汽车专业英语试卷(试题)

一、1.Power Train: 动力传动系, 动力传动机构

2.Suspension:悬挂

3.Cylinder: 气缸

4.Transmission: 变速器

5.Gasoline: 汽油

6.Final Drive: 主减速器

7.Leaf Spring: 钢板弹簧

8.Piston: 活塞

9.TDC: 上死点（Top Dead Center）；

10.Lubrication: 润滑

11.Muffler: 消音器

12.Planetary Gear: 行星齿轮

13.Disc Brake: 盘式制动器

14.V enting System: 透气系统

15.Hybrid: 混合(动力)

二、1.Today’s average car contains more than 15000 separate, individual parts that must work together. These parts can be grouped into four major categories: body,engine,chassis and electrical system.

今天的普通汽车由超过15000个独立的、单个的的零部件组成,这些零部件必须一起工作。这些部件可以分为四大类:身体、发动机、底盘和电气系统。

2. Gasoline and Diesel are called heat engines, the burning fuel generates heat which causes the gas inside the cylinder to incr ease its pressure and supply power to rotate a shaft connected to the power train.汽油和柴油叫做热力发动机,燃烧燃料产生热使得缸内压力增加并且提供动力驱动动力系统传动轴.

3. An automatic transmission performs similar functions to a manual transmission except that gear selection is controlled either htdraulically or electronically. 自动变速执行的功能和手动变速器相似，只是选档选择由液压或者电气控制。

4. The purpose of the complete suspension system is to isolate the vehicle body from road shocks and vibrations, which will otherwise be transferred to the passengers and load.（完整的）悬挂系统的用途是隔离路面对车身的路冲击和振动，否则路冲击和振动将传递给乘员和载荷。

5. All vehicles must fitted with at least 2 independent brake systems. They were once called the service brake and the emergency brake.所有的车辆必须配备至少2个独立的制动系统。它们被称为行车制动器和停车制动器（紧急制动器）。

6. The pressure developed within the combustion chamber is applied to the head of a piston to produce a usable mechanical force.燃烧室的压力推动活塞头部产生可用的机械力。

7. The valve system is made up of those parts needed to open and close the valves at just the right time.气门系统由一些可以控制气门在正确的时间气门打开和关闭的零部件组成。

8. The burned gases removed from the combustion chamber contain such harmful emissions as hydrocarbons,carbon monoxide and nitrous oxides.燃烧室已燃烧的气体包含有害的排放物如碳氢化合物，一氧化碳和氮氧化物。

9. The location of the driving axle determines whether the vehicle is classified as rear-wheel drive,front-wheel drive,four-wheel drive or all-wheel drive.传动轴的位置决定车辆的分类是后轮驱动，前轮驱动，四轮驱动或者全轮驱动。

10、In commercial vehicles, the necessary final-drive ration can only rarely be accommodated in one stage. For this reason, use is usually made of more elaborate final-drive systems.在商用车，主减速器只能极少被装配在一个阶段。出于这个原因,通常是使用更复杂的主减速器。

11. There are two main ways of building automobiles. They are built using body/frame construction and unitized body construction.有两种主要的方式构建汽车。它们建立使用身体/框架结构（非承载式车身）和整体车身结构（承载式车身结构）。

三、1.A chassis which is considered as a support frame for an auto body is used to

assemble all auto spare on it. In fact, when power from engine continues to be transmitted to chassis, it begins with power t rain, goes on to steering, wheel suspension, brakes and tires. These individual components interact with each other closely. Therefore, a chassis itself can be divided into the following systems.

汽车底盘也被视为一个支架（机架），将所有的汽车零部件在其上组装。事实上,当动力从发动机继续传送到底盘,它开始于传动系,接着是转向系统,轮悬挂、刹车和轮胎。这些单独的组件相互密切作用。因此,底盘本身可以分为以下系统。

2.The engine block serves as a rigid metal foundation for all parts of an engine. It contains the cylinders and supports the crankshaft and camshaft. In older engines, the valve seats, ports, and guides are built into the block. Accessory units and the clutch housing are bolted to it. Blocks are made of either cast iron or aluminum. The lighter the block (providing it has sufficient strength), the better.

发动机缸体是汽车发动机所有部件的一个钢性金属基础。它包含气缸并且支持曲轴和凸轮轴。在老式发动机，气门座，汽门,气门导管都在发动机缸体内.附件单元和离合器壳也用螺栓固定在发动机缸体上.发动机缸体是铸铁或者铝.发动机缸体重量(有足够的强度)越轻越好.

3.现代离合器是单盘式、干式盘（或叫干式离合器）。它包括五个主要部分:

飞轮、离合器盘、压盘总成,离合器分离轴承,离合器分离机构。其他组成离合器总成的其他部件是传动输入轴和离合器壳。

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