Unit1 The Basic Components of an Automobile汽车结构
专业英语全文翻译unit1-unit6
Unit 1 Automotive BasicsAutomobiles, trucks, and buses are essential forms of transportation. They are complex machines made up of many parts. These parts can be grouped into a number of systems. An understanding of how the system work will help you understand how the automobile works.轿车、卡车和客车是交通运输的重要组成部分。
它们都是由许多部件组成的复杂机器。
这些部件可以归类为汽车的几个组成系统。
了解这些各个小系统是如何工作的将有助于我们理解整个汽车系统是如何工作。
An automobile can be divided into two basic parts: a body and a chassis. The body is the enclosure that houses the engine, passengers, and cargo. It is the part of the automobile that you see. The chassis is that part of the automobile beneath the body.汽车可以分为两个基本部分：车身和底盘。
车身包围发动机、乘客和行李，它是汽车你所看到的部分。
而车身以下的部分就是底盘。
An automobile body is a sheet metal shell with windows, doors, a hood, and a trunk deck built into it. It provides a protective covering for the engine, passengers, and cargo. The body is designed to keep passengers safe and comfortable. For example, insulation in the body reduces noise and protects against heat and cold. The body styling provides an attractive, colorful, modern appearance for the vehicle. It is streamlined to lessen wind resistance and to keep the car from swaying at driving speeds.轿车车身是一个钣金件壳体，它上面有车窗、车门、发送机罩和行李舱门等部件，它给发动机、乘客和行李提供防护。
电气工程与自动化专业英语第一章课文翻译
第一章第一篇sectiongTwo variables u(t) and i(t) are the most basic concepts in an electric circuit, they characterize the various relationships in an electric circuitu(t)和i(t)这两个变量是电路中最基本的两个变量，它们刻划了电路的各种关系。
Charge and CurrentThe concept of electric charge is the underlying principle for explaining all electrical phenomena. Also, the most basic quantity in an electric circuit is the electric charge. Charge is an electrical property of the atomic particles of which matter consists, measured in coulombs (C). 电荷和电流电荷的概念是用来解释所有电气现象的基本概念。
也即，电路中最基本的量是电荷。
电荷是构成物质的原子微粒的电气属性，它是以库仑为单位来度量的。
We know from elementary physics that all matter is made of fundamental building blocks known as atoms and that each atom consists of electrons, protons, and neutrons. We also know that the charge e on an electron is negative and equal in magnitude to 1.60210×10 19C, while a proton carries a positive charge of the same magnitude as the electron. The presence of equal numbers of protons and electrons leaves an atom neutrally charged. 我们从基础物理得知一切物质是由被称为原子的基本构造部分组成的，并且每个原子是由电子，质子和中子组成的。
汽车专业英语unit 1 Automobile Culture
Warming up
Discuss in groups. 1.Do you know any other structures about the engine? 2.What kinds of engines do you know?
Listening and Speaking
Listen again and answer the questions. 1. Who built the first car in the world? 2. When was the first car built in the world ? 3.What are the four largest auto manufacturers in the world?
Contents
1
Warming up
2
Listening and Speaking
3
Relaxing
4
Words and expressions
Warming up
Listen and match.
car
bus
concept vehicle
off-road vehicle
Listening and Speaking
Listen to the dialogue and repeat.
Xiao Ming: Excuse me, do you know who built the first car in the world and when? Li Hua: Karl Benz from German built the first car in 1886. XiaoMing: That means it is already one hundred years since the first automobile was invented in the world . Li Hua: That’s right. Xiao Ming: The auto industry has really developed very fast, hasn’t it? Li Hua: Yes, I think so .Now, General Motors, Toyota, Nissan and Ford are generally considered to be the four largest auto manufacturers in the world.
汽车英语ppt
课程介绍
课程属性——限定性选修课 课程属性 限定性选修课 课时——48学时 课时 48学时 48 课程内容——汽车结构、工作原理。教材内容较新，新技术内容 课程内容 汽车结构、工作原理。教材内容较新， 汽车结构 多。
学习目的
1.打好基础：首先掌握必要词汇，熟悉并巩固语法与专业知识， 1.打好基础：首先掌握必要词汇，熟悉并巩固语法与专业知识， 打好基础 开阔眼界；学好本门课程，对考研亦有一定的帮助 开阔眼界；学好本门课程， 2.掌握翻译技巧，提高翻译水平，较熟练笔译专业资料，解决生 2.掌握翻译技巧，提高翻译水平，较熟练笔译专业资料， 掌握翻译技巧 产实际中的问题 3.阅读本专业领域的国外资料 阅读本专业领域的国外资料， 3.阅读本专业领域的国外资料，了解和掌握本专业的发展动态和 前沿技术， 前沿技术，为研究和创新奠定基础
学习方法
认真听讲，做好记录， 认真听讲，做好记录，大胆实践
PROFESSIONAL ENGLISH
UNIT 1 AUTOMOTIVE BASICS
TEXT A The Basic Components of an Automobile
本次课学习内容 UNIT 1 AUTOMOTIVE BASICS
TEXT A The Basic Components of an Automobile
Engine Chassis Body Electrical Equipment
本次课学习目标
掌握汽车主要部件的英文名称 掌握各类汽车的英文名称 掌握常用术语（ PHRASES AND EXPRESSIONS） 了解翻译的标准
clutch [klʌt∫]n.离合器 ʌ 离合器 hydraulic [hai'drɔ:lik]a.液压的，水压的，水力的 液压的， ɔ 液压的 水压的， isolate ['aisəleit]v.隔离 孤立 绝缘，查出（故障） 隔离, 隔离 孤立, 绝缘，查出（故障） course [kɔ:s]n.过程 经过 进程 方针 路线 跑道 课程 过程, ɔ 过程 经过, 进程, 方针, 路线, 跑道, manoeuvre [mə'nu:və]=maneuvre v.策划 调动 演习 策划, 调动, 演习, 策划 操纵，机动（动作）；n.策略 操纵，机动（动作）；n.策略, 调动 ）； 策略, drum [drʌm]n.鼓, 鼓声；v.击鼓 ʌ 鼓 鼓声； 击鼓 pedal ['pedl]n.踏板 踏板
UNIT 1 Basic Concepts
• • • • • •
What is Business Writing
• What're the obvious advantages of writing?
• What's classification of Business writing？
• What is Business Writing？
Unit 1 Basic Concept
主讲人：刘玉倩
CONTENTS
• • • • • • •
internship ['ɪntɝnʃɪp] n. 实习生；实习期；实习医师职位 chore [tʃɔr] n. 家庭杂务；日常杂务；讨厌的或累人的工作 interpret [ɪn'tɝprɪt] vt. 说明；口译 vi. 解释；翻译 secretary ['sɛkrətɛrɪ] n. 秘书；书记；部长；大臣 supervisor ['supɚvaɪzɚ] n. 监督人，管理人；检查员 general office 办公厅；总务处 grab vt. 攫取；霸占；将…深深吸引 vi. 攫取；夺取 n. 攫取； 霸占；夺取之物 • scribble ['skrɪbl] n. 潦草写成的东西；潦草的写法；杂文vt. 乱写；滥写；潦草地书写； vi. 乱写；乱涂
Assignment
•
• • •
Read for Reference p7-p9
How many types of notices are there? What are they? What is the purpose of writing a notice? What are the characteristics of an effective notice?
Chapter_1_Automotive_Basics英语
The utility or pick-up carries goods. Usually it has stronger chassis components and suspension than a sedan to support greater gross vehicle mass. utility / pick-up: 皮卡 Gross vehicle mass： 车辆总质量 Curb weight 汽车整备重量 皮卡一般用来运载货物。为能承载更大的总质量， 皮卡的底盘和悬架比轿车更结实。
Hood：发动机罩 bonnet 软帽 Trunk deck：行李箱盖 Trunk ：行李箱 Luggage：行李 baggage Cargo：货物 goods
汽车车身是一个金属板壳，它带有窗、门、发动 机罩和行李箱盖。汽车车身为发动机、乘员和货物提 供了保护。
The body is designed to keep passengers safe and comfortable. The body styling provides an attractive, colorful, moderns appearance for the vehicle.
A van is a kind of vehicle used for transporting goods or groups of people. It is usually a box-shaped vehicle on four wheels, about the same width and length as a large automobile, but taller and usually higher off the ground, also referred to as a light commercial vehicle or LCV. However, in North America, the term may be used to refer to any truck with a rigid cargo body fixed to the cab, even up to large sizes.
汽车专业英语unit 1 Automobile Culture
• consider [kən'sɪdə] vi. 考虑；认为；细想
vt.
考虑；认为；考虑到；细想
• manufacturers [,mæ nju'fæ ktʃərəz] [经] 制造商；[经] 厂商
Contents
1
Warming up
2
Listening and Speaking
3
Relaxing
4
Words and expressions
Listening and Speaking
Listen and learn the words and expressions in the box.
In 1886. • 3.What are the four largest auto manufacturers in the world?
They are Audi , Ford, BMW, Lincoln, Hyundai and Volkswagen..
Listening and Speaking
Unit 1
Automobile Culture
Automobile Culture
You will be able to:
1. Talk about the history of Automobile.（谈论汽车的历史）
2. Tell some culture of Automobile（讲一些汽车的文 化）
PPT模板下载：/moban/ 节日PPT模板：/jieri/ PPT背景图片：/beijing/ 优秀PPT下载：/xiazai/ Word教程： /word/ 资料下载：/ziliao/ 范文下载：/fanwen/ 教案下载：/jiaoan/
汽车专业英语 Unit2(发动机部分)
11
活塞反复运动两次，曲轴转动两周， 四个冲程完成一个工作循环。
四冲程发动机
Four stroke engine
stroke
[strəʊk]
n. 冲程，行程；
12
水箱，通过水泵作用，水 通过水道流通整个汽缸体， 进行降温。
水冷却式发动机
Water coolet engine
13
风冷，通过空气气流与风扇 作用，空气/风通过发动机整 个汽缸体，进行降温。
进气系统
Cooling system
Intake system Exhaust system
28
排气系统
There are four basic components of the automobile : engine , chassis , body and electrical system . 译：汽车有四个基本组成部分，发动机， 底盘，车身和电气系统。 Engine system includes ： ignition system，lubrication system, cooling system, starting system. 译：发动机系统包括：点火系，润滑系， 冷却系，起动系。
1.发动机
electrical system
图示：The basic components of an automobile
4.电气系统
4
•例句分析：
• There are four basic components of the automobile : engine , chassis , body and electrical system . • 中文：basic component --- 基本组成； engine 发动机 • 问题：汽车共四个组成部分：_________、 chassis 底盘 body 车身 __________ 、_________ electrical system电气系统 ___________________ 。
行业英语——汽车类课文 unit1
Table Talk Task I. Complete the following dialogues by translating Chinese into English orally. A: Hi, Linda! Can you tell me other things interesting about Karl Benz? B: OK, in 1871, 1.__________________________(他创建了他的第一家公司), and, here, he started his career in hope of finding a new income. A: ______________________________(他的第一次旅行成功了吗)? B: Yeah, but you even couldn’t imagine it! A: Come on; tell me what had happened at the time? B: You know the rich people who should have bought the vehicle doubted its reliability. The resolute Bertha, his wife, 3.________________________(和他 的两个孩子一起), was all alone on a long distance tour.
行业英语——汽车类
人民邮电出版社 财经编辑部主任 刘 琦
Unit 1 The History of the Automobile
Focus Section Section Section Section Section Section
1 2 3 4 5 6
Unit1Lesson3 Automotive Basic and Tools
Lesson 1 Automobile Cognition Lesson 2 A Brief Introduction to an Automobile Lesson 3 Automotive Basics and Tools
socket ['sɔkit] n. 套筒
adjustable wrench 活动扳手
parking ['pɑ:kiŋ] n. 停车
ratchet handle 棘轮扳手
instrument ['instrumənt] n. 仪器，设 slip joint pliers 鲤鱼钳
备
plastic ['plæstik] adj. 塑料的
The car body is equipped on chassis for holding the driver, passengers and goods.
The electrical system consists of power and electrical equipment.
Look and Learn Dialogue Reading Learn More Words and Phrases
The engine is the heart of the automobile, because it converts fuel energy into mechanical power.
The chassis receives the power of the engine and makes the car move normally.
John: I have just got a job in a local
章节1
Ans: I1 = -1 mA; I2 = +1 mA.
14
3. Voltage (1)
• The voltage (or potential difference) across a terminal pair is the work (energy ) required to move a unit charge through an element, measured in volts (V). – w is work in joules (J) and q is charge in coulomb (C),and 1 volt is the same as 1 J/C. • Mathematically,
In the wire of Fig. 1.7 electrons moving from left to right to create a current of 1 mA. Determine I1 and I2. I1
I2 Figure 1.4
----------------------------------------------------------------
i
+
i
+
v
–
v
–
Passive sign convention P = +vi p = –vi absorbing power supplying power
23
24
4. Power and Energy (2)
• The law of conservation of energy
p0
• Energy is the capacity to do work, measured in joules (J). • Mathematical expression
《汽车实用英语》第一单元到第八单元课文习题答案
课程：学年第_ _学期第周月日教学内容备注Unit 1 Development of the AutomobileSection I T alking Face to FaceThe topic area of Talking Face to Face in this unit is to recommend goods or products. The focusis therefore on the patterns that are proper in making and answering inquiries, esp. those about cars orhome appliance.Explanation of difficult expressions:1.at the 4s Store: 4s店是一种以“四位一体”为核心的汽车特许经营模式，包括整车销售（sale）、零配件销售（spare parts）、售后服务（service）、信息反馈（survey）等。
2.Is it for personal or business use? 是私用还是商用？3.With pleasure. Why not go to the showroom? I’ll show you around. We have many models displayed.很乐意。
我们到展厅去好吗？我可以带你看一看，那儿陈列有我们很多车型。
Why not do …? 表示建议某人去做某事。
show sb around 带某人参观display vt. 陈列、展览4.I think there is one type that suits you. 我想总有一款适合你。
5.Sir, how about this one? This car has excellent safety features, like the dual air bags and ABS brakes.Compared to the old types, this type has got improved in exterior design and tint. It offers high levelof comfort and eye-catching styling. And some optional equipment is also offered. 先生，这辆怎么样？这辆车的安全性能是一流的，有两个安全气囊和ABS刹车。
新机电英语 Unit1课文讲解
新机电英语
课文讲解Unit 1
production processes of other industries. Some of the most important branches of mechanical engineering are machine tools ( including manufacturing systems) , printing and paper machines , power transmission engineering, equipment for air handling, refrigeration and air pollution control, vacuum and compressor technologies and food processing and packaging machines. These branches account for half of the total production value of the
课文讲解Unit 1
新机电英语
课文讲解Unit 1
Industial Process Machinery:工业制造机械 Equipment and technology (used in wide range of industries to operate and automate industrial process.) Industrial process technology工业生产技术 includes basic produces such as electric motors, 发动 机pumps, 泵valves阀 and compressors压缩机 and industrial control工业控制,as well as material handling equipment材料传送设备. Process control system 生产控制系统 are especially important to achieving the greatest productivity from industrial plant and equipment. 工厂和设备获得最高生产力
参考译文及练习答案
Unit One 机械零件Passage A机械零件无论任何简单的机床，都是由单一元件即通称为机械零件或部件组成的。
因此，如果把机床完全拆卸，就可得到像螺母、螺栓、弹簧、齿轮、凸轮和轴等简单零件——所有机器的组合元件。
因此，机械零件就是可以执行某种具体功能，而且能与其它零件配合的简单零件。
有时候某些特定的元件必须成对的工作，例如螺栓与螺母，键与轴。
在有些情况下，一组零件组成一装配件，比如：轴承、联轴器与离合器。
机械零件中最常见的是齿轮，它实际上是由轮子和杆组合并带有齿的轮子。
在轴毂或轴上旋转的齿轮驱动其他齿轮做加速或减速运动，这取决于主动齿轮的齿数。
其他基本机械零件包含轮子和杆。
轮子必须装在轴上才可以转动。
轮子用联轴器夹紧固定在轴上，轴必须安装在轴承里，由带或链条与第二根轴相连，并带动第二根轴转动。
支承结构可用螺栓、铆钉或通过焊接固定装配在一起。
这些机械零件的正确使用，取决于是否懂得作用于结构上的力和所用材料的强度等相关方面的知识。
单个机械零件的可靠性成为评估整台机器使用寿命的基本因素。
很多机械零件是完全标准化的。
普通结构和机械部件的最适合的尺寸可以借助测试或实际经验来确定。
采用标准化可以获得实际应用上的一致性和经济上的实惠。
然而，并非所有的零件都是标准的。
在自动化工业中，只有紧固件、轴承、轴套、传动链和传动带是标准元件。
曲轴及连杆并不是标准元件。
Passage B正齿轮和斜齿轮轮齿是直的并平行于其轴线的齿轮称为正齿轮。
正齿轮只能与平行轴传动联结。
然而，平行轴还可与其他类型的齿轮传动联结，一个正齿轮可与不同类型的齿轮相啮合。
为了避免因受热膨胀而引起的卡死现象，方便润滑和补偿不可避免的制造误差，所有的动力传动齿轮必须有侧隙。
也就是说在一对啮合齿轮的节圆上，小齿轮的齿槽宽必须稍大于大齿轮的齿厚，反过来也是如此。
对于仪表齿轮，侧隙可通过将一个齿轮从中间切开而获得的两个“拼合”齿轮来消除，拼合齿轮的一半与另一半是成比例的。
存货管理【外文翻译】
外文翻译1 n V ent o ry man a g em e nt"In ventory" to many $ ma I 1 bus in c s s o wne r s is oneb e wel 1 managed in order to max i mize pr 0 f il s . I n f acl» ma n y small businescan n ot absorb the t yp c s of 1 0 S S esa r i $ i ng from poor i nv e nto r y mana gUnless invenlor i c s are c o ntroll c d ,they are un r eliabl c » i n eff i cient an c r e a sing i nventor y turnover — but not s a crif i cin g the Ser vice levo I : Keepingith obsol c te i tern $。
The degree o f sue c ess i n a d dress i ng the s e cone c rns S ome tha n for o ther s , F o r e x ample, comput i ng th c in v entory t u r nove r ra t i o is a $ imple m c asure of manager i al pe r fo r m a nc c . This valu c g ive $ a rough guideli n c by which ma n a g c rs can se t g o a Is and eval u at c p c rforniance» but it m u st be realized that the tu r nover rate varies w i th the function o I in v e n to r y , t he typMa t erial Source: spr i n g link Author: F 1 0yd Hedr i cki ble and t a n g i b le aspects of doing bu $ ine $ s 。
电子课件-《汽车专业英语(第二版)》-B24-1273 Unit 1
• （3）A cargo body belongs to the body of the truck. （ ）
Connect the following words
• 发动机ຫໍສະໝຸດ chassis• 底盘
body
The chassis includes power train, suspension system, steering system and braking system.
The body has two constructions , including body/frame construction and unitized construction. The body of the truck includes a cargo body and a driver’s room.
Electrical system includes battery , starter, alternator etc..
True or false
• （1）An automobile probably has about 7,000 different parts. They all make it run.（ ）
Part 3 Practice Material B:Chassis
Transmission system——sends the drive to the wheel Suspension system——absorbs the road shocks Steering system——controls the direction of movements Braking system——slows down the automobile
汽车专业英语 Main Components of Engine
III. Exercises
3．The valve gear provides timely admission of the fresh charge into the cylinders and exhaust of spent gases from them.
配气机构机构可定时的将新鲜气体充入气缸，并 且将废气排放出去。
II. Text Explanation
Its function is to convert heat energy into mechanical energy used to drive the vehicles. Convert……into….. 转变；变换
译文：它的作用就是将热能转换成机械能用来驱 动汽车 。
crankshaft
I. Pre-questions
The engine comprises two mechanism and five systems, what are they ?
crankshaft and connecting rod mechanism, valve gear, cooling system, lubricating system, fuel system, starting system, ignition system
III. Exercises
•Translate the following expressions into Chinese. 柴油发动机 diesel engines 水泵 water pump 分电器 the ignition distributor 油底壳 oil pan 正时齿轮 timing gear crankshaft and connecting rod mechanism 曲柄连杆机构 配气机构 valve gear 燃油系统 fuel system 排气管 exhaust pipe 排气歧管 exhaust manifold
学科英语单元答案
Unit 1 预习练习参考答案Passage 11. 科学知识2. 实践知识3. 应用科学4. 科学原理5. 操作条件6. 预期功能7. 机械原理8. 民用建筑9. 技术学科10. 分支学科11. 基础设施12. 制造工程1. scientific knowledge2. practical knowledge3. applied science4. scientific principle5. operating condition6. intended function7. mechanical principle8. civilian structure9. technical discipline10. sub-discipline11. infrastructure12. manufacturing engineeringTask 11. Tissue engineering has been a newly developed _________ which represents the new direction of biological medicine engineering.disciplinea branch of knowledge组织工程学是一门新兴的学科;它代表了生物医学工程领域发展的新方向..2. What sort of preferential policies can foreign investors in software and integrated _________ industry enjoy circuitan electrical device that provides a path for electrical current to flow外商投资软件产业和集成电路产业能享受何种优惠政策3. NC machine tools are difficult to _________ and often result in heavy economic losses when they go wrong due to the high prices.maintainkeep in a certain state数控机床由于价格昂贵;一旦出现故障;维修困难;常带来较大的经济损失..4. The mechanical energy can be changed back into electrical energy by means of a _________.generatorengine that converts mechanical energy into electrical energy by electromagnetic induction利用发电机可以把机械能转变成电能..5. Research has thrown doubt on the view that _________ intelligence can ever be measured.innatenot established by conditioning or learning科学研究对内在智力可以衡量这一观点表示怀疑..6. How much _________ exists between the content of this magazine and its associated websiteoverlapa representation of common ground between theories or phenomena该杂志和它的相关网页存在多少重叠的部分7. The Earth crust is made up of a dozen or so hard plates that drift on _________ hot; soft rock like floating islands on a sea.extremelyto a high degree or extent地壳由大约12个板块构成..就像在海上漂流的岛屿一样;这些板块在极端高温的岩浆上漂移..8. The speed limiter is an indispensable auxiliary _________ in the internal combustion engine used in forklift 叉车.apparatusequipment designed to serve a specific function限速器是叉车用内燃式发动机中不可或缺的辅助装置..9. It is proved through the experiment that this method can effectively prevent this kind of _________ reaction from occurring.permutationan event in which one thing is substituted for another通过实验证明;本方法能有效地防止这种置换反应的发生..10. _________ is traditionally used for the study of the origins and history of the form and meaning of words. Etymologya history of a word词源学研究词的形式和意义的起源及其历史变化..Task 21. be consistent with他说;未来的改革必须符合自由贸易和开放投资的原则..2. specialize in启动成本较低;因为每个企业都可以只专门从事一个很窄的领域..3. derive from以上这些能力都源自一种叫机器学习的东西;它在许多现代人工智能应用中都处于核心地位..4. A range of创业公司和成熟品牌推出的一系列穿戴式产品让人们欢欣鼓舞;跃跃欲试..5. date back to置身硅谷的我们时常淹没在各种“新新”方式之中;我们常常忘记了;我们只是在重新发现一些可追溯至涉及商业根本的朴素教训..Task 3TFFTFTask 51. 工程师对于自己的职业行为最常见的观点是：他们是通过应用科学结论来计划、开发、设计和推出技术产品的..2. 技术是应用科学;即它是定律中因果关系向终端意图关系的转化..3. 抛开向顾客提供渴求产品的这些善举不说;工程师的其他所有行为不管是从道德上来看还是从价值上判断都是处于中立的;因为找到适当的方式只是应用科学结论的一个任务而已..4. 这些结论可以有对错之分;但谈不上好坏之别..应用科学被认为是一种自动或决定的过程;其只受自然法则的约束;比如物理定律而不是道德条例..5. 工程师的观点—就工程师是做什么的这一问题在这部分中进行了简要的描述—是纯粹出于技术角度而言;同时也有些理想主义..Unit 2 预习练习参考答案Passage 11. 拐点2. 范式转变3. 提高生产率4. 自动化生产线5. 提高效率6. 降低成本7. 大规模生产8. 工厂车间9. 制造功能10. 电子产品11. 智能产品12. 模块化系统13. 嵌入式装置14. 控制系统15. 机器对机器通信16. 虚拟图像/表达17. 制造过程18. 战略建议19. 官方高科技战略20. 行业伙伴21. 深远影响22. 原始数据23. 反馈;回馈24. 精细过程控制25. 资产跟踪26. 记忆芯片27. 次位供应商28. 低成本产品29. 净效益1. inflection point2. paradigm shift3. increase productivity4. automated assembly line5. increase efficiency6. cut costs7. mass production8. factory floor9. manufacturing function10. electronics products11. smart products12. modular system13. embedded device14. control system15. machine-to-machine M2M communication16. virtual representation17. manufacturing process18. strategic recommendation19. official High-Tech Strategy20. sector partner21. far reaching consequences22. raw data23. feedback24. fine-grained process control25. asset tracking26. memory chips27. second-source supplier28. low cost products29. net benefitTask 11. The wireless application server must be an open; _________ architecture; to provide the user with the maximum flexibility and extensibility to ease development and deployment.modulara self-contained unit or item无线应用程序服务器必须是开放的、模块化的体系结构;为用户提供最大的灵活性和可扩充性;以方便开发和部署..2. The 1935 Ford is mechanically much like its _________ in the Model 40 series.predecessoran ancestor; forefather1935年型的福特车在机械方面与它40型系列的前身非常相像..3. Continuous _________ and improvement: At the end of an iteration of work; we always look back at how we did and figure out what we can do differently next time to improve.feedback反馈;回馈不断的反馈和改善：在每一次迭代的末尾;我们总是回顾我们以前是怎么做的;并且思考我们下次可以做哪些不同的事来改善流程..4. New boosters can increase the payload by almost one order of _________.magnitudegreatness of size or amount新型助推器能使有效负载几乎增加一个数量级..5. Taking a physical _________ means making a systematic count of all merchandise on hand.inventory存货存货的盘点是指对所有库存商品进行系统的盘点..6. This ability to _________ solar energy is something that fossil fuel burning cannot match.decentralize分散这个分散太阳能的能力是传统的燃料燃烧所比不上的..7. The government plans to _________ a competition law.draftto draw the outlines or plan of政府计划起草一部竞争法..8. The inside of a smart card usually contains an _________ microprocessor.embeddedfixed or incorporated; as into a surrounding mass智能卡的内部通常会嵌入一个微处理器..9. Offices are fitted with alarm devices to _________ the manager in an emergency.alertto advise or warn; cause to be on guard办公室里装有警报装置;遇到紧急情况时可向经理报警..10. The monument consists of two vertical pillars supporting a horizontal _________.slaba broad; flat; somewhat thick piece of stone; wood; or other solid material这座纪念碑由两根垂直的柱体构成;它们共同支撑着一块平板..Task 21. give rise to经济全球化、信息技术和电子商务的发展对物流产生了深刻的影响;并产生了新的物流特征..2. kick start当这一过程成功时;初创企业就将建立起自身的竞争优势..通过进一步的学习、改进、进而创新提高行业竞争力;使其在技术领域有能力与龙头企业抗衡..3. all the rage时下另一种同样流行的事物是开放式应用程序接口..4. in conjunction with必须将机械测试结果与催化剂活性、选择性和稳定性数据联系起来进行综合评价..5. give way to如果这类服务确受欢迎的话;那么利用专用语音导览装置的方法有可能被另一种不同的方法所取代..Task 3FFTTTTask 51. 已有很多文章指出;摩尔定律;即集成电路芯片上晶体管密度呈指数级增长的定律;行将失效..2. 显然格罗夫是个令人敬畏的技术天才;但他在管理方法上更为知名..他在1996年出版的一本名为只有偏执狂才能生存的书中描述了他自己的管理方法..3. 1994年引入了一款新型奔腾微处理器;有些用户注意到它有一个处理上的缺陷;而格罗夫觉得无足轻重;除了最资深用户外;低端用户不受影响;可以不予理睬..4. 不论以何种方式来衡量;这些具有高密集度且功能强大的集成电路都在创造这个科技时代中占有主导地位;如今我们往往也认为如此..5. 对于他们来说;巨大的风险来自其长期安享现状..当他们从投资数十亿美元的集成电路生产线榨取最后一点利润的时候;别人则成功地着手应用全新的计算技术和业务模式;从而淘汰这样的集成电路生产线;就像当初晶体管和集成电路淘汰真空管一样..Unit 3 预习练习参考答案Passage 11. 笼统的术语2. 输入数据3. 社交网络4. 服务器日志5. 卫星图像6. 音频流7. 金融市场8. 软件平台9. 大数据分析10. 可扩展存储11. 存档数据12. 关系数据库13. 处理选项14. 数据仓库15. 预定架构16. 增长率17. 互联网和移动时代18. 数据流19. 竞争优势20. 流动源21. 大容量存储器22. 批处理23. 反馈环路24. 分布式计算工作25. 数据流26. 产品分类27. 流处理28. 专利产品29. 开放源代码框架30. 键值存储31. 柱状数据库32. 关系结构33. 实体解析34. 源数据35. 应用数据36. 数据类型不匹配1. a catch-all term2. input data3. social networks4. server logs5. satellite imagery6. audio streams7. financial market8. software platform9. big data analytics10. scalable storage11. archived data12. relational database13. processing options14. data warehousing15. predetermined schema16. increasing rate17. the Internet and mobile era18. data flow19. competitive advantage20. a streaming source21. bulk storage22. batch processing23. feedback loop24. a Hadoop job25. streaming data26. product categories27. streaming processing28. proprietary products29. open source frameworks30. key-value stores31. columnar databases32. relational structure 33. entity resolution34. source data35. application data36. data type mismatchTask 11. Power and performance also depend on the weight and shape of the bullet and its _________.velocityrapidity of motion or operation; swiftness; speed枪的威力和性能同样要依靠弹头的重量和形状以及它的速率..2. The number of e-mails you receive grows if you do not set the system to _________ them or store them at specific times.discardto cast aside or dispose of; get rid of如果不进行系统设置来丢弃邮件或在特定时间存储邮件;您收到的电子邮件数量将会不断增加..3. The _________ concept of component has a formal; well-defined meaning in the context of this system. nebuloushazy; vague; indistinct; or confused组件这一模糊的概念在此系统环境中具有了正式的、明确界定的含义..4. This remote video terminal features a modular; open and _________ design; and can operate at different frequencies and with different waveforms.scalablecapable of being scaled该视频终端采用模块化、开放式、可扩展设计;可以工作于不同的频率和波形..5. "Cloud computing" is a _________ term and covers many industries and many different segments.catch-allSomething designed to cover a variety of situations or possibilities associated with the product“云计算”是一个涵盖范围很广的术语;涉及许多行业与不同部门..6. Web Accelerator will _________ the system settings of your present Internet connection and raise your web surfing speed by up to 300%.optimizeto write or rewrite the instructions in a program so as to maximize efficiency and speed in retrieval; storage; or execution网络加速器将优化您当前互联网连接的系统设置;并将您的网上冲浪速度提高达300%..7. This framework structure is _________; flexible for modular design; and can be used in real-time data acquisition and processing.versatilehaving or capable of many uses这种架构结构灵活;通用性强;适合模块化设计;可以用于实时数据采集和处理..8. Many of these capabilities can be implemented either using _________ technologies; or through the use of open standards.proprietarymanufactured and sold only by the owner of the patent; formula; brand name; or trademark许多这些功能既可以使用专有技术实现;也可以通过利用开放标准实现..9. To summarize; next generation batch processing systems must be _________ enough to meet requirementsfrom customers of all shapes and sizes.agileable to think quickly; solve problems; and have new ideas总而言之;下一代批处理系统必须足够地灵活快捷;以满足各种规模客户的需求..10. One of the most common tasks for Android applications is to _________ or send data over the network to a remote server.retrieveto recover or regainAndroid应用程序一个最常见的任务就是检索数据或通过网络将数据发送到远程服务器..Task 21. come into play当你遭遇车祸时;这些通信系统也会起作用;自动地呼叫帮助..2. make the point that我们无意抹煞斯坦福·莱佛士和英国人对这个岛屿新加坡的发展所做的贡献;但我们要说;那并非我们历史的全部..3. beat out印第安纳波利斯从近百座城市中胜出;成为美国联合航空公司大型维修中心的所在地..4. to his advantage和视觉界面设计一样;视觉信息设计也有很多未来的设计者可以充分利用的原则..5. break down有些洗衣粉能通过化学作用分解蛋白质..Task 3FTFTTTask 51. 但是理解所有的数据需要帮助;这种帮助正以机器学习的方式呈现..2. 计算的发展历史一直以来都像是钟摆一样;在集中式和分散式之间来回摆动..3. 人们对于在边缘网络进行计算的兴趣重燃;--- 思科公司称之为“雾计算”：也就是将微型传感器与更强大的本地计算结合在一起的小型的局部云--- 而这可能会使许多工作再次转移到设备或本地网络上完成..4. 是将所有数据集中式计算;还是更加侧重边缘计算系统架构师深谙这两者之间的矛盾..5. 我们正密切关注其他一些领域;在这些领域该项技术正在众多不同的传统企业机构生根发芽..Unit 6 预习练习参考答案Passage 11. 3D打印2. 人机交互3. 生产流程4. 劳动分工5. 热动力学6. 技术革命7. 水力;水能8. 电动机9. 内燃机10. 原材料11. 能工巧匠12. 人均收入13. 农业劳动14. 登机牌1. 3D printing2. human-robot interactions3. production process4. division of labor5. thermodynamics6. technological revolution7. waterpower8. electric motor9. internal combustion engine10. raw materials11. skilled craftsmen12. income per capita 13. agricultural work14. boarding passTask 11. The second method available is to _________ the content within the application itself.encodeto convert a message; information; etc. into code可用的第二种方法是在应用程序自身中对内容进行编码..2. The Yangtze has developed into a particularly strong _________ platform for the transport of bulk commodities.logisticsthe branch of science and operations dealing with the procurement; supply; and maintenance of equipment在大宗商品运输方面;长江已经发展成为一个非常强大的物流平台..3. If experiences of major booms and busts _________ the way we behave; it's something that macro economists may need to take into account.shapeto give definite form; shape; organization; or character to; fashion or form如果说大繁荣和大萧条时期的经历塑造了人们的行为方式;那么宏观经济学家或许需要考虑到这一点..4. You can _________ the user interface to present information to the user or to gather information from the user.customizeto make or change something according to the buyer's or user's needs你可以自定义用户界面;以便将信息显示给用户或从用户那里收集信息..5. Incandescent bulbs may be a bit safer than _________ bulbs; which do emit very small amounts of ultraviolet light.fluorescentstrikingly bright; vivid; or glowing白炽灯泡可能比荧光灯泡安全些;因为后者会发出少量的紫外线..6. The study of Chinese _________ has a long history in China; as one of the most important parts of Chinese linguistics.etymologya chronological account of the birth and development of a particular word or element of a word汉语词源研究作为中国语言研究的重要组成部分;在中国已有悠久的历史..7. In future; close cooperation and an intensive exchange of _________ will be established between the two businesses.knowhowknowledge of how to do something; faculty or skill for a particular activity; expertise今后;两家企业之间将建立密切的合作和专有技术的深度交流..8. The ability to acquire; _________ and master technologies as well as innovate can be achieved in many ways. diffuseto spread or scatter widely or thinly; disseminate获取、推广和掌握技术以及革新的能力可通过许多途径实现..9. Toshiba said in December that it would _________ production of some logic chips.outsourceof a company or organization to purchase goods or subcontract services from an outside supplier or source东芝公司12月表示;它将外包一些逻辑芯片的生产业务..10. He remained in the _________ for many months; the company paying all his expenses.sanatoriuma hospital for the treatment of chronic diseases; as tuberculosis or various nervous or mental disorders他在疗养院住了好几个月;所有费用都由公司出..Task 21. rather than这个报告关注的是技术如何影响人类生活;而非商业活动..2. on average如果操作系统在平均情况下能支持任务的执行期限;则称它为软实时系统..3. is supposed to在我看来;这次表现是不可宽恕的;和奥运精神相悖..4. account for计算机占据了该国商业用电的5%..5. open up这两家公司决定合作开拓新市场..Task 3FTTFFTask 51. 增材制造这一名称恰如其分;它用来描述通过增加多层材料来制造3D物体的技术..这些材料可以是塑料、金属、混凝土;或者有一天甚至是人体组织..2. 零部件信息可通过数字形式发送;在家中或邻近消费者的地方打印;减少对运输的需求和依赖..3. 尽管各媒体常用“3D打印”指代所有增材制造的工序;实际上两者之间很多工序不尽相同;且分层制造方法也各不相同..4. 转换成STL文件会对各种形状进行细化;其所需时间取决于个人电脑的性能和模型的复杂性..5. 超声波增材制造工艺使用金属板或金属带;并利用超声波焊接而成..Unit 10 预习练习参考答案Passage 11. 数字技术2. 大都市生活3. 城市生活4. 乡村生活5. 数据生态系统6. 城市规划7. 智能建筑8. 关键因素9. 自动化可视系统10. 交通流量11. 能源管理12. 给水;配水13. 水处理14. 神经元网络15. 城市基础设施16. 供给与需求17. 储能系统18. 工作模式19. 太阳能电池板20. 风力发电机21. 农产品22. 全息摄影工作室23. 虚拟空间24. 冷藏库;冷藏室25. 后勤经理；厂务经理1. digital technology2. metropolitan life3. urban life4. rural life5. data ecosystem6. city planning7. smart buildings8. crucial factor9. automation and visualization system10. traffic flows11. energy management12. water distribution13. water disposal14. neuronal networks15. urban infrastructures16. supply and demand 17. energy storage system18. working patterns19. solar panels20. wind generator21. agricultural products22. holographic studio23. virtual space24. cold store25. facility managerTask 11. The ability to ________; analyze; and reflect upon large amounts of data is crucial in today's information age. siftto separate and retain the coarse parts of flour; ashes; etc. with a sieve当今信息时代里;拥有筛选、分析和反思大容量数据的能力是至关重要的..2. The only ________ to this pint-sized vehicle is it's inability to withstand a collision with a full-sized vehicle. downsidea discouraging or negative aspect这种小型车的唯一缺点便是其不能抵挡住大型车辆的撞击..3. This has led some economists to predict a risk for a hard landing ________ and financial crises in Latvia and Estonia.scenarioan outline of the plot of a dramatic work这使得一些经济学家预测出现硬着陆的情况;以及在拉脱维亚和爱沙尼亚有金融危机的风险..4. Any attempt to regulate the Internet in China to prevent further privacy violations is likely to prompt ________ debate.raucousharsh; strident; grating任何试图规范中国互联网;避免更多侵犯隐私事件的行为;都会引发嘈杂的争论..5. Though the design of ________ roads varies from country to country; city to city; and even within cities; they share a number of common design characteristics.arterialbeing or constituting a main route; channel; or other course of flow or access; often with many branches各个国家、各个城市;甚至在城市内部;主干道的设计都不尽相同;但是他们都有许多共同的设计特点..6. ________; as one of the most attractive business modes of this century; has risks while propelling the rapid developments of the economy.franchisea store; restaurant; or other business operating under such a license特许经营作为本世纪最有魅力的经营模式之一;在推动经济迅速发展的同时;也存在着相当的风险..7. Although this so-called continuous speech-recognition approach has indeed improved accuracy; it is by no means ________.infallibleabsolutely trustworthy or sure虽然这种被称作连续性语言识别方法确实提高了精度;但毫无疑问它也会犯错误..8. This new ________ component requires a few extra steps during the assemble phase.facadethe front of a building; especially an imposing or decorative one这个新的外观组件在组装阶段需要执行额外的步骤..9. Technological advances will liberate even the working classes; granting them lives of aesthetic _______. reveriea state of dreamy meditation or fanciful musing技术的进步甚至可以使劳动阶层获得自由;赋予其生活的审美遐想..10. Huawei is one of many Chinese companies that are pushing into more sophisticated and ________ businesses. lucrativeprofitable; money-making; remunerative华为是中国众多想要投身于更尖端更盈利的领域的公司中的一家..Task 21. in tandem with但创新设计总是伴随着技术革新向前发展;并且永远不会终结..2. in advance of阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦的思想远远超越了他所生活的时代..3. on record有关中国最古老的刺绣产品的记录可追溯至商代..4. sneak up on你是否曾尝试悄悄地走近镜子;希望或许能发现自己的镜像正在打盹儿5. toyed with有段时间;他动过从医的念头;但没当真..Task 3TFFTTTask 51. 机器人不仅仅是进入了工作场所;他们正在扩展技能;在公司里担任更高的职位;显示了出色的生产率和保留率;并且越来越多地挤走他们的人类对手..2. 牛津大学的研究人员估计; 在未来的二十年里; 美国47% 的工作岗位将会实现自动化..即使实现自动化的比例可能只有这个比例的一半;工人们也免不了要猛然醒悟..3. 我看到了技术的进步;而且日益明显的是计算机、机器、机器人和算法将能够完成大多数常规的重复性工作..4. 相对于收入而言;与过去相比;食物现在真的很便宜;因此人们可以将钱花在其他事情上;而且他们也已经转而从事其他领域的工作..5. 如果人们有最低收入;如果鼓励人们除此之外还可以做其他的事情; 并可以保留那些额外的收入; 而不是全部用于纳税; 那么我认为很多人会追求这些机会..。
专业英语A222
Unit 21. What is numerical control? 什么是数控？2. The basic components of NC. 网络电脑的基本组成3. What is the program of instruction? How it works? 什么是程序的指令？它的工作原理是什么4. The function of the MCU.微程序控制器的功能5. How the point-to point control system works? Which operation they are used in?点对点的控制系统的工作原理是什么？他们用于哪种运算6. How the contouring control system works? Which operation they are used in?轮廓描绘控制系统的工作原理是什么？他们用于哪种运算7. The usual interpolation to deal with the various problems that are encountered in generating a smooth continuous path with a contouring-type NC system.8. Is it appropriate for the linear interpolation used for creating a circular? Why?线性插值适合用于创造线性圈吗？9. How the circular interpolation works? What is the limitation of it?环形内插法的工作原理是什么？它的极限是什么？10. What is the application of the parabolic and cubic interpolation?抛物线和三次插值的应用是什么11. The machining process and metalworking process that numerical control machine could do.12. The influence of the numerical control on the design and operation of machine tools.数空在机床设计和操作上的影响13. What is the machining center? What are the features of it？多工序自动数控机床是什么？它的特点是什么？14. The classification of the machining center and the use of them.多工序自动数控机床的分类和他们的使用15. The enhancements and extensions of NC technology, and the definition of them.网络电脑技术的增强功能和扩张和他们的定义16. The characteristic of Direct Numerical Control.直接数控的特点17. The configuration of Direct Numerical Control.直接数控的配置18. Why each machine’s requests for instructions must be satisfied instantaneous?为什么美国机器的说明指令必须19. The function and work process of satellite computer in DNC.在直接数值控制中，卫星计算机的功能和工作过程20. The difference of CNC and DNC.电脑数值控制和直接数值控制的差异21. The configuration of Computer Numerical Control.计算机数控的配置结构22. The difference between conventional NC and CNC.网络电脑和电脑数值控制的差异23. The additional features of CNC.电脑数值控制的附加特征24. Which interpolation could be executed on CNC system?哪种插入可以在电脑数值控制中使用生效25. How to ensure accurate tool path definition in newer CNC controls?怎样确保在更新的电脑数值控制装置中的精确的刀位轨迹定义26. The use of the diagnostic in CNC system.在电脑数值控制系统中诊断法的使用Unit 31. The components of a program. What are they pertained to?程序的组件。
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cooling system
lubrication system starting system
chassis（底盘）
Suspension system 悬挂系统 Steering system 转向系统
Transmission system 传动系
Braking system 制动系统
Engine
涡喷气发动机工作 原理_标清.avi
喷气发动机工作原 理动画演示_标清.mp4
Engine
How to say in English?
crank-connecting rod mechanism valve timing mechanism
Engine
fuel supply system
Part five:Homework
1. What're the four basic components automobile? of an
2. What're the components of an engine and a chassis?
Question：What're the four basic components automobile?
of
an
Answer:They're engine( 发动机） , chassis （底盘） , body（车身） and electrical system（电气系统）.
（transmission system)
Part two:the basic components of an automobile After introduce yourself,next let's learn some basic components of an automobile.
汽车的四大组成部分
车身
发动机
电器系统
底盘
英语怎么表示？
engine body
electrical system
图示：The basic components of an automobile
chassis
句子：
There are four basic components of the automobile : engine , chassis , body and electrical system . 词组：basic component --- 基本组成 翻译：汽车有四个基本组成部分：发动机、底盘、车身和 电气系统。
Unit 1 The Basic Components of an Automobile
汽车基本构造
Part one:Hello,everyone!
Suppose you're a new clerk in a 4S shop,how to introduce yourself in English?
It includes:battery,starter,alternator etc..
Part three:difficulties
图解曲柄连杆机构（crank-connecting rod mechanism）
Part three:difficulties
Part three:difficulties
图解配气机构（valve timing mechanism）
Part four：knowledge expeபைடு நூலகம்ding
Let's learn more about the main structure of a automobile.
Main Structure of a Automobile