七各类名词前冠词的用法

七、各类名词前冠词的用法

专有名词前冠词的用法

专有名词一般来说不需要加冠词，因为它本身就是特指的，尽管前面有形容词修饰也不加冠词：

人名：Bush，Shakespeare, Prince Edward, Little Tom, Big Hugh

地名：London, Oxford, Southwest Asia, Ancient Egypt

但有些特殊情况：

在某些地里名词前要加定冠词:

a.江、河、海洋：

the Yangtze River, the Thames River, the East China Sea, the Red Sea,

the Baltic, the Suez (Canal), the Pacific (Ocean), the Rhine

b.山脉群岛：

the Himalayas, the Alps, the Rocky Mountains, the Philippines, 菲律宾群岛

the West Indies 西印度群岛，the Balkan Peninsula, the Bahamas

但：Mount Blanc 布朗峰Christian Island 圣诞岛前不加the。

c.海峡海湾：

the English Channel 英伦海峡the Taiwan Straits 台湾海峡

the Bay of Biscay 比斯开湾the Persian Gulf 波斯湾

湖名前一半不加冠词：

Lake Ontario 安大略湖Lake Baikal 贝加尔湖Dongting Lake

但又个别湖名前也有加the 的，如：

the Lake of Geneva the Great Salt Lake

另外在下面这些地里名称前都加the ：

the Netherlands 荷兰the Vatican 梵蒂冈the Balkans 巴尔干半岛各国

the Middle East 中东the Hague , 海牙the Ukraine 乌克兰

the Caucasus 高加索the Crimea 克里米亚半岛the Sudan 苏丹

the Sahara 撒哈拉大沙漠

由普通名词构成的专有名词有很多加定冠词：

a.某些国名及政治组织的名称：

the People’s Republic of China, the United States, the United Kingdom

the United Nations, the General Assembly, the Security Council,

the People’s congress, the house of Commons, the Republican Party

(但Congress, Parliament 前不加冠词)

b.某些机构、学校及建筑等的名称：

the British Museum, the Victoria Chest Hospital, the New Century Oil Company

the Bronx Zoo, the Midland Bank, the University of Utah,

the Royal Academy of Music, the Odeon Cinema, the Pentagon

the Hilton (Hotel), the Phoenix (Theatre), the Titanic

c.某些报刊杂志的名称：

the New York Times the Chicago Tribume the Washington Post

the Labour Monthly the Daily News the Observer

the Economist the Times

(但Life, News Week, Harper’s 前不加the。)

下面这类名词前通常不加冠词：

a.大多数街名：Sunset Boulevard

b.广场名：Berkeley Square

c.车站、机场、公园、桥梁名：Central Station

d.大学名：Yale University

e.节日名：National Day

f.多数杂志名：Times

人名前一般不加冠词，但在一些特殊情况下也可以加冠词，如：

a.指某一个特定的人时刻加the:

The John you’re looking for is watching TV.

b.可加a(n) 表示“某一个”：

A Miss Johnson called you yeaterday.

c.在人名前可以加the + adj, 表示赞颂等情绪，或说明一时的特点：

The police Mr. Williams closed the door after him.

“Tell Bess to hurry up,” said the eager George.

d.人名前还可加a(n) 表示一些特别的意思：

A sad-faced Charles came in the meeting room.

He had a Raphael in his room.

其它专有名词有时也可以加冠词，如：

The car was a Benz, not a Buick.

What a strange New York he heard!

抽象名词前冠词的用法

抽象名词前一般不加冠词：

Practice makes perfect.

Failure is the mother of success.

His research made slow progress.

即使有描绘性定语时也都不加冠词：

This invitation gave her particular joy.

You have given me fresh hope.

I’m discussing ordinary human behavior.

当一个抽象名词不是用于一般概念，而是表示特定的内容，特别是当它有一限制性定语修饰时，常常需要加定冠词：

Physics is the science of matter and energy.

The invention of a space rocket took many years.

Her children were the joy of her life.

这里的关键是看这里的词是泛指还是特指，泛指不加冠词，特指加定冠词the。

泛指特指

I love music. He was intoxicated by the music.

It flooded his mind with beauty. We enjoyed the beauty of nature.

Necessity is the mother of invention. I regret the necessity of these measures.

我很遗憾有必要采取这些措施。