2018年上海崇明区高三一模试题(附答案)
上海市崇明区2018届高三第一次模拟考试数学试题含答案
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2018年上海市崇明县高考数学一模试卷一、填空题(本大题共有12题,满分54分,其中1-6题每题4分,7-12题每题5分)1.已知集合A={1,2,5},B={2,a},若A∪B={1,2,3,5},则a= .2.抛物线y2=4x的焦点坐标为.3.不等式<0的解是.4.若复数z满足iz=1+i(i为虚数单位),则z= .5.在代数式(x﹣)7的展开式中,一次项的系数是.(用数字作答)6.若函数y=2sin(ωx﹣)+1(ω>0)的最小正周期是π,则ω= .7.(5分)若函数f(x)=x a的反函数的图象经过点(,),则a= .8.(5分)将一个正方形绕着它的一边所在的直线旋转一周,所得几何体的体积为27πcm3,则该几何体的侧面积为cm2.9.(5分)已知函数y=f(x)是奇函数,当x<0 时,f(x)=2x﹣ax,且f(2)=2,则a= .10.(5分)若无穷等比数列{a n}的各项和为S n,首项 a1=1,公比为a﹣,且S n=a,则a= .11.(5分)从5男3女共8名学生中选出队长1人,副队长1人,普通队员2人组成 4人志愿者服务队,要求服务队中至少有 1 名女生,共有种不同的选法.(用数字作答)12.(5分)在ABC中,BC边上的中垂线分别交BC,AC于点D,E.若?=6,||=2,则AC= .二、选择题(本大题共有4题,满分20分)13.(5分)展开式为ad﹣bc的行列式是()A.B.C.D.14.(5分)设a,b∈R,若a>b,则()A.<B.lga>lgb C.sin a>sin b D.2a>2b15.(5分)已知等差数列{a n}的公差为d,前n项和为S n,则“d>0”是“S4+S6>2S5”的()A.充分不必要条件B.必要不充分条件C.充分必要条件 D.既不充分也不必要条件16.(5分)直线x=2与双曲线﹣y2=1的渐近线交于A,B两点,设P为双曲线上任一点,若=a+b(a,b∈R,O为坐标原点),则下列不等式恒成立的是()A.a2+b2≥1 B.|ab|≥1 C.|a+b|≥1 D.|a﹣b|≥2三、解答题(本大题共有5题,满分76分)17.(14分)如图,长方体ABCD﹣A1B1C1D1中,AB=BC=2,A1C与底面ABCD所成的角为60°,(1)求四棱锥A1﹣ABCD的体积;(2)求异面直线A1B与 B1D1所成角的大小.18.(14分)已知f(x)=2sinxcosx+2cos2x﹣1.(1)求f(x)的最大值及该函数取得最大值时x的值;(2)在△ABC 中,a,b,c分别是角 A,B,C所对的边,若a=,b=,且f()=,求边c的值.19.(14分)2016 年崇明区政府投资 8 千万元启动休闲体育新乡村旅游项目.规划从 2017 年起,在今后的若干年内,每年继续投资 2 千万元用于此项目.2016 年该项目的净收入为5 百万元,并预测在相当长的年份里,每年的净收入均为上一年的基础上增长50%.记 2016 年为第 1 年,f (n)为第 1 年至此后第 n (n∈N*)年的累计利润(注:含第 n 年,累计利润=累计净收入﹣累计投入,单位:千万元),且当 f (n)为正值时,认为该项目赢利.(1)试求 f (n)的表达式;(2)根据预测,该项目将从哪一年开始并持续赢利?请说明理由.20.(16分)在平面直角坐标系中,已知椭圆C:+y2=1 (a>0,a≠1)的两个焦点分别是F1,F2,直线l:y=kx+m(k,m∈R)与椭圆交于A,B两点.。
上海市崇明区2018届高三第一次高考模拟考试数学试题
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【题干序号】1已知集合{}{}1,2,52,A B a ==,若{}1,2,3,5A B ⋃=,则a =_____.【答案序号】【来源】上海市崇明区2018届高三第一次高考模拟考试数学试题 【答案】3【解析】因为集合{}{}1,2,52,A B a ==,,且{}1,2,3,5A B ⋃=,所以3a =,故答案为3.【题干序号】2抛物线24y x =的焦点坐标是______.【答案序号】【来源】上海市崇明区2018届高三第一次高考模拟考试数学试题 【答案】(1,0)【解析】抛物线24y x =的焦点在x 轴上,且2,12pp =∴=,所以抛物线24y x =的焦点坐标为()1,0,故答案为()1,0.【题干序号】3 不等式01xx <+的解是_____.【答案序号】【来源】上海市崇明区2018届高三第一次高考模拟考试数学试题 【答案】()1,0- 【解析】由01x x <+可得,()10x x +<解得10x -<< ,所以不等式01x x <+的解是()1,0-. 故答案为:()1,0-.【题干序号】4若复数z 满足1iz i =+(i 为虚数单位),则z =__________.【答案序号】【来源】上海市崇明区2018届高三第一次高考模拟考试数学试题 【答案】1i -【解析】由1iz i =+,得()1111i ii z i i ++===--.故答案为:1i -.【题干序号】5在代数式721x x ⎛⎫- ⎪⎝⎭的展开式中,一次项的系数是_____.(用数字作答)【答案序号】【来源】上海市崇明区2018届高三第一次高考模拟考试数学试题 【答案】21【解析】721x x ⎛⎫- ⎪⎝⎭展开式的通项为()773177211rr r r rr r T C x C x x --+⎛⎫=-=- ⎪⎝⎭,令731r -=,得2r =,()227121C -=,故答案为21.【题干序号】6 若函数()2103y sin x πωω⎛⎫=-+> ⎪⎝⎭的最小正周期是π,则ω=_____.【答案序号】【来源】上海市崇明区2018届高三第一次高考模拟考试数学试题 【答案】2【解析】因为函数()203y sin x πωω⎛⎫=+> ⎪⎝⎭的最小正周期是π,所以2ππω=,解得2ω=,故答案为2.【题干序号】7若函数()af x x =的反函数的图象经过点11,24⎛⎫⎪⎝⎭,则a =_____.【答案序号】【来源】上海市崇明区2018届高三第一次高考模拟考试数学试题 【答案】12【解析】函数()af x x =的反函数的图象经过点11,24⎛⎫⎪⎝⎭,所以,函数()a f x x =的图象经过点11,42⎛⎫⎪⎝⎭,1142a =(),12a =,故答案为12.【题干序号】8将一个正方形绕着它的一边所在的直线旋转一周,所得圆柱的体积为327πcm ,则该圆柱的侧面积为______2cm .【答案序号】【来源】上海市崇明区2018届高三第一次高考模拟考试数学试题 【答案】18π【解析】将一个正方形绕着它的一边所在的直线旋转一周,所得圆柱的体积为327cm π,设正方体的边长为cm a ,则227V a a ππ=⋅=,解得3cm,a =∴该圆柱的侧面积为223318cm S ππ=⨯⨯=,故答案为18π.【题干序号】9已知函数()y f x =是奇函数,当0x <时,()2xf x ax =-,且()22f =,则a =_____.【答案序号】【来源】上海市崇明区2018届高三第一次高考模拟考试数学试题【答案】98-【解析】()y f x =Q 是奇函数,且当0x <时,()2xf x ax =-,()()()222222f f a -∴=--=-+=,解得98a =-,故答案为98-.【题干序号】10若无穷等比数列{}n a 的各项和为n S ,首项11a = ,公比为32a -,且lim n x S a →∞= ,则a =_____.【答案序号】【来源】上海市崇明区2018届高三第一次高考模拟考试数学试题 【答案】2【解析】Q 无穷等比数列{}n a 的前n 项和为n S ,首项为11a =,公比32a -,且()lim n n S a n N*→∞=∈,21,2520312a a a a ∴=∴-+=-+,2a ∴=或12a =,3122a ∴-=或312a -=-,31,22a a -<∴=Q ,故答案为2.【题干序号】11从5男3女共8名学生中选出队长1人,副队长1人,普通队员2人组成 4人志愿者服务队,要求服务队中至少有 1 名女生,共有_____种不同的选法.(用数字作答)【答案序号】【来源】上海市崇明区2018届高三第一次高考模拟考试数学试题 【答案】780【解析】第一类,先选1女3男,有315330C C =种,这4人选2人作为队长和副队有2412A =种,故有3012360⨯= 种;第二类,先选2女2男,有225330C C =种,这4人选2人作为队长和副队有2412A =种,故有3012360⨯=种;第三类,先选3女1男,有13535C C =种,这4人选2人作为队长和副队有2412A =种,故有51260⨯=种,根据分类计数原理共有360360+60780+=种,故答案为780.【题干序号】12在ABC ∆中,BC 边上的中垂线分别交,BC AC 于点,D E 若6,2AE BC AB ⋅==u u u v u u u v u u u v,则AC =_______【答案序号】【来源】上海市崇明区2018届高三第一次高考模拟考试数学试题 【答案】4【解析】设,AB a AC b ==u u u r r u u u r r,则()()1,,02AD a b BC b a DE BC =+=-⋅=u u u v u u u v u u u v u u u v v v v v , ()AE BC AD DE BC ⋅=+⋅u u u v u u u v u u u v u u u v u u u v ()()12AD BC DE BC AD BC a b b a =⋅+⋅=⋅=+⋅-u u u v u u u v u u u v u u u v u u u v u u u v v v v v()222216,122b a b a =-=-=v v v v ,又2,||4a b =∴=v Q v,即4AC =,故答案为4.【题干序号】13展开式为ad bc -的行列式是( ) A .a b d cB .a cb dC .a db cD .b a d c【答案序号】【来源】上海市崇明区2018届高三第一次高考模拟考试数学试题 【答案】B 【解析】a b ac bd d c=-,错误;a c ad bcb d=-,正确;a d ac bdb c=-,错误;b a bc ad d c=-,错误, 故选B.【题干序号】14设,a b ∈R ,若a b >,则( ) A .11a b< B .lg lg a b > C .sin sin a b >D .22a b >【答案序号】【来源】上海市崇明区2018届高三第一次高考模拟考试数学试题 【答案】D【解析】,,a b R a b ∈>,当0,0a b ><时,A 不成立,根据对数函数的定义,可知真数必需大于零,故B 不成立,由于正弦函数具有周期性和再某个区间上为单调函数,故不能比较,故C 不成立, 根据指数函数的单调性可知,D 正确,故选D.【题干序号】15已知等差数列{}n a 的公差为d,前n 项和为n S ,则“d>0”是465"+2"S S S >的 A .充分不必要条件 B .必要不充分条件 C .充分必要条件 D .既不充分也不必要条件【答案序号】【来源】上海市崇明区2018届高三第一次高考模拟考试数学试题 【答案】C【解析】由46511210212(510)S S S a d a d d +-=+-+=,可知当0d >时,有46520S S S +->,即4652S S S +>,反之,若4652S S S +>,则0d >,所以“d >0”是“S 4 + S 6>2S 5”的充要条件,选C .【题干序号】16直线2x =与双曲线2214x y -=的渐近线交于,A B 两点,设P 为双曲线上任一点,若(,,0OP aOA bOB a b R =+∈u u u v u u u v u u u v为坐标原点),则下列不等式恒成立的是( )A .221a b +≥B .1ab ≥C .1a b +≥D .2a b -≥【答案序号】【来源】上海市崇明区2018届高三第一次高考模拟考试数学试题 【答案】C【解析】由题意,双曲线渐近线方程为2xy =±,联立直线2x =,解得1,y =±∴不妨设()()()2,1,2,1,,A B P x y -,OP aOA bOB =+u u u v u u u v Q u u u v,22,x a b y a b ∴=+=-,P Q 为双曲线C 上的任意一点,()()222214a b a b +∴--=,141,4ab ab ∴==,()222241a b a b ab ab ∴+=++≥=a b (= 时等号成立),可得1a b +≥,故选C.【题干序号】17如图,长方体1111ABCD A B C D -中,12,AB BC AC ==与底面ABCD 所成的角为60o .(1)求四棱锥1A ABCD -的体积;(2)求异面直线1A B 与 11B D 所成角的大小.【答案序号】【来源】上海市崇明区2018届高三第一次高考模拟考试数学试题【答案】(1)3;(2)cos14arc . 【解析】(1)∵长方体ABCD ﹣A 1B 1C 1D 1中,AB=BC=2,∴AA 1⊥平面ABCD ,AC==2, ∴∠A 1CA 是A 1C 与底面ABCD 所成的角,∵A 1C 与底面ABCD 所成的角为60°, ∴∠A 1CA=60°,∴AA 1=AC•tan60°=2√2⋅√3=2√6,∵S 正方形ABCD =AB×BC=2×2=4, ∴四棱锥A 1﹣ABCD 的体积:V =13×AA 1×S 正方形ABCD =13×2√6×4=8√63(2)∵BD ∥B 1D 1,∴∠A 1BD 是异面直线A 1B 与B 1D 1所成角(或所成角的补角).∵BD =√4+4=2√2,A 1D =A 1B =√22+(2√6)2=2√7∴cos∠A 1BD =A 1B 2+BD 2−A 1D 22×A 1B ×BD =2×2√7×2√2=√1414 ∴∠A 1BD =arccos √1414∴异面直线A 1B 与B 1D 1所成角是arccos √1414.【题干序号】18已知()2cos 2cos 1f x x x x =+-.(1)求()f x 的最大值及该函数取得最大值时x 的值;(2)在ABC ∆中,,,a b c 分别是角 ,,A B C 所对的边,若a b ==,且2A f ⎛⎫= ⎪⎝⎭,求边c 的值.【答案序号】【来源】上海市崇明区2018届高三第一次高考模拟考试数学试题 【答案】(1)6x k ππ=+,2;(2)2.【解析】2()cos 2cos 12cos 22sin(2)6f x x x x x x x π=+-=+=+(1)当2262x k πππ+=+时,即()6x k k Z ππ=+∈,()f x 取得最大值为2;(2)由()2Af =,即2sin()6A π+=可得sin()6A π+=∵0<A <π7666A πππ∴<+<2633A πππ∴+=或62A ππ∴=或当A π=时,222cos 2c b a A bc +-==a b ==Q 解得:c=4 当A π=时,222cos 02c b a A bc +-==a b ==Q 解得:c=2.【题干序号】192016 年崇明区政府投资8千万元启动休闲体育新乡村旅游项目.规划从2017年起,在今后的若干年内,每年继续投资2千万元用于此项目.2016 年该项目的净收入为5百万元,并预测在相当长的年份里,每年的净收入均为上一年的基础上增长0050.记 2016 年为第1年,()f n 为第1年至此后第()n n N *∈年的累计利润(注:含第n 年,累计利润=累计净收入﹣累计投入,单位:千万元),且当()f n 为正值时,认为该项目赢利.(1)试求()f n 的表达式;(2)根据预测,该项目将从哪一年开始并持续赢利?请说明理由.【答案序号】【来源】上海市崇明区2018届高三第一次高考模拟考试数学试题【答案】(1)3272nn ⎛⎫-- ⎪⎝⎭;(2)2023.【解析】(1)由题意知,第1年至此后第n (n ∈N ∗)年的累计投入为8+2(n ﹣1)=2n +6(千万元),第1年至此后第n (n ∈N *)年的累计净收入为1211131313()()()2222222n -+⨯+⨯+⋯+⨯ 131()322()13212n n ⎡⎤-⎢⎥⎣⎦==--(千万元). 33()()1(26)()27()22n n f n n n ∴=--+=--千万元(2)方法一:13313(1)()()2(1)7()24 27()22 2n n n f n f n n n +⎥⎡⎤+-=-+--⎦⎡⎤--=⎢⎣⎡⎤-⎢⎥⎦⎥⎢⎣⎣⎦Q∴当3n ≤时,(1)()0f n f n +-<,故当4n ≤时,()f n 递减; 当4n ≥时,(1)()0f n f n +->,故当4n ≥时,()f n 递增. 又71532733(1)0,(7)()2152102288f f =-<=-≈⨯-=-< 83(8)()232523202f =-≈-=>∴该项目将从第8年开始并持续赢利. 答:该项目将从2023年开始并持续赢利;【题干序号】20在平面直角坐标系中,已知椭圆()222:10,1x C y a a a+=>≠的两个焦点分别是12,F F ,直线():,l y kx m k m R =+∈与椭圆交于,A B 两点.(1)若M 为椭圆短轴上的一个顶点,且12MF F ∆是直角三角形,求a 的值; (2)若1k =,且OAB ∆是以O 为直角顶点的直角三角形,求a 与m 满足的关系; (3)若2a =,且14OA OB k k ⋅=-,求证:OAB ∆的面积为定值.【答案序号】【来源】上海市崇明区2018届高三第一次高考模拟考试数学试题 【答案】或2;(2)()221m a +=22a ;(3)证明见解析. 【解析】(1)∵M 为椭圆短轴上的一个顶点,且△MF 1F 2是直角三角形, ∴△MF 1F 2为等腰直角三角形, ∴OF 1=OM ,当a >11=,解得a =当0<a <1a =,解得2a =, (2)当1k =时,y x m =+,设11(,)A x y 22(,)B x y ,由2221y k m x y a ⎧⎪=+⎪⎪⎨⎪⎪+=⎪⎩,即222222(1)20a x a mx a m a +++-=, ∴2221212222,11a m a m a x x x x a a-+=-=++,222121212122()()()1m a y y x m x m x x m x x m a -∴=++=+++=+,∵△OAB 是以O 为直角顶点的直角三角形, 12120,0,OA OB x x y y ∴⋅=∴+=u u u r u u u r2222220,11a m a m a a a--∴+=++ 222222220(1)2a m a m a m a a ∴-+-=∴+=(3)证明:当a =2时,2244x y +=, 设11(,)A x y 22(,)B x y ,14koA kOB ⋅=-Q ,121214y y x x ∴⋅=-, 12124x x y y ∴=-,由2244x y y kx m ⎧+=⎪⎨⎪=+⎩,整理得222(14)8440k x kmx m +++-= 2121222844,1414km m x x x x k k --∴+==++,22212212()()()yy kx m kx m k Xx km x x m ∴=++=+++ 222222222224484141414m k k k m m k m k k k ---=++=+++, 2222244441414m m k k k --∴=-⨯++, 22241m k ∴-=,∴||AB ====∵O 到直线y =kx +m的距离d ==222112|| 1.221414OABm S AB d k k ∆∴=====++【题干序号】21若存在常数()0k k >,使得对定义域D 内的任意()1212,x x x x ≠,都有()()1212f x f x k x x -≤-成立,则称函数()f x 在其定义域D 上是“k -利普希兹条件函数”. (1)若函数()()14f x x =≤≤是“k -利普希兹条件函数”,求常数k 的最小值;(2)判断函数()2log f x x =是否是“2-利普希兹条件函数”,若是,请证明,若不是,请说明理由;(3)若()()y f x x R =∈是周期为2的“1-利普希兹条件函数”,证明:对任意的实数12,x x ,都有()()121f x f x -≤.【答案序号】【来源】上海市崇明区2018届高三第一次高考模拟考试数学试题 【答案】(1)12;(2)不是,理由见解析;(3)证明见解析. 【解析】(1)若函数f(x)=√x (1≤x ≤4)是“k ﹣利普希兹条件函数”,则对于定义域[1,4]上任意两个x 1,x 2(x 1,≠),均有|f (x 1)﹣f (x 2)|≤k|x 1−x 2|成立, 不妨设x>x ,则12k=211114,,42x x <∴<<Q 剟∴k 的最小值为12.(2)2()log f x x =的定义域为(0,+∞),令1211,24x x ==,则221111()()log log 1(2)12424f f -=-=---=, 而12121212||,()()2||,2x x f x f x x x -=∴->- ∴函数2()log f x x =不是“2﹣利普希兹条件函数”.(3)设f(x)的最大值为M ,最小值为m ,在一个周期[0,2]内(),()f a M f b m ==,则|12()()()()||f x f x M m f a f b a b -≤-=-≤-.若||1a b -„,显然有12|()()||| 1.f x f x a b --剟.若||1a b ->,不妨设,021a b b a ><+-<,12|()()|()(2)|2| 1.f x f x M m f a f b a b ∴--=-+--<剟综上,12|()()|1f x f x -„.。
上海市崇明区2018届高三第一次高考模拟考试数学试卷及解析
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上海市崇明区2018届高三第一次高考模拟考试数学试卷注意事项:1.答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息 2.请将答案正确填写在答题卡上第I 卷(选择题)一、选择题1.展开式为的行列式是( ) A. |a bd cB. |a cb dC. |a db cD. |b ad c2.设,a b R ∈,若a b >,则( ) A.11a b< B. lg lg a b > C. sin sin a b > D. 22a b > 3.已知等差数列{}n a 的公差为d ,前n 项和为n S ,则“0d >”是“4652S S S +>”的( ) A. 充分不必要条件 B. 必要不充分条件 C. 充分必要条件 D. 既不充分也不必要条件4.直线2x =与双曲线2214x y -=的渐近线交于,A B 两点,设P 为双曲线上任一点,若(,,0OP aOA bOB a b R =+∈为坐标原点),则下列不等式恒成立的是( )A. 221a b +≥B. 1ab ≥C. 1a b +≥D. 2a b -≥第II 卷(非选择题)请点击修改第II 卷的文字说明二、填空题(题型注释)5.已知集合{}{}1,2,52,A B a ==,若{}1,2,3,5A B ⋃=,则a =_____.6.抛物线24y x =的焦点坐标为________. 7.不等式01xx <+的解是_____. 8.已知复数z 满足z ⋅i=1+i (i 是虚数单位),则z = .9.在代数式721x x ⎛⎫- ⎪⎝⎭的展开式中,一次项的系数是_____.(用数字作答)10.若函数()2103y sin x πωω⎛⎫=-+> ⎪⎝⎭的最小正周期是π,则ω=_____.答案第2页,总12页…装…………○………不※※要※※在※※装※※订※※线※…装…………○………11.若函数()af x x =的反函数的图象经过点11,24⎛⎫⎪⎝⎭,则a =_____. 12.将一个正方形绕着它的一边所在的直线旋转一周,所得几何体的体积为327cm π,则该几何体的侧面积为_____2cm .13.已知函数()y f x =是奇函数,当0x <时, ()2xf x ax =-,且()22f =,则a =_____.14.若无穷等比数列{}n a 的各项和为n S ,首项11a = ,公比为32a -,且lim n x S a →∞= ,则a =_____.15.从5男3女共8名学生中选出队长1人,副队长1人,普通队员2人组成 4人志愿者服务队,要求服务队中至少有 1 名女生,共有_____种不同的选法.(用数字作答)16.在ABC 中, BC 边上的中垂线分别交,BC AC 于点,D E .若6,2AE BC AB ⋅==,则AC =_____.三、解答题(题型注释)17.如图,长方体1111ABCD A B C D -中, 12,AB BC AC ==与底面ABCD 所成的角为60.(1)求四棱锥1A ABCD -的体积;(2)求异面直线1A B 与 11B D 所成角的大小. 18.已知()2cos 2cos 1f x x x x =+-.(1)求()f x 的最大值及该函数取得最大值时x 的值; (2)在ABC ∆中, ,,a b c 分别是角 ,,A B C 所对的边,若a b ==,且2A f ⎛⎫= ⎪⎝⎭c 的值.19.2016 年崇明区政府投资 8 千万元启动休闲体育新乡村旅游项目.规划从 2017 年起,在今后的若干年内,每年继续投资 2 千万元用于此项目.2016 年该项目的净收入为 5 百万元,并预测在相当长的年份里,每年的净收入均为上一年的基础上增长0500.记 2016 年为第 1 年, ()f n 为第 1 年至此后第 ()*n n N ∈年的累计利润(注:含第 n 年,累计利润=累计净收入﹣累计投入,单位:千万元),且当 ()f n 为正值时,认为该项目赢利. (1)试求 ()f n 的表达式;(2)根据预测,该项目将从哪一年开始并持续赢利?请说明理由.20.在平面直角坐标系中,已知椭圆()222:10,1x C y a a a+=>≠的两个焦点分别是12,F F ,直线():,l y kx m k m R =+∈与椭圆交于,A B 两点.(1)若M 为椭圆短轴上的一个顶点,且12MF F ∆是直角三角形,求a 的值; (2)若1k =,且OAB ∆是以O 为直角顶点的直角三角形,求a 与m 满足的关系; (3)若2a =,且14OA OB k k ⋅=-,求证: OAB ∆的面积为定值. 21.若存在常数()0k k >,使得对定义域D 内的任意()1212,x x x x ≠,都有()()1212f x f x k x x -≤-成立,则称函数()f x 在其定义域 D 上是“k -利普希兹条件函数”. (1)若函数()()14f x x =≤≤是“k -利普希兹条件函数”,求常数k 的最小值;(2)判断函数()2log f x x =是否是“2-利普希兹条件函数”,若是,请证明,若不是,请说明理由; (3)若()()y f x x R =∈是周期为2的“1-利普希兹条件函数”,证明:对任意的实数12,x x ,都有()()121f x f x -≤.答案第4页,总12页参数答案1.B【解析】1.|a bac bd d c =-,错误; | a c ad bc b d =-,正确; | a d ac bd b c =-,错误; | b abc ad d c=-,错误, 故选B.2.D【解析】2.,,a b R a b ∈>,当0,0a b ><时, A 不成立,根据对数函数的定义,可知真数必需大于零,故B 不成立,由于正弦函数具有周期性和再某个区间上为单调函数,故不能比较,故C 不成立, 根据指数函数的单调性可知, D 正确,故选D. 3.C【解析】3.()4651112,466152510S S S a d a d a d +>∴+++>+, 2120,0d d d ∴>∴>,充分性成立,若“0d >”则4654620,2S S S d S S S +-=>+>,必要性成立,所以“0d >”是“4652S S S +>”的充分必要条件,故选C. 4.C【解析】4.由题意,双曲线渐近线方程为2xy =±,联立直线2x =,解得1,y =±∴不妨设()()()2,1,2,1,,A B P x y -, OP aOA bOB =+, 22,x a b y a b ∴=+=-, P 为双曲线C 上的任意一点, ()()222214a b a b +∴--=, 141,4ab ab ∴==, ()222241a b a b ab ab ∴+=++≥= a b =( 时等号成立),可得1a b +≥,故选C. 【 方法点睛】本题主要考查双曲线的的渐近线、向量相等的应用以及平面向量的坐标运算、不等式的性质,属于难题.向量的运算有两种方法,一是几何运算,往往结合平面几何知识和三角函数知识解答,运算法则是:(1)平行四边形法则(平行四边形的对角线分别是两向量的和与差);(2)三角形法则(两箭头间向量是差,箭头与箭尾间向量是和);二是坐标运算:建立坐标系转化为解析几何问题解答,解答本题的关键是根据坐标运算. 5.3【解析】5.因为集合{}{}1,2,52,A B a ==,,且{}1,2,3,5A B ⋃=,所以3a =,故答案为3. 6.()1,0【解析】6.抛物线24y x =的焦点在x 轴上,且2,12p p =∴=,所以抛物线24y x =的焦点坐标为()1,0,故答案为()1,0. 7.()1,0-【解析】7.由01x x <+可得, 10x -<< ,所以不等式01x x <+的解是()1,0-,故答案为()1,0-. 8.1−i【解析】8.试题分析:因为z ⋅i =1+i ,所以z =1+i i=−i +1.本题也可设z =a +bi(a,b ∈R),因为ai −b =1+i,由复数相等得:a =1,b =−1,z =1−i.9.21【解析】9.721x x ⎛⎫- ⎪⎝⎭展开式的通项为()773177211rr r r rr r T C x C x x --+⎛⎫=-=- ⎪⎝⎭,令731r -=,得2r =,()227121C -=,故答案为21.【方法点晴】本题主要考查二项展开式定理的通项与系数,属于简单题. 二项展开式定理的问题也是高考命题热点之一,关于二项式定理的命题方向比较明确,主要从以下几个方面命题:(1)考查二项展开式的通项公式1r n r r r n T C a b -+=;(可以考查某一项,也可考查某一项的系数)(2)考查各项系数和和各项的二项式系数和;(3)二项展开式定理的应用. 10.2【解析】10.因为函数()203y sin x πωω⎛⎫=+> ⎪⎝⎭的最小正周期是π,所以2ππω=,解得2ω=,故答案为2. 11.12【解析】11.函数()af x x =的反函数的图象经过点11,24⎛⎫⎪⎝⎭,所以,函数()af x x =的图象经过点11,42⎛⎫ ⎪⎝⎭, 1142a =(), 12a =,故答案为12. 12.18π【解析】12.将一个正方形绕着它的一边所在的直线旋转一周,所得圆柱的体积为327cm π,设正方体的边长为cm a ,则227V a a ππ=⋅=,解得3cm,a =∴该圆柱的侧面积为223318cm S ππ=⨯⨯=,故答案第6页,总12页※※…○…答案为18π. 13.98-【解析】13.()y f x =是奇函数,且当0x<时,()2x f x ax =-,()()()222222f f a -∴=--=-+=,解得98a =-,故答案为98-.14.2【解析】14.无穷等比数列{}n a 的前n 项和为n S ,首项为11a =,公比32a -,且()*lim n n S a n N →∞=∈,21,2520312a a a a ∴=∴-+=-+, 2a ∴=或12a =, 3122a ∴-=或312a -=-, 31,22a a -<∴=,故答案为2. 15.780【解析】15.第一类,先选1女3男,有315330C C =种,这4人选2人作为队长和副队有2412A =种,故有3012360⨯= 种;第二类,先选2女2男,有225330C C =种,这4人选2人作为队长和副队有2412A =种,故有3012360⨯=种;第三类,先选3女1男,有13535C C =种,这4人选2人作为队长和副队有2412A =种,故有51260⨯=种,根据分类计数原理共有360360+60780+=种,故答案为780.16.4 【解析】16.设,AB a AC b==,则()()1,,02AD a b BC b a DE BC =+=-⋅=, ()AE BC AD DE BC ⋅=+⋅()()12AD BC DE BC AD BC a b b a =⋅+⋅=⋅=+-()222216,122b a b a =-=-=,又2,4a b =∴=,即4AC =,故答案为4.17.(1) 863;(2)14cos 14arc .【解析】17.试题分析:(1)先证明1A CA ∠是1A C 与底面ABCD 所成的角,可得1tan6022AA AC =⋅==利用棱锥的体积公式可得结果;(2)由11//BD B D ,可得1A BD ∠………○…………装………○…………订…………○………线………学校:___________姓名:_______班级:___________考号:___________………○…………装………○…………订…………○………线………是异面直线1A B 与11B D 所成角(或所成角的补角),利用余弦定理可得结果. 试题解析:(1)∵长方体ABCD ﹣A 1B 1C 1D 1中,AB=BC=2, ∵AA 1∵平面ABCD ,AC==2,∵∵A 1CA 是A 1C 与底面ABCD 所成的角, ∵A 1C 与底面ABCD 所成的角为60°, ∵∵A 1CA=60°,∵AA 1=AC•tan60°=2•=2,∵S 正方形ABCD =AB×BC=2×2=4, ∵四棱锥A 1﹣ABCD 的体积:V===.(2)∵BD∵B 1D 1,∵∵A 1BD 是异面直线A 1B 与B 1D 1所成角(或所成角的补角). ∵BD=,A 1D=A 1B==2,∵cos∵A 1BD===.∵∵A 1BD=arccos .∵异面直线A 1B 与 B 1D 1所成角是arccos .【方法点晴】本题主要考查异面直线所成的角立及棱锥的体积公式,属于中档题.求异面直线所成的角主要方法有两种:一是向量法,根据几何体的特殊性质建立空间直角坐标系后,分别求出两直线的方向向量,再利用空间向量夹角的余弦公式求解;二是传统法,利用平行四边形、三角形中位线等方法找出两直线成的角,再利用平面几何性质求解. 18.(1) 6x k ππ=+, 2;(2)2.【解析】18.试题分析:(1)跟据二倍角的正弦、余弦公式以及两角和的正弦公式可得答案第8页,总12页…○…………装…………○…………订…………○…………※※请※※不※※要※※在※※装※※订※※线※※内※※答※※题※※…○…………装…………○…………订…………○…………()226f x sin x π⎛⎫=+ ⎪⎝⎭,根据正弦函数的图象与性质可得结果;(2)由2A f ⎛⎫= ⎪⎝⎭,得26sin A π⎛⎫+= ⎪⎝⎭6A π=或2π,讨论两种情况分别利用余弦定理可求出边的值.试题解析:f (x )=2sinxcosx+2cos 2x ﹣1=sin2x+cos2x=2sin (2x+)(1)当2x+=时,即x=(k∵Z ),f (x )取得最大值为2; (2)由f ()=,即2sin (A+)=可得sin (A+)=∵0<A <π ∵<A < ∵A =或∵A=或当A=时,cosA==∵a=,b=,解得:c=4当A=时,cosA==0∵a=,b=,解得:c=2.19.(1) 3272nn ⎛⎫-- ⎪⎝⎭;(2)2023.【解析】19.试题分析:(1)由题意知,第一年至此后第()*n n N ∈年的累计投入为()821n +-(千万元),第1年至此后第()*n n N ∈年的累计净收入为1211131313...2222222n -⎛⎫⎛⎫⎛⎫+⨯+++ ⎪ ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭⎝⎭,利用等比数…装………○………订………○…………线…____姓名_________班级:_______考号__________…装………○………订………○…………线…列数列的求和公式可得()f n;(2)由()()131422nf n f n⎡⎤⎛⎫+-=-⎢⎥⎪⎝⎭⎢⎥⎣⎦,利用指数函数的单调性即可得出.试题解析:(1)由题意知,第1年至此后第n(n∵N*)年的累计投入为8+2(n﹣1)=2n+6(千万元),第1年至此后第n(n∵N*)年的累计净收入为+×+×+…+×=(千万元).∵f(n)=﹣(2n+6)=﹣2n﹣7(千万元).(2)方法一:∵f(n+1)﹣f(n)=[﹣2(n+1)﹣7]﹣[﹣2n﹣7]=[﹣4],∵当n≤3时,f(n+1)﹣f(n)<0,故当n≤4时,f(n)递减;当n≥4时,f(n+1)﹣f(n)>0,故当n≥4时,f(n)递增.又f(1)=﹣<0,f(7)=≈5×﹣21=﹣<0,f(8)=﹣23≈25﹣23=2>0.∵该项目将从第8年开始并持续赢利.答:该项目将从2023年开始并持续赢利;方法二:设f(x)=﹣2x﹣7(x≥1),则f′(x)=,令f'(x)=0,得=≈=5,∵x≈4.从而当x∵[1,4)时,f'(x)<0,f(x)递减;当x∵(4,+∞)时,f'(x)>0,f(x)递增.又f(1)=﹣<0,f(7)=≈5×﹣21=﹣<0,f(8)=﹣23≈25﹣23=2>0.∵该项目将从第8年开始并持续赢利.答:该项目将从2023年开始并持续赢利.20.(1)或2;(2)()221m a+=22a;(3)证明见解析.【解析】20.试题分析:(1)根据12MF F∆为等腰直角三角形,可得1OF OM=,两种情况讨论,可得a(2)当1k=时,y x m=+,设()()1122,,,A x yB x y,由222{1y k mxya=++=,即()222222120a x a mx a m a+++-=,由韦达定理及平面向量数量积公式可得结果;答案第10页,总12页…○…………外…………○…装…………○…………订…………○…………线※不※※要※※在※※装※※订※※线※※内※※答※※题※※…○…………内…………○…装…………○…………订…………○…………线(3)由14OA OB k k ⋅=-可得12124x x y y =-,结合韦达定理可得22241m k -=,根据以上结论,利用三角形面积公式化简即可得结论. 试题解析:(1)∵M 为椭圆短轴上的一个顶点,且∵MF 1F 2是直角三角形, ∵∵MF 1F 2为等腰直角三角形, ∵OF 1=OM , 当a >1时,=1,解得a=,当0<a <1时,=a ,解得a=,(2)当k=1时,y=x+m ,设A (x 1,y 1),(x 2,y 2),由,即(1+a 2)x 2+2a 2mx+a 2m 2﹣a 2=0,∵x 1+x 2=﹣,x 1x 2=,∵y 1y 2=(x 1+m )(x 2+m )=x 1x 2+m (x 1+x 2)+m 2=,∵∵OAB 是以O 为直角顶点的直角三角形, ∵•=0,∵x 1x 2+y 1y 2=0,∵+=0,∵a 2m 2﹣a 2+m 2﹣a 2=0 ∵m 2(a 2+1)=2a 2,(3)证明:当a=2时,x 2+4y 2=4, 设A (x 1,y 1),(x 2,y 2), ∵k OA •k OB =﹣,∵•=﹣,∵x 1x 2=﹣4y 1y 2,由,整理得,(1+4k 2)x 2+8kmx+4m 2﹣4=0.∵x 1+x 2=,x 1x 2=,第11页,总12页○…………外……………订…………○…………线…………○________考号:___________○…………内……………订…………○…………线…………○∵y 1y 2=(kx 1+m )(kx 2+m )=k 2x 1x 2+km (x 1+x 2)+m 2=++m 2=,∵=﹣4×,∵2m 2﹣4k 2=1,∵|AB|=•=•=2•=∵O 到直线y=kx+m 的距离d==,∵S △OAB =|AB|d==•==1.21.(1) 12;(2)不是,理由见解析;(3)证明见解析.【解析】21.试题分析:(1)不妨设12x x >,则12k ≥=恒成立.211114,42x x ≤≤≤∴<<,从而可得结果;(2)令1211,24x x ==,则()221111log log 1212424f f ⎛⎫⎛⎫-=-=---= ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭,从而可得函数()2log f x x =不是“2-利普希兹条件函数”; (3)设()f x 的最大值为M ,最小值为m ,在一个周期[]0,2,内()(),f a M f b m ==,利用基本不等式的性质可证明()()()()12221f x f x M m f a f b a b -≤-=-+≤--<. 试题解析:(1)若函数f (x )=,(1≤x≤4)是“k﹣利普希兹条件函数”,则对于定义域[1,4]上任意两个x 1,x 2(x 1≠x 2),均有|f (x 1)﹣f (x 2)|≤k|x 1﹣x 2|成立,不妨设x 1>x 2,则k≥=恒成立.∵1≤x 2<x 1≤4,∵<<,答案第12页,总12页…线…………○…线…………○∵k 的最小值为 .(2)f (x )=log 2x 的定义域为(0,+∞),令x 1=,x 2=,则f ()﹣f ()=log 2﹣log 2=﹣1﹣(﹣2)=1,而2|x 1﹣x 2|=,∵f (x 1)﹣f (x 2)>2|x 1﹣x 2|,∵函数f (x )=log 2x 不是“2﹣利普希兹条件函数”.(3)设f (x )的最大值为M ,最小值为m ,在一个周期[0,2]内f (a )=M ,f (b )=m , 则|f (x 1)﹣f (x 2)|≤M ﹣m=f (a )﹣f (b )≤|a ﹣b|. 若|a ﹣b|≤1,显然有|f (x 1)﹣f (x 2)|≤|a ﹣b|≤1. 若|a ﹣b|>1,不妨设a >b ,则0<b+2﹣a <1,∵|f (x 1)﹣f (x 2)|≤M ﹣m=f (a )﹣f (b+2)≤|a ﹣b ﹣2|<1. 综上,|f (x 1)﹣f (x 2)|≤1.。
2018年上海市崇明区高考语文一模试卷-教师用卷
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2018年上海市崇明区高考语文一模试卷副标题一、选择题(本大题共2小题,共6.0分)1.他乡偶遇多年未见好友,以下句子最适合...表达此时情感的一项是()A. 人生若只如初见,何事秋风悲画扇B. 人生所贵在知己,四海相逢骨肉亲C. 鱼沈雁杳天涯路,始信人间别离苦D. 桃李春风一杯酒,江湖夜雨十年灯【答案】B【解析】A.人生如果都像初次相遇那般相处该多美好,那样就不会有现在的离别相思凄凉之苦了,用于表达离别之时,不符合。
B.人生最可贵的事情是能得到知己,萍水相逢也能比骨肉还亲,用于表达他乡偶遇多年未见好友的亲切之情,正确。
C.离开了好久好远什么消息都得不到了才相信人世间有一种痛苦叫别离,用于伤离别,不符合。
D.一别已是十年,常对着孤灯听着秋雨思念着你,表达对友人的思念,不符合。
故选:B。
考查表达得体,要准确理解诗句含义,结合语境准确辨析。
要广泛阅读积累,深入理解诗句含义,掌握诗句表达的思想感情。
2.填入下面语段空白处的词句,最恰当的一项是()其实每种学问都有长久的历史,_____,提出过种种不同的解答,你必须明白这些经过,才可以利用前人的收获,免得绕弯子甚至于走错路。
A. 许多人都曾经思虑过、讨论过其中每一个问题B. 其中每一个问题曾经许多人都思虑过,讨论过C. 其中每一个问题都曾经许多人思虑过,讨论过D. 许多人对其中每一个问题都曾思虑过,讨论过【答案】C【解析】文段阐明:必须明白每种学问的经过,才可以利用前人的收获。
空白处上文的陈述对象是“学问”,从保持陈述对象一致性的角度可选B项或C项,排除AD两项。
比较BC两项,“曾经许多人都”强调的是过去有“许多人”思考过,而“都曾经许多人”强调的是“问题”曾经经过许多人的思考,再联系下文的“解答”,可确定答案应为“强调‘问题’”的C项。
故选:C。
本题考查语言表达简明、连贯、得体的能力,能力层级为表达运用E。
解答时,首先通读文段,把握文意,分析语境,判断空格处内容与前后文的衔接;然后分析选项所给句子,辨明其间的逻辑关系;解答过程中还要抓住关联词等关键性词语分析判断语句的衔接。
上海崇明区2018届高三政治一模试题含答案
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上海崇明区2018届高三政治一模试题(含答案)崇明区2018届等级考第一次模拟考试试卷思想政治考生注意:1.试卷满分100分,考试时间60分钟。
2.本考试分设试卷和答题纸。
试卷包括三部分,第一部分为选择题,第二部分为材料分析题,第三部分为论述题。
3.答题前,务必在答题纸上填写学校、班级、姓名、准考证号。
作答必须涂或写在答题纸上,在试卷上作答一律不得分。
第一部分的作答必须涂在答题纸上相应的区域,第二、三部分的作答必须写在答题纸上与试卷题号对应的位置。
一、单项选择题(共60分,每题3分)第1-16题,每小题只能选一个答案,选出正确答案得3分,错选得0分。
1.十二届全国人大常委会第三十次会议经表决,通过了新修订的反不正当竞争法、新修订的标准化法等十一部法律的决定。
这是全国人大常委会依法行使A.决定权B.立法权C.监督权2.2017年是中国人民解放军建军90周年。
要实现中华民族的伟大复兴,实现中国人民更加美好生活,必须坚定不移地走中国特色强军之路。
走中国特色强军之路首先要坚持A.党对军队的绝对领导B.依法治军、从严治军C.科技强军,提高战斗力3.执法必严是我国社会主义法制权威的体现。
下列体现执法必严的是A.海南省确定水污染物税额标准B.公安部严打粤港边界偷渡活动C.杨秀珠贪污、受贿案获刑八年4.“知屋漏者在宇下,知政失者在草野。
”从民主监督的角度来看,这主要强调的是A.人大代表的监督B.人民政协的监督C.广大公民的监督5.2017年是香港特别行政区回归祖国20周年,也迎来了第五任行政长官林郑月娥的就职。
香港任何一任行政长官的上任都需要经过中央政府的任命,这是因为A.我国是统一的多民族国家B.香港属于我国地方行政区域C.国家主体实行社会主义制度6.某市创新公共安全治理方式,探索出“互联网+群众力量”的公共治理模式,从政府的“我要管”转变为全民的“我们治”,群众被纳入到整个社会治理体系之中,实现了群众和政府治理的有效对接。
上海市崇明区高三第一次模拟考试英语试题Word版含答案
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崇明区2018届第一次高考模拟考试试卷, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken on questions on each of them. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions wiB. A successful test of self-driving cars.D. The 3D map used in self-driving cars.B. The laser device.C. The built-in GPS.D. The sensors and radar.B. It was the first test of self-driving cars.D. Drivers are still needed in self-driving cars.t. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for g months of excitement for her audience.drew nearly five million viewers a day at its peak. Some viewers kept checking back, even after ta newly-born giraffe was lying on the floor, (25)_____ (look) around confusedly. The calf (幼崽) tri , the owner of Animal Adventure Park.for the area. Harpursville was once a manufacturing base, but it has struggled financially in recen ecently arrived at the animal park after hours of driving, only (30)_____ (find) it closed for the winre is one word more than you need.h blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.y out of the sun. A study of hundreds of women has revealed that those who avoided the sun’s rays l cising regularly, failed to 41 the hands of time. Only keeping out of the sun, and wearing sunsc they were sun-lovers. When researchers from Massachusetts General Hospital in the US – commissioned wo decades younger than they really were.r to stay healthy is actually a myth (谬见), and the body is ‘pretty good’ at judging how much we g water for the sake of drinking water really has no effect on improving the appearance of skin.’ Iense exposure. Finally, DNA examination of tiny samples of the women’s skin helped understand the older. Dr Kimball said CDKN2A activity is a 53 that a cell is ‘tired out’ and urged women sho his research gives us a detailed picture of the effect of sun exposure on skin ageing and illustrate. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best accordare examples of the evolution of animation, which has brought unique new life to the film industry. ) animation, where the characters are represented only as black silhouettes.It was the first animated film to be accompanied by sound, and its main star, Mickey Mouse, became oat time to make an animated film elevated this film technique to the level of a serious art form.n the United States since 1908. But this form of animation only won wide popular appeal in 1955 with1960s, CGI animation began to develop rapidly in the mid-1990s. Toy Story, released in 1995 and crea Shrek returned in 2004 with his talking donkey, his princess bride Fiona and an army of fairy-tale et the terrifyingly real dinosaurs thundering through Steven Spielberg’s Jurassic Park movies and thlf-control and how to get along with others might help to keep at-risk kids out of criminal trouble re identified by their teachers and parents to be at high risk for developing aggressive behavioral urriculum, parent training groups, academic tutoring and lessons in self-control and social skills. Tarly 900 students, the researchers found that about a third of the impact on future crime outcomes w soft skills, which are associated with emotional intelligence.d in our system of socializing children,” says Kenneth Dodge, a professor at Duke who was a principae researchers’ findings seem to match what he’s seen among the general public in working with childsomeone else’s feelings,” says Bernstein, who serves on the advisory board for the Partnership forys that collectively getting a school system, teachers, parents and students all motivated enough tobe used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.ge gap is drawing growing attention as confusing English number words have been linked in several st and Li Yeping, an expert on Chinese math education at Texas A&M University.a unique word for the number, while Chinese (as well as Japanese and Korean, among other languages)e ones and “teens”, making it easy for children to confuse, say, 17 with 71. As a result, children raction strategy. When adding two numbers, students break down the numbers into parts and regroup th o add and subtract.come less confusing and difficult to you!60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.ho suffered severe burns when caught in a bush fire during a marathon six years ago, successfully ch but she proved them wrong.unced: “Turia Pitt, you are an ironman!” On social media, people around the world applauded her de covery with others to help raise awareness about the importance of organ donation, which she believe e it with donated skin that could fight infection. None could be found in Australia and doctors were est of my abilities because I never wanted those donors, wherever they are, to think I was ungratefu to stand, walk and even talk all over again. And because of her burns, she also has trouble sweatin e without the donated skin, highlighting the importance of organ donation.nison Public School进行为期两周的交流学习,但具体的交流内容还在研讨之中。
崇明高三语文一模试题和答案
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2018届崇明县高三一模语文一、积累应用(10分)1.按要求填空。
(5分)(1)________________________.双照泪痕干。
(杜甫《月夜》)(2)不应有恨.________________________?(苏轼《》)(3)王夫之《姜寨诗话》说:“以乐景写哀.以哀景写乐.一倍增其哀乐”《诗经.采薇》中“以哀景写乐”的两句是“________________________. ”。
(元·马致远《寿阳曲·远浦帆归》)2.按要求选择(5分)(1)他乡偶遇多年未见好友.以下句子最适合表达此时情感的一项是()(2分)A.人生若只如初见.何事秋风悲画扇。
B.人生所贵在知己.四海相逢骨肉亲。
C.鱼沈雁杳天涯路.始信人间别离苦。
D.桃李春风一杯酒.江湖夜雨十年灯。
(2)填入下面语段空白处的词句.最恰当的—项是(. )(3分)其实每种学问都有长久的历史. .提出过种种不同的解答.你必须明白这些经过.才可以利用前人的收获.免得绕弯子甚至于走错路。
A.许多人都曾经思虑过、讨论过其中每一个问题B.其中每一个问题曾经许多人都思虑过.讨论过C.其中每一个问题都曾经许多人思虑过.讨论过D.许多人对其中每一个问题都曾思虑过.讨论过二、阅读(70分)(一)阅读下文.完成3-7题。
(16分)文学社会学的“摆渡”罗时进①中国古代诗文.从先秦到唐宋是各种文体的萌生、成长、形成阶段;明清诗文自然也有成长.甚至出现显性的发展.但这种发展是与回溯、总结相伴的。
也正因为如此.诗文二体迄于唐宋.内部结构方面的问题很多.而至明清则外部关系问题更加突出。
虽然.几乎所有称之为“外部关系”方面的问题在唐宋乃至先唐时代都有.但显然不如明清时代那样全面集中、高度呈现.这不免使人好奇。
而正如文学内部结构具有相关性一样.外部关系问题之丛生往往表现为两种形态:一是链式的.一是树形的。
前者是问题套连着问题.后者是主要问题旁生出诸多问题。
2018届上海市崇明县高三上学期第一次高考模拟考试(一模)生物试题及答案 精品推荐
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崇明县2018年第一次高考模拟考试试卷生命科学本试卷分为第I卷(第1-5页)和第II卷(第5-12页)两部分,全卷共12页。
满分150分。
考试时间为120分钟。
请将答案填写在答题纸上。
第I卷一、单选题(共60分,每小题只有一个正确选项,每题2分)1、维持高等动物第二性征的物质属于………………………………………………………()A.核酸B.脂质C.糖类D.蛋白质2、体内严重缺乏哪种无机离子的患者可能会出现乳酸中毒………………………………()A.2Mg+B.2Ca+C.2Fe+D.2Zn+ 3、下列有关酶的叙述错误的是………………………………………………………………()A .酶的基本单位可以是核糖核苷酸B .产生胰岛素的细胞也能产生呼吸酶C .低温能使酶的催化效率失去D .酶的专一性由自身的分子结构决定4、如图是某三肽化合物的分子结构示意图,下列有关叙述正确的是 ……………………( )A .①可能是“-NH 2”或“-COOH ”B .该化合物的双缩脲反应与结构③有关C .该化合物在核仁中形成时有水产生D .结构②的数目决定该化合物种类5、某亲本DNA 分子双链均以黑色表示,以白色表示第一次复制出的DNA 子链,以灰色表示第二次复制出的DNA 子链,该亲本双链DNA 分子连续复制两次后的产物是 …………( )A .B .C .D .6、与巨噬细胞细胞内消化过程直接有关物质的形成场所①-C -CONH -C -③-C -COOH② ② ②H HH是………………………………()A.核糖体B.线粒体C.溶酶体D.高尔基体7、颤藻与水绵的相同之处是…………………………………………………………………()①都有拟核②均能进行有氧呼吸③都有线粒体④均能进行光合作用A.②③B.②④C.①③D.①④8、下列关于腺嘌呤核糖核苷酸的描述正确的是……………………………………………()A.由腺苷、核糖和磷酸基构成B.DNA复制必须的原料C.可参与合成ATP D.合成场所在细胞核9、某豆科植物种子萌发过程中CO2释放和O2吸收速率的变化趋势如图所示。
崇明届高三英语一模答案
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崇明区2018届第一次高考模拟考试英语参考答案及评分标准I. Listening Comprehension共25分..第1至10小题;每题1分;第11至20小题;每题1.5分..1. C2. B3. B4. A5. C6. D7. A8. D9. D10. A11. B12. A13. C14. D15. C16. B17. D18. B19. C20. AII. Grammar and Vocabulary共20分..每小题1分..21. It 22. in/during which 23. whether/if 24. as/when/while 25. looking26. could 27. on 28. has drawn 29. that 30. to find31. E 32. C 33. D 34. B 35. J 36. G 37. A 38. K 39. F 40. HIII. Reading Comprehension共45分..第41至55小题;每题1分;第56至70小题;每题2分..41. D42. C43. A44. D45. A46. B47. B48. D49. C50. A51. B52. D53. C54. B55. C56. D57. C58. A59. C60. B61. D62. B63. B64. C65. A66. D67. C68. F69. B70. DIV. Summary Writing共10分Turia Pitt met with a fire during a marathon and got severely burnt 6 years ago. But she eventually survived and recovered with the donated skin. What inspired people more was that she finished the Kona Ironman World Championship despite all the disadvantages she had after the surgery. She is now promoting organ donation with评分标准:1. 本题总分为10分; 其中内容5分; 语言5分..2. 评分时应注意的主要方面: 内容要点、信息呈现的连贯性和准确性..3. 词数超过60;酌情扣分..各档次给分要求:内容部分:A. 能准确、全面地概括文章主旨大意;并涵盖主要信息..B. 能准确概括文章主旨大意;但遗漏个别主要信息..C. 能概括文章主旨大意;但遗漏部分主要信息..D. 未能准确概括文章主旨大意;遗漏较多主要信息或留有过多细节信息..E. 几乎不能概括文章的主旨大意;未涉及文中有意义的相关信息..F. 完全未作答或作答与本题无关..语言部分:A. 能用自己的语言连贯、正确地表述..B. 能用自己的语言较连贯、正确地表述;但有个别语言错误..C. 基本能用自己的语言连贯、正确地表述;但连贯性较差;且有少量不影响表意的语言错误..D. 基本能用自己的语言表述;但连贯性较差;且严重语言错误较多..E. 几乎不能用自己的语言连贯、正确地表述..F. 完全未作答或作答与本题无关..V. Translation共15分72. Can you feel the impact of big data on modern life 1+1+173. We can’t abandon our own unique cultural features when we learn from the West. 2+174. The amusement park completed last month is open to the public every day except on Mondays. 1+1+1+175. Nowadays; more and more people prefer to shop online; which contributes to the booming of the express delivery industry. 2+3翻译评分标准:1、第1-2题;每题3分..第3题4分;第4题5分..2、在每题中;单词拼写、标点符号、大小写错误累计每两处扣1分..3、语法错误每处扣1分..每句同类语法错误不重复扣分..4、译文没有用所给单词;扣1分..评分标准:1. 本题总分为25分;按A; B; C; D; E五个档次给分..2. 评分时;先根据文章的内容和语言初步确定其所属档次;然后以该档次的要求来衡量;确定或调整档次;最后给分..其中;内容和语言两部分相加;得15分或以上者;可考虑加4-5分;15分以上下只能考虑加0;1;2;3分..3. 词数少于 70;总分最多不超过10分..4. 评分时;应注意的主要内容为:内容要点、应用词汇和语法结构的数量和准确性、上下文的连贯性及语言的得体性..5. 拼写与标点符号是语言准确性的一个方面;评分时;应视其对交际的影响程度予以考虑..英、美拼写和词汇用法均可接受..6. 如书写较差;以至影响交际;将分数降低一个档次..7. 内容要点可用不同方式表达;对紧扣主题的适当发挥不予扣分..。
崇明区2018届高三等级考第一次模拟考试生命科学试卷(解析版)含解斩
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崇明区2018届等级考第一次模拟考试试卷一、选择题1. 在“细胞的观察和测量”实验中,小明已在低倍镜下观察到了清晰的蚕豆叶下表皮细胞,现要精确地测量保卫细胞的长度,接下来他应该做的是A. 使用目镜测微尺直接测量B. 转换至高倍镜C. 调节细调节器D. 调节光圈【答案】B【解析】本题考查细胞的观察和测量实验,解题要点是了解实验的相关原理和操作步骤。
由于目镜测微尺在高倍镜视野中每小格单位更小,测量数据更精确;而调节器和光圈对精确测量数据没有影响.故答案选B。
点睛]:本题知识易错点是对显微测微尺的使用:1。
测微尺的选择:目镜测微尺安装于目镜镜筒的光阑上,物镜测微尺安装于载物台上,如果已知目镜测微尺每小格长度,测量物像的大小时只需用目镜测微尺;2.细胞的测量:细胞实际长度和宽度=高倍镜下测得物像所占格数乘以目镜测微尺每小格的长度。
2. 如图为一种人工半透膜模型。
与细胞膜结构相比,和不能通过的原因是缺少了关键成分A. 蛋白质B。
磷脂C。
多糖D。
胆固醇【答案】A【解析】因为K+和NO3-跨膜运输方式是主动运输,需要载体协助,消耗能量;据图分析,图中的人工膜缺少载体蛋白。
答案选A。
3. 某课题小组以“班氏试剂作用下溶液出现颜色反应的时间"为指标,探究比较不同成熟程度的柚汁中还原性糖的含量,实验鉴别的特征是溶液显现A。
蓝色 B. 橘红色 C. 紫色D。
红黄色【答案】D【解析】本题考查还原糖的鉴定,解题要点是了解实验原理。
班氏试剂与葡萄糖中的醛基反应生成红黄色沉淀.答案选D.点睛]:解题关键点是对实验原理的识记:鉴定物质类实验原理是,某些化学试剂能与生物组织中的有关有机物产生特定的颜色反应。
4. 某高中课题小组设计了“探究土壤中是否存在能分解纤维素的微生物”的实验,部分实验方案及实验结果如表,其中卷烟纸的作用是A. 提供碳源B. 提供生长因子C。
提供无机盐 D. 提供氮源【答案】A【解析】因为卷烟纸中一般只含纤维素而不含其它物质,能为微生物的生长提供碳源.答案选A。
2018届崇明区高考数学一模(附答案)
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崇明县2018届第一次高考模拟考试试卷一、填空题(本大题共有12题,满分54分,其中1-6题每题4分,7-12题每题5分) 1. 已知集合{1,2,5},{2,}A B a ==,若{1,2,3,5}AB =,则a =____________.2. 抛物线24y x =的焦点坐标是____________.3. 不等式01xx <+的解是____________. 4. 若复数z 满足1iz i =+(i 为虚数单位),则z =____________.5. 在代数式721x x ⎛⎫⎪⎝⎭的展开式中,一次项的系数是____________.(用数字作答)6. 若函数2sin 1(0)3y x πωω⎛⎫=-+> ⎪⎝⎭的最小正周期是π,则ω=____________. 7. 若函数()af x x =的反函数的图像经过点11,24⎛⎫⎪⎝⎭,则a =____________. 8. 将一个正方形绕着它的一边所在的直线旋转一周,所得几何体的体积为27πcm 3,则该几何体的侧面积为____________cm 39. 已知函数()y f x =是奇函数,当0x <时,()2xf x ax =-,且(2)2f =,则a =____________. 10. 若无穷等比数列{}n a 的各项和为n S ,首项11a =,公比为32a -,且lim n n S a →∞=,则a =____________.11. 从5男3女共8名学生中选出队长1人,副队长1人,普通队员2人组成4人志愿者服务队,要求服务队中至少有1名女生,共有种不同的选法____________.(用数字作答)12. 在ABC 中,BC 边上的中垂线分别交,BC AC 于点,D E .若6,2AE BC AB ⋅==,则AC =____________.二、选择题(本大题共有4题,满分20分) 13. 展开式为ad bc -的行列式是( )A.a b dcB.a cb dC.a d bcD.b a dc14. 设,R a b ∈,若a b >,则( )A.11a b< B. lg lg a b >C. sin sin a b >D. 22a b>15. 已知等差数列{}a 的公差为d ,前n 项和为S ,则“0d >”是“2S S S +>”的( )A. 充分不必要条件B. 必要不充分条件C. 充分必要条件D. 既不充分也不必要条件16. 直线2x =与双曲线22:14x C y -=的渐近线交于,A B 两点,设P 为双曲线上任一点,若OP aOA bOB =+(,R a b ∈,O 为坐标原点),则下列不等式恒成立的是( )A. 221a b +≥B. 1ab ≥C. 1a b +≥D. 2a b -≥三、解答题(本大题共有5题,满分76分)17. (本题满分14分,第1题满分7分,第2题满分7分)如图,长方体1111ABCD A B C D -中,2AB BC ==,1AC 与底面ABCD 所成的角为60,(1)求四棱锥1A ABCD -的体积; (2)求异面直线1A B 与11B D 所成角的大小.18.(本题满分14分,第1题满分6分,第2题满分8分)已知()2cos 2cos 1f x x x x =+-.(1)求()f x 的最大值及该函数取得最大值时x 的值;(2)在ABC 中,,,a b c 分别是角,,A B C 所对的边,若a b ==,且2A f ⎛⎫= ⎪⎝⎭,求边c 的值.19.(本题满分14分,第1题满分6分,第2题满分8分)2016年崇明区政府投资8千万元启动休闲体育新乡村旅游项目.规划从2017年起,在今后的若干年内,每年继续投资2千万元用于此项目.2016年该项目的净收入为5百万元,并预测在相当长的年份里,每年的净收入均为上一年的的基础上增长50%.记2016年为第1年,()f n 为第1年至此后第()n n N *∈年的累计利润(注:含第n 年,累计利润=累计净收入-累计投入,单位:千万元),且当()f n 为正值时,认为该项目赢利.(1)试求()f n 的表达式;(2)根据预测,该项目将从哪一年开始并持续赢利?请说明理由.20.(本题满分16分,第1题满分4分,第2题满分5分, 第3题满分7分)在平面直角坐标系中,已知椭圆()222:10,1x C y a a a+=>≠的两个焦点分别是12,F F ,直线():,l y kx m k m R =+∈与椭圆交于,A B 两点.(1)若M 为椭圆短轴上的一个顶点,且12MF F 是直角三角形,求a 的值; (2)若1k =,且OAB 是以O 为直角顶点的直角三角形,求a 与m 满足的关系;(3)若2a =,且14OA OB k k ⋅=-,求证:OAB 的面积为定值.21.(本题满分18分,第1题满分5分,第2题满分5分, 第3题满分8分)若存在常数()0k k >,使得对定义域D 内的任意()1212,x x x x ≠,都有()()1212f x f x k x x -≤-成立,则称函数()f x 在其定义域D 上是“k -利普希兹条件函数”.(1)若函数()()14f x x =≤≤是“k -利普希兹条件函数”,求常数k 的最小值;(2)判断函数()2log f x x =是否是“2-利普希兹条件函数”,若是,请证明,若不是,请说明理由; (3)若()()y f x x R =∈是周期为2的“1-利普希兹条件函数”,证明:对任意的实数12,x x ,都有()()121f x f x -≤.参考答案一. 填空题1.32.()1,03.()1,0-4. 1i -5. 216.27.128. 18π 9.98- 10.2 11. 780 12. 4 二. 选择题 13-16.BDCC 三. 解答题17.(1;(2)18.(1)最大值为2,此时()6x k k Z ππ=+∈;(2)2c =或419.(1)()3272nf n n ⎛⎫=-- ⎪⎝⎭千万元;(2)从2023年开始持续赢利20.(1或2;(2)()22212m a a +=;(3)定值为1,证明略. 21.(1)12;(2)不是;(3)证明略。
上海高三英语2018崇明一模
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上海高三英语--2018崇明一模英语I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. In the street. B. At home. C. On the phone. D. At an office.2. A. A journalist. B. An electrician. C. A salesman. D. An operator.3. A. The flying time. B. The strange weather.C. The man’s jacket. D. The changeable fashion.4. A. She had a holiday. B. She travelled with her cousin.C. Her cousin visited her.D. Her cousin was away from Belgium.5. A. The stage is not big enough. B. They’re lucky to get two tickets.C. It’s not easy at all to get tickets.D. The woman doesn’t want to sit near the stage.6. A. Help the man to copy the novel. B. Return the novel to Alice immediately.C. Find a copy of the novel for the man.D. Ask Alice if the man can borrow the novel.7. A. She’s glad the man waited for her. B. She’d like to reschedule the meeting.C. She wasn’t very late for the meeting.D. She’s sorry that she missed the meeting.8. A. He has got more pages to write. B. The woman’s report is already long enough.C. He has already finished his report.D. The woman will have time to finish the report.9. A. She needs a different kind of job. B. She often goes back with her supervisor.C. She used to work for a newspaper.D. She’d like her supervisor’s opinion of her work.10. A. The man should have had his car inspected sooner.B. The man doesn’t need to have his car inspected until next month.C. The auto inspection center will be closed at the end of the month.D. She has to wait even longer than the man did to have her car inspected.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of them. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. Alphabet’s plan on self-driving cars. B. A successful test of self-driving cars.C. People’s responses to self-driving cars.D. The 3D map used in self-driving cars.12. A. The camera. B. The laser device. C. The built-in GPS. D. The sensors and radar.13. A. Self-driving cars are already common. B. It was the first test of self-driving cars.C. There exists distrust in self-driving cars.D. Drivers are still needed in self-driving cars.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Tourism can bring a lot of disadvantages. B. Tourism is increasingly popular these years.C. Tourism should benefit local communities.D. Tourism has become a problem in some places.15. A. The cost of fuel is low. B. More people are visiting China.16. A. 1.8 million more people will travel in 2030 according to the UNWTO.B. Measures have been taken to address overtourism in some places.C. Taleb Rifai doesn’t regard overtourism as a problem.D. Some cities have forbidden tourists to visit them.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. Because the joke was about dinner. B. To get all the boys involved in the joke.C. Because they had no idea about the joke.D. To leave the boys no time to take revenge.18. A. It was carefully prepared. B. The boys were each asked to take a bowl.C. The food there was delicious.D. Supper should be skipped before the party.19. A. Stupid. B. Challenged. C. Confused. D. Disappointed.20. A. The girls’ joke turned out to be a success.B. The class teacher was not generous enough.C. The boys managed to take revenge on the girls.D. The food was delicious so the bowls were emptied.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks,use one word that best fits each blank.Star Giraffe Finally Gives BirthApril, a giraffe who became an Internet star after her pregnancy was broadcast online, has finally given birth, ending months of excitement for her audience.The live broadcast from Animal Adventure Park in Harpursville, the State of New York, began during the winter.(21) drew nearly five million viewers a day at its peak. Some viewers kept checking back, even after the period(22) _____ _____ April was expected to give birth had gone. Others became frustrated, questioning (23)_________ she was really pregnant.Finally, (24)________ April was pacing in her pen (畜栏) on April 15, two hoove s (蹄) began to appear. After a few hours, a newly-born giraffe was lying on the floor, (25)_________ (look) around confusedly. The calf (幼崽) tried to stand a few times but (26)_________ not. An hour later, it was (27)_________ its feet, walking around carefully. A spokesman for the animal park said the calf was a boy. “After months of pregnancy, both mom and calf are doing fine,”said Jordan, the owner of Animal Adventure Park.People in Harpursville now hope the attention that April (28)_________ (draw) will translate into an economic development for the area. Harpursville was once a manufacturing base, but it has struggled financially in recent years.Fortunately, there are already signs (29)_________ April’s fame is breathing new life into the area. Dozens of families recently arrived at the animal park after hours of driving, only (30)_________ (find) it closed for the winter. A nearby hotel has booked more than 100 reservations for a package that includes admission to the park when it reopens in May.Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Thanks to used-car website Carvana, it is now possible to buy your own set of wheels at the touch of a button, from the world’s first and only coin-operated car vending machine in Nashville, Tennessee. It’s quick, easy, and not cheap, but cheaper than buying a car the old way.The company has been working on the concept for the past two years. Their 31 car vending machine was installed in Atlanta in 2013. But they’ve spent time improving the design, in order to take user experience to the next level. “Our new Ven ding Machine is a state-of-the-art, multi-story structure that delivers our customers’ cars by merely 32 a special coin,” said Carvana CEO Ernie Garcia.The machine consists of a five-story glass tower that can hold up to 20 cars at a time. The tower basically serves as a(n) 33 point for used cars that customers purchase through the website, enabling 34 pricing and eliminating delivery costs.Customers can access a long list of specifications, ratings, reviews, and lots of other details about t he cars they’re interested in on the Carvana website. They even get 35 tours that point out every scratch on the body of the car. Once the car is chosen and paid for, the company usually delivers the car to the customer for a seven-day trial period. This usually means the delivery costs are worked into the 36 of the vehicle.But with the Vending Machine, customers are able to go to pick up their cars straight away. It’s a win-win 37 that allows Carvana to cut down on staff and overhead(间接费用), and save customers about $2,000 as well. According to the company, it also makes for a great 38 experience – placing an oversized coin in a slot (硬币投币口) and watching their car roll down automatically.“Carvana’s 39 is to create a better way to buy a car, and this new Vending Machine will be a one-of-a-kind experience, 40 just how simple and easy we’ve made it to buy a car online,” Garcia said. He added the company plans to build more car vending machines in the future.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Stay out of the Sun to Look YoungForget drinking countless glasses of water or getting your beauty sleep. The secret of looking young is simply to stay out of the sun. A study of hundreds of women has revealed that those who avoided the sun’s rays looked up to 20 years younger than they actually are.However, other supposed rules for a youthful complexion (肤色), from drinking lots of water to sleeping well and exercising regularly, failed to 41 the hands of time. Only keeping out of the sun, and wearing sunscreen when this wasn’t possible, made a 42 , the American Academy of Dermatology’s annual conference will hear today.The interesting 43 comes from a study of 231 women of all ages who were quizzed about their lives, including whether they were sun-lovers. When researchers from Massachusetts General Hospital in the US – commissioned by skincare firm Olay – guessed how old the women were, they found those who 44 in the sun tended to have aged more slowly. A lucky four had so few wrinkles and 45 spots, and such a fresh complexion, that they appeared to be a full two decades younger than they really were.Researcher Dr Alexa Kimball, a professor of dermatology (皮肤医学), said the 46 advice that we drink lots of water to stay healthy is actually a myth (谬见), and the body is ‘pretty good’ at judging how much we need.Previous research by the British Nutrition Foundation reached a 47 conclusion. Experts there said: ‘Just drinking water for the sake of drinking water really has no effect on improving the app earance of skin.’It isn’t clear why the women who 48 well didn’t have younger-looking skin. But it may be that the question they were asked was too49 and didn’t take into account their long-term sleep patterns.A second study, also by Olay, suggested that low-level day to day exposure to the sun is more ageing than 50 ,the sun. A gene called CDKN2A was more active in facial skin that is exposed to the elements than in samples taken from the bottoms. This gene was also more active in women who said they loved the 52 – and in those who looked older. Dr Kimball said CDKN2A activity is a 53 that a cell is ‘tired out’ and urged women should protect their skin year round and not just when on a beach holiday.Dr Frauke Neuser, principal scientist at Olay, which has used the 54 to develop its latest face creams, said: ‘This research gives us a detailed picture of the effect of sun exposure on skin ageing and illustrate the importance of protection on a 55 basis.’41. A. add to B. benefit from C. depend on D. hold back42. A. mistake B. proposal C. difference D. comment43. A. finding B. suggestion C. prospect D. possibility44. A. cheered up B. were exposed C. made trouble D. took care45. A. age B. trouble C. scenic D. weak46. A. faulty B. popular C. helpful D. conflicting47. A. better B. similar C. false D. satisfactory48. A. ate B. exercised C. acted D. slept49. A. hard B. apparent C. narrow D. serious50. A. occasional B. limited C. potential D. initial51. A. good B. damage C. treatment D. miracle52. A. beauty B. water C. skin D. sun53. A. trend B. possibility C. sign D. chance54. A. product B. research C. approach D. sample55. A. temporary B. personal C. daily D. strictSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Mickey Mouse and Shrek are just a couple of the American animated (动画的) characters loved the world over. And they are examples of the evolution of animation, which has brought unique new life to the film industry.Among the first American animated films was Light of the Moon, a silent movie produced in 1911 using silhouette (剪影) animation, where the characters are represented only as black silhouettes.The real breakthrough for American animation came with Steamboat Willie, created by Walt Disney and released in 1928. It was the first animated film to be accompanied by sound, and its main star, Mickey Mouse, became one of the most loveable and enduring animated characters ever created. Disney also created the first American full-length animated film, Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs. Released in 1937, it enjoyed worldwide box-office success.Disney’s extremely careful attention to high-quality detail in the thousands of hand-painted drawings required at that time to make an animated film elevated this film technique to the level of a serious art form.Clay animation is a type of stop-motion animation using forms made of clay. Clay animation films have been produced in the United States since 1908. But this form of animation only won wide popular appeal in 1955 with a short film called Gumbasia, created by Art Clokey.Computer-generated imagery, or CGI, brought animation to a new level of artistry and realism. Used in film since the 1960s, CGI animation began to develop rapidly in the mid-1990s. Toy Story, released in 1995 and created by Pixar and Disney Studios, was the first completely computer-generated animated feature film.In 2001, DreamWorks and Pacific Data Images released Shrek, the first computer-animated feature film to win an Oscar. Shrek returned in 2004 with his talking donkey, his princess bride Fiona and an army of fairy-tale characters in Shrek 2. Hugely popular, that film became the highest-grossing (票房最高的) animated film of all time.In addition to strictly animated movies, animation has been mixed into films showing live actors as well. Who can forget the terrifyingly real dinosaurs thundering through Steven Spielberg’s Jurassic Park movies and the actors they chased? Thanks to the powerful capabilities of today’s computers and the unlimited imagin ation of American filmmakers, animation will be entertaining audiences worldwide for a long time to come.56. The passage is mainly about the _____ of animation.A. influenceB. popularityC. charactersD. development57. Which film marked the beginning of the complete digital age of American animation?A. Light of the Moon.B. Steamboat Willie.C. Toy Story.D. Shrek.58. It can be learned from the passage that _____.A. Disney played a very important role in promoting animationB. computers make animated characters more lovelyC. Jurassic Park movies involve only live actorsD. clay animation enjoys long-lasting popularity59. What can be inferred about the future of animation from the passage?A. Animation will forever remain an essential form of entertainment.B. Animation will be replaced by new forms of films in the near future.C. Animation will continuously gain new life due to computers and imagination.D. Animation will get more popular in the future for the developing film technology.(B)The Puffing Billy Railway, located about 40km east of Melbourne, was constructed in the early 1900s toopen up remote areas. The present line between Belgrave and Gembrook travels through the forests andfarmlands of the magnificent Dandenong Ranges. Today, this non-profit Railway operates almost dailythanks to the tireless efforts of more than 900 dedicated volunteers.60. The above information is mainly intended for _____.A. international tourists in AustraliaB. potential travellers of the steam trainsC. local residents in Dandenong RangesD. volunteers on the Puffing Billy Railway61. People are not permitted to bring _____ onto the excursion trains.A. pramsB. guide dogsC. wheelchairsD. alcohol62. What can be learned from the above information?A. Taking photos is forbidden on most excursion trains.B. Toilets for the disabled are not available at all stations.C. Foreign visitors to Australia can also get concession fares.D. One can get tickets at a lower price as long as he books in advance.(C)Academic learning is usually in the spotlight at school, but teaching elementary-age students “soft” skills like self-control and how to get along with others might help to keep at-risk kids out of criminal trouble in the future, a study finds.Duke University researchers looked at a program called Fast Track, which was started in the 1990s for children who were identified by their teachers and parents to be at high risk for developing aggressive behavioral problems.The students were randomized into two groups; half took part in the intervention (干预), which included a teacher-led curriculum, parent training groups, academic tutoring and lessons in self-control and social skills. The program, which lasted from first grade through tenth grade, reduced arrests and use of health and mental health services as the students aged through adolescence and young adulthood, as researchers explained in a separate study.In the latest study, researchers looked at the “why” behind those previous findings. In looking at the data from nearly 900 students, the researchers found that about a third of the impact on future crime outcomes was due to the social and self-regulation skills the students learned from ages 6 to 11.The academic skills that were taught as part of Fast Track turned out to have less of an impact on crime than did the soft skills, which are associated with emotional intelligence.“The conclusion that we would make is that these soft skills should be emphasized even more in our education system and in our system of socializing children,” says Kenneth Dodge, a professor at Duke who was a principal investigator in this study as well as in the original Fast Track project. Parents should do all they can to promote these skills with their children, Dodge says, as should education policymakers.To Neil Bernstein, a psychologist in Washington, D.C., who specializes in child and adolescent behavior disorders, the researchers’ findings seem to match what he’s seen among the general public in working with children for more than 30 years. And while he says he agrees with the importance of teaching self-control and social skills, he would add empathy to the list, too.“Empathy is what makes us aware of the feelings of others, and when you’re empathic, you’re much less likely to hurt someone else’s feelings,” says Bernstein, who serves on the advisory board for the Partnership for Drug-Free Kids.“Being in tune with how someone else feels might also make adolescents avoid bullying and other behaviors of concern,” Bernstein says.While Bernstein thinks the study’s findings are meaningful and could potentially serve as a model for schools, he says that collectively getting a school system, teachers, parents and students all motivated enough to take part in an intervention like Fast Track is challenging.63. Fast Track is aimed to _____.A. improve children’s academic skillsB. help the children with behavior disordersC. identify the problematic childrenD. classify children into different groups64. Neil Bernstein thinks that _____.A. empathic children are more likely to have higher emotional intelligenceB. the findings of the studies disagree with what he has found in his workC. empathy is equally essential in educating and socializing childrenD. self-control and social skills are not as important as empathy65. What can be learned from the passage?A. It’s hard to involve everyone concerned in applying the findings.B. Soft skills were not part of the education system in the past.C. The findings are meaningless unless guided by Fast Track.D. Adolescence is the most critical stage in a person’s life.66. What does the passage mainly tell us?A. Academic skills are paid too much attention at schools.B. Academic skills have no influence on children’s behaviors.C. Soft skills are much harder to develop than academic skills.D. Soft skills play a significant role in preventing future crimes.Section CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.The Best Language for MathWhat’s the best language for learning math? Hint: You’re not reading it.Chinese, Japanese and Korean use simpler number words and express math concepts more clearly than English. The language gap is drawing growing attention as confusing English number words have been linked in several studies to weaker counting and arithmetic skill in children in English-speaking countries._______67________ Among the researchers are Karen Fuson, a professor in the School of Education at Northwestern University, and Li Yeping, an expert on Chinese math education at Texas A&M University.Chinese has just nine number words, while English has more than two dozen. The trouble starts at “11”. English has a unique word for the number, while Chinese (as well as Japanese and Korean, among other languages) have words thatEnglish number words over 10 don’t as clearly label place values. Number words for the teens reverse the order of the ones and “teens”, making it easy for children to confuse, say, 17 with 71. As a result, children working with English number words have a harder time doing multi-digit addition and subtraction (减法). _______69________ It also feels more natural for Chinese speakers than for English speakers to use the “make-a-ten” addition and subtraction strategy. When adding two numbers, students break down the numbers into parts and regroup them into tens and ones. For instance, 9 plus 5 becomes 9 plus 1 plus 4. _______70________ Many teachers in America have increased instruction in the make-a-ten method and called for first-graders to use it to add and subtract.Now, you should feel lucky that you are learning math in China. Thanks to your mother tongue, all math problems just come less confusing and difficult to you!IV. Summary WritingDirections:Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.From Burn Survivor to Global InspirationLast October, the Kona Ironman World Championship witnessed an unbelievable finish. Turia Pitt, an Australian woman who suffered severe burns when caught in a bush fire during a marathon six years ago, successfully challenged herself.Pitt spent 864 days in a hospital and went through more than 200 operations. Doctors said she would never run again, but she proved them wrong.Crossing the line in the Hawaiian darkness, Pitt showed incredible emotion as the race commentator (现场解说员) announced: “Turia Pitt, you are an ironman!” On social media, people around the world applauded her determination.Apart from continuing to be a star athlete, Pitt is also a motivational speaker now. She is sharing her journey of recovery with others to help raise awareness about the importance of organ donation, which she believes saved her life.Pitt was 24 years old when she and five others encountered the fire. Doctors had to remove the burnt skin and replace it with donated skin that could fight infection. None could be found in Australia and doctors were forced to search abroad. They finally found skin that could be used in the United States.“I’m not being dramatic, but it was the skin that saved my life,” said Pitt. “I decided to live my life to the best of my abilities because I never wanted those donors, wherever they are, to think I was ungrateful for their gift.”So Pitt set herself a big goal: the Kona Ironman World Championship. In order to compete, she had to first learn how to stand, walk and even talk all over again. And because of her burns, she also has trouble sweating and regulating her body temperature.Despite these disadvantages, Pitt completed the race in just 14 hours. She said this achievement would not be possible without the donated skin, highlighting the importance of organ donation.________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72.你能感受到大数据给现代生活带来的冲击吗?(impact)73.我们在向西方学习的时候不能丢弃自己独特的文化特征。
崇明2018届高三英语一模答案教学文案
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崇明2018届高三英语一模答案崇明区2018届第一次高考模拟考试英语参考答案及评分标准I. Listening Comprehension(共25分。
第1至10小题,每题1分;第11至20小题,每题1.5分。
)1. C2. B3. B4. A5. C6. D7. A8.D 9. D 10. A11. B 12. A 13. C 14. D 15. C 16. B 17. D 18. B 19. C 20. AII. Grammar and Vocabulary(共20分。
每小题1分。
)21. It 22. in/during which 23. whether/if 24. as/when/while 25. looking26. could 27. on 28. has drawn 29. that 30. to find31. E 32. C 33. D 34. B 35. J 36. G 37. A 38. K 39. F 40. HIII. Reading Comprehension(共45分。
第41至55小题,每题1分;第56至70小题,每题2分。
)41. D 42. C 43. A 44. D 45. A 46. B 47. B 48. D 49. C 50. A51. B 52. D 53. C 54. B 55. C 56. D 57. C 58. A 59. C 60. B61. D 62. B 63. B 64. C 65. A 66. D 67. C 68. F 69. B 70. DIV. Summary Writing(共10分)Turia Pitt met with a fire during a marathon and got severely burnt 6 years ago. But she eventually survived and recovered with the donated skin. What inspired people more was that she finished the Kona Ironman World Championship despite all the disadvantages she had after the评分标准:1. 本题总分为10分, 其中内容5分, 语言5分。
2018-2019学年上海市崇明区高三一模数学试卷(带参考答案)
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崇明区2018学年度第一次高考模拟考试试卷数 学考生注意:1. 本试卷共4页,21道试题,满分150分,考试时间120分钟.2. 本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分,试卷包括试题与答题要求,所有答题必须涂(选择题)或写(非选择题)在答题纸上,做在试卷上一律不得分。
3. 答题纸与试卷在试题编号上是一一对应的,答题时应特别注意,不能错位。
一、填空题(本大题共有12题,满分54分,其中第1-6题每题4分,第7-12每每题5分)【考生应在答题纸相应编号的空格内直接填写加过】 1. 20lim31n n n →∞+=+ .2. 已知集合{}{}|12,1,0,1,2,3A x x B =-<<=-,则=A B ⋂ .3. 若复数z 满足i z z 232-=+,其中i 为虚数单位,则=z .4. 821⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛-x x 的展开式中含7x 项的系数为 (用数字作答).5. 角θ的终边经过点()y P ,4,且53sin -=θ,则=θtan . 6. 在平面直角坐标系xOy 中,已知抛物线x y 42=上一点P 到焦点的距离为5,则点P 的横坐标是 .7. 圆04222=+-+y x y x 的圆心到直线0543=++y x 的距离等于 . 8. 设一个圆锥的侧面展开图是半径为2的半圆,则此圆锥的体积等于 .9. 若函数()1log 2+-=x ax x f 的反函数的图像过点()73,-,则=a . 10. 2018年上海春季高考有23所高校招生,如果某3位同学恰好被其中2所高校录取,那么不同的录取方法有 种.11. 设()x f 是定义在R 上的以2为周期的偶函数,在区间[]10,上单调递减,且满足()()22,1==ππf f ,则不等式组()⎩⎨⎧≤≤≤≤2121x f x 的解集为 .12. 已知数列{}n a 满足:①01=a ,②对任意的*∈N n 都有n n a a >+1成立.函数()n n a x nf -=1sin,[]1,+∈n n a a x 满足:对于任意的实数[)1,0∈m ,()m x f n =总有两个不同的根,则{}n a 的通项公式是 .二、选择题(本大题共有4题,满分20分)【每题有且只有一个正确答案,考生应在答题纸的相应编号上,将代表答案的小方格涂黑,选对得5分,否则一律得零分.】 13. 若b a <<0,则下列不等式恒成立的是( ).A ba 11> .B b a >- .C 22b a > .D 33b a < 14. “2<p ”是“关于x 的实系数方程012=++px x 有虚数根”的( ).A 充分不必要条件 .B 必要不充分条件 .C 充分必要条件 .D 既不充分也不必要条件 15. 已知a b c ,,满足++=0a b c ,且222a b c <<,则a b b c a c ⋅⋅⋅,,中最小的值是( ) .A a b ⋅ .B b c ⋅ .C a c ⋅ .D 不能确定16. 函数()(),,22+-==x x x g x x f 若存在,,,,,⎥⎦⎤⎢⎣⎡∈⋯29021n x x x 使得 ()()()()()()()(),n n n n x f x g x g x g x g x f x f x f +⋯++=++⋯++--121121则n 的最大值为( ) .A 11 .B 13 .C 14 .D 18三、解答题(本大题共有5题,满分56分)【解答下列各题必须在答题纸相应编号的规定区域内写出必要的步骤】17. (本题满分14分,本题共有2个小题,第(1)小题满分7分,第(2)小题满分7分) 如图,设长方体1111ABCD A B C D -中,2AB BC ==,直线1A C 与平面ABCD 所成角为4π. (1)求三棱锥1A A BD -的体积; (2)求异面直线1A B 与1B C 所成角的大小.ABCD 1A 1B 1C 1D已知函数()2cos sin f x x x x =⋅+-. (1)求函数()f x 的单调递增区间;(2)在锐角ABC ∆中,角,,A B C 的对边分别为,,a b c ,若()1,3,42f A a b ===.求ABC ∆的面积.19. (本题满分14分,本题共有2个小题,第(1)小题满分5分,第(2)小题满分9分) 某创业投资公司拟投资开发某种新能源产品,估计能活得25万元1600万元的投资收益,现准备制定一个对科研课题组的奖励方案:奖金y (单位:万元)随投资收益x (单位:万元)的增加而增加,奖金不超过75万元,同时奖金不超过投资收益的20%.(即:设奖励方案函数模型为()y f x =时,则公司对函数模型的基本要求是:当[]25,1600x ∈时,①()f x 是增函数;②()75f x ≤恒成立;(3)()5xf x ≤恒成立.) (1) 判断函数()1030xf x =+是否符合公司奖励方案函数模型的要求,并说明理由;(2)已知函数()()51g x a =-≥符合公司奖励方案函数模型要求,求实数a 的取值范围.第(3)小题满分7分) 已知椭圆()2222:10y x a b a bΓ+=>>,12,B B 分别是椭圆短轴的上下两个端点,1F 是椭圆的左焦点,P 是椭圆上异于点12,B B 的点,若112B F B ∆的边长为4的等边三角形. (1)写出椭圆的标准方程;(2)当直线1PB 的一个方向向量是()1,1时,求以1PB 为直径的圆的标准方程; (3)设点R 满足:1122,RB PB RB PB ⊥⊥,求证:12PB B ∆与12RB B ∆的面积之比为定值.21. (本题满分18分,本题共有3个小题,第(1)小题满分4分,第(2)小题满分6分,第(3)小题满分8分) 已知数列{}{},n n a b 均为各项都不相等的数列,n S 为{}n a 的前n 项和,()11n n n a b S n N *+=+∈.(1)若11,2n na b ==,求4a 的值; (2)若{}n a 是公比为()1q q ≠的等比数列,求证:数列11n b q ⎧⎫+⎨⎬-⎩⎭为等比数列;(3)若{}n a 的各项都不为零,{}n b 是公差为d 的等差数列,求证:23,,,,n a a a 成等差数列的充要条件是12d =.。
崇明高三语文一模试题及解答
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2018届崇明县高三一模语文一、积累应用(10分)1.按要求填空。
(5分)(1)________________________,双照泪痕干。
(杜甫《月夜》)(2)不应有恨,________________________?(苏轼《》)(3)王夫之《姜寨诗话》说:“以乐景写哀,以哀景写乐,一倍增其哀乐”《诗经.采薇》中“以哀景写乐”的两句是“________________________,”。
(元·马致远《寿阳曲·远浦帆归》)2.按要求选择(5分)(1)他乡偶遇多年未见好友,以下句子最适合表达此时情感的一项是()(2分)A.人生若只如初见,何事秋风悲画扇。
B.人生所贵在知己,四海相逢骨肉亲。
C.鱼沈雁杳天涯路,始信人间别离苦。
D.桃李春风一杯酒,江湖夜雨十年灯。
(2)填入下面语段空白处的词句,最恰当的—项是(. )(3分)其实每种学问都有长久的历史,,提出过种种不同的解答,你必须明白这些经过,才可以利用前人的收获,免得绕弯子甚至于走错路。
A.许多人都曾经思虑过、讨论过其中每一个问题B.其中每一个问题曾经许多人都思虑过,讨论过C.其中每一个问题都曾经许多人思虑过,讨论过D.许多人对其中每一个问题都曾思虑过,讨论过二、阅读(70分)(一)阅读下文,完成3-7题。
(16分)文学社会学的“摆渡”罗时进①中国古代诗文,从先秦到唐宋是各种文体的萌生、成长、形成阶段;明清诗文自然也有成长,甚至出现显性的发展,但这种发展是与回溯、总结相伴的。
也正因为如此,诗文二体迄于唐宋,内部结构方面的问题很多,而至明清则外部关系问题更加突出。
虽然,几乎所有称之为“外部关系”方面的问题在唐宋乃至先唐时代都有,但显然不如明清时代那样全面集中、高度呈现,这不免使人好奇。
而正如文学内部结构具有相关性一样,外部关系问题之丛生往往表现为两种形态:一是链式的,一是树形的。
前者是问题套连着问题,后者是主要问题旁生出诸多问题。
2018崇明一模地理word含答案上海市崇明区2018届高三第一次模拟考试地理试题
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2018崇明一模地理word含答案上海市崇明区2018届高三第一次模拟考试地理试题崇明区2018年等级考第一次模拟考试试卷高二(高三)地理考生注意:1.试卷满分100分,考试时间60分钟。
【请将答案填写在答题纸上】2.试卷包括两大题,第一大题为选择题,第二大题为综合分析题。
一、选择题(共40分,每小题2分,每小题只有一个正确答案)1.火星探测项目是我国继载人航天工程、XXX工程之后又一个重大空间探索项目,我国火星探测器预计在2020年上天。
火星探测器一旦进入火星轨道,便脱离了A.地月系B.太阳系C.银河系D.总星系2.太阳大气某层有时会出现一些突然增大、增亮的斑块,该太阳活动是A.黑子B.耀斑C.日珥D.太阳风3.“神舟十一号”载人飞船于北京时间2016年10月17日7时30分,在XXX发射升空。
美国纽约(西五区)的华人收看飞船发射直播时,当地时间是A.16日6时30分B.16日18时30分C.17日4时30分D.17日20时30分4.下列光照图中,最符合上题飞船发射时全球昼夜状况的是ABCD5.读右图,2017年11月13日伊拉克、伊朗边境地区发生7.8级地震,震源深度20千米。
此次地震发生的缘故原由是A.亚欧板块和太平洋板块碰撞B.亚欧板块和印度洋板块碰撞C.非洲板块与印度洋板块张裂D.宁靖洋板块与美洲板块碰撞6.矿物颗粒细小、颜色较深、分布广泛的玄武岩属于A.沉积岩B.变质岩C.侵入岩D.喷出岩7.从形状特征看,等高线地形图上指向高处的等高线突出部分是A.洼地B.山峰C.山谷D.山脊8.歌曲《上海滩》中有歌词“似大江一发不收,转千湾转千滩”,河流“湾”处往往岸陡、浪急、水深,“滩”处往往岸缓、水稳、滩露。
以下关于河流“湾”和“滩”处主要的外力作用,说法正确的是A.“湾”处主要是流水侵蚀C.“滩”处主要是流水侵蚀B.“湾”处主要是流水堆积D.“滩”处主要是流水搬运9.在赤道和南纬30°之间的纬度带,许多海岛上的树被定向风吹的像扫帚一样,构成一种绝妙的风向标,其树冠的倾斜方向是A.西北B.XXX10.2000年以来,世界上输沙量最多、含沙量最大的河流——黄河,泥沙含量锐减,悄然出现变清态势。
上海市崇明区2018届第一次高考模拟考试物理试题(含答案)
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上海市崇明区2018届第一次高考模拟考试物理试题1.物体在温度升高过程中,其A. 机械能一定增大B. 所有分子无规则运动的动能都增大C. 分子的势能一定增大D. 分子无规则运动的平均动能增大2.下列物理量单位关系正确的是A. 力的单位:1N 1=kg·m/sB. 功的单位:1J 1=kg·m 2/s 2C. 压强单位:1Pa 1=kg/m 2D. 电压单位:1V 1=J·C3.已知地球的质量为M ,引力常量为G ,设飞船绕地球做匀速圆周运动的轨道半径为r ,则飞船在圆轨道上运行的速率为 A. 2r T π B. gr C. GM rD. r ω 4.取竖直向上为正方向,则竖直上抛运动的v t -图像是A. B. C. D.5.如图,一个倾角为α的光滑斜面,在水平面上向右做匀加速直线运动,物体m 与斜面保持相对静止,重力加速度为g ,则斜面运动的加速度为A. sin g αB. cos g αC. tan g αD. cot g α6.一质点做匀加速直线运动,在时间间隔t 内位移为s ,速度变为原来的3倍.该质点的加速度为( )A.2s t B. 232s t C. 24s tD. 28s t 7.某机械波沿x 轴正方向传播,在0t =时刻波形如图所示.已知该波的周期0.2s T =,则该波A. 波长6λ=mB. 此时p 点的运动方向向下C. 在0.2s 内,质点p 通过的路程是4cmD. 在0.3t =s 时,Q 点正好处在平衡位置8.如图,小球A 、B 从同一高度同时由静止释放,A 球做自由落体运动,B 球沿光滑斜面下滑.则能正确表示两球运动到地面的速率-时间图像是A. B. C. D.9.一定质量的理想气体,状态变化由a 到b 到c ,其P -t 图中直线ab 平行p 坐标轴,直线bc 通过坐标原点,三状态的体积分别为V a 、V b 、V c ,则根据图像可以判定A. a b V V >B. a b V V =C. b c V V >D. b c V V =10.将一电源电动势为E 、内阻为r 的电池,与外电路连接,构成一个闭合电路,随着外电路电阻R 的变化,电路的总电流I 发生变化,则下列判断正确的是A. 由U IR =外可知,外电压随I 的增大而增大B. 由U Ir =内可知,电源两端的电压,随I 的增大而增大C. 由U E Ir =-可知,电源输出电压,随输出电流I 的增大而减小D. 由P IU =可知,电源的输出功率P 随输出电流I 的增大而增大11.如图,一光滑的轻滑轮用细绳'悬挂于O 点,另一细绳跨过滑轮,其一端悬挂物块a ,另一端系一位于水平粗糙桌面上的物块b .外力F 向右上方拉b ,整个系统处于静止状态.若F 方向不变,大小在一定范围内变化,物块b 仍始终保持静止,则A. 物块b 所受到的支持力会保持不变B. 绳oo'的张力会在一定范围内变化C. 连接a 和b 的绳的张力也在一定范围内变化D. 物块b 与桌面间的摩擦力也在一定范围内变化12.如图所示,质量相等的两物体A 、B 叠放在粗糙的水平面上,A 与B 接触面光滑.A 、B 分别受水平向右的恒力F 1、F 2作用,且F 2>F 1.现A 、B 两物体保持相对静止.则B 受到地面的摩擦力大小和方向为A. 21F F -,向右B. 21F F -,向左C. ()21/2F F -,向左D. ()21/2F F -,向右13.汽车在阻力一定的水平路面上以额定功率行驶,当汽车加速时,牵引力___,加速度___.(填“增大”、“减小”、“不变”)14.如图所示,水平平行线代表电场线,但未指明方向,带电量为810C -的正电微粒,在电场中只受电场力的作用,由A 运动到B ,克服电场力做功4210-⨯J ,已知A 点的电势为40.510-⨯V ,则电场线方向______(填“向左”或“向右”),B 点的电势为_____V .15.如图所示,电源内阻1r =Ω,12R =Ω,26R =Ω,灯L 上标有“3V 、1.5W”的字样,当滑动变阻器R 3的滑片P 移到最右端时,电流表示数为1A ,灯L 恰能正常发光.则电源的电动势____ V ;当P 移到最左端时,电流表的示数_____A.16.如图所示,粗细相同的导热玻璃管A 、B 底部由橡皮软管连接,一定质量的空气被水银柱封闭在A 管内,气柱长40cm .B 管上方与大气相通,大气压强076P =cmHg ,初始时两管水银面相平,若A 管不动,为使A 管内水银面上升2cm ,则A 管内气体压强为____cmHg ,B 管向上缓慢移动的高度为____cm .17.如图所示,电源电动势8ε=V ,内电阻为0.5r =Ω,“3V ,3W”的灯泡L 与电动机M 串联接在电源上,灯泡刚好正常发光,电动机刚好正常工作,电动机的线圈电阻0 1.5R =Ω.则通过电动机的电流为____A ,电动机的输入功率为____W .18.实验如图,是一个用单摆测重力加速度的实验装置.(1)实验中,要求摆线与悬点连接处要用铁架夹住摆线,不能随意地将摆线绕在铁架上,其原因是:_____A. 防止摆角大于5度B. 防止测量摆长时无法得到较精确的数据C. 防止摆球在摆动过程中摆长不断发生变化D. 防止摆线固定点松动,造成摆长越来越长(2)以下是某同学在一次实验中记录到的两组数据,请根据表格数据,把表格中需要计算的物理量填上,并求出当地重力加速度的测量值(保留两位小数 3.14π=)结论:本次实验测得当地的重力加速度g =_____(m/s 2).(3)若两个摆长不等的单摆,摆球质量之比12:2:3m m =,在同一地方做小角度摆动时摆角相等,他们通过最低点时的速度之比12:3:2v v =,则他们的周期之比12:T T =_____.19.如图,粗糙直轨道AB 长 1.6s =m ,与水平方向的夹角37θ=︒;曲线轨道BC 光滑且足够长,它们在B 处光滑连接.一质量0.2m =kg 的小环静止在A 点,在平行于斜面向上的恒定拉力F 的作用下运动到B 点,然后撤去拉力F ,小环沿BC 轨道上升的最大高度0.8h =m ,小环与斜面间动摩擦因数0.4μ=.(g 取10m/s 2,sin370.6︒=,cos370.8︒=)求:(1)小环在B 点时的速度大小;(2)拉力F 的大小;(3)小环回到A 点时动能.20.如图,上下放置的两带电金属板,相距为3l ,板间有竖直向下的匀强电场E .距上板l 处有一带q +电的小球B ,在B 上方有带6q -电的小球A ,他们质量均为m ,用长度为l 的绝缘轻杆相连.已知/E mg q =.让两小球从静止释放,小球可以通过上板的小孔进入电场中(重力加速度为g ).求:(1)B 球刚进入电场时的速度1v 大小;(2)A 球刚进入电场时的速度2v 大小;(3)B 球是否能碰到下金属板?如能,求刚碰到时的速度3v 大小.如不能,请通过计算说明理由.参考答案1.D【解析】宏观物体的机械能与微观物体的内能无关,选项A 错误;当物体的温度升高时,物体内分子的平均动能变大,并非所有分子无规则运动的动能都增大,选项D 正确,B 错误;温度升高时,分子的势能不一定增大,选项C 错误;故选D.2.B【解析】力的单位:1N 1=kg·m/s 2,选项A 错误;功的单位:1kg ∙m 2/s 2=1kg ∙m/s 2∙m=N ∙m=J ,选项B 正确;压强单位:1Pa 1N =/m 2,选项C 错误;电压单位:1V 1=J /C,选项D 错误;故选B.3.C 【解析】研究飞船绕地球做匀速圆周运动,根据万有引力提供向心力,列出等式:22Mm v G m r r =,解得:v = C. 4.B【解析】取竖直向上为正方向,竖直上抛运动是初速度为零,加速度为-g 的匀变速直线运动,则有 v=v 0-gt ,v-t 图象是向下倾斜的直线,故ACD 错误,B 正确.故选B.点睛:解此题关键是知道竖直上抛运动是加速度大小始终为g ,方向竖直向下的匀变速直线运动,其v-t 图象是一条向下倾斜的直线.5.C【解析】对木块受力分析,因为木块的加速度与斜面的加速度相同,则合力沿水平方向,如图所示,则F 合=mgtanθ,根据牛顿第二定律得,加速度a=mgtan mθ=g tanθ.故ABD 错误,C 正确.故选C. 点睛:解决本题的关键知道木块与斜面具有相同的加速度,通过隔离分析,运用平行四边形定则求解合力和弹力的大小.6.A【解析】设质点的初速度为v ,则动能E k1=12mv 2,由于末动能变为原来的9倍,则可知,末速度为原来的3倍,故v ′=3v ;故平均速度322v v v v +==;根据位移公式可知:s v t =;联立解得:v =2s t ;根据加速度定义可知2232s v v v s t a t t t t ⨯-==== ,故A 正确,BCD 错误.故选A . 点睛:本题考查动能以及运动学规律的问题,要注意明确动能变为9倍所隐含的信息,从而求出速度关系,同时还要注意应用平均速度公式.7.D【解析】由波形图可知,该波的波长为λ=4m ,选项A 错误;此时P 点将要向下振动,选项B 错误;因0.2s=T ,则在0.2s 内,质点p 通过的路程是4A=4×2cm=8cm ,选项C 错误;t=0.3s=1.5T ,因t=0时刻Q 点在平衡位置向下振动,则经过1.5T 时Q 点回到平衡位置,选项D 正确;故选D.点睛:根据波的传播方向判断质点的速度方向,读出波长等等都是常见的问题,波形的平移法是常用的方法,另外还有“同侧法”以及“逆向爬坡法”等.8.D【解析】A 球做自由落体运动,加速度为g .B 沿斜面向下做匀加速直线运动,加速度为 a=gsinα(α是斜面的倾角),则A 的加速度大于B 的加速度,所以A 图线的斜率大于B 图线的斜率.根据机械能守恒定律得 mgh=12m v 2,得 h 相等,所以v 相等,因此D 图正确,故ABC 错误.故选D.9.C【解析】a 、b 两态温度相同,且p a >p b ,由理想气体状态方程PV T =C ,可知V a <V b ,选项AB 错误;在P-t 图像中找到绝对温度的零点,根据 P=C VT ,在P-T 图象中b 到c 过程点与坐标原点的斜率增加,故气体的体积减小,即V b >V c ;选项C 正确,D 错误;故选C .10.C【解析】根据闭合电路欧姆定律得:U=E-Ir ,外电压随I 的增大而减小,故A 错误,C 正确;电源两端的电压实际上是路端电压,由A 的分析可知电源两端的电压,随I 的增大而减小,故B 错误;根据数学知识分析得知,当电源的内电阻等于外电阻时,输出功率最大,而I=E R r,所以电流增大时,电源的输出功率可能变大,也可能变小.故D 错误.故选C.点睛:本题主要考查闭合电路欧姆定律的直接应用,知道电源两端的电压即为路端电压,也就是电源输出电压;当电源的内电阻等于外电阻时,输出功率最大.11.D【解析】由于整个系统处于静止状态,所以滑轮两侧连接a 和b 的绳子的夹角不变;物块a 只受重力以及绳子的拉力,由于物体a 平衡,则连接a 和b 的绳子张力T 保持不变;由于绳子的张力及夹角均不变,所以OO ′中的张力保持不变,故BC 均错误;b 处于静止即平衡状态,对b 受力分析有:力T 与力F 与x 轴所成夹角均保持不变,由平衡条件可得:N+Fsinα+Tsinθ-mg=0;Fcosα+f -Tcosθ=0,由此可得:N=mg-Fsinα-Tsinθ由于T 的大小不变,可见当F 大小发生变化时,支持力的大小也在一定范围内变化,故A 错误;f=Tcosθ-Fcos α,由于T 的大小不变,当F 大小发生变化时,b 静止,可得摩擦力的大小也在一定范围内发生变化,故D 正确.故选D .12.B【解析】若物体A 和B 保持相对静止,则二者的加速度相同,设地面对B 的摩擦力大小为f ,方向水平向左.由牛顿第二定律知:对A :F 1=ma ,对B :F 2-f=ma ;联立得f=F 2-F 1,由于F 2>F 1.得f >0,所以地面对B 的摩擦力方向水平向左,故B 正确,ACD 错误;故选B .13. 减小减小【解析】根据P=Fv 知,P 一定,当汽车加速时,v 增大时,牵引力F 减小,由牛顿第二定律得 F-f=ma ,得知加速度减小,点睛:本题考查功率公式P=Fv 的应用,要明确汽车的功率等于牵引力与速度的乘积,F 不是合力,而是牵引力.14. 向左,1.5×104【解析】正电荷从A 到B ,电场力做负功,可知电场力向左,场强向左,电场线向左;44821021010AB AB W U V V q ---⨯===-⨯,因U AB =φA -φB ,φA =-0.5×104V ,则φB =1.5×104V 15. 62【解析】(1)由闭合电路欧姆定律得:E=U L +IR 1+Ir=3+1×2+1×1=6V(2)当P 移到最左端时,16212E I A r R ++=== 16.808【解析】初始A 中压强等于大气压p 0=76cmHg ,末状态由于水银面上升2cm ,故气柱缩短2cm ,因为缓慢移动,故温度不变,封闭气体发生等温变化,根据玻意耳定律可知:气体积变小,气体压强增大,大于外界大气压p 0,故末状态平衡时右侧水银面高于左侧水银面,故需要将B 管竖直向上缓慢移动.设B 管被提升H 高度后,B 管液面比A 高h 2,有:A 管内气柱长为L 1-h 1=40cm-2cm=38cm ;A 管气柱遵循玻意耳定律,有:p 0L 1=(p 0+h 2)(L 1-h ),代入数据:76×40=(76+h 2)(40-2),解得:h 2=4cm ,即A 管内气体压强为76+4=80cmHg ;B 管提升的高度:H=2h 1+h 2=2×2+4=8cm点睛:本题考查气体实验定律和理想气体状态方程的应用,关键是确定气体的各个状态参量,确定状态的变化过程,同时运用一定的几何知识即可求解.17. 14.5【解析】灯泡L 正常发光,通过灯泡的电流I L =L LP U =1A ,电动机与灯泡串联,通过电动机的电流I M =I L =1A ;路端电压:U=E-Ir=7.5V ,电动机两端的电压U M =U-U L =4.5V ;电动机的输入功率P =U M I M =4.5W ;18. (1)(C )(2)g =9.68-9.71(3)3:2【解析】(1)若将摆线绕在铁架上,则随着单摆的摆动,摆线的长度要发生改变,则要摆线与悬点连接处要用铁架夹住摆线,放置单摆摆动时摆长变化,故选C.(2)由表中数据可知:L 1=98cm ,L 2=80cm ,T 1=2s ,T 2=1.8s;根据2T =224L g T π=带入数据解得:g 1=9.66-9.67m/s 2,g 2=9.73-9.75m/s 2,取平均值可得:g =9.68-9.71m/s 2(3)由机械能守恒可得:()211cos 2mgL mv θ-=,解得()2221cos v L v g θ=∝-,由2T =可知T v ∝,则1212::3:2T T v v ==点睛:此题考查用单摆测量重力加速度的实验,解题的关键是知道实验的原理及注意事项,熟练掌握单摆的周期公式2T =及变形式. 19.(1)4m/s (2)2.84N (3)2.946J【解析】(1)因BC 轨道光滑,小环在BC 上运动时只有重力做功,机械能守恒,即小环在B 处与最高处的机械能相等,且在最高处时速度为零。
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2018年上海崇明区高三一模试 题(附答案)2018年崇明县高三一模语文试题一积累应用10分1. 按要求填空。
(5分)(1) __________________________ ,双照泪痕干。
(杜甫《月 夜》)(2) 不应有恨, _______________________________ ?(苏轼 《 ___________ 》)(3) 王夫之《姜寨诗话》说:“以乐景写哀,以哀景写乐, 一倍增其哀乐”《诗经•采薇》中“以哀景写乐”的两句是2. 按要求选择(5分)精锐如(1)他乡偶遇多年未见好友,以下句子最适合表达此时情感的一项是()(2分)A.人生若只如初见,何事秋风悲画扇。
B.人生所贵在知己,四海相逢骨肉亲。
C.鱼沈雁杳天涯路,始信人间别离苦。
D.桃李春风一杯酒,江湖夜雨十年灯。
(2)填入下面语段空白处的词句,最恰当的一项是(. )金精锐如・■麻玄■豪®1金(3分)其实每种学问都有长久的历史,________________________ 提出过种种不同的解答,你必须明白这些经过,才可以利用前人的收获,免得绕弯子甚至于走错路。
A.许多人都曾经思虑过、讨论过其中每一个问题B.其中每一个问题曾经许多人都思虑过,讨论过C.其中每一个问题都曾经许多人思虑过,讨论过D.许多人对其中每一个问题都曾思虑过,讨论过二阅读70分(一)阅读下文,完成3-7题。
(16分)文学社会学的“摆渡”罗时进①中国古代诗文,从先秦到唐宋是各种文体的萌生、成长、形成阶段;明清诗文自然也有成长,甚至出现显性的发展,但这种发展是与回溯、总结相伴的。
也正因为如此,诗文二体迄于唐宋,内部结构方面的问题很多,而至明清则外⑺精锐教育部关系问题更加突出。
虽然,几乎所有称之为"外部关系" 方面的问题在唐宋乃至先唐时代都有,但显然不如明清时代那样全面集中、高度呈现,这不免使人好奇。
而正如文学内部结构具有相关性一样,外部关系问题之丛生往往表现为两种形态:一是链式的,一是树形的。
前者是问题套连着问题, 后者是主要问题旁生出诸多问题。
这种复杂状态尤其能够激发出研究兴趣。
因为,如欲抵达明清诗文的本真,理解其文人、文心、文本之感人处,不将诸多"外部”关系梳理清楚, 会多少有些隔靴搔痒。
• • • •②这也就是自己这些年在明清诗文研究方面比较侧重于文学与社会关系的主要原因了。
但文学社会学是一条并不平坦的道路。
我们知道,文学同时属于个人智慧、文本形式和社会结构这三个领域,从任何一个领域出发,都可能抵达文学世界。
不过应该承认,这三者与文学世界不是等距离的,訂精锐如缶* IB ■鼻底■)!削直而文学社会学研究较之其他方法更容易发生偏差,罗贝尔•埃斯卡皮在写作《文学与社会》时已经注意到相关问题:“真正从社会学角度出发的研究明显地被忽略了,即使在按照传统方法编写得最好的文学史教材中也是如此。
有时候作者意识到了社会维数,并试图加以描述,可是,由于缺乏严谨的、专门的方法,因而他们还是经常当了人与作品这个传统框架的俘虏。
历史的深度仿佛在一块两维屏幕上被压扁了;文学事实因此受到扭曲,就同一张世界地图在平面投影上的失真情况一模一样。
”③在1950年代以后相当长的时间里,文学社会学是学者们最习惯使用的研究方法,这一方面是受到传统的“知人论世”说的影响,一方面受到政治环境的影响。
知人论世的理念本来很好,是理性而科学性的,也是感性而人文化的,但因为被意识形态所左右, 变得图式化、标签化、简单化了, 訂精锐如缶* IB ■鼻底■)!削直文学社会学的理论意义也随之耗散殆尽。
新时期初人们一梦醒来时,它不可避免地获得了一个“庸俗社会学”的恶谥,以至于有学者明确声明:“什么方法都好,就是不能容忍社会学方法。
”尽管不断有学者将文学社会学与其他国外文艺理论、方法并论加以介绍,为其科学性与可行性辩护,但似乎总难洗白。
在研究过程中,许多研究者的课题高度接近甚或深度切入了文学社会学之要义,却仍然回避这一命名。
命名或可回避,但文学发展的史实无可回避。
④研究实践与命名的脱节,还与强调文学学科的主体性有关。
自从文学社会学在欧洲成为一个学派并产生了影响后,他们的一些社会学著作中便往往堂皇地将其作为内容设定了,使社会学的疆域得到拓宽。
虽然对这一学科发展思路无可置喙,但也不免会产生一个疑问:文学社会学是文学研究的对象,还是社会学研究的范畴?⑺精锐教育⑤其实,随着学科壁垒的打破,这个问题在宏观文学史意识中早已淡化了。
即使要细究,不少历史学著作中都专论文学家与文学发展,文学研究者以之为自然而然,如果社会学、考古学、文化人类学等学科纳入文学,又何尝不可,何损文学的学科主体性、学术自足性呢?今日学术之大、之新, 往往由通、由博而生,阐他域以辅文学是好事,反之亦然,其理实不待详辩。
⑥当然,文学社会学是立足文学而借由社会学的摆渡,这与站在社会学角度研究文学还是有所不同的。
前面用了“船到桥头”的比喻,不妨还以“船”来说吧。
文学社会学的“船” 上应该载有文人、文学作品、文学生活——这是一艘由文献与文心构建的“文学之舟”。
研究它与历史、时代、社会、阶层、制度、家族、社群、城市、地理等的关系,犹如讨论行船与气候、航道、水流、风力、崖岸、景观之间的影响,这囹精锐教育是文学本体与某些客观环境的诠释与对话,其欲抵达的方向是文学史的构成及其发展规律,而不是其他。
⑦不言而喻的是,"文学之舟"要航行到目标,需要的动力因素很多,文学社会学只是多种研究方法之一,是研究合力的组成部分,尽管立足于文学,仍不免有偏至性。
这种偏至性决定了它所能够解决的只是部分问题,而不可能是全部;对文学史的构成及其发展规律的探讨,起侧翼支持或补充作用,而不能替代他翼之重要作用。
3.第①段加点词语“隔靴搔痒”,在文中的意思是(2分)4.第②段引用罗贝尔?埃斯皮卡的话论证“文学社会学研究更容易发生偏差”,请具体分析这一引用是如何证明观点的。
(3分)⑺精锐教育5.下列对“文学社会学”这一概念的理解与文意不相符的一项是()(3分)A.文学社会学因为受意识形态左右而使其理论意义耗散殆尽。
B.文学社会学研究一度出现过研究实质与研究命名的不一致。
C.文学社会学既是文学研究的对象,也是社会学研究的范畴。
D.文学社会学对文学的发展与演变起到侧翼支持或补充作用。
6.第⑥段以“船”设喻,对其作用分析不正确的一项是()(3分)A.使自己的论述更加形象生动,使自己的观点更具说服力、更易于理解。
B.文学社会学的“船”应该载有的相关内容,正是其研究的立足点所在。
C.以行船与相关因素之间的影响,形象地说明文学本体相对应的独立性。
D.形象地说明如何从社会学角度研究文学,阐明文学与社会学之间关系。
(二)阅读下文,完成 &11题。
(15分)村庄里的草木 晓寒① 在我的认知里,村庄是存在于一种秩序中的。
山和水, 土地和房屋,各安其间,井然有序。
村庄里的草木,同样遵 从于一种秩序,沿着时间的铁轨穿过风、阳光、雨水,穿过 很多东西,从来不知道偷懒,也不会有所偏倚,一生都在重 复一条春荣秋谢的路。
它们以不同的姿势贴近村庄,像一床 被子把村庄覆盖,假使一个陌生人像翻书一样把它们轻轻地 揭开,村庄的秘密便会不再缓冲地暴露在眼前。
黛色的屋顶、 炊烟、牛羊,一垄一垄的稻子,弯着腰劳作的农人。
我是在 草木里长大的,从来不怀疑草木的忠诚,它们不会让一个外来者轻易地窥探,习惯了用自己的枝枝叶叶,守护着村庄的 私密。
② 进入城市以后,我经常会在无眠的夜里找寻最初的记 忆,希7.试简要概述作者对“文学社会学”的论述过程 (5 分) 精锐教育M ■ ■龙・疑卷金望以此来安慰不断入侵我内心的怀想。
但我在一番搜肠刮肚之后,发觉小时候的事情早已忘得一干二净。
我只记得端午节时插在大门边的蕲艾、菖蒲,还有缠绕的葛藤,它们看着我进进出出,有时候像恶作剧一样,借助穿堂风把泥土的气息塞进我的呼吸,令我猝不及防。
有些事情,连我自己都觉得不可信,纵使生活困窘,我的童年也应该有意想不到的斑斓,几种平常的草木,怎么就这样轻松地收买了我的记忆?③草木毫不费力地占领了我记忆的一端,但并不见得我那时如何喜欢草木。
有很长一段时间,我都觉得草木是一种不必要的存在。
我厌倦它们,它们长在路边,打湿早行人的⑺精锐教育裤脚,把枝桠伸向屋顶,吞噬阳光,堵塞瓦楞的沟壑,让雨水漏进屋来,潜入稻田和菜地,挖空心思抢庄稼的风头。
我拿着刀去砍,背着锄头去铲,用手使劲拔,连根拔掉。
我大概还想过,要是能像赶牛羊一样,把村庄里的草木赶得一根不剩,只剩下干干净净的庄稼,一条条光溜溜的泥巴路,天与地之间坦荡如砥,这样,村庄里的人便能省略大把的汗水就在我开始构思这个宏大理想的时候,我的喉咙突然痛了起来,没有任何征兆,痛得连喝水都要小心翼翼。
祖父见了说, 没事,是上火了。
他从山上挖来一种树根熬成水端到我面前, 他笑着说赶紧喝了吧,喝了就好了。
当时我并不相信这种土办法能瓦解我的疼痛,我切了一截稻草当吸管,一点点吸进去,苦,涩,酸,好像所有人类难以接受的味道都集中在这水里,弄得我头晕目眩,只是没想到几天后,竟奇迹般地好了。
⑺精锐教育④从那时起,我感到了草木的神秘,开始审视周围的草木。
村庄里到底有多少种草木呢?到处都是,没有人数得清, 连年纪最大的老人也不知道。
我想它们大约是被风吹来的,一阵大风,从山那边吹过来,它们落户以后,忙着开疆拓土,攻占所有的空隙,连一条石头缝都不放过。
它们带着露水,披着烟霭,把村庄揽在怀里。
村庄累了,困了,就躺在它们的怀抱之中,草木歌唱,歌声把村庄带进沉沉的梦乡。
⑤祖父有一双巧手,他会用梧桐树皮打草鞋,半天的工夫打一双,穿上去软绵绵的。
他还会用山棕织蓑衣,用箬叶织斗笠。
我看过他织蓑衣,用一个五齿耙撕扯棕片,一点点地扯,扯出的丝像女人长长的头发,他弄一点水把手掌打湿,将丝搓成一根根细细的绳子,然后在屋坪里打开一床晒垫,把棕片铺好,操起钢针飞针走线。
他半蹲着,身子往一侧倾,右手不停地来回,钢针和绳子随着他的手穿过来绕过去,像⑺精锐教育一个老渔夫在织网一样。
偶尔他也会站起来拿着他那根长烟杆抽烟,在烟雾里打量自己的作品,似乎在想哪里要挡风,哪里要遮雨,阳光把祖父的影子压弯,像农人高高举起的镰刀。
他再一次穿针引线,好像要把阳光也一起织进去,用储存的阳光来驱赶风雨,外出干农活,穿上祖父织的蓑衣,戴上他织的斗笠,就像聪明的鸟筑了一个结实的巢,再大的风雨也奈何不了。
⑥母亲会在一家人闲着的时候,突然从屋角搬出一坛浸熟的野柿子,或者一大把板栗、煮熟的苦珠、一袋子酸枣糕餐桌上也经常变换花样,一碗香喷喷的蘑菇、竹笋、橡子豆腐,一盆子艾叶耙耙。
日子困顿,她以一个母亲的力量为一家人驱逐着贫穷的阴影。