新概念第二册57课知识点

Lesson 57 Can I help you, madam?

单词讲解

Madam /'mædəm / n. (对妇女的尊称) 太太，夫人

信的称呼Dear madam

1. 关于女性的称呼

Miss Mrs.

1) 对未婚女子姓名的称谓Miss Hill 夫人（已婚女子姓或姓名前）Mrs. Brown

2) 小学生对女教师的尊称Miss Yu Ms.

Madam(对妇女的尊称) 太太，夫人女士（已婚或未婚女子姓或姓名前）Ms. Mary 2. 关于男性的称呼

Mr. Sir

先生（男子姓或姓名前，职务前）对男子的礼貌称呼Yes, sir

Mr. White 怀特先生中小学生对男老师的称呼

Mr. President 总统先生信的称呼Dear Sir

jeans /dʒi:nz / n. 牛仔裤

世界第一条牛仔裤的发明人Levi Strauss（利瓦伊．史特劳斯）

clothes

shirt 衬衫coat 大衣sweater 毛衣T-shirt T恤衫

dress 连衣裙skirt 短裙pants 裤子jacket 夹克衫vest 背心shoes

boots 靴子sandals 凉鞋sneakers 旅游鞋

hesitate /'heziteit / v. 犹豫，迟疑

1) hesitate at/over/about sth

He hesitates at nothing. 他从不优柔寡断。

2) hesitate to do sth

Don’t hesitate to say no.

3) hesitate in doing sth

I hesitated in telling the truth.

hesitation n. without hesitation 毫不犹豫

serve /sə:v /

1) v. 服务，为..效力，接待（顾客）

serve as…担任serve a sentence 服刑

He served two terms as President.

2) (食物)足够….人的份额

The cake can serve ten people.

service n. 服务

at one’s service 为某人效劳service station 加油站service industry 服务业

scornfully /'skɔ:nfəli / adv. 轻蔑地

Glancing at her scornfully, he told her that the dress was sold.

1. scorn v. 鄙视

1)n. 鄙视，轻蔑

pour scorn on sb/sth 以鄙夷的口气说到某人某事

2) v. 鄙视，傲慢的拒绝

scorn sb.’s invitation 傲慢的拒绝某人的邀请

scorn sb.’s advice 鄙视某人的建议

scorn sb.’s offer 拒绝某人的帮助

2. scornful adj. 鄙视的，轻蔑的

A scornful smile 鄙视的笑容 A scornful look 鄙视的表情

punish /'pʌniʃ/ v. 惩罚

1. punish sb. for sth

The teacher punished him for cheating on the exam.

give a lesson to sb. 教训某人一顿teach sb. a lesson 教训某人一顿

punishment n. 惩罚

capital punishment 死刑

fur /fə:/ n. 裘皮，皮毛

A coat of fur = a fur coat

Make the fur fly 引起争吵，打倒

eager /'i:ɡə / adj. 热切的，渴望的

1) be eager for sth

We are eager for success.

2) be eager to do sth

The assistant was eager to serve her this time.

课文知识点

A woman in jeans stood at the window of an expensive shop.

1. dress, wear, put on, in, with的用法小结

in是介词，后接表示衣服或颜色的词，着重于服装的款式或颜色。它所构成的短语只能作表语或定语。Can you see that woman in the blue coat? 你能看见那个穿啦外套的女士吗？

He is in a black nylon jacket today. 今天他穿着黑色尼龙夹克。

put on “穿上、戴上”，强调“穿”“戴”的动作，后接衣服、鞋帽等。

I want you to put on this coat and this hat. 我要你穿这件外套，戴这顶帽子。

Put on your heavy winter coat if you are going out. 如果你要出去，穿上你的厚冬衣。

wear “穿着；戴着”，表示状态，宾语可以是衣帽，也可以是饰物、奖章等。例如：

You’d better wear blue or black pants with blown shoes. 穿棕色鞋子的时候, 最好要穿蓝色或黑色裤子。Why does he often wear dark sunglasses? 他为什么经常戴着深色的太阳镜？

dress的宾语通常是人，意思是“给……穿衣服”

1）dress oneself 或get dressed表示给自己穿衣服。

My son is now able to dress himself. 我儿子现在自己会穿衣服了。

It’s time to wake up and get dressed! 该起床穿衣服了。

2）be dressed in 的意思是“穿着”，表示状态。

She is dressed in a fur coat. 她穿着毛皮大衣。

3）dress up的意思是“盛装打扮、乔装打扮”。