从句的类型
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1. The rumor spread that Sue and David were having an affair. 关系 暧昧。
2. The suggestion came from the chairman that the new rule be adopted.
Attention: 同位语从句与定语从句的区别： 1）尽管都有先行词，但引导词后面的从句与先行词关系不 同，同位语从句与先行词同位或等同，而定语从句则与先 行词是修饰关系。 2）同位语从句中的that在从句中不充当句子成分。
▪ The reason lies in that she works harder than the others do.
▪ I think it necessary that you should read English aloud.
ຫໍສະໝຸດ Baidu 同位语从句
用作同位语的从句叫做同位语从句.一般放在名词 fact , news , idea , promise, thought , suggestion, question, reply ,report 等之后,用以说明 或解释前面的名词.引导词that居多（非正式可省略), 引导词还有whether, how, where, what ,which, why等.如 :
too ill to go on working?
宾语从句IV be + adj +宾从 1. I am afraid that she may leave. 2. I’m not sure where she lives. 3. He is confident that he can pass the test.
▪ Attention:宾语从句中的连接词that在以下三种情 况下不能省略：
▪ （1）当that 从句与另一名词性从句并列作宾语时， 第二个that不能省；
▪ （2）当that作介词宾语时，that不可省掉。 ▪ （3）用it做形式宾语的宾语从句
▪ Everyone knew what happened and that she was worried.
表语从句
用作表语的从句叫做表语从句,引导词有连词that ,whether; 代词有who, what ,which;副词 when ,where, how, why 等.如:
1.The problem is that we didn’t get in touch with him. 2.The problem is who can get to replace her. 3. That’s where we met. 4. This is how we became close friends. 5. That was what they sold. 6. He is not what he was five years ago. 7. He looked just as he had looked ten years before. 8. His suggestion is that we (should) finish the work at once.
5. I don’t know whether he will succeed.
6. I asked her where she lived.
7. I’ll tell you why I asked you to come.
宾语从句II
除作动词宾语之外，宾语从句也可用作介词的宾语， 如：
1.He was deeply impressed by what has happened that day.
主语从句
subject clause
宾语从句
object clause
表语从句
predicative clause
同位语从句
appositive clause
名词性从句引导词 从属连词that, whether; 疑问代词who, what ,which; 疑问副词 when ,where, how, why 等
主语从句
Attention II: 全句是被动结构，常用it 作形式主 语; It is said that he has got married. 全句如是一般疑问句，常用it作形式主语; Is it probable that it will rain today? 全句如是感叹句，常用it 作形式主语; How strange it is that the children are so quiet?
主语从句
.用作主语的从句叫做主语从句，引导词有从属连 词that,whether; 疑问代词有who, what ,which; 疑问副词 when ,where, how, why 缩合代词 whoever,whatever.如:
1.That he hasn’t called us is strange. That they are very happy is obvious. Whether he will come is unknown.
如果句子的主语是suggestion,advice.order等名词时,后面引导 的表语从句用should+动词原形,should可省略.
宾语从句 I
用作宾语的从句叫做宾语从句.引导词有连词that， whether,if; 代词有who, whose,what ,whatever,which;副词 when ,where, how, why 等.如:
1.The thought that we might succeed excited us. 2.They were all very worried over the fact that you were
sick. 3.He was again troubled by the doubt whether or not he might venture to meet Mary at the station. 他再次为是否可冒昧去车站接玛丽这种顾虑所折磨。
{I don’t like his job.
宾语 I don’t like what he does every day.
{I don’t know the man, Mr. White.
同位语 I don’t know the fact that he is a teacher.
名词性从句 nominal clause
1.We believe that he is honest.
2.I told him I would come back soon.
3. That( 不 可 省 ） he ever said such a thing I simply don’t believe.
4. We decided, considering his age, that we would go with him.
2、两种从句都可以用that引导 e.g.
The suggestion that students should learn something practical is worth considering. （同位语从句） 学生应该学些实用的东西的建议值得考虑。
The suggestion that is worth considering is that the students should learn something practical. （定语从句）值得考虑的建议是学生应该学些实 用的东西。
➢Functions as nominal (noun, noun phrase)
▪ 副词性从句adverbial clause（状语从句）
➢Functions as adverbial
什么叫名词性从句？
▪ 在句子中起名词作用的从句叫名词从句 (Nominal Clauses）
▪ 名词从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在 复合句中能充当主语、宾语、表语、同 位语等
2.What she did is not yet known.
3. How this happened is not clear to anyone.
主语从句
4. Whoever comes is welcome. 5. Wherever you are is my home---my only
2. She was indifferent to what others were doing.
3. He made a long comment on what they have done.
宾语从句III 有时用it作形式宾语，把宾语从句放到句子后面。
1. He made it clear that he preferred to study English. 2. Why don’t you bring it to his attention that you’re
同位语从句与定语 从句的不同之处
1、从句的作用不同：同位语从句用来进一步 说明前面名词的内容；定语从句用来修饰、 限定前面的名词。
e.g. The news that our team has won the final match is encouraging. （从句说明“消息”的内容：我们队 取得了决赛胜利。） The news that you told us is really encouraging. （从句对“消息”加以限定：是你告诉我们的，而非 来自其他渠道。但消息是何内容却不得而知。）
▪ 因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名 词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从 句、表语从句和同位语从句
名词性从句 nominal clause
▪ 名词性从句在功能上相当于名词
{His job is important.
主语 What he does is important.
{ 表语 This is his job. This is what he does every day.
4. The question who should do the work needs consideration. 5. It is a question how he did it. 6. I have no idea what I should do.
同位语从句
有时同位语从句可以和同位的名词分开：
2、引导从句的关联词that的功能不同：that 引导同位语从句时是一个纯连词，不充当任 何成分；而引导定语从句的that是关系代词， 既指代先行词又须在从句中充当成分。
e.g.1) Dad made a promise that he would buy me CD player if I passed the English test. （that 不充当任何成分）
同位语从句与定语 从句的相似之处
1、两种从句都可以译成定语 e.g. The news that our team has won the final match
is encouraging. （同位语从句） 我们队取得决赛胜利的消息令人鼓舞。
The news that you told us is really encouraging. （定语从句）你告诉我们的消息真的令人鼓舞。
从句的类型
1. 主语从句 2. 表语从句 3. 同位语从句 4. 宾语从句 5. 定语从句 6. 状语从句
名词性从句
形容词性从句 副词性从句
从句类型
▪ 形容词性从句relative clause（定语从句）
➢Functions as adjectival ▪ 名词性从句nominal clause
home Attention I: 为了避免头重脚轻，可用it 作形式主 语，将真实的主语（主语从句）置于句末。 It is obvious that you are very happy. It is strange that he had made a mistake. It is not known yet whether they will come today.
2. The suggestion came from the chairman that the new rule be adopted.
Attention: 同位语从句与定语从句的区别： 1）尽管都有先行词，但引导词后面的从句与先行词关系不 同，同位语从句与先行词同位或等同，而定语从句则与先 行词是修饰关系。 2）同位语从句中的that在从句中不充当句子成分。
▪ The reason lies in that she works harder than the others do.
▪ I think it necessary that you should read English aloud.
ຫໍສະໝຸດ Baidu 同位语从句
用作同位语的从句叫做同位语从句.一般放在名词 fact , news , idea , promise, thought , suggestion, question, reply ,report 等之后,用以说明 或解释前面的名词.引导词that居多（非正式可省略), 引导词还有whether, how, where, what ,which, why等.如 :
too ill to go on working?
宾语从句IV be + adj +宾从 1. I am afraid that she may leave. 2. I’m not sure where she lives. 3. He is confident that he can pass the test.
▪ Attention:宾语从句中的连接词that在以下三种情 况下不能省略：
▪ （1）当that 从句与另一名词性从句并列作宾语时， 第二个that不能省；
▪ （2）当that作介词宾语时，that不可省掉。 ▪ （3）用it做形式宾语的宾语从句
▪ Everyone knew what happened and that she was worried.
表语从句
用作表语的从句叫做表语从句,引导词有连词that ,whether; 代词有who, what ,which;副词 when ,where, how, why 等.如:
1.The problem is that we didn’t get in touch with him. 2.The problem is who can get to replace her. 3. That’s where we met. 4. This is how we became close friends. 5. That was what they sold. 6. He is not what he was five years ago. 7. He looked just as he had looked ten years before. 8. His suggestion is that we (should) finish the work at once.
5. I don’t know whether he will succeed.
6. I asked her where she lived.
7. I’ll tell you why I asked you to come.
宾语从句II
除作动词宾语之外，宾语从句也可用作介词的宾语， 如：
1.He was deeply impressed by what has happened that day.
主语从句
subject clause
宾语从句
object clause
表语从句
predicative clause
同位语从句
appositive clause
名词性从句引导词 从属连词that, whether; 疑问代词who, what ,which; 疑问副词 when ,where, how, why 等
主语从句
Attention II: 全句是被动结构，常用it 作形式主 语; It is said that he has got married. 全句如是一般疑问句，常用it作形式主语; Is it probable that it will rain today? 全句如是感叹句，常用it 作形式主语; How strange it is that the children are so quiet?
主语从句
.用作主语的从句叫做主语从句，引导词有从属连 词that,whether; 疑问代词有who, what ,which; 疑问副词 when ,where, how, why 缩合代词 whoever,whatever.如:
1.That he hasn’t called us is strange. That they are very happy is obvious. Whether he will come is unknown.
如果句子的主语是suggestion,advice.order等名词时,后面引导 的表语从句用should+动词原形,should可省略.
宾语从句 I
用作宾语的从句叫做宾语从句.引导词有连词that， whether,if; 代词有who, whose,what ,whatever,which;副词 when ,where, how, why 等.如:
1.The thought that we might succeed excited us. 2.They were all very worried over the fact that you were
sick. 3.He was again troubled by the doubt whether or not he might venture to meet Mary at the station. 他再次为是否可冒昧去车站接玛丽这种顾虑所折磨。
{I don’t like his job.
宾语 I don’t like what he does every day.
{I don’t know the man, Mr. White.
同位语 I don’t know the fact that he is a teacher.
名词性从句 nominal clause
1.We believe that he is honest.
2.I told him I would come back soon.
3. That( 不 可 省 ） he ever said such a thing I simply don’t believe.
4. We decided, considering his age, that we would go with him.
2、两种从句都可以用that引导 e.g.
The suggestion that students should learn something practical is worth considering. （同位语从句） 学生应该学些实用的东西的建议值得考虑。
The suggestion that is worth considering is that the students should learn something practical. （定语从句）值得考虑的建议是学生应该学些实 用的东西。
➢Functions as nominal (noun, noun phrase)
▪ 副词性从句adverbial clause（状语从句）
➢Functions as adverbial
什么叫名词性从句？
▪ 在句子中起名词作用的从句叫名词从句 (Nominal Clauses）
▪ 名词从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在 复合句中能充当主语、宾语、表语、同 位语等
2.What she did is not yet known.
3. How this happened is not clear to anyone.
主语从句
4. Whoever comes is welcome. 5. Wherever you are is my home---my only
2. She was indifferent to what others were doing.
3. He made a long comment on what they have done.
宾语从句III 有时用it作形式宾语，把宾语从句放到句子后面。
1. He made it clear that he preferred to study English. 2. Why don’t you bring it to his attention that you’re
同位语从句与定语 从句的不同之处
1、从句的作用不同：同位语从句用来进一步 说明前面名词的内容；定语从句用来修饰、 限定前面的名词。
e.g. The news that our team has won the final match is encouraging. （从句说明“消息”的内容：我们队 取得了决赛胜利。） The news that you told us is really encouraging. （从句对“消息”加以限定：是你告诉我们的，而非 来自其他渠道。但消息是何内容却不得而知。）
▪ 因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名 词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从 句、表语从句和同位语从句
名词性从句 nominal clause
▪ 名词性从句在功能上相当于名词
{His job is important.
主语 What he does is important.
{ 表语 This is his job. This is what he does every day.
4. The question who should do the work needs consideration. 5. It is a question how he did it. 6. I have no idea what I should do.
同位语从句
有时同位语从句可以和同位的名词分开：
2、引导从句的关联词that的功能不同：that 引导同位语从句时是一个纯连词，不充当任 何成分；而引导定语从句的that是关系代词， 既指代先行词又须在从句中充当成分。
e.g.1) Dad made a promise that he would buy me CD player if I passed the English test. （that 不充当任何成分）
同位语从句与定语 从句的相似之处
1、两种从句都可以译成定语 e.g. The news that our team has won the final match
is encouraging. （同位语从句） 我们队取得决赛胜利的消息令人鼓舞。
The news that you told us is really encouraging. （定语从句）你告诉我们的消息真的令人鼓舞。
从句的类型
1. 主语从句 2. 表语从句 3. 同位语从句 4. 宾语从句 5. 定语从句 6. 状语从句
名词性从句
形容词性从句 副词性从句
从句类型
▪ 形容词性从句relative clause（定语从句）
➢Functions as adjectival ▪ 名词性从句nominal clause
home Attention I: 为了避免头重脚轻，可用it 作形式主 语，将真实的主语（主语从句）置于句末。 It is obvious that you are very happy. It is strange that he had made a mistake. It is not known yet whether they will come today.