汽车专业英语复习资料

一、英译汉或汉译英

内燃机internal-combustion engine 传动系power train配气机构valve train点火系ignition system 火花塞spark plug 喷油器injector自动变速器automatic gearbox空气压缩机Air Compressor 转向器steering gears/box 柴油发动机diesel engine润滑系统lubrication system 排气冲程exhaust stroke压缩比compression ratio点火开关ignition switch 全驱动汽车all-wheel-drive 制动主缸master cylinder底盘chassis 盘式制动器disc brake 减振器shock absorber 万向节universal joint点火线圈ignition coil 悬架系统suspension system 凸轮轴camshaft

差速器differential 防抱死制动系统ABS (Antilock Braking System) 膜片弹簧diaphragm spring 保险杠bumper

节气门位置传感器throttle position sensor 商用汽车Commercial Vehicles承载式车身unitized body(or unibody) 点燃式发动机spark-ignition engine燃油喷射系统fuel injection system 曲轴连杆机构Crankshaft and Connecting rods System前轮驱动汽车front wheel drive car

前窗除霜器windshield defroster车速里程表Speedometer and odometer 行车制动系统Crane Brake System/ Running Braking System

非独立悬架系统Non-independent suspension system运动型多用途汽车SUV(Sports Utility Vehicle)

Unit1

1)The automobile's further development will be determined by already existing and steadily increasing requirements, by additional further requirements and by the technical possibilities for meeting these requirements. The following focal points for development and research efforts can be discerned.

汽车进一步发展将取决于现有的和不断增加的需求，通过额外进一步的需求和技术的可能性来满足这些需求。可以看出以上是开发和研究工作的焦点。

2)Further improvements of the automobile through product innovation in all classic functions, i.e. , performance , fuel economy , environmental impact , safety , comfort , and reliability .

汽车通过产品创新的进一步改善，在所有的经典功能上改善，即性能，燃油经济性，环境影响，安全性，舒适性和可靠性。

3)Further development of new technologies such as electrics, alternative materials, new test and production methods.

新技术如电子，替代材料，新的测试与生产方法的进一步发展。

4)Long-range solutions for traffic problems such as highway congestion, smog in cities and carbon dioxide enrichment of our atmosphere.

交通问题如公路的堵塞，城市烟雾和我们大气中的二氧化碳浓度增高的长期解决方案Unit2

1）A car usually has a piston engine. It consists of several moving parts: pistons, connecting rods, crankshaft, valve lifters, intake valves and exhaust valves. The cast iron or aluminum engine block holds the moving parts. The engine block has a series of holes which are called cylinders. The cylinders can be arranged in line or in a V-shape and in the upper part of the block. Each cylinder holds a piston and connecting rod. A circular ring is used to seal the small gap between the piston and the cylinder wall. The lower part of the block is called crankcase which holds the crankshaft with bearing mounts. Pistons are connected to the crankshaft by connecting rods.

轿车通常是活塞式发动机。它由一些可移动部件组成：活塞，连杆，曲轴，气门挺杆，进气阀和排气阀。铸铁或铝发动机缸体支撑着可移动部件。发动机缸体有一系列孔，称为气缸。气缸以直列式或V型排列，安装在机体上。每个气缸有一个活塞和连杆。一个圆形环是用来密封活塞与气缸壁之间的间隙。缸体下部称为曲轴箱,其中的曲轴轴承支撑曲轴。活塞与曲轴通过连杆连接。

2）The cylinder heads are the top covers of the cylinders which are tightly bolted to the top of the block . The cylinder heads contain combustion chambers. Each combustion chamber contains at least one intake and exhaust valve and one spark plug per cylinder. The valve are opened and closed in a specific sequence with valve lifters controlled by the camshaft.