高等学校研究生英语系列教材(听说教程)(上)Unit4

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研究生英语听说教程上：第1—6单元答案(听写填空、听对话、听短文、短对话、长对话)

听写填空第1单元、page5,A: 1.suffer that nightmare 2.genders 3.unaffordable 4.sufferers 5.more than 1 in 20 adults 6.expensive electronics 7.such a high number of compulsive shoppers in the general population 8.make finding a cure a priority第2单元、page20,A: 1.Location: Rockefeller Centre, New York 2.Time: right before the Christmas Season 3.Height of the tree: nearly 9 stores 4.Audience: people from all around the country 5.Number of the lights on the tree: 3000 6.Size of the star topper: nearly 10 feet in diameter 7.Material of the star topper: crystal 8.Source of the tree: a home in Connecticut第2单元、page29,A: post-vacation depression includes 1. sleeplessness2. loss of appetite 3. irregular heartbeat 4.feelings of despair 5. tiredness 6. stomachache 7. trouble breathing 8.anxiety 9.nervousness10.space the month-long vacation out,11.blow it all at once12.returning on a Monday 13.such blues are temporary 14.don^t make important decisions15.a new period in life 16.personal growth第3单元、page34,A:Reporter: In Vail, Arizona, a new school 1.in this case involves 2.impact 3. available 4. resources 5. What's the point 6. medium 7. reasoning 8. normal 9. from their perspective 10. opposed to just the one angle第4单元、page51,A:Beijing Opera is largely seen as a dying art in China 1. devoted 2. computer animator 3. discipline 4. heart-stopping 5. explanation in English 6. much-loved legend 7. supernatural 8. challenge 9. that's within the rules of the opera10. wins good reviews from both Western and Chinese audience members 11. expressing the more acceptable way 12. But the popularity of Beijing Opera is fading fast第4单元、page53,A:I hear jill will make her presentation in class today 1.That can^t be true 2.for certain 3.That^s impossible 4.might be 5.it^s likely that 6.Quite possibly 7.I know that for sure 8.No wonder第5单元、page67,A:Thank you very, very much.Well, I just have to start with a 1. challenge 2. beat 3. figure out 4. definition 5. recognize 6. disability 7. committed 8. tolerate discrimination 9. that is tearing down barriers, both in architecture and in attitude 10. who are helping people with disabilities live independent lives第6单元、page82,A:Damage from acid.... "Earth and Sky".1.widespread2.falling on3.exactly 4.to reliably measure5.assume 6.pollutants 7.Electrical utility plants8.react with9.to get showered 10.with wind currents11.leach bine with13.from fossil fuels.14.dedicated to听对话一、page31.A she thinks internet addiction is as serious as drug ang smoking addiction2.B internet addicts include both children and adults3.B some may get into trouble over money issues4.D internet addiction needs to be taken seriously and treated properly二、page201.B one can learn a lot about other people and customs through travelling2.D to make how traveling can win you friends all over the world3.A they have some language problems and feel a bit afraid三、page321.B he thought one could simply practice writing by oneself2.A a person^s thinking patterns are shown in his writing3.D the writer^s reading ability4.D how to put writing skills into practice5.B he will register for an essay-writing course四、page491.D he feared his handwriting would not impress his son2.C children spend a lot of time on the computer3.A to call on more people to focus on handwriting4.B most people^s handwriting is worse than their parents五、page651.C getting information about Habitat for Humanity2.A it brought about a lot of changes in her life3.B it^s a unique chance to perform a citizen^s duty to help others4.C to do one^s share for others is to make our world a better place to live5.A because Wilbur chose to ask her for the information needed六、page811. B seeing a wild animal in the zoo2. C today^s zoos are good habitats for wild animals3. D to prevent endangered animals from extinction听短文一、page41.B he feels the other boys are too competitive2.D he thinks dancing is a way to relax in ones spare time3.A hobbies are supposed to bring pleasure to people4.A the speaker simply wants to have a good time二、无三、page341.D she will celebrate her 95th birthday on Wednesday2.B she is seeking a BA degree in religion3.C she completed some of her classes at the Kansas State Teachers College4.B her son and others will hold a birthday party for her5.A Nola Ochs has set up a remarkable example as a lifetime learner三、page431.C because they took part in a special hardship camp2.B growing vegetables3.A mountains that are far away4.D hardship camps can be an important part of an education for children5.A they like the idea of organizing hardship camps and support it四、page501.D The decreasing sales worldwide2.A Toys need to be magical and creative3.B Because Burble stands for an outdate image of women4.A Barbie dolls may disappear from the market5.C The Barbie brand will expand to other entertainment fields五、page661.B He was able to share the speaker's feelings2.D To tell the speaker that he was always ready to offer help3.C One act of kindness can bring warmth to those in need六、page811. C They are the threats to species2. D It can show the importance of protecting the animals3. B Doing community service reminds a citizen of their responsibility to protect animals 短对话一、page121.B he thinks he can learn skills from good hobbies2.C Stephen learns to be systematic from his hobby3.D roys real interest in fishing is sitting alone and doing nothing4.B the farmer has held on to his hobby even though he met with great difficulties5.D she thinks every addiction is as bad as the other二、page271.A husband and wife2.D a vacation is even more exhausting3.D the woman is packing for her bus tour4.B the bus was too worn out and uncomfortable5.A 3 hours or so三、page411.D He is at a job interview2.A He suggests the woman keep trying until she gets it right3.B To receive assistance from the teacher4.D He wants to keep learning all his life5.C The man's idea is not feasible at all四、page581.A The woman is unhappy about too many advertisements on TV2.C He is interested in the history of cities shown in pictures3.D It is about perso nality evident in an individual’s gestures4.A The man is a Brazilian5.A He wants to make his body stronger五、page741. A She didn’t go to the party yesterday2. C The engine started as soon as they got on the plane3. C Jason can take the test on another day4. C Cheer up and you would be able to get a job soon5. D He was criticized by the woman’s mother all the way六、page871. D How to protect water and trees in nature2. C It is a good idea for people to make voluntary contributions3. B Louisiana tornado killed 50 people4. C He feels it necessary to use animals in medical researches5. D The two speakers have different opinions about the biggest pollution problem长对话一、page131.D mark is addicted to online games2.C ron is not a serious gaming addict3.C Gloria hopes mark can control himself playing games4.A ron thinks gambling is more harmful than playing games5.A some gaming addicts make friends when playing together二、page281.B there is a large variety of animals there2.D tourists are not allowed to take pictures of wild animals there3.D go horseback riding4.D it must be a famous geyser5.B putting out the campfire三、page421.B smelling2.D it means acquiring knowledge in one^s favourite way3.A ted enjoys discussion with others4.C because mike once took a computer apart to make observations5.C different people should develop their own suitable learning styles四、page591.B culture shock is caused when you feel unfamiliar with the social environment2.C he might feel anxious，uneasy and frustrated3.D he thinks such classes can help one become broad-minded4.A most local customs are learned through social life5.B one can learn to be involved in a new culture step by step五、page751. D he was the oldest astronaut in space2. B to do research on how and why people get old3. C his trip implies what attitude the aged should take towards life4. B he likes drinking very much5. A the significance of Mr Glenn^s shuttle trip into space六、page881. D many things can be done to protect the environment2. A driving steadily will help protect the ozone layer3. D because they use much too many disposable products4. C to buy a special“low-flow”shower head5. B things people can do to reduce pollution。

研究生英语系列教材听说教程上1-6单元答案总结主编李萌涛

研究生英语听说教程上主编李萌涛1-6单元答案总结听写填空第1单元、page5,A: 1.suffer that nightmare 2.genders 3.unaffordable 4.sufferers 5.more than 1 in 20 adults6.expensive electronics7.such a high number of compulsive shoppers in the general population8.make findinga cure a priority第2单元、page20,A: 1.Location: Rockefeller Centre, New York 2.Time: right before the Christmas Season 3.Height of the tree: nearly 9 stores 4.Audience: people from all around the country 5.Number of the lights on the tree: 3000 6.Size of the star topper: nearly 10 feet in diameter 7.Material of the star topper: crystal 8.Source of the tree: a home in Connecticut第2单元、page29,A: post-vacation depression includes 1. sleeplessness2. loss of appetite 3. irregular heartbeat 4.feelings of despair 5. tiredness 6. stomachache 7. trouble breathing 8.anxiety 9.nervousness10.space the month-long vacation out,11.blow it all at once12.returning on a Monday 13.such blues are temporary 14.don^t make important decisions15.a new period in life 16.personal growth第3单元、page34,A:Reporter: In Vail, Arizona, a new school 1.in this case involves 2.impact 3. available 4. resources 5. What's the point 6. medium 7. reasoning 8. normal 9. from their perspective 10. opposed to just the one angle第4单元、page51,A:Beijing Opera is largely seen as a dying art in China 1. devoted 2. computer animator 3. discipline 4. heart-stopping 5. explanation in English 6. much-loved legend 7. supernatural 8. challenge 9. that's within the rules of the opera10. wins good reviews from both Western and Chinese audience members 11. expressing the more acceptable way 12. But the popularity of Beijing Opera is fading fast第4单元、page53,A:I hear jill will make her presentation in class today 1.That can^t be true 2.for certain 3.That^s impossible 4.might be 5.it^s likely that 6.Quite possibly 7.I know that for sure 8.No wonder第5单元、page67,A:Thank you very, very much.Well, I just have to start with a 1. challenge 2. beat 3. figure out 4. definition 5. recognize 6. disability 7. committed 8. tolerate discrimination 9. that is tearing down barriers, both in architecture and in attitude 10. who are helping people with disabilities live independent lives第6单元、page82,A:Damage from acid.... "Earth and Sky".1.widespread2.falling on3.exactly 4.to reliably measure5.assume 6.pollutants 7.Electrical utility plants8.react with9.to get showered 10.with wind currents11.leach bine with13.from fossil fuels.14.dedicated to听对话一、page31.A she thinks internet addiction is as serious as drug ang smoking addiction2.B internet addicts include both children and adults3.B some may get into trouble over money issues4.D internet addiction needs to be taken seriously and treated properly二、page201.B one can learn a lot about other people and customs through travelling2.D to make how traveling can win you friends all over the world3.A they have some language problems and feel a bit afraid1.B he thought one could simply practice writing by oneself2.A a person^s thinking patterns are shown in his writing3.D the writer^s reading ability4.D how to put writing skills into practice5.B he will register for an essay-writing course四、page491.D he feared his handwriting would not impress his son2.C children spend a lot of time on the computer3.A to call on more people to focus on handwriting4.B most people^s handwriting is worse than their parents五、page651.C getting information about Habitat for Humanity2.A it brought about a lot of changes in her life3.B it^s a unique chance to perform a citizen^s duty to help others4.C to do one^s share for others is to make our world a better place to live5.A because Wilbur chose to ask her for the information needed六、page811. B seeing a wild animal in the zoo2. C today^s zoos are good habitats for wild animals3. D to prevent endangered animals from extinction听短文一、page41.B he feels the other boys are too competitive2.D he thinks dancing is a way to relax in ones spare time3.A hobbies are supposed to bring pleasure to people4.A the speaker simply wants to have a good time二、无三、page341.D she will celebrate her 95th birthday on Wednesday2.B she is seeking a BA degree in religion3.C she completed some of her classes at the Kansas State Teachers College4.B her son and others will hold a birthday party for her5.A Nola Ochs has set up a remarkable example as a lifetime learner三、page431.C because they took part in a special hardship camp2.B growing vegetables3.A mountains that are far away4.D hardship camps can be an important part of an education for children5.A they like the idea of organizing hardship camps and support it1.D The decreasing sales worldwide2.A Toys need to be magical and creative3.B Because Burble stands for an outdate image of women4.A Barbie dolls may disappear from the market5.C The Barbie brand will expand to other entertainment fields五、page661.B He was able to share the speaker's feelings2.D To tell the speaker that he was always ready to offer help3.C One act of kindness can bring warmth to those in need六、page811. C They are the threats to species2. D It can show the importance of protecting the animals3. B Doing community service reminds a citizen of their responsibility to protect animals 短对话一、page121.B he thinks he can learn skills from good hobbies2.C Stephen learns to be systematic from his hobby3.D roys real interest in fishing is sitting alone and doing nothing4.B the farmer has held on to his hobby even though he met with great difficulties5.D she thinks every addiction is as bad as the other二、page271.A husband and wife2.D a vacation is even more exhausting3.D the woman is packing for her bus tour4.B the bus was too worn out and uncomfortable5.A 3 hours or so三、page411.D He is at a job interview2.A He suggests the woman keep trying until she gets it right3.B To receive assistance from the teacher4.D He wants to keep learning all his life5.C The man's idea is not feasible at all四、page581.A The woman is unhappy about too many advertisements on TV2.C He is interested in the history of cities shown in pictures3.D It is about personality evident in an individual’s gestures4.A The man is a Brazilian5.A He wants to make his body stronger五、page741. A She didn’t go to the party yesterday2. C The engine started as soon as they got on the plane3. C Jason can take the test on another day4. C Cheer up and you would be able to get a job soon5. D He was criticized by the woman’s mother all the way六、page871. D How to protect water and trees in nature2. C It is a good idea for people to make voluntary contributions3. B Louisiana tornado killed 50 people4. C He feels it necessary to use animals in medical researches5. D The two speakers have different opinions about the biggest pollution problem 长对话一、page131.D mark is addicted to online games2.C ron is not a serious gaming addict3.C Gloria hopes mark can control himself playing games4.A ron thinks gambling is more harmful than playing games5.A some gaming addicts make friends when playing together二、page281.B there is a large variety of animals there2.D tourists are not allowed to take pictures of wild animals there3.D go horseback riding4.D it must be a famous geyser5.B putting out the campfire三、page421.B smelling2.D it means acquiring knowledge in one^s favourite way3.A ted enjoys discussion with others4.C because mike once took a computer apart to make observations5.C different people should develop their own suitable learning styles四、page591.B culture shock is caused when you feel unfamiliar with the social environment2.C he might feel anxious，uneasy and frustrated3.D he thinks such classes can help one become broad-minded4.A most local customs are learned through social life5.B one can learn to be involved in a new culture step by step五、page751. D he was the oldest astronaut in space2. B to do research on how and why people get old3. C his trip implies what attitude the aged should take towards life4. B he likes drinking very much5. A the significance of Mr Glenn^s shuttle trip into space六、page881. D many things can be done to protect the environment2. A driving steadily will help protect the ozone layer3. D because they use much too many disposable products4. C to buy a special“low-flow”shower head5. B things people can do to reduce pollution。

研究生英语教程(上Unit 4 Love and Romance

Unit 4 Love and RomanceText A We Lave Who We Lave( I )Dr. Joyce Brothers1 I know of one couple; He is burly ex-athlete who, in addition to being a successful salesman, coached a children ’ s softball team, was active in his; Rotary Club and played golf every Saturday with friends. Meanwhile, his wife is petite, quiet and a complete homebody. She doesn’t even like to go out If dinner.我认识一对夫妇,他魁梧的前退役运动员,除了作为一个成功的推销员,一个孩子的垒球教练团队,积极活跃在;扶轮社,每个星期六和朋友打高尔夫球。

与此同时,他的妻子是娇小的,安静,是一个不折不扣的家庭主妇。

她甚至不喜欢外出如果晚餐。

2 What mysterious force drives us into the arms of one person, while pushing us away from another who might appear equally desirable to any unbiased observer?是什么神秘力量使我们投入到某个人的怀抱,而推动我们远离那些可能出现另一个旁观者眼里同样可取的?3 Of the many factors influencing our idea of the perfect mate, one of the most telling, according to John Money, a Professor Emeritus of Medical Psychology and Pediatrics in the United States, is what he calls our “love map”— a group of messages encoded in our brains that describes our likes and dislikes. It shows our preferences in hair and eye color, in voice, smell, and body build. It also records the kind of personality that appeals to us, whether i t’s the warm and friendly type or the strong, silent type.许多因素影响我们心目中的完美伴侣,其中最有力的,根据约翰金钱名誉教授,儿科医学心理学在美国,是他所谓的“爱情地图”——一群消息编码在我们的大脑,它描述了我们的好恶。

研究生英语系列教材上unit4 原文+翻译

The following text is extracted from Marriages and Families by Nijole V.Benokraitis.下面的文章选自奈杰尔贝诺克瑞提斯的婚姻与家庭。

The book has been used as a textbook for sociology courses and women's studies in a number of universities in the United States.此书在美国的一些大学里被用作社会学和妇女研究等课程的教材，It highlights important contemporary changes in society and the family它强调了在当代社会和家庭中所发生的重要变化，and explores the choices that are available to family members,探索了家庭成员所面临的选择，as well as the constraints that many of us do not recognize.以及我们很多人都还未意识到的种种约束。

It examines the diversity of American families today,该书还审视了当今美国家庭的多样性，using cross-cultural and multicultural comparisons运用跨文化和多元文化的比较，to encourage creative thinking about the many critical issues that confront the family of the twenty-first century.以激发创造性思维来研究21世纪家庭所面临的许多严峻问题。

LOVE AND LOVING RELATIONSHIPS爱和情感连系Nijole V.Benokraitis奈杰尔·贝诺克瑞提斯Love — as both an emotion and a behavior — is essential for human survival.爱，对于人类的生存是不可或缺的。

高等学校研究生英语系列教材(听说教程)(上)Unit1

M: Pathological? So it’s really a disease.
L: Absolutely. They use the web to the point where it can change moods or create negative consequences in relationships, financial situations or legal matters. Some online gamers play constantly, days in a row. Some spend days online murdering others in search of virtual possessions. Some remain isolated in their actual lives, but only talk to strangers online to enter another life. Most addicts have a kind of fixation. They throw themselves into an imaginary world.
L: Hi Maria. Addiction is not a word that should be taken lightly. Some argue that we are exaggerating concerns about Internet addiction. People don’t expect the computer and the Internet to be a problem.
Childhood Hobbies
Luther:
My hobby is 1)_____. I started at the age of 2)___, and I’ve been collecting stamps ever since. Stamps are 3) _____. They’re miniature works of art, covering just about every subject you can think of. Sometimes stamps are 4) _____as they got older, and I guess that’s one of the s they are 5) _____ by many collectors.

研究生英语综合Unit Four爱和情感联系原文及翻译

Unit Four下面的文章选自奈杰尔贝诺克瑞提斯的婚姻与家庭。

此书在美国的一些大学里被用作社会学和妇女研究等课程的教材，它强调了在当代社会和家庭中所发生的重要变化，探索了家庭成员所面临的选择，以及我们很多人都还未意识到的种种约束。

该书还审视了当今美国家庭的多样性，运用跨文化和多元文化的比较，以激发创造性思维来研究21世纪家庭所面临的许多严峻问题。

爱和情感连系奈杰尔·贝诺克瑞提斯1爱，对于人类的生存是不可或缺的。

它既是一种情感，又是一种行为。

家庭通常是我们最早和最重要的爱和情感支持的来源。

众所周知，缺乏爱的婴幼儿会产生各种各样的问题，如抑郁症、头痛、生理残疾、神经质或身心疾病，这些病有时会伴随他们一生。

而对比之下，拥有爱和拥抱的婴儿通常体重增加得快，哭得少，而笑得多。

到了五岁时，他们的智商和语言测试的分数明显比前一类儿童高得多。

1 Love- as both an emotion and a behavior- is essential for human survival- The family is usually our earliest and most important source of love and emotional support. Babies and children deprived of love have been known to develop a wide variety of problems- for example, depression, headaches, physiological impairments, and neurotic and psychosomatic difficulties- that sometimes last a lifetime. In contrast, infants who are loved and cuddled typically gain more weight, cry less, and smile more. By five years of age, they have been found to have significantly higher IQs and to score higher on language tests.2很多研究发现婴儿获得关爱的质量会影响到他们以后的交友，在学校的表现，如何应对陌生的或可能充满压力的情况，以及他们成年后如何建立并且维系情感连系。

新探索研究生英语(提高级)视听说教程U4混合式教学指导手册

Unit 4 ChangePart 1 Overview of the unitUpon completion of this unit, the T is expected to enable Ss to:Knowledge •know about how people react to change in life•learn about the concepts related to change and the past•understand the relationship between change and permanenceSkills Listening skill•follow the way a discussion develops•listen to annotate presentation slidesCritical thinking skill•evaluate deductive argumentsSpeaking skill•give group presentations•give a group presentation about proposed solutions for dealing with change Unit taskPeriods 1 & 2Check Ss’ online study (Warming up, Academic listening) Introduce the topic; deal with the video in Warming upbased on Ss’ online performance 20 min Go through Academic listening 1 based on Ss’ online performance 30 min Go through Academic listening 2 based on Ss’ online performance 30 min Deal with Getting the skill in Critical thinking20 min Ask Ss to do the oral practice of Academic listeningAsk Ss to preview A cross-cultural view and Academic communicationPeriods 3 & 4 Check Ss’ online study (A cross-cultural view, Academic communication)Deal with A cross-cultural view30 min Introduce the objectives of Academic communication;analyze the speaking model 15 min Go through the speaking skill based on Ss’ online performance 5 min Lead a thorough discussion and help Ss finish themini-project in Skill enhancement20 min Guide Ss to finish the speaking task step by step 30 min Ask Ss to upload the recordings of their presentations and complete self-evaluationHow people react to changeDenial, anger, bargaining, depression, acceptance. People usually go through these five emotions, or “stages,” when faced with a major shock in life. This “stage theory” was introduced by psychiatrist Elisabeth Kübler-Ross in her best-selling book On Death and Dying. It explains the psychological transition that occurs when we are facing death, whether that of someone we love or our own. Now it is also applied to the internal emotional journey we experience when dealing with any momentous change, disappointment or loss, or with a significant transition in life.Part 2 A detailed teaching guideLet’s take a closer look at the five stages.1. Denial. After the initial shock, people could be “in denial” by using a temporary defense mechanism to refuse to believe it. What they have been told is not true, they insist. For instance, a dying patient may believe the medical test result is wrong, the diagnosis is somehow mistaken, or there’s a cure.2. Anger. When people understand the gravity of their situation, they often become angry. Some may be angry at their life while others look for someone else to blame. They may react with strong emotions, with comments like: “Why me? It’s not fair!” or “Who did this to me?”3. Bargaining. When people are at the bargaining stage, they think of actions or promises they’re willing to do if their life could be restored to how it was before. They think about “what if-?” or “only if-?” and wish things could be done differently. They may negotiate with fate by promising to change a bad habit, do good works, or donate money to a cause if their life could go back to “normal.”4. Depression. People start facing reality and the inevitability of the change they’ve experienced at this stage. This leads them to feel sadness, fear, regret, guilt and other negative emotions. They may seem listless and indifferent, pushing others away and experiencing numbness that takes all the joy out of life.5. Acceptance. Acceptance means people start to learn to live with the change and readjust accordingly. A calm mind, stable emotions, and acknowledgement of what they can and cannot do are typical responses.The five stages are non-linear. They may happen in any order. Some people do not experience all five stages, and some find their feelings are quite different with different changes. Nevertheless, this model has been used by business leaders and therapists to understand where a person is at emotionally when confronting a crisis such as an illness, accident, financial loss, divorce or unemployment. Based on the model, many businesses create support systems for those on the path of change to help them adapt to it.Teaching suggestions1Introduce the unit topic by asking Ss questions about the major changes in their life and their emotional reactions to the changes. Then summarize the answers from Ss and bring up the topic of common reactions to change.2Ask Ss to watch the video and finish Task 2.3Check their answers for Task 2.4Use the following questions to check Ss’ understanding of the video.1)What are the five stages that people go through when faced with a major change in life?2)Why do people tend to refuse to believe the change initially?3)What are the typical responses in the acceptance stage?4)Do the five stages happen in linear time?Ss’ answers may be:1)The five stages are denial, anger, bargaining, depression and acceptance.2)Because it is a temporary defense mechanism for self-protection.3)A calm mind, stable emotions, and acknowledge of what they can and cannot do.4)No, they don’t. They may happen in any order.Reference answersTask 1 Open-ended.Task 2Stages Reactions(D) Denial A. If I made another choice, this wouldn’t have happened.(C) Anger B. This is not going away so I might as well face it.(A) Bargaining C. This is just not fair and I won’t accept it.(E) Depression D. This can’t be happening to me.(B) Acceptance E. I give up. What’s the point?Task 31. I think “depression” is the most difficult stage to get through. In this stage, people are reluctant to meet others, so they have to face the issue and get through the whole stage all by themselves.2. Open-ended.Listening 1 All change, pleaseAll change, pleaseCHRIS: We know why we’re here, right? You’ve all read the directive?HAILEY: Sure, Chris, but it doesn’t make any kind of sense. Why change something that’s working perfectly well for some system that’s too complicated to even understand? Am I alone in thinking that this is just change for change’s sake?CHRIS: No, come on Hailey. It’s not that. We have to keep ahead of the game … What works now isn’t going to work in five, ten, fifteen years, right? We have to change or die—it’s a cut-throat world out here in advertising! HAILEY: OK, you’re making it sound a little bit Hollywood … We’re just a small business, not Wall Street … But anyway, what can we actually change? Do you have any concrete ideas?CHRIS: Yes, that’s why we’re having this meeting. I’ve been doing some research, looking at the competition, asking questions … So, let’s start the ball rolling … I think there are three main areas we can improve by updating our approach to technology.RASHID: Which are?CHRIS: Well, first of all, why are we here? In this room, I mean. Couldn’t we be having this meeting from our offices, using an online tool? So, the first one is communication. And not just here, but also meeting clients online. HAILEY: Oh, come on, how’s that going to work? You know as well as I do that clients want to meet face to face, to feel that someone actually cares about them! I don’t believe they’ll want to give that up. Online meetings just don’t work.CHRIS: We can meet face to face, too. It’s just a question of deciding what needs to be done face to face and what can be done just as well online. Remember, too, that we can record online meetings, which is a lot easier than taking minutes, and we can go back over them and get closer to the customer needs. And, off the record, it’ll be a big time saver for everyone—we’ll be off home earlier …HAILEY: True, I suppose … But isn’t the technology a little bit clumsy? When I’ve been in online meetings, there are always technical problems—I can see the client, but they can’t see me, that kind of thing. It just never works like it’s supposed to!CHRIS: I do know what you’re talking about, Hailey. Yes, absolutely, we have to get the technology right—and we’ll need proper training and support.RASHID: If we’d known about this last year, we could’ve taken advantage of inviting Jackie to a few meetings before she got promoted. She is a real hotshot on technology. She knows all the software and … CHANDINI: Excuse me, Chris, if I may ask a question. Sorry, Rashid … what you’re saying is really worrying me. I don’t see how we can be giving presentations about our campaigns online! It just isn’t feasible, at all. I hear what you’re saying, but I can’t see how it will actually work in practice.CHRIS: Chandini, you’ve put your finger on the main limitation of this, but as I said, we don’t have to be rigid about using technology for every meeting. Presenting a new campaign would definitely have to be done in the old way, face to face, of course. Can I move on to the next thing?CHANDINI: Sure, go ahead, Chris. Sorry to sound negative. And sorry, Rashid, I shouldn’t have interrupted you, but I feel very strongly about this. I don’t believe in all these fashions and fads!CHRIS: No, Chandini. You don’t sound negative at all. That’s why we want to talk about it—we need your input. So, anyway, the second big change will be in the way we store documents. The plan is to do away with paper completely. We’re going to be a paperless office, as far as possible. Anyone wanna share your thoughts on this? RASHID: Yes, to be honest, I can’t believe I’m hearing this. One word comes to mind—security. We all know how easy it is to hack into a computer system. Absolute discretion is key to our business. Once a competitor gets a glimpse of a proposed advertising campaign, we may as well throw it in the trash.CHANDINI: That’s absolutely right, Rashid! How can we guarantee security if everything is going online? And I have all my files. I’ve spent the last two years improving my paper-based systems—you know how things accumulate—I wouldn’t have bothered if I’d known we were going to get rid of all the paper and leave ourselves vulnerable online.CHRIS: Look, I don’t know all the ins and outs of it, but I can tell you that we’ll be getting a very secure system. We’re going to employ a company to advise us, but I do also know that we’ll have to enforce very strict guidelines for everyone, in terms of passwords, and so on. And we’ll restrict access to the most sensitive information to a very few senior partners. As for the files, we can compile a list of things that we need to scan online and store the rest in a secure vault.HAILEY: OK, maybe you’re right … but I have my doubts. We read about security breaches at the highest government level … So, how are we going to protect ourselves? It will be impossible … well, anyway … So Chris, what’s the third thing? You said there were three.CHRIS: Ah, yes. This might be the most … let’s say, controversial of the new measures … Alex, you know, Alex, the new head of infrastructure, has decided that we’re going to move to tablets, instead of laptops … She thinks that they’ll present a more modern image to our clients …CHANDINI: I’m sorry. I’m completely lost for words. How can we do our work on a tablet? They’re good for simple tasks and some fun—I know, my children use one at home—but they simply aren’t designed for sophisticated creative work!CHRIS: Don’t worry, Chandini, you’ll keep your desktop computer to do all your work on. It’s just for when we meet clients, which as I said, we’ll continue to do … Alex wants us to project a kind of “Silicon Valley” image, I guess … She thinks we come across as dated. And she also wants to change the way we dress. No more ties for the men, apparently …RASHID: Well, that’s one good thing anyway! I hate wearing a tie, especially in this weather. Back home nobody in advertising wears a tie …Words & tipsWords and expressionsdirective n. 正式指令，指示cut-throat adj.竞争激烈的；残酷竞争的start the ball rolling 开始某事，使某事发生hotshot n. 红人；高手put your finger on sth. 确切地明白，弄清，准确地指出（错误、不同或异常之处）rigid adj. （人）顽固的，不通融的；（方法、体制等）严格死板的，僵化的fad n. 一时的狂热；时尚，风尚discretion n. 谨慎，慎重ins and outs n.（复杂的局面、难题、体系等的）详情、细节vault n.（贵重财物的）保管库，保险库come across as 给人的印象是……Proper namesChris 克里斯（人名）Hailey 黑莉（人名）Hollywood 好莱坞（美国地名，常用来指美国电影业）Wall Street 华尔街（美国纽约的一条街，美国最重要的金融中心）Jackie 杰姬（人名）Rashid 拉希德（人名）Chandini 昌迪尼（人名）Alex 亚历克丝（人名）Silicon Valley 硅谷（美国计算机工业中心）Cultural notesIn the listening material, Rashid and Chandini speak with non-standard accents. English is spoken by millions of people worldwide, sometimes as a first language and often as a learned second or third language. Users of English in today’s world need to be prepared to deal with different accents and interact with different varieties of English. It is suggested to gain exposure to different accents through listening to and watching materials from all around the world. When you are listening to different accents, practice identifying the key features of each accent. Varieties of English can also differ in the specific vocabulary used. Researching differences and asking for clarification can help.Before you listenTask1 Match the words and expressions with their definitions.(G) 1. come across as (phr. v.) A. to get rid of something(F) 2. cut-throat (adj.) B. very strict and difficult to change(D) 3. directive (n.) C. a quick look at someone or something that does not allow youto see them clearly(A) 4. do away with (phr. v.) D. an official order or instruction(H) 5. feasible (adj.) E. weak or easily hurt physically or mentally(C) 6. glimpse (n.) F. describing situations when people compete with each otherin an unpleasant way(B) 7. rigid (adj.)G. to behave in a way that makes people believe that someone has aparticular characteristic(E) 8. vulnerable (adj.) H. able to be made, done, or achievedTask 2 Complete the sentences with the following words and expressions. Change the form if necessary. come across as cut-throat directive do away withfeasible glimpse rigid vulnerable1. The employer is rigid about enforcing the new policy.2. John comes across as / came across as a very intelligent man.3. Should a company directive be followed without question?4. What household items could you happily do away with?5. What makes companies or people vulnerable in the modern world?6. Is it feasible to expect people to change household goods so often?7. Do businesses do better in a(n) cut-throat environment, or would cooperation be more effective?8. We only had a quick glimpse of the river.Task 3 Answer the following questions.1. What can we do differently now at home, in the classroom, or in the workplace thanks to technology?2. Which of these changes have you experienced personally? Do you like these changes? Why or why not? Reference answers:1. At home: Smart home devices such as smart door locks, displays and lights allow people to use their devices by remote control and enjoy customized services.In the classroom: Students now could have online classes anywhere and anytime. Teachers could use the statistics to better understand students’ learning behavior and effects and create tailor-made plans for different students.In the workplace: Digital tools such as the cloud platform and real-time communication apps help employees have better teamwork and improve their work efficiency.2. Open-ended.Global listeningTask 1 Listen to All change, please and choose the best answer to each question you hear.1. Where does the discussion happen?A. At an international university.B. At a film school.C. At an advertising company.D. At a technology company.2. What does Chris want to change?A. The standard operating procedure.B. Their approach to technology.C. Organizational culture.D. Business scope.3. Which is NOT included in the topics?A. Network upgrades.B. Online communication.C. Storing information.D. Using tablets.4. What worries the speakers most about the paperless proposal?A. Technical problems.B. Security.C. Initial costs.D. Health concerns.5. Why does Alex want to replace laptops with tablets?A. To save money.B. To save space.C. To install more applications.D. To present a more modern image.Close listeningTask 1 Listen to All change, please again and decide whether the following sentences are true or false.1. Chris argues that though a system works now, it might not work in the future.2. Hailey agrees that clients are no longer interested in face-to-face meetings.3. Chris suggests that recording meetings may be a negative action.4. Rashid mentions a colleague who could have helped with technical problems.5. Chris explains that an outside company will be totally responsible for all levels of security.6. Hailey suggests that even top-level organizations face security issues.7. Chandini knows about working on tablets from her domestic situation.8. Rashid agrees that Chris’ final point is a good idea.Answers:1. T2. F (You know as well as I do that clients want to meet face to face, to feel that someone actually cares about them!)3. F(Remember, too, that we can record online meetings, which is a lot easier than taking minutes …)4. T5. F (We’re going to employ a company to advise us, but I do also know that we’ll have to enforce very strict guidelines for everyone, in terms of passwords, and so on.)6. T7. T8. TTask 2 Answer the following questions according to what you have heard.1. How do the speakers react to the upcoming changes? Why is change important in an organization?2. What do you think of the changes? Are they good ideas? Give your reasons.Reference answers:1. Chris actively promotes the changes, while the other speakers question the necessity and effects of the changes and they seem reluctant to accept them.Change in an organization is important because it helps to encourage innovation, allow employees to learn new skills and explore new opportunities. Change helps an organization stay competitive in the cut-throat world.2.I agree with Chris’ view on change. As he mentioned in the discussion, “we have to keep ahead of the game … what works now isn’t going to work in five, ten, fifteen years …,” change is necessary for a company to grow and stay competitive. As for the ideas, I think online meetings and the paperless office are good ones, because these tools can improve work efficiency, and they are more environmentally friendly compared with traditional business tools. But replacing laptops with tablets is not a reasonable proposal because tablets have many disadvantages regarding storage, security, and compatibility.Task 3 Work in pairs to discuss the following question.What are the challenges of working with and without technology?Reference answers: 1) With technology:Lack of technical training: It may take a lot of time and effort to adapt to new techniques or facilities.Concerns about cybersecurity: Businesses need to protect sensitive intellectual property data, financial documents, and customer information.Concerns about stability: The technology may fail to work when people need it most. For example, poor internet connection, crashed websites, or invalid service may affect and even harm the business. 2) Without technology:Too much paperwork, lower work efficiency, and poorer communication are some of the major challenges.Academic listening skillMini-lecture Watch the mini-lecture and learn about the skill of followingthe way a discussion develops.Task 1 Listen to All change, please again and identify what each person does in each stage. IntroductionChris starts the discussion.Hailey 1) challenges / supports the changes. Chris 2) questions / justifies the changes. Topic 1Chris introduces the topic of online communication.Chris 3) outlines / questions the advantages of online meetings. Hailey 4) questions / agrees with the effectiveness of technology. Rashid 5) makes / asks for a suggestion.Chandini expresses 6) satisfaction with / concern about the changes. Topic 2Chris introduces the topic of storing information. Rashid 7) identifies / stops a threat.Chris 8) challenges / reassures the group. Topic 3Chris introduces the topic of tablets.Chandini 9) argues against / supports the topic.Chris 10) disagrees with / explains the reasons for the decision.Teaching suggestionsClose listening1Ask Ss to read the questions in Task 2. Then play the recording. Ask Ss to take notes while listening. 2 Ask Ss to work in pairs. Ss take turns to answer questions.3After the discussion, the T invites 1 or 2 Ss to share their answers with the whole class. The T makescomments on the Ss’ answers.You can watch the video on Ucampus.4Ask Ss to read the question in Task 3. Ss think individually for 1 minute, and then jot down several points of the challenges of working with technology and without technology.5Ss work in groups to share and compare their ideas with their group members.6The T invites 1 or 2 Ss to share their answers with the whole class. Finally, the T makes comments on the Ss’ answers.Extension activityDuring the pandemic, taking online courses has become “new normality” for many college students. The T can extend the topic by asking Ss how they feel about this change and encourage Ss to summarize the benefits and challenges of online learning.Academic listening skill1Log on Ucampus and present the task. Ask Ss to go through the structure of the group discussion. Then play the audio to check their answers.2Ask Ss to identify signpost language that shows each speaker’s role and attitude in the group discussion.Oral practiceTask 1 The following sentences will help you talk about changes in the workplace. Translate the Chinese in brackets into English using the words and expressions you’ve just learned, and then record each sentence.1. We have to change or die—it’s a cut-throat (竞争激烈的) world out here in advertising!2. I don’t see how we can be giving presentations about our campaigns online! It just isn’t feasible (可实行的),at all. I hear what you’re saying, but I can’t see how it will actually work in practice.3. You’ve put your finger on the main limitation of this, but as I said, we don’t have to be rigid (死板的) about using technology for every meeting.4. Once a competitor gets a glimpse (一瞥) of a proposed advertising campaign, we may as well throw it in the trash.5. Alex wants us to project a kind of “Silicon Valley” image, I guess … she thinks we come across as (给人的印象是……) dated.Task 2 You will hear three clips of the conversation. Each clip will be played only ONCE. After you hear a tone, please repeat the exact words the second speaker has said. You may take some notes while you listen.1.HAILEY: Why change something that’s working perfectly well for some system that’s too complicated to even understand? Am I alone in thinking that this is just change for change’s sake?CHRIS: No, come on Hailey. It’s not that. We have to keep ahead of the game … What works now isn’t going to work in five, ten, fifteen years, right?2.HAILEY: When I’ve been in online meetings, there are always technical problems—I can see the client, but they can’t see me, that kind of thing. It just never works like it’s supposed to!CHRIS: I do know what you’re talking about, Hailey. Yes, absolutely, we have to get the technology right—and we’ll need proper training and support.3.CHANDINI: Sorry to sound negative. And sorry, Rashid, I shouldn’t have interrupted you, but I feel very strongly about this. I don’t believe in all these fashions and fads!CHRIS: No, Chandini. You don’t sound negative at all. That’s why we want to talk about it—we need your input. Listening 2 Perspectives on the pastPerspectives on the pastPROFESSOR SIMPSON: OK, so I’m going to start this session on nostalgia with a brief introduction to the prevailing theories within neuroscience—that is, what happens in the brain when a person is feeling nostalgic. The practical aspects of this will be picked up later by Dr. Hossam and Stephen Johnson in their presentations. Dr. Hossam will address the sunk cost fallacy, a fascinating exploration of reactions in the present to decisions made in the past. Stephen will finish by examining the legacy issues faced by many companies nowadays, particularly in the area of technology.Now, from a theoretical perspective, we need to remember that nostalgia is a universal experience. Studies show it starts from an early age, around eight, and, regardless of culture, research shows that people feel nostalgic for aspects of their personal histories. What interests me is what changes are observable in the brain when a subject experiences nostalgia—what is the actual mechanism of nostalgia, if you like—and what triggers those changes. Looking at these two aspects will enable us to consider how nostalgia relates to other psychological phenomena. And then we can use this understanding in the field of behavioral sciences, which Dr. Hossam will explain more about, and economics—Stephen Johnson’s area.PROFESSOR SIMPSON: So, starting with the triggers, the most obvious stimulators of nostalgia are meeting old friends, hearing music, especially music we listened to between the ages of 12 and 22, and childhood smells, food, and so on—the French writer Proust springs to mind, assuming you are familiar with his novels. But, surprisingly I think, these are not actually the most common triggers. According to a series of studies published in 2006 in the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, the most common appears to be bad moods. Now, these moods may sometimes be a result of loneliness, which seems a natural cause-effect, but actually any bad mood appears to trigger nostalgia. And so, by the way, does being cold.So there are some fundamentals from a neuroscientific perspective. There are many practical applications of this science of nostalgia, which Dr. Hossam and Stephen will tell you more about now. Dr. Hossam …DR. HOSSAM: Thank you. Now, as Professor Simpson has noted, my area is behavioral science. Today, I’m focusing on what we call the “sunk cost fallacy.” As you may know, this is the mistake we are prone to making when we take into account prior costs when making a decision on whether or not to continue a course of action—whether to “throw good money after bad” as the old proverb has it …This sunk cost fallacy does seem to be an inherited instinct, similar to nostalgia, as outlined by Professor Simpson,which guides us to poor choices in the present. People have a tendency to continue with a plan of action just because they have invested in it—time and / or money—not because it is a good strategy now. But this does lead us to question why we have developed this behavior … Perhaps “not giving up” has some hidden benefits? When we make the initial decision, we have good reasons for making it, provided that we are trying to act rationally, of course. However, once time has gone by, we have a strong tendency to forget our initial reasons. We then find ourselves in a difficult position in the present, when we have put in time and money, and not yet reached the desired outcome, do we continue with our actions, though they require more effort, time, money, or whatever … or do we cut our losses and refuse to invest any further?Now the fallacy theory is that usually we follow that instinct and keep going, in order to get something back from our investment. This can mean we end up spending far more than we would ever consider sensible, on an outcome that simply isn’t worth it. Most business advisors say this is a mistake. However, there is also an argument that the feeling that prevents us from giving up and walking away is a memory of just how important the initial decision was. The fact that the feeling remains means that we need to at least seriously try to uncover the original reasons for making the choice, and consider these before deciding to walk away from the present problem.STEPHEN JOHNSON: OK, thank you, Professor Simpson and, uh … Dr. Hossam. So, I’m here to talk about a very specific business problem relating to the past and nostalgia. On the surface, it may not seem to have much to do with what our previous speakers were describing, but I hope you’ll see the connections shortly. The problem I’m talking about concerns “legacy systems.” These are defined as technological systems which were good in their day, but which are now no longer good enough for today’s business world.So what do you do when your computer system is too old to do the job properly? Easy, you say—just change it, upgrade it. Well, I’ve got bad news for you: It’s not that easy, unfortunately. For a complex company such as a major bank, changing the computer system is a major strategic decision. I’m not talking about a change, but a complete transformation of every system, every process, every role. There is the cost, the security implications, and the data transfer—for a big bank with millions of customers worldwide, it’s a nightmare. So many things can go wrong in the changeover, but … Well, without change the company is locked into an outdated system, a legacy system, that holds them back, prevents innovation and—and this is at the root of the problem—it leaves them vulnerable to competition by smaller, more flexible banks with up-to-date systems.Part of the problem is an unwillingness to change. After all, the system worked before, the bank was profitable and, as we said, has millions of supposedly satisfied customers. Why change? And, of course, everyone has adapted their own skills to match how it works—or doesn’t work … Now, the connection to Professor Simpson’s area should be becoming evident … As she has already said, nostalgia is a neurological phenomenon, rooted in our evolutionary past … so it’s not easy to override except with a real effort … Instincts die hard! To effect change, you have to focus on the outcome and give up worrying about the huge amount of prior work and cost. And as already highlighted by Dr. Hossam, the sunk cost fallacy is a factor in any decision where work and money have already been expended.Words & tipsWords and expressionsneuroscience n. （研究大脑的）神经科学stimulator n. 刺激物spring to (sb’s) mind （某人）马上想到prone adj. 易遭……的；很有……可能的；有……倾向的changeover n. （活动、体制或工作方法的）改变，转变，变更。

熊海虹主编《高等学校研究生英语综合教程-上》Unit-4 reading more

Reading More
The Last Chapter
Reading More
Global Understanding
Detailed Information
Language Points
Reading More——Global Understanding
Paras.1-3 Loving couple
Reading More——Language Points
2. He was a Republican; she an ardent Democrat.(Para. 5)
ardent: showing strong positive feelings about an activity
and determination to succeed at it。adj.热情的;热烈的;激动的
and less worried or frightened about a problem.n.安慰；慰藉;安慰（的话语）；保证。
e.g.She needed reassurance that she belonged somewhere... 她需要一种归属感让她安心。 e.g....reassurances that pesticides are not harmful. 杀虫剂没有危害的保证。
e.g.He's been one of the most ardent supporters of the administration's policy. 他一向是政府政策最热情的支持者之一。
Reading More——Language Points
3. There was a hope that they would change once they retired, and the furious winds did calm somewhat, but what remained steeled itself into bright, hard bitterness. (Para. 6)

高等学校研究生英语系列教材(听说教程)(上

L: No. My patients of web addiction vary widely in age. Our survey shows that millions of children and adults are now hooked, on what we call “Pathological Internet Use”.
stamp collecting, six, tiny but amazing, worth more, treasured
Sarah:
When I was a little girl, my friend were fond of 1) ___, but I just loved 2)____. My house had a big yard, which I regarded as my fantasy world. I helped my grandmother 3) ____. Actually I was a little bit lazy in my schoolwork but never in yard work. Some of my friends said it was an activity that 4) ____. I didn’t mind. 5) ____and I enjoyed sweating after a whole day’s work. It’s good for my health. Maybe I’ll spend most of my time in the yard after I retire.
M: Pathological? So it’s really a disease.
L: Absolutely. They use the web to the point where it can change moods or create negative consequences in relationships, financial situations or legal matters. Some online gamers play constantly, days in a row. Some spend days online murdering others in search of virtual possessions. Some remain isolated in their actual lives, but only talk to strangers online to enter another life. Most addicts have a kind of fixation. They throw themselves into an imaginary world.

研究生英语听说教程2-UnitFour

63Unit Four When MTV Goes CEOWhen MTV Goes CEO1. A gener‎a tion‎is defin‎e d by a commo‎n age locat‎i on in histo‎r y and a colle‎c tive‎peerperso‎n alit‎y. What do you know about‎the diffe‎r ent gener‎a tion‎s in Ameri‎c a in the 1900s‎?Look at the follo‎w ing chart‎. Match‎the gener‎a tion‎names‎on the left colum‎n with their‎birth‎years‎on the right‎. Say somet‎h ing about‎each of the gener‎a tion‎s.Great‎e st Gener‎a tion‎1965–1976Silen‎t Gener‎a tion‎1965–1980Baby Boome‎r s 1925–1945Beat Gener‎a tion‎1911–1924Baby Buste‎r s 1977–1994Gener‎a tion‎X 1948–1962Gener‎a tion‎Y 1946–19642. Look at the title‎of the follo‎w ing text: When MTV Goes CEO. What does MTV possi‎b ly refer‎to here? What does the title‎mean? What do you expec‎t to read from this passa‎g e?64新视角研究‎生英语读说写Text1234When MTV Goes CEOby Susan‎M. Keave‎n eyAs profe‎s sor of marke‎t ing at the Unive‎r sity‎of Color‎a do, Keave‎n ey teach‎e smarke‎t ing manag‎e ment‎, inter‎n atio‎n al marke‎t ing, and servi‎c es marke‎t ing for the gradu‎a te Schoo‎l of Busin‎e ss and Execu‎t ive MBA progr‎a ms. She has also worke‎d in retai‎l, finan‎c ial servi‎c es, and healt‎h care, and has been activ‎e‎in‎the‎―inter‎n atio‎n aliz‎a tion‎‖‎of‎busin‎e ssschoo‎l s.In the follo‎w ing artic‎l e, Susan‎Keave‎n ey provi‎d es a broad‎defin‎i tion‎of Gener‎a tion‎Xers, under‎headi‎n gs‎such‎as‎―latch‎k ey‎kids‖, ―techn‎o-babes‎‖, ―life-balan‎c ers‖,‎and‎―free agent‎s‖. She concl‎u des with a numbe‎r of quest‎i ons about‎how membe‎r s of this gener‎a tion‎will behav‎e by the middl‎e of the mille‎n nium‎.This artic‎l e is taken‎from Actin‎g on Words‎.What happe‎n s‎when‎the‎―unman‎a geab‎l es‖‎becom‎e manag‎e rs?―Who‎will‎take‎the‎helm?‖‎is‎one‎quest‎i on that will keep CEOs awake‎atnight‎in the next mille‎n nium‎. Most wonde‎r what corpo‎r ate cultu‎r e in servi‎c esfirms‎will look like when the 40 milli‎o n Gen Xers1‎in the work force‎— nowtwent‎y-and thirt‎y-somet‎h ing emplo‎y ees — take over as manag‎e rs.Much has been writt‎e n about‎Gen X emplo‎y ees, most of it negat‎i ve. Early‎studi‎e s accus‎e d them of being‎arrog‎a nt, uncom‎m itte‎d, unman‎a geab‎l e slack‎e rs— disre‎s pect‎f ul of autho‎r ity, scorn‎f ul of payin‎g dues —tatto‎o ed and pierc‎e dyouth‎s‎who‎―just‎don’t‎care.‖‎Re cen‎t inter‎p reta‎t ions‎, howev‎e r, offer‎some newand somew‎h at diffe‎r ent insig‎h ts.Arrog‎a nce or Indep‎e nden‎c e?Gen Xers have been chara‎c teri‎z ed‎as‎the‎―latch‎k ey kids2‎‖‎of‎the‎70’s‎and80’s; often‎left on their‎own by divor‎c ed and / or worki‎n g paren‎t s, these‎young‎peopl‎e becam‎e adept‎at handl‎i ng thing‎s on their‎own and in their‎own ways.Many becam‎e self-motiv‎a ting‎, self-suffi‎c ient‎, and creat‎i ve probl‎e m-solve‎r s.Their‎indep‎e nden‎c e, which‎baby-boom3‎manag‎e rs somet‎i mes inter‎p ret as1 Gen X: refer‎s to the namel‎e ssne‎s s of a gener‎a tion‎that was born betwe‎e n mid 1960s‎and late 1970s‎, right‎follo‎w ing the peak ofthe post-World‎War II baby boom, espec‎i ally‎in Canad‎a and the Unite‎d State‎s. X一代2 latch‎k ey kid: also latch‎k ey child‎,refer‎s to a child‎that retur‎n s from schoo‎l to an empty‎home becau‎s e their‎paren‎t s are away atwork, or a child‎that is often‎left at home with littl‎e or no paren‎t al super‎v isio‎n. Calle‎d‎―latch‎k ey‎kids‖‎becau‎s e the kids often‎hadthe tellt‎a le keys aroun‎d their‎necks‎or in their‎pocke‎t s. 钥匙儿童3 baby-boom: most often‎refer‎s to the drama‎t ic post-World‎War II incre‎a sed birth‎r ate (1946–1964) in the U.S., with the termBaby Boome‎r refer‎r ing to the perso‎n s born durin‎g that iconi‎c era. 婴儿潮65Unit Four When MTV Goes CEO8910711arrog‎a nce, may also refle‎c t a need to feel trust‎e d to get a job done.As emplo‎y ees, Gen Xers enjoy‎freed‎o m to manag‎e their‎own sched‎u les.They‎don’t‎watch‎a clock‎and‎don’t want their‎manag‎e rs to do so. Wheth‎e r workis done from nine-to-five or noon-to-eight‎— at home, in the offic‎e, or over latte‎s— is irrel‎e vant‎to this group‎becau‎s e Gen Xers are resul‎t s-orien‎t ed. They seekguida‎n ce, inspi‎r atio‎n, and visio‎n from their‎manag‎e rs but other‎w ise prefe‎r tobe left alone‎betwe‎e n goal-setti‎n g and deliv‎e rabl‎e s.Many Gen Xers excel‎at devel‎o ping‎innov‎a tive‎solut‎i ons, but need clear‎,firm deadl‎i nes to set bound‎a ries‎on their‎creat‎i ve freed‎o m. They have beenknown‎to brist‎l e under‎micro‎m anag‎e ment‎but flour‎i sh with coach‎i ng andfeedb‎a ck.Techn‎o-Babes‎Gen X grew up with rapid‎l y chang‎i ng techn‎o logy‎and the avail‎a bili‎t y ofmassi‎v e amoun‎t s of infor‎m atio‎n. Many devel‎o ped skill‎s at paral‎l el proce‎s sing‎or sorti‎n g large‎amoun‎t s of infor‎m atio‎n quick‎l y (which‎is somet‎i mesinter‎p rete‎d as a short‎atten‎t ion span). Most are skill‎e d at under‎s tand‎i ng andusing‎techn‎o logi‎e s, adapt‎quick‎l y to new platf‎o rms, and are pract‎i ced atlearn‎i ng throu‎g h techn‎o logi‎c al media‎. They value‎visua‎l as well as verba‎lcommu‎n icat‎i on.Gen X emplo‎y ees excel‎in a techn‎o logi‎c ally‎advan‎c ed envir‎o nmen‎t. Theydeman‎d state‎-of-the-art capab‎i liti‎e s, such as telec‎o mmut‎i ng, telec‎o nfer‎e ncin‎g,and elect‎r onic‎mail, in order‎to work effic‎i entl‎y and effec‎t ivel‎y. To babyb‎o ommanag‎e rs this may seem to be a prefe‎r ence‎for imper‎s onal‎means‎ofcommu‎n icat‎i ng, livin‎g and worki‎n g, but Gen Xers do not see it that way; forexamp‎l e, they have modif‎i ed elect‎r onic‎langu‎a ge and symbo‎l ism to expre‎s semoti‎o ns such as surpr‎i se, anger‎and pleas‎u re.Get a LifeGen X emplo‎y ees‎don’t‎live‎to‎work, they work to live. They place‎a highvalue‎on proto‎t ypic‎a l famil‎y value‎s that they feel they misse‎d. Havin‎g obser‎v edtheir‎paren‎t s trade‎perso‎n al lives‎for‎―the‎good‎of‎the‎compa‎n y,‖‎this‎group‎wants‎balan‎c e in their‎lives‎, deman‎d ing time for work, play, famil‎y, frien‎d s, andspiri‎t uali‎t y. Gen X emplo‎y ees are skept‎i cal of forgo‎i ng the needs‎of today‎for alater‎, uncer‎t ain payof‎f.When on the job marke‎t, Gen Xers will openl‎y ask life-balan‎c e quest‎i ons.This can be a turno‎f f for unpre‎p ared‎inter‎v iewe‎r s used to class‎i c baby-boome‎rscrip‎t s featu‎r ing such lines‎as‎―How‎can‎I‎best‎contr‎i bute‎to the compa‎n y?‖‎and―My‎great‎e st weakn‎e ss‎is‎that‎I‎work‎too‎hard.‖In contr‎a st, Gen‎Xers‎want‎to‎know‎―What‎can‎you‎do‎to‎help‎me‎balan‎c ework, life, and famil‎y?‖‎They‎expec‎t compa‎n ies to under‎s tand‎and respe‎c t their‎needs‎as indiv‎i dual‎s with impor‎t ant perso‎n al lives‎. This focus‎on‎―getti‎n g alife‖‎cause‎s some to label‎them as slack‎e rs. Viewe‎d from anoth‎e r persp‎e ctiv‎e,howev‎e r, Gen Xers could‎be seen as balan‎c ed indiv‎i dual‎s who can set prior‎i ties‎withi‎n time limit‎s.6566新视角研究‎生英语读说写Just Do ItGen X grew up with scand‎a ls in polit‎i cs (Water‎g ate4‎, White‎w ater‎g ate5‎),liter‎a ture‎(The Educa‎t ion of Littl‎e Tree6‎), journ‎a lism‎(Janet‎Cooke‎7), busin‎e ss(Ivan Boesk‎y8, Micha‎e l Milli‎k en9), enter‎t ainm‎e nt (Milli‎Vanal‎l i10), profe‎s sion‎a lsport‎s (Pete Rose1‎1, Tonya‎Hardi‎n g12), and relig‎i on (Jim13‎and Tammy‎Bakke‎r14).It’s‎not‎surpr‎i sing‎that‎they’re‎cynic‎a l about‎autho‎r ity, irrev‎e rent‎about‎hiera‎r chy, hate burea‎u crac‎y, loath‎e hidde‎n agend‎a s, and disda‎i n polit‎i ckin‎g.They deman‎d hones‎t y and clari‎t y, and respe‎c t subst‎a nce over style‎.Gen X emplo‎y ees tend to focus‎on the big pictu‎r e, to empha‎s ize outco‎m esover proce‎s s or proto‎c ol. They respe‎c t clear‎, unamb‎i guou‎s commu‎n icat‎i on —wheth‎e r good news or bad. Gen Xers prefe‎r tangi‎b le rewar‎d s over soft words‎.Cash incen‎t ives‎, conce‎r t ticke‎t s, compu‎t er equip‎m ent, or sport‎s outin‎g s gofarth‎e r with this group‎than ―attab‎o ys,‖‎plaqu‎e s, or promi‎s es of futur‎e rewar‎d s.Free Agent‎sGrowi‎n g up in a perio‎d of corpo‎r ate downs‎i zing‎and right‎-sizin‎g foste‎r edGen X belie‎f s that the futur‎e depen‎d s on their‎resum‎e s rathe‎r than loyal‎t y toany one compa‎n y. Not surpr‎i sing‎l y, Gen X emplo‎y ees seek chall‎e ngin‎g proje‎c tsthat help them devel‎o p a portf‎o lio of skill‎s.What might‎appea‎r to a baby-boom manag‎e r as job-hoppi‎n g can be141512134 Water‎g ate: 即the Water‎g ate Affai‎r水门事件, 指1972‎年6月17‎日美国共和‎党总统候选‎人尼克松利‎用其竞选班‎子刺探对方‎民主党的竞选‎政策而在民‎主党总部水‎门大厦安装‎窃听器所引‎发的政治丑‎闻。

英语听力(研究生听说上)

Speaking for communication
Talking it Up Situation 1:
On campus, one fresher describs the university library reading room to another fresher.(24*18 meters)
Speaking for communication
Talking it through Package tour
V.S
Self-service travel
Package tour Vs self-service travel
Advantages of package tour
Disadvantages of selfservice travel
Advantages of selfservice travel
1. More freedom. 2. Enjoy the trip with great ease; fully appreciate the sights. 3. More educational; better chance to mix with local people, better understanding of local culture and customs. 4. It’s up to you when and where to shop or whether to shop or not.
研究生英语系列教材
听说教程（听说教程（上）
LISTENING AND SPEAKING
Listening And Speaking
• Course Introduction (12 Units，but Unit1-10for ， final test) • Course Requirements -- In class: Attendence; Finish the listening tasks; Open the mouth and take an active part in the activities or discussions or performance (20%) -- After class: Finish the assignments (10%) -- Evaluation: 100% = 60%Final + 30%Process + 10%Oral

高等学校研究生英语综合教程上unit4共68页文档

1. impersonal: adj. 客观的；非个人的；没有人情味的 e.g. Before then many children were cared for in large
impersonal orphanages. 在那以前，许多孩子在无人情味的大孤儿院里被照料。 2. retard: vt. 延迟；阻止；妨碍 vi. 减慢；受到阻滞
e.g. 1) He had a deep yearning to return to his home town. 2) I suppose it's because I live in a crowded city that I have this yearning for open spaces.
Children who are raised in impersonal environments (orphanage, some foster homes,or unloving families) show emotional and social underdevelopment, language and motor skills retardation, and mental health problems. (Para. 2)
Reading Focus – Language Point
Babies and children deprived of love have known to develop a wide variety of problem—for example, depression, headaches, physiological impairments, and neurotic and psychosomatic difficulties—that sometimes last a lifetime. (Para. 1)

研究生英语听说教程提高级教师用书（第四单元）

研究生英语听说教程提高级教师用书（第四单元）Unit 4 DietWoman: Oh, no thanks, I think I'm OK. Listen, is it OK with you if we ask for the check now? I know that we're still eating, but I'm ina bit of a hurry.Man: No, sure, it's fine. Thanks. Excuse me, can...uh...we have the check,please?Number ThreeMan: What is it?Woman: You know, I'm not sure. I think it's...chicken.Man: Nhn-nhn, I think it's beef.Woman: Ugh, the vegetables look very strange, don't they?Man: Oh, well, I'm not really very hungry.Woman: Oh, me neither.Man: I'll just taste it...You'll never guess!Woman: What?Man: It's fish. And the sauce is actually pretty good. I thought it would be bland , but it's not at all. Here ,try it. It's not bad. Woman: Oh, all right...Ugh! It's awful. It's too salty.Man: Well, I like it.Woman: Oh,now I need some more soda.I wish they'd come back with the drink cart again.Man: Here,have yourself some of mine.Then we'll ask the flight attendant for two more cans.Task 4Listening:You will hear two short conversations.Some people are ordering food at a restaurant.Listen to the recording and complete the chart below with what you hear.Waiter: Are you ready to order,sir?Man: Yes,I think so.Darling?Woman: I'll have the vegetable soup to start...Waiter: The vegetable soup.And to follow,madam?Woman: The salmon with a salad.Waiter: And for you,sir?Man: I'll have the vegetable soup too,please.Waiter: Two vegetable soups.Man: And I'll have a steak,I think.Waiter: How would you like it, sir?Rare,medium,or well done?Man: Very rare--blue if you can.Waiter: Thank you very much,sir.Would you like to see the wine list?Waiter: Ready to order?Customer: Yes,I'd like the potato soup.Waiter: White or brown bread?Customer: White,please.Waiter: And to follow?Customer: Just a chicken salad,please.Waiter: And to drink?Customer: A mineral water.Waiter: Still or sparkling?Customer: Sparkling,please.Waiter: Ice and lemon?Customer: Both,please.Task 6Listening:You will hear five short extracts.What kind of food and/or drink are/is talked about in each of them?Listen to the recording and note down your answers to full in the table below.Extract 1A: Well,the results of the tests make it absolutely clear.You'll have to cut out dairy products completely.B: What?Everything?You mean cheese and yoghurt and butter...?A:Yes,I'm afraid so.And milk.You'll have to try a substitute like soya milk for tea and coffee if you really can't drink them black.Extract 2A: What's the food like in your family?B: It's great!Every morning we have cornflakes and toast and sometimes bacon and eggs.The only problem is that we have the evening meal very early.Often I am very hungry in the night.And the food where you're staying?How is it?A: Oh,the Wilsons,has lived in France for a long time,so they prepare a lot of typically French dishes.It's just like home.Extract 3A: Mobile Burgers.Simon speaking.Can I help you?B: Yes,I'd like a double cheese burger,no onion.A: Anything with that?B: Oh yeah.And some chips and a chocolate milkshake.A: What size chips?Small,medium or large?B: Oh actually I don't think I'll have the chips.A: OK.Address?B: 21 Walker Street.A: Fine.We'll be round in 15 minutes.Extract 4So if you don't have a microwave,you heat your coconut oil in a deeppot like this one until it's smoking slightly.It's good and hot now,I think.Throw your corn into the pot and put the lid on firmly,like this.Then turn the heat off under the pan and enjoy thesound of that corn popping!There it goes!Extract 5Right.I hear that some people have been taking food and drinks into the computer room.This is absolutely not...I repeat not...allowed.It's valuable equipment and it can be damaged very easily.A major problem was caused by someone spilling a bottle of water the other day...so no food and no liquids or the room will be closed unless a teacher is there to supervise.Task 7Listening:You will hear an interview with two people about their particular diet.Listen to the recording and complete the chart below with what you hear.Sam(I=Interviewer; S=Sam)I: Congratulations on winning the tournament,Sam.How do you feel? S: Oh,great!I: Are you going to celebrate?S: Definitely.I've been training non-stop for ages and I need a good night out.I: How do you train for a kick-boxing tournament like this?S: Basically,you have to live like a monk for weeks...I: Really?Aren't you allowed to go out?S: Yes,actually you can go out,but you can't drink or smoke and you have to be in bed by midnight.I: I guess that's quite difficult for a young guy like yourself.What other sacrifices do you have to make?S: Well, obviously you have trained every day, and the main thing for kick-boxing is to build up your stamina--so while I'm training I have to be quite strict with my diet.I: So what do you eat?S: Um, the first thing is cutting down on fat--no crisps or burgers.I'm not supposed to eat butter, but that's really hard because I really love it.Oh, and I mustn't drink too much caffeine.I: And what sort of things are good for you?S: High-fibre food, like brown rice and vegetables. Cranberry juice is good--loads and loads of fluid. That's really important.I: What about protein?S: Yeah, of course that's important,but meat tends to be very fatty--I try to stick to fish.Mushrooms are really good--I eat lots of mushrooms. Butcarbohydrates are as important as protein because I need the energy. I don't want to end up with enormous muscles.I: Talking of muscles, do you work out?S: Of course--that's part of the training. I work out every day, but I do quite a lot of aerobic exercise and not too much weight-lifting. For kick-boxing you have to increase your energy levels.I: What are you going to have for dinner now the competition's over? S: Steak and chips with loads of bread and butter, Coke to drink, followed by apple pie and cream. And a double expresso. No problem.I: A well-earned treat. Enjoy it! Thank you, Sam Davidson, the new kick-boxing champion--and now back to the studio.Catherine(C=Catherine; M=Mike)M: Catherine you look great in these photos.C: Oh,thanks. I had to go through hell to get into that wedding dress. M: What do you mean?C: It was too small.M: Why didn't you get one your size?C: Oh,it was my grandmother's--my mother wore it on herwedding day, and I really wanted to wear it on mine.M: Oh,I can see why--it's gorgeous. But the waist is minute!C: Tell me about it. I suffered for six months so I could wear it.M: How did you do it?C: Oh, well, you know this diet that all the Hollywood actors are doing? M: No--I thought they just had plastic surgery every time their body needed reshaping.C: Well, they probably do that as well--but there's this new diet. I don't think it's very healthy if you do it for a long time, but it really works. M: Is it the diet where you think of all the food you love and avoid it for six months?C: No--actually,it's amazing. Believe it or not, you can eat things like,em, roast chicken and steak and eggs and bacon, but you just can't eat any carbohydrates with it.M: No bread.C: No.M: What about pasta?C: No.M: Oh, I couldn't live without pasta.C: Mm, it was hard--I was dying for a nice plate of spaghetti.M: Did you have to exercise?C: Well, you know me--I'm not exactly sportswoman of the year. But I wanted to get rid of my stomach so I had to do situps every morning. Nightmare!M: How much did you lose?C: To be honest, I have no idea--the important thing to me was that I could put that dress on and look good in it.M: Are you still dieting then?C: No way--I love my food and dieting is so boring. Hopefully,I won't need to wear the wedding dress again anyway!Task 11Listening:You will hear an interview with someone about pleasures. He gives answers to the four questions above. Listen to the recording and complete the chart below with what you hear. Interviewer:"Pleasure is the beginning and the end of living happily."Those are the words of the Greek philosopher Epicurus, who lived 2,300 years ago. People have always tried to findpleasure and today we have many more pleasures than the Ancient Greeks had. And yet we still don't know a lot about this important part of life. Here in the studio is Dr.Jonathan Shamberg. Good evening, Dr.Shamberg.Dr.Shamberg: Good evening. It's a pleasure to be here.I: Yes, indeed. Well, what things give people most pleasure?D: We don't all enjoy the same things. Pleasure means different things to different people. Some people get pleasure from jumping out ofaeroplanes or driving at 200 kph. For others pleasure comes from relaxing in a hot bath or playing with children. Doing a crossword or repairing the car give other people pleasure.I: What's the purpose of pleasure? Why does it exist?D: Well, if pleasure didn't exist, we wouldn't exist. Pleasure is important for human survival. If we want to survive, we have to do three things--eat, have children, and get on with each other. If these things give pleasure, we want to do them. So we survive. That's why we get so much pleasure from food, being in love, and socializing.I: But what is pleasure?D: Pleasure is a chemical reaction in the brain. When we dosomething that we enjoy, endorphin and noradrenaline are produced. These stimulated pleasure centers in the brain.I: And is pleasure good for you?D: Oh, yes. The happier you are the longer you will live. But it isn't the great moments of pleasure that are important. Happy people enjoy the ordinary everyday things of life, like cooking a meal, going for a walk or chatting with a friend.I: I see. Well, let's talk some more about your research into pleasure...。

研究生英语听说教程(提高级第三版)Unit4PPT课件

1 Curry and Spicy, tasty,
Water
rice
pretty good, fine,
fresh
Restaurant
2 Cheese cake
Looks really good, rich, sweet
Coffee
3 Fish and M: sauce pretty Soda vegetables good, not bad W: awful, too salty; vegetable strange
Guess what! Bradley's resigned. You'll never guess who I saw today.
Listen to the recording of Task 3 again and see how these expressions are used.
-
12
Here are some words which you can use when talking about food.
-
Unit Four
Diet
-
4
Activity 1: Discussion
Warm-up questions 1. How do you understand the term “diet”? 2. What is a balanced diet? What should a
balanced diet include?
You know what? I think he's lonely.
Hey: a shout used to get sb.'s attention or to show surprise, interest, or annoyance

高等学校研究生英语系列教材(听说教程)(上)Unit4解析

H: Recently, an organization has advocated 3) a movement entitled “Please Write Letters”, encouraging people to send more handwritten letters, to put pen to paper. In some companies, receiving a handwritten notes is now seen as something of compliment, for it’s more personal and sincere.
Z: Quite possible. You see, traditional calligraphy draws less attention now. My teacher should have taught us more about traditional Chinese calligrbeen about play and fashion. One toy-market analyst says that in the last couple of years there has been a little bit too much emphasis on just having it look trendy and fashionable. Mattel’s biggest problem was that they forgot to put some of the fun into some of the Barbie toys. 2) And they forgot some of the basic elements. Toys need to be magical. A child needs to open a toy and immediately want to play. Mattel was not doing that.

研究生英语综合教程(上)unit_4答案课件

4) What prediction did James Murray try to make with his findings?
Whether the marriage would last.
5) How correct was James Murray’s prediction? Ninety-four percent.
。
4
Starting out—Task 1
e.g. Friendship, work, peer, love, parental, marriage…
Words for reference: • Friendship: care, association, esteem,
empathy, friendliness, attachment, affinity, bond, harmony, intimacy, affection; going to movies, heart-to -heart talk, playing sports together
。
3
Starting out—Task 1
Task 1 Work in groups to list the possible relationships a normal human being will encounter in his lifetime. Also list the words and activities related to a certain relationship.
1) What did James Murray try to do? To explore the rocky road of romance.
2) What was the first step James Murray take in his research? Videotaped hundreds of volunteer couples in discussion.

研究生英语系列教材听说教程(上)总主编：何莲珍石坚答案讲解

Unit 1Are You Hooked To It?(ListeningPartKeys1.stamp collecting2. miniature works of art on every possible subject3. Yard work4. Make gardens beautiful5. Transformer collecting6. A way of life1. What is mainly talked about in this conversation?Internet addiction has become a serious problem.2. Can you describe a picture of a typical Internet addict?He often imagines himself in a virtual world and his daily life is often in disorder.3. How can you know whether you are addicted to the Internet or not?Take a break from using a computer and observe whether you feel restless.1-4 ABBD1-4 BDAA1. Suffer the nightmare2. Genders3. Unaffordable4. Sufferers5. More than 1 in 20 adults6. Expensive electronics7. Such a high number of compulsive shoppers in the general population8. Make finding a cure a priorityBCDBDDCCAA2368T1457FHobbiesBy W. H. GrieverA hobby may be fancy wild,Or just a whim (突发奇想), as in a child;It is something one likes to do,And does by choice, with pleasure too;May outlet be for latent （潜藏的）skillOr just life’s way a gap to fill;May tribute be to best in art,When love for beauty fills the heart;May be God’s way, with soil and air,To bring to life some beauty rare;Or it may be some form of sport,Beyond the call of duty’s court;May be excuse for chance to playWhen duty’s call bids one obey.When one can be to duty trueAnd not compelled a thing to do.A hobby’s good, as men have found,If one be ill; or one be sound,When duty tends to make a slave,A hobby helps one’s freedom save;No matter much what hobby beIt matters most that one is freeUnit 21. Switzerland, 2weeks, 850, hotels and meals;2. Bermuda, 9 days, 579, June 1st;3. Amazon Jungle, expedition, 1,199, an experiencedguide;Lorraine: c,gJohn: a,e,hPhilip b,d,f,i,j1. Big business, amazing2. Doubtful3. The more tourists can mix with local people, the better off everyone is.BDA1.Rockefeller centre New York2. tonight before the Christmas season3. 9 storeyes4. people from all over the country5. over 30,0006. 10 feet in diametre7. crystal8. a home in ConnecticutInformationRockefeller Centre is a complex of 14 skyscrapers commissioned by John D.Rockefeller Jr. (1874--1960) and built (1931--1940) in Manhattan, New York City.The centre now consists of 21 buildings, housing offices, restaurants, shops, cinemas, broadcasting and the Radio City Music Hall.Dallas is a large commercial and industrial city in northeastern Texas located in the heart of the northern Texas oil fields.Connecticut is a state of the northeast United States. It was admitted as one of the original thirteen colonies in 1788. Conne cticut’s coastline was first explored by Dutch navigators after 1614, and in 1634 colonists from Massachusetts Bay began to settle inthe Connecticut River Valley. Its capital is Hartford, and its largest city is Bridgeport.ADDBABDDDB1. Sleepless2. Loss of appetite3. Irregular heartbeat4. Feelings of despair5. Tiredness6. Stomachache7. Breathing trouble 8 anxiety9. nervousness10 space the vacation out11 blow it all at once12 returning on a Monday13 such blues are temporary14 not making important decisions15 a new period in life16 personal growthEnjoying yourselfAll the Way to McDonald’sWhen I started college, my mother, knowing my eating habits, worried that I would gain a lot weight. Every time I phoned her, I told her that I wouldn’t put on weight because I was jogging regularly with my roommate. On my first visit home, my mother saw that I had gained weight. “How far do you jog?” she asked. I replied, “All the way to McDonald’s”.I Told Everyone That You Were 54My son gave a party one Saturday night. I was hesitant about havinga group of teenagers in our home; but, to my surprise, they wereall nice. The kids told me how young I looked (I was 44). When the party was over, I told my son how much I like his friends. He smiled and asked me if I felt like a teenager again. “Yes,” I replied, “and it felt wonderful.” “I’m glad,” he said. “By the way,I told everyone that you were 54”.Do You Have a Living Will?I hate the idea of going under the knife. So I was very upset whenthe doctor told me I needed an operation. Later, ghe nurse and I were filling out an admission form. I tried to respond to the questions, but I was so nervous I couldn’t speak. The nurse put down the form, took my hands in hers and said, “Don’t worry. This m edical problem can easily be fixed, and it’s not a dangerous procedure.” “You’re right. I’m being silly,” I said, feeling relieved. “Please continue.” “Good. Now,” the nurse went on, “do you have a living will?”。

研究生英语听说课件unit 4

The Chinese dragon culture is not the kind of worship, but rather a creative culture.In china, the dragon has an important position and influence. During the 5,000 years, Dragon has become a symbol of the China, a symbol of the Chinese nation, a symbol of Chinese culture, a symbol of the rapid advance of the great motherland.
Pre-discussion: Pair work
• What is the basis of Chinese culture? Find some key words to describe the characteristics of Chinese culture. • As the speech states, culture is always changing. Can you give some examples to support that argument? • What do you know about western culture?
研究生英语系列教材
听说教程（上）
LISTENING AND SPEAKING
Unit 1
Unit 4 Do as Romans Do
Content
Warm-up Listening for content Speaking for communication
Assignments

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H: It’s not the teacher’s fault. People now place less value on the importance of practising calligraphy. They think cnize and write characters.
Z: Quite possible. You see, traditional calligraphy draws less attention now. My teacher should have taught us more about traditional Chinese calligraphy.
Z: Well, you are not alone in your worries. Last week, I was reading a postcard my father sent me. I was struck by how neat and clear it was. You know, he does not live with me, but his unique handwriting reminds me of my days with him.
For example, people who share the same level of material possessions may have different values or beliefs. People who have similar beliefs may change the way to express emotions. From birth to death, people are faced with cultural messages and change in these components.
The term culture has been defined in many ways. Howard defines it as the customary manner in which human groups learn to recognize their behavior and thoughts. I define culture as the way of life of a group of people. In that way, culture is in essence the moulder of human behavior of a certain group.
1) Sometimes, I wonder will my son be impressed by my handwriting? My ugly handwriting! H: 2) How can your handwriting be beautiful, when we rely on computers, cellphones and other electronic tools to communicate? I am afraid that one day writing will become very difficult, because children may be unable to recall the stroke sequence to write some characters.
Culture has several major components. The first important one is material possessions, which refer to objects like books or clothes. The non-material component can be illustrated by the following parts: values, norms, beliefs, emotions, attitudes, aspirations, laws, and symbols.
The arrows in the figure point in both directions, suggesting that culture shapes these components. In turn, these aspects impact culture, which means culture is dynamic, always undergoing great changes.
Questions for the long conversation 1. What do Huang and Zhao think of their handwriting? 2. What is the reason for that? 3. What are they worried most about in terms of children? 4. According to the passage, how long is the history of
Chinese handwriting? 5. What advise do they offer? 6. What is mainly talked about in this conversation?
H: Well, I’m a little worried about my Chinese handwriting skills. I use my computers to write my e-mails and my cellphone to send messages. It’s so easy to forget how to write Chinese character!