《新概念英语》第二册第8课

Lesson 8

1:Joe Sanders has the most beautiful garden in our town. Nearly everybody enters for 'The Nicest Garden Competition' each year, but Joe wins every time.

1)形容词和副词的比较等级

1>. 原级，也就是原形；2>. 比较级，表示“较……”或“更……”的意思（用于两者之间比较）；3>. 最高级，表示“最……”的意思（用于三者或三者以上的比较）。

形容词、副词的比较级和最高级是如何构成的？

1>. 单音节词和少数以-er，-ow结尾的双音节单词，比较级在后面加-er，最高级在后面加-est。

①单音节单词

small→smaller→smallest short→shorter→shortest

tall→taller→tallest great→greater→greatest

②少数以-er，-ow结尾的双音节单词

clever→cleverer→cleverest narrow→narrower→narrowest

2>. 以不发音e结尾的单音节单词，比较级在原形后加-r，最高级在原级后加-st。

large→larger→largest nice→nicer→nicest able→abler→ablest

3>. 以一个辅音字母结尾的闭音节（即：辅音＋元音＋辅音）单词中，先双写末尾的辅音字母，比较级加-er，最高级加-est。

big→bigger→biggest

hot→hotter→hottest

fat→fatter→fattest

4>. 以“辅音字母＋y”结尾的双音节词，把y改为i，比较级加-er，最高级加-est。

easy→easier→easiest

heavy→heavier→heaviest

busy→busier→busiest

happy→happier→happiest

5>. 其他双音节词和多音节词，比较级在前面加more，最高级在前面加most。

beautiful→more beautiful→most beautiful

different→more different→most different

easily→more easily→most easily

6>. 有少数形容词、副词的比较级和最高级是不规则的，必须熟记。

good→better→best

well→better→best bad→worse→worst ill→worse→worst old→older/elder→oldest/eldest

many/much→more→most little→less→least

far →further/farther→furthest/farthest

形容词和副词原级的用法

1>. 在“as…as”或“not as/so…as”结构中，形容词或副词要用原级（即原形）。

This ruler is as long as that one.

Jim is not as/so tall as Tom.

2>. 在程度副词very, so, quite, too等后面的形容词或副词要用原级（即原形）。

This box is too heavy.

She speaks English very well.

形容词和副词比较级的用法

1>. 比较级句型结构

①“甲+be+(倍数)+形容词比较级+than+乙”表示“甲比乙…”或“甲比乙…几倍”。

Tom is taller than Kate.

This room is three times bigger than that one.

②“甲+实义动词+(倍数)+副词比较级+than+乙”表示“甲比乙…”或“甲比乙…几倍”。

I got up earlier than my mother this morning.

He runs three times faster than his brother.他跑的速度比他弟弟快三倍。

③“甲+be+形容词比较级+than+any other+单数名词+介词短语（表范围）”表示“甲比同一范围的任何一个人/物都……”，即“甲最……”。

The Yangtze River is longer than any other river in China.

=The Yangtze River is longer than any of the other rivers in China.长江比中国的任何一条其他的河都长。

=The Yangtze River is longer than the other rivers in China.长江比中国的其他所有的河都长。=The Yangtze River is the longest river in China.

④“甲+实义动词+副词比较级+than+any other+单数名词+介词短语”表示“甲比同一范围的任何一个人/物都……”，即“甲最……”。

Mike gets to school earlier than any other student in his class.

= Mike gets to school earlier than any of the other students in his class.迈克比他们班上任何一个其他的同学到校都早。

= Mike gets to school earlier than the other students in his class.迈克比他们班上其他的同学到校都早。

= Mike gets to school earliest in his class.迈克在他们班到校最早。

⑤“甲+be+the+形容词比较级+of the two+……”表示“甲是两者中较……的”。

Look at the two boys. My brother is the taller of the two.

看那两个男孩，我弟弟是两个当中较高的那个。

⑥“比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越……”。

He is getting taller and taller.他变得越来越高了。

The flowers are more and more beautiful.花儿越来越漂亮。

He does his homework more and more carefully.他做作业越来越认真了。

⑦“the+比较级，the+比较级”表示“越……，越……”。

The more careful you are，the fewer mistakes you’ll make.你越认真，犯的错误越少。

⑧“特殊疑问词+be+形容词比较级，甲or乙？”

Which is bigger，the earth or the moon？哪一个大，地球还是月球？

⑨“特殊疑问词+实义动词+副词比较级，甲or乙？”

Who draws better，Jenny or Danny？谁画得比较好，詹妮还是丹尼？

2. 修饰比较级的常用单词

much，a lot，far，a little，a bit，,even，still，any

Lesson One is far easier than Lesson Two.第一课远比第二课容易。

Tom looks even younger than before.汤姆看上去比以前更年轻了。

He studies even harder.他学习更努力了。

This train runs much faster than that one.这辆火车比那辆跑的快。

She drives still more carefully than her husband.她开车比她丈夫更认真。

You must come a little earlier tomorrow.你明天必须早点来。

This story is much more interesting than that one.这个故事比那个有趣的多。