeed.（他努力工作以取得成功。
）（副词）3. 带"to"的被动不定式短语（Passive Infinitive Phrase with "to"）：被动不定式短语由"to"加上动词的过去分词构成，表示被动的动作或状态。
例如：- He wants to be invited to the party.（他希望被邀请参加聚会。
）4. 过去不定式短语（Past Infinitive Phrase）：过去不定式短语由"to"加上动词的过去分词构成，表示在过去发生的动作。
例如：- She is glad to have finished her project.（她很高兴完成了她的项目。
）5. 完成不定式短语（Perfect Infinitive Phrase）：完成不定式短语由"to"加上动词的完成式构成，表示动作发生在主句中谓语动词之前。
初三英语语法点拨动词不定式的用法与实例
初三英语语法点拨动词不定式的用法与实例初三英语语法点拨：动词不定式的用法与实例在初三英语的学习中，动词不定式是一个非常重要的语法点。
掌握动词不定式的用法对于我们正确理解和运用英语句子有着至关重要的作用。
接下来，让我们一起深入了解动词不定式的奇妙世界。
一、动词不定式的构成动词不定式的基本形式是“to ＋动词原形”，其中“to”是动词不定式的符号，没有实际意义。
例如：“to study”（学习）、“to play”（玩耍）。
需要注意的是，在某些情况下，“to”可以省略。
例如，在使役动词（let, make, have）和感官动词（see, hear, watch, feel, notice 等）后作宾语补足语时，要省略“to”。
例如：“Let him go”（让他走。
）“I saw her come in”（我看见她进来了。
）二、动词不定式的用法1、作主语动词不定式作主语时，通常位于句首。
但为了保持句子平衡，常用“it”作形式主语，将真正的主语——动词不定式后置。
例如：“To learn English well i s not easy”（学好英语不容易。
）这句话可以改写为：“Itis not easy to learn English well”2、作宾语一些动词后常接动词不定式作宾语，如：want, hope, wish, decide, plan, expect 等。
例如：“I want to go home”（我想回家。
）“She decides to study harder”（她决定更努力学习。
）3、作宾语补足语某些动词（如：ask, tell, want, teach, allow 等）后可接带“to”的动词不定式作宾语补足语。
例如：“The teacher asked us to do our homework carefully”（老师要求我们认真做作业。
）4、作定语动词不定式作定语时，要放在被修饰的名词或代词之后。
动词不定式的形式初中英语语法资料
动词不定式的形式初中英语语法资料
1.动词不定式的一般形式：
不定式的一般形式是"to + 动词原形"，如：to eat, to read, to dance等。
2.动词不定式的否定形式：
不定式的否定形式是在"to"之前加上"not"，构成"not + to + 动词
原形"，如：not to eat, not to read, not to dance等。
3.动词不定式的一般疑问形式：
不定式的一般疑问形式是将"to"放在动词原形之前，构成"to + 动词
原形 + ?"，如：to eat? to read? to dance?等。
4.动词不定式的完成形式：
不定式的完成形式是在"to"后面加上have，再加上动词的过去分词
形式，构成"to have + 过去分词"，如：to have eaten, to have read, to have danced等。
5.动词不定式的被动形式：
不定式的被动形式是在"to"后面加上be，再加上动词的过去分词形式，构成"to be + 过去分词"，如：to be eaten, to be read, to be danced等。
需要注意的是，动词不定式在句子中充当动词，可以用作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语等，具体用法要根据句子的结构和语境进行判断。
在一
些特殊情况下，动词不定式可能省略"to"，例如：let me go, make him stop等。
不定式的用法
不定式的用法不定式是英语中的一个重要语法结构，由动词原形前加上to构成。
在句子中，不定式可以作为名词、形容词或副词的补语，具有多种用法。
是英语中的一个重要语法结构，由动词原形前加上to构成。
在句子中，不定式可以作为名词、形容词或副词的补语，具有多种用法。
1. 作名词使用不定式可以作为名词的补语，在句子中担任主语、宾语或表语的角色。
- 作主语：不定式可以独立作为句子的主语，如：- To learn a new language takes time and effort.- 作宾语：不定式可以作及物动词的宾语，如：- She wants to travel around the world.- 作表语：不定式可以作be动词的表语，如：2. 作形容词使用不定式可以作形容词的补语，修饰名词或代词。
常见的结构有：- It is + 形容词 + 不定式：- It is difficult to understand.- This/That + be + 形容词 + 不定式：- This book is easy to read.- 主语 + be + 形容词 + 不定式：- He was happy to see his family.3. 作副词使用不定式可以作副词的补语，修饰动词、形容词或副词。
常见的用法有：- 修饰动词：- She came to help us.- 修饰形容词：- He is ready to go.- 修饰副词：- She works too hard to relax.4. 其他用法除了以上的常见用法外，不定式还有其他一些特殊用法，如：- 不定式作目的状语：- I went to the store to buy some milk.- 不定式作结果状语：- He studied hard to pass the exam.- 不定式作条件状语：- If you want to succeed, you have to work hard.需要注意的是，不定式可能带有to的省略形式，尤其在口语中常见。
英语语法-动词不定式课件
d. saw
forget/remember doing sth.
stop/go on to do sth
stop/go on doing sth
The scientist stopped __ to me though he was
busy.
√
a. talking
b. to talk
c. to have talk
It’s +adj+of sb+to do sth. Eg:你能邀请我，你真是太善良了。 It’s very kind of you to invit me. 若形容词是描述人的性格、品质的，如 kind，good，nice，right，wrong，clever， careless，polite，foolish等，用of sb. Eg:你真聪明，解出了这道数学题。 It’s clever of you to work out the maths problem.
1. It takes you ten minutes to get there. 主语
2. I hope to see him soon.
宾语
3. His wish is to become an artist.
表语
4. People eat to live, but not live to eat. 状语
I wish to go with you.
need to do learn to do agree to do
plan to do decide to do refuse to do
begin to do start to do
try to do
forget to do remember to do like to do
英语语法不定式
5.---Did you get a job? --- No, I ___ , but it’s no use. A.expected B. tried to C. managed to D. planned
6.We find it impossible for the work ___ ahead of time. A.to finish B. finishing C. being finished D. to be finished
•不定式与疑问词who,which, when, how, what 等连用，在句中起名词作用，可充当主语、表 语、宾语等。
He didn’t know what to say.他不知道说什么。
(宾语)
How to solve the problem is very important.
如何解决这个问题很重要。(主语) My question is when to start.我的问题是什么时 候开始。(表语)
3. The patient was warned ____ oily food after the operation. A. to eat not B.eating not C. not to eat D.not eating
4. I would love ____ to the party last night but I had to work extra hours to finish a report. A. to go B. to have gone C. going D. having gone
不定式作主语时,往往放在谓语之后, 用it作形式主语.
三. 用法/ 功能
(2). 表语
My job
高中英语语法：不定式的用法_
高中英语语法：不定式的用法_动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征。
因此在句中可以做主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语。
一、不定式做主语：1、不定式做主语一般表示具体的某次动作。
===动名词doing 表示习惯的，经常的动作。
e.g: To finish the building in a month is difficult.To do such things is foolish.To see is to believe. (对等)注: 1). 不定式作主语时,谓语用单数2). 当主语较长，谓语较短时，常用it做形式主语，而将不定式放到谓语的后面。
it做形式主语，不定式放在谓语动词之后常用于下列结构中：(1)It is/was +adj.+of sb. to do(2) It is +adj.+for sb.+to doIt is easy / difficult / hard / foolish / unwise / right / wrong / unnecessary(3) it is +a +名词+ to do...It is a pity / a pleasure / a pleasant thing / one s duty / an honor / a shame / a crime / no easy job to doIt takes (sb.) some time / courage / patience to doIt requires courage / patience / hard work to do *注意: probable 和 possible 均可作表语，但possible可以用不定式作真实主语，而probable不能用不定式作真实主语。
It is probable for him to come to the meeting.(错) It is possible for him to come to the meeting.It is possible / probable that he will come to the meeting.二、不定式做表语主语是以aim duty hope idea intention plan job suggestion wish purpose task 等为中心词的名词词组或以what 引导的名词性从句表示，后面的不定式说明其内容, 不定式作表语常表示将来或现在的动作或状态。
英语语法_不定式
He found a good house to live in. to worry about 可担心的 The child has nothing _______________(可担心的 可担心的). What language did Marks write his book “the Civil War in France” __________? D A. / B. by C. with D. in The mail is not for me. It is another Mr Smith who is the B person to _______. A. to send it B. to send it to C. to send to D. to be sent for
• （4）作宾语补足语： ）作宾语补足语： • 1)vt. + 宾语 + (to) do： (want, wish, ask, tell, order, beg, ： permit, help, advise, persuade, allow, prepare, cause, force, call on, wait for, invite etc.) • • • • 2)with + 宾语 + to do (表示将来动作 表示将来动作) 表示将来动作 A With a lot of work _______, he didn't go to the cinema. B With all the work ______, he went to the cinema. A. to do B. done C. doing D. to have been done
• 有些动词 个半动词)make, have, let, see, hear, watch, 有些动词(11个半动词 个半动词 feel, notice, observe, look at, listen to, (help)等与不带有 等与不带有to 等与不带有 的不定式连用，但改为被动语态时，不定式要加to, 的不定式连用，但改为被动语态时，不定式要加 如： • I saw him cross the road. to cross the road. He was seen __________________ • I suddenly heard my name ___________ by a low voice C from behind in the darkness. • A. calling B. to call C. called D. call • 特别注意：hope/suggest/agree/demand等后面不能跟 特别注意： 等后面不能跟sb 等后面不能跟 to do.
不定式知识梳理-2024届高考英语一轮语法复习
不定式（1）不定式的一般式不定式的一般式表示的动作通常时间性不强，与谓语动词表示的动作没有时间先后顺序I’m pleased to see you here.I am expecting to hear from you.I would like you to stay over the weekend with me.(2)不定式的完成式不定式的完成式表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前，强调动作的先后顺序I’m sorry to have kept you waiting so long.She is said to have studied abroad last year.The boy pretended to have known the answer.(3)不定式的进行式不定式的进行式表示的动作与谓语动词表示的动作同时进行Mary seems to be thinking deeply.The children pretended to be reading aloud when the teacher came in.I happened to be watching TV when she called.(4)不定式的被动形式不定式的被动式只有一般式和完成式She asks to be treated equally.The radio needs to be repaired.The room seems to have been broken in.The telephone is considered to have been invented by Bell.动词不定式的用法：一、作主语A.动词不定式作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。
（可由it作形式主语,而将真正的主语不定式后置。
）1. To point out the mistakes you have made is my chief purpose.2.To become a slave is to give up one's freedom.3.It is impossible for him to give up smoking.4.To get there by air will take you only about two hours.=It will take you only about two hours to get there by air.B: It is +adj. + for sb to do sth.5.对于学生们来说，理解这篇文章很容易。
动词不定式的语法总结
动词不定式的语法总结动词不定式是非谓语动词的一种形式，是英语中常见的一种语法，学生一定要做好总结，拿下这个知识点。
小编为大家力荐了动词不定式常用的语法总结，给大家作为参考，欢迎阅读!动词不定式的七种用法动词不定式的基本形式为to+动词原形.1.动词不定式做主语.谓语用第三人称单数形式.如果主语较长则用it做形式主语,将真正的主语动词不定式放到句尾.egTo see is to believe.It's a bad habit to run after dinner.2 做表语.the important things is to save lives.3 做宾语he likes to play with children.4做宾语补足语.形容词做宾补时.常用it做形式宾语.把真正的宾语放到宾补之后.he feels it happy to help others.5做定语she asked me to help her with her English.6做状语you are never too old to learn.(结果状语)7特殊疑问词+动词不定式.I am thinking about what to say.动词的不定式的用法口诀①不定式有标记，to与动词连一起。
②没有人称数变化，动词特点它具备。
③主宾定状表补语，唯独作谓不可以。
④not 加上不定式，否定结构要牢记。
⑤疑问词与不定式，构成短语有意义。
⑥仔细推敲多思考，准确判断有依据。
动词不定式专题练习1. This company was the first ____ portable radios as well as cassette tape recorders in the world.A. producingB. to produceC. having producedD. produced2. The purpose of new technology is to make life easier, ____it more difficult.A .not making B. not make C .not to make D. nor to make3. Helen had to shout ______above the sound of the music .A .making herself hear B. to make herself hearC. making herself heard D .to make herself heard4. I don’t know whether you happen_______ ,but I am going to study in the U.S.A this September.A .to be heard. B. to be bearing C .to hear D .to have heard5. The news reporters hurried to the airport, only ______the film stars had left.A .to tellB .to be toldC .tellingD .told6. You were silly not _______your car.A. to lockB. to have lockedC. lockingD. having locked7. The teacher asked us ______so much noise.A .don’t make B. not make C. not making D .not to make8. An army spokesman stressed that all the soldiers had been ordered _____clear warnings before firing any shots.A .to issue B. being issued C. to have issued D. to be issued9. I’d rather have a room of my own, however small it is, than_______ a room with someone else.A. to shareB. to have sharedC. shareD. sharing10. The bank is reported in the local newspaper_________ in broad daylight yesterday.A. robbedB. to have been robbedC. being robbedD. having been robbed11. A number of paintings in the castle are believed ________ina fire.A. being destroyedB. having been destroyedC. to be destroyedD. to have been destroyed12. The meeting _______ next week is sure to be a great success.A. to take placeB. to be taken placeC. to have taken placeD. being taken place13. As a result of my laziness, I failed ________ my work in time.A. and finishedB. to finishC. and finishingD. to finished14. I am sorry ______ written you a letter at the time.A. to have notB. to not haveC. not to haveD. not having15. Will you lend him a magazine _________?A. to be readB. for readingC. to readD. he read16. He could do nothing but _______for the bus _________.A. wait, to comeB. wait; comeC. waiting; comingD. waited; came17 .It is a problem that doesn't need ________ right now.A. to solveB. solvingC. being solvedD. to be solving18. There’s a man at the reception desk who seems very angry and I think he means _______ trouble.A. makingB. to makeC. to have madeD. having made19. I remember _______him _______the bike needed __________.A. hearing, saying, to repairB. to hear, say, to repairC. hearing, say, repairingD. to hear, saying, to be repaired20. --- You should have thanked her before you left.--- I meant _________, but when I was leaving I couldn’t find her anywhere.。
动词不定式语法总结
动词不定式语法总结动词不定式是英语中的一种特殊形式，由“to + 动词原形”构成。
它在句子中可以充当名词、形容词或副词，具有多种用法和功能。
本文将对动词不定式的语法进行总结和归纳。
一、动词不定式作主语动词不定式可以作为句子的主语，常用结构为“动词不定式+ 谓语”。
例如：“To learn a foreign language is beneficial for personal development.”（学习一门外语对个人发展是有益的）。
“To travel is my dream.”（旅行是我的梦想）。
二、动词不定式作宾语1. 动词不定式作及物动词的宾语，常用结构为“动词+ 动词不定式”。
例如：“I want to learn how to play the guitar.”（我想学弹吉他）。
“She promised to help me with my homework.”（她答应帮我做作业）。
2. 动词不定式作介词的宾语，常用结构为“介词 + 动词不定式”。
例如：“I am good at playing basketball.”（我擅长打篮球）。
“He is interested in learning about different cultures.”（他对了解不同文化很感兴趣）。
三、动词不定式作表语动词不定式可以作为句子的表语，常用结构为“主语+ 系动词+动词不定式”。
例如：“Her dream is to become a doctor.”（她的梦想是成为一名医生）。
“His goal is to win the championship.”（他的目标是赢得冠军）。
四、动词不定式作定语动词不定式可以作为句子中名词的定语，常用结构为“名词+ 动词不定式”。
例如：“I have a book to read.”（我有一本书要读）。
“She has a meeting to attend.”（她有一个会议要参加）。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
动词不定式不定式由“to+动词原形”构成，其否定形式是“ not to+动词原形”, 不定式可以带宾语或状语构成不定式短语，没有人称和数的变化，但是有时态和语态的变化。
1，不定式做主语：（1）往往放在谓语的后面，句子则用引导词it作形式主语。
It is a great pleasure to talk with him. (2)在不定式的前面加一个由for引起的断语说明不定式表示的动作的执行者。
It is easy for the students to read.（3）在下列形容词作表语时，不定式前常需加由for引起的短语，说明不定式指的是谁的情况：kind, good, nice, wise, unwise, clever, silly, wrong, right, foolish, stupid, careless, rude, polite, naught.2,不定式作宾语及复合宾语：（1）有些及物动词常用动词不定式作宾语，常见动词有：want, demand, like, hate, hope, begin, seem, fail, help, offer, manage, pretend（假装）, forget, remember, promise, prepare, learn, expect, agree, determine, prefer, intend. （2）有些及物动词常用一个连接代词（副词）加上动词不定式作宾语。
常见的动词有：tell, teach, advise, show, decide, discuss等等。
The teacher taught me how to pronounce the word again and again.（3)有些动词需要复合宾语，动词不定式在复合宾语中作宾语补足语。
常见动词有：ask, advise, allow, believe, call on(号召，请求), help, know, like, order, tell, persuade, permit, want.I asked my mother to buy a new bike for me. （4）有些动词的复合宾语中，动词不定时须省掉to，这样的动词有：see, watch, notice, observe, look at, listen to, hear, have, feel, let, make, help.e.g. We wanted to have him come early.They saw the boys play volleyball on the ground after school.【注意】①help后面的 to可省掉，也可保留。
②在被动语态的句子中不定式省去的to需要还原。
Feel,hear,listento,lookat,notice,observe,se e,watch,have, let .（5）有些动词复合宾语中的不定式，常用it来表示，真正作宾语的不定式则放在宾语补足语的后面，常见的动词有：find, think, make, consider, feel.Do you consider it right to send our doctors over?3，不定式作定语：不定式作定语时，一般放在被修饰的名词或代词之后。
（1）有些名词的后面常用不定式作定语。
这些名词是：campaign(战役)，courage, chance, decision, determination, drive, effort, intention(目的，意图), motive force(动力)，movement, need, opportunity, right, struggle, time, way, wish. (2)有些句子常可以看到不定式作定语的用法。
这类举行常见的有：I usually have a lot of meetings to attend during the summer vacation. He has something important to tell me every day.Sorry, I don’t know you are always the first person to come here.This is not the pen to write with.I have not a friend to talk with.4，不定式作状语的用法：不定式作状语，用来修饰动词，表示目的，原因，结果，其位置和一般的状语相同。
（1）表示目的：We went to the airport to welcome the players last Saturday.【注意】有时不定式表示目的时使用in order to或 so as to加动词原形，为了表示强调，放在句首或句尾。
In order to improve my English, I read China Daily every day.He took a taxi so as to miss the train.【注意】不定式作目的状语放在句首时，其表示的目的更加明显突出，有时作为句子独立成分的插入语或习惯用语也是一样。
To tell you the truth, he has gone to Japan. To conclude, he died of cancer.To be fair, she is an honest girl.（2）表示原因：To hear him talk in that manner, you would think him a foreigner.【注意】许多形容词，副词，过去分词作表语时，后面带有不定式作状语，表示产生这种情绪的原因。
常见的这类词有：able, angry, anxious, afraid, clever, determined, eager(急于), fit, foolish, free, glad, lucky, cruel,delighted(高兴的), pleased, ready, sorry, sure, willing, happy, shocked(震惊), proud, frightened, fortunate, surprised, disappointed, careful.e.g. You are sure to succeed.The students are anxious to learn a second foreign language.Be careful not to catch cold.(3)下面结构中的形容词后面可带不定式，句子的主语可以是人，也可以是物。
这样的形容词有：easy, hard, difficult, comfortable, deep, good. e.g. The new leader is easy to get along with. The river is broad, deep and good to swim in. 5，不定式的时态形式：动词不定式一般有三种时态形式，即一般式，进行式，完成式。
（1）一般式（to do）：表示的动作通常与主要谓语动词所表示的动作（状态）同事（或几乎同时）发生，或之后发生。
I hope to see you again.（2）完成式（to have done）：表示的动作，先于句子的谓语动词所表示的动作或状态。
I’m glad to have met your parents here.I’m sorry to have kept him waiting for me so long.（3）进行式（to be doing）：表示不定式的动作正在进行，与句子的谓语动作同时发生，其中不定式的动词应是延续性动词。
When he came in, I happened to be reading on the bed.He pretended to be doing his homework when he heard his father’s voice.6，不定式的被动式：当不定式的逻辑主语是不定式所表示的动作的承受者时，不定式一般用被动形式。
不定式的被动形式有两种：一般式 to be done; 完成式 to have been done.e.g. It is an honor for me to be asked to speak here.7，不定式被省略时应注意的问题：当一个不定式被省略时，下列情况一般要保留to，表示省略的是一个不定式。
(1)—Would you go there with me?—I’m glad to.(2)—Did you pass the exam?—No, I tried to, but failed.(3)—Do you want to sing them an English song? —I prefer not to.(4)You had better sing an English song if they ask you to again.这种用法的结构还有：used to(常常), be going to(打算), mean to(打算), ought to(应该), plan to(计划), want to(要想).8，…but…句型中的不定式符号to省略与保留：I have no choice but to go there alone.I have nothing to do but go there alone.He did nothing but cry all day long.【注意】句子中but后面的不定式带不带to,取决于but前面的句子里含不含do，只要有与do(did)有关的词（do作谓语, to do作定语等）but后面的不定式就省掉to.。