英语四级考试阅读理解练习及答案
四级考试英语阅读训练题带答案
四级考试英语阅读训练题带答案四级考试英语阅读训练题(一)Humanity uses a little less than half the water available worldwide. Yet occurrences of shortages and droughts (干旱) are causing famine and distress in some areas, and industrial and agricultural by-products are polluting water supplies. Since the world’ population is e某pected to double in the ne某t 50 years, many e某perts think we are on the edge of a widespread water crisis.But that doesn’t have to be the outcome. Water shortages do not have to trouble the world—if we start valuing water more than we have in the past. Just as we began to appreciate petroleum more after the 1970s oil crises, today we must start looking at water from a fresh economic perspective. We can no longer afford to consider water a virtually freeresource of which we can use as much as we like in any way we want.Instead, for all uses e某cept the domestic demand of the poor, governments should price water to reflect its actual value. This means charging a fee for the water itself as well as for the supply costs.Governments should also protect this resource by providing waterin more economically and environmentally sound ways. For e某ample, often the cheapest way to provide irrigation (灌溉) water in the dry tropics is through small-scale projects, such as gathering rainfallin depressions (凹地) and pumping it to nearby cropland.No matter what steps governments take to provide water more efficiently, they must change their institutional and legal approaches to water sue. Rather than spread control among hundreds oreven thousands of local, regional, and national agencies that watch various aspects of water use, countries should set up central authorities to coordinate water policy.21. What is the real cause of the potential water crisis?A) The world population is increasing faster and faster.B) Half of the world’s water resources have been seriously polluted.C) Humanity has not placed sufficient value on water resources.D) Only half of the world’s water can be used.22. As indicated in the passage, the water problem ________.A) has been e某aggerated by some e某perts in the fieldB) is underestimated by government organizations at different levelsC) poses a challenge to the technology of building reservoirsD) is already serious in certain parts of the world23. According to the author, the water price should ________.A) correspond to its real valueB) be reduced to the minimumC) stimulate domestic demandD) take into account the occurrences of droughts24. The author says that in some hot and dry areas it is advisable to ________.A) build big lakes to store waterB) construct big pumping stationsC) channel water from nearby rivers to croplandD) build small and cheap irrigation systems25. In order to raise the efficiency of the water supply, measures should be taken to ________.A) centralize the management of water resourcesB) increase the sense of responsibility of agencies at all levelsC) guarantee full protection of the environmentD) encourage local and regional control of water resources四级考试英语阅读训练题答案21. D 22. A 23. C 24.C 25. B四级考试英语阅读训练题(二)We can see how the product life cycle works by looking at the introduction of instant coffee. When it was introduced, most people did not like it as well as “regular” coffee, and it took several years to gain general acceptance (introduction stage). At one point, though, instant coffee grew rapidly in popularity, and many brands were introduced (stage of rapid growth). After a while, people became attached to one brand and sales leveled off (stage of maturity).Sales went into a slight decline (衰退) when freeze-dried coffees were introduced (stage of decline).The importance of the product life cycle to marketers is this: Different stages in the product life cycle call for different strategies. The goal is to e某tend product life so that sales and profits do not decline. One strategy is called market modification.It means that marketing managers look for new users and market sections. Did you know, for e某ample, that the backpacks that so many students carry today were originally designed for the military? Market modification also means searching for increased usage among present customers or going for a different market, such as senior citizens. A marketer may re-position the product to appeal to new market sections.Another product e某tension strategy is called productmodification. It involves changing product quality, features, orstyle to attract new users or more usage from present users. American auto manufacturers are using quality improvement as one way to recapture world markets. Note, also, how auto manufacturers once changed styles dramatically from year to year to keep demand from falling.26. According to the passage, when people grow fond of one particular brand of a product, its sales will ________.A) decrease graduallyB) remain at the same levelC) become unstableD) improve enormously27. The first paragraph tells us that a new product is ________.A) not easily accepted by the publicB) often inferior to old ones at firstC) often more e某pensive than old onesD) usually introduced to satisfy different tastes28. Marketers need to know which of the four stages a product is in so as to ________.A) promote its productionB) work out marketing policiesC) speed up its life cycleD) increase its popularity29. The author mentions the e某ample of “backpacks” (Line 4, Para. 2) to show the importance of ________.A) pleasing the young as well as the oldB) increasing usage among studentsC) e某ploring new market sectionsD) serving both military and civil needs30. In order to recover their share of the world market, U.S. auto makers are ________.A) improving product qualityB) increasing product featuresC) modernizing product styleD) re-positioning their product in the market 四级考试英语阅读训练题答案26. D 27. D 28. A 29.B 30. A看完这篇文章的人还看了：1.英语四级考试阅读理解练习附答案2.四级考试英语阅读理解试题带答案3.四级英语阅读理解精选题带答案4.大学英语四级阅读理解练习题带答案5.大学英语四级考试阅读练习及答案。
(完整版)大学英语四级阅读理解试题及答案
As the pace of life continues to increase ,we are fast losing the art of relaxation. Once you are in the habit of rushing through lift,being on the go from morning till night, it is hard to slow down. But relaxation is essential for a healthy mind and body.Stress is an natural part of everyday lift and there is no way to avoid it. In fact ,it is not the bad thing it is often supposed to be .A certain amount of stress is vital to provide motivation adn give purpose to life. It is only when the stress gets out of control that it can lead to poor performance and ill health.The amount of stress a person can withstand depends very much on the individual. Some people are not afraid of stress,and such characters are obviously prime material for managerial responsibilities. Others lose heart at the first signs of unusual difficulties. When exposed to stress,in whatever form,we react both chemically and physically. In fact we make choice between "fight" or "flight" and in more primitive days the choice made the difference between life or death. The crises we meet today are unlikely to be so extreme,but however little the stress,it involves the same response. It is when such a reaction lasts long,through continued exposure to stress,that health becomes endangered.Such serious conditions as high blood pressure and heart disease have established links with stress.Since we cannot remove stress from our lives(it would be unwise to do so even if we could),we need to find ways to deal with it.1.People are finding less and less time for relaxing themselves because_____.a.they do not know how to enjoy themselvesb.they do not believe that relaxation is important for healthc.they are travelling fast all the timed.they are becoming busier with their work2.According to the writer ,the most important character for a good manager is his ________.a.not fearing stressb.knowing the art of relaxationc.high sense of responsibilityd.having control over performance3.Which of the follwing statements is ture?a.We can find some ways to avoid stressb.Stress is always harmful to peoplec.It is easy to change the hagit of keeping oneself busy with work.d.Different people can withstand different amounts of stress4.In Paragraph 3, "such a reaction" refers back to_______.a."making a choice between 'flight' or 'fight'"b."reaction to stress both chemically and physically"c."responding to crises quickly"d."losing heart at the signs difficulties"5.In the last sentence of the passage,"do so " refers to ______.a."expose ourselves to stress"b."find ways to deal with stress"c."remove stress from our lives"d."established links between diseases and stress"答案：dadbcIn the 1960s, many young Americans were dissatisfied with American society. They wanted to end the Vietnam War and to make all of the people in the U.S. epual. Some of them decided to "drop out" of American society and form their own societies . They formed utopian communities , which they called "communes," where they could follow their philosophy of "do your own thing." A group of artists founded a commune in southern Colorado called "Drop City." Following the ideas of philosopher and architect Buckminster Fuller they built domeshaped houses from pieces of old cars. Other groups, such as author Ken Kesey's Merry Pranksters, the followers fo San Francisco poet Steve Gakin, and a group that called itself the Hog Farm, lived in old school huses and traveled around the United States. The Hog Farm become famous when they helped organize the Woodstock Rock Festival in 1969. Steve Gaskin's followers tried to settle down on a farm in Tennessee, but they had to leave when some members of the gruop were arrested for growing marijuana.Not all communes believed in the philosophy of "do you own thing," however . Twin Oaks , a commune founded in Virgiania in the late 1960s, was based on the ideas of psychologist B.F.Skinner. The people who lived at Twin Oaks were carefully controlled by Skinner's "conditioning" techniques to do things that were good for the community. In 1972, Italian architect Paolo Soleri began to build Arcosanti, a utopian city Arizsona where 2500 people will live closely together in one large building called an "archology" Soleri believes that people must live closely together so that they will all become one.1.Why did some young Americans decide to "drop out" of scoiety during the 1960s?a.They were not satisfied with American society.b.They wanted to grow marijuana.c.They wanted to go to the Vietnam War.d.They did not want all people to be equal.2.Where did the members of the Hog Farm commune live?a.In dome-shaped houseb.In old school husesc.On a farm inTennesseed.In an archology in Arizona3.Who gave the people of Drop City the idea to bulid dome-shaped house?a.Paolo Solerib.B.G.Skinnerc.Steve Gaskind.Buckminster Fuller4.What was the Twin Oaks commune base on ?a.The philosophy of "do your own thing"b.Virginaia in the late 1960sc.The ideas of psychologistd.The belief that people must live closely togerher.5.What is an "archology"?a.A person who studies archaeologyb.A large building where people live closely togetherc.A city in A rizonad.A technique to contorl people答案：abdcbThere are two factors which determine an individual's intelligence. The first is the sort of brain he is born with. Human brains differ considerably, some being more capable than others. But no matter how good a brain he has to begin with, an individual will have a low order of intelligence unless he has opportunities to learn. So the second factor is what happens to the individual—the sort of environment in which he is reared. If an individual is handicapped envionmentally ,it is likely that his brain will fail to develop and he will never attain the level of intelligence of which he is capable.The importance of environment in determining an individual's intellingence can be demonstrated by the case history of the identical twins, Peter and Mark X. Being identical, the twins had identical brains at birth, and their growth processes were the same. When the twins were three months old , their parents died, and they were placed in separate foster homes. Peter was reated by parents of low intelligence in an isolatedcommunity with poor educational pooprtunities.Mark was reared inthe home of well-to-do parents who had been to college. He was read to as a child , sent to good schools, and given every opportunity to be stimulated intellectually.This enviromental difference continued until the twins were in their late teens, when they were giben tesets to measure their intelligence. Mark's I.Q. was 125, twenty-five points higher than the average and fully forty points higher than his identical brother. Given equal opportunities , the twins , having identical brains,would have tested at roughly the same level.1.This selection can best be titled_________.a.Measuring Your Intelligenceb.Intelligence and Environmentc.The Case of Peter and Markd.How the brain Influences Intelligence2.The beststatement of the main idea of this passage is that _____.a.human brains differ considerablyb.the brain a person is born with is improtant in determining his intelligencec.environment is crucial in determining a person's intelligenced. persons having identical brains will have roughly the same intelligence3.According to the passage , the average I.Q.is _____.a.85b.100c.110d.1254.The case history of the twins appears to support the conclusion that _______.a.individual with identical brains seldom test at same levelb.an individual's intelligence is determined only by his enviromentck of opportunity blocks the growth of intelligenced.changes of enviroment produce changes in the structure of the brain5.This passage suggests that an individual 's I.Q.______.a.can be predicted at birthb.stays the same throuthout his lifec.can be increased by educationd.is determined by his childhood答案：bcbccAs she walked round the huge department store,Edith reflected how difficult it was to choose a suitable Christmas present for her father.She wish that he was as easy to please as her mother, who was always delighted with perfumeBesides,shoppong at this time of the year was a most disgreeable experience :people trod on yourtoes,poked you with their elbows and almost knocked you overin their haste to get to a bargain ahead of you.Partly to have a rest, Edith paused in front of a counter where some attracive ties were on display. "They are real silk," the assistant assured her, trying to tempt her. "Worth double the price." But edit knew from past experience that her choice of ties hardly ever pleased her father.She moved on reluctantly and then quite by chance, stopped where a small crowd of man had gathered round a counter. She found some good quality pipes on sale-----and the prices were very reasonable. Edith didnot hesitate for long : although her father only smoked a pipe occasionally, she knew that this was a present which was bund to please him.When she got home,with her small well-chosen present concealed in her handbag, her parents were already at the supper table. Her mother was in an especially cheerful mood, "Your father has at last to decided to stop smoking." She informed her daughter.1.Edith's father _______.a.did not like presentb.never got presentc.preferred tiesd.was difficult to choose a present for2.The assistant spoke to Edith because she seemed_______.a.attractiveb.interested in tiesc.tiredd.in need of comfort3.Edith stopped at the next counter_________.a.puroselyb.suddenlyc.unwillinglyd.accidentally4.Edith's father smoked a pipe_______.a.when he was obligedb.on social occasionsc.from time to timed.when he was delighted5.Shopping was very disagreeable at that time of the year because_______.a.coustomers trod on each other's toesb.coustomers poked each other with their elbowsc.customers knocked each otherd.customers were doing their shopping in a great hurry答案：dbdcdIf the population of the earth goes on increasing at its present rate, there will eventually not be enough resources left to sustain life on the planet.By the middle of the 21st century,if present trends continue, we will have used up all the oil that drives our cars,for example.Even if scientists develop new ways of feeding the human race,the crowded conditions on earth will make it necessary for lus to look for open space somewhere else. But none of the other planets in our solar system are capable of supporting life at present. One possible solution to the problem, however,has recently been suggested by American scientist, Professor Carl Sagan.Sagan believes that before the earth's resources are compleetely exhausted it will be possible to change the atmophere of Venus and so create a new world almost as large as earth itself. The difficult is that Venus is much hotter than the earth and there is only a tiny amount of water there.Sagan proposes that algae organisms that can live in extremely hot or cold atmospheres and at the same time produce oxygen,should be bred in condition similar to those on Venus.As soon as this has been done, the algae will be placed in small rockets. Spaceship will then fly to Venus and fire the rockets into the atmosphere .In a fairly short time, the alge will break down the carbon dioxide into oxygen and carbon.When the algae have done theri work, the atmosphere will become cooler,but befor man can set foot on Venus it will be neccessary for the oxygen to produce rain. The surface of the planet will still be too hot for man to land on it but the rain will eventually fall and in a few years something like earth will be reproduced on Venus.1.Inte long run, the most insoluble problem caused by population growth on earth will probably be the lack of ______.a.foodb.oilc.spaced.resources2.Carl Sagan believes that Venus might be colonized from earth because _____a.it might be possible to change its atmosphereb.its atmosphere is the same as the earth'sc.there is a good supply of water on Venusd.the days on Venus are long enough3.On Venus there is a lot of ________.a.waterb.carbon dioxidec.carbon monoxided.oxygen4.Algae are plants that can____.a.live in very hot temperaturesb.live in very cold temperaturesc.manufacture oxygend.all of the above5. Man can land on Venus only when_______.a.the algae have done their workb.the atmosphere becomes coolerc.thereis oxygend.it rains there答案：cabdd。
大学英语四级阅读理解试题及答案
大学英语四级阅读理解试题及答案（一）There are three kinds of goals: short-term,medium-range and long-term goals.Short-range goals are those that usually deal with current activities,which we can apply on a daily basis.Such goals can be achieved in a week or less,or two weeks,or possible months.It should be remembered that just as a building is no stronger than its foundation ,out long-term goals cannot amount to very munch without the achievement of solid short-term goals.Upon completing our short-term goals,we should date the occasion and then add new short-term goals that will build on those that have been completed.The intermediate goals bukld on the foundation of the short-range goals.They might deal with just one term of school or the entire school year,or they could even extend for several years.Any time you move a step at a time,you should never allow yourself to become discouraged or overwhelmed. As you complete each step,you will enforce the belief in your ability to grow adn succeed.And as your list of completion dates grow,your motivation and desire will increase.Long-range goals may be related to our dreams of the future. They might cover five years or more. Life is not a static thing.We should never allow a long-term goal to limit us or our course of action.1.Our long-term goals mean a lot__.a.if we complete our short-range goalsb.if we cannot reach solid short-term goalsc.if we write down the datesd.if we put forward some plans2.New short-term goals are bulid upon__.a.two yearsb.long-term goalsc.current activitiesd.the goals that have been completed3.When we complete each step of our goals ,__.a.we will win final successb.we are overwhelmedc.we should build up confidence of successd.we should strong desire for setting new goals4.Once our goals are drawn up,__.a.we should stick to them until we complete themb.we may change our goals as we have new ideas and opportunitiesc.we had better wait for the exciting news of successd.we have made great decision5.It is implied but not stated in the passage that ___.a.those who habe long-term goals will succeedb.writing down the dates may discourage youc.the goal is only a guide for us to reach our desinationd.every should have a goal答案：adcbc二The economy of the United states after 1952 was the econnomy of a well-fed,almost fully employed people. Despit occasional alarms, the country escaped any postwar depression and lived in a state of boom. A n economic survey of the year 1955, a typical year of the 1950’s, may be typical as illustrating the rapid economic growth of the decade. The national output was value at 10 percent above that of 1954 (1955 output was estimated at 392 billion dollars). The production of manufacturers was about 40 percent more than it had averaged in the years immediately following World War 2. The country’s business spent about 30billion dollars for new factories and machinery. National income available for spending was almost a third greater than it had been it had been in 1950. Consumers spent about 256 billion dollars; that is about 700 million dollars a day ,or about twenty-five million dollars every hour , all round the clock. Sixty-five million people held jobs and only a little more than two million wanted jobs but could not find them . Only agriculture complained that it was not sharing in the room. To some observers this was an ominous echo of the mid-1920’s . As farmer’s shre of their products declined , marketing costs rose. But there were , among the observers of the national economy, a few who were not as confident as the majority . Those few seemed to fear that the boom could not last and would eventually lead to the oppsite-depression.1. What is the best title of the passage?a. The Agriculatural Trends of 1950’sb. The Unemployment Rate of 1950’sc. U.S. Economy in the 50’sd. The Federal Budget of 19522. In Line 4 , the word “boom”could best be replaced by______.a. nearby explosionb. thunderous noisec. general public supportd. rapid economic growth3. It can be inferred the national from the passage that most people in the United States in 1955 viewed the national economy with an air of _________.a. confidenceb. confusionc. disappointmentd. suspicion4. Which of the following were LEAST satisfied with the national economy in the 1950’s?a. Economistsb. Frmaersc. Politiciansd. Steelworkers5. The passage states that incom available for spending in the U.S. was greater in 1955 than in 1950 . How much was it ?a. 60%b. 50%c. 33%d. 90%答案：cdabc三Women are also underrepresented in the administration and this is because there are so few women full professors. In 1985,Regent Beryl Milburn produced a report blasting the University of Texas System adminitration for not encouraging women.The University was rated among the lowest for the system.In a 1987 update ,Milburn commended the progress that was made and called for even more improvement.One of the positive results from her study was a System-wide program to inform women of available administrative jobs.College of Communication Associate Dean Patrica Witherspoon,said it is important that woman be flexible when it comesto relocating if they want to rise in the ranks.Although a woman may face a chilly climate on campus , many times in order for her to succeed , she must rise above the problems around her and concentrate on her work.Until women make up a greater percentage of the senior positions in the University and all academia,inequities will exist."Women need to spend their energies and time doing scholarly activities that are important here at the University." Spirduso said. "If they do that will be successful in this system.If they spend their time in little groups mourning the sexual discrimination that they think exists here, they are wasting valuable study time."1.According to Spirduso,women need to ____.a.produce a report on sexual discriminationb.call for further improvement in their working conditionsc.spend their energies and time fighting against sexual discriminationd.spend more time and energy doing scholarly activities2.From this passage ,we know that _____.a.there are many women full professors in the University of Texasb.women play an important part in adminitrating the Universityc.the weather on the campus is chillyd.women make up a small percentage of the senior positions in the University3.Which of the following statements is true?a.the number of women professors in the University in 1987 was greater than that of 1985b.the number of women professors in the University in 1987 was smaller than that of 1985c.the number of women professors was the same as that of 1985d.more and more women professors thought that sexual discrimination did exit in the University4.One of the positive results from Milburn's study was that _____.a.women were told to con centrate on teir workb.women were given information about available administrative jobsc.women were encouraged to take on all the administrative jobs in the Unversityd.women were encouraged to do more scholarly activities5. The title for this passage should be _______.a.The University of Texasburn's Reportc.Women Professorsd.Sexual Discrimination in Academia答案：ddabd四Today ,as in every other day of the year ,more than 3000 U.S. adlescents will smoke their first cigarette on their way to becoming regular smokers as adults. During their lifetime,it can be expected that of these 3000 about 23 will be murdered,30 will die in traffic accidents, and nearly 750 will be killed by a smoking-related disease. The number of deaths attributed to cigarette smoking outweithts all other factors, whether voluntary or involuntary, as a cause of death.Since the late 1970s, when daily smoking among high school seniors reached 30 precent , smoking rates among youth have declined . While the decline is impressive ,several important issues must be raised.First, in the past several years,smoking rates among youth have declined very little. Second,in the late 1970s ,smoking among male high school seniors exceeded that among female by nearly 10 percent . The statistic is reversing.Third ,several recent studies have indicate high school dropouts have excessively high smoking rates, as much as 75 percent .Finally, thouth significant declines in adolescent smoking have occurred in the past decade,no definite reasons for the decline exist. Within this context,the Naional Cancer Instiute (NCI) began its current effort to determine the most effecive measures to reduce smoking levesl among youth.1.According to the author, the deaths among youth are mainly caused by _____.a.traffic accidentsb.smoking-related deseasec.murderd.all of these2.Every day there are over_____high school strdents who will become regular smoker.a.75b.23c.30d.30003.By "dropout" the author means______.a.students who failed the examinationb.students who left schoolc.students who lost their wayd.students who were driven out of school4.The reason for declining adolescent smoking is that ________.a.NCI has taken effective measuresb.smoking is prevented among high school seniorsc.there are many smokers who have died of cancerd.none of these5.What is implied but not stated by the author is that ________.a.smoking rates among youth have declined very littleb.there are now more female than male smokers among high school seniorsc.high smoking rates are due to the incease in wealthd.smoking at high school are from low socio-economic backgrounds答案：bdbdb五The food we eat seems to have profound effects on our health.Although science has made enormous steps in making food more fit to eat ,it has, at the same time,made many foods unfit to eat. Some research has shown that perhaps eighty percent of all human illnesses are related to diet and forty percent of cancer is related to the diet as well,especially cancer of the colon. Different cultures are more likely to cause certain different illnesses because of the food that is characteristic in these cultures. That food is related to illness is nto a new discovery. In 1945, about 35 years ago, government researchers realized that nitrates, commonly used to preserve color in meats,and other food additivies,caused cancer. Yet, these carcinogenic additives remain in our food, and it becomes more difficult all the time to know which things on the packaging labels of processed food are helpful or harmful. The additives which we eat are not all so direct. Farmers often give penicillin to beef and living animals, and because of this ,penicillin has been found in the milk of treated cow. Sometimes similar drugs are given to animals not for medical purposes,but for financial reasons. The farmers are simply trying to fatten the animals in order to obtain a higher price on the market. Although the Food and Drug Administration(FDA) has tried repeatedly to control these procedures, the practices continue.1.What is the best possible title of the passage?a.Drug and Foodb.Cancer and Healthc.Food and Healthd.Health and Drug2.Which of the following statements is NOT ture?a.Drugs are always given to animals for medical reasonsb.Some of the additives in our food are added to the food itself and some are given to the living animalsc.Researchers have known about the potential dangers of food additives for over thirty-five years.d.Food may cause forty percent of cancer in world.3.How has science done something harmful to mankind?a.Because of science , diseases caused by polluted food haven been virtually eliminated.b.It has caused a lack of information concerning the value of food.c.Because of the application of science,some potentially harmful substances have been added to food.d.The scientists have preserved the color of meats,but not of vegetables.4.What are nitrates used for?a.They preserve flavor in packaged foods.b.They preserve the color of meats.c.They are the objects of research.d.They cause the animals to become fatter.5.The word 'carcinogenic' most nearly means '_____'.a.trouble-makingb.color-retainingc.money-makingd.cancer-causing答案：cacbd六As the pace of life continues to increase ,we are fast losing the art of relaxation. Once you are in the habit of rushing through lift,being on the go from morning till night, it is hard to slow down. But relaxation is essential for a healthy mind and body.Stress is an natural part of everyday lift and there is no way to avoid it. In fact ,it is not the bad thing it is often supposed to be .A certain amount of stress is vital to provide motivation adn give purpose to life. It is only when the stress gets out of control that it can lead to poor performance and ill health.The amount of stress a person can withstand depends very much on the individual. Some people are not afraid of stress,and such characters are obviously prime material for managerial responsibilities. Others lose heart at the first signs of unusual difficulties. When exposed to stress,in whatever form,we react both chemically and physically. In fact we make choice between "fight" or "flight" and in more primitive days the choice made the difference between life or death. The crises we meet today are unlikely to be so extreme,but however little the stress,it involves the same response. It is when such a reaction lasts long,through continued exposure to stress,that health becomes endangered.Such serious conditions as high blood pressure and heart disease have established links with stress.Since we cannot remove stress from our lives(it would be unwise to do so even if we could),we need to find ways to deal with it.1.People are finding less and less time for relaxing themselves because_____.a.they do not know how to enjoy themselvesb.they do not believe that relaxation is important for healthc.they are travelling fast all the timed.they are becoming busier with their work2.According to the writer ,the most important character for a good manager is his ________.a.not fearing stressb.knowing the art of relaxationc.high sense of responsibilityd.having control over performance3.Which of the follwing statements is ture?a.We can find some ways to avoid stressb.Stress is always harmful to peoplec.It is easy to change the hagit of keeping oneself busy with work.d.Different people can withstand different amounts of stress4.In Paragraph 3, "such a reaction" refers back to_______.a."making a choice between 'flight' or 'fight'"b."reaction to stress both chemically and physically"c."responding to crises quickly"d."losing heart at the signs difficulties"5.In the last sentence of the passage,"do so " refers to ______.a."expose ourselves to stress"b."find ways to deal with stress"c."remove stress from our lives"d."established links between diseases and stress"答案：dadbc七In the 1960s, many young Americans were dissatisfied with American society. They wanted to end the Vietnam War and to make all of the people in the U.S. epual. Some of them decided to "drop out" of American society and form their own societies . They formed utopian communities , which they called "communes," where they could follow their philosophy of "do your own thing."A group of artists founded a commune in southern Colorado called "Drop City." Following the ideas of philosopher and architect Buckminster Fuller they built domeshaped houses from pieces of old cars. Other groups, such as author Ken Kesey's Merry Pranksters, the followers fo San Francisco poet Steve Gakin, and a group that called itself the Hog Farm, lived in old school huses and traveled around the United States. The Hog Farm become famous when they helped organize the Woodstock Rock Festival in 1969. Steve Gaskin's followers tried to settle down on a farm in Tennessee, but they had to leave when some members of the gruop were arrested for growing marijuana.Not all communes believed in the philosophy of "do you own thing," however . Twin Oaks , a commune founded in Virgiania in the late 1960s, was based on the ideas of psychologist B.F.Skinner. The people who lived at Twin Oaks were carefully controlled by Skinner's "conditioning" techniques to do things that were good for the community. In 1972, Italian architect Paolo Soleri began to build Arcosanti, a utopian city Arizsona where 2500 people will live closely together in one large building called an "archology" Soleri believes that people must live closely together so that they will all become one.1.Why did some young Americans decide to "drop out" of scoiety during the 1960s?a.They were not satisfied with American society.b.They wanted to grow marijuana.c.They wanted to go to the Vietnam War.d.They did not want all people to be equal.2.Where did the members of the Hog Farm commune live?a.In dome-shaped houseb.In old school husesc.On a farm inTennesseed.In an archology in Arizona3.Who gave the people of Drop City the idea to bulid dome-shaped house?a.Paolo Solerib.B.G.Skinnerc.Steve Gaskind.Buckminster Fuller4.What was the Twin Oaks commune base on ?a.The philosophy of "do your own thing"b.Virginaia in the late 1960sc.The ideas of psychologistd.The belief that people must live closely togerher.5.What is an "archology"?a.A person who studies archaeologyb.A large building where people live closely togetherc.A city in A rizonad.A technique to contorl people答案：abdcb八There are two factors which determine an individual's intelligence. The first is the sort of brain he is born with. Human brains differ considerably, some being more capable than others. But no matter how good a brain he has to begin with, an individual will have a low order of intelligence unless he has opportunities to learn. So the second factor is what happens to the individual—the sort of environment in which he is reared. If an individual is handicapped envionmentally ,it is likely that his brain will fail to develop and he will never attain the level of intelligence of which he is capable.The importance of environment in determining an individual's intellingence can be demonstrated by the case history of the identical twins, Peter and Mark X. Being identical, the twins had identical brains at birth, and their growth processes were the same. When the twins were three months old , their parents died, and they were placed in separate foster homes. Peter was reated by parents of low intelligence in an isolatedcommunity with poor educational pooprtunities.Mark was reared inthe home of well-to-do parents who had been to college. He was read to as a child , sent to good schools, and given every opportunity to be stimulated intellectually.This enviromental difference continued until the twins were in their late teens, when they were giben tesets to measure their intelligence. Mark's I.Q. was 125, twenty-five points higher than the average and fully forty points higher than his identical brother. Given equal opportunities , the twins , having identical brains,would have tested at roughly the same level.1.This selection can best be titled_________.a.Measuring Your Intelligenceb.Intelligence and Environmentc.The Case of Peter and Markd.How the brain Influences Intelligence2.The beststatement of the main idea of this passage is that _____.a.human brains differ considerablyb.the brain a person is born with is improtant in determining his intelligencec.environment is crucial in determining a person's intelligenced. persons having identical brains will have roughly the same intelligence3.According to the passage , the average I.Q.is _____.a.85b.100c.110d.1254.The case history of the twins appears to support the conclusion that _______.a.individual with identical brains seldom test at same levelb.an individual's intelligence is determined only by his enviromentck of opportunity blocks the growth of intelligenced.changes of enviroment produce changes in the structure of the brain5.This passage suggests that an individual 's I.Q.______.a.can be predicted at birthb.stays the same throuthout his lifec.can be increased by educationd.is determined by his childhood答案：bcbcc九As she walked round the huge department store,Edith reflected how difficult it was to choose a suitable Christmas present for her father.She wish that he was as easy to please as her mother, who was always delighted with perfumeBesides,shoppong at this time of the year was a most disgreeable experience :people trod on your toes,poked you with their elbows and almost knocked you overin their haste to get to a bargain ahead of you.Partly to have a rest, Edith paused in front of a counter where some attracive ties were on display. "They are real silk," the assistant assured her, trying to tempt her. "Worth double the price." But edit knew from past experience that her choice of ties hardly ever pleased her father.She moved on reluctantly and then quite by chance, stopped where a small crowd of man had gathered round a counter. She found some good quality pipes on sale-----and the prices were very reasonable. Edith did not hesitate for long : although her father only smoked a pipe occasionally, she knew that this was a present which was bund to please him.When she got home,with her small well-chosen present concealed in her handbag, her parents were already at the supper table. Her mother was in an especially cheerful mood, "Your father has at last to decided to stop smoking." She informed her daughter.1.Edith's father _______.a.did not like presentb.never got presentc.preferred tiesd.was difficult to choose a present for2.The assistant spoke to Edith because she seemed_______.a.attractiveb.interested in tiesc.tiredd.in need of comfort3.Edith stopped at the next counter_________.a.puroselyb.suddenlyc.unwillinglyd.accidentally4.Edith's father smoked a pipe_______.a.when he was obligedb.on social occasionsc.from time to timed.when he was delighted5.Shopping was very disagreeable at that time of the year because_______.a.coustomers trod on each other's toesb.coustomers poked each other with their elbowsc.customers knocked each otherd.customers were doing their shopping in a great hurry答案：dbdcd十If the population of the earth goes on increasing at its present rate, there will eventually not be enough resources left to sustain life on the planet.By the middle of the 21st century,if present trends continue, we will have used up all the oil that drives our cars,for example.Even if scientists develop new ways of feeding the human race,the crowded conditions on earth will make it necessary for lus to look for open space somewhere else. But none of the other planets in our solar system are capable of supporting life at present. One possible solution to the problem, however,has recently been suggested by American scientist, Professor Carl Sagan.Sagan believes that before the earth's resources are compleetely exhausted it will be possible to change the atmophere of Venus and so create a new world almost as large as earth itself. The difficult is that Venus is much hotter than the earth and there is only a tiny amount of water there.Sagan proposes that algae organisms that can live in extremely hot or cold atmospheres and at the same time produce oxygen,should be bred in condition similar to those on Venus.As soon as this has been done, the algae will be placed in small rockets. Spaceship will then fly to Venus and fire the rockets into the atmosphere .In a fairly short time, the alge will break down the carbon dioxide into oxygen and carbon.When the algae have done theri work, the atmosphere will become cooler,but befor man can set foot on Venus it will be neccessary for the oxygen to produce rain. The surface of the planet will still be too hot for man to land on it but the rain will eventually fall and in a few years something like earth will be reproduced on Venus.1.Inte long run, the most insoluble problem caused by population growth on earth will probably be the lack of ______.a.foodb.oilc.spaced.resources2.Carl Sagan believes that Venus might be colonized from earth because _____a.it might be possible to change its atmosphereb.its atmosphere is the same as the earth'sc.there is a good supply of water on Venusd.the days on Venus are long enough3.On Venus there is a lot of ________.a.waterb.carbon dioxidec.carbon monoxided.oxygen4.Algae are plants that can____.a.live in very hot temperaturesb.live in very cold temperaturesc.manufacture oxygend.all of the above5. Man can land on Venus only when_______.a.the algae have done their workb.the atmosphere becomes coolerc.thereis oxygend.it rains there答案：cabdd阅读理解限时训练与解析A（5minutes）I found out one time that doing a favor for someone could get you into a lot of trouble. I was in the eighth grade at the time, and we were having a final test. During the test, the girl sitting next to me whispered something, but I didn’t understand. So I leaned over her way and found out that she was trying to ask me if I had an extra pen. She showed me that hers was out of ink and would not write. I happened to have an extra one, so I took it out of my pocket and put it on her desk.Later, after the test papers had been turned in, the teacher asked me to stay in the room when all the other students were dismissed（解散）. As soon as we were alone she began to talk to me about what it meant to grow up; she talked about how important it was to stand on your own two feet and be responsible (负责任) for your own acts. For a long time, she talked about honesty and emphasized（强调）the fact that when people do something dishonest, they are really cheating（欺骗）themselves. She made me promise that I would think seriously（认真地）about all the things she had said, and then she told me I could leave. I walked out of the room wondering why she had chosen to talk to me about all those things.Later on, I found out that she thought I had cheated on the test. When she saw me lean over to talk to the girl next to me, it looked as if I was copying answers from the girl’s test paper. I tried to explain about the pen, but all she could say was it seemed very very strange to her that I hadn’t talked of anything about the pen the day she talked to me right after the test. Even if I tried to explain that I was just doing the girl a favor by letting her use my pen, I am sure she continued（继续）to believe that I had cheated on the test.1. The story took place（发生）exactly ____ .A. in the teacher’s officeB. in an exam roomC. in the schoolD. in the language lab2. The girl wanted to borrow a pen, because ____ .A. she had not brought a pen with herB. she had lost her own on her way to schoolC. there was something wrong with her ownD. her own had been taken away by someone3. The teacher saw all this, so she asked the boy ____ .A. to go on writing his paperB. to stop whisperingC. to leave the room immediatelyD. to stay behind after the exam4. The thing(s) emphasized in her talk was(were) ____ .A. honestyB. sense of dutyC. seriousnessD. all of the above5. The boy knew everything ____ .A. the moment he was asked to stay behindB. when the teacher started talking about honestyC. only some time laterD. when he was walking out of the roomB（7minutes）Some kids start to drink alcohol (酒精) at a young age. They think it is part of becoming an adult. They also think drinking is not that bad because so many people do it. They feel it is not as bad as taking drugs (毒品). It is easy for kids to get liquor （酒精饮料）by using fake identification (伪造证件).Parents may start to notice a change in their child’s behavior if the child starts drinking. Kids who drink sometimes stop doing things they normally liked to do. They may keep telephone calls and meetings a secret and not want anybody to touch their things. They act moody (喜怒无常) and do not have the same eating and sleeping habits.Parents need to stay involved (牵涉) in their kids’lives. They should talk to their children about their problems to be aware of any changes.Parents can be the best protection. Children who get a lot of love can feel good about themselves. It helps them resist（抵抗）doing bad things even when other kids are doing them. Parents can also help set a good example by not drinking and driving. They can have firm rules in the home that everyone follows.Give the children good ideas on how to say “no”to drinking, even when they are at a party. Try not to overreact or panic (惊慌) if the child tries alcohol. How you handle it can affect their attitude. It may be helpful to talk to other parents about setting up curfews (宵禁令) and rules about parties or other events.1. Which of the following is NOT the reason why some kids have an early start of drinking?A. They want to show their maturity (成熟) by drinking alcohol.B. Drinking alcohol is much cooler than taking drugs.C. They are affected by many other people around them.D. They can get liquor easily.2.According to the passage, what changes may happen to the kids who start drinking?A. Nothing serious will happen to them.B. They keep the same eating and sleeping habits.C. They can control their moods quite well.。
英语四级阅读理解精选练习及答案
英语四级阅读理解精选练习及答案英语四级阅读理解练习一：Personality is , to large extent, inherent --A-type parents usually bring about A-type offspring. But the environment must also have a profound effect, since if competition is improtant to the parents, it is likely to become a major factor lives of their children.One place where children soak up A characteristics is school, which is, by its very nature, a highly competitive institution. Too many schools adopt the "win at all costs" moral standard and measure their success by sporting achievements. The current passion for making children compete against their classmates or against the clock produces a two-layer system, in which competitive A types seem in some way better than their B-type fellows. Being too keen to win can have dangerous consequences:remember that Pheidippides ,the first marathon runner, dropped dead seconds after saying:"Rejoice, we conquer!".By far the worst form of competition in school is the disproportionate emphasis on examinations . It is a rare school that allows pupils to concentrate on those things they do well.The merits of competition by examination are somewhat questionable, but competition in the certain knowledge of failure is positively harmful.Obviously, it is neither practical nor desirable that all A youngsters change into Bs. The would needs types, and schools have an important dutyto try to fit a childs personality to his possible future employment. It is top management.1. According to the author, what factors contribute to the building of personality?A. inheritanceb. inheritance, competition and environmentc. competitiond. environment2.Which of the following statements is not true according to the author of the passage?A. Schools usually adopt severe competitive policies.B. Students are often divided by competition results.C. School is place where children cultivate their characteristics.D. The stronger desire for winning, the better.3.The phrase "soak up" is closest in meaning to ____.A. pull up b. take up c. take in d. pull in4.What attitude does the author hold toward examinations in schools?A. positive b. negative c. doubtful d. neutral5.what suggestion does the author make concerning the management of schools?A. All students be made into competitive A types.B. A childs personality be considered in regard to his possible future job.C. All students be changed into B characteristics.D. Schools abolish all forms of examinations.答案：bdccb英语四级阅读理解练习二：Nearly everybody buys a used car sooner or later, as a primary vehicle (首要的交通工具) or as a second car. Indeed(当然), three out of four sales today are used cars, and theyre not cheap junkers (废物)either—the average price now is $ 5500, about half what a new car costs. Make the wrong selection and a major investment (投资)can be lost the moment you drive off the lot.There is far less chance of this happening to you if you know: when to buy, where to buy, how to examine (仔细检查) the car, how to conduct (进行) your own road test, and how to bargain over (讲价)the price.When to buyShop during the day. Lighting makes cars gleam (V 闪光)like jewels (宝石)at night. In daylight they look dull (黯淡的), but realistic.Dont shop in the rain. It can mask(掩盖) liquids (液体) that might be leaking (泄漏). If possible, shop in the winter when supplies are high and demand (需求)is low.Where to buyShop the suburbs. In more affluent (富有的)neighborhoods cars are more likely to have been well cared for.A private owner normally sells a car for less than a dealer(商人) does, but almost always "as is," with no guarantee(质量保证). Thats an acceptable risk if what youre looking for is a cheap second car to "drive to the station. "Even though a used-car dealer generally charges more, you can often get some type of limited guarantee. This is often a 50-50 plan, in which you each pay half on repairs for a period (一段时间)that may range from 30 days to a year. Ask the dealer about the availability of an optional(可选择的) service policy.Used-car dealers often claim (声称)to have gone over (仔细查看)the car, and many have. But remember that small dealers often buy cars that are auctioned (拍卖 ) because nobody else wants them.Some experts feel that a new-car dealer is the best place to buy a secondhand car, especially if youre laying out a large sum (一笔金钱) for a late model. Some of these dealers offer extensive (广阔的)guarantees, such as one on the "drive train," which covers any problems with engine (发动机), transmission(变速器) ， drive shaft and differential (差速器 ). Expect to pay for this, as well as for the markup (标高的价格). But if you shop soon after the new models have arrived, when a dealer has a lot of trade-ins tying up his profits, he might deal. The visual examination (视觉上的检查)Youve found your dream car, and can hardly wait to get in and roar away. Wait.First, look for any flaws (瑕疵)or ripples(划痕) in the body that might indicate a past accident (暗示曾经出过事故). To see if a car has been repainted(重新漆过), look under the rubber seals around the door or under the chrome trim. Repainting may mask deep flaws (重新上漆可能隐藏深层的瑕疵).Check the odometer (计程器) for total mileage (英里数), and then compare that figure (数字)with any stickers still attached to door posts. Its illegal to change odometer readings, but it happens. If there are no stickers, be a little suspicious. Check pedals and controls: wear on these parts should agree with the mileage. If they are brand new, be suspicious. If they are worn out, beware.Check that the doors, hood and trunk all open smoothly and close with solid sound. Sight along the sides of the car from 30 feet away to be sure that the rear and front wheels line up.Look under the car for fluid leaks. Except for condensation from a working air conditioner on a hot day, no car should ever drip anything, any time.Now sit in the drivers seat and try the controls. The car should fit you—it should be comfortable. Check seat adjustment, door locks, window-raising mechanisms, horn, lights, directional signals, radio—all accessories.Start the engine. It should turn over quickly and then settle down to a rather fast idle. Give the engine a moment or two before you press the accelerator a bit. Watch for smoke from the rear. Blue smoke mightmean a complete engine overhaul (大修) , black a maladjusted carburetor (化油器). 2White smoke can be. Ignored if the engine is cold, but once it is warmed up, white smoke can mean a leaking head gasket (垫圈) : expensive. Reject this car.After the engine has warmed, shut it off, and then go wipe your finger inside the tailpipe (making sure its not too hot). The residue should be whitish-gay. If you get a black, oily mark, refuse the car—its probably an oil burner.Restart the engine and check the oil in an automatic transmission. It should be clean and clear, with no burned odor. The test drive The salesman may try to convince you that a short drive around the block is enough. Wrong. Make it clear that you plan to road test the car, and if he isnt happy with this look elsewhere.The test route you have mapped out should include dry city streets, a freeway, a hill, a bumpy road and an empty parking lot. All gauges(计量器) should read steady and normal throughout the test, especially oil pressure and engine heat. If not, dont buy the car.Drive to a traffic-free city street on your predetermined route and then accelerate smoothly to about 35 miles per hour. The automatic transmission should shift without jerking and with no noise.Slow to about 7 m. p. h. by gently applying the brakes. There should be no noise, no sharp sound or grinding. The car should slow in a straight line, with no pulling to the right or left.Pick up speed to about 15; then making certain nobody is behind you, hit the brakes hard! The car should come to an immediate stop without making noise or swerving.In an empty, level parking lot, brake to a complete stop. Shift into reverse and back up at about 4 m. p. h. , brake to a halt, shift into forward, etc. Do this four or five times to test the transmission. All shifting should be smooth, with no noise or hesitation.Accelerate up a hill to about 40 m. p. h. The car should not labor. If it does, you could have a rotten transmission. Go back down the hill. Stop halfway, shift into neutral and set the parking brake. The car should remain stationary when you take your foot off the brake pedal.Drive the car over the bumpy road, up a hill, and on the highway. Rarely will a car be perfect. However by now you should have a pretty good idea what needs to be done. How to bargainUse what youve learned from the visual exam, test drive and outside mechanic to get the price down. Have a maximum figure in mind, based on your inspection and on current prices from a used-car guide. Start your bidding lower than that. When you have nearly arrived at a price, get the seller to throw in certain repairs. It may be cheaper for him than further price cuts.1. Following the instructions here will help you make a good selection when buying a used car.2. Winter is a good time for purchasing a car because there is little rain in winter.3. You are more likely to pay less to a private owner for a car of poor quality.4. Refuse the car if you find any signs of a past accident in the visual examination.5. Dont buy the car if there is white smoke coming out of the rear because it is probably an oil burner.6. At certain speeds in the tests, a good car should not make any noise when the driver brakes either hard or gently.7. If you are patient and careful enough, you will certainly find a perfect used car.8. The last step before you make a decision to buy a car is______.9. Besides all gauges, the two very important systems mainly examined in the test drive are______.10. According to some experts, the best place to buy a second-hand car is______.答案：1. Y 2. N 3. Y 4. NG 5. N 6. Y 7. N 8. to bargain over the price 9. brake and transmission 10. a new-car dealer。
四级阅读理解练习与参考答案
四级阅读理解练习与参考答案四级阅读理解练习与参考答案：Directions：There are 2 passages in this section.Each passage isfollowed by some questions or unfinished statements.For each ofthem there are four choices marked A.，B.，C.andD..You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 56 to 60 are based on thefollowingpassage.They say that sticks and stones may break your bones，but words will never hurt you.Yet childhood bullying really can damage your long-term health.Gone are the days when bullying was considered an inevitable and ultimately harmless part of growing up—iust last month we learned that childhood bullying can lead to poorer mental health even into middle age.Now William Copeland at Duke University in Durham，North Carolina，and his colleagues have shown that it can have lingering physiological effects too.They tracked 1420 9-year-olds right through their teens.Each child was seen up to nine times during the study and quizzed about bullying.The team then measured levels of C-reactive protein in theirblood.CRP is a marker of inflammation(炎症)linked to higher risk of cardiovascular disease (心血管疾病)and problems like diabetes.“Because we were collecting biological samples throughout，we were able to look at CRP levels in subjects prior to their bullying involvement.”says Copeland.“This really gives us an idea of the changes bullying brings about.”Although CRP levels naturally rise in everyone during adolescence，levels were highest in children who reported being tormented by bullies.Even at the ages of 1 9 and 2 1，children who had once been bullied had CRP levels about 1.4 times higher than peers who were neither perpetrators nor victims.In a cruel twist，the bullies had the lowest levels of all.suggesting they didnt suffer the same health risks. They may even see a benefit from their behavior,though Copeland stresses it doesnt vindicate(辩护)their actions.“The goal would instead be to find other ways to produce this protective effect without it being at someone elses expense，”he says.Andrea Danese at Kings College London has previously shown that maltreatment during childhood can lead to higll levels of inflammation in adult life.“This new study is a helpful addition in showing that these effects extend to another important childhood stressor,”he says.He suggests that care workers could monitor levels of CRP in children having psychotherapy to see if it is helping to soothe the stress of being bullied.56.What do you know about CRP?A.It is a symbol of the inflammation.B.It is a symbol of cardiovascular.C. It relates directly to diabetes.D.It is a symbol of physiological effects caused by bullying.57.What does Copeland mean by saying“prior to their bullying involvement”(Line 2，Para.4)?A.Before the children bullied others.B.Before the children were bullied.C.In preference to the childrens bullying behavior.D.In preference to the childrens being bullied.58.What can be learned from paragraph 5?A. The levels of CRP of the children being bullied are much higher than their peers.B. CRP levels naturally rise along with the increase of age.C.The bullies are not blamed for the health risks of the bullied.D. Copeland intends to defend the benefit of the bulliesactions.59.What does Andrea Danese suggest about childhood maltreatment?A. It has nothing to do with inflammation in adult life.B.Copelands study shows nothing related to it.C.CRP is the marker of childhood abuse.D. It has an influence on Childrens CRP levels.60.What is the main idea of this passage?A.Bullying is harmless to childrens growth.B.CRP levels reflect the risks of poorer health.C.Bullying does harm to a person all through his life.D.Children once bullied have higher CRP levels than peers who are not. 四级阅读理解练习与参考答案：Questions 61 to65 are based on thefollowingpassage.Heres a case study for would-be MBAs to consider：the success of H Mart.an international supermarket chain based in New Jersey(the“H”in H Mart stands for Han Ah Reum.which means“one arm full of groceries”in Korean).Tlle first H Mart opened in Queens，New York in 1982，as a corner shop.Now there are stores in 11 states，Canada and Britain.A new one recently opened in Cambridge.Massachusetts，an affluent city outside Boston.The future looks bright for Asian supermarkets like H Mart.Eamings of Asian-American households outpace the American average.Their spending exceeds all other groups，too，according to Geoscape，a consultancy.And they spend more of their money on groceries than the average America household.But Asian delicacies can be hard to come by：few Americans are likely to see durian or bamboo shoots in their local shop.Some specialty ingredients are only to be found at a premium(高价)in up-market grocery stores，or miles away,in ethnic markets in older Asian neighborhpods.Americans have developed greater appetite for cooking and eating Asian foods，t00.In 2012 non.restaurant sales of Asian foods topped $1.5billion，according to Mintel Group.a market.research firm.Though Latin foods are a bigger market，the popularity of Asian foods is growing faster.Once strange.seeming imports like seaweed and sashimi are now fashionable eats.Though the rate of growth is expected to fall，sales are likely to keep rising.Yet most Asian grocers have not made efforts to reach new customers，says Jeffrey Cohen，an analyst at IBIS World,an industries watcher.Many shops are located in minority enclaves，and do little to market themselves to other Americans.Cramped car parks and dingy interiors fend off customers used to the bright fluorescence(荧光)of mainstream supermarkets.Ingredients labeled with poorly-translated English Can leave shoppers bamed.A few Asian grocery chains have caught on，opening stores in more diverse suburbs，paying attention to cosmetic niceties(细节)and marketing more widely.Other than H Mart，there are Califomian chains such as 99 Ranch Market and Shun Fat Supermarket，which have been expanding to the American southwest.The former was even featured in a humorous YouTube music vide —“Asians Eat Weird Things”—which has attracted more than 900，000 hits.Those weird things may not seem so weird after all.61.What makes the future ofAsian supermarkets so bright?A.High income and spending ofAsian-AmeriCalls.B. High income ofAsians and unreachable Asian foods in local American shops.C.High expenditures of Asians on grocery.D.Low earnings of the other groups.62.What are the benefits ofAmericansgrowing appetite for Asian foods?A. The increasing sales and popularity ofAsian foods.B.The expansion of Latin food market.C.The growing fondness of cooking.D.The AmeriCansgood cooking skills ofAsian foods.63.Whhat are the reasons for the unreachability ofAsian groceries to Americans?A. AmeriCansdislike to Asian foods.B. Asiansunwillingness to do business with AmeriCans.C. The poor shopping environment and confusing English introduction of the goods.D. Americansdislike to the English introduction of the goods.64.What do Asian do to develop their groceries?A. Open stores in suburbs and improve shopping environment.B. Market shops to more AmeriCans.C. Make use of the mass media.D.All ofthe above.65.What call be inferred fiom this passage?n supermarkets will become more and more popular.B. Latin foods are less popular than Asian foods.C.Americansincomes are lower than the Asians.D.H Mart is all American international supermarket chain.。
英语四级阅读理解练习题与其解析
英语四级阅读理解练习题及解析【阅读练习】What is it about Americans and food? We love to eat ,but we feel 1 about it afterward. We say we want on ly the best, but we strangely enjoy junkfood. We’re 2 with health and weight loss but face an unprecede nted epidemic of obesity(肥胖). Perhaps the 3 to this ambivalence(矛盾情结) lies in our history. The first Europeans cameto this c ontinent searching for new spices but went in vain. Th e first cash crop(经济作物)wasn’t eaten but smoked. Then there was Prohibi tion, intended to prohibit drinking butactually encour aging more 4 ways of doing it.The immigrant experience, too, has been one of inha rmony. Do as Romans do meanseating what “real A mericans” eat, but our nation’s food has come to be 5 by imports—pizza,say, or hot dogs. And some of the country’s most treasured cooking comes from p eople whoarrived here in shackles.Perhaps it should come as no surprise then that food has been a medium for the nation’sdefining struggl es, whether at the Boston Tea Party or the sit?ins at so uthern lunch counters.It is integral to our concepts of health and even morality whether one refrains from a lcohol forreligious reasons or evades meat for politica l 6But strong opinions have not brought 7 . Americans ar e ambivalent about what they putin their mouths. W e have become 8 of our foods, especially as we lear n more about what theycontain.The 9 in food is still prosperous in the American consci ousness. It’s no coincidence, then,that the first Than ksgiving holds the American imagination in such bon dage(束缚). It’s whatwe eat—and how we 10 it with friends, f amily, and strangers—that help define America as ac ommunity today.A. answer I. creativeB. result J. beliefC. share K. suspiciousD. guilty L. certaintyE. constant M. obsessedF. defined N. identifyG. vanish O. idealsH. adapted【答案及详解】1. D feel是一个系动词，可以判断此处应填入一个形容词，通过上下文意思，以及后面介词about, 可以确定选项为D项guilty, 短语feel guilty about sth. “对……感到有愧”。
英语四级阅读理解练习题及解析
英语四级阅读理解练习题及解析(1)【阅读练习】What is it about Americans and food? We love to eat,but we feel 1 about it afterward. We say we want only the bes t, but we strangely enjoy junkfood.We’re 2 with health an d weight loss but face an unprecedented epidemic of obesity(肥胖). Perhaps the 3 to this ambivalence(矛盾情结) lies in our history. The first Europeans cameto this con tinent searching for new spices but went in vain. The first cash crop经(济作物)wasn’t eaten but smoked. Then there was Prohibition, i ntended to prohibit drinking butactually encouraging more 4 ways of doing it.The immigrant experience, too, has been one of inharmony.Do as Romans do meanseating what ―real Americans‖ e at, but our nation’s food has come to be 5 by import—s piz za,say, or hot dogs. And some of thecountry’s most treas ured cooking comes from people whoarrived here in shack les.Perhaps it should come as no surprise then that food has been a medium for the nation’sdefining struggles, whether at the Boston Tea Party or the sit?ins at southern lunch c ounters.It is integral to our concepts of health and even m orality whether one refrains from alcohol forreligious reaso ns or evades meat for political 6But strong opinions have not brought 7 . Americans are a mbivalent about what they putin their mouths. We have b ecome 8 of our foods, especially as we learn more about what theycontain.The 9 in food is still prosperous in the American conscious ness. It’s no coincidence, then,that the first Thanksgiving holds the American imagination in such bondage( 束缚). It’s whatwe eat—and how we 10 it with friends, famil y, and strangers—that help define America as acommunity today.A.answer I. creativeB.result J. beliefC.share K. suspiciousD.guilty L. certaintyE.constant M. obsessedF.defined N. identifyG.vanish O. idealsH.adapted【答案及详解】1. D feel 是一个系动词，可以判断此处应填入一个形容词，通过上下文意思，以及后面介词about, 可以确定选项为D 项guilty, 短语feel guilty about sth. 对……感到有愧‖。
大学英语四级阅读理解试题篇含答案
大学英语四级阅读理解试题篇含答案Document serial number【UU89WT-UU98YT-UU8CB-UUUT-UUT108】大学英语四级阅读理解试题40篇之一（含答案）There are three kinds of goals: short-term,medium-range andlong-term goals. Short-range goals are those that usually deal with current activities,which we can apply on a daily goalscan be achieved in a week or less,or two weeks,or possible should be remembered that just as a building is no strongerthan its foundation ,out long-term goals cannot amount to very munch without the achievement of solid short-term completingour short-term goals,we should date the occasion and then add new short-term goals that will build on those that have been completed.The intermediate goals bukld on the foundation of theshort-range might deal with just one term of school or theentire school year,or they could even extend for several time you move a step at a time,you should never allow yourself to become discouraged or overwhelmed. As you complete eachstep,you will enforce the belief in your ability to grow adnas your list of completion dates grow,your motivation anddesire will increase.Long-range goals may be related to our dreams of the future. They might cover five years or more. Life is not a staticshould never allow a long-term goal to limit us or our course of action.long-term goals mean a lot______.we complete our short-range goalswe cannot reach solid short-term goalswe write down the dateswe put forward some plansshort-term goals are bulid upon______.years goalsactivities goals that have been completedwe complete each step of our goals ,______.will win final successare overwhelmedshould build up confidence of successshould strong desire for setting new goalsour goals are drawn up,_______.should stick to them until we complete themmay change our goals as we have new ideas and opportunities had better wait for the exciting news of successhave made great decisionis implied but not stated in the passage that ______.who habe long-term goals will succeeddown the dates may discourage yougoal is only a guide for us to reach our desinationshould have a goal答案：adcbc大学英语四级阅读理解试题40篇之二（含答案）The economy of the United states after 1952 was the econnomy of a well-fed,almost fully employed people. Despit occasional alarms, the country escaped any postwar depression and lived in a state of boom. A n economic survey of the year 1955, atypical year of the 1950’s, may be typical a s illustrating the rapid economic growth of the decade. The national output was value at 10 percent above that of 1954 (1955 output wasestimated at 392 billion dollars). The production of manufacturers was about 40 percent more than it had averaged in the years immediately following World War 2. The country’s business spent about 30billion dollars for new factories and machinery. National income available for spending was almost a third greater than it had been it had been in 1950. Consumers spent about 256 billion dollars; that is about 700 milliondollars a day ,or about twenty-five million dollars every hour , all round the clock. Sixty-five million people held jobs andonly a little more than two million wanted jobs but could notfind them . Only agriculture complained that it was not sharing in the room. To some observers this was an ominous echo of the mid-1920’s . As farmer’s shre of their products declined , marketing costs rose. But there were , among the observers of the national economy, a few who were not as confident as the majority . Those few seemed to fear that the boom could notlast and would eventually lead to the oppsite-depression.1. What is the best title of the passagea. The Agriculatural Trends of 1950’sb. The Unemployment Rate of 1950’sc. . Economy in the 50’sd. The Federal Budget of 19522. In Line 3, the word “boom” could best be replaced by______.a. nearby explosionb. thunderous noisec. general public supportd. rapid economic growth3. It can be inferred the national from the passage that most people in the United States in 1955 viewed the national economy with an air of _________.a. confidenceb. confusionc. disappointmentd. suspicion4. Which of the following were LEAST satisfied with thenationa l economy in the 1950’sa. Economistsb. Frmaersc. Politiciansd. Steelworkers5. The passage states that incom available for spending in the . was greater in 1955 than in 1950 . How much was ita. 60％b. 50％c. 33％d. 90％答案：cdabc大学英语四级阅读理解试题40篇之三（含答案）Women are also underrepresented in the administration and thisis because there are so few women full professors. In1985,Regent Beryl Milburn produced a report blasting the University of Texas System adminitration for not encouraging University was rated among the lowest for the a 1987update ,Milburn commended the progress that was made and called for even more improvement.One of the positive results from her study was a System-wide program to inform women of available administrative jobs.College of Communication Associate Dean PatricaWitherspoon,said it is important that woman be flexible when it comesto relocating if they want to rise in the ranks.Although a woman may face a chilly climate on campus , manytimes in order for her to succeed , she must rise above the problems around her and concentrate on her work.Until women make up a greater percentage of the seniorpositions in the University and all academia,inequities will exist."Women need to spend their energies and time doing scholarly activities that are important here at the University." Spirduso said. "If they do that will be successful in this they spend their time in little groups mourning the sexual discrimination that they think exists here, they are wasting valuable study time."to Spirduso,women need to ____.a report on sexual discriminationfor further improvement in their working conditionstheir energies and time fighting against sexual discrimination more time and energy doing scholarly activitiesthis passage ,we know that _____.are many women full professors in the University of Texasplay an important part in adminitrating the Universityweather on the campus is chillymake up a small percentage of the senior positions in the Universityof the following statements is truenumber of women professors in the University in 1987 was greater than that of 1985number of women professors in the University in 1987 was smaller than that of 1985number of women professors was the same as that of 1985and more women professors thought that sexual discrimination did exit in the Universityof the positive results from Milburn's study was that _____. were told to con centrate on teir workwere given information about available administrative jobswere encouraged to take on all the administrative jobs in the Unversitywere encouraged to do more scholarly activities5. The title for this passage should be _______.University of Texas's ReportProfessorsDiscrimination in Academia答案：ddabd大学英语四级阅读理解试题40篇之四（含答案）Today ,as in every other day of the year ,more than 3000 . adlescents will smoke their first cigarette on their way to becoming regular smokers as adults. During their lifetime,it can be expected that of these 3000 about 23 will be murdered,30 will die in traffic accidents, and nearly 750 will be killed by a smoking-related disease. The number of deaths attributed to cigarette smoking outweithts all other factors, whether voluntary or involuntary, as a cause of death.Since the late 1970s, when daily smoking among high school seniors reached 30 precent , smoking rates among youth have declined . While the decline is impressive ,several important issues must be raised.First, in the past several years,smoking rates among youth have declined very little. Second,in the late 1970s ,smoking among male high school seniors exceeded that among female by nearly 10 percent . The statistic is ,several recent studies have indicate high school dropouts have excessively high smoking rates, as much as 75 percent .Finally, thouth significant declines in adolescent smoking have occurred in the past decade,no definite reasons for the decline exist. Within this context,the Naional Cancer Instiute (NCI)began its current effort to determine the most effecive measures to reduce smoking levesl among youth.to the author, the deaths among youth are mainly caused by _____.accidentsdeseaseof theseday there are over_____high school strdents who will become regular smoker."dropout" the author means______.who failed the examinationwho left schoolwho lost their waywho were driven out of schoolreason for declining adolescent smoking is that ________.has taken effective measuresis prevented among high school seniorsare many smokers who have died of cancerof theseis implied but not stated by the author is that ________.rates among youth have declined very littleare now more female than male smokers among high schoolseniorssmoking rates are due to the incease in wealthat high school are from low socio-economic backgrounds答案：bdbdb大学英语四级阅读理解试题40篇之五（含答案）The food we eat seems to have profound effects on our science has made enormous steps in making food more fit to eat ,it has, at the same time,made many foods unfit to eat. Some researchhas shown that perhaps eighty percent of all human illnessesare related to diet and forty percent of cancer is related tothe diet as well,especially cancer of the colon. Different cultures are more likely to cause certain different illnesses because of the food that is characteristic in these cultures. That food is related to illness is nto a new discovery. In 1945, about 35 years ago, government researchers realized that nitrates, commonly used to preserve color in meats,and otherfood additivies,caused cancer. Yet, these carcinogenicadditives remain in our food, and it becomes more difficult all the time to know which things on the packaging labels of processed food are helpful or harmful. The additives which weeat are not all so direct. Farmers often give penicillin tobeef and living animals, and because of this ,penicillin has been found in the milk of treated cow. Sometimes similar drugs are given to animals not for medical purposes,but for financial reasons. The farmers are simply trying to fatten the animals in order to obtain a higher price on the market. Although the Food and Drug Administration(FDA) has tried repeatedly to control these procedures, the practices continue.is the best possible title of the passageand Foodand Healthand Healthand Drugof the following statements is NOT tureare always given to animals for medical reasonsof the additives in our food are added to the food itself and some are given to the living animalshave known about the potential dangers of food additives for over thirty-five years.may cause forty percent of cancer in world.has science done something harmful to mankindof science , diseases caused by polluted food haven been virtually eliminated.has caused a lack of information concerning the value of food. of the application of science,some potentially harmful substances have been added to food.scientists have preserved the color of meats,but not of vegetables.are nitrates used forpreserve flavor in packaged foods.preserve the color of meats.are the objects of research.cause the animals to become fatter.word 'carcinogenic' most nearly means '_____'.答案：cacbd大学英语四级阅读理解试题40篇之六（含答案）As the pace of life continues to increase ,we are fast losing the art of relaxation. Once you are in the habit of rushing through lift,being on the go from morning till night, it is hard to slow down. But relaxation is essential for a healthy mind and body.Stress is an natural part of everyday lift and there is no way to avoid it. In fact ,it is not the bad thing it is oftensupposed to be .A certain amount of stress is vital to provide motivation adn give purpose to life. It is only when the stress gets out of control that it can lead to poor performance andill health.The amount of stress a person can withstand depends very much on the individual. Some people are not afraid of stress,and such characters are obviously prime material for managerial responsibilities. Others lose heart at the first signs of unusual difficulties. When exposed to stress,in whateverform,we react both chemically and physically. In fact we make choice between "fight" or "flight" and in more primitive days the choice made the difference between life or death. Thecrises we meet today are unlikely to be so extreme,but however little the stress,it involves the same response. It is when such a reaction lasts long,through continued exposure to stress,that health becomes serious conditions as high blood pressure and heart disease have established links with we cannot remove stress from our lives(it would be unwise to do so even if we could),we need to find ways to deal with it.are finding less and less time for relaxing themselves because_____.do not know how to enjoy themselvesdo not believe that relaxation is important for healthare travelling fast all the timeare becoming busier with their workto the writer ,the most important character for a good manager is his ________.fearing stressthe art of relaxationsense of responsibilitycontrol over performanceof the follwing statements is turecan find some ways to avoid stressis always harmful to peopleis easy to change the hagit of keeping oneself busy with work. people can withstand different amounts of stressParagraph 3, "such a reaction" refers back to_______.a."making a choice between 'flight' or 'fight'"b."reaction to stress both chemically and physically"c."responding to crises quickly"d."losing heart at the signs difficulties"the last sentence of the passage,"do so " refers to ______.a."expose ourselves to stress"b."find ways to deal with stress"c."remove stress from our lives"d."established links between diseases and stress"答案：dadbc大学英语四级阅读理解试题40篇之七（含答案）In the 1960s, many young Americans were dissatisfied with American society. They wanted to end the Vietnam War and to make all of the people in the . epual. Some of them decided to "drop out" of American society and form their own societies . They formed utopian communities , which they called "communes," where they could follow their philosophy of "do your own thing." A group of artists founded a commune in southern Colorado called "Drop City." Following the ideas of philosopher and architect Buckminster Fuller they built domeshaped houses from pieces of old cars. Other groups, such as author Ken Kesey's Merry Pranksters, the followers fo San Francisco poet Steve Gakin, and a group that called itself the Hog Farm, lived in old school huses and traveled around the United States. The Hog Farm become famous when they helped organize the Woodstock Rock Festival in 1969. Steve Gaskin's followers tried to settledown on a farm in Tennessee, but they had to leave when some members of the gruop were arrested for growing marijuana.Not all communes believed in the philosophy of "do you own thing," however . Twin Oaks , a commune founded in Virgiania in the late 1960s, was based on the ideas of psychologist The people who lived at Twin Oaks were carefully controlled by Skinner's "conditioning" techniques to do things that were good for the community. In 1972, Italian architect Paolo Soleri began to build Arcosanti, a utopian city Arizsona where 2500 people will live closely together in one large building called an "archology" Soleri believes that people must live closely together so that they will all become one.did some young Americans decide to "drop out" of scoiety during the 1960swere not satisfied with American society.wanted to grow marijuana.wanted to go to the Vietnam War.did not want all people to be equal.did the members of the Hog Farm commune livedome-shaped houseold school husesa farm inTennesseean archology in Arizonagave the people of Drop City the idea to bulid dome-shaped houseSoleriGaskinFullerwas the Twin Oaks commune base onphilosophy of "do your own thing"in the late 1960sideas of psychologistbelief that people must live closely togerher.is an "archology"person who studies archaeologylarge building where people live closely togethercity in A rizonatechnique to contorl people答案：abdcb大学英语四级阅读理解试题40篇之八（含答案）There are two factors which determine an individual's intelligence. The first is the sort of brain he is born with.Human brains differ considerably, some being more capable than others. But no matter how good a brain he has to begin with, an individual will have a low order of intelligence unless he has opportunities to learn. So the second factor is what happens to the individual—the sort of environment in which he is reared. If an individual is handicapped envionmentally ,it is likely that his brain will fail to develop and he will never attain the level of intelligence of which he is capable.The importance of environment in determining an individual's intellingence can be demonstrated by the case history of the identical twins, Peter and Mark X. Being identical, the twins had identical brains at birth, and their growth processes were the same. When the twins were three months old , their parents died, and they were placed in separate foster homes. Peter was reated by parents of low intelligence in an isolatedcommunity with poor educational was reared inthe home of well-to-do parents who had been to college. He was read to as a child , sent to good schools, and given every opportunity to be stimulated enviromental difference continued until the twins were in their late teens, when they were giben tesets to measure their intelligence. Mark's . was 125, twenty-five points higher than the average and fully forty points higherthan his identical brother. Given equal opportunities , the twins , having identical brains,would have tested at roughly the same level.selection can best be titled_________.Your Intelligenceand EnvironmentCase of Peter and Markthe brain Influences Intelligencebeststatement of the main idea of this passage is that _____. brains differ considerablybrain a person is born with is improtant in determining his intelligenceis crucial in determining a person's intelligenced. persons having identical brains will have roughly the same intelligenceto the passage , the average _____.case history of the twins appears to support the conclusion that _______.with identical brains seldom test at same levelindividual's intelligence is determined only by his enviroment of opportunity blocks the growth of intelligenceof enviroment produce changes in the structure of the brainpassage suggests that an individual 's be predicted at birth the same throuthout his lifebe increased by educationdetermined by his childhood答案：bcbcc大学英语四级阅读理解试题40篇之九（含答案）As she walked round the huge department store,Edith reflected how difficult it was to choose a suitable Christmas present for her wish that he was as easy to please as her mother, who was always delighted with perfumeBesides,shoppong at this time of the year was a most disgreeable experience :people trod on your toes,poked you with their elbows and almost knocked you overin their haste to get to a bargain ahead of you.Partly to have a rest, Edith paused in front of a counter where some attracive ties were on display. "They are real silk," the assistant assured her, trying to tempt her. "Worth double theprice." But edit knew from past experience that her choice of ties hardly ever pleased her father.She moved on reluctantly and then quite by chance, stopped where a small crowd of man had gathered round a counter. She found some good quality pipes on sale-----and the prices were very reasonable. Edith did not hesitate for long : although her father only smoked a pipe occasionally, she knew that this was a present which was bund to please him.When she got home,with her small well-chosen present concealed in her handbag, her parents were already at the supper table. Her mother was in an especially cheerful mood, "Your father has at last to decided to stop smoking." She informed her daughter. 's father _______.not like presentgot presenttiesdifficult to choose a present forassistant spoke to Edith because she seemed_______.in tiesneed of comfortstopped at the next counter_________.'s father smoked a pipe_______.he was obligedsocial occasionstime to timehe was delightedwas very disagreeable at that time of the year because_______. trod on each other's toespoked each other with their elbowsknocked each otherwere doing their shopping in a great hurry答案：dbdcd大学英语四级阅读理解试题40篇之十（含答案）If the population of the earth goes on increasing at its present rate, there will eventually not be enough resources left to sustain life on the the middle of the 21st century,if present trends continue, we will have used up all the oil that drives our cars,for if scientists develop new ways of feedingthe human race,the crowded conditions on earth will make it necessary for lus to look for open space somewhere else. But none of the other planets in our solar system are capable of supporting life at present. One possible solution to the problem, however,has recently been suggested by American scientist, Professor Carl Sagan.Sagan believes that before the earth's resources are compleetely exhausted it will be possible to change the atmophere of Venus and so create a new world almost as large as earth itself. The difficult is that Venus is much hotter than the earth and there is only a tiny amount of water there.Sagan proposes that algae organisms that can live in extremely hot or cold atmospheres and at the same time produceoxygen,should be bred in condition similar to those on soon as this has been done, the algae will be placed in small rockets. Spaceship will then fly to Venus and fire the rockets into the atmosphere .In a fairly short time, the alge will break down the carbon dioxide into oxygen and carbon.When the algae have done theri work, the atmosphere will become cooler,but befor man can set foot on Venus it will be neccessary for the oxygen to produce rain. The surface of the planet will still be too hot for man to land on it but the rainwill eventually fall and in a few years something like earth will be reproduced on Venus.long run, the most insoluble problem caused by population growth on earth will probably be the lack of ______.Sagan believes that Venus might be colonized from earth because _____might be possible to change its atmosphereatmosphere is the same as the earth'sis a good supply of water on Venusdays on Venus are long enoughVenus there is a lot of ________.dioxidemonoxideare plants that can____.in very hot temperaturesin very cold temperaturesoxygenof the above5. Man can land on Venus only when_______.algae have done their workatmosphere becomes cooleroxygenrains there答案：cabdd大学英语四级阅读理解试题40篇之十一（含答案）What is your favourite colour Do you like yellow , orange ,red If you do ,you must be an optimist, a leader, an active person who enjoys life, people and excitement. Do you prefer greys and blues Then you are probably quiet,shy, and you would rather follow than lead. You tend to be a pessimist. At least, this is what psychologists tell us, and they should know,because they have been seriously studying the meaning of colours preference, as well as the effect that colours have on human beings. They tells us, among other facts,that we do not choose our favourite clour as we grow up----we are born with our you happen to love brown, you did so, as soon as you opened your eyes, or at least as soon as you could see clearly.Colours do influence our moods----there is no doubt about it .A yellow room makes most people feel more cheerful and more relaxed than a dark green one; and a red dress brings warmth and cheer to the saddest winter day. On the other hand ,blackis depressing. A black bridge over the Thames River, near London, used to be the scene of more suicides than any other bridge in the area ----until it was repainter number of suicide attempts immediately fell sharply ;perhaps it would have fallen even more if the bridge had been done in pink or baby blue.Light and bright colours make people not only hppier but more active. It is an established fact that factory workers work better,harder ,and have fewer accidents when their machines are painted orange rather than black or grey.1."You would rather follow than red" means_______.don't like to follow otherswould be a member rather than a leaderwould be afraid of following otherswould like to be a leader rather than a followerone enjoys life, one is sure to prefer________.to yellowto orangeto greyto yellow3."They tell us, among other facts,that we don't choose our favourite colours as we grow up." "Among other facts"means______.other factsregard to other factsconsidering other factsto other factsof the following is facts's preference of one colour to another is instinct's preference of one colour to another is acquired as they grow up.people happen to love brown because they saw something brown when they were bornhave little influence on our moodswho committed suicide preferred the bridge over the Thames River near london to others because of _______.shapestructurecolourbuilding materials答案：bcaac大学英语四级阅读理解试题40篇之十二（含答案）Social customs and ways of behaving change. Things which were considered impolite many years ago are now acceptable. Just a few years ago, it was considered impolite behaviour for a man to smoke on street. No man who thought of himself by smoking when a lady was in a room.Customs also differ from country to country. Does a man walk on the left or the right of a woman in your country Or doesn't it matter Should you use both hands when you are eating Should leave one in your lap,or on the tableThe Americans and the British not only speak the same language but also share a large number of social customs. For example,in both America and England people shake hands when they meet each other for the first time. Also, most Englishmen will open a door for a wonman or offer their seat to a woman , and sowill most Americans. Promptness is important both in England and in America. That is , if a dinner invitation is for 7o'clock , the dinner guest either arrives close to that time or calls up to explain his delay.The important thing to remember about social customs is not to do anything that might make other people feel uncomfortable-----especially if they are your guests. When the food was served , one of the guests strated to eat his peas with a knife . The。
(完整版)英语四级阅读理解练习题及解析.docx
.英语四级阅读理解练习题及解析(1)【阅读练习】What is it about Americans and food? We love toeat ,but we feel 1 about it afterward. We say we want only the best, but we strangely enjoy junkfood.We’re 2 with health and weight loss but face an unprecedented epidemic of obesity(肥胖 ). Perhaps the 3 to this ambivalence(矛盾情结) lies in our history. The first Europeans cametothis continent searching for new spices but went in vain. The first cash crop(经济作物)wasn’t eaten but smoked. Then there was Prohibition, intended to prohibit drinking butactually encouraging more 4 ways of doing it.The immigrant experience, too, has been one of inharmony. Do as Romans do meanseating what“real Amer icans ” eat, but our nation ’s food has come to be5 by imports—pizza,say, or hot dogs. And some of the country ’s most treasured cooking comes from peo ple whoarrived here in shackles.Perhaps it should come as no surprise then that food has been a medium for the nation ’sdefining strug gles, whether at the Boston Tea Party or the sit?ins at southern lunch counters.It is integral to ourconcepts of health and even morality whether onere frains from alcohol forreligious reasons or evadesmeat for political 6But strong opinions have not brought 7 . Americansare ambivalent about what they putin their mouths.We have become 8 of our foods, especially as welea rn more about what theycontain.The 9 in food is still prosperous in the American c onsciousness. It ’s no coincidence, then,that the f irst Thanksgiving holds the American imagination in such bondage( 束缚 ). It ’s whatwe eat—and how we 10 it with friends, family, and strangers—that help define Americaas acommunity today.A. answer I. creativeB. result J. beliefC. share K. suspiciousD. guilty L. certaintyE. constant M. obsessedF. defined N. identifyG. vanish O. idealsH. adapted【答案及解】1.D feel 是一个系，可以判断此填入一个形容，通上下文意思，以及后面介about, 可以确定D guilty,短feel guilty about sth.“ ⋯⋯感到有愧”。
大学英语四级阅读习题及答案
大学英语四级阅读习题及答案大学英语四级阅读习题(一)1、A2、D3、C4、C5、B大学英语四级阅读习题答案Acculturation, which begins at birth, is the process of teaching new generations of children the customs and values of the parents culture. How people treat newborns, for example, can be indicative of cultural values. In the United States it is not uncommon for parents to put a newborn in a separate room that belongs only to the child. This helps to preserve parents privacy and allows the child to get used to having his or her own room, which is seen as a first step toward personal independence. Americans traditionally have held independence and a closely related value, individualism, in high esteem. Parents try to instill these prevailing values in their children. American English expresses these value preferences: children should "cut the (umbilical) cord" and are encouraged not to be "tied to their mothers apron strings." In the process of their socialization children learn to "look out for number one" and to "stand on their own two feet".Many children are taught at a very early age to make decisions and be responsible for their actions. Often children work for money outside the home as a first step to establishing autonomy. Nine-or ten-year-old children may deliver newspapers in their neighborhoods and save or spend their earnings. Teenagers (13 to 18 years) may baby-sit neighbors homes in order to earn a few dollar a week. Receiving a weekly allowance at an early age teaches children to budget their money, preparing them for future financial independence. Many parents believe that managing money helps children learn responsibility as well as appreciate the value of money.21. According to this passage, the way people treat newborns _____.A) is a sign of their customsB) is an indication of their level of knowledgeC) symbolizes their social systemD) varies from culture to culture22. The expression, "to cut the cord", is used to show that _____.A) children dont like their parentsB) parents dont feel close to their childrenC) parents would not like to live together with their childrenD) independence from ones family is an important personal goal in USA23. Children who are "tied to the apron strings" _____.A) are caught in their mothers apronsB) must always wear an apron when they eatC) are very dependent on their mothersD) are independent from their parents24. American people often let their children work for money outside the home at a very early age because _____.A) children have to earn money to help the familyB) they need more moneyC) they want them to begin establishing autonomyD) children have to save money for future use25. It can be inferred from this passage that _____.A) Americans are money loversB) Americans admire independenceC) Americans are good at decision-makingD) Americans are all responsible大学英语四级阅读习题(二)Long after the 1998 World Cup was won, disappointed fans were still cursing the disputed refereeing (裁判) decisions that denied victory to their team. A researcher was appointed to study the performance of some top referees.The researcher organized an experimental tournament (锦标赛) involving four youth teams. Each match lasted an hour, divided into three periods of 20 minutes during which different referees were in charge.Observers noted down the referees errors, of which there were 61 over the tournament. Converted to a standard match of 90 minutes, each referee made almost 23 mistakes, a remarkably high number.The researcher then studied the videotapes to analyse the matches in detail. Surprisingly, he found that errors were more likely when the referees were close to the incident. When the officials got it right, they were, on average, 17 meters away from the action. The average distance in the case of errors was 12 meters. The research shows the optimum (最佳的) distance is about 20 meters.There also seemed to be an optimum speed. Correct decisions came when the referees were moving at a speed of about 2 meters per second. The average speed for errors was 4 meters per second.If FIFA, footballs international ruling body, wants to improve the standard of refereeing at the next World Cup, it should encourage referees to keep their eyes on the action from a distance, rather than rushing to keep up with the ball, the researcher argues.He also says that FIFAs insistence that referees should retire at age 45 may be misguided. If keeping up with the action is not so important, their physical condition is less critical.21. The experiment conducted by the researcher was meant to ________.A) review the decisions of referees at the 1998 World CupB) analyse the causes of errors made by football refereesC) set a standard for football refereeingD) reexamine the rules for football refereeing22. The number of refereeing errors in the experimental matches was ________.A) slightly above averageB) higher than in the 1998 World CupC) quite unexpectedD) as high as in a standard match23. The findings of the experiment show that ________.A) errors are more likely when a referee keeps close to the ballB) the farther the referee is from the incident, the fewer the errorsC) the more slowly the referee runs, the more likely will errors occurD) errors are less likely when a referee stays in one spot24. The word “officials” (Line 2, Para. 4) most probably refers to ________.A) the researchers involved in the experimentB) the inspectors of the football tournamentC) the referees of the football tournamentD) the observers at the site of the experiment25. What is one of the possible conclusions of the experiment?A) The ideal retirement age for an experienced football referee is45.B) Age should not be the chief consideration in choosing a football referee.C) A football referee should be as young and energetic as possible.D) An experienced football referee can do well even when in poor physical condition.。
大学英语英语四级练习卷(最后+答案) (4)
大学英语四级试练习卷一、阅读理解阅读理解（一）No one knows exactly how many disabled people there are in the world,but estimates suggest the figure is over 450million. The number of disabled people in India alone is probably more than double the total population of Canad A. In the united Kingdom,about one in ten people have somedisability.Disability is not just something tht happens to other people:as we get older,many of us will become less mobile,hard of hearing or have failing eyesight. Disablement can take many forms and occur at any time of life.Some people are born with disabilities.Many others become disabled as they get older.There are many progressive disabling diseases.The longer time goes on,the worse they become.Some people are disabled in accidents. Many others may have a period of disability in the form of a mental illness.All are affected by people's attitude towards them. Disabled people face many physical barriers.Next time you go shopping or to work or visit friends,imagine how you would manage if you could not get up steps,or on to buses and trains.How would you cope if you could not see where you were going or could not hear the traffic? But there are other barriers:prejudice can be even harder to break down and ignorance inevitably represents by far the greatest barrier of all. It is almost impossible for the able-bodied to fuly appreciate what the severely disabled go through,so it is important to draw attention to these barriers and show that it is the individual person and their ability,not theirdisability,which counts.1.The first paragraph points out that______.A.there are many disabled people in the worldB.the number of disabled people in India is the greatestC.India has much more disabled people that CanadaD.it is impossible to get an exact figure of the world's disabled people2.The key word in paragraph 4 is _____.A.disabilityB.ignoranceC.prejudiceD.barriers3.The last word of the "counts" most probably means_____.A.is most importantB.is consideredC.is includedD.is numbered4.Which of the following statements is not true?A.even the able-bodied many lose some of their body functions when they get older.B.there are about 10 percent disabled persons in the UK.C.the whole society should pay due attention to the barriers faced by the disabled peopleD.there still exists prejudice against the disabled which results mainly from ignorance5.It can be concluded from the that____.A.we should try our best to prevent disablementB.both physical and metal barriers are hard to break downC.we just take a proper attitude towards the disabledD.the able-bodies people will never fully understand the disabled 30/200 阅读理解（二）Flying over a desert area in an airplane, two scientists looked down with trained eyes at trees and bushes. After an hour's flight one of the scientists wrote in his book, 'Look here for probable metal' Scientists in another airplane, flying over a mountain region,sent a message to other scientists on the ground,'Gold possible.' Walking across hilly ground, four scientists reported,'This ground should be searched for metals.' From an airplane over a hilly wasteland a scientist sent back by radio one word,'Uranium'. None of the scientists had X-ray eyes: they had no magic powers for looking down below the earth's surface. They were merely putting to use one of the newest methods of location minerals in the ground---using trees and plants as signs that certain minerals may lie beneath the ground on which the trees and plants are growing. This newest method of searching for minerals is based on the fact that minerals deep in the earth may affect the kind of bushes and trees that grow on the surface.At Watson Bar Creek, a brook six thousand feet high in the mountains of British Columbia, Canada,a mineral search group gathered bags of tree seeds. Boxed were filled with small banches from te trees. Roots were dug and put into boxes. Each bag and box was carefully markeD. In a scientific laboratory the parts of the forest trees were burned to ashes and tested .Each small part was examined to learn whether there were minerals in it. Study of the roots , branches,and seeds showed no silver. But there were small amounts of gold in the roots and a little less gold in the branches and seeds. The seeds growing nearest to the tree trunk had more gold than those growing on the ends of the branches. If the trees had not indicated that there was gold in the ground, the scientists would not have spent money to pay for digginginto the deeper. They did dig and found more fold below. They dug deeper. They found large quantities of gold.1.Scientists were flying over a desert or hilly wasteland or a mountain region in order to search for _____ in the ground.A.goldB.silverC.metalsD.minerals2.The study of trees,branches and roots indicates that_______.A.there were larger amounts of gold in the branches than in the seeds.B.there were small amounts of gold in the roots than in the branchesC.there were larger amounts of gold in the seeds growing nearest to the tree trunk than seeds growing on the ends of branches.D.there were more gold in the branches than in the roots3.Which is the best title ?A.Scientists searching for metals with sepcial powerB.New methods of searching for mineralsC.Gold could be found by trees and plantsD.A new method of searching for minerals---using trees and plants4.Which of the following is not mentioned as part of a tree that can help find minerals?A.leavesB.rootsC.branchesD.seeds5.The scientists were searching for minerals by using ______.A.X-rayB.magic powerC.a special instrumentD.trained eyes阅读理解（三）Asked to name their favorite city, many Amerians would select San Francisco began as a small Spanish outpost located on a magnificent bay.The town was little more than a village serving ranchers when the United States tookpossession of it in 1846 during the war with Mexico. San Francisco sprang into a city overnight because of the nearby discovery of gold in 1848.A great rush to California took place.Wagon trains plodded their dangerous way across 2000 miles of prairie and mountains,while hundreds of sailing vessels made the equally hazardous trip around the Horn.The vessels disgorged thousands of passengers -- then the crews deserted teir ship and hundreds of vessels were left to rot in thebay.Within two years,California had enough population to become a state and San Francisco was for many years the hub of that newly-arrived population. The city’s present popularity is due to an excellent climate, an easy style of living ,good food,and numerous tourist attractions. The city is famous for its cable cars which "clang and bang" up the steep hills,and for its excellent seafood stals along the wharf. Most visitors arriving from nations in the Pacific Basin spend several days getting to know the town.1.According to this article, who were the first Californians?A.deserters from sailing shipsB.spanish ranchersC.gold minersD.tourists2.san francisco’s appeal includes all of the following factors____.A.attractive lifestyle,good seafood,desirable weatherB.tourist attactions,extreme seasons,cable carsC.wagon trains,gold mining,good climateD.cable cars,pleasent climate,flat terrain3.san francisco today is a thriving city because of ____.A.heavy industryernmental headquartersC.goldminingD.trade and tourism4.In waht year did California become an American state?A.1850B.1852C.1846D.1848二、完型填空完型填空（一）If you were to begin a new job tomorrow, you would bring with you some basic strengths andweaknesses. Success or (1) in your work would depend, to (2) great extent, (3) your ability to use yourstrengths and weaknesses to the best advantage. (4) the utmost importance is your attitude. A person (5)begins a job convinced that he isn't going to like it or is (6) that he is going to ail is exhibiting aweakness which can only hinder his success. On the other hand, a person who is secure (7) his belief thathe is probably as capable (8) doing the work as anyone else and who is willing to make a cheerfulattempt (9) it possesses a certain strength of purpose. The chances are that he will do well.(10) the prerequisite skills for a particular job is strength. Lacking those skills is obviously aweakness. A book-keeper who can't add or a carpenter who can't cut a straight line with a saw (11)hopeless cases.This book has been designed to help you capitalize (12) the strength and overcome the (13) that youbring to the job of learning. But insgroupsto measure your development, you must first (14) -- stock ofswheres you stand now. (15) -- we get further along in the book, we’ll be (16) -- in some detail withspecific processes for developing and strengthening (17) -- skills. However, (18) -- begin with, youshould pause (19) -- examine your present strengths and weaknesses in three areas that are critical toyour success or failure in school: your (20) --, your reading and communication skills, and your studyhabits.1.A.improvement B.victory C. failure D. achievement2.A.a B.the C. some D. certain3.A.in B.on C. of D. to4.A.Out of B.Of C. To D. Into5.A.who B.what C. that D. which6.A.ensure B.certain C. sure D. surely7.A.onto B.on C. off D. in8.A.to B.at C. of D. for9.A.near B.on C. by D. at10.A.Have B.Had C. Having D. Had been11.A.being B.been C. are D. is12.A.except B.but C. for D. on13.A.idea B.weakness C. strength D. advantage14.A.make B.take C. do D. give15.A.as B.till C. over D. out16.A.deal B.dealt C. be dealt D. dealing17.A.learnt B.learned C. learning D. learn18.A.around B.to C. from D. beside19.A.to B.onto C. into D. with20.A.intelligence B.work C. attitude D. weakness完型填空（二）The rocket engine, with its steady roar like that of a waterfall or a thunderstorm, is an impressive symbol of the new space age.Rocket engines have 1 powerful enough to shoot astronauts 2 the earth's gravitational pull and 3 them on the moon.We have now become 4 space.Impressive and complex 5 it mayappear, the rocket, which was 6 in China over 800 years 7 , is a relatively simple device.Fuel that is 8 in the rocket engine changes 9 gas.The hot and rapidly 10 gas must escape, but it can do so only 11 an opening that 12 backwar D.As the gas is 13 with great force, it 14 the rocket in the 15 direction.Like the kick of a gun 16 it is fired, it 17 the laws of nature 18 by Sir Isaac Newton when he discovered that“ 19 every action, there is 20 equal and opposite reaction.”1.A.shown B.been C.appeared D.proved2.A.against B.despite C.beyond D.from3.A.send nd C.take D.carry4.A.travelers B.astronauts C.researchers D.explorers5.A.that B.so C.as D.sometimes6.A.made B.discovered C.developed D.invented7.A.in advance B.before C.earlier D.ago8.A.round B.contained C.stored D.burned9.A.as B.into C.for D.the10.A.heating B.escaping C.expanding D.conducting11.A.in B.at C.by D.through12.A.turns B.goes C.faces D.directs13.A.transmitted B.dispersed C.erected D.radiated14.A.attracts B.leads C.pulls D.pushes15.A.same B.other C.opposite D.wrong16.A.that B.when C.if D.although17.A.states B.proves C.follows D.breaks18.A.described B.discussed C.considered D.made19.A.like B.as C.with D.for20.A.no B.an C.another D.theCloze三、翻译1. 电影开演半小时了。
（完整版）英语四级阅读试题库含答案解析
（完整版）英语四级阅读试题库含答案解析英语四级阅读题库含答案解析1.Passage OneGlobal warming may or may not be the great environmental crisis of the 21 st century, but regardless of whether it is or isn ’t –we won ’t do much about it. We will argue overit and may even, as a nation, make some fairly solemn-sounding commitments to avoidit. But the more dramatic and meaningful these commitments seem, the less likely theyare to be observed.Al Gore calls global warmi ng an “inconvenient truth, ”as if merely recognizing it could put us on a path to a solution. But the real truth is that we don ’t know enough to relieve global warming, and –without major technological breakthroughs —we can ’t do much about it.From 2003 to 2050, the world ’s population is projected to grow from 6.4 billion to 9.1billion, a 42% increase. If energy use per person and technology remain the same, totalenergy use and greenhouse gas emissions (mainly, CO2) will be 42% higher in 2050. butthat ’s too low, because societies that grow richer use more energy. We need economicgrowth unless we condemn the world ’s poor to their present poverty and freeze everyone else‘s living standards. With modest growth, energy use and greenhouse emissions more than double by 2050.No government will adopt rigid restrictions on economicgrowth and personal freedom (limits on electricity usage, driving and travel) that might cut back global warming. Still, politicians want to show they ’re “doing something. ”Consi der the Kyoto Protocol (京都议定书). It allowed countries that joined to punish those that didn ’t. But it hasn ’t reduced CO2 emissions (up about 25% since 1990), and many signatories (签字国) didn ’t adopt tough enough policies to hit their 2008-2012 targets.The practical conclusion is that if global warming is a potential disaster, the only solution is new technology. Only an aggressive research and development program might find ways of breaking dependence on fossil fuels or dealing with it.The trouble with the global warming debate is that it has become a moral problem whenit ’s really an engineering one. The inconvenient truth is that if we don ’t solve the engineering problem, we ’re helpless.57. What is said about global warming in the first paragraph?A) It may not prove an environmental B) It is an issue requiring world wide crisis at all. commitments.C) Serious steps have been taken to avoid D) Very little will be done to bring it underor stop it. control.58. According to the author ’s understandin g, what is Al Gore ’s view on global warming?A) It is a reality both people and politicians are unaware of.B) It is a phenomenon that causes us many inconveniences.C) It is a problem that can be solved once it is recognized.D) It is an area we actually have little knowledge about.59. Green house emissions will more than double by 2050 because of _______.A) economic growth C) wasteful use of energyB) the widening gap between the rich and D) the rapid advances of science and poor technology60. The author believes that, since the signing of the Kyoto Protocol, ________.A) politicians have started to do something to better the situationB) few nations have adopted real tough measures to limit energy useC) reductions in energy consumption have greatly cut back global warmingD) international cooperation has contributed to solving environmental problems61. What is the message the author intends to convey?A) Global warming is more of a moral issue than a practical one.B) The ultimate solution to global warming lies in new technologyC) The debate over global warming will lead to technological breakthroughs.D) People have to give up certain material comforts to stop global warming.Passage TwoSomeday a stranger will read your e-mail without your permiss ion or scan the Websites you ’ve visited. Or perhaps someone will casually glance through your creditcard purchase or cell phone bills to find out your shopping preferences or calling habits.In fact, it ’s likely some of these things have already happened to you. Who wouldwatch you without your permission? It might be a spouse, agirlfriend, a marketing company, a boss, a cop or a criminal. Whoever it is, they will see you in a way you neverintended to be seen —the 21 st century equivalent of being caught naked.Psychologists tell us boundaries are healthy, that it ’s important to reveal yourself to friends, family and lovers in stages, at appropriate times. But few boundaries remain. The digital bread crumbs ( 碎屑) you leave everywhere make it easy for strangers to reconstruct who you are, where you are and what you like. In some cases, a simpleGoogle search can reveal what you think. Like it or not, increasingly we live in a worldwhere you simple cannot keep a secret.The key question is: Does that matter?When opinion polls ask Americans about privacy, most say they are concerned aboutlosing it. A survey found an overwhelming pessimism about privacy, with 60 percent ofrespondents saying they feel their privacy is “slipping away, and that b others me. ”But people say one thing and do another. Only a tiny fraction of Americans changeany behaviors in an effort to preserve their privacy. Few people turn down a discount attollbooths (收费站) to avoid using the EZ-Pass system that can track automobile movements. And few turn down supermarket loyalty cards. Privacy economist Alessandro Acquisti has run a series of tests that reveal people will surrender personal information like Social Security numbers just to get their hands on a pitiful 50-cents-offcoupon (优惠券).But privacy does matter –at least sometimes. It ’s like health: When you have it, youdon ’t notice it. Only when it ’s gone do you wish you ’d done more to protect it.62. What does the author mean by saying “the 21 st century equivalent of being caughtnaked ”(Lines 3-4, Para.2)?A) People ’s personal information is easily accessed without their knowledge.B) In the 21 st century people try every means to look into others ’secrets.C) People tend to be more frank with each other in the information age.D) Criminals are easily caught on the spot with advanced technology.63. What would psychologists advise on the relationships between friends?A) Friends should open their hearts to C) There should be a distance even each other. between friends.B) Friends should always be faithful to D) There should be fewer disputes each other. between friends.64. Why does the author say “we live in a world where you simple cannot keep a secret ”(Line 5, Para.3)?A) Modern society has finally evolved into an open society.B) People leave traces around when using modern technology.C) There are always people who are curious about others ’affairs.D) Many search engines profit by revealing people ’sidentities.65. What do most Americans do with regard to privacy protection?A) They change behaviors that might disclose their identity.B) They use various loyalty cards for business transactions.C) They rely more and more on electronic D) They talk a lot but hardly do anythingdevices. about it.66. According to the passage, privacy is like health in that ________.A) people will make every effort to keep itwoman.B) its importance is rarely understoodThere are many reasons forC) it is something that can easily be lostD) people don ’t cherish it until the y lose itthis-typically, men take more risks thanwoman and are more likely to drink andsmoke but perhaps more importantly,men don ’t go to the doctor.“Men aren ’t seeing doctors as often2.Passage Oneas they should, ”says Dr. Gullotta, “This Question s 57 to 61 are based on theis particularly so for the over-40s,when following passage.diseases tend to strike. ”If you are a male and you are readingGullotta says a healthy man should this ,congratulations: you are avisit the doctor every year or two. For survivor .According tostatistics .you arethose over 45,it should be at least once amore than twice as likely to die of skinyear.cancer than a woman ,and nine timesTwo months ago Gullotta saw a more likely to die of AIDS. Assuming you50-year-old ma who had delayed doing make it to the end of your natural term,anything about his smoker ’s cough for a about 78 years for men in Australia, youyear.will die on average five years before a“When I finally saw him it had alreadyspread and he has since died from lung Regular check-ups for men would cancer ”he says, “Earlier detection and inevitably place strain on the public purse, treatment may not have cured him, but it Cartmill says. ”But prevention is cheaper would have prolonged this life ”in the long run than having to treat the According to a recent survey, 95%of diseases. Besides, the ultimate cost is far women aged between 15 and early 40s greater: it is called premature death. ”see a doctor once a year, compared to 57.Why does the author congratulate his 70% of men in the same age group. male readers at the beginning of the “A lot of men think they are invincible passage?（不可战胜的）”Gullotta says “They only A. They are more likely to survive serious come in when a friend drops dead on the diseases today.golf course and they think ”Geez, if it B. Their average lifespan has been could happen to him. considerably extended.Then there is the ostrich approach, ” C. They have lived long enough to read some men are scared of what might be this article.there and would rather not know, ”says D. They are sure to enjoy a longer and Dr. Ross Cartmill. happier live.“Most men get their cars serviced 58.What does the author state is the mostmore regularly than they service their important reason men die five years bodies, ”Cartmill says .He believes most earlier on average than women?diseases that commonly affect men could A. men drink and smoke much more thanbe addressed by preventive check-ups. womenB. men don ’t seek medical care as often disease becaus e of fearas women 61. What does Cartmill say about regularC. men aren ’t as cautions as women in check-ups for men?face of danger A.They may increase public expensesD. men are more likely to suffer from fatal B.They will save money in the long rundiseases C.They may cause psychological strains on59. Which of the following best completes menthe sentence “Geez, if it could happen to D.They will enable men to live as long ashim ?’(line2,para,8)? womenA. it could happen to me, too Passage TwoB. I should avoid playing golf Questions 62 to 66 are based on theC. I should consider myself lucky following passage.D. it would be a big misfortune High-quality customer service is60what does Dr. Ross Cartmill mean by preached( 宣扬)by many ,but actually“the ostrich approach ”(line q para.9) keeping customers happy is easier saidA. a casual attitude towards one ’s health than doneconditions Shoppers seldom complain to the B. a new therapy for certain psychological manager or owner of a retail store, butproblems instead will alert their friends, relatives, C. refusal to get medical treatment for fear co-workers, strangers-and anyone whoof the pain involved will listen.D. unwillingness to find out about one ’s Store managers are often the last tohear complaints, and often find out only include filled parking lots, cluttered (塞满when their regular customers decide t 了的) shelves, overloaded racks, frequent their competitors, according to a out-of-stock items, long check-out lines, study jointly conducted by Verde group and rude salespeople.and Wharton school During peak shopping hours, some “Storytelling hurts retailers and retailers solved the parking problems by entertains consumers, ”said Paula getting moonlighting （业余兼职的）local Courtney, President of the V erde group. ”police to work as parking attendants.the store loses the customer, but the Some hired flag wavers to direct shopper must also find a replacement. ”customers to empty parking spaces. This On average, every unhappy customerguidance eliminated the need forwill complain to at least four other, and customers to circle the parking lotwill no longer visit the specific store for endlessly, and avoided confrontationevery dissatisfied customer, a store will between those eyeing the same parkinglose up to three more due to negative space.reviews. The resulting “snowball effect ”Retailers can relieve the headaches bycan be disastrous to retailers. redesigning store layouts, pre-stocking According to the research, shoppers sales items, hiring speedy and who purchased clothing encountered the experienced cashiers, and having salesmost problems. ranked second and third representatives on hand to answerwere grocery and electronics customers. questions.The most common complaints Most importantly, salespeople shouldbe diplomatic and polite with angry them.customers. C Few customers believe the service will “Retailers who ’re responsive and be improved.friendly are more likely to smooth over D Customers have no easy access to storeissues than those who aren ’t so friendly. ”managers.said Professor Stephen Hoch. “Maybe 63. What does Paula Courtney imply by something as simple as a greeter at the saying “?the shopper must also find astore entrance would help. ”replacement ”(Line 2, Para. 4)?Customers can also improve future A New customers arebound to replace shopping experiences by filing complaints old ones.to the retailer, instead of complaining to B It is not likely the shopper can find thethe rest of the world. Retailers are same products in other stores.hard-pressed to improve when they have C Most stores provide the sameno idea what is wrong. D Not complaining to the manager causes注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答the shopper some trouble too.62. Why are store managers often the last 64. Shop owners often hire moonlightingto hear complaints? police as parking attendants so that A Most customers won ’t bother to shoppers_____complain even if they have had unhappy A can stay longer browsing in the store experiences. B won ’t have trouble parking their carsB Customers would rather relate theirC won ’t have any worries about securityunhappy experiences to people around D can find their cars easily after shopping65. What contributes most to smoothing over issues with customers?A Manners of the salespeopleB Hiring of efficient employeesC Huge supply of goods for saleD Design of the store layout.66. To achieve better shopping experiences, customers areadvised to _________.A exert pressure on stores to improve their serviceB settle their disputes with stores in a diplomatic wayC voice their dissatisfaction to store managers directlyD shop around and make comparisons between stores3. The January fashion show, called Future Fashion , exemplified howfar green design has come. Organized by the New York-based nonprofitEarth Pledge, the show inspired many top designers to work with sustainable fabrics for the first time. Several have since made pledges toinclude organic fabrics in their lines.The designers who undertake green fashion still face many challenges. Scott Hahn, cofounder with Gregory of Rogan and Loomstate,which uses all-organic cotton, says high-quality sustainable materials canstill be tough to fine . “Most designers with existing labels are findingthere aren ’t comparable fabrics t hat can just replace what you ’re doing and shat your customers are used to, ”he says. For example, organic cotton and non-organic cotton are virtually indistinguishable once woven into a dress. But some popular synthetics, like stretch nylon, stillhave few eco-friendly equivalents.Those who do make the switch are finding they have more support.Last year the influential trade show Designers & Agents stopped charging its participation fee for young greenentrepreneurs (企业家) who attend its two springtime shows in Los Angeles and New York and gavespecial recognition to designers whose collections are at least 25% sustainable . It now counts more than 50 green designers, up from fewerthan a dozen two years ago. This week Wal-Mart is set to announce amajor initiative aimed at helping cotton farmers go organic: it will buytransitional (过渡型的) cotton at higher prices , thus helping to expand thesupply of a key sustainable material . “Mainstream is about to occur, ”says Hahn.Some analysts ( 分析师) are less sure . Among consumers, only 18%are even aware that ecofashion exists, up from 6% four years ago.Natalie Hormilla, a fashion writer, is an example of the unconverted consumer, when asked if she owned any sustainable clothes, she replied:“Not that I ’m aware of. ”Like most consumers, she finds little time toshop, and when she does, she ’s on the hunt for “cute stuff that isn ’t too expensive. ”By her own admission, green just isn ’t yet on her mind. But–thanks to the combined efforts of designers, retailers and suppliers –one day it will be.57. What is said about Future Fashion?A) It inspired many leading designers to start going green.B) It showed that designers using organic fabrics would go far.C) It served as an example of how fashion shows should be organized.D) It convinced the public that fashionable clothes should be madedurable.58. According to Scott Hahn, one big challenge to designers who will goorganic is that .A) much more time is needed to finish a dress using sustainablematerials .B) they have to create new brands for clothes made of organicmaterials .C) customers have difficulty telling organic from non-organicmaterials .D) quality organic replacements for synthetics are not readilyavailable .59. We learn from Paragraph 3 that designers who undertake greenfashion .A) can attend various trade shows free .B) are readily recognized by the fashion worldC) can buy organic cotton at favorable prices .D) are gaining more and more support .60. What is Natalie Hormilla ’s attitude t oward ecofashion?A) She doesn ’t seem to care about it. C) She is doubtful of itspractical value.B) She doesn ’t think it is sustainable D) She is very muchopposed to the idea61. What does the author think of green fashion?A) Green products will soon go mainstream.B) It has a very promising future.C) Consumers have the final say.D) It will appeal more to young people.Passage TwoQuestions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.Scientists have devised a way to determine roughly where a personhas lived using a strand( 缕) of hair , a technique that could help track the movements of criminal suspects or unidentified murder victims .The method relies on measuring how chemical variations in drinkingwater show up in people ’s hair.“You’re what you eat and drink, and that ’s recorded in you hair, ”said Thure Cerling, a geologist at the University of Utah.While U.S diet is relatively identical, water supplies vary. The differences result from weather patterns. The chemical composition of rainfall changes slightly as raid clouds move.Most hydrogen and oxygen atoms in water are stable , but traces ofboth elements are also present as heavier isotopes (同位素) . The heaviest raid falls first .As a result, storms that form over the Pacific deliver heavierwater to California than to Utah.Similar patterns exist throughout the U.S. By measuring the proportion of heavier hydrogen and oxygen isotopes along astrand ofhair, scientists can construct a geographic timeline. Each inch of hair corresponds to about two months.Cerling ’s team collected tap water samples from 600 cities and constructed a mop of the regional differences. They checked the accuracy of the map by testing 200 hair samples collected from 65 barber shops.They were able to accurately place the hair samples in broad regionsroughly corresponding to the movement of raid systems.“It’s not good for pinpointing ( 精确定位),”Cerling said . “It’s goodfor eliminating many possibilities. ”Todd Park, a local detective, said the method has helped him learnmore about an unidentified woman whose skeleton was found near Great Salt Lake.The woman was 5 feet tall. Police recovered 26 bones, a T-shirt andseveral strands of hair.When Park heard about the research, he gave the hair samples to the researchers. Chemical testing showed that over the two years before herdeath, she moved about every two months.She stayed in the Northwest, although the test could not be morespecific than somewhere between eastern Oregon and western Wyoming.“It’s still a substantial area, ”Park said “But it narrows it way downfor me. ”62. What is the scientists ’new discovery?A) One ’s hair growth has to do with the amount of water they drink.B) A person ’s hair may reveal where they have lived.C) Hair analysis accurately identifies criminal suspects.D) The chemical composition of hair varies from person to person.63. What does the author mean by “You’re what you eat and drink ”(Line 1, Para.3)?A) Food and drink affect one ’s personality development.B) Food and drink preferences vary with individuals.C) Food and drink leave traces in one ’s body tissues.D) Food and drink are indispensable to one ’s existence.64. What is said about the rainfall in America ’s West?A) There is much more rainfall in California than in Utah.B) The water it delivers becomes lighter when it moves inland.C) Its chemical composition is less stable than in other areas.D) It gathers more light isotopes as it moves eastward.65. What did Cerling ’s team produce in their research?A) A map showing the regional differences of tap water.B) A collection of hair samples from various barber shops.C) A method to measure the amount of water in human hair.D) A chart illustrating the movement of the rain system.66. What is the practical value of Cerl ing ’s research?A) It helps analyze the quality of water in different regions.B) It helps the police determine where a crime is committed.C) It helps the police narrow down possibilities in detective work.D) It helps identify the drinking habits of the person underinvestigation.4.Throughout this long, tense election, everyone has focused on thepresidential candidates and how they ’ll change America. Rightly so, but selfishly, I ’m more fascinated by Michelle Obama and what she might beable to do, not just for this country, but for me as an African-Americanwoman. As the potential First Lady, she would have the world ’s attention.And that means that for the first time people will have a chance to get upclose and personal with the type of African-American woman they so rarely see.Usually, the lives of black women go largely unexamined. The prevailing theory seems to be that we ’re all hot-tempered single mothers who can ’t keep a man. Even in the world of make-believe, blackwomen still can ’t esca pe the stereotype of being eye-rolling, oversexedfemales raised by our never-married, alcoholic ( 酗酒的) mothers.These images have helped define the way all women are viewed, including Michelle Obama. Before she ever gets the chance to commit toa cause, charity or foundation as First Lady, her most urgent and perhapsmost complicated duty may be simple to be herself.It won ’t be easy. Because few mainstream publicationshave donein-depth features on regular African-American women, little is known about who we are, what we think and what we face on a regular basis.For better or worse, Michelle will represent us all.Just as she will have her critics, she will also have millions of fans whousually have little interest in the First Lady. Many African-American blogshave written about what they ’d like to see Michelle bring to the WhiteHouse —mainly showing the world that a black woman can support herman and raise a strong black family. Michelle will have to work to pleaseeveryone —an impossible task. But for many African-American women like me, just a little of her poise ( 沉着), confidence and intelligence will goa long way in changing an image that ’s been around for far too long.57. Why does Michelle Obama hold a strong fascination for the author?A) She serves as a role model for African women.B) She possesses many admirable qualities becoming a First Lady.C) She will present to the world a new image of African-American women.D) She will pay closer attention to the interests of African-Americanwomen.58. What is the common stereotype of African-American women according to the author?A) They are victims of violence. B) They are of an inferior violence.C) They use quite a lot of body language. D) They live on charity andsocial welfare.59. What do many African-Americans write about in their blogs?A) Whether Michelle can live up to the high expectations of her fans.B) How Michelle should behave as a public figure.。
大学英语四级阅读理解练习题和答案解析
大学英语四级阅读理解练习题和答案解析大学英语四级阅读理解练习题：【原文】The Earth comprises three principal layers: the dense, iron-rich core, the mantle made of silicate (硅酸盐) that are semi-molten at depth, and the thin, solid-surface crust There are two kinds of crust, a lower and denser oceanic crust and an upper，lighter continental crust found over only about 40 percent of the Earths surface. The rocks of the crust are of very different ages. Some continental rocks are over 3,000 million years old, while those of the ocean floor are less than 200 million years old. The crusts and the top, solid part of the mantle, totaling about 70 to 100 kilometers in thickness, at present appear to consist of about 15 rigid plates, 7 of which are very large. These plates move over the semi-molten lower mantleto produce all of the major topographical(地形学的)features of the Earth. Active zones where intense deformation occur are confined to the narrow, interconnecting boundaries of contact of the plates.There are three main types of zones of contact: spreading contacts where plates move apart, converging contacts where plates move towards each other, and transform contacts where plates slide past each other. Newoceanic crust is formed along one or more margins of each plate by material issuing from deeper layers of the Earth s crust, for example, by volcanic eruptions (爆发) of lava (火山熔岩) at mid-ocean ridges. If at such a spreading contact the two plates support continents，a rift(裂缝) is formed that will gradually widen and become flooded by the tea. The Atlantic Ocean formed like this as the American and Afro-European plates moved in opposite directions. When two plates carrying continents collide, the continental blocks,too light to be drawn down, continue to float and therefore buckle (起褶皱) to form a mountain chain along the length of the margin of the plates.大学英语四级阅读理解练习题：【题目】Choose correct answers to the question:1.The Earths crust______.A.can be classified into two typesB.is formed along the margins of the platesC.consists of semi-molten rocksD.is about 70 to 100 kilometers thick2.The 15 plates of the Earth are formed from ___.A.the oceanic crusts and continental crustsB.the crusts and the mantleC.the crusts and the top and solid part of the mantleD.the continental crusts and the solid part of the mantle3.Seriously-deformed zones appear _______A.whenever the crusts move over mantleB.when the plates move towards each otherC.in the narrow boundaries where two plates meetD.to be the major topographical feature of the Earth4.According to the second paragraph, the formation of the Atlantic Ocean is the example of_______.A.spreading contactsB.the influence of volcanic eruptionsC.converging contactsD.transform contacts5.This passage is probably_______.A.a newspaper advertisementB.a chapter of a novelC.an excerpt from a textbookD.a scientific report of new findings大学英语四级阅读理解练习题：【答案】1.[A] 事实细节题。
大学英语四级真题阅读练习10套(附参考答案)
大学英语4级真题Passage 1The endless debate about “work-life balance’’ often contains a hopeful footnote about stay-at-home dads. If American society and business won5t make it easier on future female leaders who choose to have children, there is still the ray of hope that increasing numbers of full-time fathers will. But based on today’s socioeconomic trends, this hope is, unfortunately, misguided.It’s true that the number of men who have left work to do their thing as full-time parents has doubled in a decade, but ifs still very small：only 0. 8% of married couples where the stay-at-home father was out of the labor force for a year. Even that percentage is likely inflated by men thrust into their caretaker role by a downsizing. This is simply not a large enough group to reduce the social stigma(污名)and force other adjustments necessary to supporting men in this decision, even if only for a relatively short time.Even shorter times away from work for working fathers are already difficult. A study found that 85% of new fathers take some time off after the birth of a child—but for all but a few, it’s a week or two at most. Meanwhile, the average for women who take leave is more than 10 weeks. Such choices impact who moves up in the organization. While you’re away, someone else is doing your work, making your sales, taking care of your customers. That can’t help you at work. It can only hurt you. Women, of course, face the same issues of returning after a long absence. But with many more women than men choosing to leave the workforce entirely to raise families, returning from an extended parental leave doesn’t raise as many eyebrows as it does for men.Women would make more if they didn't break their earning trajectory (轨迹）by leaving the workforce, or if higher-paying professions were more family-friendly. In the foreseeable future, stay- at-home fathers may make all the difference for individual families, but their presence won’t reduce the numbers of high-potential women who are forced to choose between family and career.56.What gives women a ray of hope to achieve work-life balance?A)More men taking an extended parental leave.B)Peopled changing attitudes towards family.C)More women entering business management.D)The improvement of their socioeconomic status.57.Why does the author say the hope for more full-time fathers is misguided?A)Women are better at taking care of children.B)Many men value work more than their family.C)Their number is too small to make a difference.D)Not many men have the chance to stay at home.58.Why do few men take a long parental leave?A)A long leave will have a negative impact on their career.B)They just have too many responsibilities to fulfill at work.C)The economic loss will be too much for their family to bear.D)They are likely to get fired if absent from work for too long.59.What is the most likely reaction to men returning from an extended parental leave?A) Jealousy. C) Admiration. B) Surprise.D) Sympathy.60.What does the author say about high-potential women in the not-too-distant future?A)They will benefit from the trend of more fathers staying at home.B)They will find high-paying professions a bit more family-friendly.C)They are unlikely to break their career trajectory to raise a family.D)They will still face the difficult choice between career and children.答案：BCABDPassage 2Some of the world’s most significant problems never hit headlines. One example comes from agriculture. Food riots and hunger make news. But the trend lying behind these matters is rarely talked about. This is the decline in the growth in yields of some of the world’s major crops. A new study by the University of Minnesota and McGill University in Montreal looks at where, and how far, this decline is occurring.The authors take a vast number of data points for the four most important crops :rice, wheat, com and soyabeans (大豆).They find that on between 24% and 39% of all harvested areas, the improvement in yields that took place before the 1980s slowed down in the 1990s and 2000s. There are two worrying features of the slowdown. One is that it has been particularly sharp in the world’s most(人口多的）countries, India and China. Their ability to feed themselves has been an important source of relative stability both within the countries and on world food markets. That self-sufficiency cannot be taken for granted if yields continue to slow down or reverse.Second, yield growth has been lower in wheat and rice than in com and soyabeans. This is problematic because wheat and rice are more important as foods, accounting for around half of all calories consumed. Com and soyabeans are more important as feed grains. The authors note that “we have preferentially focused our crop improvement efforts on feeding animals and cars rather than on crops that feed people and are the basis of food security in much of the world. ”, The report qualifies the more optimistic findings of another new paper which suggests that the world will not have to dig up a lot more land for farming in order to feed 9 billion people in 2050, as the Food and Agriculture Organisation has argued.Instead, it says, thanks to slowing population growth, land currently ploughed up for crops might be able to revert (回返）to forest or wilderness. This could happen. The trouble is that the forecast assumes continued improvements in yields, which may not actually happen.61.What does the author try to draw attention to?A) Food riots and hunger in the world.C) The decline of the grain yield growth.B) News headlines in the leading media.D) The food supply in populous countries.62.Why does the author mention India and China in particular?A)Their self-sufficiency is vital to the stability of world food markets.B)Their food yields have begun to decrease sharply in recent years.C)Their big populations are causing worldwide concerns.D)Their food self-sufficiency has been taken for granted.63.What does the new study by the two universities say about recent crop improvement efforts?A)They fail to produce the same remarkable results as before the 1980s.B)They contribute a lot to the improvement of human food production.C)They play a major role in guaranteeing the food security of the world.D)They focus more on the increase of animal feed than human food grains.64.What does the Food and Agriculture Organisation say about world food production in thecoming decades?A)The growing population will greatly increase the pressure on world food supplies.B)The optimistic prediction about food production should be viewed with caution.C)The "slowdown of the growth in yields of major food crops will be reversed.D)The world will be able to feed its population without increasing farmland.65.How does the author view the argument of the Food and Agriculture Organisation?A)It is built on the findings of a new study.B)It is based on a doubtful assumption.C)It is backed by strong evidence.D)It is open to further discussion.答案：CADDBPassage 3Junk food is everywhere. We’re eating way too much of it. Most of us know what we’re doing and yet we do it anyway.So here’s a suggestion offered by two researchers at the Rand Corporation : Why not take a lesson from alcohol control policies and apply them to where food is sold and how it’s displayed?“Many policy measures to control obesity(肥胖症）assume that people consciously and rationally choose what and how much they eat and therefore focus on providing information and more access to healthier foods,” note the two researchers.“In contrast,” the researchers continue, “ many regulations that don’t assume people make rational choices have been successfully applied to control alcohol, a substance—like food—of which immoderate consumption leads to serious health problems. ’’The research references studies of peopled behavior with food and alcohol and results of alcohol restrictions, and then lists five regulations that the researchers think might be promising if applied to junk foods. Among them:Density restrictions：licenses to sell alcohol aren’t handed out unplanned to all comers but are allotted (分配) based on the number of places in an area that already sell alcohol. These make alcohol less easy to get and reduce the number of psychological cues to drink.Similarly, the researchers say, being presented with junk food stimulates our desire to eat it. So why not limit the density of food outlets, particularly ones that sell food rich in empty calories? And why not limit sale of food in places that aren5t primarily food stores?Display and sales restrictions: California has a rule prohibiting alcohol displays near the cash registers in gas stations, and in most places you can’t buy alcohol at drive-through facilities. At supermarkets, food companies pay to have their wares in places where they’re easily seen. One could remove junk food to the back of the store and ban them from the shelves at checkout lines. The other measures include restricting portion sizes, taxing and prohibiting special price deals for junk foods, and placing warning labels on the products.56.What does the author say about junk food?A)People should be educated not to eat too much.B)It is widely consumed despite its ill reputation.C)Its temptation is too strong for people to resist.D)It causes more harm than is generally realized.57.What do the Rand researchers think of many of the policy measures to control obesity?A) They should be implemented effectively.C) They are based on wrong assumptions.B) They provide misleading information.D) They help people make rational choices.58.Why do policymakers of alcohol control place density restrictions?A)Few people are able to resist alcohol’s temptations.B)There are already too many stores selling alcohol.C)Drinking strong alcohol can cause social problems.D)Easy access leads to customers’ over-consumption.59.What is the purpose of California’s rule about alcohol display in gas stations?A)To effectively limit the density of alcohol outlets.B)To help drivers to give up the habit of drinking.C)To prevent possible traffic jams in nearby areas.D)To get alcohol out of drivers’ immediate sight.60.What is the general guideline the Rand researchers suggest about junk food control?A)Guiding people to make rational choices about food.B)Enhancing people’s awareness of their own health.C)Borrowing ideas from alcohol control measures.D)Resorting to economic, legal and psychological means.答案：CCDDCPassage 4Kodak’s decision to file for bankruptcy (破产）protection is a sad, though not unexpected, turning point for a leading American corporation that pioneered consumer photography and dominated the film market for decades, but ultimately failed to adapt to the digital revolution.Although many attribute Kodak’s downfall to “complacency ( 自满)”that explanation doesn’t acknowledge the lengths to which the company went to reinvent itself. Decades ago, Kodak anticipated that digital photography would overtake film—and in fact, Kodak invented the first digital camera in 1975—but in a fateful decision, the company chose to shelf its new discovery to focus on its traditional film business.It wasn’t that Kodak was blind to the future, said Rebecca Henderson, a professor at Harvard Business School, but rather that it failed to execute on a strategy to confront it. By the time the company realized its mistake, it was too late.Kodak is an example of a firm that was very much aware that they had to adapt, and spent a lot of money trying to do so, but ultimately failed. Large companies have a difficult time switching to new markets because there is a temptation to put existing assets into the new businesses.Although Kodak anticipated the inevitable rise of digital photography, its corporate(企业的）culture was too rooted in the successes of the past for it to make the clean break necessary to fully embrace the future. They were a company stuck in time. Their history was so important to them. Now their history has become a liability.Kodak’s downfall over the last several decades was dramatic. In 1976, the company commanded 90% of the market for photographic film and 85% of the market for cameras. But the 1980s brought new competition from Japanese film company Fuji Photo, which undermined Kodak by offering lower prices for film and photo supplies. Kodak’s decision not to pursue the role of official film for the 1984 Los Angeles Olympics was a major miscalculation. The bid went instead to Fuji, which exploited its sponsorship to win a permanent foothold in the marketplace.61.What do we learn about Kodak?A)It went bankrupt all of a sudden.B)It is approaching its downfall.C)It initiated the digital revolution in the film industry.D)It is playing the dominant role in the film market.62.Why does the author mention Kodak’s invention of the first digital camera?A)To show its early attempt to reinvent itself.B)To show its effort to overcome complacency.C)To show its quick adaptation to the digital revolution.D)To show its will to compete with Japan’s Fuji Photo.63.Why do large companies have difficulty switching to new markets?A)They find it costly to give up their existing assets.B)They tend to be slow in confronting new challenges.C)They are unwilling to invest in new technology.D)They are deeply stuck in their glorious past.64.What does the author say Kodak’s history has become?A) A burden.B) A mirror.C) A joke.D) A challenge.65.What was Kodak’s fatal mistake?A) Its blind faith in traditional photography.C) Its refusal to sponsor the 1984 Olympics.B) Its failure to see Fuji Photo’s emergence.D) Its overconfidence in its corporate culture.答案：BADACPassage 5When it’s five o’clock, people leave their office. The length of the workday, for many workers, is defined by time. They leave when the clock tells them they’re done.These days, the time is everywhere: not just on clocks or watches, but on cell-phones and computers. That may be a bad thing, particularly at work. New research shows that clock-based work schedules hinder morale (士气) and creativity.Clock-timers organize their day by blocks of minutes and hours. For example：a meeting from 9 a. m. to 10 a. m. , research from 10 a. m. to noon, etc. On the other hand, task-timers have a list of things they want to accomplish. They work down the list, each task starts when the previous task is completed. It is said that all of us employ a mix of both these types of planning.What, then, are the effects of thinking about time in these different ways? Does one make us more productive? Better at the tasks at hand? Happier? In experiments conducted by Tamar Avnet and Anne-Laure Sellier, they had participants organize different activities—from project planning, holiday shopping, to yoga —by time or to-do list to measure how they performed under “clock time vs “task time.” They found clock timers to be more efficient but less happy because they felt little control over their lives. Task timers are happier and more creative, but less productive. They tend to enjoy the moment when something good is happening, and seize opportunities that come up.The researchers argue that task-based organizing tends to be undervalued and under-supported in business culture. Smart companies, they believe, will try to bake more task-based planning into their strategies.This might be a small change to the way we view work and the office, but the researchersargue that it challenges a widespread characteristic of the economy: work organized by dock time. While most people will still probably need, and be, to some extent, clock-timers, task-based timing should be used when perfoming a job that requires more creativity. It’ll make those tasks easier, arid the task- doers will be happier.56.What does the author think of time displayed everywhere?A)It makes everybody time-conscious.B)It is a convenience for work and life.C)It may have a negative effect on creative work.D)It clearly indicates the fast pace of modem life.57.How do people usually go about their work according to the author?A)They combine clock-based and task-based planning.B)They give priority to the most urgent task on hand.C)They set a time limit for each specific task.D)They accomplish their tasks one by one.58.What did Tamar Avnet and Anne-Laure Sellier find in their experiments about clocks timers?A) They seize opportunities as they come up.C) They have more control over their lives.B) They always get their work done in time.D) They tend to be more productive.59.What do the researchers say about today’s business culture?A)It does not support the strategies adopted by smart companies.B)It does not attach enough importance to task-based practice.C)It places more emphasis on work efficiency than on workers5 lives.D)It aims to bring employees, potential and creativity into full play.60.What do the researchers suggest?A)Task-based timing is preferred for doing creative work. B)It is important to keep a balance between work and life.C)Performing creative jobs tends to make workers happier. D)A scientific standard should be adopted in job evaluation.答案：CADAAPassage 6Martha Stewart was charged, tried and competed of a crime in 2004. As she neared the end of her prison sentence, a well-known columnist wrote that she was “ paying her dues,” and that “ there is simply no reason for anyone to attempt to deny her right to start anew.”Surely, the American ideal of second chances should not be reserved only for the rich and powerful. Unfortunately, many federal and state laws impose post-conviction restrictions on a shockingly large number of Americans, who are prevented from ever fully paying their debt to society.At least 65 million people in the United States have a criminal record. This can result in severe penalties that continue long after punishment is completed.Many of these penalties are imposed regardless of the seriousness of the offense or the person’s individual circumstances. Laws can restrict or ban voting, access to public housing, and professional and business licensing. They can affect a person’s ability to get a job and qualification for benefits.In all, more than 45, 000 laws and rules serve to exclude vast numbers of people from fullyparticipating in American life.Some laws make sense. No one advocates letting someone convicted of pedophilia（恋童癖）work in a school. But too often collateral(附随的）consequences bear no relation to public safety. Should a woman who possessed a small amount of drugs years ago be permanently unable to be licensed as a nurse?These laws are also counterproductive, since they make it harder for people with criminal records to find housing or land a job, two key factors that reduce backsliding.A recent report makes several recommendations, including the abolition of most post-conviction penalties, except for those specifically needed to protect public safety. Where the penalties are not a must, they should be imposed only if the facts of a case support it.The point is not to excuse or forget the crime. Rather, it is to recognize that in America’s vast criminal justice system, second chances are crucial. It is in no one’s interest to keep a large segment of the population on the margins of society.61.What does the well-known columnist’s remark about Martha Stewart suggest?A)Her past record might stand in her way to a new life.B)Her business went bankrupt while she was in prison.C)Her release from prison has drawn little attention.D)Her prison sentence might have been extended.62.What do we learn from the second paragraph about many criminals in America?A)They backslide after serving their terms in prison.B)They are deprived of chances to turn over a new leaf.C)They receive severe penalties for committing minor offenses.D)They are convicted regardless of their individual circumstances.63.What are the consequences for many Americans with a criminal record?A) They remain poor for the rest of their lives.C) They are marginalized in society.B) They are deprived of all social benefits.D) They are deserted by their family.64.What does the author think of the post-conviction laws and rules?A)They help to maintain social stability.B)Some of them have long been outdated.C)They are hardly understood by the public.D)A lot of them have negative effects on society.65.What is the author’s main purpose in writing the passage?A)To create opportunities for criminals to reform themselves.B)To appeal for changes in America’s criminal justice system.C)To ensure that people with a criminal record live a decent life.D)To call people’s attention to prisoners’ conditions in America.答案：ABCDBPassage 7The wallet is heading for extinction. As a day-to-day essential，it will die off with the generation who read print newspapers. The kind of shopping—where you hand over notes and count out change in return—now happens only in the most minor of our retail encounters, like buying a bar of chocolate or a pint of milk from a comer shop. At the shops where you spend any real money, that money is increasingly abstracted. And this is more and more true, the higher upthe scale you go. At the most cutting-edge retail stores—Victoria Beckham on Dover Street, for instance—you don’t go and stand at any kind of cash register when you decide to pay. The staff are equipped with iPads to take your payment while you relax on a sofa.Which is nothing more or less than excellent service, if you have the money. But across society, the abstraction of the idea of cash makes me uneasy. Maybe I’m just old-fashioned. But earning money isn’t quick or easy for most of us. Isn’t it a bit weird that spending it should happen in half a blink (眨眼）of an eye? Doesn’t a wallet—that time-honoured Friday-night feeling of pleasing, promising fatness—represent something that matters?But I’ll leave the economics to the experts. What bothers me about the death of the wallet is the change it represents in our physical environment. Everything about the look and feel of a wallet—the way the fastenings and materials wear and tear and loosen with age, the plastic and paper and gold and silver, and handwritten phone numbers and printed cinema tickets—is the very opposite of what our world is becoming. The opposite of a wallet is a smartphone or an iPad. The rounded edges, cool glass，smooth and unknowable as a pebble (鹅卵石）. Instead of digging through pieces of paper and peering into comers, we move our fingers left and right. No more counting out coins. Show your wallet, if you still have one. It may not be here much longer.56.What is happening to the wallet?A) It is disappearing.C) It is becoming costly,B) It is being fattened.D) It is changing in style.57.How are business transactions done in big modem stores?A)Individually.C) In the abstract.B)Electronically.D) Via a cash register.58.What makes the author feel uncomfortable nowadays?A)Saving money is becoming a thing of the past.B)The pleasing Friday-night feeling is fading.C)Earning money is getting more difficult.D)Spending money is so fast and easy.59.Why does the author choose to write about what’s happening to the wallet?A)It represents a change in the modem world.B)It has something to do with everybody’s life.C)It marks the end of a time-honoured tradition.D)It is the concern of contemporary economists.60.What can we infer from the passage about the author?A)He is resistant to social changes.B)He is against technological progress.C)He feels reluctant to part with the traditional wallet.D)He feels insecure in the ever-changing modem world.答案：ABDADPassage 8Everybody sleeps, but what people stay up late to catch—or wake up early in order not to miss— varies by culture.From data collected, it seems the things that cause us to lose the most sleep, on average, are sporting events, time changes, and holidays.Around the world, people changed sleep patterns thanks to the start or end of daylight savings time, Russians, for example, began to wake up about a half-hour later each day after President Vladimir Putin shifted the country permanently to “winter time” starting on October 26.Russia’s other late nights and early mornings generally correspond to public holidays. On New Year’s Eve, Russians have the world’s latest bedtime，hitting the hay at around 3:30 a.m.、Russians also get up an hour later on International Women’s Day, the day for treating and celebrating female relatives.Similarly, Americans, late nights, late mornings, and longest sleeps fall on three-day weekends. Canada got the least sleep of the year the night it beat Sweden in the Olympic hockey （冰球）. The World Cup is also chiefly responsible for sleep deprivation(剥夺）.The worst night for sleep in the U. K was the night of the England-Italy match on June 14. Brits stayed up a half-hour later to watch it, and then they woke up earlier than usual the next morning thanks to summer nights, the phenomenon in which the sun barely sets in northern countries in the summertime. That was nothing, though, compared to Germans, Italians, and the French, who stayed up around an hour and a half later on various days throughout the summer to watch the Cup.It should be made clear that not everyone has a device to record their sleep patterns; in some of these nations, it’s likely that only the richest people do. And people who elect to track their sleep may try to get more sleep than the average person. Even if that’s the case, though, the above findings are still striking. If the most health-conscious among us have such deep swings in our shut-eye levels throughout the year, how much sleep are the rest of us losing?61.What does the author say about peopled sleeping habits?A) They are culture-related.C) They change with the seasons.B) They affect peopled health.D) They vary from person to person.62.What do we learn about the Russians regarding sleep?A)They don’t fall asleep until very late.C)They get less sleep on public holidays.B)They don’t sleep much on weekends.D)They sleep longer than people elsewhere.63.What is the major cause for Europeans’ loss of sleep?A)The daylight savings time.C)The World Cup.B)The colorful night life.D)The summertime.64.What is the most probable reason for some rich people to use a device to record their sleep patterns?A) They have trouble falling asleep.C) They are involved in a sleep research.B) They want to get sufficient sleep.D) They want to go to bed on regular hours.65.What does .the author imply in the last paragraph?A)Sleeplessness does harm to peopled health.B)Few people really know the importance of sleep.C)It is important to study our sleep patterns.D)Average people probably sleep less than the rich.答案：ACCBBPassage 9Could you reproduce Silicon Valley elsewhere, or is there something unique about it?It wouldn't be surprising if it were hard to reproduce in other countries, because you couldn't reproduce it in most of the US either. What does it take to make a Silicon Valley?It's the right people. If you could get the right ten thousand people to move from Silicon Valley to Buffalo, Buffalo would become Silicon Valley.You only need two kinds of people to create a technology hub (中心) : rich people and nerds (痴迷科研的人).Observation bears this out. Within the US, towns have become star, up hubs if and only if they have both rich people and nerds. Few startups happen in Miami, for example, because although it's full of rich people, it has few nerds. It's not the kind of place nerds like.Whereas Pittsburgh has the opposite problem: plenty of nerds, but no rich people.The top US Computer Science departments are said to be MIT, Stanford, Berkeley, and Carnegie-Mellon. MIT yielded Route 128.Stanford and Berkeley yielded Silicon Valley. But what did Carnegie-Mellon yield in Pittsburgh? And what happened in Ithaca, home of Cornell University, which is also high on the list?I grew up in Pittsburgh and went to college at Cornell, so I can answer for both. The weather is terrible, particularly in winter, and there's no interesting old city to make up for it, as there is in Boston. Rich people don't want to live in Pittsburgh or Ithaca. So while there're plenty of hackers (电脑迷) who could start startups, there's no one to invest in themDo you really need the rich people? Wouldn't it work to have the government invest in the nerds?No, it would not. Start up investors are a distinct type of rich people. They tend to have a lot of experience themselves in the technology business. This helps them pick the right startups, and means they can supply advice and connections as well as money. And the fact that they have a personal stake in the outcome makes them really pay attention.56.What do we learn about Silicon Valley from the passage?A. Its success is hard to copy anywhere else.B. It is the biggest technology hub in the US.C. Its fame in high technology is incomparable.D. It leads the world in information technology.57.What makes Miami unfit to produce a Silicon Valley?A. Lack of incentive for investment.B. Lack of the right kind of talents.C. Lack of government support.D. Lack of famous universities.58.In what way is Carnegie-Mellon different from Stanford, Berkeley and MIT?A. Its location is not as attractive to rich people.B. Its science departments are not nearly as good.C. It does not produce computer hackers and nerds.D. It does not pay much attention to business startups.59.What does the author imply about Boston?A. It has pleasant weather all year round.。
英语四级试卷及参考答案
英语四级试卷及参考答案一、听力理解（共25分）Section A: 短对话（共8分）1. A) The man is too busy to attend the concert.B) The concert has been cancelled.C) The woman is not interested in the concert.D) The tickets for the concert are too expensive.2. A) The woman is looking for a job.B) The man is not qualified for the job.C) The man is asking for a raise.D) The woman is offering the man a job....Section B: 长对话（共7分）11. What is the main topic of the conversation?A) A new shopping mall.B) A new movie.C) A new restaurant.D) A new book.12. Why does the man suggest going to the cinema?A) Because it's a new experience.B) Because it's cheaper than a restaurant.C) Because it's a better place for a date.D) Because the woman has never been there....Section C: 短文理解（共10分）16. What is the speaker mainly talking about?A) The importance of environmental protection.B) The impact of technology on society.C) The benefits of traveling.D) The challenges of modern life.17. According to the speaker, what can be done to address the issue?A) Encouraging recycling.B) Reducing the use of plastic.C) Promoting public transportation.D) All of the above....二、阅读理解（共20分）Section A: 快速阅读（共10分）26. The author's purpose in writing the passage is to _______.27. According to the passage, which of the following is true about the new policy?28. What does the author suggest we should do to improve our health?...Section B: 阅读理解（共10分）31. What is the main idea of the passage?32. The author uses the example of _______ to illustrate_______.33. What is the author's attitude towards the issue discussed in the passage?...三、词汇与语法结构（共15分）36. The company is _______ to expand its business overseas.A) keenB) reluctantC) indifferentD) anxious37. If it were not for the support of the community, our project _______.A) would have failedB) would failC) had failedD) fails...四、完形填空（共20分）41. The word "significant" in the context of the passage means _______.42. The author suggests that _______ is a key factor in achieving success.43. According to the passage, the attitude of the employeestowards their work is _______....五、翻译（共20分）Translate the following sentences into English:44. 随着科技的发展，我们的生活变得越来越便利。
英语四级考试题和答案
英语四级考试题和答案一、听力理解（共30分）1. A) The man is not interested in the woman's suggestion.B) The woman is not sure whether she can go to the party.C) The woman is not familiar with the man's friends.D) The man is trying to persuade the woman to go to the party.2. A) The woman is looking for a job.B) The woman is asking for directions.C) The woman is looking for a house to rent.D) The woman is asking about the cost of living.二、阅读理解（共20分）Passage 136. What is the main idea of the passage?A) The importance of teamwork in business.B) The benefits of working in a team.C) The challenges of working in a team.D) The disadvantages of working alone.37. According to the passage, which of the following is a benefit of working in a team?A) It allows for more creativity.B) It reduces the workload for each individual.C) It provides a sense of security.D) It leads to better decision-making.Passage 238. What does the author suggest about the use of social media?A) It should be limited to avoid addiction.B) It can be beneficial if used wisely.C) It is a waste of time for most people.D) It is a necessary tool for modern communication.39. What is the author's opinion on the impact of social media on relationships?A) It has a negative effect on personal relationships.B) It can strengthen relationships if used properly.C) It has no significant impact on relationships.D) It is essential for maintaining long-distance relationships.三、词汇与语法（共20分）40. The company has recently ________ a new policy to improve employee satisfaction.A) implementedB) demonstratedC) speculatedD) deteriorated41. Despite the heavy rain, the construction work was________ on schedule.A) delayedB) postponedC) acceleratedD) maintained四、写作（共30分）42. Directions: Write an essay of about 120 words on thetopic "The Role of Technology in Education". You should write clearly and coherently, and support your view with appropriate examples.参考答案：一、听力理解1. D) The man is trying to persuade the woman to go to the party.2. B) The woman is asking for directions.二、阅读理解36. A) The importance of teamwork in business.37. B) It reduces the workload for each individual.38. B) It can be beneficial if used wisely.39. B) It can strengthen relationships if used properly.三、词汇与语法40. A) implemented41. D) maintained四、写作范文：The Role of Technology in EducationIn recent years, technology has played an increasingly significant role in the field of education. It has transformed the way students learn and teachers teach. For instance, the use of interactive whiteboards in classrooms allows for a more engaging and dynamic learning experience.Additionally, online learning platforms provide students with access to a wealth of resources and the flexibility to learn at their own pace.Moreover, technology has made education more inclusive by breaking down geographical barriers. Students from remote areas can now participate in virtual classrooms, connecting with peers and educators worldwide. This has not only expanded their horizons but also fostered a global perspective on learning.In conclusion, technology has revolutionized education by enhancing the learning experience, providing greater access to resources, and fostering global connections. As we continue to embrace technological advancements, the potential for further transformation in education is limitless.。
大学生英语四级考试阅读理解试题及答案解析
大学生英语四级考试阅读理解试题及答案解析在日复一日的学习、工作生活中，我们都可能会接触到试题，试题是参考者回顾所学知识和技能的重要参考资料。
相信很多朋友都需要一份能切实有效地帮助到自己的试题吧？以下是我为大家收集的大学生英语四级考试阅读理解精选试题及答案解析，欢迎大家分享。
大学生英语四级考试阅读理解试题及答案解析1The world has become a world of cities. With the present rate of urban growth(3. 8% in the Third World) , the majority of the population of the world will be living in cities by the year 2000. This will transform the rural-urban equation which has marked the history of mankind up to now and will call for new example and a great deal of innovation to face this phenomenon.This being so, one must accept the fact that for some years to come, no policy will be capable of stopping or reversing the present migratory trend from the rural areas to the cities in the Third World. In Africa, the urban population will reach 330 million people by the end of the century as against 150 million in 1995.The number of people living in shanty-towns (贫富窟) will inevitably increase in spite of the efforts to improve housing conditions.Africa alone needs to build 12 million housing units between now and the year 2000 to meet its most basic needs. In an ILO study, M. S. V. Sethuraman estimates that in 70 Third "World cities the proportion of people living in shanty-towns varies from 15% to 70% and that about US $ 116 billion is required to give minimum comfort to these people by the turn of the century—less than US $ 10 billion per year.The world population is growing at a rate of about 90 million people per year, with the Third World accounting for 80 million of them. The pressure on cities can only go on increasing. The urban population of the developing countries will exceed 2 billion people by the year 2000 and since the main reason for the high demographic (人口统计的) growth is poverty, the additional population will be mostly made of people of very limited means.21. If the urban population of the developing countries exceeds 2 billion people by the year 2000, the main problem the additional people will face is______.A. housingB. foodC. povertyD. limited land22. According to the passage, "about US $116 billion is required to give minimum comfort to these people by the turn of the century—less than US $ 10 billion per year. " Do you think which year was the article written by saying "less than $ 10 billion per year" by theturn of the century?A. 1985.B. 1990.C. 1988.D. 2000.23. The mankind should face the phenomenon that the world has become a world of cities with______.A. a lot of difficultiesB. efforts to improve housing conditionC. pressure of the basic needsD. new models and a great deal of transformation of ideas and methods24. In Africa, people in cities will be______by the end of the century.A. almost twice as much as in 1985B. doubled than that in 1985C. over twice as much as in 1985D. 300 million25. In spite of the efforts to improve housing condition, the number of people living in shanty-towns will increase because______.A. houses in shanty-towns are cheapB. shanty-towns could provide people with minimum comfortC. no policy will be capable of stopping or changing the present immigrant tendency from the rural areas to the cities in the Third WorldD. the Third Word population is growing at a rate of about 80 million people per year答案：21. C 22. C 23. D 24. C 25. C大学生英语四级考试阅读理解试题及答案解析2There are two factors which determine an individuals intelligence. The first is the sort of brain he is born with. Human brains differ considerably, some being more capable than others. But no matter how good a brain he has to begin with, an individual will have a low order of intelligence unless he has opportunities to learn. So the second factor is what happens to the individual—the sort of environment in which he is reared. If an individual is handicapped envionmentally ,it is likely that his brain will fail to develop and he will never attain the level of intelligence of which he is capable. The importance of environment in determining an individuals intellingence can be demonstrated by the case history of the identical twins, Peter and Mark X. Being identical, the twins had identical brains at birth, and their growth processes were the same. When the twins were three months old , their parents died, and they were placed in separate foster homes. Peter was reated by parents of low intelligence in an isolatedcommunity with poor educational pooprtunities.Mark was reared inthe home of well-to-do parents who had been to college. He was read to as a child , sent to good schools, and given every opportunity to be stimulated intellectually.This enviromental difference continued until the twins were in their late teens, when theywere giben tesets to measure their intelligence. Marks I.Q. was 125, twenty-five points higher than the average and fully forty points higher than his identical brother. Given equal opportunities , the twins , having identical brains,would have tested at roughly the same level.1.This selection can best be titled_________.a.Measuring Your Intelligenceb.Intelligence and Environmentc.The Case of Peter and Markd.How the brain Influences Intelligence2.The beststatement of the main idea of this passage is that _____. a.human brains differ considerablyb.the brain a person is born with is improtant in determining his intelligencec.environment is crucial in determining a persons intelligenced. persons having identical brains will have roughly the same intelligence3.According to the passage , the average I.Q.is _____.a.85b.100c.110d.1254.The case history of the twins appears to support the conclusion that _______. a.individual with identical brains seldom test at same level b.an individuals intelligence is determined only by his enviroment ck of opportunity blocks the growth of intelligence d.changes of enviromentproduce changes in the structure of the brain5.This passage suggests that an individual s I.Q.______. a.can be predicted at birthb.stays the same throuthout his lifec.can be increased by educationd.is determined by his childhood答案：bcbcc大学生英语四级考试阅读理解试题及答案解析3There are three kinds of goals: short-term,medium-range and long-term goals. Short-range goals are those that usually deal with current activities,which we can apply on a daily basis.Such goals can be achieved in a week or less,or two weeks,or possible months.It should be remembered that just as a building is no stronger than its foundation ,out long-term goals cannot amount to very munch without the achievement of solid short-term goals.Upon completing our short-term goals,we should date the occasion and then add new short-term goals that will build on those that have been completed. The intermediate goals bukld on the foundation of the short-range goals.They might deal with just one term of school or the entire school year,or they could even extend for several years.Any time you move a step at a time,you should never allow yourself to become discouraged or overwhelmed. As you complete each step,you will enforce the belief inyour ability to grow adn succeed.And as your list of completion dates grow,your motivation and desire will increase. Long-range goals may be related to our dreams of the future. They might cover five years or more. Life is not a static thing.We should never allow a long-term goal to limit us or our course of action. 1.Our long-term goals mean a lot______.A.if we complete our short-range goalsB.if we cannot reach solid short-term goalsC.if we write down the datesD.if we put forward some plans2.New short-term goals are bulid upon______.A.two yearsB.long-term goalsC.current activitiesD.the goals that have been completed3.When we complete each step of our goals ,______.A.we will win final successB.we are overwhelmedC.we should build up confidence of successD.we should strong desire for setting new goals 4.Once our goals are drawn up,_______.A.we should stick to them until we complete themB.we may change our goals as we have new ideas and opportunitiesC.we had better wait for the exciting news of successD.we have made great decision5.It is implied but not stated in the passage that ______.A.those who habe long-term goals will succeedB.writing down the dates may discourage youC.the goal is only a guide for us to reach our desinationD.every should have a goal答案：adcbc大学生英语四级考试阅读理解试题及答案解析4Today ,as in every other day of the year ,more than 3000 U.S. adlescents will smoke their first cigarette on their way to becoming regular smokers as adults. During their lifetime,it can be expected that of these 3000 about 23 will be murdered,30 will die in traffic accidents, and nearly 750 will be killed by a smoking-related disease. The number of deaths attributed to cigarette smoking outweithts all other factors, whether voluntary or involuntary, as a cause of death. Since the late 1970s, when daily smoking among high school seniors reached 30 precent , smoking rates among youth have declined . While the decline is impressive ,several important issues must be raised. First, in the past several years,smoking rates among youth have declined very little. Second,in the late 1970s ,smoking among male high school seniors exceeded that among female by nearly 10 percent . The statistic is reversing.Third ,several recent studies have indicate high school dropouts have excessively high smoking rates, as much as 75 percent . Finally,thouth significant declines in adolescent smoking have occurred in the past decade,no definite reasons for the decline exist. Within this context,the Naional Cancer Instiute (NCI) began its current effort to determine the most effecive measures to reduce smoking levesl among youth.1.According to the author, the deaths among youth are mainly caused by _____.a.traffic accidentsb.smoking-related deseasec.murderd.all of these2.Every day there are over_____high school strdents who will become regular smoker.a.75b.23c.30d.30003.By "dropout" the author means______.a.students who failed the examinationb.students who left schoolc.students who lost their wayd.students who were driven out of school4.The reason for declining adolescent smoking is that ________.a.NCI has taken effective measuresb.smoking is prevented among high school seniorsc.there are many smokers who have died of cancerd.none of these5.What is implied but not stated by the author is that ________.a.smoking rates among youth have declined very littleb.there are now more female than male smokers among high school seniorsc.high smoking rates are due to the incease in wealthd.smoking at high school are from low socio-economic backgrounds答案：bdbdb【大学生英语四级考试阅读理解试题及答案解析】。
大学英语四级阅读理解试题40篇(含答案)
大学英语四级阅读理解试题40篇之一（含答案）There are three kinds of goals: short-term,medium-range and long-term goals. Short-range goals are those that usually deal with current activities,which we can apply on a daily basis.Such goals can be achieved in a week or less,or two weeks,or possible months.It should be remembered that just as a building is no stronger than its foundation ,out long-term goals cannot amount to very munch without the achievement of solid short-term goals.Upon completing our short-term goals,we should date the occasion and then add new short-term goals that will build on those that have been completed.The intermediate goals bukld on the foundation of the short-range goals.They might deal with just one term of school or the entire school year,or they could even extend for several years.Any time you move a step at a time,you should never allow yourself to become discouraged or overwhelmed. As you complete each step,you will enforce the belief in your ability to grow adn succeed.And as your list of completion dates grow,your motivation and desire will increase.Long-range goals may be related to our dreams of the future. They might cover five years or more. Life is not a static thing.We should never allow a long-term goal to limit us or our course of action.1.Our long-term goals mean a lot______.A.if we complete our short-range goalsB.if we cannot reach solid short-term goalsC.if we write down the datesD.if we put forward some plans2.New short-term goals are bulid upon______.A.two yearsB.long-term goalsC.current activitiesD.the goals that have been completed3.When we complete each step of our goals ,______.A.we will win final successB.we are overwhelmedC.we should build up confidence of successD.we should strong desire for setting new goals4.Once our goals are drawn up,_______.A.we should stick to them until we complete themB.we may change our goals as we have new ideas and opportunitiesC.we had better wait for the exciting news of successD.we have made great decision5.It is implied but not stated in the passage that ______.A.those who habe long-term goals will succeedB.writing down the dates may discourage youC.the goal is only a guide for us to reach our desinationD.every should have a goal答案：adcbc大学英语四级阅读理解试题40篇之二（含答案）The economy of the United states after 1952 was the econnomy of a well-fed,almost fully employed people. Despit occasional alarms, the country escaped any postwar depression and lived in a state of boom. A n economic survey of the year 1955, a typical year of the 1950’s, may betypical as illustrating the rapid economic growth of the decade. The national output was value at 10 percent above that of 1954 (1955 output was estimated at 392 billion dollars). The production of manufacturers was about 40 percent more than it had averaged in the years immediately following World War 2. The country’s business spent about 30billion dollars for new factories and machinery. National income available for spending was almost a third greater than it had been it had been in 1950. Consumers spent about 256 billion dollars; that is about 700 million dollars a day ,or about twenty-five million dollars every hour , all round the clock. Sixty-five million people held jobs and only a little more than two million wanted jobs but could not find them . Only agriculture complained that it was not sharing in the room. To some observers this was an ominous echo of the mid-1920’s . As farmer’s shre of their products declined , marketing costs rose. But there were , among the observers of the national economy, a few who were not as confident as the majority . Those few seemed to fear that the boom could not last and would eventually lead to the oppsite-depression.1. What is the best title of the passage?a. The Agriculatural Trends of 1950’sb. The Unemployment Rate of 1950’sc. U.S. Economy in the 50’sd. The Federal Budget of 19522. In Line 3, the word “boom” could best be replaced by______.a. nearby explosionb. thunderous noisec. general public supportd. rapid economic growth3. It can be inferred the national from the passage that most people in the United States in 1955 viewed the national economy with an air of _________.a. confidenceb. confusionc. disappointmentd. suspicion4. Which of the following were LEAST satisfied with the national economy in the 1950’s?a. Economistsb. Frmaersc. Politiciansd. Steelworkers5. The passage states that incom available for spending in the U.S. was greater in 1955 than in 1950 . How much was it ?a. 60％b. 50％c. 33％d. 90％答案：cdabc大学英语四级阅读理解试题40篇之三（含答案）Women are also underrepresented in the administration and this is because there are so few women full professors. In 1985,Regent Beryl Milburn produced a report blasting the University of Texas System adminitration for not encouraging women.The University was rated among the lowest for the system.In a 1987 update ,Milburn commended the progress that was made and called for even more improvement.One of the positive results from her study was a System-wide program to inform women of available administrative jobs.College of Communication Associate Dean Patrica Witherspoon,said it is important that woman be flexible when it comesto relocating if they want to rise in the ranks.Although a woman may face a chilly climate on campus , many times in order for her to succeed , she must rise above the problems around her and concentrate on her work.Until women make up a greater percentage of the senior positions in the University and all academia,inequities will exist."Women need to spend their energies and time doing scholarly activities that are important here atthe University." Spirduso said. "If they do that will be successful in this system.If they spend their time in little groups mourning the sexual discrimination that they think exists here, they are wasting valuable study time."1.According to Spirduso,women need to ____.a.produce a report on sexual discriminationb.call for further improvement in their working conditionsc.spend their energies and time fighting against sexual discriminationd.spend more time and energy doing scholarly activities2.From this passage ,we know that _____.a.there are many women full professors in the University of Texasb.women play an important part in adminitrating the Universityc.the weather on the campus is chillyd.women make up a small percentage of the senior positions in the University3.Which of the following statements is true?a.the number of women professors in the University in 1987 was greater than that of 1985b.the number of women professors in the University in 1987 was smaller than that of 1985c.the number of women professors was the same as that of 1985d.more and more women professors thought that sexual discrimination did exit in the University4.One of the positive results from Milburn's study was that _____.a.women were told to con centrate on teir workb.women were given information about available administrative jobsc.women were encouraged to take on all the administrative jobs in the Unversityd.women were encouraged to do more scholarly activities5. The title for this passage should be _______.a.The University of Texasburn's Reportc.Women Professorsd.Sexual Discrimination in Academia答案：ddabd大学英语四级阅读理解试题40篇之四（含答案）Today ,as in every other day of the year ,more than 3000 U.S. adlescents will smoke their first cigarette on their way to becoming regular smokers as adults. During their lifetime,it can be expected that of these 3000 about 23 will be murdered,30 will die in traffic accidents, and nearly 750 will be killed by a smoking-related disease. The number of deaths attributed to cigarette smoking outweithts all other factors, whether voluntary or involuntary, as a cause of death.Since the late 1970s, when daily smoking among high school seniors reached 30 precent , smoking rates among youth have declined . While the decline is impressive ,several important issues must be raised.First, in the past several years,smoking rates among youth have declined very little. Second,in thelate 1970s ,smoking among male high school seniors exceeded that among female by nearly 10 percent . The statistic is reversing.Third ,several recent studies have indicate high school dropouts have excessively high smoking rates, as much as 75 percent .Finally, thouth significant declines in adolescent smoking have occurred in the past decade,no definite reasons for the decline exist. Within this context,the Naional Cancer Instiute (NCI) began its current effort to determine the most effecive measures to reduce smoking levesl among youth.1.According to the author, the deaths among youth are mainly caused by _____.a.traffic accidentsb.smoking-related deseasec.murderd.all of these2.Every day there are over_____high school strdents who will become regular smoker.a.75b.23c.30d.30003.By "dropout" the author means______.a.students who failed the examinationb.students who left schoolc.students who lost their wayd.students who were driven out of school4.The reason for declining adolescent smoking is that ________.a.NCI has taken effective measuresb.smoking is prevented among high school seniorsc.there are many smokers who have died of cancerd.none of these5.What is implied but not stated by the author is that ________.a.smoking rates among youth have declined very littleb.there are now more female than male smokers among high school seniorsc.high smoking rates are due to the incease in wealthd.smoking at high school are from low socio-economic backgrounds答案：bdbdb大学英语四级阅读理解试题40篇之五（含答案）The food we eat seems to have profound effects on our health.Although science has made enormous steps in making food more fit to eat ,it has, at the same time,made many foods unfit to eat. Some research has shown that perhaps eighty percent of all human illnesses are related to diet and forty percent of cancer is related to the diet as well,especially cancer of the colon. Different cultures are more likely to cause certain different illnesses because of the food that is characteristic in these cultures. That food is related to illness is nto a new discovery. In 1945, about 35 years ago, government researchers realized that nitrates, commonly used to preserve color in meats,and other food additivies,caused cancer. Yet, these carcinogenic additives remain in our food, and it becomes more difficult all the time to know which things on the packaging labels of processed food are helpful or harmful. The additives which we eat are not all so direct. Farmers often give penicillin to beef and living animals, and because of this ,penicillin has been found in the milk of treated cow. Sometimes similar drugs are given to animals not for medical purposes,but for financial reasons. The farmers are simply trying to fatten the animals in order to obtain a higher price on the market. Although the Food and Drug Administration(FDA) has tried repeatedly to control theseprocedures, the practices continue.1.What is the best possible title of the passage?a.Drug and Foodb.Cancer and Healthc.Food and Healthd.Health and Drug2.Which of the following statements is NOT ture?a.Drugs are always given to animals for medical reasonsb.Some of the additives in our food are added to the food itself and some are given to the living animalsc.Researchers have known about the potential dangers of food additives for over thirty-five years.d.Food may cause forty percent of cancer in world.3.How has science done something harmful to mankind?a.Because of science , diseases caused by polluted food haven been virtually eliminated.b.It has caused a lack of information concerning the value of food.c.Because of the application of science,some potentially harmful substances have been added to food.d.The scientists have preserved the color of meats,but not of vegetables.4.What are nitrates used for?a.They preserve flavor in packaged foods.b.They preserve the color of meats.c.They are the objects of research.d.They cause the animals to become fatter.5.The word 'carcinogenic' most nearly means '_____'.a.trouble-makingb.color-retainingc.money-makingd.cancer-causing答案：cacbd大学英语四级阅读理解试题40篇之六（含答案）As the pace of life continues to increase ,we are fast losing the art of relaxation. Once you are in the habit of rushing through lift,being on the go from morning till night, it is hard to slow down. But relaxation is essential for a healthy mind and body.Stress is an natural part of everyday lift and there is no way to avoid it. In fact ,it is not the bad thing it is often supposed to be .A certain amount of stress is vital to provide motivation adn give purpose to life. It is only when the stress gets out of control that it can lead to poor performance and ill health.The amount of stress a person can withstand depends very much on the individual. Some people are not afraid of stress,and such characters are obviously prime material for managerial responsibilities. Others lose heart at the first signs of unusual difficulties. When exposed to stress,in whatever form,we react both chemically and physically. In fact we make choice between "fight" or "flight" and in more primitive days the choice made the difference between life or death. The crises we meet today are unlikely to be so extreme,but however little the stress,it involves thesame response. It is when such a reaction lasts long,through continued exposure to stress,that health becomes endangered.Such serious conditions as high blood pressure and heart disease have established links with stress.Since we cannot remove stress from our lives(it would be unwise to do so even if we could),we need to find ways to deal with it.1.People are finding less and less time for relaxing themselves because_____.a.they do not know how to enjoy themselvesb.they do not believe that relaxation is important for healthc.they are travelling fast all the timed.they are becoming busier with their work2.According to the writer ,the most important character for a good manager is his ________.a.not fearing stressb.knowing the art of relaxationc.high sense of responsibilityd.having control over performance3.Which of the follwing statements is ture?a.We can find some ways to avoid stressb.Stress is always harmful to peoplec.It is easy to change the hagit of keeping oneself busy with work.d.Different people can withstand different amounts of stress4.In Paragraph 3, "such a reaction" refers back to_______.a."making a choice between 'flight' or 'fight'"b."reaction to stress both chemically and physically"c."responding to crises quickly"d."losing heart at the signs difficulties"5.In the last sentence of the passage,"do so " refers to ______.a."expose ourselves to stress"b."find ways to deal with stress"c."remove stress from our lives"d."established links between diseases and stress"答案：dadbc大学英语四级阅读理解试题40篇之七（含答案）In the 1960s, many young Americans were dissatisfied with American society. They wanted to end the Vietnam War and to make all of the people in the U.S. epual. Some of them decided to "drop out" of American society and form their own societies . They formed utopian communities , which they called "communes," where they could follow their philosophy of "do your own thing." A group of artists founded a commune in southern Colorado called "Drop City." Following the ideas of philosopher and architect Buckminster Fuller they built domeshaped houses from pieces of old cars. Other groups, such as author Ken Kesey's Merry Pranksters, the followers fo San Francisco poet Steve Gakin, and a group that called itself the Hog Farm, lived in old school huses andtraveled around the United States. The Hog Farm become famous when they helped organize the Woodstock Rock Festival in 1969. Steve Gaskin's followers tried to settle down on a farm in Tennessee, but they had to leave when some members of the gruop were arrested for growing marijuana.Not all communes believed in the philosophy of "do you own thing," however . Twin Oaks , a commune founded in Virgiania in the late 1960s, was based on the ideas of psychologist B.F.Skinner. The people who lived at Twin Oaks were carefully controlled by Skinner's "conditioning" techniques to do things that were good for the community. In 1972, Italian architect Paolo Soleri began to build Arcosanti, a utopian city Arizsona where 2500 people will live closely together in one large building called an "archology" Soleri believes that people must live closely together so that they will all become one.1.Why did some young Americans decide to "drop out" of scoiety during the 1960s?a.They were not satisfied with American society.b.They wanted to grow marijuana.c.They wanted to go to the Vietnam War.d.They did not want all people to be equal.2.Where did the members of the Hog Farm commune live?a.In dome-shaped houseb.In old school husesc.On a farm inTennesseed.In an archology in Arizona3.Who gave the people of Drop City the idea to bulid dome-shaped house?a.Paolo Solerib.B.G.Skinnerc.Steve Gaskind.Buckminster Fuller4.What was the Twin Oaks commune base on ?a.The philosophy of "do your own thing"b.Virginaia in the late 1960sc.The ideas of psychologistd.The belief that people must live closely togerher.5.What is an "archology"?a.A person who studies archaeologyb.A large building where people live closely togetherc.A city in A rizonad.A technique to contorl people答案：abdcb大学英语四级阅读理解试题40篇之八（含答案）There are two factors which determine an individual's intelligence. The first is the sort of brain heis born with. Human brains differ considerably, some being more capable than others. But no matter how good a brain he has to begin with, an individual will have a low order of intelligence unless he has opportunities to learn. So the second factor is what happens to the individual—the sort of environment in which he is reared. If an individual is handicapped envionmentally ,it is likely that his brain will fail to develop and he will never attain the level of intelligence of which he is capable.The importance of environment in determining an individual's intellingence can be demonstrated by the case history of the identical twins, Peter and Mark X. Being identical, the twins had identical brains at birth, and their growth processes were the same. When the twins were three months old , their parents died, and they were placed in separate foster homes. Peter was reated by parents of low intelligence in an isolatedcommunity with poor educational pooprtunities.Mark was reared inthe home of well-to-do parents who had been to college. He was read to as a child , sent to good schools, and given every opportunity to be stimulated intellectually.This enviromental difference continued until the twins were in their late teens, when they were giben tesets to measure their intelligence. Mark's I.Q. was 125, twenty-five points higher than the average and fully forty points higher than his identical brother. Given equal opportunities , the twins , having identical brains,would have tested at roughly the same level.1.This selection can best be titled_________.a.Measuring Your Intelligenceb.Intelligence and Environmentc.The Case of Peter and Markd.How the brain Influences Intelligence2.The beststatement of the main idea of this passage is that _____.a.human brains differ considerablyb.the brain a person is born with is improtant in determining his intelligencec.environment is crucial in determining a person's intelligenced. persons having identical brains will have roughly the same intelligence3.According to the passage , the average I.Q.is _____.a.85b.100c.110d.1254.The case history of the twins appears to support the conclusion that _______.a.individual with identical brains seldom test at same levelb.an individual's intelligence is determined only by his enviromentck of opportunity blocks the growth of intelligenced.changes of enviroment produce changes in the structure of the brain5.This passage suggests that an individual 's I.Q.______.a.can be predicted at birthb.stays the same throuthout his lifec.can be increased by educationd.is determined by his childhood答案：bcbcc大学英语四级阅读理解试题40篇之九（含答案）As she walked round the huge department store,Edith reflected how difficult it was to choose a suitable Christmas present for her father.She wish that he was as easy to please as her mother, who was always delighted with perfumeBesides,shoppong at this time of the year was a most disgreeable experience :people trod on your toes,poked you with their elbows and almost knocked you overin their haste to get to a bargain ahead of you.Partly to have a rest, Edith paused in front of a counter where some attracive ties were on display. "They are real silk," the assistant assured her, trying to tempt her. "Worth double the price." But edit knew from past experience that her choice of ties hardly ever pleased her father.She moved on reluctantly and then quite by chance, stopped where a small crowd of man had gathered round a counter. She found some good quality pipes on sale-----and the prices were very reasonable. Edith did not hesitate for long : although her father only smoked a pipe occasionally, she knew that this was a present which was bund to please him.When she got home,with her small well-chosen present concealed in her handbag, her parents were already at the supper table. Her mother was in an especially cheerful mood, "Your father has at last to decided to stop smoking." She informed her daughter.1.Edith's father _______.a.did not like presentb.never got presentc.preferred tiesd.was difficult to choose a present for2.The assistant spoke to Edith because she seemed_______.a.attractiveb.interested in tiesc.tiredd.in need of comfort3.Edith stopped at the next counter_________.a.puroselyb.suddenlyc.unwillinglyd.accidentally4.Edith's father smoked a pipe_______.a.when he was obligedb.on social occasionsc.from time to timed.when he was delighted5.Shopping was very disagreeable at that time of the year because_______.a.coustomers trod on each other's toesb.coustomers poked each other with their elbowsc.customers knocked each otherd.customers were doing their shopping in a great hurry答案：dbdcd大学英语四级阅读理解试题40篇之十（含答案）If the population of the earth goes on increasing at its present rate, there will eventually not be enough resources left to sustain life on the planet.By the middle of the 21st century,if present trends continue, we will have used up all the oil that drives our cars,for example.Even if scientists develop new ways of feeding the human race,the crowded conditions on earth will make it necessary for lus to look for open space somewhere else. But none of the other planets in our solar system are capable of supporting life at present. One possible solution to the problem, however,has recently been suggested by American scientist, Professor Carl Sagan.Sagan believes that before the earth's resources are compleetely exhausted it will be possible to change the atmophere of V enus and so create a new world almost as large as earth itself. The difficult is that Venus is much hotter than the earth and there is only a tiny amount of water there. Sagan proposes that algae organisms that can live in extremely hot or cold atmospheres and at the same time produce oxygen,should be bred in condition similar to those on Venus.As soon as this has been done, the algae will be placed in small rockets. Spaceship will then fly to Venus and fire the rockets into the atmosphere .In a fairly short time, the alge will break down the carbon dioxide into oxygen and carbon.When the algae have done theri work, the atmosphere will become cooler,but befor man can set foot on Venus it will be neccessary for the oxygen to produce rain. The surface of the planet will still be too hot for man to land on it but the rain will eventually fall and in a few years something like earth will be reproduced on Venus.1.Inte long run, the most insoluble problem caused by population growth on earth will probably be the lack of ______.a.foodb.oilc.spaced.resources2.Carl Sagan believes that Venus might be colonized from earth because _____a.it might be possible to change its atmosphereb.its atmosphere is the same as the earth'sc.there is a good supply of water on Venusd.the days on Venus are long enough3.On Venus there is a lot of ________.a.waterb.carbon dioxidec.carbon monoxided.oxygen4.Algae are plants that can____.a.live in very hot temperaturesb.live in very cold temperaturesc.manufacture oxygend.all of the above5. Man can land on Venus only when_______.a.the algae have done their workb.the atmosphere becomes coolerc.thereis oxygend.it rains there答案：cabdd大学英语四级阅读理解试题40篇之十一（含答案）What is your favourite colour? Do you like yellow , orange ,red? If you do ,you must be an optimist, a leader, an active person who enjoys life, people and excitement. Do you prefer greys and blues? Then you are probably quiet,shy, and you would rather follow than lead. You tend to be a pessimist. At least, this is what psychologists tell us, and they should know,because they have been seriously studying the meaning of colours preference, as well as the effect that colours have on human beings. They tells us, among other facts,that we do not choose our favourite clour as we grow up----we are born with our preference.If you happen to love brown, you did so, as soon as you opened your eyes, or at least as soon as you could see clearly.Colours do influence our moods----there is no doubt about it .A yellow room makes most people feel more cheerful and more relaxed than a dark green one; and a red dress brings warmth and cheer to the saddest winter day. On the other hand ,black is depressing. A black bridge over the Thames River, near London, used to be the scene of more suicides than any other bridge in the area ----until it was repainter green.The number of suicide attempts immediately fell sharply ;perhaps it would have fallen even more if the bridge had been done in pink or baby blue. Light and bright colours make people not only hppier but more active. It is an established fact that factory workers work better,harder ,and have fewer accidents when their machines are painted orange rather than black or grey.1."You would rather follow than red" means_______.a.you don't like to follow othersb.you would be a member rather than a leaderc.you would be afraid of following othersd.you would like to be a leader rather than a follower2.If one enjoys life, one is sure to prefer________.a.red to yellowb.blue to orangec.red to greyd.blue to yellow3."They tell us, among other facts,that we don't choose our favourite colours as we grow up."。
四级阅读答案(整理10篇)
四级阅读答案（整理10篇）篇1：四级阅读答案四级阅读答案四级英语考试阅读题：Questions 56 to 60 are based on thefollowing passage.Scientists at Washington University School of Medicine in the US found higher levels of protein S1PR2(磷酸鞘氨醇受体蛋白)in tests on the brains of female mice and dead women with MS than in male equivalents.Four times more women than men are currently diagnosed with Multiple Sclerosis(多发性硬化症).Experts said the finding was”really interesting”.MS affects the nerves in the brain and spinal cord，which causes problems with muscle movement，balance and vision.It is a major cause ofdisability,and affects about 1 00，000 people in the UK.Abnormal immune cells aRack nerve cells in the central Nervous system in MS patients.There is currently no cure，A.though there are treatments that can help in the early stages of the disease.Researchers in Missouri looked at relapsing remitting(复发缓解型)MS，where people have distinct attacks of symptoms that tllen fade away either partially or completely.About 85%of all people with MS have this type.Scientists studied the blood vessels and brains of healthy mice，mice with MS，and mice without the gene for SlPR2，a blood vessel receptor protein，to see how it affected MSseverity.They A.so 100ked at the brain tissue samples of 20 people after they had died.They found high levels of S1PR2 in the areas of the brain typically damaged by MS in both mice and people.Tlle activity of the gene coding for S1 PR2 was positively correlated with the severity of the disease in mice.the study said.Scientists said S l PR2 could work by helping to make the blood-brain barrier,in charge of stopping potentiA.ly harmful substances from entering the brain and spial fluid.more permeable.A more permeable barrier could let attacking cells，which cause MS，into the central nervous system，the study said.This link[between MS and SlPR2] is completely new一it has never been found before.Dr Emma Gray,of the MS Society,said：”We don’t yet fully understand why MS affects more women than men,and it’s an areathat’s intrigued scientists，and people with MS，for many years.She said understanding the causes of MS wa s a“priority”for the MS Society in the UK.and could be“crucial”in finding new treatments.56.What can we infer from the last sentence in Para.1 ?A. Wbmen are more likely to be diagnosed with Multiple Sclerosis.B.Men are more likely to be diagnosed with Multiple Sclerosis.C.Male mice are more likely to be diagnosed with Multiple Sclerosis.D、FemA.e mice are more likely to be diagnosed with Multiple Sclerosis.57.What problem does MS mainly cause?A.In natured muscle movement.B.Bad bA.ance.C. DisabilityD.Bad eyesight.58.What is the relationship between the severity ofMS and level ofSlPR2?A. A.The level of S 1 PR2 is higher,the MS is less severe.B.The level of S 1PR2 is higher,the MS is more severe.C. The level of S 1 PR2 is lower,the MS is less severe.D、The level of S 1 PR2 is lower,the MS is more severe.59.What role does SlPR2 play in helping the permeabilityofblood.brain barrier?A.It can make blood.brain barrier impermeable.B.It can make blood—brain barrier less permeable.C.It can make blood—brain barrier permeable.D.It can make blood—brain barrier more permeable.60.What can we infer from the whole passage?A.Four times more women than men are currently diagnosed with MS.B. The level of S 1 PR2 was positively correlated with theseverity of MS.C.The reason why MS affects more women than men is unknown.D.Multiple sclerosis discovery may explain gender gap.Questions 61 to 65 are based on e web search—-which scours only the latest updates to services like Twitter—is currently generating quite a buzz because it can provide a glimpse of what people around the world are thinking or doing at any given moment.Interest in this kind of search is so great that，according to recent leaks，Google is considering buying Twitter.The latest research from the interact search giant，though，suggests that real—time results could be even more powerful—they may reveal the future as well as the present.Google researchers Hyunyoung Choi and Hal Varian combined data from Google Trends on the popularity of different search terms with models used by economists to predict trends in areas such as travel and home sales.The result?Better forecasts in A.most every case.It works because searches reveal something about people’sintentions.Google has demonstrated before that search data canpredict flu outbreaks，and last week World Bank economist Erik Feyen said he could cut errors in a model that forecasts lending to the private sector by 15%using Google search data.But real-time results could have even more predictive power：knowing what people are actually doing，not just thinking，at a particular instant gives a strong hint of the future consequences. Johan Bollen of Los A.amos NationA. Laboratory and A.berto Pepe of the University of California，Los Angeles，applied a mood rating system to the text from over 10，000 Future Me emails sent in to gauge people’s hopes，fears and predictions for the future.They found that emails directed at to were significantly more depressed in tone than messages aimed at the subsequent six years.Could they have predicted the world’s current economic slump?Without more data，that is no more than an intriguingpossibility.So Bollen plans to look at more Future Me emails，as well as Twitter messages，to search for mood swings that foreshadow other economic changes.If he finds any such links.the sanle sources might be used to try and predict future economic fluctuations.So will our online footsteps become a central part of economic forecasting?We’11 have to wait and see——0r perhaps do a quick web search.61.What is real-time web search.like Twitter?A.It tells us what people did in past days.B.It generates quite a buzz in recent days.C.It provides latest news about everything.D.It informs what people do in the future.62.What is the result of research established by Google researchers Hyunyoung Choi and Hal Varian?A.They gain nothing special from the combination of data and models.B. 11ley indeed reveal something about people’s intentions in such areas.C. They find that the future trends cannot be predicted from the research.D.They totally understand the future trends of these areas from research.63.What can we infer from Para.5?A. It is possible for researchers to get some hints from the Future Me emails.B. There is no relationship between the depression and economic slump.C.There is a potential relationship between depression and economic slump.D.The Future Me emails may indicate people’s reaction about future prediction.64.What’s the meaning of“Without more data,that is no more than an intriguing possibilit y.”?A. More data are necessary to turn this possibility to be reality.B.The possibility is just all intriguing possibility without data.C. No amount of data cannot be a strong proof for thepossibility.D.More data are needed to turn it out to be a pure possibility.65.What’s the attitude of author to real.time search?A.Negative.B.istic.D.Indifferent.：56.What can we infcr from the last sentence in Para.从第一段最后一句话可以推断出什么?A.Women are more likely to be diagnosed with Multiple Sclerosis.女性更容易被诊断出患多发性硬化症。
英语四级阅读理解精选练习及参考答案
英语四级阅读理解精选练习及参考答案四级阅读理解精选练习一：Trees should only be pruned when there is a good and clear reason for doing so and , fortunately,the number of such reasons is small. Pruning involves the cutting away of obergrown and unwanted branches, and the inexperienced gardener can be encouraged by the thought that more damage results from doing it unnecessarily than from leaving the tree to grow in its own way.First, pruning may be done to make sure that trees have a desired shape or size. The object may be to get a tree of the right height, and at the same time to help the growth of small side branches which will thicken its appearance or give it a special shape. Secondly, pruning may be done to make the tree healthier. You may cut diseaed or dead wood, or branches that are rubbing against each other and thus cause wounds. The health of a tree may be encouraged by removing branches that are blocking up the centre and so preventing the free movement of air.One result of pruning is that an open wound is left on the tree and this provides an easy entry for disease, but itis a wound that will heal. Often there is a race between the healing and the desease as to whether the tree will live or die, so that there is a period when the tree is at risk. It should be the aim of every gardener to reduce which has been pruned smooth and clean, for healing will be slowed down by roughness. You should allow the cut surface to dry for a few hurs and then paint it with oneof the substances available from garden shops produced especially for this purpose. Pruning is usually without interference from the leaves and also it is very unlikely that the cuts yu make will bleed. If this does happen,it is, of course,impossible to paint them properly.1.Pruning should be done to ______.a.make the tree grow tallerb.improve the shape of the treec.get rid of the small branchesd.make the small branches thicker2.Trees become unhealthy if the gardener ______.a.allows too many branches to grow in the middleb.does not protect them from windc.forces them to grow too quicklyd.damages some of the small side branches3.Why is a special substance painted on the tree?a.To make a wound smoothb.To prevent disease entering a woundc.To cover a rough surfaced.To help a wound to dry4.A good gardener prunes a tree______.a.at intervals throughout the yearb.as quickly as possiblec.occasionally when necessaryd.regular every winter5.What was the authors purpose when writing this passage?a.To give pratical instruction for pruning a tree.b.To give a general description of pruningc.To explain how trees develop diseasesd.To discuss different methods of pruning.答案：babca四级阅读理解精选练习二：On Thursday afternoon Mrs. Carke, dressed for going out, took her handbag with her money and her key in it, pulled the door behind her to lock it and went to the over 60s Club. She always went there on Thursdays. It was a nice outing for an old woman who lived alone.At six oclock she cane home, let herself in and at once smelt cigarette smoke. Cigarette smoke in her house? How? How? Had someone got in? She checked the back door and the windows. All were locked or fastened, as usual. There was no sign of forced entry.Over a cup of tea she wondered whether someone might have a key that fitted her front door-"a master key"perhaps. So she stayed at home the following Thursday. Nothing happened. Was anyone watching her movements?On the Thursday after that she went out at her usual time,dressed as usual, but she didnt go to the club. Instead she took a short cut home again, letting herself in through her garden and the back door. She settled down to wait.It was just after four oclock when the front door bell rang.Mrs. Clarke was making a cup of tea at the time. The bell rang again, and then she heard her letter-box being pushed open. With the kettle of boiling water in her hand, she moved quietly towards the front door. A long piece of wire appeared through the letter-box, and then a hand. The wire turned and caught around the knob on the door-lock. Mrs. Clarke raised the kettle and poured the water over the hand. There was a shout outside, and the skin seemed to drop off the fingers like a glove. The wire fell to the floor, the hand was pulled back, and Mrs. Clarke heard the sound of running feet.1.Mrs. Clarke looded forward to Thursday because_______.a.she worked at a club on the dayb.she said visitors on Thursdaysc.she visited a club on Thursdayd.a special visitor came on Thursday2.If someone had made a forced entery,_______.a.Mrs.Clarke would have found a broken door or windowb.he or she was still in the housec.things would have been thown aboutd.he or she would have needed a master key3.On the third Thursday Mrs. Clarke went out_______.a.because she didnt want to miss the club againb.to see if the thief was hnging about outsidec.to the club but then changed her mindd.in an attempt to trick the thief4.The lock on the front door was one which_______.a.needed a piece of wire to open itb.could he opened from inside without a keyc.couldt be opened without a keyed a knob instead of a key5.The wire feel to the floor_______.a.because Mrs.Clarke refused to open the doorb.when the mans glove dropped offc.because it was too hot to holdd.because the man justwanted to get away答案：cadbd。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
英语四级考试阅读理解练习及答案导读：我根据大家的需要整理了一份关于《英语四级考试阅读理解练习及答案》的内容，具体内容：下面是我整理的，希望对大家有帮助。
In the age of a global economy and an information society, the world is...下面是我整理的，希望对大家有帮助。
In the age of a global economy and an information society, the world is now seeking a new economic pattern beyond traditional capitalism and socialism.As the influence of Japan in the world economy becomes greater, Japanese companies will necessarily be globalized in a "borderless" economy. There are two aspects to the information revolution. The first is rapid technologic innovation in various fields such as microelectronics, new materials and biotechnology. The second is the reorganization of industrial structure. These environmental changes require the Japanese economy to be a driving force of technological innovation and to create new business and new employment opportunities. Japanese companies should meet requirements not only to survive themselves, but also to lead the new industrial revolution throughout the world.We can say that the concept of HES proposes a new economic system which Japan has actually developed in the process of adaptation to a changing environment. HES is a system that can integrate both the efficiency of capitalistic competition and the equality of socialistic democracy. It is a system that can resolve the internal contradiction of both the systems of capitalism and socialism, in which power is concentrated in minority—the capitalists or the central government. Moreover, HES is a system of high productivity, which the Japanese economy demonstrates.In Japan, there seems to have been an invisible principle of "coexistence of opposites. " Historically, Japan has allowed the coexistence of various religions such as Shintoism, Buddhism, Confucianism, Taoism and Christianity. In the process of modernization after the Meiji Restoration, Japan has incorporated Western science and technology onto the Eastern spiritual culture. Since the Second World War, Japan has built a cooperative relationship between management and labor unions. Today, Japan is trying to synthesize capitalism and socialism into a new economic system.21. The title below that best expresses the ideas of this passage isA. New Economic Pattern of the 21st CenturyB. The Influence of Japan on the World EconomyC. A Global Economy and an Information SocietyD. A System of High Productivity22. In the 2nd paragraph, the word "borderless" could best be replaced by which of the following?A. lack of borderB. edgelessC. international.D. global23. The phrase "These requirements" in Paragraph 2 meansA. environmental changesB. rapid technological innovation and reorganization of industrial structureC. the Japanese economy to be driving force of technological innovation and to create new business and new employment opportunitiesD. two aspects of information revolution24. HES is a system_______.A. that is a mixture of capitalism and socialismB. whose concept has been created by a changing environment of the worldC. in which Japanese productivity is highD. in which power is concentrated in a minority25. In Japan, an invisible principle of "coexistence of opposites" is shown in the passage in _______ respects.A. twoB. threeC. fourD. five21. A 22. D 23. C 24. A 25. CNewspapers often tell us of floods in some parts of the United States.Nearly every year on the great central drainages heavy rains and melting snow cause the waters to pour out the mountains and plains, to turn brooks into torrents, and to swell quiet streams into wild uncontrolled rivers. From Cairo to New Orleans, and from Pittsburgh to Paducah, the cry "River rising!" is a familiar yet fearful voice. . . When the rivers sometimes become too high or too swift to be controlled communities are flooded, families flee from their homes, croplands are washed out, and transportation comes to a halt. Hunger, disease, and death follow the wild waters.Although given less publicity, the agricultural damage done by the many smaller, more frequent floods usually far exceeds the losses caused by the very grand ones. In the Central States, ditches and drains cause the flows from spring rains and melting snow to run far more rapidly than in the days before white mensettled on the land. Once, excess spring flood waters emptied into lakes and swampy lands, there to be detained for slow release into stream and rivers. Now, systematic drainage has actually eliminated these natural reservoirs.In the more rolling sections of the East, spring runoff was formerly absorbed and held temporarily in the porous soils beneath the unbroken expanse of forest. When large areas were converted to farm use, removal of the forest and the practice of up-and-down hill plowing deprived the soils of much of their ability to catch and store water.The effects of eliminating the natural forest cover are shown in the gullied farm lands and widened stream channels found in some densely settled areas. Partly because the stream channels are more or less filled with material washed down from the uplands, and partly because storm runoff has increased, the channels are today no longer able to carry all the flow from heavy rains. This explains why the streams overtop banks far more often than in the days before settlement.26. The best title for the selection would be______.A. River Rising! River Rising!B. Forests and FloodsC. Flooding in the U. S.D. The Results of Flooding27. All of the following cause floods EXCEPT______.A. heavy rainB. melting snowC. increasing storm runoffD. porous soil28. The author states that______.A. lakes and swamps once acted like natural reservoirsB. up-and-down hill plowing catches and stores waterC. stream channels are the best carriers of waterD. floods are easily prevented and controlled29. According to the selection, streams overtop their banks partly because______.A. material from higher land is washed into themB. ditches and drains lead into themC. rivers become too swiftD. snow melts more rapidly nowadays30. The floods which are given most publicity______.A. cause no damageB. cause the most damageC. cause less agricultural damage than the many smaller, more frequent floodsD. far exceed the smaller, more frequent floods in agricultural loss26. C 27. D 28. A 29. A 30. C。